CN109543221A - One kind being used for air conditioner cold water Site for Unit method for diagnosing faults - Google Patents
One kind being used for air conditioner cold water Site for Unit method for diagnosing faults Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses air conditioner cold water Site for Unit method for diagnosing faults is used for, by having worked out the characterization factor and corresponding failure modes rule list of characterization water cooler failure to water cooler typical case's soft fault type and its influence factor anatomy.And propose that a kind of mechanism model for water cooler fault diagnosis is difficult to get parms and solves (such as supercooling/degree of superheat) to what can be related in characterization factor calculating process, which mainly includes the big partial model of unit four and refrigerant Thermodynamic calculating model.The air conditioner cold water Site for Unit method for diagnosing faults that the invention patent proposes efficiently solves conventional failure model and method for diagnosing faults because the characterization factor of characterization failure cannot or be difficult to obtain the problem for causing use scope limited.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to can survey shadow for air conditioner cold water Site for Unit method for diagnosing faults more particularly to a kind of utilization scene
It rings parameter and carries out air conditioner cold water Site for Unit method for diagnosing faults.
Background technique
According to studies have shown that 10 can be reduced by fault diagnosis (FDD) technical optimization diagnosis air-conditioning system operating status
~40% air conditioning energy consumption and 20~30% building energy consumption.In large-scale commercial building, water cooler energy consumption duty adjusting system
The ratio of energy consumption is up to 50% or more, therefore the fault diagnosis research of water cooler seems most important.In general, cooling-water machine
The method for diagnosing faults of group mainly includes the establishment of the fault signature factor and failure modes rule list and the building of simulation model
Two parts.Although being suggested at present there are many failure modes rule list and fault diagnosis new model, due to it is most of have grind
The selection of the middle fault signature factor is studied carefully with diagnosis performance most preferably principle, but not all characteristic parameter selected is existing
Field is all easily obtained (such as degree of supercooling, suction superheat, discharge superheat), causes these classifying rules or model in practical work
It is not widely used in journey.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, provides one kind by the way that scene is limited and surveys affecting parameters
The method for carrying out water cooler fault diagnosis, this method can detect and diagnosis water cooler failure, guarantee water cooler in time
Efficient operation, to reduce air-conditioning system and building energy consumption.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
For air conditioner cold water Site for Unit method for diagnosing faults, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1: being run scene by water cooler and obtained influences surveying parameter and establish and can surveying for water cooler fault diagnosis
Parameter database, the parameter of surveying includes chilled water import temperature tei, chilled water outlet temperature teo, chilled-water flow Me、
Cooling water outlet temperature tco, cooling water inlet temperature tciAnd refrigerating capacity Qe；
Step 2: water cooler fault diagnosis mechanism model is established, for solving the influence ginseng for influencing Analysis on Fault Diagnosis
Number, the affecting parameters include the condensation temperature t of refrigerant in condenserc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporating temperature te, it is cold
The condensing pressure p of refrigerant in condenserc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporating pressure pe, compressor inlet refrigerant suction superheat
Spend xgrd, the discharge superheat pgrd of compressor outlet refrigerant, the degree of supercooling gld of condensator outlet refrigerant, compressor work
Consume W and water cooler coefficient of performance；
The solution procedure of the affecting parameters is as follows:
(1) from can survey in parameter database extract chilled-water flow Me, refrigerating capacity Qe, cooling water outlet temperature teoAnd it is cold
Freeze water inlet temperature teiOperation data, and set the condensing pressure p of refrigerant in condensercInitial value and compressor enter
Mouth refrigerant enthalpy h1Initial value；
(2) constructed in a manner of Modularization modeling the evaporator model of water cooler, condenser model, expansion valve model and
Compressor model, the expression of each model are as follows:
(a) evaporator model:
The energy balance formula of evaporator and refrigerant mass fluxes q by evaporatormeCalculation formula are as follows:
qme=Qe/(h1-h6)
T in formulaeFor the evaporating temperature of refrigerant in evaporator；AUeFor evaporator heat transfer coefficient；
(b) condenser model:
The heat exchange amount Q of refrigerant in condenserkAnd the refrigerant mass fluxes q for passing through condensermkRespectively with following formula into
Row calculates:
Qk=W+Qe
W is compressor power consumption, h in formula2For the enthalpy of compressor outlet refrigerant, h5For the enthalpy of condensator outlet refrigerant
Value；
(c) compressor model:
Compressor power consumption W and refrigeration flow q by compressormcIt is calculated respectively with following formula:
υ in formula1For the refrigerant specific volume of suction port of compressor；p1For suction pressure of compressor；p2For Compressor Discharge Pressure；
b1,b2For coefficient；
(d) expansion valve model:
The refrigerant mass fluxes q by expansion valve is obtained according to hydraulic formulamtAre as follows:
P in formula5,p6Respectively expansion valve inlet refrigerant pressure, expansion valve outlet refrigerant pressure；ρ5For expansion valve into
Mouth refrigerant density；CDFor the discharge coefficient of expansion valve；Discharge coefficient uses the empirical equation meter of U.S. Detroit company research
Calculation is sought:
υ in formula6For the specific volume of expansion valve outlet refrigerant；
A is the circulation area of expansion valve, calculation formula are as follows:
A in formula, b, c are the coefficient in expansion valve circulation area fitting formula；
(3) by Me、Qe、teoAnd teiOperation data substitute into evaporator model in evaporator energy conservation equation formula calculate
