CN109540637A - The evaluation method of grain size size in a kind of high chromium steel roller - Google Patents
The evaluation method of grain size size in a kind of high chromium steel roller Download PDFInfo
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- CN109540637A CN109540637A CN201811602102.5A CN201811602102A CN109540637A CN 109540637 A CN109540637 A CN 109540637A CN 201811602102 A CN201811602102 A CN 201811602102A CN 109540637 A CN109540637 A CN 109540637A
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- high chromium
- steel roller
- chromium steel
- grain size
- size
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/32—Polishing; Etching
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of evaluation methods of grain size size in high chromium steel roller, belong to technical field of detection of metal, include the following steps: that high chromium steel roller is cut into sample blocks by A., are roughly ground, fine grinding, polishing to sample blocks, obtain mirror surface；B. etch, metallography microscope sem observation etch degree are carried out to mirror surface；C. it is taken pictures with metallographic microscope, grain size size is evaluated.The present invention easy can rapidly analyze grain size size in high chromium steel roller, judge the problem of it is with the presence or absence of coarse grains, and for optimization, high chromium steel roller preparation process provides important evidence.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallographic structure evaluation method, especially a kind of evaluation side of grain size size belongs to metal material
Detection technique field.
Background technique
High chromium steel roller hardness is high, and wearability and heat crack resistance are good.Itself forms oxidation film in rolling, is conducive to improve
Stocking surface quality.High chromium steel roller is required without special water is cooling, due to its is with good performance and use condition always by
It is a large amount of to use.It is well known that the grain size size and uniformity of steel all have a great impact to the various performance indicators of steel, in reality
Have great importance in the production of border.And for high chrome, matrix is martensite, retained austenite and carbonization
Object, carbide are generally precipitated along the crystal boundary of crystal grain.Crystal grain is too small to cause crystal boundary excessive, and croop property is poor；Crystal grain is too big, not only makes
The poor performance of large forgings, and bring inconvenience to ultrasonic inspection, grain size plays the microstructure and property of steel decisive
Effect.Therefore, evaluate just the key for becoming evaluation high chromium steel roller performance to the size of grain size in high chromium steel roller.
A kind of display methods of the autstenitic grain size of high Cr heat resisting steel is disclosed in patent document 201410718415.2,
Preparation including metallographic sample grinds and polishes, the chemical etching of sample.By selection picric acid, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, add
Add the selection of agent rational proportion and etching time, can clearly show that ultra supercritical High inter case
The original austenite grains degree of X12CrMoWVNbN10-1-1 steel.This method etching solution complicated components, the process for preparation of etching solution
It is comparatively laborious, it also needs to be heat-treated before metallographic sample preparation, whole process takes a long time, low efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of evaluation method of grain size size in high chromium steel roller, energy
Enough simplicity rapidly analyze the size of crystalline substance degree grain in high chromium steel roller, judge the problem of it is with the presence or absence of coarse grains, are excellent
Change high chromium steel roller preparation process and important evidence is provided.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
The evaluation method of grain size size, includes the following steps: in a kind of high chromium steel roller
A. high chromium steel roller is cut into sample blocks, sample blocks is roughly ground, fine grinding, polishing, obtains mirror surface；
B. etch, metallography microscope sem observation etch degree are carried out to mirror surface；
C. it is taken pictures with metallographic microscope, grain size size is evaluated.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: cutting before to roll carry out freezing processing, cryogenic temperature be -15
~-5 DEG C, cooling time is 3~5h.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: when cutting choose emit end body of roll outer ring cut.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: selection sample blocks close to being roughly ground on one side of core, fine grinding,
Polishing.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: sample blocks successively pass through the carbon of 200#, 400#, 600# when corase grinding
The grinding of SiClx water-proof abrasive paper, the revolving speed of abrasive disk are 300~400rpm, corase grinding time totally 5~10min.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: sample blocks are successively resistance in the aluminium oxide of 800#, 1000# when fine grinding
It is ground on waterproof abrasive paper, the revolving speed of abrasive disk is 200~300rpm, fine grinding time totally 5~10min.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: sample is polished with polishing machine and polishing cloth when polishing.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: etch use etching solution, etching solution be nitric acid and dehydrated alcohol
Mixed solution, the volume ratio of nitric acid and dehydrated alcohol is (1~5): 20.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that the preparation method of etching solution includes the following steps: nitric acid dropping
Into dehydrated alcohol, stirred when being added dropwise.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: when etch, dip etching solution with absorbent cotton, wipe mirror surface, come
After returning wiping 3~5 times, etching solution is dipped again and repeats to wipe, until observing that carbide sharpness of border is with metallographic microscope
Only.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the technological progress achieved by the present invention is:
The evaluation method of grain size size in a kind of high chromium steel roller of the invention easy can rapidly analyze Gao Ge
The size of grain size in steel roll judges the problem of it is with the presence or absence of coarse grains, and for optimization, high chromium steel roller preparation process is mentioned
For important evidence.
