CN109547079B

CN109547079B - Space division multiplexing multiple access method, device and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN109547079B
Application number: CN201710861973.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵泓毅; 戎璐; 卢磊
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-09-21
Filing date: 2017-09-21
Publication date: 2021-02-12
Anticipated expiration: 2037-09-21
Also published as: CN109547079A; WO2019056890A1

Abstract

The application discloses a space division multiplexing multiple access method, a space division multiplexing multiple access device and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the following steps: determining a first multi-antenna receiving matrix according to a parameter agreed in advance or received from a base station, wherein the parameter is used for indicating the multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station; generating an uplink precoding matrix based on the first multi-antenna receiving matrix and a channel matrix, wherein the channel matrix refers to a channel matrix between the UE and the base station; and sending an access request or data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix. According to the method and the device, the base station can flexibly and freely preset any space resource for the UE by presetting the multi-antenna receiving matrix at the base station end for the UE, so that the condition that the UE can only utilize the space resource indicated by the limited precoding matrix included by the codebook is avoided, the uplink space resource available for the UE is increased, and the number of the uplink accessed UE which can be accommodated by the base station is increased.

Description

Space division multiplexing multiple access method, device and storage medium

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a space division multiplexing multiple access method, apparatus, and storage medium.

Background

Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) is a Multiple Access technology for multiplexing spatial resources, and Multiple User Equipments (UEs) using the SDMA technology can use the same time domain, frequency domain and code domain resources to perform data transmission on different spatial resources. In the uplink of the SDMA system, the UE needs to send an access request to the base station in order to access the communication network, and then perform data transmission with the base station. Moreover, in the uplink space division multiplexing multiple access process of the UE, the UE may also perform precoding processing on the transmitted uplink signal so as to match the spatial distribution characteristic of the transmitted signal with the channel condition.

In the related art, a space division multiplexing multiple access method is provided, including: the method comprises the steps that a base station carries out channel estimation on an uplink channel between UE and the base station based on a sounding reference signal sent by the UE to obtain an uplink channel Matrix, then a Precoding Matrix which is most matched with the current uplink channel condition is selected from a Precoding codebook of the UE based on the uplink channel Matrix, the Precoding codebook comprises a plurality of Precoding matrixes which are fixedly configured, and then Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) information is sent to the UE according to the selected Precoding Matrix, wherein the PMI information is used for indicating the selected Precoding Matrix. The UE may select a corresponding precoding matrix from the stored precoding codebook according to the PMI information, and then send an access request to the base station based on the precoding matrix, so as to access the communication network where the base station is located.

In the related art, a base station needs to issue a PMI indication to each UE, which therefore needs to occupy a large amount of downlink resources, and since precoding codebooks of the UE and the base station only include a plurality of fixedly configured precoding matrices and the number of included precoding matrices is limited, for example, in practical applications, a precoding codebook only supports a precoding matrix corresponding to a maximum number of 4 layers at most, which can be selected by the UE is also limited, thereby limiting uplink space resources available for the UE and further limiting the number of uplink accessed UEs that can be accommodated by the base station.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems that the utilization rate of uplink space resources is low and the number of uplink access UEs that can be accommodated by a base station is limited in the prior art, the application provides a space division multiplexing multiple access method, a device and a storage medium. The technical scheme is as follows:

in a first aspect, a spatial division multiplexing multiple access method is provided, which is applied in a UE, and the method includes:

determining a first multi-antenna receiving matrix according to parameters agreed in advance or received from a base station, wherein the parameters are used for indicating the multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station;

generating an uplink precoding matrix based on the first multi-antenna receiving matrix and a channel matrix, wherein the channel matrix is a channel matrix between the UE and the base station;

and sending an access request to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix so as to access a communication network where the base station is located, or sending data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix.

The channel matrix refers to a channel matrix of a channel between the UE and the base station, and specifically may be a channel matrix of an uplink channel between the UE and the base station, or may also be a channel matrix of a downlink channel between the UE and the base station, or may also be an uplink channel matrix obtained by converting a downlink channel matrix according to channel reciprocity.

That is, the UE may generate an uplink precoding matrix matched with a multi-antenna receiving matrix at a base station end preset by the base station according to the configuration of the base station, and then send an access request or data to the base station based on the generated uplink precoding matrix to perform access or data transmission. By presetting the multi-antenna receiving matrix at the base station end for the UE, the base station can flexibly and freely preset any space resource for the UE, thereby avoiding that the UE can only utilize the space resource indicated by the limited precoding matrix included by the codebook, increasing the uplink space resource available for the UE and further increasing the number of the UE which can be accommodated by the base station and has uplink access. In the process, the base station does not need to send the PMI indication to the UE, and downlink resources are saved.

In a specific implementation, the parameter agreed in advance is a parameter preconfigured by the base station for the UE, or a parameter agreed by a protocol in advance between the base station and the UE. The parameters agreed by the protocol in advance may be agreed by the base station and the UE directly in the protocol in the form of a table or a formula, etc. The parameters pre-configured by the base station for the UE may be configured by the base station by sending configuration information to the UE.

In another embodiment, before generating the uplink precoding matrix based on the multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix, the method further includes:

receiving a reference signal sent by the base station, wherein the reference signal is a reference signal capable of assisting the UE in channel estimation;

and performing channel estimation on a downlink channel between the UE and the base station based on the reference signal to obtain the channel matrix.

The channel estimation refers to estimating model parameters of a channel model corresponding to the downlink channel according to the reference signal, and determining the downlink channel matrix according to the estimated model parameters, wherein the model parameters are model parameters for determining the corresponding channel matrix.

According to the embodiment of the invention, for a TDD system, a downlink channel matrix obtained by performing channel estimation on a downlink channel can be converted into an uplink channel matrix according to channel reciprocity, and then an uplink pre-coding matrix is generated according to the uplink channel matrix, so that the uplink channel between a base station and each UE can be prevented from being measured, and the time overhead and the calculation overhead of the base station for channel estimation are reduced.

In a specific implementation, generating an uplink precoding matrix based on the first multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix includes:

determining a second multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the stored configuration layer number, the channel matrix and the first multi-antenna receiving matrix;

wherein the number of configuration layers is used to indicate the number of data streams allowed to be transmitted by the UE, the second multi-antenna receiving matrix is composed of L designated column vectors of a plurality of column vectors included in the first multi-antenna receiving matrix, the L corresponds to the number of configuration layers, the L designated column vectors are L column vectors corresponding to a maximum designated two-norm among any L column vectors included in the plurality of column vectors, and the designated two-norm is a two-norm of a matrix obtained by multiplying a transpose matrix of the composed matrix by the channel matrix;

and determining the transpose matrix of a matrix obtained by multiplying the transpose matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix as the uplink precoding matrix.

Specifically, the UE may select a sub-matrix from the first multi-antenna receiving matrix as the second multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the number of configured layers, where the selected sub-matrix is a sub-matrix with a largest two-norm of a matrix obtained by multiplying a transpose matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by a channel matrix, and then may determine the transpose matrix of the matrix obtained by multiplying the transpose matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix, that is, a transmission matrix at a transmitting end, as the uplink precoding matrix. Therefore, the energy of the transmission matrix for sending the access request or the data can be ensured to be maximum, the loss of the access request or the data in the transmission process is minimum, and the transmission effect is best.

In a specific implementation, before determining the transpose matrix of the matrix obtained by multiplying the transpose matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix as the uplink precoding matrix, the method further includes:

and when the second norm of a matrix obtained by multiplying the transposed matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix is greater than a preset second norm threshold, executing a step of determining the transposed matrix of the matrix obtained by multiplying the transposed matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix as the uplink precoding matrix.

That is, the base station may set a minimum access threshold, that is, a preset two-norm threshold, according to an actual transmission condition, and send the access request or the data only when the second multi-antenna receiving matrix determined by the UE satisfies the minimum access threshold.

The preset two-norm threshold may be determined according to link quality and cell load, or may be determined according to the number of users that can be accommodated in the cell in which the UE is located and a user distribution model, or determined by performing long-term statistics on the scheduling conditions of the users in the cell in which the UE is located, or set by a technician according to experience.

In a specific implementation, the determining a first multi-antenna receiving matrix according to a parameter agreed in advance or received from a base station includes:

determining the first multi-antenna receiving matrix from at least one multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station, wherein the at least one multi-antenna receiving matrix is agreed in advance or received from the base station; or,

and generating the first multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station and at least one expected receiving matrix generation rule, wherein the at least one expected receiving matrix generation rule is agreed in advance or received from the base station.

That is, when the UE determines the first multi-antenna receiving matrix according to the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station, the UE may specifically select the first multi-antenna receiving matrix from at least one multi-antenna receiving matrix according to the configuration parameter of the base station, or may generate the first multi-antenna receiving matrix according to the configuration parameter and the generation rule.

In a specific implementation, the generating the first multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station and at least one expected receiving matrix generation rule agreed in advance or received from the base station includes:

determining a target parameter based on the pre-agreed or received parameters from the base station, the target parameter being a parameter used for generating the first multi-antenna reception matrix;

determining a target expected reception matrix generation rule based on the at least one expected reception matrix generation rule, the target expected reception matrix generation rule being an expected reception matrix generation rule used to generate the first multi-antenna reception matrix;

generating the first multi-antenna reception matrix based on the target parameters and the target expected reception matrix generation rule.

In a specific implementation, the determining a target parameter based on the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station includes:

when the parameters agreed in advance or received from the base station comprise parameters corresponding to different time-frequency resources, determining parameters corresponding to target time-frequency resources from the parameters corresponding to the different time-frequency resources, wherein the target time-frequency resources refer to the time-frequency resources used for currently applying to access or send data;

and determining the target parameters based on the parameters corresponding to the target time-frequency resources.

Because the parameters include parameters corresponding to different time-frequency resources, the parameters do not need to be configured frequently by the base station, and the first multi-antenna receiving matrix generated based on the parameters can be changed dynamically with time, that is, the base station can preset different multi-antenna receiving matrices for the UE at different times, thereby avoiding the conflict of the UE on space resources and further increasing the number of the UE which can be accommodated by the base station and has uplink access.

In a specific implementation, the determining the target parameter based on the parameter corresponding to the target time-frequency resource includes:

when the parameters corresponding to the target time-frequency resources comprise parameters corresponding to at least one layer, determining a target layer corresponding to the target time-frequency resources based on a layer mapping rule, wherein the layer mapping rule is used for indicating a mapping relation between the time-frequency resources and the layers;

and selecting the parameters corresponding to the target layer from the parameters corresponding to the at least one layer, and determining the selected parameters as the target parameters.

In a specific implementation, the selecting a parameter corresponding to the target layer from the parameters corresponding to the at least one layer includes:

when the parameter corresponding to the at least one layer is a pseudo-random sequence construction parameter, constructing a plurality of random numbers according to a pseudo-random sequence construction rule agreed in advance or received from the base station based on the pseudo-random sequence construction parameter;

selecting at least one random number from the plurality of random numbers based on the target layer according to a pre-agreed access rule or an access rule received from the base station;

and determining at least one selected random number as a parameter corresponding to the target layer.

Because the data volume of the pseudo-random sequence construction parameters is far smaller than the specific parameters, the data volume transmitted in the system can be greatly reduced by indicating the multi-antenna receiving matrix according to the pseudo-random sequence construction parameters, and the system burden is further reduced.

In a specific implementation, the determining a target expected reception matrix generation rule based on the at least one expected reception matrix generation rule includes:

when the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station includes index information of the target expected reception matrix generation rule, determining the target expected reception matrix generation rule from the at least one expected reception matrix generation rule based on the index information.

The target expected receiving matrix generation rule is configured through the index information, so that the dynamic configuration of the target expected receiving matrix generation rule is realized, and the flexibility of generating the first multi-antenna receiving matrix is improved.

In a particular implementation, the at least one expected receive matrix generation rule comprises an N-dimensional matrix;

the column vectors in the N-dimensional matrix are orthogonal pairwise, the N-dimensional matrix comprises N-1 variable parameters, each variable parameter is used for indicating a rotation angle of the corresponding column vector, and N is a positive integer.

In a particular implementation, the at least one expected receive matrix generation rule includes an N-dimensional initial orthogonal basis and a transformation rule;

the transformation rule is used for indicating that at least one vector element in the initial orthogonal base is transformed based on the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station, and schmitt orthogonalization is performed on the transformed initial orthogonal base to obtain the first multi-antenna receiving matrix, wherein N is a positive integer.

Because the N-dimensional matrix and the two expected receiving matrix generation rules of the N-dimensional initial orthogonal basis and the transformation rule can generate the multi-antenna receiving matrix covering all directions of the space, the full utilization of the space resources can be realized by utilizing the two expected receiving matrix generation rules.