The evaporating temperature t of refrigerant in evaporatore；
(4) compressor inlet refrigerant pressure p is sought by refrigerant thermodynamic computing1, compressor outlet refrigerant pressure
p2, compressor outlet refrigerant enthalpy h2, compressor inlet refrigerant specific volume υ1And compressor imports and exports refrigerant temperature t1,
t2, and substitute into compressor model and calculate qmcWith W；
(5) q is enabledmk=qmc, by W and h2Calculated result substitute into condenser model, calculate QkAnd condensator outlet refrigeration
The enthalpy h of agent5, and condenser inlet refrigerant temperature t is sought by refrigerant thermodynamic computing3And refrigerant in condenser
Condensation temperature tc；
(6) by ρ5、p5、p6And υ6Calculated value and refrigerating capacity QeNumerical value substitute into expansion valve model, calculating pass through expansion
The refrigerant mass fluxes q of valvemt, and pass through refrigerant thermodynamic computing expansion valve inlet refrigerant temperature t5；
(7) compare qmtAnd qmcIf | qmt-qmc|≤0.01, then carry out step (8)；If | qmt-qmc| > 0.01 then determines
Condensing pressure pcSetting value is higher, and return step (1) reduces pcSetting value repeats step (1)-(7)；
(8) by setting value h1, calculated value h6And known parameters QeIt substitutes into evaporator model, calculates through evaporator
Refrigerant mass fluxes qme；
(9) compare qmtAnd qmeIf | qme-qmt|≤0.01, then carry out step (10)；If | qme-qmt| > 0.01 then determines
Suction port of compressor enthalpy h1Less than normal, return step (1) increases h1Setting value repeats step (1)-(9) until meeting the requirements；
(10) output meets the p that above-mentioned iteration requiresc、p1、te、W、t1、t2、t3、tcAnd t5Numerical value；
(11) pass through pe=p1, xgrd=t1-te, pgrd=t2-t3, gld=tc-t5, COP=Qe/ W calculates water cooler
Evaporator in the evaporating pressure of refrigerant, the suction superheat xgrd of compressor inlet refrigerant, compressor outlet refrigerant
Discharge superheat pgrd, condensator outlet refrigerant degree of supercooling gld and water cooler coefficient of performance；
Step 3: from the characterization factor of two angle building characterization failures of economy and practicability, the characterization failure
Characterization factor include chilled water disengaging water temperature difference ewc, condensation approaches temperature tca, evaporation approaches temperature tea, makes in condenser
The condensing pressure p of cryogenc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporating pressure pe, compressor power consumption W, cooling water disengaging water temperature difference cwc, pressure
Suction superheat xgrd, the discharge superheat pgrd of compressor outlet refrigerant, condensator outlet system of contracting machine inlet refrigerant
Degree of supercooling gld, the water cooler coefficient of performance of cryogen；
Wherein: ewc=tei-teoTca=tc-tcoTea=teo-teCwc=tco-tci
Step 4: determining the conjunction of the characterization factor of above-mentioned 11 characterization failures using exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) EWMA method
Manage threshold range；
Step 5: carrying out fault type judgement:
When cooling water inflow, which occurs, for water cooler reduces failure, characterization factor compressor power consumption W, the condenser of characterization failure
The condensing pressure p of middle refrigerantc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporating pressure pe, condensator outlet refrigerant degree of supercooling gld, cold
It is solidifying approach temperature tca, cooling water disengaging water temperature difference cwc, 1/COP is above the upper limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；Compression
The suction superheat xgrd of machine inlet refrigerant, evaporation approach the lower limit that temperature tea is below two characterization factor threshold ranges
Value；Discharge superheat pgrd, the chilled water disengaging water temperature difference ewc of compressor outlet refrigerant are in two determined thresholds of characterization factor
It is worth in range, and is held essentially constant；
When cooling water inflow, which occurs, for water cooler reduces failure, characterization factor W, ewc, 1/COP of characterization failure are above
The upper limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；pe, xgrd, tea be below the lower limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；pc、tca、
Cwc is held essentially constant within the scope of three characterization factor institute threshold values；Gld and pgrd, which is then presented, first to be increased and is higher than
The upper limit value of its threshold range, then reduce and be lower than the change procedure of the lower limit value of its threshold range；
When refrigerant leakage/filling deficiency failure occurs for water cooler, characterization factor W, p of characterization failurec、gld、
Tca, 1/COP are below the lower limit value of each characterization factor threshold range, the characterization factor p of remaining characterization failuree、xgrd、pgrd、
Tea, ewc, cwc are held essentially constant within the scope of institute's threshold value；
When refrigerant charging excess failure occurs for water cooler, characterization factor W, p of characterization failurec、gld、pgrd、
Tca, cwc, 1/COP are above the upper limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；peLower than the lower limit of its characterization factor threshold range
Value；Remaining characterization factor xgrd, tea, ewc are held essentially constant within the scope of each factor institute threshold value；
When Condenser fouling fault occurs for water cooler, characterization factor W, p of characterization failurec, tca, cwc, 1/COP it is equal
Higher than the upper limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；Remaining characterization factor pe, gld, xgrd, pgrd, tea, ewc determining
In threshold range, and it is held essentially constant；
When water cooler is there are when non-condensable gas failure, characterization factor W, p of characterization failurec、pe、gld、pgrd、
Tca, cwc, 1/COP are above the upper limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；Tea is lower than the lower limit of its characterization factor threshold range
Value；Remaining characterization factor xgrd, ewc are held essentially constant within the scope of institute's threshold value.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the advantage that
1. the fault signature factor also comprehensively considers calculating because needed for the period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m not only with diagnosis performance most preferably principle in method
The acquisition complexity of operating parameter and economic, practical property.