What the present invention evaluated is the grain size size of high chromium steel roller, and high chromium steel roller matrix is martensite, remnants
Austenite and carbide, matrix is more complicated, and carbide morphology is not traditional M3C-type carbide, and
It is the M of the isolated block distribution with higher microhardness and wearability7C3Type and proeutectoid carbide, carbide generally can be along crystalline substances
The crystal boundary of grain is precipitated.It for the above characteristic of high chromium steel roller, uses the mixed solution of nitric acid and dehydrated alcohol for etching solution, soaks
Boundary or grain can clearly be shown after erosion, when the volume ratio of nitric acid and dehydrated alcohol is (1~5): when 20, although etch rates
Slowly, but etch obtains deeper, and carbide will not be precipitated along the crystal boundary of crystal grain, and crystal boundary is clear-cut, and crystal grain and intercrystalline are significantly
It shows flat and coarse difference, and intra-die is not in pitting, satisfied metallographic microscope can be obtained.If etch
The volume ratio of nitric acid is too low in liquid, then will form " step " in boundary or grain, it may appear that the grain size evaluation result of mistake, if body
Than excessively high, then boundary or grain is difficult to differentiate product, can not be evaluated.And etching solution comparison of ingredients of the invention is simple, preparation side
Just, in use, need to only wipe several times, that is, it can reach the effect of etch, remove electrolysis from, do not have to repeatedly etch and in metallography microscope
Under the microscope, detection time is shortened, detection efficiency is improved.
The present invention, which chooses to emit in cutting, holds body of roll outer ring to cut, and when in use, body of roll outer ring is high chromium steel roller
Groundwork position, sample herein it is most representative, corase grinding, fine grinding and polishing when selection sample blocks close to core one side into
Row, after grinding and polishing, sample blocks thickness is thinning, and obtained viewing surface (mirror surface) is evaluated closer to roll working position
Its grain size size is that may know that the performance of high chromium steel roller entirety, so as to preferably prepare work for optimization high chromium steel roller
Skill provides foundation.
The present invention has carried out freezing processing to roll before cutting, it is ensured that the sample blocks interior tissue after cutting is kept
Original state, obtained metallographic microscope are more in line with actual conditions.If roll is without freezing processing before cutting, in cutting process
And biggish heat and external force are generated due to huge frictional force during subsequent grinding and buffing, so that cutting
Obtained coupon by heat seal external force effect and interior tissue is changed, the metallographic structure obtained in this way is simultaneously non-real
The reflection of truth condition influences the evaluation of grain size size in roll, is easy to prepare work to high chromium steel roller according to this evaluation result
The optimization of skill is misled.
The present invention has carried out corase grinding, fine grinding, polishing before etch, and when corase grinding, sample successively passes through 200#, 400#, 600#
The grinding of silicon carbide water-proof abrasive paper, the revolving speed of abrasive disk is 300~400rpm, corase grinding time totally 5~10min；Sample when fine grinding
It is successively ground on the aluminium oxide water-proof abrasive paper of 800#, 1000#, the revolving speed of abrasive disk is 200~300rpm, fine grinding time
When totally 5~10min, it is ensured that sample uniform force prevents sample surfaces deformation serious and influences the authenticity of tissue, thus
Bright seamless mirror surface is obtained, is laid a good foundation for subsequent etch and the evaluation of grain size size.
Operation of the present invention is easy, and quickly, obtained grain size size evaluation result can satisfy requirement for detection, to be excellent
Change high chromium steel roller preparation process and important evidence is provided.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is metallograph of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below with reference to embodiment.
The evaluation method of grain size size, includes the following steps: in a kind of high chromium steel roller
It A. is 3~5h by high chromium steel roller is first placed in freezing in roll freezing equipment, cryogenic temperature is -15~-5 DEG C,
At riser end, body of roll edge takes ring, carries out wire cutting to ring, cut growth cube sample blocks select sample blocks close to the one of core
Face roughly ground, fine grinding, is polished with polishing machine and polishing cloth, obtains mirror surface；
Sample blocks successively pass through the silicon carbide water-proof abrasive paper grinding of 200#, 400#, 600# when corase grinding, and the revolving speed of abrasive disk is
300~400rpm, corase grinding time totally 5~10min；
Sample is successively ground on the aluminium oxide water-proof abrasive paper of 800#, 1000# when fine grinding, and the revolving speed of abrasive disk is
200~300rpm, fine grinding time totally 5~10min；
B. etch is carried out to mirror surface with etching solution, dips etching solution with absorbent cotton, gently wipes mirror surface, wipe 3~5 back and forth
After secondary, etching solution is dipped again and repeats to wipe, with metallography microscope sem observation etch degree, until observing carbon with metallographic microscope
Until compound sharpness of border；
Etching solution is the mixed solution of nitric acid and dehydrated alcohol, the volume ratio (1~5) of nitric acid and dehydrated alcohol: 20；Etch
Liquid preparation is to stir by nitric acid dropping into dehydrated alcohol when being added dropwise.
