CN109544865B - Early warning method and early warning system for waterlogging of transformer substation - Google Patents
Early warning method and early warning system for waterlogging of transformer substation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transformer substation waterlogging early warning method and an early warning system, wherein a relation function of the water accumulation of a transformer substation and the vacant area and the space height is established by calculating the vacant area which is not occupied by a fixed object on different space heights above the ground of the internal space of the transformer substation; evaluating the maximum drainage capacity of a substation sewer pipe network according to physical parameters of drainage pipes in the substation; calculating the accumulated water quantity and water level accumulated in unit time of the transformer substation according to the predicted rainfall, the maximum drainage capacity of a sewer pipe network of the transformer substation and the drainage capacity of an emergency drainage facility; and early warning whether the transformer substation has waterlogging or not according to the calculated water accumulation amount and water level of the transformer substation. The method can realize prediction and early warning of the waterlogging of the transformer substation, effectively guide the waterlogging prevention and drainage work of the transformer substation, and reduce the influence of strong rainfall disasters on power grid enterprises and the whole society.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a transformer substation waterlogging early warning method based on a three-dimensional model, and belongs to the field of disaster prevention and reduction of power systems.
Background
In recent years, heavy rainfall events continue to increase, numerous domestic cities suffer from waterlogging disasters of different degrees, the waterlogging becomes one of important disasters threatening the safety of a power grid, and the transformer substation full-stop accidents caused by the waterlogging cause huge economic loss and serious social influence.
The occurrence of transformer station waterlogging mainly occurs in two aspects: firstly, outside ponding flows backward, and the reason that this type of phenomenon appears is mainly because city whole drainage is not smooth, and measures such as water-proof door, sewer isolation in the measure of transformer substation's prevention waterlogging mainly deal with this problem. And secondly, the internal drainage capacity of the transformer substation is insufficient, the problem is caused by insufficient design of the drainage capacity of the transformer substation, and a water suction pump in the existing waterlogging prevention measure is a supplement measure for the insufficient drainage capacity.
In engineering, the existing transformer substation waterlogging monitoring is mainly realized by arranging a water level meter for observation by means of a cable well, setting a threshold value in advance and carrying out early warning by taking whether the water level reaches a certain set value as a standard. The mode is a conservative early warning method, the attention to the precipitation intensity is completely isolated, the early warning purpose can be realized, the future trend cannot be predicted, and the workload of operation and maintenance personnel is increased to a certain extent. The academic research on early warning of waterlogging mainly focuses on a physical model formed by waterlogging, and due to the fact that influence links formed by waterlogging are numerous and comprise rainfall, production convergence, drainage and the like, the model has high requirements on data quantity and quality, and difficulty in practical application is high.
In fact, rainfall monitoring and forecasting data in meteorological data are reliable, water level monitoring data can be reliably obtained through a monitoring device, and assessment of the most important transformer substation drainage capacity in a transformer substation waterlogging formation model is much simpler than that of an urban waterlogging model.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing transformer substation waterlogging early warning method in engineering is too conservative, lacks of a prediction link, has large workload of operation and maintenance personnel and the like, and provides a more scientific waterlogging early warning method which integrates the feasibility and the data logicality of engineering.
In order to solve the technical problems, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a transformer substation waterlogging early warning method is characterized in that,
calculating the vacant areas not occupied by fixed objects on different space heights above the ground of the internal space of the transformer substation, and establishing a relation function of the water accumulation of the transformer substation and the vacant areas and the space heights;
evaluating the maximum drainage capacity of a substation sewer pipe network according to physical parameters of drainage pipes in the substation;
calculating the accumulated water quantity and water level of the transformer substation in unit time according to the forecast rainfall, the maximum drainage capacity of a sewer pipe network of the transformer substation and the drainage capacity of an emergency drainage facility by combining the established relation function of the accumulated water quantity of the transformer substation, the vacant area and the space height;
and early warning the transformer substation waterlogging according to the calculated transformer substation water accumulation amount and the calculated water level.
And calculating the vacant areas not occupied by the fixed objects on different heights of the internal space of the transformer substation according to the three-dimensional model data of the transformer substation.
The three-dimensional model data of the transformer substation comprises three-dimensional space data of the transformer substation and buildings, electrical equipment and accessories in the transformer substation.
The empty area A with the space height h from the groundkhThe calculation formula is as follows:
wherein A isshThe horizontal area in the enclosure wall of the time varying power station is the space height h; a. thehiAnd n is the total number of fixtures in the transformer substation.
The relation function of the water accumulation of the transformer substation, the vacant area and the space height is as follows:
in the formula, VkFor the water accumulation of the substation, AkhIs an empty area with a space height h from the ground, AshIs changed at the space height hHorizontal area within the power station enclosure; a. thehiThe horizontal area of the ith seat fixture in the transformer substation at the space height h is shown, and n is the total number of fixtures in the transformer substation.