2. it is directed in the Practical Project that can be related in fault signature factor calculating process and is difficult to the operating parameter obtained, this
Method using the mechanism model of water cooler fault diagnosis to these parametric solutions, have in application it is convenient with it is efficiently excellent
Gesture.
3. this method be suitable for all water coolers, and innovatively propose simplified partial model (such as compressor,
Refrigerant Thermodynamic calculating model etc.), model solution difficulty is greatly reduced, field engineer is suitble to use.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that water cooler fault diagnosis mechanism model proposed by the invention solves schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is after using mechanism model constructed by this method in instances, and difficulty obtains influence under water cooler nominal situation
Parameter COP simulation result.
Fig. 3 is after using mechanism model constructed by this method in instances, and difficulty obtains influence under water cooler nominal situation
Compression of parameters machine power consumption W simulation result.
Fig. 4 is after using mechanism model constructed by this method in instances, and difficulty obtains influence under water cooler nominal situation
Parameter suction superheat xgrd, discharge superheat pgrd and degree of supercooling gld simulation result.
Preferred forms
Below based on embodiment, present invention is described, but the present invention is not restricted to these embodiments.This hair
Bright the proposed air conditioner cold water Site for Unit method for diagnosing faults that is used for mainly includes the fault signature factor and failure modes rule
Table establishment, fault diagnosis mechanism model construct two parts.The core concept of this method is, by water cooler typical fault and
Its influence parameters analysis, and affecting parameters investigation can be surveyed according to scene in Practical Project, from two angles of economy and practicability
The characterization factor of characterization water cooler failure is constructed using failure affecting parameters；For the failure shadow for being difficult to obtain in Practical Project
The fault diagnosis mechanism model that parameter then proposes through the invention is rung to be solved；When occurring due to various typical faults, with event
Nominal situation can be deviateed by hindering the fault signature factor being closely related, and the offset direction of each factor has difference, therefore can be passed through
The fault signature factor of monitoring water cooler carrys out these failures of detection and diagnosis, and formulates corresponding failure modes rule list；Most
It is directed to a certain Practical Project afterwards, the operation data of water cooler can be substituted into mechanism model proposed by the present invention and failure modes
In rule list, the fault diagnosis of water cooler is carried out.
It is based on the above principles, of the invention to be used for air conditioner cold water Site for Unit method for diagnosing faults, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: being run scene by water cooler and obtained influences surveying parameter and establish and can surveying for water cooler fault diagnosis
Parameter database, the parameter of surveying includes chilled water import temperature tei, chilled water outlet temperature teo, chilled-water flow Me、
Cooling water outlet temperature tco, cooling water inlet temperature tciAnd refrigerating capacity Qe。
Step 2: water cooler fault diagnosis mechanism model is established, for solving the influence ginseng for influencing Analysis on Fault Diagnosis
Number, the affecting parameters include the condensation temperature t of refrigerant in condenserc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporating temperature te, it is cold
The condensing pressure p of refrigerant in condenserc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporating pressure pe, compressor inlet refrigerant suction superheat
Spend xgrd, the discharge superheat pgrd of compressor outlet refrigerant, the degree of supercooling gld of condensator outlet refrigerant, compressor work
Consume W and water cooler coefficient of performance；
The purpose that solving influences the affecting parameters of Analysis on Fault Diagnosis is only can to survey parameter by above-mentioned 6 cannot complete cold water
Unit fault diagnosis research.
As shown in Figure 1, the solution procedure of the affecting parameters is as follows:
(1) from can survey in parameter database extract chilled-water flow Me, refrigerating capacity Qe, cooling water outlet temperature teoAnd it is cold
Freeze water inlet temperature teiOperation data, and set the condensing pressure p of refrigerant in condensercInitial value and compressor enter
Mouth refrigerant enthalpy h1Initial value；
(2) constructed in a manner of Modularization modeling the evaporator model of water cooler, condenser model, expansion valve model and
Compressor model, the expression of each model are as follows:
(a) evaporator model:
The energy balance formula of evaporator and refrigerant mass fluxes q by evaporatormeCalculation formula are as follows:
qme=Qe/(h1-h6)
T in formulaeFor the evaporating temperature of refrigerant in evaporator；AUeFor evaporator heat transfer coefficient, size and QeAnd MeHave
It closes, specific method for solving is detailed in " the architectural environment system analog analysing method-of the publication of China Construction Industry Press in 2006
DeST " in book page 257；h1、h6Respectively evaporator inlet-outlet refrigerant enthalpy, evaporator outlet refrigerant enthalpy h6Meter
Calculation method can be detailed in " refrigerated air-conditioning system principle of simulation and the technology " of the publication of Chemical Industry Press in 2013.
(b) condenser model:
Heat exchange amount (condensation heat) Q of refrigerant in condenserkAnd the refrigerant mass fluxes q for passing through condensermkRespectively
It is calculated with following formula:
Qk=W+Qe
W is compressor power consumption, h in formula2For the enthalpy of compressor outlet refrigerant, h5For the enthalpy of condensator outlet refrigerant
Value, h2And h5Calculation method can be detailed in Chemical Industry Press in 2013 publication " refrigerated air-conditioning system principle of simulation and skill
Art ".
