CN109541693B - Non-contact type coal rock charged monitoring sensor sensitivity characteristic analysis device and method - Google Patents
Non-contact type coal rock charged monitoring sensor sensitivity characteristic analysis device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The device and the method can carry out quantitative analysis on main influence parameters of the non-contact coal and rock charged monitoring sensor, and the main influence parameters comprise induced charge q, distance h, axial position z, movement speed v and the like according to theoretical analysis. The invention solves the problem that the sensitivity characteristic of the existing coal-rock charged monitoring sensor is not clear, finds out the optimal parameter monitored by the sensor through the analysis of the sensitivity characteristic of the sensor, provides reference for monitoring the coal-rock charge precursor signal in subsequent indoor and field tests, and has important significance for monitoring and early warning disasters such as coal-rock deformation damage, rock burst and the like. The device for analyzing the sensitivity characteristics of the non-contact coal and rock charged monitoring sensor is scientific in design, simple in structure, easy to install, simple, convenient and effective in analysis method, and wide in application prospect in the aspect of application of the non-contact coal and rock charged monitoring sensor to monitoring and early warning of rock dynamic disasters such as coal mine rock burst and rock burst.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sensor characteristic analysis, and particularly relates to a device and a method for analyzing the sensitivity characteristic of a non-contact coal rock charged monitoring sensor.
Background
The coal rock dynamic disaster occurrence process such as rock burst is a mechanical process of energy accumulation and release in coal rocks, the process can indirectly reflect the internal state of the coal rocks along with the generation of charge signals of coal rock bodies, the non-contact coal rock electrification monitoring sensor can monitor the charge signals in the coal rock cracking process, the damage characteristics of each stage in the rock burst phenomenon process can be comprehensively reflected through the charge signals, and the method has important significance for predicting the rock burst. Sensitivity is one of important indexes for measuring the sensor, but the existing means can not realize the sensitivity analysis of the non-contact coal and rock charged monitoring sensor at present, and the application of the coal and rock charged monitoring sensor in coal mine dynamic disaster monitoring and early warning such as rock burst is severely restricted. Therefore, a corresponding device and a corresponding method are urgently needed to analyze the sensitivity characteristics of the non-contact coal-rock charged monitoring sensor, and provide a basis for monitoring, early warning and researching rock burst by using the coal-rock charged monitoring sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for analyzing the sensitivity characteristics of a non-contact type coal-rock charged monitoring sensor, aiming at the problems that the sensitivity characteristics of the existing coal-rock charged monitoring sensor are not clear, and the corresponding device and the method are lost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a sensitive characteristic analytical equipment of electrified monitoring sensor of non-contact coal petrography which characterized in that: the device comprises an organic glass bead and an organic glass bead cycloid used for hanging the organic glass bead, wherein a sensor sensitive element is arranged at a position corresponding to the position below the lowest point of the organic glass bead which does simple pendulum motion, the sensor sensitive element is connected with an electrified monitoring sensor, and the signal output end of the electrified monitoring sensor is sequentially connected with a signal conditioning circuit and a data acquisition unit.
The organic glass small ball cycloid, the organic glass small ball, the sensor sensitive element, the electrified monitoring sensor, the signal conditioning circuit and the data acquisition unit are all arranged inside the shielding box, and the shielding box is grounded through a grounding wire of the shielding box.
A method for analyzing the sensitivity characteristics of a coal rock charged monitoring sensor by using a non-contact coal rock charged monitoring sensor sensitivity characteristic analysis device comprises the following steps:
1) the organic glass beads are charged in a triboelectric charging mode and are used as induced charges; the organic glass bead cycloidal line is connected with the organic glass bead to do periodic single pendulum motion above the electrified monitoring sensor, the electrified monitoring sensor receives the induced charge quantity in the single pendulum motion process of the organic glass bead, and the induced charge quantity data of the sensor sensitive element is recorded and stored by the data collector after passing through the signal conditioner;
2) setting the charge quantity of the organic glass bead as Q, moving horizontally from right to left, and the moving speed as v, when the vertical distance between the lowest point of the charged organic glass bead and the sensor sensitive element is h, the horizontal distance between the charged organic glass bead and the sensor sensitive element is delta x, and when delta x → 0, calculating to obtain the sensor induced charge quantity Q as a formula
K represents an induction proportionality coefficient, and A represents an effective induction area of the sensitive element;
3) when the sensitive characteristics of a certain variable to a sensor are researched, the variable is changed, other variables are kept unchanged, and the experiment is repeatedly carried out;
4) and (3) respectively researching the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the induced charge signal of the sensor by the induced charge q, the vertical distance h, the axial position z and the motion speed v according to a formula (1).
