CN109540745B - Precise form detection system and detection method - Google Patents
Precise form detection system and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109540745B CN109540745B CN201811570951.7A CN201811570951A CN109540745B CN 109540745 B CN109540745 B CN 109540745B CN 201811570951 A CN201811570951 A CN 201811570951A CN 109540745 B CN109540745 B CN 109540745B
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 122
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N2015/0294—Particle shape
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Abstract
The invention provides a precise form detection system and a detection method, wherein: 1) The motor driving module drives the light source object stage to translate, so that the camera is positioned right above the photographed particles; 2) The camera shoots pictures of the particles and transmits the pictures to the image acquisition module to obtain the outer contours of the particles; 3) Scanning particles from right above by using a linear profile scanner, and simultaneously driving a stepping motor to work by a motor driving module to obtain the height profile of the particles; 4) The angular measurement module in the computer calculates the data of the particle outer contour and the height contour by using a fitting ellipsometry, a circumscribing method and a circumscribing polygon method, and respectively obtains the two-dimensional angular of the particle; 5) The needle-shaped measuring module obtains the needle shape of the particles by utilizing the outline of the particles; the flatness measuring module obtains the flatness of the particles by utilizing the outer contour and the height contour of the particles. Therefore, the particle angularity, the needle shape and the flatness are measured rapidly, and the measurement accuracy of the particle angularity is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a precise form detection system and a detection method.
Background
At present, the two-dimensional measurement of the particle angularity adopts an image method, the external boundary outline of the particle is obtained through image morphological processing such as image filtering, image binarization, image filling and the like, and the angularity of the particle is represented by a related two-dimensional angularity representation method, and the two methods at presentThe method for measuring the dimensional angularity comprises the following steps: the larger the surface parameter value obtained by the image erosion-expansion method is, the larger the angularity is; the Fourier series method of the contour radius can be used for obtaining the contour radius R (theta), which can be expanded by the Fourier series, and the particle angularity and the angular significance index a thereof r Proportional to the ratio; a digital image processing technology is adopted to provide a calculation formula of the coarse aggregate radius method angular index and the gradient method angular index; an evaluation method of aggregate angularity by adopting a particle Zhou Changfa and fractal geometry method. Although the above method can characterize the two-dimensional angularity of the particles, only the angularity of the outer contours of the particles is considered, and thus the angularity of the particles as a whole is greatly different. The invention can obtain the height profile of the particles by adopting the linear profile scanner, the particles can move back and forth through the stepping motor, so that the height profile of the whole upper surface of the particles is obtained, and then the edge angle of the upper surface of the particles can be obtained through an edge angle algorithm, so that the accuracy of measuring the edge angle by adding the linear profile scanner can be improved. The system can also measure the needle shape and flatness of the particles at the same time, thus forming the particle morphology detection system. And then calculating the outline data according to 3 algorithms such as a fitting ellipsometry, a circumscribing method, a circumscribing polygon method and the like, and respectively solving the two-dimensional angular properties of the particles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a precise form detection system and a detection method, which can simultaneously and rapidly measure the edge angle, the needle shape and the flatness of particles.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a precision morphology detection system comprising: the device comprises a camera, a linear profile scanner, a controller, a stepping motor, a light source objective table, a screw rod and a limit switch;
the camera and the linear profile scanner are respectively arranged above the light source object stage, the screw rod is connected with the light source object stage, and the stepping motor drives the screw rod to rotate so that the light source object stage translates along the length direction of the screw rod; the limit switches are arranged on two sides of the light source object stage along the length direction of the screw rod and used for limiting the movement displacement of the light source object stage;
the controller is used for setting parameters of a linear contour scanner, the linear contour scanner is connected with a contour acquisition module in a computer, the camera is connected with an image acquisition module in the computer, and the stepping motor is connected with a motor driving module in the computer.