In another embodiment, before sending an access request or data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix, the method further includes:

judging whether the UE meets a preset condition;

and when the UE meets the preset condition, executing a step of sending an access request or data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix.

In a specific implementation, the determining whether the UE meets a preset condition includes at least one of the following manners:

judging whether the transmitting power of the UE is greater than a preset transmitting power or not, and determining that the UE meets the preset condition when the transmitting power of the UE is greater than the preset transmitting power;

judging whether the fairness parameter of the UE is larger than a first parameter threshold and smaller than a second parameter threshold, and determining that the UE meets the preset condition when the fairness parameter of the UE is larger than the first parameter threshold and smaller than the second parameter threshold, wherein the fairness parameter is the ratio of the uplink throughput rate to the maximum transmission rate within a first preset time length before the current time; or,

judging whether a second norm of a matrix obtained by multiplying a transposed matrix of a second multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix is greater than a preset second norm threshold value, when the second norm of the matrix obtained by multiplying the transposed matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix is greater than the preset second norm threshold value, determining that the UE meets the preset condition, wherein the second multi-antenna receiving matrix is determined based on the number of configuration layers of the UE, the channel matrix and the first multi-antenna receiving matrix, and the number of the configuration layers is used for indicating the number of data streams allowed to be transmitted by the UE.

The first parameter threshold and the second parameter threshold are determined by comprehensively considering the fairness access condition of the UE, for example, the first parameter threshold and the second parameter threshold may be determined by long-term statistics of the scheduling condition of the user in the cell where the UE is located by the base station, or may be set by a technician according to experience.

In the embodiment of the invention, the UE can automatically judge whether to apply uplink access according to the configured constraint condition by configuring the constraint condition for the UE, so that the UE can have certain autonomous participation right, and the flexibility of UE access is improved.

In a specific implementation, the access request includes data, and the access request is used to request to access a communication network where the base station is located and send data to the communication network where the base station is located. That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, data may also be directly transmitted through the access request.

In another embodiment, before sending an access request to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix, the method further includes:

when the access request contains data, adding a first orthogonal sequence at a preset position of an application sequence of the access request and/or adding a second orthogonal sequence in the data;

wherein the first orthogonal sequence and the second orthogonal sequence correspond to each other and are both used for identifying the UE.

By adding the orthogonal sequence in the access request sent by the UE, the base station can distinguish users conveniently according to the orthogonal sequence, and can realize multiplexing on a code domain in the same space direction, increase the number of users which can be accommodated in the same space direction and improve the communication efficiency.

In another embodiment, the method further comprises:

when authorization indication information sent by the base station is received within a second preset time length after the access request is sent to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix, accessing a communication network where the base station is located or accessing the communication network where the base station is located and sending data to the communication network where the base station is located, wherein the authorization indication information is used for indicating that the UE is allowed to access;

the base station determines and sends the authorization indication information based on the number of the UE applying for access, the number of the UE allowed to access and fairness parameters of each UE applying for access in the direction corresponding to the first multi-antenna receiving matrix, wherein the fairness parameters refer to the ratio of the uplink throughput rate and the maximum transmission rate within a second preset time length before the current time.

The base station determines the authorized UE according to the fairness parameter of each UE, so that each UE has the opportunity of fair access and the phenomenon of starvation or channel monopolizing is avoided.

In another embodiment, the method further comprises:

when the authorization indication information is not received within the second preset time after the access request is sent to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix, executing at least one of the following steps:

determining that the UE fails to access, and updating fairness parameters of the UE;

after delaying a third preset time, retransmitting an access request to the base station; or,

and improving the access priority of the UE, wherein the access priority is used for indicating the success rate of the UE access.

In a specific implementation, the increasing the access priority of the UE includes at least one of the following manners:

increasing the transmit power of the UE;

reducing the number of layers selected by the UE;

an orthogonal sequence is added to the application sequence of the access request to be transmitted.

When the UE is not allowed to access, the user conflict can be further solved by giving up the access, delaying the access or improving the access priority and then accessing, and the access success rate of the UE is improved.

In a second aspect, a space division multiplexing multiple access method is provided, which is applied in a base station, and the method includes:

sending parameters to at least one User Equipment (UE), determining a first multi-antenna receiving matrix by each UE in the at least one UE based on the received parameters, generating an uplink precoding matrix based on the determined first multi-antenna receiving matrix and a channel matrix, and sending an access request or data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix to access a communication network where the base station is located, or sending data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix;

the parameter is used for indicating a multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station, and the channel matrix is a channel matrix between each UE and the base station.

That is, the base station may preset a multi-antenna receiving matrix at the base station end for the UE, and the UE may generate a precoding matrix matched with the multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station according to the configuration of the base station, and then send an access request or data to the base station based on the generated precoding matrix to perform access or perform data transmission. By presetting the multi-antenna receiving matrix at the base station end for the UE, the base station can flexibly and freely preset any space resource for the UE, thereby avoiding that the UE can only utilize the space resource indicated by the limited precoding matrix included by the codebook, increasing the uplink space resource available for the UE and further increasing the number of the UE which can be accommodated by the base station and has uplink access. In addition, the base station does not need to send the PMI indication to the UE in the process, and downlink resources are saved.

In another embodiment, before the sending the parameters to the at least one UE, the method further includes:

and sending a reference signal to the at least one UE, and performing channel estimation on a downlink channel between each UE of the at least one UE and the base station based on the received reference signal to obtain the channel matrix.

The UE is convenient to estimate a downlink channel to obtain a downlink channel matrix by sending a reference signal capable of assisting the UE in channel estimation to the UE, and the downlink channel matrix is converted into an uplink channel matrix according to channel reciprocity, so that the feedback overhead of the uplink channel matrix in the system can be reduced.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention,

after the sending the parameters to the at least one UE, the method further includes:

determining at least one first multi-antenna reception matrix based on the parameters transmitted to the at least one UE;

detecting in the direction corresponding to the at least one first multi-antenna receiving matrix to determine the number of UE applying for access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix;

determining fairness parameters of UE applying for access in the direction of each first multi-antenna receiving matrix and the number of UE allowed to be accessed in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix;

determining UE which is allowed to be accessed in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the number of UE which applies for access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix, the fairness parameter of each UE which applies for access and the number of UE which is allowed to be accessed;

and sending authorization indication information to the UE which is allowed to be accessed in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix, wherein the authorization indication information is used for indicating that the corresponding UE is allowed to be accessed.

The user conflict can be avoided, each UE can have the opportunity of fair access, and the phenomenon of starvation or channel monopolization is avoided.

In a specific implementation, the determining, based on the number of UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix, the number of UEs allowed to access, and the fairness parameter of each UE, the UEs allowed to access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix includes:

when the number of UE applying access in the direction corresponding to a target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is less than or equal to the number of UE allowing access, determining all UE applying access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix as UE allowing access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix, wherein the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is any one of the at least one first multi-antenna receiving matrix;

when the number of the UE applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is larger than the number of the UE allowing access, M pieces of UE with fairness parameters in the UE applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix ordered in front or behind are determined as the UE allowing access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix, wherein M is equal to the number of the UE allowing access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix.

In another embodiment, the method further comprises:

when the number of the UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is greater than the number of the UEs allowing access, for the UEs not allowing access in the UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix, sending conflict resolution indication information to the UEs not allowing access, where the conflict resolution indication information is used to indicate the corresponding UEs to perform at least one of the following manners:

determining current access failure and updating fairness parameters;

after delaying a third preset time, sending an access request to the base station again; or,

and improving the access priority of the corresponding UE, wherein the access priority is used for indicating the success rate of the access of the corresponding UE.

In a specific implementation, the increasing the access priority of the corresponding UE includes at least one of the following manners:

improving the transmitting power of the corresponding UE;

reducing the number of layers selected by the corresponding UE; or,

For the UE which is not authorized to access, the UE is indicated to give up the access, delay the access or improve the access priority and then access, and the like, so that the user conflict can be further solved, and the access success rate of the UE is improved.

In a third aspect, a space division multiplexing multiple access apparatus is provided, where the space division multiplexing multiple access apparatus has a function of implementing the space division multiplexing multiple access method behavior in the first aspect. The sdma apparatus includes at least one module, where the at least one module is configured to implement the sdma method according to the first aspect.

Specifically, the space division multiplexing multiple access apparatus includes:

the device comprises a determining module, a judging module and a judging module, wherein the determining module is used for determining a first multi-antenna receiving matrix according to a parameter agreed in advance or received from a base station, and the parameter is used for indicating the multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station;

a generating module, configured to generate an uplink precoding matrix based on the first multi-antenna receiving matrix and a channel matrix, where the channel matrix is a channel matrix between the UE and the base station;

and the sending module is used for sending an access request to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix so as to access a communication network where the base station is located, or sending data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix.

Through the space division multiplexing multiple access device, the base station can preset a multi-antenna receiving matrix at the base station end for the UE, the UE can generate a precoding matrix matched with the multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station according to the configuration of the base station, and then sends an access request or data to the base station based on the generated precoding matrix so as to carry out access or data transmission. By presetting the multi-antenna receiving matrix at the base station end for the UE, the base station can flexibly and freely preset any space resource for the UE, thereby avoiding that the UE can only utilize the space resource indicated by the limited precoding matrix included by the codebook, increasing the uplink space resource available for the UE and further increasing the number of the UE which can be accommodated by the base station and has uplink access. In addition, the base station does not need to send the PMI indication to the UE in the process, and downlink resources are saved.

In another embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:

a receiving module, configured to receive a reference signal sent by the base station, where the reference signal is a reference signal capable of assisting the UE in channel estimation;

and the channel estimation module is used for performing channel estimation on a downlink channel between the UE and the base station based on the reference signal to obtain the channel matrix.

In a specific implementation, the generating module includes:

a first determining unit, configured to determine a second multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the stored number of configuration layers, the channel matrix, and the first multi-antenna receiving matrix;

a second determining unit, configured to determine a transpose matrix of a matrix obtained by multiplying the transpose matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix as the uplink precoding matrix.

In a specific implementation, the generating module further includes:

and a triggering unit, configured to trigger the second determining unit to determine the transpose matrix of the matrix obtained by multiplying the transpose matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix as the uplink precoding matrix when a two-norm of the matrix obtained by multiplying the transpose matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix is greater than a preset two-norm threshold.

In a specific implementation, the determining module includes:

a third determining unit, configured to determine the first multi-antenna receiving matrix from at least one multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station, where the at least one multi-antenna receiving matrix is agreed in advance or received from the base station; or,

a generating unit, configured to generate the first multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station and at least one expected receiving matrix generation rule, where the at least one expected receiving matrix generation rule is agreed in advance or received from the base station.

In a specific implementation, the generating unit includes:

a first determining subunit, configured to determine a target parameter based on the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station, where the target parameter is a parameter used for generating the first multi-antenna receiving matrix;

a second determining subunit, configured to determine a target expected reception matrix generation rule based on the at least one expected reception matrix generation rule, where the target expected reception matrix generation rule is an expected reception matrix generation rule used for generating the first multi-antenna reception matrix;

a generating subunit, configured to generate the first multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the target parameter and the target expected receiving matrix generation rule.

In a specific implementation, the first determining subunit is configured to:

In a specific implementation, the second determining subunit is configured to:

In a specific implementation, the apparatus further comprises:

the judging module is used for judging whether the UE meets a preset condition;

and the triggering module is used for triggering the sending module to send an access request or data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix when the UE meets the preset condition.

In a specific implementation, the determining module is configured to perform at least one of the following manners:

judging whether the fairness parameter of the UE is larger than a first parameter threshold and smaller than a second parameter threshold, and determining that the UE meets the preset condition when the fairness parameter of the UE is larger than the first parameter threshold and smaller than the second parameter threshold, wherein the fairness parameter is the ratio of the uplink throughput rate to the maximum transmission rate within a first preset time length before the current time;

In a specific implementation, the access request includes data, and the access request is used to request to access a communication network where the base station is located and send data to the base station.

