CN109539545B - Normal-pressure coal-fired boiler for desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal in boiler and treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Normal-pressure coal-fired boiler for desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal in boiler and treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109539545B CN109539545B CN201811404957.7A CN201811404957A CN109539545B CN 109539545 B CN109539545 B CN 109539545B CN 201811404957 A CN201811404957 A CN 201811404957A CN 109539545 B CN109539545 B CN 109539545B
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- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title abstract description 26
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 122
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
- F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
- F24H9/1845—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using solid fuel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a normal pressure coal-fired boiler for desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal in a boiler and a treatment method thereof. According to the invention, the desulfurization and denitrification assembly is arranged in the furnace, so that the flue gas is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification in the furnace and dust removal at the same time, and the concentration and content of pollutants in the flue gas are reduced, thereby achieving the purpose that the index of the discharged flue gas meets the increasingly severe environmental protection requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal combustion equipment, relates to an atmospheric coal-fired boiler and a treatment method thereof, and particularly relates to an atmospheric coal-fired boiler for desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal in a boiler and a treatment method thereof.
Background
At present, the atmospheric pressure hot water boiler which is burnt on the market comprises a normal combustion furnace, a reverse combustion furnace, a gasification furnace and the like, and discharges smoke such as NOx、SO2And the content of dust is higher, so that the emission standard requirement cannot be met, and the increasingly severe environment-friendly situation cannot be met.
CN 107042033A discloses high-efficient boiler dust removal SOx/NOx control device, it includes dust collector, SOx/NOx control device and draught fan, SOx/NOx control device is by the SOx/NOx control tower, the circulation sedimentation tank, urea sprays the mechanism and adds the medicine mechanism and constitutes, the air outlet and the SOx/NOx control tower flue gas entry of whirlwind multitube dust remover are linked together, be equipped with a plurality of groups raschig ring filter group in the SOx/NOx control tower, SOx/NOx control tower exhanst gas outlet is linked together with the air intake of draught fan, urea sprays the mechanism and comprises circulating pump and a plurality of shower nozzles that are located the SOx/NOx control tower, it constitutes.
CN 204768208U discloses a flue gas to chain boiler carries out SOx/NOx control integration system, and it includes SOx/NOx control device, ozone denitration device in advance, oxidant supply apparatus etc.. The desulfurization and denitrification device is provided with a flue gas inlet connected with a boiler smoke exhaust pipe, and a desulfurization and dust removal chamber, a denitrification chamber and a flue gas discharge chamber are arranged in the body at intervals; the ozone pre-denitration device comprises an ozone generator and a rapid mixing and filling device with a filling pipe and the like, wherein the filling pipe is arranged on a boiler smoke exhaust pipe to provide ozone; the oxidant supply device comprises an oxidant storage tank and a plurality of atomizing spray guns, and the atomizing spray guns are installed in the denitration chamber.
Although above-mentioned system and device have better SOx/NOx control effect, all add SOx/NOx control device in the boiler outside, equipment is complicated and the cost is higher, and area is great, has restricted its application place, and is less to the place, can't implement and use in the civilian field of cost-limited (like flowers vegetables big-arch shelter etc.).
Therefore, the research on how to realize the technology of desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal in the furnace is one of effective ways for solving the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an atmospheric coal-fired boiler for desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal in a boiler and a treatment method thereof, aiming at the problems in the desulfurization and denitrification of the flue gas of the existing atmospheric hydrothermal boiler. According to the invention, the desulfurization and denitrification assembly is arranged in the furnace, so that the flue gas is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification in the furnace and dust removal at the same time, and the concentration and content of pollutants in the flue gas are reduced, thereby achieving the purpose that the index of the discharged flue gas meets the increasingly severe environmental protection requirement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a normal pressure hydrothermal boiler, wherein a first longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged at the top in a boiler body, the boiler body is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber, the bottoms of the first chamber and the second chamber are communicated, a chain grate is arranged at the lower parts of the first chamber and the second chamber, a coal feeding port is formed in the boiler wall at one side of the first chamber, a first transverse partition plate connected with the boiler wall is arranged above the chain grate in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the first transverse partition plate and the first longitudinal partition plate, at least 1 second longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the top boiler wall in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the second longitudinal partition plate and the first transverse partition plate, at least 1 third longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the first transverse partition plate in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the third longitudinal partition plate and the boiler top wall, the second longitudinal partition plate and the third longitudinal partition plate are arranged at intervals in the second chamber to form a circulation area comprising at least three return flues, and a heat exchange pipe and a desulfurization and denitrification assembly are arranged in the flue gas circulation area.
