CN109546314A - High-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method and antenna - Google Patents
High-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method and antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN109546314A CN109546314A CN201811229711.0A CN201811229711A CN109546314A CN 109546314 A CN109546314 A CN 109546314A CN 201811229711 A CN201811229711 A CN 201811229711A CN 109546314 A CN109546314 A CN 109546314A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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Abstract
The invention discloses high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method and antennas, and method is the following steps are included: S1: establishing the model of the lattice element based on circular metal patch；S2: fitting obtains geometric parameter and surface resistance value relationship between circular metal patch the distance g apart from lattice element edge and surface impedance Z；S3: it obtains by the surface impedance distribution situation on holographic impedance modulation surface；S4: being calculated the parameter value of the circular metal patch on holographic impedance modulation surface, and establishes the model on entire holographic impedance modulation surface.The present invention passes through the holographic impedance modulation skin antenna form of hierarchic structure, can effectively improve the gain of antenna, realizes the radiation for deviateing normal direction, improves the overall performance of antenna.Meanwhile the holographic impedance modulation skin antenna that the present invention designs has planar structure, does not need to additionally introduce feed and feeding network, structure is simple, broader bandwidth, moreover it is possible to realize the radiation in off-normal direction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method and antennas.
Background technique
The fast development of Modern wireless communication technology, to electronic equipment, more stringent requirements are proposed.All nothings
Line communication is all by electromagnetic wave come receiving and transmitting signal, and antenna has in modern wireless communication systems sends and receives electromagnetic wave
Important function, it is one of the core devices in modern wireless communication systems, its electromagnetic property and physical property is to entire nothing
It is vital for line communication system.The development that high-gain, deviation normal direction radiation have become current year antenna researching and designing becomes
Gesture.However, traditional design method used by Antenna Design has some intrinsic drawbacks at present.
The defect and deficiency of the prior art: the section of 1. traditional reflective surface antennas is higher, is unfavorable for the integrated of system, feedback
Source is not easy to block, and is easy the position of exposure itself；2. traditional lens antenna has specific profile, volume is heavy；3. plane
The difficulty of lens antenna complex manufacturing process, material processing is larger；4. micro-strip antenna array needs to introduce complicated feeding network,
Biggish loss is generated, so that the efficiency of antenna substantially reduces；5. Waveguide slot antenna frequency band is relatively narrow, it is difficult to realize and deviate normal direction
Radiation.
In the case where related conventional technology effectively cannot realize high-gain aerial, the present invention is based on circular metal patch to grind
Study carefully the design method and antenna for devising a kind of high-gain, the holographic impedance modulation skin antenna for deviateing normal direction radiation.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide the designs of high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna
Method and antenna.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the design of high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna
Method, comprising the following steps:
S1: the model of the lattice element based on circular metal patch is established；
S2: fixed lattice element physical size changes the physical size of circular metal patch, emulation institute under different sizes
Corresponding surface resistance value, fitting obtain between circular metal patch the distance g apart from lattice element edge and surface impedance Z
Geometric parameter and surface resistance value relationship；
S3: normal direction is deviateed according to holographic impedance modulation skin antenna major lobe of directional diagram direction, by holographic impedance modulation formula
Surface impedance Z corresponding to each point coordinate on impedance surface is obtained, to obtain by the surface impedance on holographic impedance modulation surface
Distribution situation, wherein the case where holographic impedance modulation formula is divided into x >=0 and x < 0, x indicates the coordinate of surface point to burnt
The horizontal direction distance of point position；
S4: based on the relationship and step S3 obtained in step S2 between geometric parameter and surface resistance value
Obtained in holography impedance modulation surface surface impedance distribution situation, the circular metal of each point in antenna plane face is calculated
The parameter value of patch, and establish the model on entire holographic impedance modulation surface；
S5: ladder-type structure is designed in the edge portions of the model on the holographic impedance modulation surface, in the structure
Focal position at place antenna；In addition, adding medium on the basis of the model on the holographic impedance modulation surface of ladder-type structure
Baseplate material establishes the simulation model of holographic impedance modulation skin antenna.
Further, the model of the lattice element based on circular metal patch includes circular metal patch from top to bottom
Piece, medium substrate and metal floor.
Further, the medium substrate is RogersRT5880, and the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric-slab is 2.2, thick
Degree is 1.6mm.