In a specific implementation, the apparatus further comprises:

an adding module, configured to add a first orthogonal sequence at a preset position of an application sequence of the access request and/or add a second orthogonal sequence in the data when the access request includes data;

In a specific implementation, the apparatus further comprises:

the access module is used for accessing a communication network where the base station is located or accessing the communication network where the base station is located and sending data to the communication network where the base station is located when authorization indication information sent by the base station is received within a second preset time after the access request is sent to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix, wherein the authorization indication information is used for indicating that the UE is allowed to access;

In a specific implementation, the apparatus further comprises:

an executing module, configured to execute at least one of the following steps when the authorization indication information is not received within the second preset time period after the uplink precoding matrix is used to send the access request to the base station:

increasing the transmit power of the UE;

reducing the number of layers selected by the UE; or,

In a fourth aspect, a space division multiple access apparatus is provided, which has a function of implementing the space division multiple access method behavior described in the second aspect above. The space division multiplexing multiple access apparatus includes at least one module, and the at least one module is configured to implement the space division multiplexing multiple access method provided by the second aspect.

a sending module, configured to send parameters to at least one UE, determine, by each UE of the at least one UE, a first multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the received parameters, generate an uplink precoding matrix based on the determined first multi-antenna receiving matrix and a channel matrix, and send an access request or data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix to access a communication network where the base station is located, or send data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix;

In a specific implementation, the sending module is further configured to:

In a specific implementation, the apparatus further comprises:

a first determining module for determining at least one first multi-antenna reception matrix based on the parameters transmitted to the at least one UE;

a detection module, configured to perform detection in a direction corresponding to the at least one first multi-antenna receiving matrix, so as to determine the number of UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix;

a second determining module, configured to determine fairness parameters of UEs applying for access in the direction of each first multi-antenna receive matrix and the number of UEs allowed to access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receive matrix;

a third determining module, configured to determine, based on the number of UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix, the fairness parameter of each UE applying for access, and the number of UEs allowed to access, UEs allowed to access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix;

the sending module is further configured to send authorization indication information to the UE allowed to access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix, where the authorization indication information is used to indicate that the corresponding UE is allowed to access.

In a specific implementation, the third determining module includes:

a first determining unit, configured to determine, when the number of UEs applying for access in a direction corresponding to a target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is less than or equal to the number of UEs allowing access, all UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix as UEs allowing access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix, where the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is any one of the at least one first multi-antenna receiving matrix;

a second determining unit, configured to, when the number of UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is greater than the number of UEs allowing access, determine M UEs having fairness parameters sorted in front or behind the UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix as the UEs allowing access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix, where M is equal to the number of UEs allowing access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix.

In a specific implementation, the sending module is further configured to, when the number of UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is greater than the number of UEs allowing access, send conflict resolution indication information to the UEs not allowing access, for the UEs not allowing access in the UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix, where the conflict resolution indication information is used to indicate the corresponding UE to perform at least one of the following manners:

determining current access failure and updating fairness parameters;

improving the transmitting power of the corresponding UE;

reducing the number of layers selected by the corresponding UE; or,

In a fifth aspect, a space division multiplexing multiple access apparatus is provided, where the space division multiplexing multiple access apparatus includes a processor and a memory, and the memory is used to store a program that supports the space division multiplexing multiple access apparatus to perform the space division multiplexing multiple access method provided in the first aspect, and store data used to implement the space division multiplexing multiple access method provided in the first aspect. The processor is configured to execute programs stored in the memory. The operating means of the memory device may further comprise a communication bus for establishing a connection between the processor and the memory.

A sixth aspect provides a space division multiplexing multiple access apparatus, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used for storing a program for supporting the space division multiplexing multiple access apparatus to execute the space division multiplexing multiple access method provided by the second aspect, and storing data used for realizing the space division multiplexing multiple access method provided by the second aspect. The processor is configured to execute programs stored in the memory. The operating means of the memory device may further comprise a communication bus for establishing a connection between the processor and the memory.

In a seventh aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions, which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the space division multiple access method of the first aspect.

In an eighth aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions, which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the space division multiple access method of the second aspect described above.

In a ninth aspect, there is provided a computer program product containing instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the space division multiple access method of the first aspect described above.

A tenth aspect provides a computer program product containing instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the space division multiple access method of the second aspect described above.

The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought is:

in the embodiment of the invention, the base station can preset a multi-antenna receiving matrix for the UE, the UE can generate an uplink precoding matrix matched with the multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station according to the configuration parameters of the base station, and then sends an uplink signal to the base station based on the generated uplink precoding matrix. By presetting the multi-antenna receiving matrix, the base station can flexibly and freely preset any space resource for the UE, thereby avoiding that the UE can only utilize the space resource indicated by the limited precoding matrix included by the codebook, increasing the uplink space resource available for the UE and further increasing the number of the UE which can be accommodated by the base station and has uplink access. Moreover, the base station does not need to send PMI information to the UE, thereby saving downlink resources.

Drawings

Fig. 1A is a schematic diagram of a MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1B is a schematic diagram of space division multiple access provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1C is a schematic structural diagram of a UE according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1D is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1E is a flowchart of a space division multiplexing multiple access method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 1F is a diagram illustrating transmission of parameters via SIB according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1G is a schematic structural diagram of beams corresponding to different frequency domain resources according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1H is a schematic diagram of adding an orthogonal sequence to an access request according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2A is a flow chart of another space division multiple access method provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2B is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between a number of layers and a coverage area of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3A is a block diagram of a spatial division multiplexing multiple access apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3B is a block diagram of another sdma apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3C is a schematic structural diagram of a second generating module 302 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3D is a schematic structural diagram of another generation module 302 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3E is a schematic structural diagram of a determining module 301 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3F is a block diagram of another sdma apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3G is a block diagram of another sdma apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3H is a block diagram of another sdma apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3I is a block diagram of another sdma apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4A is a block diagram of a spatial division multiplexing multiple access apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4B is a block diagram of another sdma apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4C is a schematic structural diagram of a third determining module 405 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Before describing the space division multiplexing multiple access method provided by the embodiment of the present invention in detail, an application scenario of the embodiment of the present invention is first described.

The embodiment of the invention is applied to an uplink access scene or an uplink data transmission scene of the UE. Specifically, the UE may send an access request to the base station after powering on or performing cell handover, to attempt to access the network, so as to establish a basic signaling connection with the communication network where the base station is located. In addition, after successfully accessing the communication network where the base station is located, the UE may also send data to the base station as needed, that is, perform uplink data transmission with the base station. For example, the uplink Access scenario may be a Random Access Channel (RACH) based Random Access scenario.

After the application scenario of the embodiment of the present invention is described, an implementation environment of the embodiment of the present invention will be described next.

The embodiment of the invention is applied to a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system, wherein the MIMO system is a communication system which realizes information receiving and sending by using an MIMO technology. The MIMO technology is to use a plurality of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas at a transmitting end and a receiving end, respectively, so that signals are transmitted and received through the plurality of antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby improving communication quality. The MIMO technology can fully utilize space resources, realize multiple sending and multiple receiving through a plurality of antennas, and improve the system channel capacity by times under the condition of not increasing frequency spectrum resources and antenna transmitting power.

Further, the MIMO system may be a Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, and in the TDD MIMO system, channel reciprocity of uplink and downlink channels may be utilized.

It should be noted that, the space division multiplexing multiple access method provided in the embodiment of the present invention is specifically applied to an uplink of a MIMO system, where a transmitting end is a UE and a receiving end is a base station. Moreover, the base station is a multi-antenna base station, and the UE may be a multi-antenna UE or a single-antenna UE, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 1A is a schematic diagram of a MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1A, the MIMO system includes a plurality of UEs 10 and a base station 20, and the plurality of UEs 10 may send an access request to the base station 20 to request for accessing a communication network where the base station 20 is located, or send data to the base station 20 for uplink data transmission. The UE10 has multiple antennas through which signals can be transmitted, and the base station 20 also has multiple antennas through which signals can be received.

In the embodiment of the invention, in the MIMO system, in order to reasonably utilize the spatial resources, the UE10 may use space division multiplexing multiple access for access. Specifically, referring to fig. 1B, before sending a signal, the UE10 may perform coding, modulation, layer mapping, and the like on an access request or data to be sent, perform precoding processing on the processed access request or data, and then send the precoded access request or data to the base station 20 through multiple antennas, where the base station 20 may receive the access request or data sent by the UE10 through the multiple antennas, and then perform decoding, demodulation, and the like on the received access request or data to obtain the actual signal content sent by the UE 10.

It should be noted that fig. 1A only illustrates that the MIMO system includes one UE, and in practical application, the MIMO system may include multiple UEs, and the multiple UEs may be multi-antenna UEs or single-antenna UEs, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

After briefly introducing the application scenario and implementation environment of the embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the UE related to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1C.

Fig. 1C is a schematic structural diagram of a UE according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1C, the UE includes at least one processor 101, a communication bus 102, a memory 103, and at least one communication interface 104.

The processor 101 may be a general-purpose Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more ics for controlling the execution of programs in accordance with the present invention.

The communication bus 102 may include a path that conveys information between the aforementioned components.

The Memory 103 may be a Read-Only Memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a Random Access Memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), a Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM) or other optical Disc storage, optical Disc storage (including Compact Disc, laser Disc, optical Disc, digital versatile Disc, blu-ray Disc, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to these. The memory 103 may be self-contained and coupled to the processor 101 via the communication bus 102. The memory 103 may also be integrated with the processor 101.

The communication interface 104 may be any device, such as a transceiver, for communicating with other devices or communication Networks, such as ethernet, Radio Access Network (RAN), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), etc.

In particular implementations, processor 101 may include one or more CPUs such as CPU0 and CPU1 shown in fig. 1C for one embodiment.

In a specific implementation, the UE may further include an output device 105 and an input device 106, as an embodiment. The output device 105 is in communication with the processor 101 and may display information in a variety of ways. For example, the output device 105 may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a Light Emitting Diode (LED) display device, a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) display device, a projector (projector), or the like. The input device 106 is in communication with the processor 101 and may receive user input in a variety of ways. For example, the input device 106 may be a keyboard, a touch screen device, or a sensing device, among others.

The UE may be a general UE or a dedicated UE. In a specific implementation, the UE may be a mobile phone, a laptop, a network server, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a tablet, a wireless UE, a communication device, or an embedded device. The embodiment of the invention does not limit the type of the UE.

The memory 103 is used for storing program codes for executing the scheme of the application, and is controlled by the processor 101 to execute. The processor 101 is used to execute program code stored in the memory 103. The UE shown in fig. 1C may implement the methods described in the embodiments of fig. 1E and 2A below by means of the processor 101 and the program code in the memory 103.

After the structure of the UE according to the embodiment of the present invention is described, the structure of the base station according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1D.

Fig. 1D is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1D, the base station mainly includes a transmitter 201, a receiver 202, a memory 203, a processor 204, and a communication bus 205. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the structure of the base station 20 shown in fig. 1D does not constitute a limitation to the base station 20, and in practical applications, the base station 20 may include more or less components than those shown, or combine some components, or arrange different components, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.

The transmitter 201 and the receiver 202 are configured to communicate with other devices, such as receiving information sent by a core network through the receiver 202, or sending information to a UE through the transmitter 201. The memory 203 may be used for storing data, such as information sent by the core network, and the memory 203 may also be used for storing one or more operating programs and/or modules for performing the sdma method.

The processor 204 is a control center of the base station 20, and the processor 204 may be a general Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more Integrated circuits for controlling the execution of programs according to embodiments of the present Application. The processor 204 may implement the sdma method provided in the embodiments below by running or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 203 and invoking data stored in the memory 203.

The communication bus 205 may include a path that transfers information between the processor 204 and the memory 203.

Fig. 1E is a flowchart of a space division multiplexing multiple access method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where interaction subjects of the method are a base station and a UE, and as shown in fig. 1E, the method includes the following steps:

step 101: the base station transmits a reference signal to at least one UE, wherein the reference signal is capable of assisting the UE in channel estimation.

Specifically, the Reference Signal may be a Cell Reference Signal (CRS), a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), or a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), or may be a Reference Signal designed for the communication system separately and dedicated to assist the UE in Channel Estimation of the downlink Channel, such as a Channel Estimation Reference Signal (CE-RS) or a Mobility Measurement Reference Signal (MRS).

It should be noted that, the embodiment of the present invention is only an example in which the base station sends the reference signal to the UE, and in practical application, the base station may also send other physical signals with a channel estimation function to the UE, so that the UE performs channel estimation on a downlink channel between the UE and the base station according to the physical signals.

The form of sending the reference signal or other physical signals to the UE by the base station may be unicast, multicast, broadcast, or the like, and the sending form is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

Step 102: and the UE receives the reference signal, and performs channel estimation on a downlink channel between the UE and the base station based on the reference signal to obtain a channel matrix.

The UE is any one of the at least one UE, that is, each UE of the at least one UE may process according to a processing method of the UE.

The channel estimation refers to estimating model parameters of a certain assumed channel model according to a received signal, and determining a channel matrix for transmitting the signal according to the estimated model parameters. In the embodiment of the present invention, the model parameters of the channel model corresponding to the downlink channel may be estimated according to the reference signal, and the downlink channel matrix may be determined according to the estimated model parameters, where the model parameters are model parameters for determining the corresponding channel matrix.