In the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for the sake of distinction in nomenclature and have no other special meaning.
In the invention, the interval between the first transverse partition and the first longitudinal partition is used for enabling the generated smoke to enter the second chamber.
In the present invention, the number of the second longitudinal partition and the third longitudinal partition is not limited to 1, and the number thereof may be 2, 3, 4, or 5, respectively, but the present invention is not limited to the enumerated values, and other values not enumerated within the numerical range may be applied. The partition plates can be arranged to form a flue gas circulation area with a plurality of loops, but the number of the loops is not more and is better, and the number of the loops is too much, so that the temperature of the flue gas can not be ensured to be within 100-150 ℃, and the three loops are optimal.
In the present invention, the flow path of the flue gas in the flue gas flow area formed in the second chamber is similar to the flow path in a serpentine line.
In the invention, the top of the furnace wall of the second chamber side is provided with a flue gas outlet, and flue gas subjected to desulfurization, denitrification and heat exchange is discharged from the flue gas outlet.
According to the normal-pressure water-heating boiler, the traditional convection heat transfer area is improved, the circulation return stroke of the flue gas is increased, and the desulfurization and denitrification assemblies are arranged in the increased return stroke, so that the desulfurization and denitrification treatment of the flue gas can be completed in the furnace body of the normal-pressure water-heating boiler. Meanwhile, the desulfurization and denitrification agent matched with the temperature of the position of the furnace body is placed in the desulfurization and denitrification assembly, so that the desulfurization and denitrification of the flue gas can be realized by utilizing the temperature of the furnace body, and an additional heating source is not needed.
The following technical solutions are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but not limited to the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and technical objects and advantageous effects of the present invention can be better achieved and achieved by the following technical solutions.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the upper part of the coal piled in the first chamber is a pyrolysis zone, the lower part of the coal is a semicoke combustion zone, and a burnout zone is arranged between the lower parts of the first chamber and the second chamber and the traveling grate stoker.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, at least one return stroke in the flue gas circulation area is internally provided with a desulfurization and denitrification assembly, and the other return strokes are internally provided with heat exchange tubes.
Preferably, a desulfurization and denitrification assembly is arranged in a return stroke adjacent to the first chamber in the flue gas circulation area, and heat exchange tubes are arranged in the other return strokes.
Preferably, a separation denitration assembly is arranged in a return stroke of the flue gas flowing area located on the outermost side, and heat exchange tubes are arranged in the rest return strokes. Wherein the "outermost side" as referred to herein is the side of the furnace opposite the furnace wall where the first longitudinal partition wall is located, i.e. the side remote from the first chamber.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the desulfurization and denitrification assembly comprises a box body with meshes and a desulfurization and denitrification agent arranged in the box body.
In the invention, the desulfurization and denitrification agent is placed in the box body with the mesh openings, and the mesh openings on the box body are utilized to remove dust from flue gas, so that the effects of desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal are achieved simultaneously.
The mesh size in the net cage can be set according to actual requirements and can be replaced at any time, for example, the mesh size can be made of a stainless steel wire mesh D50.
Preferably, the cross section area of the box body is the same as the cross section of the return stroke where the box body is located, namely, the smoke can pass through the box body, and the situation that the smoke does not directly flow away without passing through the box body does not occur.
Preferably, the desulfurization and denitrification agent comprises a desulfurizing agent and/or a denitrification agent.
Preferably, the denitrifier is activated coke.
Preferably, when the desulfurization and denitrification assembly is located in the return stroke of the flue gas flowing region adjacent to the first chamber, the desulfurization agent used therein is a desulfurization agent with an active temperature of more than 600 ℃, and the active temperature can be 650 ℃, 700 ℃, 750 ℃, 800 ℃ or 850 ℃, and the like, but is not limited to the enumerated values, and other non-enumerated values in the numerical range are also applicable, and slaked lime and/or carbide slag are preferred.
Preferably, when the desulfurization and denitrification assembly is positioned in the return stroke at the outermost side in the flue gas flowing area, the adopted desulfurizing agent is a desulfurizing agent with the activity temperature of 100-150 ℃.