(c) compressor model:
Compressor power consumption W and refrigeration flow q by compressormcIt is calculated respectively with following formula:
υ in formula1For the refrigerant specific volume of suction port of compressor；p1For suction pressure of compressor；p2For Compressor Discharge Pressure；
υ1、p1And p2Calculation method can be detailed in Chemical Industry Press in 2013 publication " refrigerated air-conditioning system principle of simulation and skill
Art ".Coefficient b1,b2Q under producer's experiment condition can be passed throughmc、υ1、p1And p2Sample data be fitted to obtain.
(d) expansion valve model:
The refrigerant mass fluxes q by expansion valve is obtained according to hydraulic formulamtAre as follows:
P in formula5,p6Respectively expansion valve inlet refrigerant pressure, expansion valve outlet refrigerant pressure；ρ5For expansion valve into
Mouth refrigerant density, p5,p6,ρ5Calculation method can be detailed in that Chemical Industry Press in 2013 publishes " refrigerated air-conditioning system is imitative
True philosophy and technique ".
CDFor the discharge coefficient of expansion valve；Discharge coefficient using the U.S. Detroit company research empirical equation calculate into
Row is sought:
υ in formula6For the specific volume of expansion valve outlet refrigerant, calculation method can be detailed in Chemical Industry Press in 2013 and go out
" refrigerated air-conditioning system principle of simulation and the technology " of version
A is the circulation area of expansion valve, its calculation formula is:
A in formula, b, c are the coefficient in expansion valve circulation area fitting formula, can be expanded according under producer's experiment condition
The circulation area of valve and the sample data of refrigerating capacity are fitted to obtain by least square method.
(3) by Me、Qe、teoAnd teiOperation data substitute into evaporator model in evaporator energy conservation equation formula calculate
The evaporating temperature t of refrigerant in evaporatore；
(4) compressor inlet refrigerant pressure p is sought by refrigerant thermodynamic computing1, compressor outlet refrigerant pressure
p2, compressor outlet refrigerant enthalpy h2, compressor inlet refrigerant specific volume υ1And compressor imports and exports refrigerant temperature t1,
t2, calculation method can be detailed in Chemical Industry Press in 2013 publication " refrigerated air-conditioning system principle of simulation and technology ".And generation
Enter compressor model and calculates qmcWith W；
(5) q is enabledmk=qmc, by W and h2Calculated result substitute into condenser model, calculate QkAnd condensator outlet refrigeration
The enthalpy h of agent5, and condenser inlet refrigerant temperature t is sought by refrigerant thermodynamic computing3And refrigerant in condenser
Condensation temperature tc, calculation method can be detailed in Chemical Industry Press in 2013 publication " refrigerated air-conditioning system principle of simulation and skill
Art "；
(6) by ρ5、p5、p6And υ6Calculated value and refrigerating capacity QeNumerical value substitute into expansion valve model, calculating pass through expansion
The refrigerant mass fluxes q of valvemt, and pass through refrigerant thermodynamic computing expansion valve inlet refrigerant temperature t5, calculation method can be detailed
See " refrigerated air-conditioning system principle of simulation and technology " that Chemical Industry Press in 2013 publishes；
(7) compare qmtAnd qmcIf | qmt-qmc|≤0.01, then carry out step (8)；If | qmt-qmc| > 0.01 then determines
Condensing pressure pcSetting value is higher, and return step (1) reduces pcSetting value repeats step (1)-(7)；
(8) by setting value h1, calculated value h6And known parameters QeIt substitutes into evaporator model, calculates through evaporator
Refrigerant mass fluxes qme；
(9) compare qmtAnd qmeIf | qme-qmt|≤0.01, then carry out step (10)；If | qme-qmt| > 0.01 then determines
Suction port of compressor enthalpy h1Less than normal, return step (1) increases h1Setting value repeats step (1)-(9) until meeting the requirements.
(10) output meets the p that above-mentioned iteration requiresc、p1、te、W、t1、t2、t3、tcAnd t5Numerical value；
(11) pass through pe=p1, xgrd=t1-te, pgrd=t2-t3, gld=tc-t5, COP=Qe/ W calculates water cooler
Evaporator in the evaporating pressure of refrigerant, the suction superheat xgrd of compressor inlet refrigerant, compressor outlet refrigerant
Discharge superheat pgrd, condensator outlet refrigerant degree of supercooling gld and water cooler coefficient of performance.
Step 3: from the characterization factor of two angle building characterization failures of economy and practicability, the characterization failure
Characterization factor include chilled water disengaging water temperature difference ewc, condensation approaches temperature tca, evaporation approaches temperature tea, makes in condenser
The condensing pressure p of cryogenc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporating pressure pe, compressor power consumption W, cooling water disengaging water temperature difference cwc, pressure
Suction superheat xgrd, the discharge superheat pgrd of compressor outlet refrigerant, condensator outlet system of contracting machine inlet refrigerant
Degree of supercooling gld, the water cooler coefficient of performance of cryogen；
Wherein: ewc=tei-teoTca=tc-tcoTea=teo-teCwc=tco-tci
Step 4: determining the conjunction of the characterization factor of above-mentioned 11 characterization failures using exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) EWMA method
Manage threshold range, calculation method can be found in be published within 2016 Hunan University's journal (natural version) " based on Kriging model
Water cooler fault detection and diagnosis method ".