Specifically, a downlink channel matrix may be obtained by performing channel estimation on a downlink channel, and the downlink channel matrix is used to indicate a channel condition of the downlink channel. In the embodiment of the present invention, the UE may convert a downlink channel matrix obtained by performing channel estimation on a downlink channel into an uplink channel matrix according to the characteristic of channel reciprocity, and then perform the following steps according to the uplink channel matrix. Specifically, the manner of converting the downlink channel matrix into the uplink channel matrix may be: and determining the downlink channel matrix as an uplink channel matrix, or performing matrix transposition and other processing on the downlink channel matrix to obtain the uplink channel matrix. Of course, the downlink channel matrix may be directly utilized without converting the downlink channel matrix into the uplink channel matrix.

In practical applications, different calculation models for performing channel estimation on different physical signals may be different, and therefore, in the process of performing channel estimation, the calculation model for performing channel estimation on the physical signal may be determined first, and then channel estimation may be performed on the downlink channel according to the physical signal and the corresponding calculation model.

It should be noted that precoding refers to signal processing for mapping data onto multiple transmit antennas before transmitting data, so as to further improve the throughput of the system, and particularly needs to be implemented by using a precoding matrix. Furthermore, before precoding the uplink signal, it is usually necessary to acquire an uplink channel matrix first, so as to perform preprocessing on the signal to be transmitted by using the channel state information.

In the prior art, the uplink channel matrix is usually obtained by the base station performing channel estimation on the uplink channel according to the uplink signal sent by the UE, and then feeding back the obtained uplink channel matrix to the UE, but the implementation manner in which the base station determines the uplink channel matrix and feeds back the determined uplink channel matrix to the UE will greatly increase the system feedback overhead.

In the embodiment of the invention, the UE can perform channel estimation on the downlink channel to obtain the downlink channel matrix, and then directly convert the downlink channel matrix into the uplink channel matrix according to the channel reciprocity of the uplink channel and the downlink channel, so that the UE can obtain the uplink channel matrix without the feedback of the base station, thereby greatly reducing the feedback overhead of the system.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the determination of the uplink channel matrix according to the channel reciprocity is only taken as an example for description, but in practical applications, the uplink channel matrix may also be determined in other manners, for example, the base station performs channel estimation on the uplink channel according to the uplink signal sent by the UE, and then feeds back the uplink channel matrix to the UE.

Step 103: and the base station sends parameters to the at least one UE, and the parameters are used for generating a multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station.

The multi-antenna receiving matrix is a multi-antenna receiving beam direction matrix of the base station end and is used for indicating the spatial direction of the base station for receiving the uplink signal. In the embodiment of the present invention, the base station is a receiving end in the uplink transmission process, and is a receiving end configured with multiple antennas, so that the matrix of the receiving direction of the base station is referred to as a multi-antenna receiving matrix.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the base station may preset a multi-antenna receiving matrix for the at least one UE, and may send a parameter to the at least one UE, so that each UE determines, according to the received parameter, the multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station for the UE. Or the UE may store the received parameters and determine, at an appropriate time, a multi-antenna reception matrix preset for the UE by the base station based on the stored parameters. Alternatively, the UE may also agree with the base station for parameters in advance, and determine the multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station for the UE based on the agreed parameters in advance at an appropriate time.

The UE can conveniently access to the space resources indicated by the multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station or transmit uplink data by determining the multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station for the UE. And, the base station can also receive in the direction of the preset multi-antenna receiving matrix. That is, the preset multi-antenna receiving matrix is the multi-antenna receiving matrix expected by the base station.

The base station can flexibly and freely preset any space resource for the UE by presetting the multi-antenna receiving matrix of the base station end for the UE, thereby increasing the uplink space resource available for the UE, avoiding the condition that the UE can only utilize the space resource indicated by the limited precoding matrix included by the codebook, improving the utilization rate of the uplink space resource and further increasing the number of the uplink accessed UE which can be accommodated by the base station. In addition, by receiving in the direction of the preset multi-antenna receiving matrix, the UE is prevented from feeding back the information of the used precoding matrix to the base station, thereby further reducing the feedback overhead of the system and realizing the utilization of space resources in an open-loop mode.

The parameter may be an index parameter for indicating a multi-antenna reception matrix preset for the UE from a group of multi-antenna reception matrices, or the parameter may be a generation parameter for generating a multi-antenna reception matrix preset for the UE according to a specific preset matrix generation rule. In practical applications, the index parameter may be an index parameter agreed according to a protocol, and the generation parameter may be a parameter that can be expressed according to a formula or a rule agreed according to the protocol.

Further, the parameters may include parameters corresponding to different time-frequency resources, where the different time-frequency resources refer to time-frequency resources that can be used by the UE to send the access request or send data. Specifically, the parameters corresponding to different time-frequency resources may include parameters corresponding to different time-domain resources and different frequency-domain resources, respectively, or parameters corresponding to different time-domain resources and the same frequency-domain resources. That is, the parameters may include a plurality of specific parameters, and the time domains corresponding to the specific parameters are different, and the corresponding frequency domains may be the same or different.

Because the parameters can include parameters corresponding to different time-frequency resources, the parameters can be configured without frequent configuration of the base station, and the UE can determine the multi-antenna receiving matrix corresponding to different moments according to the parameters through one-time configuration. That is, the multi-antenna receive matrix determined based on the parameter may be dynamically changed over time. By configuring parameters corresponding to different time-frequency resources in the parameters, the base station can preset different multi-antenna receiving matrixes for the UE at different time, thereby avoiding the conflict of the UE on the space resources and further increasing the number of the UE which can be accommodated by the base station and has uplink access.

Further, the parameters may include parameters corresponding to different layers (layers). For example, the parameter corresponding to each of the different time-frequency resources may include a parameter corresponding to at least one layer. Further, the parameters may further include time-frequency resource indication information and a layer mapping rule, where the time-frequency resource indication information is used to indicate a time-frequency resource that can be used for the UE to send the access request or the data, and the layer mapping rule is used to indicate a mapping relationship between the time-frequency resource and the layers, that is, to indicate the number of layers corresponding to different time-frequency resources.

The number of layers determined according to the layer mapping function is related to the number of antennas which can be currently utilized by the base station, and is used for indicating the number of data streams which can be received by the base station, and the determined number of layers is also equal to the dimension of a multi-antenna receiving matrix preset for the UE, namely the number of rows and columns of the multi-antenna receiving matrix preset for the UE. In practical applications, the layer mapping rule may be predetermined or may be obtained by the base station. For example, the layer mapping rule may be sent to the UE by protocol convention or by configuration information.

For the UE, after receiving the parameter sent by the base station, the UE may first determine a layer corresponding to the available time-frequency resource according to the time-frequency resource indication information and the layer mapping rule included in the parameter, then determine a target parameter from parameters corresponding to different layers according to the layer corresponding to the available time-frequency resource, and then determine a multi-antenna receiving matrix preset for the UE by the base station according to the target parameter.

Further, each of the different layers may also correspond to a determined base station antenna port (port), e.g., the base station antenna port numbers corresponding to layer 4 may be port1, port2, port3, and port4, respectively. In practical applications, the correspondence between the layers and the antenna ports may be predetermined by the base station and the UE, or may be sent to the UE by the base station. For example, the layer and antenna port correspondence relationship may be agreed by a protocol between the base station and the UE, or broadcast by the base station to the UE, or the like.

Further, the parameters may include conventional parameters and/or special parameters. The conventional parameter is a parameter occupying a small amount of data, can specify a large number of preset multi-antenna receiving matrixes under a certain rule, and can be used for serving common UE. The special parameter is a parameter occupying a large amount of data, can accurately specify a specific preset multi-antenna receiving matrix, and can be used for serving a specific UE, such as a UE with a special priority.

It should be noted that the conventional parameter and the special parameter may be sent through a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) or a System Information Block (SIB), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. For example, when the parameters include the normal parameters and the special parameters, the normal parameters may be transmitted through PBCH, the special parameters may be transmitted through SIB, or both the normal parameters and the special parameters may be transmitted through SIB.

For example, referring to fig. 1F, the SIB shown in fig. 1F includes a special parameter, and the special parameter may be sent through the SIB, and the special parameter includes time-frequency resource indication information: prach-configIndex and prach-FreqOffset, layer mapping rules: layer (t) layer mapping function and parameters corresponding to different layers. The layer (t) number mapping function is a specific set layer mapping rule, and its role is to indicate how many layers the UE should take, for example, 1,2,3, etc., under the time-frequency resources determined by the prach-ConfigIndex and the prach-FreqOffset.

Further, the parameter may further include a parameter identifier indicating whether the transmitted parameter is a normal parameter or a special parameter. For example, when the parameters are transmitted through the SIB2, a parameter identification may be transmitted in the first bit of the SIB2 to indicate whether the transmitted parameters are normal parameters or special parameters.

It should be noted that, since the data amount of the normal parameter is smaller than that of the special parameter, the data amount of transmission can be greatly reduced by configuring the multi-antenna receiving matrix by sending the normal parameter. By setting two types of parameters, the total throughput rate and the fairness of uplink access coverage can be considered. The conventional parameters may cover more and more extensive UEs, but a relatively complex design is required to cover more accurately and completely, and the special parameters may be directed to some possibly missed directions, or UEs with lower fairness parameters, or UEs in other special cases.

It should be noted that the specific parameters are not required in the embodiments of the present invention. For example, for some scenarios or services, only the conventional parameters may be set, and no special parameters need to be set.

In practical application, the form of sending the parameter to the UE by the base station may be unicast, multicast, broadcast, or the like, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. The parameter may be transmitted periodically or aperiodically. For example, regular parameters may be sent periodically, and special parameters may be sent non-periodically, only when needed.

It should be further noted that, when the base station presets a multi-antenna receiving matrix for at least one UE, there may be a plurality of preset multi-antenna receiving matrices corresponding to the same time, different frequency domain resources may correspond to different preset multi-antenna receiving matrices at the same time, and the same frequency domain resource may also correspond to different layers of preset multi-antenna receiving matrices, that is, different frequency domain resources may correspond to the same layer of preset multi-antenna receiving matrices or different layers of preset multi-antenna receiving matrices. Specifically, the frequency domain resource may be a sub-bandwidth (subband), or the like.

Referring to fig. 1G, the beam set shown in fig. 1G includes two beam sets corresponding to subbands, where the solid line beam is the beam corresponding to subband1, and the dotted line beam is the beam corresponding to subband 2. Also, the same numbered beams represent sub-matrices belonging to the same preset multi-antenna reception matrix, i.e. the same numbered beams represent different sub-matrices of the same multi-antenna reception channel matrix.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the preset multi-antenna receiving matrix of different layers of different frequency domain resources (e.g., different subbands) at subsequent corresponding time points may also be changed correspondingly. Wherein the division of the frequency domain resources and the distribution of the layers may be configured by the base station. For example, PBCH and/or SIB are configured, or a protocol convention is adopted, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

Step 104: the UE determines a first multi-antenna receive matrix based on the parameters received from the base station.

The parameter is used to indicate a multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station, and the first multi-antenna receiving matrix is a multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station for the UE. Also, the first multi-antenna reception matrix may include a plurality of sub-matrices, each of which is composed of at least one column vector in the first multi-antenna reception matrix. The UE may select a sub-matrix from the first multi-antenna reception matrix to generate an uplink precoding matrix according to the selected sub-matrix.

After receiving the parameters sent by the base station, the UE may determine the first multi-antenna receiving matrix directly based on the received parameters, or may first store the received parameters locally, then acquire the locally stored parameters at a suitable time, and generate the first multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the acquired parameters.

It should be noted that, the embodiment of the present invention is only described as an example that the UE determines the first multi-antenna receiving matrix according to the parameters received from the base station, and in practical applications, the UE may also determine the first multi-antenna receiving matrix according to the parameters predetermined in advance. That is, the parameters may be predetermined or received from the base station. The transmission consumption between the base station and the UE can be reduced by presetting the parameters in advance, and downlink resources are saved.

The parameter agreed in advance may be a parameter pre-configured for the UE by the base station, or a parameter agreed by a protocol in advance between the base station and the UE, or may also be a parameter agreed in advance by other forms, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. For example, the parameters agreed in advance by the protocol may be agreed by the base station and the UE directly in the protocol by a form of table or formula, etc. The parameters pre-configured by the base station for the UE may be configured by the base station by sending configuration information to the UE.

Specifically, the UE determining the first multi-antenna receiving matrix according to the parameter may include the following two implementation manners:

the first implementation mode comprises the following steps: based on the parameters, a first multi-antenna receiving matrix is determined from at least one multi-antenna receiving matrix, wherein the at least one multi-antenna receiving matrix is predetermined in advance or received from a base station.