Further, the holographic impedance modulation skin antenna major lobe of directional diagram direction offset direction is to deviate normal direction
30°。
Further, geometric parameter described in step S2 and surface resistance value relationship are as follows:
Z=j (- 7.2643g3+24.628g2-34.319g+114.93)。
Further, holographic impedance modulation formula described in step S3 are as follows:
Z (x, y)=j [Xs+Mcos(k0xsinθ-ktr)],x≥0
Z (x, y)=j [Xs-Mcos(k0xsinθ-kt], r) x < 0
In formula,Indicate that each point coordinate (x, y) arrives focal length on surface；ktIndicate surface wave in impedance
The wave number propagated on surface；k0Indicate the wave number of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in free space；XsThe average impedance size of surface impedance；M table
Show the modulation depth of the average impedance on impedance surface；θ indicates angle of radiation.
Further, the fixation lattice element physical size is 3mm × 3mm × 1.6mm.
Further, when the distance g when circular metal patch apart from lattice element edge changes to 1mm by 0.2mm, table
Face impedance value has changed to 98.2j Ω by 109j Ω.
Further, the antenna placed at the focal position of the structure is monopole antenna.
The present invention also provides high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antennas, are obtained using the method.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention passes through the holographic impedance modulation skin antenna form of hierarchic structure, can effectively improve the increasing of antenna
Benefit realizes the radiation for deviateing normal direction, improves the overall performance of antenna.Meanwhile the holographic impedance modulation surface day that the present invention designs
Line has planar structure, does not need to additionally introduce feed and feeding network, structure is simple, broader bandwidth, moreover it is possible to realize deviation method
The radiation in line direction.
(2) in the present invention, the comparison of square-shaped metal patch in the prior art is replaced using circular metal patch, two
Impedance variations range of kind patch in the case where identical working frequency and same media material is different.And circular metal pastes
The variation range of piece is narrower, processing when, circular metal patch influenced by machining accuracy it is smaller, more conducively it is actual processing set
Meter.
(3) holographic antenna based on square-shaped metal patch has recess at 30 degree, and according to actual needs, it needs to design
The case where angle of radiation has modified modulation formula at 30 degree in the present invention, has been divided into x >=0 and x < 0, can effectively solve
Depression problem.
(4) high-gain in main radiation direction also may be implemented using trapezium structure, and susceptibility is lower, by processing shadow
Sound is small.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method for the present invention flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the model schematic of the lattice element based on circular metal patch；
Fig. 3 is geometric parameter and surface resistance value relationship schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the model schematic on holographic impedance modulation surface；
Fig. 5 is the model schematic on the holographic impedance modulation surface of hierarchic structure；
Fig. 6 is the simulation model schematic diagram on the holographic impedance modulation surface of hierarchic structure；
Fig. 7 is the reflection coefficient schematic diagram that simulation calculation obtains；
Fig. 8 is the two-dimensional directional figure that simulation calculation obtains；
Fig. 9 is the three-dimensional figure that simulation calculation obtains；
In figure, 1- metal patch, 2- medium substrate, 3- metal floor.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawing, it is clear that described embodiment
It is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that belong to "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical",
The direction of the instructions such as "horizontal", "inner", "outside" or positional relationship be based on direction or positional relationship described in attached drawing, merely to
Convenient for description the present invention and simplify description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation,
It is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, belonging to " first ", " second " only
For descriptive purposes, it is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, belong to " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
As long as in addition, the non-structure each other of technical characteristic involved in invention described below different embodiments
It can be combined with each other at conflict.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method, this method is suitable for wireless communication electricity
Sub- apparatus field, the antenna designed are one of the core devices in modern wireless communication systems, and realize high-gain, partially
It is radiated from normal direction.
As shown in Figure 1, the method the following steps are included:
S1: the model of the lattice element based on circular metal patch 1 is established.
Preferably, as shown in Fig. 2, the model of the lattice element based on circular metal patch 1 includes from top to bottom
Circular metal patch 1, medium substrate 2 and metal floor 3.And the medium substrate 2 is RogersRT5880, the dielectric-slab
Relative dielectric constant be 2.2, with a thickness of 1.6mm.Simulation calculation can be carried out to the structure inside HFSS simulation software.
