CN109547139A - A kind of uplink model construction and method for analyzing performance based on Rician channel - Google Patents
A kind of uplink model construction and method for analyzing performance based on Rician channel Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
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Abstract
The present invention considers user's the case where there are LOS paths to BR and BR to destination BD, construct the uplink model of the Massive MIMO relay system based on Rician channel, and it is gone out to the uplink model inference of the Massive MIMO relay system based on Rician channel can realize the approximate closure expression formula of rate, and the expression formula based on the derivation be derived other three kinds in the case of realize the approximate expression of rate.The Massive MIMO relay system uplink based on Rician channel that the present invention derives can realize that the closure expression formula of rate has apparent advantage compared with deriving that uplink can realize the closure expression formula of rate under traditional Rayleigh fading channel, this is because all considering the presence of LOS path to the channel of destination BD in user to BR and BR, make gained rate closer to the rate during practical communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication signals processing technology fields, and in particular to one kind is based under Rician channel
Massive MIMO relay system uplink model construction and method for analyzing performance.
Background technique
In recent years, with the extensive use of various handheld devices (such as smart phone and tablet computer), the stream of mobile data
Amount is estimated will to increase about 1000 times than before, and to following spectrum efficiency, more stringent requirements are proposed for this.Existing exploitation 5G is wireless
Network increases raising with service quality to be used to meet this flow sharply.
5G wireless network shows many superior performances in Massive MIMO, such as substantially increases the handling capacity of system
And communications security.For example, in extensive mimo system, as antenna for base station quantity tends to be infinitely great, incoherent additivity
Influence between white Gaussian noise and intra-cell users interference will fade away, and compared with traditional MIMO technology, it can
Spectrum and efficiency are improved into several orders of magnitude.In addition, the performance of optimal receiver may be implemented using simple linear process, this
Make it possible in 5G network using Massive MIMO technology.Therefore, in different transmitting/reception schemes and different channels
Under, the spectrum efficiency of assessment Massive mimo system is particularly important.
Document [Ngo, H.Q., Larsson, E.G., Marzetta, T.L.: ' Energy and spectral
efficiency of very large multiuser MIMO systems’,IEEE Trans.Commun.,2013,61,
(4), pp.1436-1449] in discuss the spectrum efficiency of uncorrelated channel.Document [Hoydis, J., ten Brink, S.,
Debbah,M.:‘Massive MIMO in the UL/DL of cellular networks:How many antennas
Do we need? ', IEEE J.Sel.Areas Commun., 2013,31, (2), pp.160-171] in consider that antenna is related
Property, derive that the more cellular systems of non-cooperating can realize the Asymptotic solution closure expression formula of rate.Then document [Rusek, F.,
Persson,D.,Lau,B.K.,et al.:‘Scaling up MIMO:opportunities and challenges with
Very large arrays ', IEEE Signal Process.Mag., 2013,30, (1), pp.40-46] comprehensive summing up in
The advantage and challenge of extensive MIMO.
Meanwhile the various relaying techniques of such as amplification forwarding (AF) are used since its offer spreads over and improve cell edge
The service quality at family and the ability of link reliability and receive great attention.At present had already appeared much by relaying technique with
The combination of extensive MIMO because this combination takes into account the advantage of both, referring to document [Ngo, H.Q., Larsson, E.G.:
‘Spectral efficiency of the multipair two-way relay channel with massive
arrays'.Proc.Asilomar,Pacific Grove,CA,USA,November 2013,pp.275–279].?