Wherein the at least one multi-antenna receive matrix comprises one or more multi-antenna receive matrices. The parameter may be an index parameter indicating a certain multi-antenna reception moment from the at least one multi-antenna reception matrix, and the UE may determine the multi-antenna reception matrix indicated by the index parameter as the first multi-antenna reception matrix.

The second implementation mode comprises the following steps: and generating a first multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the parameters and at least one expected receiving matrix generating rule, wherein the at least one expected receiving matrix generating rule is predetermined in advance or received from a base station.

The at least one expected receiving matrix generation rule is a preset generation rule capable of generating a multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station according to a preset parameter or a parameter sent by the base station, and is capable of generating a multi-antenna receiving matrix covering multiple directions or all directions in the space. In addition, the at least one expected receiving matrix generation rule may be obtained by the base station through configuration information transmission, or may be agreed by a protocol, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

Specifically, the at least one expected receiving matrix generation rule may be constructed by a function construction method, a schmitt orthogonal modification method, a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrix generation method, or other positive matrix generation methods. Next, the at least one expected reception matrix generation rule will be described in a function construction method and a schmitt orthogonal modification method, respectively.

1) Taking a function construction method as an example, the at least one expected receiving matrix generation rule may include an N-dimensional matrix, where column vectors in the N-dimensional matrix are orthogonal two by two, and the N-dimensional matrix includes N-1 variable parameters, each variable parameter is used to indicate a rotation angle of a corresponding column vector, and N is a positive integer.

The N-dimensional matrix may be determined based on an initial matrix, where the initial matrix is an N-dimensional identity matrix, and then N is N-1 variable parameters in the matrix, which are used to indicate a rotation angle of a corresponding column vector of the N-dimensional matrix relative to a corresponding column vector of the initial matrix.

Assume the initial matrix is W₀And is an N-dimensional identity matrix represented by the following formula (1):

the N-dimensional matrix may be:

[a_n,1 a_n,2 a_n,3 a_n,4 a_n,5 ...a_n,j... a_n,n] (2)

wherein,

as can be seen from the above specific N-dimensional matrix, the N-dimensional matrix includes N-1 variable parameters θ₁，θ₂，…，θ_n-1And any one variable parameter theta in the N-1 variable parameters_iAccording to different values, the fixed N-dimensional matrix can cover the variable parameter theta_iThe corresponding spatial dimensions range from 0 deg. -360 deg. in all directions. That is, the N-dimensional matrix is based on the N-1 variable parameters θ₁，θ₂，…，θ_n-1The multi-antenna receiving matrix covering all directions of the space can be generated by different values of the space, so that the space resources can be fully utilized.

For convenience of explanation of the principle of setting the N-dimensional matrix, the initial matrix will be described as a two-dimensional unit matrix. Assuming the initial matrix W₀Is a two-dimensional identity matrix (3) of:

as can be seen from the above, the two-dimensional identity matrix (3) is a set of orthogonal bases, that is, the column vectors in the two-dimensional identity matrix (3) are orthogonal two by two. If one of the column vectors is deflected by the angle θ, and the relative positions of the other column vectors and the column vector are not changed, all the column vectors in the two-dimensional unit matrix (3) can be deflected by the angle θ relative to all the column vectors of the initial matrix, that is, the column vectors in the deflected two-dimensional unit matrix (3) are still orthogonal two by two.

For example, if the first column vector (1, 0) is deflected by an angle θ, and the relative positions of the other column vectors and the first column vector are not changed, the following two-dimensional matrix (4) can be obtained after deflection:

because one variable parameter theta in the two-dimensional matrix (4) can be arbitrarily taken, the two-dimensional matrix (4) can generate a multi-antenna receiving matrix covering all directions of a two-dimensional space along with the difference of the values of the variable parameter theta.

Similarly, for a three-dimensional space, the following three-dimensional matrix (5) may be generated:

due to the two variable parameters theta in the three-dimensional matrix (5)₁And theta₂Can be arbitrarily chosen, therefore, with the variable parameter theta₁And theta₂And (3) generating a multi-antenna receiving matrix covering all directions of the three-dimensional space by the three-dimensional matrix (5) according to different values.

Similarly, by analogy, for an N-dimensional space, the N-dimensional matrix (2) can be generated, because of the N-1 variable parameters theta in the N-dimensional matrix (2)₁，θ₂，…，θ_n-1Can be arbitrarily chosen, therefore, with the variable parameter theta₁，θ₂，…，θ_n-1And (3) generating a multi-antenna receiving matrix covering all directions of the N-dimensional space by the N-dimensional matrix (2) according to different values.

For the expected receiving matrix generation rule corresponding to the N-dimensional matrix, the special parameter may be N-1 parameters, where the N-1 parameters are specific assignments to the N-1 variable parameters, and N is equal to the number of layers configured by the base station, that is, the number of data streams that can be received by the base station. The regular parameter may be a construction parameter of a pseudo random sequence, the pseudo random sequence may be constructed by the regular parameter, and a special parameter may be selected from the constructed pseudo random sequence according to an access rule agreed in advance or received from the base station.

2) Taking schmitt orthogonal modification method as an example, the at least one expected receiving matrix generation rule may include an initial orthogonal base with N dimensions and a transformation rule, where the transformation rule is used to instruct to transform at least one vector element in the initial orthogonal base based on the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station, and schmitt orthogonalize the transformed initial orthogonal base to obtain the first multi-antenna receiving matrix, and N is a positive integer.

The principle of constructing the expected reception matrix generation rule based on the schmitt orthogonalization modification method will be described below.

Specifically, a linearly independent set is subjected to schmitt orthogonalization, which can be changed into a set of orthogonal bases in an N-dimensional space, and the orthogonal bases are initial orthogonal bases of N dimensions. Then, if a certain vector element in the initial orthogonal base of the N dimension is replaced by other vector elements, and then Schmidt orthogonalization is carried out, another group of orthogonal bases in the N dimension space can be obtained. Therefore, only one group of initial orthogonal bases and transformation rules need to be agreed in advance, and then the base station sends parameters, so that the UE transforms one or more vector elements in the initial orthogonal bases according to the transformation rules and the parameters received from the base station, and a plurality of groups of orthogonal bases different from the initial orthogonal bases can be obtained, and the obtained orthogonal bases are the multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station.

For example, assume a linearly independent set S, as shown in equation (6) below:

S＝{v₁,v₂...,v_k} (6)

if schmitt orthogonalizing is performed on the linearly independent set S, it can be changed into a set of orthogonal bases S' in N-dimensional space as shown in the following formula (7):

S'＝{u₁,u₂...,u_k} (7)

if a certain element u'_mSubstitution of u in S_mThen another linearly independent set S can be obtained_(m)Of the formula(8) Shown in the figure:

S_(m)＝{u'_m,u₁,u₂...,u_m-1,u_m+1,...,u_k} (8)

for the above S_(m)And performing Schmidt orthogonalization to obtain another group of orthogonal bases different from S' in space. Therefore, only one group of initial orthogonal bases S 'and corresponding transformation rules need to be agreed in advance, and then the base station sends parameters, so that the UE transforms one or more vector elements in the initial orthogonal bases according to the transformation rules and the parameters received from the base station, and a plurality of groups of orthogonal bases different from the initial orthogonal bases S' can be obtained, so as to utilize any space resources.

By transforming to obtain an orthogonal basis different from the initial orthogonal basis, an orthogonal basis in an arbitrary direction different from the spatial direction indicated by the initial orthogonal basis can be obtained. Therefore, the space resources can be fully utilized, so that the space resources available for the UE are increased, and the number of the UE which can be accommodated by the base station is increased.

After the above two expected receiving matrix generating rules are explained in detail, how to generate the first multi-antenna receiving matrix according to the parameters and the at least one expected receiving matrix generating rule will be explained in detail. Specifically, the process of generating the first multi-antenna reception matrix may include the following steps 1) -3):

1) a target parameter is determined based on the parameter, the target parameter being a parameter used to generate the first multi-antenna receive matrix.

Wherein determining the target parameter based on the parameter may comprise: when the parameters comprise parameters corresponding to different time frequency resources, determining parameters corresponding to target time frequency resources from the parameters corresponding to the different time frequency resources, wherein the target time frequency resources refer to the time frequency resources used for currently applying for accessing or sending data; and determining the target parameter based on the parameter corresponding to the target time-frequency resource.

Wherein, when the parameter corresponding to the target time-frequency resource includes a parameter corresponding to at least one layer, the determining the target parameter based on the parameter corresponding to the target time-frequency resource includes: determining a target layer corresponding to the target time frequency resource based on a layer mapping rule, wherein the layer mapping rule is used for indicating a mapping relation between the time frequency resource and the layer; and selecting the parameters corresponding to the target layer from the parameters corresponding to the at least one layer, and determining the selected parameters as the target parameters.

The layer mapping rule may be predetermined or sent by the base station to the UE, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. For example, the layer mapping rule may be agreed by the base station and the UE in advance through a protocol, or sent to the UE by the base station through configuration information, where the configuration information is used to configure the layer mapping rule for the UE.

The time frequency resource used by the currently applied access or data transmission can be determined and obtained through the time frequency resource indication information configured by the base station, and the time frequency resource indication information can be sent by the base station or can be agreed in advance.

For example, assume that the parameter is a special parameter shown in fig. 1F, and the special parameter includes time-frequency resource indication information: prach-configIndex and prach-FreqOffset, layer mapping rules: layer (t) layer mapping function and parameters corresponding to different layers. If the parameters corresponding to the time-frequency resources determined based on the prach-ConfigIndex and the prach-FreqOffset are the parameters corresponding to the different layers, and the layers corresponding to the time-frequency resources determined based on the prach-ConfigIndex and the prach-FreqOffset are 2 and 4, the 2 layers and the 4 layers can be determined as target layers, the parameters corresponding to the 2 layers and the parameters corresponding to the 4 layers are respectively selected from the parameters corresponding to the different layers, and the selected parameters are determined as the target parameters.

Further, selecting the parameter corresponding to the target layer from the parameters corresponding to the at least one layer may include: when the parameter corresponding to the at least one layer is a pseudo-random sequence construction parameter, constructing a plurality of random numbers according to a pseudo-random sequence construction rule agreed in advance or sent by a base station based on the pseudo-random sequence construction parameter; selecting at least one random number from the plurality of random numbers based on the target layer according to a pre-agreed access rule or an access rule sent by the base station; and determining at least one selected random number as a parameter corresponding to the target layer.

The pseudo-random sequence construction rule and the access rule may be agreed by a protocol by the base station or sent by configuration information, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. In practical applications, the pseudo-random sequence may be a linear congruential pseudo-random sequence, or the like.

For example, the at least one layer may correspond to a parameter of I₀Four parameters of a, c and m, which are used for constructing the linear congruence pseudo-random sequence, and the construction rule of the linear congruence pseudo-random sequence can be I_n-1＝(aI_n+ c) modm. UE is according to I₀And a group of pseudo-random sequences can be constructed according to the construction rule of the linear congruence pseudo-random sequences. When the target parameter is selected from the constructed pseudo-random sequence, the selection can be performed according to the number of target layers and a pre-agreed access rule. For example, assuming that the target layer is an N layer and an N-1 layer, the first s pseudo random numbers may be selected from the pseudo random sequence, then the first M-1 pseudo random numbers in the s pseudo random numbers are used as parameters corresponding to the N layer, and the M-2 pseudo random numbers after the first M-1 pseudo random numbers are used as parameters corresponding to the N-1 layer.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the parameter corresponding to at least one layer is only constructed in a manner of constructing a pseudorandom sequence, but in practical applications, the parameter corresponding to at least one layer may also be constructed in other manners, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

2) A target expected reception matrix generation rule is determined based on the at least one expected reception matrix generation rule, the target expected reception matrix generation rule being an expected reception matrix generation rule used to generate the first multi-antenna reception matrix.

In practical applications, the specifically adopted target expected receiving matrix generation rule may be agreed by a protocol or may be dynamically configured, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. For example, the UE may store at least one expected reception matrix generation rule, and then agree on a certain expected reception matrix generation rule of the at least one expected reception matrix generation rule as a target expected reception matrix generation rule through a protocol. Or, one expected receiving matrix generating rule in the at least one expected receiving matrix generating rule is dynamically configured as a target expected receiving matrix generating rule through configuration information such as index information.

In one possible implementation, determining the target expected reception matrix generation rule based on the at least one expected reception matrix generation rule may include: when the parameter includes index information of the target expected reception matrix generation rule, the target expected reception matrix generation rule is determined from the at least one expected channel matrix generation rule based on the index information.