C. it is taken pictures with metallographic microscope, metallograph as shown in Figure 1 can be obtained, then utilize PHOTOSHOP software
Photo is processed into the obvious picture of black and white contrast.The measurement of mean intercept is carried out to picture with image processing software, is evaluated
Grain size size.
Embodiment 1
The evaluation method of grain size size, includes the following steps: in a kind of high chromium steel roller
A. first high chromium steel roller is placed in roll freezing equipment and is freezed as 3h, cryogenic temperature is -15 DEG C, and selection emits end roller
Body outer ring is cut, and 20mm × 15mm × 70mm sample blocks are cut into, and selects sample blocks to carry out close to the one side of core thick
Mill, fine grinding, when corase grinding, the revolving speed of abrasive disk is 300rpm, is first ground with 200# silicon carbide water-proof abrasive paper, grinds 1min, then use
The grinding of 400# silicon carbide water-proof abrasive paper, grinds 2min, is finally ground with 600# silicon carbide water-proof abrasive paper, grinds 2min；When fine grinding,
The revolving speed of abrasive disk is 200rpm, is first ground with 800# aluminium oxide water-proof abrasive paper, grinds 2min, then water-fast with 1000# aluminium oxide
Sand paper grinding, grinds 3min；It is polished with polishing machine and polishing cloth, obtains mirror surface；
B. by the dehydrated alcohol of 1 volume nitric acid dropping to 20 volumes, etching solution is stirred to get when being added dropwise, uses etching solution
Etch is carried out to mirror surface, etching solution is dipped with absorbent cotton, gently wipes mirror surface, after wiping 3~5 times back and forth, dips etch again
Liquid repeats to wipe, with metallography microscope sem observation etch degree, until when use metallography microscope sem observation until carbide sharpness of border；
C. it is taken pictures with metallographic microscope, photo is processed into the obvious picture of black and white contrast using PHOTOSHOP software.
The measurement of mean intercept is carried out to picture with image processing software, evaluates grain size size.
Embodiment 2
The evaluation method of grain size size, includes the following steps: in a kind of high chromium steel roller
A. first high chromium steel roller is placed in roll freezing equipment and is freezed as 5h, cryogenic temperature is -5 DEG C, and selection emits end roller
Body outer ring is cut, and 20mm × 15mm × 70mm sample blocks are cut into, and selects sample blocks to carry out close to the one side of core thick
Mill, fine grinding, when corase grinding, the revolving speed of abrasive disk is 400rpm, is first ground with 200# silicon carbide water-proof abrasive paper, grinds 2min, then use
The grinding of 400# silicon carbide water-proof abrasive paper, grinds 4min, is finally ground with 600# silicon carbide water-proof abrasive paper, grinds 4min；When fine grinding,
The revolving speed of abrasive disk is 300rpm, is first ground with 800# aluminium oxide water-proof abrasive paper, grinds 4min, then water-fast with 1000# aluminium oxide
Sand paper grinding, grinds 6min；It is polished with polishing machine and polishing cloth, obtains mirror surface；
B. by the dehydrated alcohol of 5 volume nitric acid droppings to 20 volumes, etching solution is stirred to get when being added dropwise, uses etching solution
Etch is carried out to mirror surface, etching solution is dipped with absorbent cotton, gently wipes mirror surface, after wiping 3~5 times back and forth, dips etch again
Liquid repeats to wipe, with Zeiss metallography microscope sem observation etch degree, carbide boundary when with Zeiss metallography microscope sem observation
Until clear；
C. it is taken pictures with Zeiss metallographic microscope, it is obvious that photo is processed into black and white contrast using PHOTOSHOP software
Picture.The measurement of mean intercept is carried out to picture with Zeiss image processing software, evaluates grain size size.