S2: fixed lattice element physical size changes the physical size of circular patch, and emulation is corresponding under different sizes
Surface resistance value, fitting obtain it is several between circular metal patch 1 the distance g apart from lattice element edge and surface impedance Z
What parameter and surface resistance value relationship.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the fixation lattice element physical size is 3mm × 3mm × 1.6mm.Pass through
Change the physical size of circular metal patch, and emulates corresponding surface resistance value under different sizes, it is soft using MATLAB
Part carries out the result that numerical fitting obtains to the curve, and (abscissa Gap indicates circular metal patch 1 apart from lattice as shown in Figure 3
The distance g of unit edge, ordinate Impedance indicate surface resistance value Z).It can be seen from the chart, when circular metal pastes
When distance g of the piece 1 apart from lattice element edge changes to 1mm by 0.2mm, surface resistance value is changed to by 109j Ω
98.2jΩ。
For the comparison of circular metal patch 1 and square-shaped metal patch, two kinds of patches are in identical working frequency and phase
Impedance ranges in the case where with dielectric material are different.
And for the fixation lattice element of same physical size, when using square-shaped metal patch, when gap size by
When 0.2mm changes to 1mm, surface resistance value has changed to 98.49j Ω by 128.8j Ω.It can be seen that circular metal patch 1
Variation range it is narrower, processing when, circular metal patch 1 influenced by machining accuracy it is smaller, more conducively it is actual processing set
Meter.
In addition, the impedance characteristic due to them is different, the mathematical table between the impedance Z being fitted and spacing g
Up to formula with regard to different.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the geometric parameter and surface resistance value relationship are as follows:
Z=j (- 7.2643g3+24.628g2-34.319g+114.93)
S3: normal direction is deviateed according to holographic impedance modulation skin antenna major lobe of directional diagram direction, by holographic impedance modulation formula
Surface impedance Z corresponding to each point coordinate on impedance surface is obtained, to obtain by the surface impedance on holographic impedance modulation surface
Distribution situation, wherein the case where holographic impedance modulation formula is divided into x >=0 and x < 0, x indicates the coordinate of surface point to burnt
The horizontal direction distance of point position.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the holographic impedance modulation skin antenna major lobe of directional diagram direction offset direction
To deviate 30 ° of normal direction.
And, it is preferable that holographic impedance modulation formula described in step S3 are as follows:
Z (x, y)=j [Xs+Mcos(k0xsinθ-ktr)],x≥0
Z (x, y)=j [Xs-Mcos(k0xsinθ-kt], r) x < 0
In formula,Indicate that each point coordinate (x, y) arrives focal length on surface；ktIndicate surface wave in impedance
The wave number propagated on surface；k0Indicate the wave number of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in free space；XsThe average impedance size of surface impedance；M table
Show the modulation depth of the average impedance on impedance surface；θ indicates angle of radiation.
Since the holographic antenna based on square-shaped metal patch has recess at 30 degree, and according to actual needs, need to design
Angle of radiation at 30 degree, that is to say, that the result that the holographic antenna based on square-shaped metal patch before is calculated has angle
The case where degree deviates.
Since the wave of two different directions has been motivated in the focal position that monopole antenna is placed on holographic impedance modulation surface,
One is forward-wave, and one is retonation wave, and when surface is not frequency of the work in phase matched, forward-wave and retonation wave have phase
Potential difference, therefore bring recess.Therefore, in the present embodiment, the case where having modified modulation formula, being divided into x >=0 and x < 0, can
Effectively to solve depression problem.
S4: based on the relationship and step S3 obtained in step S2 between geometric parameter and surface resistance value
Obtained in holography impedance modulation surface surface impedance distribution situation, the circular metal of each point in the face of impedance surface is calculated
The parameter value of patch 1, and the model on entire holographic impedance modulation surface is established, as shown in Figure 4.
Because using different modulation formula, also different (the present Fig. 4 of obtained holographic structure in step s3
It is completely different with the pattern of the holographic structure based on square-shaped metal patch, it is especially completely different in the part of x >=0 and x < 0
Sample).
S5: ladder-type structure is designed in the edge portions of the model on the holographic impedance modulation surface, such as Fig. 5 institute
Show, antenna is placed at the focal position of the structure；In addition, on the model basis on the holographic impedance modulation surface of ladder-type structure
It is upper to add medium substrate material 2, the simulation model of holographic impedance modulation skin antenna is established, as shown in Figure 6.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the antenna placed at the focal position of the structure is monopole antenna.
Specifically, the high-gain in main radiation direction also may be implemented using trapezium structure, and susceptibility is lower, is added
Work influences small.
