CN109540227A - A kind of U-shaped canal capacity measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of U-shaped canal capacity measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109540227A CN109540227A CN201811343976.3A CN201811343976A CN109540227A CN 109540227 A CN109540227 A CN 109540227A CN 201811343976 A CN201811343976 A CN 201811343976A CN 109540227 A CN109540227 A CN 109540227A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/002—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow wherein the flow is in an open channel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
- G01F1/52—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring the height of the fluid level due to the lifting power of the fluid flow
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of U-shaped canal capacity measuring device and measuring method.Disclosed device includes measuring cylinder, and cylinder is equipped in the measuring cylinder, and cylinder is fixedly connected with measuring cylinder by connector；Multiple through-holes are provided in the axial direction on measurement drum outer wall, and multiple through-holes are located at same radial direction, are pools zone between cylinder and measuring cylinder inner wall；Measurement drum outer wall is equipped with plate one and plate two, and plate one and plate two are located at same radial two sides, and the radial direction of multiple through-hole institutes position is radial vertical with two positions of the plate one and plate.Disclosed method utilizes
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of canal water gauging devices, more particularly, to a kind of U-shaped channel movable type sheet-pile flume.
Background technique
U-shaped channel is a kind of Small Canal for being widely used in Chinese irrigated area.Canal cross section by lower part one section of circular arc
With top and two tangent rectilinear(-al)s of circular arc, have that occupied area is small, hydraulic performance is good, water flow time ability is strong, water delivery
The small feature of head loss.
The small-sized most common water gaging method of U-shaped channel is by ad hoc measuring structure come amount water, and this kind of building is main
There is fixed and mobile two class.U-shaped final stage channel has a very wide distribution and quantity is more, largely build the investment of fixed flume compared with
It greatly and is easy to be destroyed, therefore, numerous scholars have developed a variety of installing and dismounting brief introductions, and mobile formula weight water easy to carry is set
It is standby.
Hager (1985) is proposed according to critical flow principle and is placed cylinder in channel to measure the shifting of flow in channel
Dynamic formula water gaging method has carried out prototype test in rectangle, trapezoidal, U-shaped channel respectively and has derived corresponding flow formula.
What military congruent (2006) and auspicious rich etc. (2007) to the flow formula of U-shaped channel movable type cylinder flow-measuring flume into
It has gone further research, has improved the flow measurement precision of this kind of flume.
Liu Jiamei etc. (2013) increases rudder-vator in cylinder flow-measuring flume tail portion, to reduce head loss, reduce up and down
Swimming potential difference.
From the above research as can be seen that U-shaped channel movable type flume more practical at present is capable of providing and meets precision
It is required that flow measurement.However, these problems that generally existing figure of mobile flume is larger, portable degree is insufficient, in addition, this
The canal cross section structure size research that a little movable type flumes are suitable for measuring is also not thorough enough, hinders mobile flume and is filling
Further genralrlization and application in area.
Summary of the invention
For the defects or inadequacies for existing technologies, the present invention provides a kind of U-shaped canal capacity measuring device.
U-shaped canal capacity measuring device of the invention includes measuring cylinder, and cylinder, the cylinder and survey are equipped in the measuring cylinder
Graduated cylinder is fixedly connected by connector；Multiple through-holes, and the multiple through-hole position are provided in the axial direction on the measurement drum outer wall
It is pools zone between same radial direction, the cylinder and measuring cylinder inner wall；The measurement drum outer wall is axially installed with along measuring cylinder
Plate one and plate two, the plate one and plate two are located at same radial two sides, the radial direction where the multiple through-hole and the plate one
It is radial vertical with two positions of plate.
In some embodiments, the cylinder of measuring device of the present invention includes inner cylinder and fixed link, the inner cylinder and the survey
Graduated cylinder is connected by connector, and the connector is located at the end of cylinder and measuring cylinder.
Further, measuring device of the present invention further includes Water level measuring sensor.
In some embodiments, measuring device of the present invention further includes mounting device, which includes two mounting rods
With two mounting bases, one end of the mounting rod is equipped with mounting groove, and the mounting base is used to install the other end of mounting rod, described
Mounting groove is used for mounting plate one or plate two.
Preferably, be connected with spring between the plate one end and a mounting rod of measuring device of the present invention, the plate two with it is another
Spring is installed between mounting rod.