Calculating the drainage capacity Q of the sewer pipeline by adopting a Manning equation, evaluating the maximum drainage capacity Qmax of the substation sewer pipe network according to the drainage capacity Q of the sewer pipeline, namely the drainage capacity value when the water quantity of the sewer pipeline reaches full flow,
in the formula, D is sewer pipe diameter, c is sewer pipe wall roughness, and S is sewer pipe' S bottom of pipe slope.
And (4) evaluating the maximum drainage capacity of the sewer pipe network according to the calculated drainage capacity of the sewer pipe and the water level difference of the water outlet.
And calculating when the maximum drainage capacity of the substation sewer pipe network reaches the full flow of the water quantity of the sewer pipe.
Calculating the accumulated water volume and water level of the transformer substation in unit time by adopting the following formula:
in the formula, VkFor the water accumulation of the substation, AshThe horizontal area in the transformer substation enclosure wall at the space height h is shown; a. thehiThe horizontal area of the ith seat fixture in the transformer substation at the space height h, n is the total number of fixtures in the transformer substation, VRainIn order to predict rainfall, Qmax is the maximum drainage capacity of a substation sewer pipe network, and E is the drainage capacity of emergency drainage facilities;
the calculated height h of the space at this time is the water level.
When the water volume V of the transformer substationkWhen the absolute value is less than 0 and is greater than the drainage capacity E of the emergency drainage facility, the maximum drainage capacity Qmax of the sewer pipe network meets the requirement;
when the water volume V of the transformer substationkLess than 0 and not in absolute valueWhen the water discharge capacity of the emergency drainage facility is larger than the water discharge capacity E of the emergency drainage facility, the emergency drainage facility is adopted for auxiliary drainage, and the early warning of the accumulated water of the transformer substation is issued;
when the water volume V of the transformer substationkAnd when the drainage capacity is larger than 0, the maximum drainage capacity of the transformer substation can not meet the requirement, and the early warning of the waterlogging of the transformer substation and the water level prediction information are issued at the moment.
A transformer substation waterlogging early warning system is characterized by comprising
A modeling module: calculating the vacant areas not occupied by fixed objects on different space heights above the ground of the internal space of the transformer substation, and establishing a relation function model of the water accumulation of the transformer substation and the vacant areas and space heights;
pipe network displacement evaluation module: evaluating the maximum drainage capacity of a substation sewer pipe network according to physical parameters of drainage pipes in the substation;
water accumulation and water level prediction module: calculating the accumulated water volume and water level of the transformer substation in unit time through a transformer substation water volume relation function model according to the maximum drainage capacity of the transformer substation sewer pipe network and the drainage capacity of the emergency drainage facility, which are evaluated by the rainfall prediction and pipe network drainage volume evaluation module;
the early warning module: and early warning the transformer substation waterlogging according to the predicted water accumulation amount and the water level.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, by establishing a relation function of the water accumulation amount of the transformer substation, the vacant area and the space height, and combining the forecast rainfall, the maximum drainage capacity of a sewer network of the transformer substation and the drainage capacity of an emergency drainage facility, a transformer substation water level calculation model and method under heavy rainfall weather are provided, so that the forecast early warning of the waterlogging of the transformer substation is realized, the workload of operation and maintenance personnel is reduced, the waterlogging prevention and drainage work of the transformer substation is scientifically and effectively guided, and the influence of heavy rainfall disasters on power grid enterprises and the whole society is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a transformer substation waterlogging early warning method based on a three-dimensional model.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
In the following, with reference to fig. 1, a detailed description is given of one specific embodiment that may be adopted by the transformer substation waterlogging warning method in the embodiment of the present invention, and other specific embodiments may also be adopted in other embodiments, and the detailed description is only for more specifically describing some specific approaches in the implementation of the present invention, and is not limited to that, the method of the present invention may be only applied to this specific embodiment.
The early warning method for the waterlogging of the transformer substation comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, three-dimensional modeling data meeting early warning requirements of transformer substation waterlogging, specifically three-dimensional data of transformer substations, buildings in the transformer substations and electrical equipment, is obtained, and data sources comprise design drawings and document data of the transformer substations and the buildings in the transformer substations, factory parameters and document data of the electrical equipment in the transformer substations and photogrammetric data of the transformer substations.
And establishing a three-dimensional model of the transformer substation by using modeling tools such as CAD software, and the other modeling tools comprise 3D MAX animation software, MuTiGen Creator and other professional software.