[H.Q.Ngo,H.A.Suraweera,M.Matthaiou,and E.G.Larsson,“Multi-pair full-duplex
relaying with massive arrays and linear processing,”IEEE J.Sel.Areas Commun.,
Vol.32, no.9, pp.1721-1737, Sep.2014.] full duplex decoding forwarding is used to extensive MIMO relaying in document
(DF) it is studied, obtains receiving signal at relaying (RS), using maximal ratio transmission/high specific combination (MRT/MRC)
Simple signal processing is carried out with force zero (ZF) receiver, finally obtains the closure expression formula for realizing rate.In view of simpler
Trunk protocol, document [H.A.Suraweera, H.Q.Ngo, T.Q.Duong, C.Yuen, and E.G.Larsson, " Multi-
pair amplify-and-forward relaying with very large antenna arrays,”in
Proc.IEEE Int.Conf.Commun., Budapest, Hungary, Jun.2013, pp.4635-4640.] have studied it is multipair
Extensive MIMO unidirectionally amplifies and forwards (AF) junction network.The MRT/MRC used in RS and ZF processing obtains approximate realization
The closure expression formula of total rate.In order to further increase spectrum efficiency, [H.Cui, L.Song, and B.Jiao, " Multi-
pair two-way amplify-and-forward relaying with very large number of relay
Antennas, " IEEE Trans.WirelessCommun., vol.13, no.5, pp.2636-2645, May 2014.] document
Have extensively studied the two-way AF junction network of multipair extensive MIMO.This document analysis the result shows that, huge antenna array in system
Column can averagely decline on a small scale, eliminate intersymbol interference, and reduce total power consumption.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency in the prior art, propose a kind of based on Rician channel Massive
MIMO relay system uplink model building method, it is contemplated that all there is LOS between user to BR and BR to destination BD.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides one kind to be based on Rician channel Massive MIMO relay system
Uplink model building method, comprising the following steps:
S1 considers the Channel Modeling of user to BR and BR to BD there are LOS path into Rician channel；
S2 is calculated according to the rapid fading matrix and large-scale fading matrix of user to BR and BR to BD and is obtained user to BR
With the channel coefficient matrix of BR to BD.
Further, fast weak matrix HSRAnd HRDIt can be expressed as following form:
Here ΩSRAnd ΩRDIndicate the Rician-factor diagonal matrix of K × K, the Rician-factor of k-th of user
[Ω can be respectively indicatedSR]kk=μk[ΩRD]kk=εk,WithIndicate channel
Random component,WithIndicate the certainty component of channel, IKIndicate the unit square of K × K
Battle array.
Further, channel coefficient matrix is written as follow form:
HereWithBe illustrated respectively in user between BR and BR to BD comprising fast
The channel matrix of decline and large-scale fading,WithIndicate user to BR and BR to BD
Rapid fading matrix, NrAnd NdThe antenna amount of BR and BD are respectively indicated, K is number of users.
The invention also provides one kind to be based on Rician channel Massive MIMO relay system uplink model performance
Analysis method obtains the expression formula of model speed, to analyze the performance of this model.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides one kind to be based on Rician channel Massive MIMO relay system uplink mould
Type method for analyzing performance, including following procedure:
S1 calculates the channel coefficient matrix for obtaining user to BR and BR to BD according to the above method；
S2 calculates the reception signal expression obtained at BD according to the channel coefficient matrix of user to BR and BR to BD；
S3 is calculated according to signal expression is received and is obtained true real integrated rate expression；
Real integrated rate expression channel high-order statistic is expressed, obtains the closure expression formula for analyzing total rate by S4,
To analyze performance.
Further, the reception signal expression process obtained at BD is calculated are as follows:
In first time slot, K user sends signal to BR；
Assuming thatIt is the transmission signal vectors of K user, and xsPower meets normalization E { xsxs H}=IK,
GSRIt is user to including rapid fading and large-scale fading N between BRrThe channel matrix of × K receives signal at BR are as follows:
Here the transmission power of each user is pu, nRIndicate independent identically distributed white complex gaussian noise and
It obtains receiving signal y at BRRAfterwards, by maximum rate receiver to receive signal handle, can be obtained according to
Lai YuReceiving matrixSignal y will be received againRWith depend onReceiver matrixIt is multiplied, then by letter
The reception signal singly handled may be expressed as:
And then, signal x is receivedRBy power amplification at BR, the signal after power amplification can be indicated are as follows:
Here by the signal of power amplificationMeetPRIt indicates by power amplified signalFunction
Rate, γ are the amplification factors for meeting total transmission power constraint at BR,
The amplification factor γ of the total transmission power constraint of BR are as follows:
In the second time slot, BR arbitrarily selects K antenna for forwardingArrive at the destination the reception signal at BD are as follows:
Here GRDIt is between BR to destination BD comprising rapid fading and large-scale fading NdThe channel matrix of × K, nDBe
Multiple additive white Gaussian noise at the BD of destination andIt is equally received using MRC at the BD of destination, this