Meanwhile the present invention provides a kind of U-shaped canal capacity measurement methods, which is characterized in that method includes:
It is wide using the depth of water h and the corresponding aditus laryngis of depth of water h in measuring device measurement channel inner product pool described in claim 1
Spend Bc, Bc=B-d, B are the corresponding channel width of depth of water h in pools zone, m；D is measuring cylinder overall diameter and both side plate one and plate two
The sum of width, m；
U-shaped canal capacity is calculated using formula (1):
In formula (1):
Q --- flow；
H --- the depth of water in pools zone, m；
ε --- shrinkage ratio；
I --- channel base slope；
G --- acceleration of gravity, m/s2；
P, α1, α2, α3For parameter.
In some embodiments, 1/500≤i≤1/5000 of the invention.
Preferably, p=0.3184 of the invention, α1=1.44235, α2=-0.00182, α3=0.0145.
Preferably, the value range of ε of the invention are as follows: 0.41≤ε≤0.67.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention is as follows:
1. measuring device of the present invention by cylindrical body and symmetrically arranged two board group in cylindrical body two sides at, production is simple,
It is low in cost；The reinforcing bar that the fixation of amount water column and channel is extended perpendicularly out by bottom can be completed with upper socket, installing and dismounting side
Just.
2. the sheet-pile flume in the present invention is logical compared with existing cylinder flow-measuring flume and with empennage cylinder flow-measuring flume
It crosses and two plates, while guaranteeing to form critical flow, effective reduction water column volume is set in amount water column two sides.
3. before the mobile flume measurement column of the prior art the stationary point depth of water (when stationary point, that is, water flow encounters barrier,
The point that the flow velocity that barrier front end is formed is zero) come when calculating flow, since the depth of water has certain fluctuation, the depth of water is given to measure
It brings difficult and has an adverse effect to precision.The present invention meets water the setting of side front end along outer cylinder axis in amount water column column part
To the through-hole of equidistantly distributed, enter water flow in cylinder by aperture, the depth of water in measurement column, the depth of water and stationary point depth of water phase in column
Deng the depth of water can be obtained the stationary point depth of water in measurement column.Depth of water fluctuation is minimum, is convenient for measuring and improves precision.
4. inventive device is particularly suitable for use in measurement U-shaped canal water depth from arcuate bottom up to this range of design head.
Under the premise of meeting measurement accuracy requirement, the applicable channel base slope range of flume is 1/500-1/5000, be can be applied to
Most of final stage U-shaped channel in irrigated area.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the plan view of measuring device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the B direction view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is aditus laryngis sectional schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Unless otherwise specified, cross section or cross section of the present invention are cut disconnected for the section vertical with water (flow) direction
Face.
Critical flow is collectively formed in measuring cylinder 2, wing plate 4 and U-shaped channel 1 of the present invention.3 one side of cylinder and measuring cylinder 2, through-hole
5 collectively form linker, be on the other hand used to position when the measurement of the stationary point depth of water and the fixed device of fixed mobile flume and
Flow measurement center line.Through-hole 5 realizes that the depth of water is connected to the stationary point depth of water in cylinder, makes the cavity between water inflow water column inner/outer tube, i.e.,
The pools zone of measuring device.
As long as design alternative of the apparatus of the present invention in terms of size is able to satisfy measurement object, measurement accuracy requirement.It needs
It is noted that when it is implemented, can be first according to the cross dimension of channel, depth of water range and shrinkage ratio model of the invention
It encloses, calculates measuring device overall width range, then select each component width within this range.It is optional in a kind of embodiment
The wing plate 4 for selecting two sides is of same size, and overall width is equal with the overall diameter of outer cylinder 2.When measurement, measuring device of the invention is ideal
Positional relationship be that measuring cylinder is vertically mounted in U-shaped channel, the central axes of measuring cylinder are located on the central axes of channel, two flanks
It is radial vertical with central axes where plate.After installing, measuring cylinder 2, cylinder 3 and wing plate 4 it is preferably contour and be higher by the top of channel with
5-10cm is advisable.