The invention also provides a method for detecting the precise form by using the precise form detection system, which comprises the following steps:
1) The screw rod is driven to rotate through the motor driving module, and the light source object stage is driven to translate, so that the camera is positioned right above the photographed particles;
2) The camera shoots pictures of the particles and transmits the pictures to the image acquisition module for image processing to obtain the outer contour of the particles;
3) Scanning the particles from right above by using a linear profile scanner, and simultaneously driving a stepping motor to work by a motor driving module, so that the linear profile scanner completely scans the whole particles to obtain the height profile of the particles;
4) The angular measurement module in the computer calculates the data of the particle outer contour and the height contour by using a fitting ellipsometry, a circumscribing method and a circumscribing polygon method, and respectively obtains the two-dimensional angular of the particle;
5) The needle-shaped measuring module in the computer obtains the needle shape of the particles by utilizing the outline of the particles; the flatness measuring module in the computer obtains the flatness of the particles by using the outer contour and the height contour of the particles.
In a preferred embodiment: in step 2, the image processing includes image filtering, image binarization, image filling and image contour extraction.
In a preferred embodiment: the image filtering comprises one or more of median filtering, bilateral filtering and Gaussian filtering.
In a preferred embodiment: in step 3, the height profile of the particles is transmitted to a computer for denoising, and then is stored in the computer in the form of two-dimensional coordinate points.
In a preferred embodiment: the fitting ellipsometry is to fit contour coordinate points of particles into ellipses by adopting a least square method principle, compare the contours of the particles with the ellipses, and thus obtain the angular property of the particles, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, point P (x i ,y i ) For any point coordinate on the particle profile, point M (xh i ,yh i ) Is point P (x i ,y i ) The coordinate points closest to the fitted ellipse are corresponding, b is the short half-axis length of the fitted ellipse, n is the total number of contour coordinate points, and 72 is the division of the particle contour into 72 equal parts.
In a preferred embodiment: the circumscribing method is to surround the outline coordinate point of the particle by using the minimum circumscribing circle, and then compare the coordinate point with the circumscribing circle, thereby obtaining the edge angle of the particle, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, point P (x i ,y i ) For any point coordinate on the particle profile, point M (x 0 ,y 0 ) The method is characterized in that the method is used for dividing the outline of the particle into 72 equal parts, wherein the outline is defined as the circle center coordinate point of the circumscribed circle, r is the radius of the circumscribed circle, n is the total number of outline coordinate points, and 72 is defined as the dividing of the outline of the particle into 72 equal parts.
In a preferred embodiment: the circumscribing polygon method is to surround the contour coordinate point by using the smallest circumscribing polygon, and then compare the circumscribing polygon area Ap with the outer contour area A, thereby obtaining the edge angle of the particle, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in a preferred embodiment: in step 5, the needle-shaped measuring module defines a needle shape by the ratio of the major axis a to the minor axis b of the equivalent ellipse of the particle outline; the equivalent ellipse is an ellipse with the same perimeter and the same area as the outline of the particle.
In a preferred embodiment: in step 5, the flatness measurement module defines flatness by the ratio of the maximum value T of the particle's flatness profile to the minimum rectangular width B of the outer profile.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a precise form detection system and a detection method, which are characterized in that firstly, a particle picture is obtained by shooting in the forward projection direction through a camera, and then two-dimensional outline coordinate points of particles are obtained through operations such as image filtering, image binarization, image filling, image contour extraction and the like; then the height profile of the particles is obtained through a linear profile scanner, and the height profile of the whole upper surface of the particles can be obtained through the scanner because the stepping motor can drive the particles to move; and then calculating the outline data according to 3 algorithms such as a fitting ellipsometry, a circumscribing method, a circumscribing polygon method and the like, and respectively solving the two-dimensional angular properties of the particles. The needle-shaped particle can be obtained by the ratio of the major axis a to the minor axis b of the equivalent ellipse of the particle outline; the flatness of the particles is obtained by the ratio of the maximum value T of the height profile of the upper surface to the minimum rectangular width B of the outer profile, the invention is an effective application of adopting an image processing technology and a scanner technology in the aspect of particle morphological feature detection, the particle angularity, needle shape and flatness can be measured rapidly at the same time, and the measurement precision of the particle angularity is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting precise morphology according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a precise form detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
A precision morphology detection system comprising: camera 202, linear profile scanner 201, controller 206, stepper motor 205, light source stage 203, screw 214, limit switch 204;
the camera 202 and the linear profile scanner 201 are respectively arranged above the light source stage 203, the screw rod 214 is connected with the light source stage 203, and the step motor 205 drives the screw rod 214 to rotate so that the light source stage 203 translates along the length direction of the screw rod 214; the limit switches 204 are disposed on both sides of the light source stage 203 along the length direction of the screw rod 214, and are used for limiting the movement displacement of the light source stage 203;
the controller 206 is used for setting parameters of the linear profile scanner 201, the linear profile scanner 201 is connected to a profile acquisition module 210 in the computer 207, the camera 202 is connected to an image acquisition module 208 in the computer 207, and the stepper motor 205 is connected to a motor drive module 209 in the computer 207.