The receiving matrix at placeIt relies onIt can be obtained after treatment at the BD of destination based on Rician channel
The reception signal of Massive MIMO relay system are as follows:
Further, according to signal expression is received, the detailed process for obtaining real integrated rate expression is calculated are as follows:
Assuming that user has perfect channel state information to BR and BR to destination BD, without carrying out channel estimation, root
According to above formula can write out at the BD of destination k-th of user to receive signal as follows:
Assuming that user's interference is Gaussian distributed and the transmitting signal x with k-th of users,kIt is unrelated, then can obtain
To the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of k-th of userk, can further obtain and realize rate RkAre as follows:
Above formula can be approximately:
It can be obtained by above formula and really realize total rate are as follows:
Further, the process for analyzing total rate is calculated are as follows:
The total rate of analysis of the Massive MIMO relay system under Rician channel are as follows:
If
, A in above formulakIndicate power, the B of k-th of user's desired signalkIndicate that k-th of user is interfered by other users
Power, CkAnd DkIt indicates noise power, uses ΔSR,k、Qki、Φki、ΔRD,k、Rki、φkiTo express Ak~Dk, can respectively indicate
Are as follows:
Dk=σD 2βkNd。
Further, rate expression formula is analyzed in the case of other three kinds according to derived from analysis general power expression formula:
The first: is when only there are Ricean- when LOS path, between BR and destination BD between BR by user
Factor is-∞ dB, i.e. εi=0 (i=0,1 .., K), at this point, the channel degradation between BR to destination BD is Rayleigh decaying
Channel, and ΔRD,k=1, Rki=1, can obtaining Massive MIMO relay system at this time, between BR, there are the roads LOS when there was only user
The closure expression formula of the total rate of realization in the case where diameter is as follows:
By ΔRD,k=1, Rki=1 substitutes into A in step 4k、Bk、Ck、DkObtain Acase1,k、Bcase1,k、Ccase1,k、Dcase1,k
It is as follows:
Dcase1,k=σD 2βkNd
Second (case2): when between only BR to destination BD there are in the case where LOS path, user and BR it
Between Ricean-factor be-∞ dB, i.e. μi=0 (i=0,1 .., K), at this point, user to channel degradation between BR be Rayleigh
Attenuation channel, and ΔSR,k=1, Qki=1, Massive MIMO relay system can be obtained at this time when between only BR to destination BD
There are the closure expression formula of the total rate of realization in the case where LOS path is as follows:
By ΔSR,k=1, Qki=1 substitutes into A in step 4k、Bk、Ck、DkObtain Acase2,k、Bcase2,k、Ccase2,k、Dcase2,k
It is as follows:
Dcase2,k=σD 2βkNd
The third (case3): in the case where LOS path all is not present between user to BR and BR to destination BD,
Ricean-factor between user to BR and BR to destination BD is-∞ dB, i.e. μi=0, εi=0 (i=0,1 ..,
K), which is pure Rayleigh channel attenuation model, at this point, ΔSR,k=1, Qki=1, ΔRD,k=1, Rki=1；It can obtain at this time
Reality of Massive MIMO relay system in the case where LOS access all is not present between user to BR and BR to destination BD
Now the closure expression formula of total rate is as follows:
By ΔSR,k=1, Qki=1, ΔRD,k=1, Rki=1 substitutes into A in step 4k、Bk、Ck、DkObtain Acase3,k、
Bcase3,k、Ccase3,k、Dcase3,kIt is as follows:
Dcase3,k=σD 2βkNd。
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects obtained by the present invention are as follows being: present invention consideration user to BR and BR to purpose
Ground BD the case where there are LOS paths, construct the uplink mould of the Massive MIMO relay system based on Rician channel
Type, and the uplink performance of the Massive MIMO relay system based on Rician channel is analyzed, derive it
Uplink can realize the approximate closure expression formula of rate.The Massive MIMO based on Rician channel that the present invention derives
Relay system uplink can realize rate closure expression formula and traditional Rayleigh fading channel under derive that uplink can
Realize that the closure expression formula of rate is compared with apparent advantage, this is because existing in user to BR and BR to destination BD
The case where LOS path, more meets actual communication.And the approximate closure expression formula of rate is realized under traditional rayleigh fading channel
A kind of special case in the model when Rician-factor is-∞ dB can be regarded as.And by deriving based on Rician channel
Massive MIMO relay system uplink can realize can be real in the case of the closure expression formula of rate is derived other three kinds
The expression formula of existing rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is model structure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is total rate with relaying (BR) antenna number change curve；
Fig. 3 is total rate with Ricain-factor change curve；
Fig. 4 is Mean Speed with number of users change curve.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of model building method of Massive MIMO relay system based on Rician channel of the invention, including with
Lower process:
S1 considers the Channel Modeling of user to BR and BR to BD there are LOS path into Rician channel；
S2 is calculated according to the rapid fading matrix and large-scale fading matrix of user to BR and BR to BD and is obtained user to BR
With the channel coefficient matrix of BR to BD.