The present invention using dimensional method derive sheet-pile flume flow formula, and according to prototype observation test result into
Row regression analysis obtains the relevant parameter in formula, so that it is determined that the final form of flow formula.According to dimension harmony principle and U
The over-current phenomenon avoidance of water flow in shape canal water gauging slot derives flow formula are as follows:
In formula:
Q --- flow, m3/s；
H --- the depth of water in pools zone, m；
Bc--- aditus laryngis width, as shown in figure 4, Bc=B-d, B are the corresponding channel width of depth of water h, m；D is outside measuring cylinder
The sum of diameter and wing plates on two sides width, m；
ε --- shrinkage ratio,A0For aditus laryngis section part, depth of water h canal cross section area below；AcFor aditus laryngis
Section part, depth of water h is below to cross water cross sectional area, i.e. AcEqual to A0Subtract the cross of depth of water h measuring cylinder below and wing plates on two sides
Cross-sectional area；
I --- channel base slope；
G --- acceleration of gravity, m/s2；
P, α1, α2, α3, --- parameter.It is a kind of specifically to determine the parameter p, α1, α2, α3Method be:
Use channel for the U-shaped channel of organic glass material, gradient is adjustable；
The long 12m of channel, bottom arc dia 40cm, 152 ° of central angle, high 45cm；
The material of each component of device is similarly organic glass, and size is as shown in table 1；
The amount water column (12.0cm, 14.0cm, 16.0cm, 18.0cm, 20.0cm) of five kinds of different in width, 6 groups of flows are set
(20L/s, 25L/s, 30L/s, 35L/s, 40L/s, 45L/s), 4 groups of base slopes (1/500,1/1000,1/2000,1/5000), totally 5
× 6 × 4=120 group operating condition.
Using the actual flow in right angle trigonometry weir metering channel, SCM60 type needle water level gauge is measured in pools zone, canal
On the center line of road cross section the water surface to canal bottom the depth of water.Water surface elevation in channel is adjusted in canal tail setting tail-gate, to guarantee freedom
It flows out.
1 amount water column size table of table
According to above-mentioned flow formula and prototype test observed result, return using 2017 software of OriginPro and divide
It analyses, the parameter value in formula is respectively as follows: p=0.3184, α1=1.44235, α2=-0.00182, α3=0.0145.Formula
Coefficient of determination R2Value is 0.9933, and close to 1, fitting precision is higher, obtains calculation formula:
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1-3, the measuring device of the embodiment includes measuring cylinder 2, cylinder 3, wing plates on two sides 4 (i.e. plate one and plate
Two), middle column body 3 is located in measuring cylinder 2, and cylinder 3 is fixedly connected with measuring cylinder 2 by connector, the wall that meets water of cylinder
On offer a column through-hole 5, to ensure measurement accuracy, through-hole institute position is radial and wing plates on two sides institute position is radially vertical.
For convenience of positioning and install fixation, cylinder 3 includes an inner cylinder and fixed link 7, when using this structure, when installation,
Fixed link 7 is passed through into inner cylinder and is inserted into channel bottom, is fixedly connected with measuring cylinder by connector in conjunction with inner cylinder, realizes measuring device
It is whole fixed.Various material, such as reinforcing bar can be selected in fixed link in Practical Project.More reliable scheme is poured in channel bottom
Fixed link is mounted in mixed mud pedestal by concrete pedestal 12, for more preferably determining channel position of center line and fixed amount water
Column.
For that can be equipped with mounting structure for measuring device, specifically include two 8 Hes of mounting rod convenient for the fixed installation of device two sides
Two mounting bases 9, when measurement, two correspondences of mounting bases 9 are mounted on the channel wall of two sides, and two mounting rods are respectively mounted on two
One end of side, mounting rod is fixedly mounted in mounting base, and the other end can open up mounting groove, the wing plate 4 of the mounting groove and corresponding side
Clamping, in this way can anti-locking apparatus movable type part rotation.Fixed form in this structure basis, in more preferable embodiment
It is that spring 10 is installed between mounting rod and wing plate, one end of spring 10 is fixed on mounting rod 8, and it is optional to be screwed, it is another
End is fixed on the reserved hole in wing plate top, for tensing measuring device.
In further preferred embodiment, rubber water-proof 11 is set between measuring device bottom and channel, prevents water flow from amount water column
The gap at bottom and canal bottom passes through.
When measurement, numerical digit measurement sensor 6, also referred to as wireless telemetering formula high-precision water level are placed between measuring cylinder and cylinder
Meter, for depth of water auto-measuring in column and transmitting transmission waterlevel data, (such as hundred million open up sensing science and technology, YT-LPC-00/YT-YL-
0300 series sensor can meet the measurement demand of device).
Embodiment 2:
The embodiment is to measure bottom arc dia 40cm, 152 ° of central angle, height 45cm, canal top width degree 54cm, channel base slope
Flow in 1/2000U shape channel.Used measuring cylinder diameter 8cm, each through-hole diameter 5mm, adjacent through-holes spacing 2cm, inside
Column diameter is 2cm, and unilateral wing plate width is 4cm, i.e., amount water column overall width is 16cm.Measuring device is higher by channel 5cm.