For example, the UE may store 3 types of expected reception matrix generation rules, and indexes of the 3 types of expected reception matrix generation rules are 1,2, and 3, respectively, and the base station may add index information of a target expected reception matrix generation rule to the transmitted parameters, for example, the index information may be 3, and instruct the UE to adopt a third expected reception matrix generation rule in the stored 3 types of expected reception matrix generation rules.

3) Generating the first multi-antenna reception matrix based on the target parameters and the target expected reception matrix generation rule.

For example, if the target parameter is 2(3-1) parameters corresponding to 3 layers, and the target expected receiving matrix generation rule is a 3-dimensional matrix including 2 variable parameters obtained by a function construction method, the 3-dimensional matrix obtained by substituting the 2 parameters into the 3-dimensional matrix is the first multi-antenna receiving matrix.

It should be noted that after receiving the parameters and the expected receiving matrix generation rule, the UE may perform uplink synchronization with the base station to synchronize the first multi-antenna receiving matrices corresponding to different times. Specifically, in the process of performing uplink synchronization, the UE may change necessary parameters from the received parameters, for example, change time-frequency resources from parameters corresponding to different time-frequency resources, so as to determine parameters corresponding to the current time from the parameters corresponding to the different time-frequency resources, and then generate a first multi-antenna receiving matrix corresponding to the current time according to an expected receiving matrix generation rule. Moreover, through uplink synchronization, the UE can also generate an expectation for a multi-antenna receiving matrix expected by the base station at any access occasion or data transmission occasion within a period of time after receiving the parameters.

Step 105: and the UE generates an uplink precoding matrix based on the first multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix.

In practical applications, the UE may generate an uplink precoding matrix based on the first multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix when there is a current access requirement or a requirement for transmitting data, so as to transmit an access request or transmit data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix. Alternatively, the UE may generate a corresponding uplink precoding matrix based on the first multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix when applying for an access occasion or when sending data. And when the current access requirement or the requirement of sending data exists, directly sending an access request or sending data to the base station based on the generated uplink precoding matrix.

Specifically, generating an uplink precoding matrix based on the first multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix includes: determining a second multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the stored configuration layer number, the channel matrix and the first multi-antenna receiving matrix; and determining the transpose matrix of a matrix obtained by multiplying the transpose matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix as the uplink precoding matrix.

The number of configuration layers is used to indicate the number of data streams allowed to be transmitted by the UE, the second multi-antenna receiving matrix is obtained by forming L designated column vectors from a plurality of column vectors included in the first multi-antenna receiving matrix, the L corresponds to the number of configuration layers, the L designated column vectors are L column vectors corresponding to a maximum designated two-norm among any L column vectors included in the plurality of column vectors, and the designated two-norm is a two-norm of a matrix obtained by multiplying a transpose matrix of the formed matrix and the channel matrix.

Wherein, the L corresponding to the configuration layer number means that the L is the same as the configuration layer number of the UE, that is, the L is equal to the number of data streams allowed to be transmitted by the UE. For example, when the number of data streams allowed to be transmitted by the UE is 3, the UE may select 3 column vectors satisfying the condition from the first multi-antenna receiving matrix to form a second multi-antenna receiving matrix.

Next, the principle of generating the uplink precoding matrix will be explained. If the received data is y and the sent data is x, then there is a transmission equation:

y＝Hx (9)

wherein H is a channel matrix between the transmitting end and the receiving end.

Assuming that the multi-antenna receiving matrix at the receiving end is q and the transmitting matrix at the transmitting end is p, the transmission equation can be expressed as:

y＝q^HHpx (10)

wherein q is^HAnd a conjugate transpose matrix of q is represented, and a transmitting matrix p refers to a transmitting beam direction matrix of a transmitting end. And, assuming that the transmitting end has n antennas, the receiving end has m antennas, x is the data transmitted by the transmitting end, and the number of data streams of the data is l, then the size of H matrix is m × n, i.e. H is a matrix of m rows and n columns, the size of q matrix is m × l, i.e. q is a matrix of m rows and l columns, and the size of p matrix is n × l, i.e. p is a matrix of n rows and l columns.

As can be seen from the transmission equation (10), the transmission matrix | | | q^HHp||²The larger the transmission data x, the smaller the loss of the transmission data x, and the better the data transmission effect. Wherein, the transmission matrix | | q^HHp||²Means q for^HA two-norm of Hp for indicating the transmission energy of the data.

The second multi-antenna receiving matrix is a matrix formed by column vectors selected from the first multi-antenna receiving matrix, and the number of the selected column vectors is equal to the number of the configuration layers. That is, the UE may select a corresponding number of column vectors from the first multi-antenna receiving matrix to form the second multi-antenna receiving matrix according to the number of data streams allowed to be transmitted. Wherein the first multi-antenna receiving matrix corresponds to a set of multi-antenna receiving matrices and the second multi-antenna receiving matrix corresponds to a sub-matrix selected from the first multi-antenna receiving matrix.

In the embodiment of the invention, in order to ensure the transmission effect of the access request or the uplink data, the base station can preset a first dynamically variable parameter for the UEThe multi-antenna reception matrix Q, in which the UE can select Q such that max | | Q^HHp||²That is, such that q^HThe two-norm of Hp is the largest and the selected q is the second multi-antenna receive matrix. And if q is^HH then p ═ q^HH)^HThen maxq can be obtained^HHp, then for the UE, Q may be selected from Q such that max | | Q^HH||²Then let p be (q)^HH)^HThen q and p at this time can be made max | | q^HHp||². And p in this case may be (q)^HH)^HAnd determining the uplink precoding matrix of the UE, wherein the uplink precoding matrix is the optimal sending precoding matrix of the UE in a first multi-antenna receiving matrix Q preset by the base station.

Further, for the TDD system, the UE may also estimate the downlink channel according to the channel reciprocity_DLConversion to an uplink channel matrix H_ULAnd is combined with H_ULNote the channel matrix H above.

In another embodiment, the second multi-antenna receiving matrix may also be indicated by the base station through parameters, and the UE may determine the first multi-antenna receiving matrix and the second multi-antenna receiving matrix directly according to parameters agreed in advance or received from the base station.

Further, in order to improve the uplink transmission effect, the UE may further determine, when the second norm of a matrix obtained by multiplying the determined transpose matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix is greater than a preset second norm threshold, the transpose matrix of a matrix obtained by multiplying the transpose matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix as the uplink precoding matrix. That is, when the second multi-antenna receiving matrix meets a certain condition, the uplink precoding matrix is determined and uplink transmission is performed.

The preset two-norm threshold may be agreed in advance, or configured in advance by the base station, or preset by the UE, or the like. For example, the preset two-norm threshold may be directly agreed by the base station and the UE through a protocol, or the UE is notified of the setting by the base station. Specifically, the preset two-norm threshold may be determined according to the link quality and the cell load, for example, the preset two-norm threshold may be obtained by the base station through calculation according to the link quality and the cell load, and then sent to the UE; or the preset two-norm threshold may be determined according to the number of users that can be accommodated by the cell in which the UE is located and a user distribution model, for example, may be determined according to the number of users that can be accommodated by the cell and the user distribution model through a protocol; or the preset two-norm threshold may be determined by performing long-term statistics on the scheduling condition of the user in the cell in which the UE is located, for example, the base station may perform long-term statistics on the scheduling condition of the user in the cell in which the UE is located, and then issue the scheduling condition to the UE; alternatively, the preset two-norm threshold may also be an empirical value set by a technician, and the setting manner of the preset two-norm threshold is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

For example, the base station may set a minimum access threshold minPreRxPower according to the cell condition, and when the UE calculates max | | Q according to the first multi-antenna receiving matrix Q^HH||²If the minimum access threshold minPreRxPower is greater than or equal to the minimum access threshold minprexpower, the access request or data is sent to the base station.

In practical application, when there is a current access requirement or a data transmission requirement, the UE may determine a time-frequency resource used by the UE to apply for accessing or transmitting data, generate a first multi-antenna receiving matrix corresponding to the currently used time-frequency resource according to the parameter and at least one expected receiving matrix generation rule, and then generate an uplink precoding matrix based on the first multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix, so as to transmit an uplink signal based on the uplink precoding matrix in the following.

Or, the UE may further perform uplink synchronization with the base station according to the time-frequency resource, the parameter, and the at least one expected receiving matrix generation rule that are available for the UE to apply for accessing or sending data, so as to generate a first multi-antenna receiving matrix corresponding to different available time-frequency resources, and then, when there is an access requirement or a data sending requirement at present, select a first multi-antenna receiving matrix corresponding to the currently-used time-frequency resource from the generated first multi-antenna receiving matrix, and generate an uplink precoding matrix according to the first multi-antenna receiving matrix and a channel matrix corresponding to the currently-used time-frequency resource, so as to send an uplink signal based on the uplink precoding matrix in the subsequent process.

In another embodiment, after the UE determines an uplink multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station, the uplink multi-antenna receiving matrix may also be subjected to matrix transposition to obtain a downlink equivalent precoding matrix, then the downlink equivalent precoding matrix is multiplied by a downlink channel matrix to obtain a downlink equivalent channel matrix, and finally the downlink equivalent multi-antenna receiving matrix is determined based on the downlink equivalent channel matrix and subjected to matrix transposition to obtain the uplink precoding matrix. The downlink multi-antenna receiving matrix is a matrix obtained by performing linear transformation on a multi-antenna receiving signal during downlink multi-antenna receiving.

Step 106: and the UE sends an access request to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix so as to access a communication network where the base station is located, or sends data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix.

It should be noted that the uplink transmission between the UE and the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix according to the embodiment of the present invention may include two application scenarios: an uplink access scenario and an uplink data transmission scenario. That is, the UE may send the access request to the base station when there is an access requirement based on the uplink precoding matrix determined according to the above-mentioned steps 101-105, and may also send data to the base station when there is a data sending requirement.

The sending of the access request to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix means that precoding processing is performed on the sent access request based on the uplink precoding matrix, so that the UE can send the access request to the base station in a spatial direction matched with a multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station. After the UE completes access, data transmission may also be performed with the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix, for example, uplink data is sent to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix.

In an embodiment, when the method provided by this embodiment is applied to a random access procedure, by presetting a multi-antenna receiving matrix, a first Message (Message1, MSG1) in the random access procedure sent by the UE may have a precoding direction, and at this time, the number of preset configuration layers of the UE may default to 1.

Further, the access request may further include data, and the access request is used to request to access the communication network where the base station is located and send the data to the communication network where the base station is located. That is, the user data may also be directly transmitted in the access request, thereby increasing the data transmission rate of the UE.

Further, since there may be multiple UEs accessing in the direction of one first multi-antenna receiving matrix, in order to reduce user collision, before sending an access request or data to a base station, the UE may further add a first orthogonal sequence at a preset position of the access request or data to be sent, so as to implement multiplexing in a code domain through the orthogonal sequence, increase the number of users that can be accommodated in the same spatial direction, and improve communication efficiency. And because the data transmission error caused by user collision can be avoided, the influence on error propagation is small.

Wherein the first orthogonal sequence is used to identify the UE. That is, the base station may identify and distinguish different UEs through the first orthogonal sequence included in the access request or data transmitted by the different UEs. The preset position may be predetermined or may be dynamically configured by the base station, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. For example, the preset position may be a head position or an intermediate position of an application sequence of the access request, and the like.

Further, the base station needs to reply with a determination of whether the UE is correctly identified after receiving the access request or data comprising the first orthogonal sequence. Specifically, the response may be in an acknowledgement/negative acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) manner, for example, the response may be in several subframes fixed after receiving the access request or data.

Further, when the access request contains data, a first orthogonal sequence can be added at a preset position of an application sequence of the access request and/or a second orthogonal sequence is added in the data; wherein the first orthogonal sequence and the second orthogonal sequence correspond to each other and are both used for identifying the UE.

The first orthogonal sequence and the second orthogonal sequence are corresponding to each other, that is, the first orthogonal sequence and the second orthogonal sequence have a determined mapping relationship, and are used for assisting the UE in determining that the first orthogonal sequence and the second orthogonal sequence belong to the same UE, and further determining that the access request and the user data belong to the same UE. For example, the first orthogonal sequence and the second orthogonal sequence may be the same, or the first orthogonal sequence may be a ZC sequence and the second orthogonal sequence may be the first 1/2 or 1/4 sequence portion of the ZC sequence. Of course, the first orthogonal sequence and the second orthogonal sequence may also be an M sequence or a golden sequence, etc.