Correspondingly, a kind of Massive MIMO relay system method for analyzing performance based on Rician channel of the invention,
Including following procedure:
S1, the model of the Massive MIMO relay system based on Rician channel is established according to the above method, and calculating obtains
User to BR and BR to BD channel coefficient matrix；
S2 calculates the reception signal expression obtained at BD according to the channel coefficient matrix of user to BR and BR to BD；
S3 is calculated according to signal expression is received and is obtained true realization integrated rate expression；
S4 will realize that integrated rate expression channel high-order statistic is expressed, obtain the closure expression formula for analyzing total rate,
To analyze the performance of this model.
Embodiment
During Massive MIMO relay system uplink, referring to as shown in Figure 1, user to destination base station
(BD) since serious shade and path loss do not have direct link, the signal of user's transmission must be by relaying (BR) transfer ability
BD is arrived at the destination, all there is the path LOS (line-of-sight), and BR and mesh between user to BR and BR to destination BD
Ground BD be all equipped with a large amount of aerial array, antenna amount is respectively NrAnd Nd(assuming that Nd≥Nr> K, K are number of users).
The embodiment of the present invention is the model construction and property of a kind of Massive MIMO relay system based on Rician channel
Energy analysis method, following procedure:
Step 1: being modeled to channel model, to obtain Rician channel.
User can respectively indicate to relaying (BR) channel coefficients and BR to destination base station (BD) channel coefficients are as follows:
Wherein, gSR,mkIt is the channel coefficients from k-th of user to m-th of antenna of BR, hSR,mkIt is from k-th of user to BR
Rapid fading element between m-th of antenna, gRD,mkIt is the antenna in BR optional k-th of transmitting antenna and m-th of destination BD
Between channel coefficients, hRD,mkIt is the rapid fading between the antenna of BR optional k-th of transmitting antenna and m-th of destination BD
Element, and αkAnd βkIt is large-scale fading coefficient, for simulating geonetrical attenuation and shadow fading.
Channel coefficients can be written as follow form:
HereWithBe illustrated respectively in user between BR and BR to BD comprising fast
The channel matrix of decline and large-scale fading,WithIndicate user to BR and BR to BD
Rapid fading matrix, NrAnd NdRespectively indicate the antenna amount of BR and BD, K is number of users, and [HSR]mk=hSR,mk, [HRD]mk=
hRD,mk。DSRAnd DRDIndicate the large-scale fading diagonal matrix of K × K, and [DSR]kk=αk, [DRD]kk=βk。
Fast weak matrix H in two formulas aboveSRAnd HRDIt can be expressed as following form:
Here ΩSRAnd ΩRDIndicate the Rician-factor diagonal matrix (square being made of Rician-factor of K × K
Battle array), and Rician-factor indicates that the power of certainty component and the power ratio of dispersive, Rician-factor are exactly
One number, with which constitute matrix ΩSRAnd ΩRD.The Rician-factor of k-th of user can respectively indicate [ΩSR]kk=μkWith
[ΩRD]kk=εk。WithIndicate the random component of channel, HSR,wAnd HRD,wIt is every
One column are all with zero-mean, and real and imaginary parts are mutually indepedent, and variance is all 1/2, and are independent identically distributed (iid) multiple height
This stochastic variable (each column of two H be all mutually indepedent and probability distribution all),WithIndicate the certainty component of channel, IKIndicate the unit matrix of K × K.
Above in two equatioiesWithIndicate the certainty component of channel, whereinWithThe element of m row kth column in matrixWithIt may be expressed as:
Wherein dSRAnd dRDIt is the space length of aerial array, λ is optical wavelength, θSR,kAnd θRD,kIt is the arrival of k-th of user
Angle.
Step 2: handling the signal during entire uplink, the reception letter at destination base station BD is obtained
Number.
In first time slot, K user sends signal to BR.