The beneficial effects created by the invention are as follows: the device and the method have the advantages that the optimal parameters monitored by the sensor are found out through the analysis of the sensitivity characteristics of the sensor, reference is provided for monitoring a coal rock charge precursor signal in a follow-up indoor and field test, and the device and the method have important significance for monitoring and early warning disasters such as coal rock deformation damage, rock burst and the like. The non-contact coal and rock charged monitoring sensor sensitivity characteristic analysis device is scientific in design, simple in structure, easy to install and simple, convenient and effective in analysis method.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the charge sensor sensitivity characteristic analysis experiment system is schematic.
FIG. 2: and (3) a charge induction model diagram when the charged small ball passes through the lowest point.
FIG. 3 a: the sensor senses the charge decay trend in the 0-600s single pendulum motion of the small ball.
FIG. 3 b: the sensor senses the charge decay trend in the 30-35s simple pendulum motion of the small ball.
FIG. 4: the charge decays with time.
FIG. 5: graph of induced charge versus induced charge.
FIG. 6: and (5) sensitive elements with different distances h are sensitive to the attenuation trend graph of the induced charge quantity.
FIG. 7: graph of the effect of different distances h on induced charge at 100 s.
FIG. 8: different distances h are fitted to the induced charge maximum.
FIG. 9: different distances h induce a charge signal spectrum.
FIG. 10: different axial positions z are fitted to the induced charge maximum.
FIG. 11: the different axial positions z induce a charge spectrum.
FIG. 12: different motion velocities v are fitted to the induced charge maximum.
FIG. 13: different motion velocities v induce a charge spectrum.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a non-contact coal petrography electrified monitoring sensor sensitive characteristic analytical equipment, includes organic glass bobble 2 and is used for hanging organic glass bobble cycloid 1 of organic glass bobble 2, and organic glass bobble 2 is equipped with sensor sensing element 3 in the minimum below correspondence position department of simple pendulum motion, and sensor sensing element 3 is connected with electrified monitoring sensor 4, and signal output part of electrified monitoring sensor 4 connects gradually signal conditioning circuit 5 and data collection station 6. The organic glass spherule cycloid 1, the organic glass spherule 2, the sensor sensitive element 3, the charged monitoring sensor 4, the signal conditioning circuit 5 and the data acquisition unit 6 are all arranged inside the shielding box 7, and the shielding box 7 is grounded through a shielding box grounding wire 8.
The TST5915 dynamic signal data acquisition system is selected by the signal conditioning circuit 5 and the data acquisition unit 6.
A method for analyzing the sensitivity characteristics of a coal rock charged monitoring sensor by using a non-contact coal rock charged monitoring sensor sensitivity characteristic analysis device comprises the following steps:
1) the organic glass beads 2 are charged by a frictional electrification mode and are used as an induced charge; the cycloidal 1 of the organic glass bead is connected with the organic glass bead 2 to do periodic single pendulum motion above the electrified monitoring sensor 4, the electrified monitoring sensor 4 receives the induced charge quantity in the single pendulum motion process of the organic glass bead 2, and the induced charge quantity data of the sensor sensitive element 3 is recorded and stored by the data acquisition unit 6 after passing through the signal conditioner 5;
2) setting the electric charge quantity of the organic glass bead 2 as Q, horizontally moving from right to left with the moving speed as v, and setting the vertical distance between the lowest point of the charged organic glass bead 2 and the sensor sensitive element 3 as h, the horizontal distance between the charged organic glass bead 2 and the sensor sensitive element 3 as delta x, and when the delta x → 0, calculating to obtain the sensor induction electric charge quantity Q as a formula
K represents an induction proportionality coefficient, and A represents an effective induction area of the sensitive element;
3) when the sensitive characteristics of a certain variable to the sensor are analyzed, the variable is changed, other variables are kept unchanged, and the experiment is repeated;
4) and (3) respectively researching the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the induced charge signal of the sensor by the induced charge q, the vertical distance h, the axial position z and the motion speed v according to a formula (1).
The principle of analyzing the sensitive characteristics of the non-contact coal rock charged monitoring sensor is as follows:
an indoor experiment or field charge monitoring object is generally a coal rock structure with a certain size, and the damage state of the coal rock and the gas migration condition in the coal rock are monitored according to the change rule of the coal rock charge. Because the coal rock charge monitoring experiment mainly researches the change of the total charge of the charged system, and the total charge of the charged system is formed by superposing a large number of point charge motions, when the sensitive characteristic of the charged monitoring sensor 4 is analyzed, the point charge can be replaced by the charged organic glass bead 2, and the sensitive characteristic of the coal rock charge sensor is analyzed through the simple pendulum motion experiment of the charged organic glass bead 2.