The method for detecting the precise form by using the precise form detection system comprises the following steps:
step 101, driving the screw rod 214 to rotate through the motor driving module 209, and driving the light source stage 203 to translate, so that the camera 202 is positioned right above the photographed particles;
step 102, the camera 202 captures a picture of the particle and transmits the picture to the image acquisition module 208, and image processing including image filtering, image binarization, image filling, image contour extraction and the like is performed to obtain an outer contour of the particle;
step 103, scanning the particles from right above by using the linear profile scanner 201, and simultaneously driving the stepping motor 205 to work by the motor driving module 209, so that the linear profile scanner 201 completely scans the whole particles to obtain the height profile of the particles;
104, the angular measurement module 211 in the computer 207 calculates the data of the particle outer contour and the height contour by using a fitting ellipsometry, a circumscribing method and a circumscribing polygon method, and respectively obtains the two-dimensional angular properties of the particles;
step 105, the needle-shaped measuring module 213 in the computer 207 obtains the needle shape of the particle by using the outer contour of the particle; the flatness measurement module 212 in the computer 207 uses the particle outer profile and the height profile to derive the flatness of the particles.
In step 102, the image filtering includes one or more of median filtering, bilateral filtering, and gaussian filtering.
In step 103, the height profile of the particle is transmitted to the computer 207 for denoising, and then stored in the computer 207 in the form of two-dimensional coordinate points.
In step 104, the fitting ellipsometry is to fit the contour coordinate points of the particles into ellipses by using the least square method, and compare the contours of the particles with the ellipses, so as to obtain the angular properties of the particles, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, point P (x i ,y i ) For any point coordinate on the particle profile, point M (xh i ,yh i ) Is point P (x i ,y i ) The coordinate points closest to the fitted ellipse are corresponding, b is the short half-axis length of the fitted ellipse, n is the total number of contour coordinate points, and 72 is the division of the particle contour into 72 equal parts.
In step 104, the circumscribing method is to enclose the contour coordinate point of the particle with the minimum circumscribing circle, and then compare the coordinate point with the circumscribing circle, thereby obtaining the angular property of the particle, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, point P (x i ,y i ) For any point coordinate on the particle profile, point M (x 0 ,y 0 ) The method is characterized in that the method is used for dividing the outline of the particle into 72 equal parts, wherein the outline is defined as the circle center coordinate point of the circumscribed circle, r is the radius of the circumscribed circle, n is the total number of outline coordinate points, and 72 is defined as the dividing of the outline of the particle into 72 equal parts.
In step 104, the circumscribing polygon method is to surround the contour coordinate point with the smallest circumscribing polygon, and then compare the circumscribing polygon area Ap with the outer contour area a, so as to obtain the angular property of the particles, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in step 105, the pin slice measuring module 213 defines a pin slice by the ratio of the major axis a to the minor axis b of the equivalent ellipse of the particle outer contour; the equivalent ellipse is an ellipse with the same perimeter and the same area as the outline of the particle.