Data observation: when water flow throughflow water column, the product between inner/outer tube is entered via the inlet opening 5 on amount water column outer cylinder
In pool, after flow-shape in flume is stablized, measure to survey by the wireless telemetering formula high-precision water level being located in pools zone
The depth of water is 0.2469m in graduated cylinder, the shrinkage ratio under the depth of water:
Flow rate calculation: by bathymetric data h, canal cross section structural parameters, flume aditus laryngis width in the amount water column measured
BcAnd corresponding channel base slope i Input Software, the formula in software calculate the overcurrent flow in channel automatically.Flow rate calculation
Formula are as follows:
Measuring actual slot flow of crossing with right angled triangle weir in the prior art is 0.03007m3/s。
The relative error of apparatus of the present invention measurement are as follows:
Relative error meets flow measurement required precision less than 5%.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of U-shaped canal capacity measuring device, which is characterized in that the measuring device includes measuring cylinder, is equipped in the measuring cylinder
Cylinder, the cylinder are fixedly connected with measuring cylinder by connector；Multiple through-holes are provided in the axial direction on the measurement drum outer wall,
And the multiple through-hole is located at same radial direction, is pools zone between the cylinder and measuring cylinder inner wall；The measurement drum outer wall edge
Measuring cylinder is axially installed with plate one and plate two, and the plate one and plate two are located at same radial two sides, the multiple through-hole place
Radial direction and two positions of the plate one and plate it is radial vertical.
2. U-shaped canal capacity measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cylinder includes inner cylinder and fixation
Bar, the inner cylinder are connect with the measuring cylinder by connector, and the connector is located at the end of cylinder and measuring cylinder.
3. U-shaped canal capacity measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the measuring device further includes water level
Measurement sensor.
4. U-shaped canal capacity measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the measuring device further includes installation
Device, the mounting device include two mounting rods and two mounting bases, and one end of the mounting rod is equipped with mounting groove, the installation
Seat is used for mounting plate one or plate two for installing the other end of mounting rod, the mounting groove.
5. U-shaped canal capacity measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the plate one end and a mounting rod
Between be connected with spring, spring is installed between the plate two and another mounting rod.
6. a kind of U-shaped canal capacity measurement method, which is characterized in that method includes: to calculate U-shaped canal capacity using formula (1):
Utilize the corresponding aditus laryngis width B of depth of water h and depth of water h in measuring device measurement channel inner product pool described in claim 1c,
Bc=B-d, B are the corresponding channel width of depth of water h in pools zone, m；D is the width of measuring cylinder overall diameter and both side plate one and plate two
The sum of degree, m；
U-shaped canal capacity is calculated using formula (1):
In formula (1):
Q --- flow；
H --- the depth of water in pools zone, m；
ε --- shrinkage ratio；
I --- channel base slope；
G --- acceleration of gravity, m/s2；
p,α1,α2,α3For parameter.
7. U-shaped canal capacity measurement method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that 1/500≤i≤1/5000.
8. U-shaped canal capacity measurement method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that p=0.3184, α1=1.44235, α2
=-0.00182, α3=0.0145.
9. U-shaped canal capacity measurement method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the value range of the ε be 0.41≤
ε≤0.67。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811343976.3A CN109540227B (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2018-11-13 | U-shaped channel flow measuring device and measuring method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811343976.3A CN109540227B (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2018-11-13 | U-shaped channel flow measuring device and measuring method |
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| CN109540227A true CN109540227A (en) | 2019-03-29 |
| CN109540227B CN109540227B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110567532A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-12-13 | 武汉联宇技术股份有限公司 | Flow measuring device for water flow of open channel with trapezoidal flow cross section |
| CN111157056A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-15 | 西北农林科技大学 | Channel flow measuring device and channel flow measuring method |
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| CN105158505A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-12-16 | 唐山现代工控技术有限公司 | Method and device for measuring flow rate of gentle small channel |
| CN106706043A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-24 | 汪哲荪 | Grooved ground runoff volume measuring equipment and utilization method thereof |
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2018
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| CN2833530Y (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2006-11-01 | 西北农林科技大学 | Portable cylindrical water gauging flume for U-shaped canal |
| KR20070097233A (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-04 | 엔비넷 주식회사 | Palmer bowlus flumes flow meter for open channel and thereof flow measuring method |
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