In the experimental process, when the sensitive characteristic of a variable to a sensor is researched, the variable is changed, and other variables are kept unchanged to carry out the experiment. In the experimental system, the space size of the sensing element 3 of the coal rock sensor is far smaller than that of the sensing element, and the cycloid 1 of the organic glass microsphere is long enough, so that the path of the organic glass microsphere 2 passing right above the sensing element 3 of the electrified monitoring sensor is approximate to a straight line.
Theoretical analysis:
the model of the charge induction when the charged organic glass bead 2 passes through the lowest point is shown in fig. 2, assuming that the charge amount of the organic glass bead 2 is Q, the organic glass bead moves horizontally from right to left, the moving speed is v, and the vertical distance between the lowest point of the charged organic glass bead 2 and the sensor sensitive element 3 is h, the horizontal distance between the charged organic glass bead 2 and the sensor sensitive element 3 is delta x, when delta x → 0, the sensor induced charge amount Q is calculated by the formula
Example 1:
according to the formula (1), the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the induced charge signal of the sensor can be respectively researched by the induced charge q, the vertical distance h, the axial position z and the motion speed v. In the test, the friction charge quantity of the small balls in each test can not be ensured to be the same, so that part of test results are subjected to normalization treatment. The sensitivity characteristic analysis will be described below by taking the induced charge q and the vertical distance h as examples.
1. Influence of the induced charge q
The sensitivity characteristic of the sensor is determined by comparing the relationship between the induced charge on the sensor sensing element 3 and the charge of the plexiglass bead 2. When the organic glass ball 2 does simple pendulum motion, the speed reaches the maximum value when passing through the lowest point, and the receiving charge quantity of the sensitive element reaches the maximum value. When H is 60mm and H is 160, the induced charge quantity received by the simple pendulum experiment sensitive element is shown in the attenuation trend of the induced charge quantity as shown in fig. 3 a. Fig. 3b is the variation trend of the induced charge amount in the process of 30s-35s in fig. 3a, and it can be seen from fig. 3b that the variation trend of the induced charge amount is similar to a sinusoidal signal, the amplitude gradually attenuates, the 2-organic glass bead is located at the lowest point at the peak of the charge signal in each period, and the swing period T of the bead is calculated to be approximately equal to 0.8 s.
Because the air resistance effect, the speed that organic glass pellet 2 passes through the minimum reduces gradually, and 2 surface charges of organic glass pellet are also in continuous decay simultaneously, and the electric charge volume reduces gradually, and its electric charge volume decay law can be known by following formula:
wherein Q (t) represents the charge amount of the organic glass beads 2 at the time t; q0Represents the initial charge of the plexiglass bead 2; τ is 2-total time of discharge of the plexiglass pellets.
Assuming initial charge Q of the plexiglass bead 20The total discharge time τ is 600s at 1pC, the time from the pellet movement to the lowest point is randomly recorded 12 times in the experiment process, the theoretical charge amount when the plexiglass pellet 2 reaches the lowest point is calculated according to the formula (2), and the induced charge amount of the sensing element is listed from 12 times corresponding to fig. 3a, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of theoretical and induced charge
Because the initial charge amount of the organic glass bead 2 under the action of friction is unknown, the induced charge amount of the sensitive element is compared with the theoretical value of the surface charge amount of the bead conveniently, and the induced charge amount and the theoretical charge amount are normalized respectively, as shown in fig. 4. As can be seen from fig. 4, the amount of induced charge of the sensor sensing element 3 and the amount of theoretical charge of the pellet gradually decrease with time, and the amount of induced charge is smaller than the amount of theoretical charge.
Because the simple pendulum movement of the organic glass bead 2 is not completely strict in the experimental process, the attenuation of the electric charge of the bead and the movement speed of the bead, the temperature and the humidity of the external environment are all the sameA certain relationship. The theoretical charge amount of the bead can be regarded as the induced charge amount of the 3-sensor sensitive element, as shown in fig. 5, it can be seen that the induced charge amount of the sensor sensitive element 3 increases with the increase of the induced charge amount, the induced charge amount is approximately in an exponential relationship, data of the induced charge amount is fitted, and the obtained fitting function is Q-e0.168q-6.723，R20.996, comparing with the theoretical formula (1) Q KAq/[ h ═ Q2+(Δx-vt)2]Under the condition that other variables are kept unchanged, the induced charge and the induced charge are in a direct proportion relation, so that the test result slightly deviates from a theoretical formula, but the general trend is not changed.