Preferably, the desulfurization and denitrification assembly comprises at least 2 boxes with meshes, wherein at least 1 box is provided with a desulfurizing agent, and the rest boxes are provided with a denitrifying agent, wherein the number of the boxes can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, and the like, and more, but is not limited to the enumerated values, and other non-enumerated values in the numerical range are also applicable.
Preferably, the box body for placing the desulfurizer is positioned at the upstream of the flowing direction of the flue gas, and the box body for placing the denitrifier is positioned at the downstream of the flowing direction of the flue gas. Namely, the flue gas is desulfurized through the box body for placing the desulfurizer, and then is denitrated through the box body for placing the denitrating agent. Here, the flue gas is firstly desulfurized and then denitrated, and compared with the process of firstly denitrating and then desulfurizing, the process is favorable for protecting the denitrating agent and regulating the reaction activity of the desulfurizing agent.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the normal pressure water-heating boiler is characterized in that a first longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged at the top in a boiler body, the boiler body is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber, the bottoms of the first chamber and the second chamber are communicated, a chain grate is arranged at the lower parts of the first chamber and the second chamber, a coal feeding port is arranged on the boiler wall at one side of the first chamber, a first transverse partition plate connected with the boiler wall is arranged above the chain grate in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the first transverse partition plate and the first longitudinal partition plate, 1 second longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the boiler wall at the top in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the second longitudinal partition plate and the first transverse partition plate, 1 third longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the first transverse partition plate in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the third longitudinal partition plate and the boiler top wall, the second longitudinal partition plate and the third longitudinal partition plate are arranged at intervals in the second chamber to form a flue, a desulfurization and denitrification assembly is arranged in a return stroke adjacent to the first chamber in the flue gas flowing area, and heat exchange tubes are arranged in the other two return strokes;
the desulfurization and denitrification assembly comprises two boxes with meshes, wherein the two boxes are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of flue gas, a desulfurizing agent is filled in the box arranged at the upstream of the flow direction of the flue gas, and a denitrifying agent is filled in the box arranged at the downstream of the flow direction of the flue gas; the desulfurizer is a desulfurizer with the activity temperature higher than 600 ℃, and the denitrifier is activated carbon coke.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the normal pressure water-heating boiler is characterized in that a first longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged at the top in a boiler body, the boiler body is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber, the bottoms of the first chamber and the second chamber are communicated, a chain grate is arranged at the lower parts of the first chamber and the second chamber, a coal feeding port is arranged on the boiler wall at one side of the first chamber, a first transverse partition plate connected with the boiler wall is arranged above the chain grate in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the first transverse partition plate and the first longitudinal partition plate, 1 second longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the boiler wall at the top in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the second longitudinal partition plate and the first transverse partition plate, 1 third longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the first transverse partition plate in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the third longitudinal partition plate and the boiler top wall, the second longitudinal partition plate and the third longitudinal partition plate are arranged at intervals in the second chamber to form a flue, a separation denitration component is arranged in the return stroke of the smoke flowing area positioned at the outermost side, and heat exchange tubes are arranged in the other return strokes;
the desulfurization and denitrification assembly comprises two boxes with meshes, wherein the two boxes are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of flue gas, a desulfurizing agent is filled in the box arranged at the upstream of the flow direction of the flue gas, and a denitrifying agent is filled in the box arranged at the downstream of the flow direction of the flue gas; the desulfurizer has an activity temperature of 100-150 ℃, and the denitrifier is activated carbon coke.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for treating the normal pressure hydrothermal boiler, comprising the steps of:
flue gas generated in the furnace body of the normal-pressure hydrothermal boiler enters a flue gas flowing area and is discharged out of the furnace body after flowing through at least 3 return strokes; wherein, the flue gas is by SOx/NOx control and carry out the heat transfer in order to retrieve the heat in the flue gas when passing through the flue gas circulation region.
As the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the flue gas is firstly desulfurized and denitrated when passing through the flue gas flowing area, and then heat exchange is carried out to recover the heat in the flue gas.
Preferably, when the flue gas is first subjected to desulfurization and denitrification, the temperature for desulfurization and denitrification is > 600 ℃, such as 650 ℃, 700 ℃, 750 ℃, 800 ℃ or 850 ℃, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of values are also applicable.