Assuming thatIt is the transmission signal vectors of K user, and xsPower meets normalization E { xsxs H}=IK,
GSRIt is user to including rapid fading and large-scale fading N between BRrThe channel matrix of × K.Receive signal at BR are as follows:
Here the transmission power of each user is pu, nRIndicate independent identically distributed white complex gaussian noise and(this is the mathematical expression form of multiple Gauss distribution, and cn indicates multiple Gauss, and 0 indicates mean value, subsequent
Indicate variance).
It obtains receiving signal y at BRRAfterwards, simply located by maximum rate receiver (MRC) to signal is received
Reason, bibliography document [P.Dong, H.Zhang, W.Xu, and X.You, " Efficient low-resolution ADC
relaying for multiuser massive MIMO system,”IEEE Trans.Veh.Techonol.,vol.66,
No.12, pp.11 039-11 056, Dec.2017.], it can be depended onReceiving matrixSignal will be received again
yRWith depend onReceiver matrixIt is multiplied.It may be expressed as: by simply dealt reception signal
And then, signal x is receivedRBy power amplification at BR, the signal after power amplification can be indicated are as follows:
Here by the signal of power amplificationMeetPRIt indicates by power amplified signalFunction
Rate, γ are the amplification factors for meeting total transmission power constraint at BR.The amplification factor γ of the total transmission power constraint of BR are as follows:
In the second time slot, BR arbitrarily selects K antenna for forwardingArrive at the destination the reception signal at BD are as follows:
Here GRDIt is between BR to destination BD comprising rapid fading and large-scale fading NdThe channel matrix of × K, nDBe
Multiple additive white Gaussian noise at the BD of destination andIt is equally received using MRC at the BD of destination, this
The receiving matrix at placeIt relies onIt can be obtained after simple process based on Rician channel at the BD of destination
The reception signal of Massive MIMO relay system are as follows:
Step 3: calculating the model really realizes total rate, its performance is analyzed for emulating:
In this section, it is assumed that user to BR and BR to destination BD have perfect channel state information, without carrying out letter
Road estimation, according to above formula can write out at the BD of destination k-th of user to receive signal as follows:
Assuming that user's interference is Gaussian distributed and the transmitting signal x with k-th of users,kIt is unrelated, then can obtain
To the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of k-th of userk, can further obtain and realize rate RkAre as follows:
Above formula can be approximately:
It can be obtained by above formula and really realize total rate are as follows:
Step 4: calculate the total rate of the model analysis, with being analyzed later by emulation performance:
The total rate of analysis of the Massive MIMO relay system under Rician channel are as follows:
If
,
A in above formulakIndicate power, the B of k-th of user's desired signalkIndicate that k-th of user is interfered by other users
Power, CkAnd DkIt indicates noise power, uses ΔSR,k、Qki、Φki、ΔRD,k、Rki、φkiTo express Ak~Dk, can respectively indicate
Are as follows:
Dk=σD 2βkNd
A abovek、Bk、Ck、DkProof it is as follows: bibliography [Q.Zhang, S.Jin, K.-K.Wong, H.Zhu, and
M.Matthaiou,“Power scaling of uplink massive MIMO systems with arbitrary-rank
channel means,”IEEE J.Sel.Topics Signal Process.,vol.8,no.5,pp.966–981,
Oct.2014.], it can get following high-order statistic:
It can will be in formula according to the calculation formula of rate true total in third step γ indicates to obtain with high-order statistic above
To the total rate of analysis in the 4th step, so A in expression formulakIt answers are as follows:
In above formulaIt can be calculated as follows:
Using calculated above resultingAs a result the function of desired signal can be calculated
Rate AkAre as follows:
It is similar to obtain user's jamming power BkAre as follows:
In above formulaIt can be by being calculated as follows:
The power B of user's interferencekIt is represented by following form:
Same noise power CkIt answers are as follows:
In above formulaCalculating it is as follows:
Because in GSRAnd GRDEach column be all independent same distribution, so GSRAnd GRDIn any two different column inner products be
0, institute's above formula is only just not zero in i=k, i.e.,
Noise power are as follows:
γ uses Δ in all above equationSR,k、Qki、Φki、ΔRD,k、Rki、φkiIt is represented by as follows:
The proof of γ is as follows:
By second step:
In above formula in expression formulaThe a element be desired for calculating it is as follows:
It can be obtained
Also it is readily available as follows:
Step 5: with the realization rate R derived in step 4sumExpression formula derived from analyze in the case of other three kinds
Rate expression formula.