2. Vertical distance h influence
Through the experiment, make organic glass bobble 2 be located sensor sensing element 3 under, simple pendulum line length L equals 160mm, guarantees simultaneously that the simple pendulum motion bobble of every turn falls from same height H equals 160mm to the maximum value equals when guaranteeing that the bobble moves to the minimum every time. Mgh-mv according to the law of conservation of energy, irrespective of air resistance2And/2, calculating the speed of the small ball at the lowest point to be about 1.79m/s, according to the periodic formula of the simple pendulum motion of the object,
the ball movement period was calculated to be about 0.80 s. And sequentially changing the distances h and h between the lowest point of the small ball motion track and the sensitive element to be 10mm, 20mm, 40mm, 60mm, 80mm, 100mm and 150mm respectively.
Fig. 6 shows the decay trend of the induced charge amount of the sensor sensitive element 3 at different distances h, fig. 7 shows a single-period induced charge signal near the 100 th s in fig. 6, and it can be seen from the graph that the induced charge amount gradually decays, and the induced charge amount decreases with the increase of the distance h. Fig. 8 is a curve fitting the maximum value of the induced charge to the distance h in fig. 7, and it can be seen that the amount of the induced charge decreases as the distance h increases, and the formula (1) Q is KAq/[ h ═ h2+(Δx-vt)2]Wherein h is independent variable, Q is dependent variable, and others are constants, the curve of the maximum value of induced charge and the distance h is as shown in FIG. 8, and the fitting function is Q12654.03/(h)2+607.08)，R2The experimental results are in line with theory 0.986. Drawing (A)The different distance h sensor induced charge signal spectra are shown at 9.
In the same way, other variables are kept unchanged, and the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the sensor induced charge signals at different axial positions z and different movement speeds v are obtained by changing the axial positions z and the movement speeds v, as shown in fig. 10-13.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a sensitive characteristic analytical equipment of electrified monitoring sensor of non-contact coal petrography which characterized in that: the device comprises an organic glass small ball (2) and an organic glass small ball cycloid (1) for hanging the organic glass small ball (2), wherein a sensor sensitive element (3) is arranged at a position corresponding to the position below the lowest point of the single pendulum motion of the organic glass small ball (2), the sensor sensitive element (3) is connected with an electrified monitoring sensor (4), and the signal output end of the electrified monitoring sensor (4) is sequentially connected with a signal conditioning circuit (5) and a data acquisition unit (6);
the method for analyzing the sensitivity characteristic of the electric detection sensor by using the non-contact type coal rock electrified monitoring sensor sensitivity characteristic analysis device comprises the following steps:
1) the organic glass beads (2) are charged in a triboelectric manner and are used as an induced charge; the cycloidal line (1) of the organic glass bead is connected with the organic glass bead (2) to do periodic single pendulum motion above the electrified monitoring sensor (4), the electrified monitoring sensor (4) receives the induction charge quantity in the single pendulum motion process of the organic glass bead (2), and the induction charge quantity data of the sensor sensitive element (3) is recorded and stored by the data collector (6) after passing through the signal conditioner (5);
2) setting the electric charge quantity of the organic glass bead (2) as Q, horizontally moving from right to left, setting the moving speed as v, and setting the vertical direction distance between the lowest point of the electrified organic glass bead (2) and the sensor sensitive element (3) as h, the horizontal distance between the electrified organic glass bead (2) and the sensor sensitive element (3) as delta x, and when delta x → 0, calculating the induced electric charge quantity Q of the sensor as a formula
K represents an induction proportionality coefficient, and A represents an effective induction area of the sensitive element; t represents time;
3) when the sensitive characteristics of a certain variable to a sensor are researched, the variable is changed, other variables are kept unchanged, and the experiment is repeatedly carried out;
4) and (3) respectively researching the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the induced charge signal of the sensor by the induced charge q, the vertical distance h, the axial position z and the motion speed v according to a formula (1).
2. The device for analyzing the sensitivity characteristics of the non-contact coal rock charged monitoring sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device is characterized in that the organic glass small ball cycloid (1), the organic glass small ball (2), the sensor sensitive element (3), the charged monitoring sensor (4), the signal conditioning circuit (5) and the data acquisition unit (6) are all arranged inside the shielding box (7), and the shielding box (7) is grounded through a shielding box grounding wire (8).
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