Step 5: carrying out fault type judgement: using the various typical events of the characterization factor establishment water cooler of characterization failure
The table of classification rules of barrier, as shown in table 1.When cooling water inflow, which occurs, for water cooler reduces (fwc) failure, the feature of characterization failure
The condensing pressure p of refrigerant in factor compressor power consumption W, condenserc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporating pressure pe, condenser goes out
The degree of supercooling gld of mouth refrigerant, condensation approach temperature tca, cooling water disengaging water temperature difference cwc, 1/COP is above each characterization factor
The upper limit value of threshold range；The suction superheat xgrd of compressor inlet refrigerant, evaporation approach temperature tea and are below two spies
Levy the lower limit value of factor threshold range；Discharge superheat pgrd, the chilled water disengaging water temperature difference ewc of compressor outlet refrigerant exist
Within the scope of two characterization factor institute threshold values, and it is held essentially constant.
When cooling water inflow, which occurs, for water cooler reduces (fwe) failure, characterization factor W, ewc, 1/COP of characterization failure are equal
Higher than the upper limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；pe, xgrd, tea be below the lower limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；pc、
Tca, cwc are held essentially constant within the scope of three characterization factor institute threshold values；Gld and pgrd then present first increase and
Higher than the upper limit value of its threshold range, then reduce and be lower than the change procedure of the lower limit value of its threshold range.
When refrigerant leakage/filling deficiency (rl) failure occurs for water cooler, characterization factor W, p of characterization failurec、
Gld, tca, 1/COP are below the lower limit value of each characterization factor threshold range, the characterization factor p of remaining characterization failuree、xgrd、
Pgrd, tea, ewc, cwc are held essentially constant within the scope of institute's threshold value.
When refrigerant charging excessively (ro) failure occurs for water cooler, characterization factor W, p of characterization failurec、gld、
Pgrd, tca, cwc, 1/COP are above the upper limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；peLower than its characterization factor threshold range
Lower limit value；Remaining characterization factor xgrd, tea, ewc are held essentially constant within the scope of each factor institute threshold value.
When condenser fouling (cf) failure occurs for water cooler, characterization factor W, p of characterization failurec、tca、cwc、1/
COP is above the upper limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；Remaining characterization factor pe, gld, xgrd, pgrd, tea, ewc exist
Within the scope of institute's threshold value, and it is held essentially constant.
When water cooler is there are when non-condensable gas (nc) failure, characterization factor W, p of characterization failurec、pe、gld、
Pgrd, tca, cwc, 1/COP are above the upper limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；Tea is lower than its characterization factor threshold range
Lower limit value；Remaining characterization factor xgrd, ewc are held essentially constant within the scope of institute's threshold value.
1 failure modes rule list of table
Note: when " ▲ " and " ▼ " represents certain typical fault of generation, the corresponding fault signature factor will increase and reduce,
" ▲ " and " ▼ " quantity, and to represent variation degree bigger；When " " represents certain typical fault of generation, corresponding fault signature
The factor does not change significantly.
In practice, by the way that parameter chilled water out temperature (t can be surveyedeiAnd teo), cooling water outlet and inlet temperature
(tciAnd tco), chilled-water flow MeAnd refrigerating capacity QeIt can carry out the Analysis on Fault Diagnosis of water cooler.Known to above-mentioned
Parameter substitute into fault diagnosis mechanism model proposed by the present invention to fault compression calculate in be difficult to the operating parameter cold water obtained
Suction superheat xgrd, discharge superheat pgrd, degree of supercooling gld, the condensing pressure p of unitc, evaporating pressure pe, compressor power consumption
W and water cooler coefficient of performance are solved, and calculate chilled water disengaging water temperature difference ewc on this basis, condensation approaches temperature
Degree tca, evaporation approach the numerical value of temperature tea and cooling water disengaging water temperature difference cwc.And according to above-mentioned 11 fault signature factors
Reasonable threshold value and table 1 shown in failure modes rule list determine the fault type of water cooler.
Embodiment 1
(1) for the fault diagnosis research of the centrifugal refrigerating machines in a certain Practical Project, establishing influences water cooler
Fault diagnosis surveys parameter (including chilled water import temperature tei, chilled water outlet temperature teo, chilled-water flow Me, cooling water
Outlet temperature tco, cooling water inlet temperature tciAnd refrigerating capacity Qe) database；
(2) by the mass flow q under producer's difference operating condition by compressor refrigerantmc, compression inlet refrigerant agent
Specific volume υ1, compressor inlet and outlet refrigerant pressure p1And p2Sample data fitting solve compressor model in refrigerant stream
Measure qmcCalculation formula fitting coefficient numerical value be b1=2.007582716, b2=-2.994116915, corresponding qmcMeter
Calculate formula are as follows:
(3) expansion is solved according to the sample data of the circulation area and refrigerating capacity of expansion valve under producer's difference operating condition
Fitting coefficient a=5.3798 × 10 in valve model in expansion valve circulation area calculation formula-4, b=-1.9374 × 10-7, c=
5.2406×10-11, corresponding expansion valve circulation area calculation formula are as follows:
The goodness of fit R of two calculation formula in step (2) and (3)2It is all larger than 0.99, fitting effect is good.