Embodiment 3
The evaluation method of grain size size, includes the following steps: in a kind of high chromium steel roller
A. first high chromium steel roller is placed in roll freezing equipment and is freezed as 4h, cryogenic temperature is -10 DEG C, and selection emits end roller
Body outer ring is cut, and 20mm × 15mm × 70mm sample blocks are cut into, and selects sample blocks to carry out close to the one side of core thick
Mill, fine grinding, when corase grinding, the revolving speed of abrasive disk is 350rpm, is first ground with 200# silicon carbide water-proof abrasive paper, grinds 1min, then use
The grinding of 400# silicon carbide water-proof abrasive paper, grinds 3min, is finally ground with 600# silicon carbide water-proof abrasive paper, grinds 3min；When fine grinding,
The revolving speed of abrasive disk is 250rpm, is first ground with 800# aluminium oxide water-proof abrasive paper, grinds 2min, then water-fast with 1000# aluminium oxide
Sand paper grinding, grinds 4min；It is polished with polishing machine and polishing cloth, obtains mirror surface；
B. by the dehydrated alcohol of 3 volume nitric acid droppings to 20 volumes, etching solution is stirred to get when being added dropwise, uses etching solution
Etch is carried out to mirror surface, etching solution is dipped with absorbent cotton, gently wipes mirror surface, after wiping 3~5 times back and forth, dips etch again
Liquid repeats to wipe, with metallography microscope sem observation etch degree, until when use metallography microscope sem observation until carbide sharpness of border；
C. it is taken pictures with metallographic microscope, photo is processed into the obvious picture of black and white contrast using PHOTOSHOP software.
The measurement of mean intercept is carried out to picture with image processing software, evaluates grain size size.
Claims (10)
1. the evaluation method of grain size size in a kind of high chromium steel roller, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
A. high chromium steel roller is cut into sample blocks, sample blocks is roughly ground, fine grinding, polishing, obtains mirror surface；
B. etch, metallography microscope sem observation etch degree are carried out to mirror surface；
C. it is taken pictures with metallographic microscope, grain size size is evaluated.
2. the evaluation method of grain size size in a kind of high chromium steel roller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: cutting
Preceding to carry out freezing processing to roll, cryogenic temperature is -15 ~ -5 DEG C, and cooling time is 3 ~ 5h.
3. the evaluation method of grain size size in a kind of high chromium steel roller according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: cutting
When choose emit end body of roll outer ring cut.
4. the evaluation method of grain size size in a kind of high chromium steel roller according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: selection
Sample blocks close to being roughly ground of core, fine grinding, polishing on one side.
5. the evaluation method of grain size size in a kind of high chromium steel roller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: corase grinding
When sample blocks successively pass through the silicon carbide water-proof abrasive paper grinding of 200#, 400#, 600#, the revolving speed of abrasive disk is 300 ~ 400rpm,
Roughly grind time totally 5 ~ 10min.
6. the evaluation method of grain size size in a kind of high chromium steel roller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: fine grinding
When sample blocks successively ground on the aluminium oxide water-proof abrasive paper of 800#, 1000#, the revolving speed of abrasive disk is 200 ~ 300rpm,
Fine grinding time totally 5 ~ 10min.
7. the evaluation method of grain size size in a kind of high chromium steel roller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: polishing
When sample polished with polishing machine and polishing cloth.
8. the evaluation method of grain size size in a kind of high chromium steel roller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: etch
Using etching solution, etching solution is the mixed solution of nitric acid and dehydrated alcohol, and the volume ratio of nitric acid and dehydrated alcohol is (1 ~ 5): 20.
9. the evaluation method of grain size size in a kind of high chromium steel roller according to claim 8, it is characterised in that etch
The preparation method of liquid includes the following steps: by nitric acid dropping into dehydrated alcohol, stirs when being added dropwise.
10. the evaluation method of grain size size in a kind of high chromium steel roller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: leaching
When erosion, etching solution is dipped with absorbent cotton, wipes mirror surface, after wiping 3 ~ 5 times back and forth, dipped etching solution again and repeat to wipe, until
Until observing carbide sharpness of border with metallographic microscope.
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| CN110501364A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-26 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of method of quantitative assessment dual-die degree |
| CN112730171A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 成都市海瑞产品质量技术检测有限公司 | Grain size detection method for low-carbon high-alloy material |
| CN114323884A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-04-12 | 大唐锅炉压力容器检验中心有限公司 | Preparation method of Super304H austenitic stainless steel coarse grains |
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| CN110501364A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-26 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of method of quantitative assessment dual-die degree |
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| CN114323884A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-04-12 | 大唐锅炉压力容器检验中心有限公司 | Preparation method of Super304H austenitic stainless steel coarse grains |
| CN114323884B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2024-04-02 | 大唐锅炉压力容器检验中心有限公司 | Preparation method of Super304H austenitic stainless steel coarse grains |
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Application publication date: 20190329 |