The first (case1): when only user between BR there are when LOS path, between BR and destination BD
Ricean-factor is-∞ dB, i.e. εi=0 (i=0,1 ..,K), at this point, the channel degradation between BR to destination BD is auspicious
Sharp attenuation channel, and ΔRD,k=1, Rki=1, Massive MIMO relay system can be obtained at this time when only user deposits between BR
The closure expression formula of the total rate of realization in the case where LOS path is as follows:
By ΔRD,k=1, Rki=1 substitutes into A in step 4k、Bk、Ck、DkObtain Acase1,k、Bcase1,k、Ccase1,k、Dcase1,k
It is as follows:
Dcase1,k=σD 2βkNd
Second (case2): when between only BR to destination BD there are in the case where LOS path, user and BR it
Between Ricean-factor be-∞ dB, i.e. μi=0 (i=0,1 .., K), at this point, user to channel degradation between BR be Rayleigh
Attenuation channel, and ΔSR,k=1, Qki=1, Massive MIMO relay system can be obtained at this time when between only BR to destination BD
There are the closure expression formula of the total rate of realization in the case where LOS path is as follows:
By ΔSR,k=1, Qki=1 substitutes into A in step 4k、Bk、Ck、DkObtain Acase2,k、Bcase2,k、Ccase2,k、Dcase2,k
It is as follows:
Dcase2,k=σD 2βkNd
The third (case3): in the case where LOS path all is not present between user to BR and BR to destination BD,
Ricean-factor between user to BR and BR to destination BD is-∞ dB, i.e. μi=0, εi=0 (i=0,1 ..,
K), which is pure Rayleigh channel attenuation model, at this point, ΔSR,k=1, Qki=1, ΔRD,k=1, Rki=1.It can obtain at this time
Reality of Massive MIMO relay system in the case where LOS access all is not present between user to BR and BR to destination BD
Now the closure expression formula of total rate is as follows:
By ΔSR,k=1, Qki=1, ΔRD,k=1, Rki=1 substitutes into A in step 4k、Bk、Ck、DkObtain Acase3,k、
Bcase3,k、Ccase3,k、Dcase3,kIt is as follows:
Dcase3,k=σD 2βkNd
In conclusion during uplink, foundation based on Rician channel Massive MIMO model, user
Channel to BR and BR to destination BD all considers the case where there are LOS paths, and the model is made to decline relative to traditional Rayleigh
The model subtracted more meets practical communication.The advantages of model also resides in can derive according to the value of special Rician-factor
Massive MIMO relay system can realize the closure expression formula of rate under other three kinds different actual scenes, first is that when in user
When the Ricain-factor of channel is-∞ dB between BR, Δ aboveSR,k=1, Qki=1, which only has BR to purpose
There are Rician fading channels by ground BD, and in user to the channel that BR degeneration is that Rayleigh is decayed, by ΔSR,k、QkiSubstitute into analysis speed
The expression formula of rate, so that it may which obtaining only BR to destination BD in uplink, there are the closure expression that LOS path realizes rate
Formula；Second is that when the Ricain-factor of the channel between BR to destination BD is-∞ dB, Δ aboveRD,k=1, Rki=1,
The model only has user to BR there are Rician fading channel, degenerate in BR to destination BD be Rayleigh decaying channel, will
ΔRD,k、RkiSubstitute into analysis rate expression formula, so that it may obtain in uplink only have user to BR there are LOS path realizations
The closure expression formula of rate；It is finally when the Ricain-factor of user to channel between BR and BR to destination BD is-∞
When dB, Δ aboveSR,k=1, Qki=1, ΔRD,k=1, Rki=1, which is pure Rayleigh attenuation model, by ΔSR,k、
Qki、ΔRD,k、RkiSubstitute into the expression formula of analysis rate, so that it may obtain the realization rate of pure Rayleigh attenuation model in uplink
Closure expression formula.
The present invention obtains the expression formula of model speed, to analyze the performance of this model.
Fig. 2 is under perfect channel state information, for number of users K=10, transmission power pu=5,10,15, and
When Rician-factor takes 0dB and 10dB, realize total rate with BR days based on Rician channel Massive MIMO relay system
The simulation result of line number.Its medium and small square and small circle are real velocities obtained by taking 1000 Monte Carlo Experiments, and small
Point among square and small circle is by analyzing resulting simulation result.As can be seen from Figure 2, analyze resulting curve and
The real curve of 1000 Monte Carlo simulations is almost overlapped, the correctness of this validating analysis result.