(4) from can survey in parameter database extract chilled-water flow Me, refrigerating capacity Qe, cooling water outlet temperature teoAnd it is cold
Freeze water inlet temperature teiOperation data, and set the condensing pressure p of refrigerant in condensercInitial value and compressor enter
Mouth enthalpy h1Initial value；
(5) by Me、Qe、teoAnd teiOperation data substitute into evaporator model in evaporator energy conservation equation formula calculate
The evaporating temperature t of refrigerant in evaporatore；
(6) compressor inlet refrigerant pressure p is sought by refrigerant thermodynamic computing1, compressor outlet refrigerant pressure
p2, compressor outlet refrigerant enthalpy h2, compressor inlet refrigerant specific volume υ1And compressor imports and exports refrigerant temperature t1,
t2, and substitute into compressor model and calculate the mass flow q for passing through compressor refrigerantmcWith compressor power consumption W；
(7) q is enabledmk=qmc, by W and h2Calculated result substitute into condenser model, calculate QkAnd condensator outlet refrigeration
The enthalpy h of agent5, and condenser inlet refrigerant temperature t is sought by refrigerant thermodynamic computing3, the condensation of refrigerant in condenser
Temperature tc；
(8) by ρ5、p5、p6And υ6Calculated value and refrigerating capacity QeExpansion valve model is substituted into, the refrigeration by expansion valve is calculated
Agent mass flow qmt, and pass through refrigerant thermodynamic computing expansion valve inlet refrigerant temperature t5；
(9) compare qmtAnd qmcIf | qmt-qmc|≤0.01, then carry out step (10)；If | qmt-qmc| > 0.01 then determines
Condensing pressure pcSetting value is higher, and return step (4) reduces pcSetting value repeats step (4)-(9)；
(10) by setting value h1, calculated value h6And known parameters QeIt substitutes into evaporator model, calculates through evaporator
Refrigerant mass fluxes qme；
(11) compare qmtAnd qmeIf | qme-qmt|≤0.01, then carry out step (10)；If | qme-qmt| > 0.01 then sentences
Determine suction port of compressor enthalpy h1Less than normal, return step (4) increases h1Setting value repeats step (4)-(11) until meeting the requirements.
(12) output meets the p that above-mentioned iteration requiresc、p1、tc、te、W、t1、t2、t3And t5Numerical value；And pass through pe=
p1, xgrd=t1-te, pgrd=t2-t3, gld=tc-t5, COP=Qe/ W calculates the steaming of refrigerant in the evaporator of water cooler
Send out pressure pe, the suction superheat xgrd of compressor inlet refrigerant, compressor outlet refrigerant discharge superheat pgrd, cold
The degree of supercooling gld and water cooler coefficient of performance of condenser outlet refrigerant.
(13) pass through chilled water out temperature teiAnd teo, cooling water outlet and inlet temperature tciAnd tco, refrigerant in evaporator
Evaporating temperature teAnd in condenser refrigerant condensation temperature tcComputational representation characterization factor chilled water disengaging water temperature difference ewc,
Condensation approaches temperature tca, evaporation approaches temperature tea and cooling water disengaging water temperature difference cwc.
(14) characterization factor (W, p of characterization failure are determined using exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) EWMA methodc、pe、gld、
Xgrd, pgrd, COP, ewc, tca, tea and cwc) reasonable threshold value range.
(15) rule of the failure modes according to shown in the reasonable threshold value and table 1 of the characterization factor of above-mentioned 11 characterization failures
Table determines the fault type of water cooler.
It can be surveyed in parameter database from the centrifugal refrigerating machines in the Practical Project and extract chilled water under nominal situation
Flow Me, refrigerating capacity Qe, cooling water outlet temperature teoAnd chilled water import temperature tei33 by when operation data, and by four
A parameter by when data substitute into embodiment the step of (4)~(12) in, influence Analysis on Fault Diagnosis some effects parameter (pressure
Suction superheat xgrd, the discharge superheat pgrd of compressor outlet refrigerant, condensator outlet system of contracting machine inlet refrigerant
Degree of supercooling gld, compressor power consumption and the water cooler coefficient of performance of cryogen) calculated result as shown in Fig. 2~4, by scheming
2 and such as 3 it is found that the fault diagnosis mechanism model proposed through the invention calculates compressor power consumption W and water cooler performance demands
Number COP and measured value are very close, and mean absolute error meets engineering error allowable range within 2%；As shown in Figure 4
The degree of supercooling gld of condensator outlet refrigerant, the discharge superheat pgrd of compressor outlet refrigerant and suction port of compressor Europe system
The average value of the suction superheat xgrd of cryogen is respectively 4.72 DEG C, 7.28 DEG C and 4.69 DEG C, meets the setting value of general unit.
By centrifugal refrigerating machines different faults type in the Practical Project, (cooling water inflow reduces (fwc), freezing water subtracts
Lack (fwe), refrigerant leakage/filling insufficient (rl), refrigerant charging excessive (ro), condenser fouling (cf) and there are non-solidifying
Property gas (nc)) under corresponding chilled water import temperature tei, chilled water outlet temperature teo, chilled-water flow Me, cooling water goes out
Mouth temperature tco, cooling water inlet temperature tciAnd refrigerating capacity QeOperation data substitute into step (1)~(15), the results showed that this hair
The water cooler method for diagnosing faults of bright proposition can accurately and effectively identify the various fault types of water cooler, the equal > of accuracy rate
85%.