As the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the flue gas is subjected to heat exchange to recover heat in the flue gas when passing through the flue gas flowing area, and then is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification.
Preferably, the flue gas is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification after heat exchange to ensure that the temperature is 100-150 ℃.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, NO in the flue gas discharged out of the furnace body after flowing through at least 3 return passesxThe concentration is less than 100mg/Nm3Sulfur concentration less than 50mg/Nm3。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the traditional convection heat transfer area is improved, the circulation return stroke of the flue gas is increased, and the desulfurization and denitrification assembly is arranged in the increased return stroke, so that the desulfurization and denitrification treatment of the flue gas can be completed in the furnace body of the normal-pressure hydrothermal boiler, the equipment has small floor area and low cost, and can be implemented more generally in the civil field;
(2) according to the invention, the desulfurization and denitrification agent matched with the temperature of the position of the furnace body is placed in the desulfurization and denitrification component, so that the desulfurization and denitrification of the flue gas can be realized by utilizing the temperature of the furnace body, and no additional heating source is needed.
(3) After the normal-pressure water-heating boiler is used for desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal, the desulfurization efficiency reaches 90%, the denitrification efficiency reaches 50% and the dust removal efficiency reaches 60%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an atmospheric pressure hydrothermal boiler according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of an atmospheric hydrothermal boiler according to example 2 of the present invention;
the coal feeding device comprises a box body, a first longitudinal partition wall, a chain grate, a coal feeding port, a first transverse partition plate, a second longitudinal partition plate, a third longitudinal partition plate, a heat exchange tube and a box body, wherein the box body comprises 1-the first longitudinal partition wall, 2-the chain grate, 3-the coal feeding port, 4-the first transverse partition plate, 5-the second longitudinal partition plate, 6-the third longitudinal partition plate.
Detailed Description
In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the claims, which are defined by the claims.
The invention provides a normal pressure hydrothermal boiler, wherein a first longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged at the top in a boiler body, the boiler body is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber, the bottoms of the first chamber and the second chamber are communicated, a chain grate is arranged at the lower parts of the first chamber and the second chamber, a coal adding port is formed in the boiler wall at one side of the first chamber, a first transverse partition plate connected with the boiler wall is arranged above the chain grate in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the first transverse partition plate and the first longitudinal partition plate, at least 1 second longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the boiler wall at the top in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the second longitudinal partition plate and the first transverse partition plate, at least 1 third longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the first transverse partition plate in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the third longitudinal partition plate and the boiler top wall, the second longitudinal partition plate and the third longitudinal partition plate are arranged at intervals in the second chamber to form a flue gas circulation area comprising at least three return strokes, and a heat exchange pipe and a desulfurization and denitrification assembly are arranged in the flue gas circulation area.
The treatment method of the normal-pressure water-heating boiler comprises the following steps:
flue gas generated in the furnace body of the normal-pressure hydrothermal boiler enters a flue gas flowing area and is discharged out of the furnace body after flowing through at least 3 return strokes; wherein, the flue gas is by SOx/NOx control and carry out the heat transfer in order to retrieve the heat in the flue gas when passing through the flue gas circulation region.
The following are typical but non-limiting examples of the invention:
example 1:
the embodiment provides a normal-pressure hydrothermal boiler, as shown in fig. 1, a first longitudinal partition plate 1 is longitudinally arranged at the top in a boiler body of the normal-pressure hydrothermal boiler, the boiler body is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity which are communicated with each other at the bottoms, a chain grate 2 is arranged at the lower parts of the first cavity and the second cavity, a coal adding port 3 is formed in a furnace wall on one side of the first cavity, a first transverse partition plate 4 connected with the furnace wall is arranged above the chain grate 2 in the second cavity, a gap is reserved between the first transverse partition plate 4 and the first longitudinal partition plate 1, 1 second longitudinal partition plate 5 is longitudinally arranged on the top furnace wall in the second cavity, a gap is reserved between the second longitudinal partition plate 5 and the first transverse partition plate 4, 1 third longitudinal partition plate 6 is longitudinally arranged on the first transverse partition plate 4 in the second cavity, a gap is reserved between the third longitudinal partition plate 6 and the furnace top wall, and a gap is reserved between the second longitudinal partition plate 5 and the third longitudinal partition plate 6, flue gas including three return strokes is formed in the second cavity A desulfurization and denitrification assembly is arranged in a return stroke adjacent to the first chamber in the flue gas flowing region, and heat exchange tubes 7 are arranged in the other two return strokes;
the desulfurization and denitrification assembly comprises two box bodies 8 with meshes, which are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of flue gas, wherein a desulfurizing agent is filled in the box body 8 arranged at the upstream of the flow direction of the flue gas, and a denitrification agent is filled in the box body 8 arranged at the downstream of the flow direction of the flue gas; the desulfurizer is a desulfurizer with the activity temperature of more than 600 ℃, such as slaked lime, and the denitrifier is activated carbon coke.