In step 105, the flatness measurement module 212 defines flatness by the ratio of the maximum value T of the height profile of the particles to the minimum rectangular width B of the outer profile.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily think of the variations or technical scope of the present invention disclosed. Alternatives are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A precise form detection method is characterized in that: a precision morphology detection system is employed comprising: the device comprises a camera, a linear profile scanner, a controller, a stepping motor, a light source objective table, a screw rod and a limit switch;
the camera and the linear profile scanner are respectively arranged above the light source object stage, the screw rod is connected with the light source object stage, and the stepping motor drives the screw rod to rotate so that the light source object stage translates along the length direction of the screw rod; the limit switches are arranged on two sides of the light source object stage along the length direction of the screw rod and used for limiting the movement displacement of the light source object stage;
the controller is used for setting parameters of a linear profile scanner, the linear profile scanner is connected with a profile acquisition module in a computer, the camera is connected with an image acquisition module in the computer, and the stepping motor is connected with a motor driving module in the computer;
the detection method comprises the following steps:
1) The screw rod is driven to rotate through the motor driving module, and the light source object stage is driven to translate, so that the camera is positioned right above the photographed particles;
2) The camera shoots pictures of the particles and transmits the pictures to the image acquisition module for image processing to obtain the outer contour of the particles;
3) Scanning the particles from right above by using a linear profile scanner, and simultaneously driving a stepping motor to work by a motor driving module, so that the linear profile scanner completely scans the whole particles to obtain the height profile of the particles;
4) The angular measurement module in the computer calculates the data of the particle outer contour and the height contour by using a fitting ellipsometry, a circumscribing method and a circumscribing polygon method, and respectively obtains the two-dimensional angular of the particle;
5) The needle-shaped measuring module in the computer obtains the needle shape of the particles by utilizing the outline of the particles; the flatness measuring module in the computer obtains the flatness of the particles by utilizing the outer contour and the height contour of the particles;
the fitting ellipsometry is to fit contour coordinate points of particles into ellipses by adopting a least square method principle, compare the contours of the particles with the ellipses, and thus obtain the angular property of the particles, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, point P (x i ,y i ) For any point coordinate on the particle profile, point M (xh i ,yh i ) Is point P (x i ,y i ) The coordinate points closest to the fitted ellipse are corresponding, b is the short half-axis length of the fitted ellipse, n is the total number of contour coordinate points, and 72 is the division of the contour of the particle into 72 equal parts;
in step 5, the needle-shaped measuring module defines a needle shape by the ratio of the major axis a to the minor axis b of the equivalent ellipse of the particle outline; the equivalent ellipse is an ellipse with the same perimeter and area as the outline of the particle; in step 5, the flatness measurement module defines flatness by the ratio of the maximum value T of the height profile of the particles to the minimum rectangular width B of the outer profile.
2. The method for detecting precise morphology according to claim 1, wherein: in step 2, the image processing includes image filtering, image binarization, image filling and image contour extraction.
3. The method for detecting precise morphology according to claim 2, wherein: the image filtering comprises one or more of median filtering, bilateral filtering and Gaussian filtering.
4. The method for detecting precise morphology according to claim 1, wherein: in step 3, the height profile of the particles is transmitted to a computer for denoising, and then is stored in the computer in the form of two-dimensional coordinate points.
5. The method for detecting precise morphology according to claim 1, wherein: the circumscribing method is to surround the outline coordinate point of the particle by using the minimum circumscribing circle, and then compare the coordinate point with the circumscribing circle, thereby obtaining the edge angle of the particle, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, point P (x i ,y i ) For any point coordinate on the particle profile, point M (x 0 ,y 0 ) The method is characterized in that the method is used for dividing the outline of the particle into 72 equal parts, wherein the outline is defined as the circle center coordinate point of the circumscribed circle, r is the radius of the circumscribed circle, n is the total number of outline coordinate points, and 72 is defined as the dividing of the outline of the particle into 72 equal parts.
6. The method for detecting precise morphology according to claim 1, wherein: the circumscribing polygon method is to surround the contour coordinate point by using the smallest circumscribing polygon, and then compare the circumscribing polygon area Ap with the outer contour area A, thereby obtaining the edge angle of the particle, and the calculation formula is as follows:
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