In conclusion it is proposed by the present invention it is a kind of have for idle call water cooler method for diagnosing faults it is certain feasible
Property and referentiability.The water cooler fault diagnosis mechanism model proposed, which can be solved effectively, influences Analysis on Fault Diagnosis
Affecting parameters, the affecting parameters include the condensation temperature t of refrigerant in condenserc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporation temperature
Spend te, in condenser refrigerant condensing pressure pc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporating pressure pe, compressor inlet refrigerant
Suction superheat xgrd, the discharge superheat pgrd of compressor outlet refrigerant, condensator outlet refrigerant degree of supercooling gld,
Compressor power consumption W and water cooler coefficient of performance；The water cooler method for diagnosing faults proposed can be distinguished effectively
Water cooler typical fault (cooling water inflow reduce (fwc), freezing discharge reduction (fwe), refrigerant leakage/filling insufficient (rl),
Refrigerant charging excessive (ro), condenser fouling (cf) and there are non-condensable gas (nc)), fault diagnosis accuracy is all larger than
85%.
Claims (1)
1. being used for air conditioner cold water Site for Unit method for diagnosing faults, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1: parameter can be surveyed by surveying parameter and establishing for water cooler operation scene acquisition influence water cooler fault diagnosis
Database, the parameter of surveying includes chilled water import temperature tei, chilled water outlet temperature teo, chilled-water flow Me, it is cooling
Water outlet temperature tco, cooling water inlet temperature tciAnd refrigerating capacity Qe；
Step 2: water cooler fault diagnosis mechanism model is established, for solving the affecting parameters for influencing Analysis on Fault Diagnosis, institute
The affecting parameters stated include the condensation temperature t of refrigerant in condenserc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporating temperature te, in condenser
The condensing pressure p of refrigerantc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporating pressure pe, compressor inlet refrigerant suction superheat
Xgrd, the discharge superheat pgrd of compressor outlet refrigerant, the degree of supercooling gld of condensator outlet refrigerant, compressor power consumption W
And water cooler coefficient of performance；
The solution procedure of the affecting parameters is as follows:
(1) from can survey in parameter database extract chilled-water flow Me, refrigerating capacity Qe, cooling water outlet temperature teoAnd chilled water
Inlet temperature teiOperation data, and set the condensing pressure p of refrigerant in condensercInitial value and suction port of compressor system
Cryogen enthalpy h1Initial value；
(2) evaporator model, condenser model, expansion valve model and the compression of water cooler are constructed in a manner of Modularization modeling
Machine model, the expression of each model are as follows:
(a) evaporator model:
The energy balance formula of evaporator and refrigerant mass fluxes q by evaporatormeCalculation formula are as follows:
qme=Qe/(h1-h6)
T in formulaeFor the evaporating temperature of refrigerant in evaporator；AUeFor evaporator heat transfer coefficient；
(b) condenser model:
The heat exchange amount Q of refrigerant in condenserkAnd the refrigerant mass fluxes q for passing through condensermkIt is counted respectively with following formula
It calculates:
Qk=W+Qe
W is compressor power consumption, h in formula2For the enthalpy of compressor outlet refrigerant, h5For the enthalpy of condensator outlet refrigerant；
(c) compressor model:
Compressor power consumption W and refrigeration flow q by compressormcIt is calculated respectively with following formula:
υ in formula1For the refrigerant specific volume of suction port of compressor；p1For suction pressure of compressor；p2For Compressor Discharge Pressure；b1,b2
For coefficient；
(d) expansion valve model:
The refrigerant mass fluxes q by expansion valve is obtained according to hydraulic formulamtAre as follows:
P in formula5,p6Respectively expansion valve inlet refrigerant pressure, expansion valve outlet refrigerant pressure；ρ5For expansion valve import system
Cryogen density；CDFor the discharge coefficient of expansion valve；Discharge coefficient using the U.S. Detroit company research empirical equation calculate into
Row is sought:
υ in formula6For the specific volume of expansion valve outlet refrigerant；
A is the circulation area of expansion valve, calculation formula are as follows:
A in formula, b, c are the coefficient in expansion valve circulation area fitting formula；
(3) by Me、Qe、teoAnd teiOperation data substitute into evaporator model in evaporator energy conservation equation formula calculate evaporation
The evaporating temperature t of refrigerant in devicee；
(4) compressor inlet refrigerant pressure p is sought by refrigerant thermodynamic computing1, compressor outlet refrigerant pressure p2, pressure
Contracting machine exports refrigerant enthalpy h2, compressor inlet refrigerant specific volume υ1And compressor imports and exports refrigerant temperature t1,t2, and
It substitutes into compressor model and calculates qmcWith W；
(5) q is enabledmk=qmc, by W and h2Calculated result substitute into condenser model, calculate QkAnd condensator outlet refrigerant
Enthalpy h5, and condenser inlet refrigerant temperature t is sought by refrigerant thermodynamic computing3And in condenser refrigerant condensation
Temperature tc；
(6) by ρ5、p5、p6And υ6Calculated value and refrigerating capacity QeNumerical value substitute into expansion valve model, calculate through expansion valve
Refrigerant mass fluxes qmt, and pass through refrigerant thermodynamic computing expansion valve inlet refrigerant temperature t5；
(7) compare qmtAnd qmcIf | qmt-qmc|≤0.01, then carry out step (8)；If | qmt-qmc| > 0.01 then determines to condense
Pressure pcSetting value is higher, and return step (1) reduces pcSetting value repeats step (1)-(7)；
(8) by setting value h1, calculated value h6And known parameters QeIt substitutes into evaporator model, calculates the refrigeration by evaporator
Agent mass flow qme；
(9) compare qmtAnd qmeIf | qme-qmt|≤0.01, then carry out step (10)；If | qme-qmt| > 0.01 then determines to compress