Fig. 3 is for number of users K=10, and BR antenna number Nr is respectively 100 and 200, and transmission power pu=5,10,15
When, total rate of third step and the 4th step with Rician-factor change curve.It is total as can be seen from Figure 3 to can be achieved
Rate with Rician-factor, transmission power, antenna number increase and increase.From Fig. 3 it has been also found that when in Rician-
When factor is reduced to relatively small, channel degradation is Rayleigh fading channel at this time, and total rate is no longer with Rician-
Factor and change, when Rician-factor reach 25dB when, total rate also no longer with the growth of Rician-factor and
Growth reaches saturation state.
It is respectively 50,100,150 and 200 that Fig. 4, which is for BR antenna number Nr, transmission power pu=10, and Rician-
factorμi=εi=10dB, the Mean Speed of each user with number of users K change curve.It can be seen from the figure that average
Every user rate is in logarithm monotone decreasing trend as number of users increases.Meanwhile increasing relay antenna number for averagely every use
Family spectrum efficiency is promoted, to improve the service quality of system.
The present invention considers during Massive MIMO relay system uplink in user to BR and BR to destination
The case where there are LOS paths between BD, makes model more meet practical communication.In different transmission powers, different Rician-
Carried out simulating, verifying under factor and different numbers of users: simulation result can be seen that by being emulated by Monte-Carlo
The total rate curve of gained is almost completely coincident with the resulting total rate curve of analysis.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications can also be made
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is based on Rician channel Massive MIMO relay system uplink model building method, characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
S1 considers the Channel Modeling of user to BR and BR to BD there are LOS path into Rician channel；
S2 is calculated according to the rapid fading matrix and large-scale fading matrix of user to BR and BR to BD and is obtained user to BR and BR
To the channel coefficient matrix of BD.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of based on Rician channel Massive MIMO relay system uplink model structure
Construction method, characterized in that fast weak matrix HSRAnd HRDIt can be expressed as following form:
Here ΩSRAnd ΩRDIndicate that the Rician-factor diagonal matrix of K × K, the Rician-factor of k-th of user can divide
It Biao Shi not [ΩSR]kk=μk[ΩRD]kk=εk,WithIndicate random point of channel
Amount,WithIndicate the certainty component of channel, IKIndicate the unit matrix of K × K, NrWith
NdThe antenna amount of BR and BD are respectively indicated, K is number of users.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of based on Rician channel Massive MIMO relay system uplink model structure
Construction method, characterized in that channel coefficient matrix is written as follow form:
HereWithBe illustrated respectively in user between BR and BR to BD include rapid fading
With the channel matrix of large-scale fading,WithIndicate user to the fast of BR and BR to BD
Fading matrix, DSRAnd DRDIndicate the large-scale fading diagonal matrix of K × K, NrAnd NdRespectively indicate the antenna amount of BR and BD, K
For number of users.
4. one kind is based on Rician channel Massive MIMO relay system uplink model performance analysis method, feature
It is, including following procedure:
S1, method, calculates the channel coefficient matrix for obtaining user to BR and BR to BD according to any one of the claim 1 to 3；
S2 calculates the reception signal expression obtained at BD according to the channel coefficient matrix of user to BR and BR to BD；
S3 is calculated according to signal expression is received and is obtained true real integrated rate expression；
Real integrated rate expression channel high-order statistic is expressed, obtains the closure expression formula for analyzing total rate by S4, to divide
Analyse performance.