For example, referring to fig. 1H, an uplink precoding matrix 1 and an uplink precoding matrix 2 belong to an uplink precoding matrix of the same layer, and multiple UEs may access in the direction of the same uplink precoding matrix 2, assuming that the multiple UEs are UE1, UE2, UE3, and UE4, respectively, and the access requests sent by the 4 UEs all include data, so to avoid user collision, different first orthogonal sequences may be added at the head positions of application sequences of the access requests sent by the 4 UEs, so as to distinguish users sending the access requests through the different first orthogonal sequences. Further, different second orthogonal sequences (not shown in fig. 1H) may be added to the data transmitted by the 4 UEs, respectively, so as to distinguish the users transmitting the data by the second orthogonal sequences.

In another embodiment, to increase flexibility, the UE may also determine whether to apply for uplink access according to configured constraint conditions, and to resolve user conflicts, the base station may also perform access authorization on the UE according to the user conflict situation in the direction of each multi-antenna receiving matrix. Next, referring to fig. 2A, a process of the UE determining whether to apply for uplink access by itself and the base station performing access authorization on the UE according to the user conflict condition will be described in detail.

Fig. 2A is a flowchart of another space division multiplexing multiple access method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where interaction subjects of the method are a base station and a UE, and as shown in fig. 2A, the method includes the following steps:

step 201: the base station transmits a reference signal to at least one UE, wherein the reference signal is capable of assisting the UE in channel estimation.

Step 202: and the UE receives the reference signal, and performs channel estimation on a downlink channel between the UE and the base station based on the reference signal to obtain a channel matrix.

Step 203: and the base station sends parameters to the at least one UE, and the parameters are used for generating a multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station.

Step 204: the UE determines a first multi-antenna receive matrix based on the parameters received from the base station.

Step 205: and the UE generates an uplink precoding matrix based on the first multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix.

The specific implementation process of steps 201-205 can refer to the related description of steps 101-105 in the embodiment of fig. 1E, and the details of the embodiment of the present invention are not repeated herein.

Step 206: and the UE judges whether the UE meets a preset condition or not.

The preset condition may be an interference constraint condition, a power constraint condition, or a fairness constraint condition. The interference constraint condition is used for ensuring that the application access signal to be sent by the UE does not cause interference to other UEs of the system or ensuring that the interference caused is small, the power constraint condition is used for ensuring that the current transmitting power meets a certain transmitting power, and the fairness constraint condition is used for ensuring the fairness of sending the application access signal by each UE in the system.

Specifically, the determining whether the UE meets the preset condition may include at least one of the following manners:

the first implementation mode comprises the following steps: and judging whether the transmitting power of the UE is greater than a preset transmitting power or not, and determining that the UE meets the preset condition when the transmitting power of the UE is greater than the preset transmitting power.

The preset transmit power may be configured by the base station or may be agreed by a protocol, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. And the first implementation manner is defined as the power constraint condition, and when the transmission power of the UE is greater than the preset transmission power, it may be determined that the UE satisfies the power constraint condition, and it is determined that the UE satisfies the preset condition.

The second implementation mode comprises the following steps: and judging whether the fairness parameter of the UE is greater than a first parameter threshold and less than a second parameter threshold, and determining that the UE meets the preset condition when the fairness parameter of the UE is greater than the first parameter threshold and less than the second parameter threshold.

The fairness parameter is a ratio between an uplink throughput rate and a maximum transmission rate within a first preset time before the current time. For example, the fairness parameter of the UE can be represented by the following formula:

FI＝I_u/I_max (11)

wherein, I_uRepresents the uplink throughput rate, I, of the UE within a first preset time period before the current time_maxIndicating a maximum transmission rate of the UE within a first preset time period before the current time.

The smaller the fairness parameter is, the lower the success rate of the UE accessing within the latest period of time is, so that in order to ensure that each UE in the system has the same access opportunity, the smaller the fairness parameter is, the higher the access priority of the UE can be set to ensure that the UE can access preferentially. The fairness constraint condition can avoid that some UEs have no chance to access and some UEs monopolize channels, and the fairness of the access of each UE is ensured.

The first parameter threshold and the second parameter threshold may be agreed with the base station in advance, or preset by the UE, or configured by the base station, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. And the fairness constraint condition is defined by the second implementation manner, and when the fairness parameter of the UE is greater than the first parameter threshold and smaller than the second parameter threshold, it can be determined that the UE satisfies the fairness constraint condition, and it is determined that the UE satisfies the preset condition.

Specifically, the first parameter threshold and the second parameter threshold are determined by comprehensively considering the fairness access condition of the UE, for example, the first parameter threshold and the second parameter threshold may be determined by the base station by performing long-term statistics on the scheduling condition of the user in the cell where the UE is located, or may also be set by a technician according to experience.

The third implementation mode comprises the following steps: judging whether a second norm of a matrix obtained by multiplying a transposed matrix of a second multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix is greater than a preset second norm threshold value, when the second norm of the matrix obtained by multiplying the transposed matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix is greater than the preset second norm threshold value, determining that the UE meets the preset condition, wherein the second multi-antenna receiving matrix is determined based on the number of configuration layers of the UE, the channel matrix and the first multi-antenna receiving matrix, and the number of the configuration layers is used for indicating the number of data streams allowed to be transmitted by the UE.

For example, the base station may set a minimum access threshold minPreRxPower according to the cell condition, and when the UE calculates max | | Q according to the first multi-antenna receiving matrix Q^HH||²If the minimum access threshold minPreRxPower is greater than or equal to the minimum access threshold minPreRxPower, it is determined that the UE satisfies the predetermined condition.

Further, when the fairness parameter of the UE is low, the number of selected layers can be reduced, so as to improve the success rate of UE access. For example, when the number of layers selected by the UE is reduced to 1 layer and the base station is an omni-directional antenna, the UE is equivalent to fall back to the existing random access mechanism, that is, access is performed only by means of code domain multiplexing of orthogonal sequences.

Referring to fig. 2B, as shown in fig. 2B, the channel matrix of 4 layers corresponds to 4 pairwise orthogonal beams, and the 4 beams are farthest in touch distance, and as the directions of the 4 beams rotate, the coverage range is also largest. The channel matrix of 2 layers corresponds to 2 mutually orthogonal beams, and the distance that these 2 beams can reach under the same power is less than 4 layers, but its lateral coverage is more than 4 layers. The channel matrix of 1 Layer may include two kinds, one is a beam of omni-directional coverage as shown in Layer 1(1), and one is a beam of uni-directional coverage as shown in Layer 1 (2).

As shown in fig. 2B, the larger the number of layers that can be supported by the channel matrix configured by the base station, the larger the spatial resource that can be covered by the channel matrix. However, in the prior art, since the precoding codebook supports only the precoding matrix corresponding to the maximum number of layers of 4 at most, the space resources that can be covered are very limited. In the embodiment of the invention, the base station can freely preset the channel matrix for the UE, so that the number of layers of the channel matrix and the direction of column vectors in each layer can be freely preset, thereby greatly increasing the space resources capable of being covered and enhancing the coverage of the UE in a service range.

Further, each of the different layers may also correspond to a determined base station antenna port (port), for example, referring to fig. 2B, Layer 1 corresponds to port 7; layer 2 corresponds to port 5, 6; layer 4 corresponds to port1, 2,3, 4.

Step 207: and when the UE meets the preset condition, sending an access request to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix.

Step 208: the base station determines at least one first multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the parameters sent to the at least one UE, and detects in the direction corresponding to the at least one first multi-antenna receiving matrix to determine the number of UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix.

And a plurality of UE may send access requests to the base station at the same time, and a plurality of groups of alternative first multi-antenna receiving matrixes may exist at the same time, so that the base station may detect the access requests in the direction of the plurality of first multi-antenna receiving matrixes preset by the sent parameters, so as to detect all the UE sending the access requests.

In practical applications, the base station may use a Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC), Interference Alignment (IA), or other detection algorithms to perform detection.

Step 209: the base station determines the fairness parameter of each UE applying for access in the direction of each first multi-antenna receiving matrix and the number of the UEs allowed to be accessed in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix, and determines the UEs allowed to be accessed in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the number of the UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix, the fairness parameter of each UE applying for access and the number of the UEs allowed to be accessed.

The fairness parameter of each UE may be sent by the UE or calculated by the base station, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. If code domain multiplexing is performed in a direction corresponding to a certain first multi-antenna receiving matrix, the number of UEs allowed to access in the direction needs to be determined according to actual code domain multiplexing.

In practical application, the base station may determine the frequency domain resource configured for the at least one UE, and then detect the multi-antenna receiving matrices of the plurality of layers corresponding to the frequency domain resource one by one. The base station can count the total number of the UE detected in each layer and the total number of the UE allowed to be accessed in each layer, judge whether the user conflict condition exists in each layer according to the total number of the UE detected in each layer and the total number of the UE allowed to be accessed in each layer, then integrate the total number of the UE detected in each layer, the user conflict condition and the fairness parameter of each UE detected in each layer, and comprehensively determine which UE in each layer is authorized to be accessed.

Specifically, determining the UEs allowed to access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the number of UEs applying for access, the number of UEs allowed to access, and the fairness parameter of each UE in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix may include the following two implementation manners:

the first implementation mode comprises the following steps: when the number of the UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is less than or equal to the number of the UEs allowing access, determining all the UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix as the UEs allowing access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix, where the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is any one of the at least one first multi-antenna receiving matrix.

The second implementation mode comprises the following steps: when the number of the UE applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is larger than the number of the UE allowing access, M pieces of UE with fairness parameters ranked in front or behind in the UE applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix are determined as the UE allowing access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix, and M is equal to the number of the UE allowing access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix.

The UE with higher priority can be preferentially accessed by determining the M pieces of UE with the fairness parameter ranked in the front as the UE allowed to be accessed, the UE with higher priority is guaranteed to be preferentially accessed, the UE with lower priority can be preferentially accessed by determining the M pieces of UE with the fairness parameter ranked in the back as the UE allowed to be accessed, the fairness of UE access is guaranteed, and the UE with lower fairness parameter also has the opportunity of accessing the base station.

Step 210: and the base station sends authorization indication information to the UE which is allowed to be accessed in the space direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix, wherein the authorization indication information is used for indicating that the corresponding UE is allowed to be accessed.

For a plurality of UEs sending access requests to the base station, only the UE which receives the authorization indication information sent by the base station is allowed to access, and the UE which does not receive the authorization indication information sent by the base station is not allowed to access.

Further, when the number of UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is greater than the number of UEs allowing access, for a UE that does not allow access among the UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix, the base station may further send collision resolution indication information to the UE that does not allow access, where the collision resolution indication information is used to indicate the corresponding UE to perform at least one of the following manners: determining current access failure and updating fairness parameters; after delaying a third preset time, sending an access request to the base station again; and improving the access priority of the corresponding UE, wherein the access priority is used for indicating the success rate of the access of the corresponding UE.

Wherein, the method for improving the access priority of the corresponding UE comprises at least one of the following modes: improving the transmitting power of the corresponding UE; reducing the number of layers selected by the corresponding UE; an orthogonal sequence is added to the application sequence of the access request to be transmitted. By improving the access priority of the corresponding UE, the UE can preferentially send the access request when the next access opportunity is reached, and the access success rate is also improved.

That is, for a certain direction in which a user conflict situation exists, access may be granted to a UE that satisfies the grant condition in the direction, and access may not be granted to a UE that does not satisfy the grant condition in the layer, and the conflict resolution indication information may be sent according to a preset conflict resolution rule, where the conflict resolution indication information may be used to indicate that the UE gives up the access, performs delayed access, or applies for access after priority is raised.

Step 211: and when the UE receives the authorization indication information sent by the base station within a second preset time after the UE sends the access request to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix, accessing the communication network of the base station or accessing the communication network of the base station and sending data to the communication network of the base station.

The second preset duration may be set by default by the UE, or may be predetermined by the UE and the base station, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

Specifically, the UE may access the communication network where the base station is located when the sent access request does not include data and receives the authorization indication information, and access the communication network where the base station is located and send data to the communication network where the base station is located when the sent access request includes data and receives the authorization indication information.

Step 212: and when the UE does not receive the authorization indication information within the second preset time after sending the access request to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix, executing preset operation.

The preset operation may be configured by the base station, for example, configured by conflict resolution information indication information sent by the base station, or may be agreed in advance with the UE, for example, agreed by a protocol, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein the preset operation may include at least one of the following operations: determining that the UE fails to access, and updating fairness parameters of the UE; after delaying a third preset time, sending an access request to the base station again; and improving the access priority of the UE, wherein the access priority is used for indicating the success rate of the UE access.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, only the UE performs the preset operation when the UE does not receive the authorization indication information within the second preset time period after sending the access request to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix, and in practical applications, the UE may also perform the operation specified by the conflict resolution information indication information when receiving the conflict resolution information indication information sent by the base station.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, only in an uplink access scenario, the UE determines whether itself meets a preset condition first, and then sends an access request to the base station when it is determined that the preset condition is met, but in an uplink data transmission scenario, the UE may also determine whether itself meets the preset condition first when it needs to send data to the base station, and then send data to the base station when it is determined that the preset condition is met.