And 2, calculating the non-occupied areas of the transformer substation at different heights according to the three-dimensional model of the transformer substation, wherein the non-occupied areas are vacant areas which are not occupied by buildings, electrical equipment or other objects at a certain height in the transformer substation. Plane non-occupation area A with height h from groundkhThe calculation formula is as follows:
wherein A isshThe height h is the horizontal area in the enclosure wall of the power station; a. thehiThe horizontal area of the ith building, electrical equipment or other object in the substation at the height h, and n is the total number of buildings, electrical equipment or other objects in the substation.
Therefore, the water volume V of the transformer substationkAnd the non-occupied area AkThe relationship of the height h can be expressed as a function
And 3, evaluating the maximum drainage capacity of the substation sewer pipe network according to physical parameters of drainage pipelines in the substation, wherein the drainage of the substation is mainly realized through the sewer pipe network laid on the ground, the sewer pipe network comprises a rainwater port, branch pipes, a main pipe, an inspection well, a water outlet and the like, and the drainage capacity of the sewer pipe network is mainly determined by the shape and the diameter of the main pipe. Because the circular pipeline has good hydraulic performance, the sewer pipe network usually adopts the circular pipeline, and the drainage capacity Q of the sewer pipe can be calculated by adopting the Manning equation.
Wherein c is the roughness of the pipe wall of the sewer pipeline, and omega and R, S are the water passing section area, the hydraulic radius and the pipe bottom gradient of the sewer pipeline respectively.
Assuming that the diameter of the pipeline is D, the water depth in the pipeline is D, the central angle corresponding to the chord length of the water surface is theta, the wetted perimeter is x, and the area of the cross-section of the water, the wetted perimeter and the hydraulic radius are calculated by the formulas (4) to (6).
The above formula is substituted for the formula (3),
when the maximum drainage capacity of the sewer network is evaluated, the water volume of the sewer pipeline reaches full flow. When θ is 0 °, equation (7) can be converted to
When calculation is carried out for a specific transformer substation, the actual maximum drainage capacity also needs to be calculated according to the water level difference of the water outlet.
Step 4, according to the forecast rainfall VRainThe maximum drainage capacity Qmax of a transformer substation sewer pipe network and the drainage capacity E of an emergency drainage facility, and calculating the accumulated water volume V of the transformer substation in unit timekAnd a water level. Forecast rainfall VRainThe rainfall numerical forecast of the hourly level is taken from the meteorological department, and the drainage capacity E of the emergency drainage facility is determined according to parameters of the emergency facilities such as a water pump and the like. Therefore, the water volume V of the transformer substation is generated in heavy rainfall weatherkCan be represented by formula (2) as
According to the formula (9), the height h, namely the water level, can be calculated.
Step 5, according to the calculated water volume V of the transformer substationkAnd releasing early warning information of the waterlogging of the transformer substation by the water level. When the water accumulation amount of the transformer substation is less than 0 and the absolute value of the water accumulation amount is greater than E, the drainage capacity of the sewer line can meet the requirement, and early warning information does not need to be issued at the moment; when the water volume V of the transformer substationkWhen the absolute value is less than 0 and less than or equal to E, the drainage capacity of the sewer line cannot meet the requirement, emergency drainage facilities need to be adopted for auxiliary drainage, and at the moment, substation water accumulation early warning is issued and drainage suggestions adopting the emergency drainage facilities are provided; when the water accumulation amount of the transformer substation is larger than 0, the maximum drainage capacity of the transformer substation cannot meet the requirement, at the moment, early warning of waterlogging of the transformer substation and predicted water level information are issued, rolling correction is carried out according to real-time conditions, and when the predicted water level reaches the safety warning water level of the transformer substation, a corresponding equipment power failure suggestion is provided. According to the operation and maintenance requirements of the transformer substation and the emergency management requirements of disastersAnd solving, and sending the early warning information to corresponding operation and maintenance personnel.
Example 2
The invention relates to a transformer substation waterlogging early warning system, which comprises
A modeling module: calculating the vacant areas not occupied by fixed objects on different space heights above the ground of the internal space of the transformer substation, and establishing a relation function model of the water accumulation of the transformer substation and the vacant areas and space heights;
pipe network displacement evaluation module: evaluating the maximum drainage capacity of a substation sewer pipe network according to physical parameters of drainage pipes in the substation;
water accumulation and water level prediction module: calculating the accumulated water volume and water level of the transformer substation in unit time through a transformer substation water volume relation function model according to the maximum drainage capacity of the transformer substation sewer pipe network and the drainage capacity of the emergency drainage facility, which are evaluated by the rainfall prediction and pipe network drainage volume evaluation module;
the early warning module: and early warning the transformer substation waterlogging according to the predicted water accumulation amount and the water level.