5. according to claim 4 a kind of based on Rician channel Massive MIMO relay system uplink model
Energy analysis method, characterized in that calculate the reception signal expression process obtained at BD are as follows:
In first time slot, K user sends signal to BR；
Assuming thatIt is the transmission signal vectors of K user, and xsPower meets normalization E { xsxs H}=IK, GSRIt is to use
Family receives signal at BR to channel coefficient matrix between BR are as follows:
Wherein, the transmission power of each user is pu, nRIndicate independent identically distributed white complex gaussian noise and
It obtains receiving signal y at BRRAfterwards, it handles by maximum rate receiver signal is received, can be depended onReceiving matrixSignal y will be received againRWith depend onReceiver matrixIt is multiplied, then by simple place
The reception signal of reason may be expressed as:
Then signal x is receivedRBy power amplification at BR, the signal after power amplification can be indicated are as follows:
Here by the signal of power amplificationMeetPRIt indicates by power amplified signalPower, γ
It is the amplification factor for meeting total transmission power constraint at BR,
The amplification factor γ of the total transmission power constraint of BR are as follows:
In the second time slot, BR arbitrarily selects K antenna for forwardingArrive at the destination the reception signal at BD are as follows:
Here GRDIt is between BR to destination BD comprising rapid fading and large-scale fading NdThe channel matrix of × K, nDIt is in destination
Multiple additive white Gaussian noise at BD andIt is equally received using MRC at the BD of destination, connecing herein
Receive matrixIt relies onIt can be obtained after treatment at the BD of destination based on Rician channel Massive MIMO
The reception signal expression of relay system are as follows:
6. according to claim 4 a kind of based on Rician channel Massive MIMO relay system uplink model
Energy analysis method, characterized in that according to signal expression is received, calculate the detailed process for obtaining real integrated rate expression are as follows:
Assuming that user has perfect channel state information to BR and BR to destination BD, without carrying out channel estimation, according to upper
Formula can write out at the BD of destination k-th of user to receive signal as follows:
Assuming that user's interference is Gaussian distributed and the transmitting signal x with k-th of userS, kIt is unrelated, then available
The Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of k userk, can further obtain and realize rate RkAre as follows:
Above formula can be approximately:
It can be obtained by above formula and really realize total rate are as follows:
7. according to claim 4 a kind of based on Rician channel Massive MIMO relay system uplink model
Energy analysis method, characterized in that calculate the process for analyzing total rate are as follows:
The total rate of analysis of the Massive MIMO relay system under Rician channel are as follows:
If
,
A in above formulakIndicate power, the B of k-th of user's desired signalkIndicate the function that k-th of user is interfered by other users
Rate, CkAnd DkIt indicates noise power, uses ΔSR, k、Qki、Φki、ΔRD, k、Rki、φkiTo express Ak~Dk, can respectively indicate are as follows:
Dk=σD 2βkNd。
8. according to claim 7 a kind of based on Rician channel Massive MIMO relay system uplink model
Energy analysis method, characterized in that analyze rate expression formula in the case of other three kinds according to derived from analysis general power expression formula:
The first: is when only there are Ricean-factor when LOS path, between BR and destination BD between BR by user
For-∞ dB, i.e. εi=0, at this point, channel degradation between BR to destination BD is Rayleigh fading channel, and ΔRD, k=1, Rki=
1, can obtaining Massive MIMO relay system at this time, between BR, there are the realization in the case where LOS path is always fast when there was only user
The closure expression formula of rate is as follows:
By ΔRD, k=1, Rki=1 substitutes into, and can obtain ACase1, k、BCase1, k、CCase1, k、DCase1, kExpression formula is as follows:
DCase1, k=σD 2βkNd
Second: when there are the Ricean- in the case where LOS path, between user and BR between only BR to destination BD
Factor is-oodB, i.e. μi=0, at this point, user to channel degradation between BR be Rayleigh fading channel, and ΔSR, k=1, Qki=
1, Massive MIMO relay system can be obtained at this time when there are the realizations in the case where LOS path between only BR to destination BD
The closure expression formula of total rate is as follows:
By ΔSR, k=1, Qki=1 substitutes into, and can obtain ACase2, k、BCase2, k、CCase2, k、DCase2, kExpression formula is as follows:
DCase2, k=σD 2βkNd
The third: when between user to BR and BR to destination BD all be not present LOS path in the case where, user to BR with
Ricean-factor between BR to destination BD is-oodB, i.e. μi=0, εi=0, which is pure Rayleigh channel
Attenuation model, at this point, ΔSR, k=1, Qki=1, ΔRD, k=1, Rki=1；Massive MIMO relay system can be obtained at this time to work as
User to all there is no the closure expression formulas of the total rate of realization in the case where LOS access between BR and BR to destination BD such as
Under:
By ΔSR, k=1, Qki=1, ΔRD, k=1, Rki=1 substitutes into, and can obtain ACase3, k、BCase3, k、CCase3, k、DCase3, kExpression formula is such as
Under:
DCase3, k=σD 2βkNd。
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