Simulation calculation, obtained reflectance curves are carried out to the simulation model of the holographic impedance modulation skin antenna in Fig. 6
As shown in Figure 7.Can be seen from the chart, the Antenna Operation near 12GHz, -10dB bandwidth range from 8.8GHz-18.6GHz,
Broader bandwidth.Two-dimensional directional figure is calculated as shown in figure 8, can be seen from the chart, the main radiation direction of the antenna deviates method
30 ° of line or so, gain in this direction reaches 12.11dB.In addition, the cross polarization of the antenna is lower, there is excellent performance.
The three-dimensional figure of the antenna is as shown in Figure 9.
Embodiment 2
Based on the realization of embodiment 1, the present embodiment also provides a kind of high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna, with implementation
The inventive concept having the same of example 1, the antenna are suitable for electronic equipment field, and antenna is modern wireless communication systems
In one of core devices, and realize high-gain, deviate normal direction radiation.
Described is obtained using method described in embodiment 1.
The explanation of relevant portion refers to this in high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The detailed description of corresponding part in the high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method that inventive embodiments 1 provide, herein
It repeats no more.In addition, being realized in above-mentioned technical proposal provided in an embodiment of the present invention with corresponding technical solution in the prior art
The consistent part of principle is simultaneously unspecified, in order to avoid excessively repeat.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments, right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And thus amplify out it is obvious variation or
It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
S1: the model of the lattice element based on circular metal patch is established；
S2: fixed lattice element physical size changes the physical size of circular patch, emulates corresponding table under different sizes
Face impedance value, fitting obtain the geometric parameter between circular metal patch the distance g apart from lattice element edge and surface impedance Z
With surface resistance value relationship；
S3: normal direction is deviateed according to holographic impedance modulation skin antenna major lobe of directional diagram direction, is obtained by holographic impedance modulation formula
Surface impedance Z corresponding to each point coordinate on impedance surface, to obtain being distributed by the surface impedance on holographic impedance modulation surface
Situation, wherein the case where holographic impedance modulation formula is divided into x >=0 and x < 0, x indicates the coordinate of surface point to focus position
The horizontal direction distance set；
S4: based on obtained in step S2 between geometric parameter and surface resistance value relationship and step S3 in
The circular metal patch of each point in the face of impedance surface is calculated in the surface impedance distribution situation on the holographic impedance modulation surface arrived
Parameter value, and establish the model on entire holographic impedance modulation surface；
S5: ladder-type structure is designed in the edge portions of the model on the holographic impedance modulation surface, in the coke of the structure
Point places antenna at position；In addition, adding medium substrate on the basis of the model on the holographic impedance modulation surface of ladder-type structure
Material establishes the simulation model of holographic impedance modulation skin antenna.
2. high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The model of lattice element based on circular metal patch includes circular metal patch, medium substrate and metal floor from top to bottom.
3. high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Medium substrate is RogersRT5880, and the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric-slab is 2.2, with a thickness of 1.6mm.
4. high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Holographic impedance modulation skin antenna major lobe of directional diagram direction offset direction is to deviate 30 ° of normal direction.
5. high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step S2
Described in geometric parameter and surface resistance value relationship are as follows:
Z=j (- 7.2643g3+24.628g2-34.319g+114.93)。
6. high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step S3
Described in holographic impedance modulation formula are as follows:
Z (x, y)=j [Xs+Mcos(k0xsinθ-ktr)],x≥0
Z (x, y)=j [Xs-Mcos(k0xsinθ-kt], r) x < 0
In formula,Indicate that each point coordinate (x, y) arrives focal length on surface；ktIndicate surface wave on impedance surface
The wave number of upper propagation；k0Indicate the wave number of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in free space；XsThe average impedance size of surface impedance；M indicates resistance
The modulation depth of the average impedance of resistance to surface；θ indicates angle of radiation.
7. high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Fixed lattice element physical size is 3mm × 3mm × 1.6mm.
8. high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: work as circle
When distance g of the metal patch apart from lattice element edge changes to 1mm by 0.2mm, surface resistance value is changed to by 109j Ω
98.2j Ω.
9. high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna design method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the knot
The antenna placed at the focal position of structure is monopole antenna.
10. high-gain holography impedance modulation skin antenna, it is characterised in that: using as described in any one of claim 1~9
Method obtain.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN112736483A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-30 | 北京大学 | Polarization reconfigurable two-dimensional beam scanning holographic antenna and implementation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190329 |