The present invention has been disclosed in terms of the preferred embodiment, but it is not intended to be limited to the embodiment, and all technical solutions obtained by substituting or converting the equivalent embodiments fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A transformer substation waterlogging early warning method is characterized in that,
calculating the vacant areas not occupied by fixed objects on different space heights above the ground of the internal space of the transformer substation, and establishing a relation function of the water accumulation of the transformer substation and the vacant areas and the space heights;
evaluating the maximum drainage capacity of a substation sewer pipe network according to physical parameters of drainage pipes in the substation;
calculating the accumulated water quantity and water level of the transformer substation in unit time according to the forecast rainfall, the maximum drainage capacity of a sewer pipe network of the transformer substation and the drainage capacity of an emergency drainage facility by combining the established relation function of the accumulated water quantity of the transformer substation, the vacant area and the space height;
early warning the transformer substation waterlogging according to the calculated transformer substation water accumulation amount and the calculated water level;
calculating when the maximum drainage capacity of a substation sewer pipe network reaches the full flow of the water quantity of a sewer pipeline;
calculating the drainage capacity Q of the sewer pipeline by adopting a Manning equation, evaluating the maximum drainage capacity Qmax of the substation sewer network according to the drainage capacity Q of the sewer pipeline,
in the formula, D is the diameter of the sewer pipeline, c is the roughness of the pipe wall of the sewer pipeline, and S is the gradient of the pipe bottom of the sewer pipeline;
calculating the accumulated water volume and water level of the transformer substation in unit time by adopting the following formula:
in the formula, VkFor the water accumulation of the substation, AshThe horizontal area in the transformer substation enclosure wall at the space height h is shown; a. thehiThe horizontal area of the ith seat fixture in the transformer substation at the space height h, n is the total number of fixtures in the transformer substation, VRainIn order to predict rainfall, Qmax is the maximum drainage capacity of a substation sewer pipe network, and E is the drainage capacity of emergency drainage facilities;
the calculated height h of the space at this time is the water level.
2. The transformer substation waterlogging early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and calculating the vacant areas not occupied by the fixed objects on different heights of the internal space of the transformer substation according to the three-dimensional model data of the transformer substation.
3. The transformer substation waterlogging early warning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the three-dimensional model data of the transformer substation comprises three-dimensional space data of the transformer substation and buildings, electrical equipment and accessories in the transformer substation.
4. The transformer substation waterlogging early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the empty area A with the space height h from the groundkhThe calculation formula is as follows:
wherein A isshThe horizontal area in the enclosure wall of the time varying power station is the space height h; a. thehiThe horizontal area of the ith seat fixture in the transformer substation at the space height h is shown, and n is the total number of fixtures in the transformer substation.
5. The transformer substation waterlogging early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the relation function of the water accumulation of the transformer substation, the vacant area and the space height is as follows:
in the formula, VkFor the water accumulation of the substation, AkhIs an empty area with a space height h from the ground, AshThe horizontal area in the transformer substation enclosure wall at the space height h is shown; a. thehiThe horizontal area of the ith seat fixture in the transformer substation at the space height h is shown, and n is the total number of fixtures in the transformer substation.
6. The transformer substation waterlogging early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) evaluating the maximum drainage capacity of the sewer pipe network according to the calculated drainage capacity of the sewer pipe and the water level difference of the water outlet.
7. The transformer substation waterlogging early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
when the water volume V of the transformer substationkWhen the absolute value is less than 0 and is greater than the drainage capacity E of the emergency drainage facility, the maximum drainage capacity Qmax of the sewer pipe network meets the requirement;
when the water volume V of the transformer substationkWhen the absolute value is less than 0 and is not more than the drainage capacity E of the emergency drainage facility, the emergency drainage facility is adopted for auxiliary drainage, and the early warning of the accumulated water of the transformer substation is issued;
when the water volume V of the transformer substationkAnd when the drainage capacity is larger than 0, the maximum drainage capacity of the transformer substation can not meet the requirement, and the early warning of the waterlogging of the transformer substation and the water level prediction information are issued at the moment.
8. A transformer substation waterlogging early warning system is characterized by comprising
A modeling module: calculating the vacant areas not occupied by fixed objects on different space heights above the ground of the internal space of the transformer substation, and establishing a relation function model of the water accumulation of the transformer substation and the vacant areas and space heights;
pipe network displacement evaluation module: evaluating the maximum drainage capacity of a substation sewer pipe network according to physical parameters of drainage pipes in the substation;
water accumulation and water level prediction module: calculating the accumulated water volume and water level of the transformer substation in unit time through a transformer substation water volume relation function model according to the maximum drainage capacity of the transformer substation sewer pipe network and the drainage capacity of the emergency drainage facility, which are evaluated by the rainfall prediction and pipe network drainage volume evaluation module;
the early warning module: and early warning the transformer substation waterlogging according to the predicted water accumulation amount and the water level.
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| CN111738617B (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2023-12-26 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Transformer substation risk assessment method and early warning system in heavy rainfall weather |
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