Machine entrance enthalpy h1Less than normal, return step (1) increases h1Setting value repeats step (1)-(9) until meeting the requirements；
(10) output meets the p that above-mentioned iteration requiresc、p1、te、W、t1、t2、t3、tcAnd t5Numerical value；
(11) pass through pe=p1, xgrd=t1-te, pgrd=t2-t3, gld=tc-t5, COP=QeThe steaming of/W calculating water cooler
Send out the row of the evaporating pressure of refrigerant, the suction superheat xgrd of compressor inlet refrigerant, compressor outlet refrigerant in device
The degree of supercooling gld and water cooler coefficient of performance of gas degree of superheat pgrd, condensator outlet refrigerant；
Step 3: from the characterization factor of two angle building characterization failures of economy and practicability, the spy of the characterization failure
The sign factor includes chilled water disengaging water temperature difference ewc, condensation approaches temperature tca, evaporation approaches temperature tea, refrigerant in condenser
Condensing pressure pc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporating pressure pe, compressor power consumption W, cooling water pass in and out water temperature difference cwc, compressor
The suction superheat xgrd of inlet refrigerant, the discharge superheat pgrd of compressor outlet refrigerant, condensator outlet refrigerant
Degree of supercooling gld, water cooler coefficient of performance；
Wherein: ewc=tei-teoTca=tc-tcoTea=teo-teCwc=tco-tci
Step 4: determining the reasonable threshold of the characterization factor of above-mentioned 11 characterization failures using exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) EWMA method
It is worth range；
Step 5: carrying out fault type judgement:
When cooling water inflow, which occurs, for water cooler reduces failure, made in the characterization factor compressor power consumption W of characterization failure, condenser
The condensing pressure p of cryogenc, in evaporator refrigerant evaporating pressure pe, condensator outlet refrigerant degree of supercooling gld, condensation force
Nearly temperature tca, cooling water disengaging water temperature difference cwc, 1/COP are above the upper limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；Compressor into
The suction superheat xgrd of mouth refrigerant, evaporation approach the lower limit value that temperature tea is below two characterization factor threshold ranges；Pressure
Contracting machine exports the discharge superheat pgrd of refrigerant, chilled water disengaging water temperature difference ewc in two characterization factor institute threshold value models
In enclosing, and it is held essentially constant；
When cooling water inflow, which occurs, for water cooler reduces failure, characterization factor W, ewc, 1/COP of characterization failure are above each spy
Levy the upper limit value of factor threshold range；pe, xgrd, tea be below the lower limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；pc、tca、cwc
Within the scope of three characterization factor institute threshold values, and it is held essentially constant；Gld and pgrd, which is then presented, first to be increased and is higher than its threshold
It is worth the upper limit value of range, then reduces and be lower than the change procedure of the lower limit value of its threshold range；
When refrigerant leakage/filling deficiency failure occurs for water cooler, characterization factor W, p of characterization failurec、gld、tca、1/
COP is below the lower limit value of each characterization factor threshold range, the characterization factor p of remaining characterization failuree、xgrd、pgrd、tea、
Ewc, cwc are held essentially constant within the scope of institute's threshold value；
When refrigerant charging excess failure occurs for water cooler, characterization factor W, p of characterization failurec、gld、pgrd、tca、
Cwc, 1/COP are above the upper limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；peLower than the lower limit value of its characterization factor threshold range；Its
Remaining characterization factor xgrd, tea, ewc are held essentially constant within the scope of each factor institute threshold value；
When Condenser fouling fault occurs for water cooler, characterization factor W, p of characterization failurec, tca, cwc, 1/COP be above
The upper limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；Remaining characterization factor pe, gld, xgrd, pgrd, tea, ewc be in institute's threshold value
In range, and it is held essentially constant；
When water cooler is there are when non-condensable gas failure, characterization factor W, p of characterization failurec、pe、gld、pgrd、tca、
Cwc, 1/COP are above the upper limit value of each characterization factor threshold range；Tea is lower than the lower limit value of its characterization factor threshold range；
Remaining characterization factor xgrd, ewc are held essentially constant within the scope of institute's threshold value.
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| CN117370870A (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-01-09 | 浙江大学 | Knowledge and data compound driven equipment multi-working condition identification and performance prediction method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114353854A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-04-15 | 蘑菇物联技术（深圳）有限公司 | Method, apparatus, and medium for online locating of anomaly sensors |
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| CN115127194A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-09-30 | 蘑菇物联技术（深圳）有限公司 | Method, equipment and medium for detecting faults of central air-conditioning water chilling unit |
| CN116593198A (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-08-15 | 蘑菇物联技术（深圳）有限公司 | Method, apparatus and medium for diagnosing non-condensable gas faults |
| CN116593198B (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-09-22 | 蘑菇物联技术（深圳）有限公司 | Method, apparatus and medium for diagnosing non-condensable gas faults |
| CN117370870A (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-01-09 | 浙江大学 | Knowledge and data compound driven equipment multi-working condition identification and performance prediction method |
| CN117370870B (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-02-20 | 浙江大学 | Knowledge and data compound driven equipment multi-working condition identification and performance prediction method |
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