In the embodiment of the invention, the base station can preset a multi-antenna receiving matrix at the base station end for the UE, the UE can generate an uplink pre-coding matrix matched with the multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station according to the configuration parameters of the base station, and then sends an uplink signal to the base station based on the generated uplink pre-coding matrix. By presetting the multi-antenna receiving matrix at the base station end for the UE, the base station can flexibly and freely preset any space resource for the UE, thereby avoiding that the UE can only utilize the space resource indicated by the limited precoding matrix included by the codebook, increasing the uplink space resource available for the UE and further increasing the number of the UE which can be accommodated by the base station and has uplink access. Moreover, the base station does not need to send PMI information to the UE, thereby saving downlink resources.

After the space division multiplexing multiple access method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, a space division multiplexing multiple access apparatus will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 3A is a block diagram of a space division multiple access apparatus, which may be a UE, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3A, the apparatus includes:

a determining module 301, configured to perform the operation performed in step 104 in the embodiment described in fig. 1E above;

a generating module 302, configured to perform the operations performed in step 105 in the embodiment described in fig. 1E above;

a sending module 303, configured to perform the operation performed in step 106 in the embodiment described in fig. 1E.

Optionally, referring to fig. 3B, the apparatus further comprises:

a receiving module 304 and a channel estimation module 305, configured to perform the operations performed in step 102 in the embodiment described in fig. 1E.

Optionally, referring to fig. 3C, the generating module 302 includes:

a first determining unit 3021 configured to determine a second multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the stored number of configuration layers, the channel matrix, and the first multi-antenna receiving matrix;

a second determining unit 3022, configured to determine a transpose matrix of a matrix obtained by multiplying the transpose matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix as the uplink precoding matrix;

Optionally, referring to fig. 3D, the generating module 302 further includes:

a triggering unit 3023, configured to trigger the second determining unit 3022 to determine the transpose matrix of the matrix obtained by multiplying the transpose matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix as the uplink precoding matrix when a two-norm of a matrix obtained by multiplying the transpose matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix is greater than a preset two-norm threshold.

Optionally, referring to fig. 3E, the determining module 301 includes:

a third determining unit 3011, configured to determine the first multi-antenna receiving matrix from at least one multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station, where the at least one multi-antenna receiving matrix is agreed in advance or received from the base station;

a generating unit 3012, configured to generate the first multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station and at least one expected receiving matrix generating rule, where the at least one expected receiving matrix generating rule is agreed in advance or received from the base station.

Optionally, the generating unit 3012 includes:

Optionally, the first determining subunit is configured to:

when the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station comprises parameters corresponding to different time frequency resources, determining a parameter corresponding to a target time frequency resource from the parameters corresponding to the different time frequency resources, wherein the target time frequency resource refers to the time frequency resource used for currently applying to access or send data;

and determining the target parameter based on the parameter corresponding to the target time-frequency resource.

Optionally, the first determining subunit is configured to:

when the parameters corresponding to the target time frequency resources comprise parameters corresponding to at least one layer, determining a target layer corresponding to the target time frequency resources based on a layer mapping rule, wherein the layer mapping rule is used for indicating a mapping relation between the time frequency resources and the layers;

Optionally, the first determining subunit is configured to:

Optionally, the second determining subunit is configured to:

when the pre-agreed or received parameter from the base station includes index information of the target expected reception matrix generation rule, the target expected reception matrix generation rule is determined from the at least one expected reception matrix generation rule based on the index information.

Optionally, the at least one expected receive matrix generation rule comprises an N-dimensional matrix;

the column vectors in the N-dimensional matrix are orthogonal pairwise, the N-dimensional matrix comprises N-1 variable parameters, each variable parameter is used for indicating the rotation angle of the corresponding column vector, and N is a positive integer.

Optionally, the at least one expected receive matrix generation rule comprises an N-dimensional initial orthogonal basis and a transformation rule;

the transformation rule is used for indicating that at least one vector element in the initial orthogonal base is transformed based on the parameter agreed in advance or received from the base station, and schmitt orthogonalization is carried out on the transformed initial orthogonal base to obtain the first multi-antenna receiving matrix, wherein N is a positive integer.

Optionally, referring to fig. 3F, the apparatus further comprises:

a determining module 306, configured to determine whether the UE meets a preset condition;

a triggering module 307, configured to trigger the sending module 303 to send an access request or data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix when the UE meets the preset condition.

Optionally, the determining module 307 is configured to perform at least one of the following manners:

Optionally, the access request includes data, and the access request is used to request to access the communication network where the base station is located and send the data to the communication network where the base station is located.

Optionally, referring to fig. 3G, the apparatus further comprises:

an adding module 308, configured to add a first orthogonal sequence at a preset position of an application sequence of the access request and/or add a second orthogonal sequence in the data when the access request includes data;

Optionally, referring to fig. 3H, the apparatus further comprises:

an access module 309, configured to access a communication network where the base station is located or access the communication network where the base station is located and send data to the communication network where the base station is located when authorization indication information sent by the base station is received within a second preset time period after the access request is sent to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix, where the authorization indication information is used to indicate that the UE is allowed to access;

Optionally, referring to fig. 3I, the apparatus further comprises:

an executing module 310, configured to execute at least one of the following steps when the authorization indication information is not received within the second preset time period after the access request is sent to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix:

Optionally, the increasing the access priority of the UE includes at least one of the following manners:

increasing the preset power of the transmitting power of the UE;

reducing the number of layers selected by the UE; or,

Fig. 4A is a block diagram of an apparatus for spatial division multiplexing multiple access according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the apparatus may be a base station. Referring to fig. 4A, the apparatus includes:

a sending module 401, configured to execute the operation performed in step 103 in the embodiment in fig. 1E.

Optionally, the sending module 401 is further configured to execute the operation executed in step 101 in the embodiment of fig. 1E.

Optionally, referring to fig. 4B, the apparatus further comprises:

a first determining module 402 and a detecting module 403, configured to perform the operations performed in step 208 in the embodiment of fig. 2A;

a second determining module 404 and a third determining module 405, configured to perform the operations performed in step 209 in the embodiment of fig. 2A;

the sending module 401 is further configured to execute the operation executed in step 210 in the embodiment of fig. 2A.

Optionally, referring to fig. 4C, the third determining module 405 includes:

a first determining unit 4051, configured to determine, when the number of UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is less than or equal to the number of UEs allowing access, all UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix as UEs allowing access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix, where the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is any one of the at least one first multi-antenna receiving matrix;

a second determining unit 4052, configured to, when the number of UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is greater than the number of UEs allowing access, determine M UEs having a highest fairness parameter rank in the UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix as UEs allowing access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix, where M is equal to the number of UEs allowing access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix.

Optionally, the sending module 401 is further configured to, when the number of UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is greater than the number of UEs allowing access, send conflict resolution indication information to the UEs not allowing access, where the conflict resolution indication information is used to indicate the corresponding UE to perform at least one of the following manners:

determining current access failure and updating fairness parameters;

Optionally, the increasing the access priority of the corresponding UE includes at least one of the following manners:

providing a transmission power of a corresponding UE;

reducing the number of layers selected by the corresponding UE; or,

It should be noted that: in the sdma access apparatus provided in the above embodiment, only the division of the above functional modules is taken as an example for performing access, and in practical applications, the above function allocation may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional modules, so as to complete all or part of the above described functions. In addition, the space division multiplexing multiple access apparatus provided in the above embodiments and the space division multiplexing multiple access method embodiments belong to the same concept, and specific implementation processes thereof are described in the method embodiments and are not described herein again.

In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partly realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, cause the processes or functions described in accordance with embodiments of the invention, to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored on a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that incorporates one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., Digital Versatile Disk (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.

That is, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the method executed by the base station or the method executed by the UE in any of the embodiments described in fig. 1E or fig. 2A.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product containing instructions, which when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method performed by the base station or the method performed by the UE in any of the embodiments described in fig. 1E or fig. 2A.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

The above-mentioned embodiments are provided not to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A space division multiplexing multiple access method is applied to User Equipment (UE), and the method comprises the following steps:

sending an access request to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix so as to access a communication network where the base station is located, or sending data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix;

wherein the generating an uplink precoding matrix based on the first multi-antenna receiving matrix and the channel matrix comprises:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to generating an uplink precoding matrix based on the multi-antenna reception matrix and a channel matrix, further comprising:

3. The method of claim 2, wherein before determining the transpose of the matrix obtained by multiplying the transpose of the second multi-antenna reception matrix by the channel matrix as the uplink precoding matrix, further comprising:

4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the first multi-antenna receive matrix based on a predetermined or received parameter from a base station comprises:

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the generating the first multi-antenna receive matrix based on the pre-agreed or received parameters from a base station and at least one expected receive matrix generation rule pre-agreed or received from the base station comprises:

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the determining target parameters based on the pre-agreed or received parameters from a base station comprises:

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the determining the target parameter based on the parameter corresponding to the target time-frequency resource comprises:

8. The method of claim 7, wherein said selecting the parameter corresponding to the target layer from the parameters corresponding to the at least one layer comprises:

9. The method of claim 5, wherein determining a target expected reception matrix generation rule based on the at least one expected reception matrix generation rule comprises:

10. The method of claim 4, wherein the at least one expected receive matrix generation rule comprises an N-dimensional matrix;

11. The method of claim 4, wherein the at least one expected receive matrix generation rule comprises an N-dimensional initial orthogonal basis and transformation rule;

12. The method of claim 1, wherein before sending an access request or data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix, further comprising:

judging whether the UE meets a preset condition;

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the determining whether the UE satisfies a predetermined condition comprises at least one of:

and judging whether the second norm of a matrix obtained by multiplying the transposed matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix is greater than a preset second norm threshold value, and when the second norm of the matrix obtained by multiplying the transposed matrix of the second multi-antenna receiving matrix by the channel matrix is greater than the preset second norm threshold value, determining that the UE meets the preset condition.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the access request comprises data, and wherein the access request requests access to a communication network in which the base station is located and data is transmitted to the base station.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein before sending the access request to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix, further comprising:

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the method further comprises:

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the increasing the access priority of the UE comprises at least one of:

increasing the transmit power of the UE;

reducing the number of layers selected by the UE; or,

19. A space division multiplexing multiple access method is applied to a base station, and the method comprises the following steps:

sending parameters to at least one User Equipment (UE), determining a first multi-antenna receiving matrix by each UE in the at least one UE based on the received parameters, generating an uplink precoding matrix based on the determined first multi-antenna receiving matrix and a channel matrix, and sending an access request to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix so as to access a communication network where the base station is located, or sending data to the base station based on the uplink precoding matrix;

the parameters are used for indicating a multi-antenna receiving matrix preset by the base station, and the channel matrix is a channel matrix between each UE and the base station;

determining a second multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the stored configuration layer number, the channel matrix and the first multi-antenna receiving matrix, where the configuration layer number is used to indicate the number of data streams allowed to be transmitted by the UE, the second multi-antenna receiving matrix is formed by L designated column vectors in a plurality of column vectors included in the first multi-antenna receiving matrix, where L corresponds to the configuration layer number, the L designated column vectors are L column vectors corresponding to a maximum designated two-norm in any L column vectors included in the plurality of column vectors, and the designated two-norm is a two-norm of a matrix obtained by multiplying a transpose matrix of the formed matrix and the channel matrix;

20. The method of claim 19, wherein prior to sending the parameters to the at least one UE, further comprising:

21. The method of claim 19, wherein after the sending the parameters to the at least one UE, further comprising:

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the determining the UEs allowed to access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix based on the number of UEs applying for access in the direction corresponding to each first multi-antenna receiving matrix, the number of UEs allowed to access, and the fairness parameter of each UE comprises:

23. The method of claim 21 or 22, wherein the method further comprises:

when the number of the UE applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix is greater than the number of the UE allowing access, for the UE not allowing access in the UE applying for access in the direction corresponding to the target first multi-antenna receiving matrix, sending conflict resolution indication information to the UE not allowing access, wherein the conflict resolution indication information is used for indicating the corresponding UE to execute at least one of the following modes:

determining current access failure and updating fairness parameters;

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the increasing the access priority of the corresponding UE comprises at least one of:

improving the transmitting power of the corresponding UE;

reducing the number of layers selected by the corresponding UE; or,

25. A spatial division multiplexing multiple access arrangement comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor is configured to perform the steps of any of the methods of claims 1-18.

26. A spatial division multiplexing multiple access arrangement comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor is configured to perform the steps of any of the methods of claims 19-24.

27. A computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-18.

28. A computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 19-24.