The method for treating the flue gas by adopting the normal-pressure hydrothermal boiler comprises the following steps:
flue gas generated in the furnace body of the normal-pressure hydrothermal boiler enters a flue gas flowing area and is discharged out of the furnace body after flowing through 3 return strokes; when the flue gas passes through the flue gas flowing area, the flue gas is firstly subjected to desulfurization and dust removal at the temperature of about 800 ℃ through the box body 8 internally provided with the desulfurizer, then is subjected to denitration and dust removal treatment through the box body 8 internally provided with the denitration agent, and then is subjected to heat exchange to recover heat in the flue gas.
In this example, NO in the flue gas discharged from the furnace bodyxThe concentration is less than 90mg/Nm3Sulfur concentration less than 45mg/Nm3The desulfurization efficiency reaches 93%, the denitration efficiency reaches 55%, and the dust removal efficiency reaches 65%.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a normal-pressure hydrothermal boiler, as shown in fig. 2, a first longitudinal partition plate 1 is longitudinally arranged at the top in a boiler body of the normal-pressure hydrothermal boiler, the boiler body is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity which are communicated with each other at the bottoms, a chain grate 2 is arranged at the lower parts of the first cavity and the second cavity, a coal adding port 3 is formed in a furnace wall on one side of the first cavity, a first transverse partition plate 4 connected with the furnace wall is arranged above the chain grate 2 in the second cavity, a gap is reserved between the first transverse partition plate 4 and the first longitudinal partition plate 1, 1 second longitudinal partition plate 5 is longitudinally arranged on the top furnace wall in the second cavity, a gap is reserved between the second longitudinal partition plate 5 and the first transverse partition plate 4, 1 third longitudinal partition plate 6 is longitudinally arranged on the first transverse partition plate 4 in the second cavity, a gap is reserved between the third longitudinal partition plate 6 and the furnace top wall, and a gap is reserved between the second longitudinal partition plate 5 and the third longitudinal partition plate 6, flue gas including three return strokes is formed in the second cavity The flue gas flowing area is arranged in the return stroke at the outermost side and is provided with a desulfurization and denitrification assembly, and the rest return strokes are internally provided with heat exchange tubes 7;
the desulfurization and denitrification assembly comprises two box bodies 8 with meshes, which are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of flue gas, wherein a desulfurizing agent is filled in the box body 8 arranged at the upstream of the flow direction of the flue gas, and a denitrification agent is filled in the box body 8 arranged at the downstream of the flow direction of the flue gas; the desulfurizer has an activity temperature of 100-150 ℃, and the denitrifier is activated carbon coke.
The method for treating the flue gas by adopting the normal-pressure hydrothermal boiler comprises the following steps:
flue gas generated in the furnace body of the normal-pressure hydrothermal boiler enters a flue gas flowing area and is discharged out of the furnace body after flowing through 3 return strokes; the flue gas firstly exchanges heat to recover heat in the flue gas when passing through a flue gas circulation area, and is subjected to desulfurization and dust removal at the temperature of about 100-150 ℃ through a box body 8 internally provided with a desulfurizer, and then is subjected to denitration and dust removal treatment through the box body 8 internally provided with a denitration agent and then is discharged out of a furnace body.
In this example, NO in the flue gas discharged from the furnace bodyxThe concentration is less than 95mg/Nm3Sulfur concentration less than 45mg/Nm3Its desulfurization efficiency reaches 91%, denitration efficiency reaches 52%, and dust collection efficiency reaches 60%.
Example 3:
the present embodiment provides an atmospheric pressure hydrothermal boiler, which has a structure similar to that of embodiment 1 except that: the furnace body is internally provided with 1 second longitudinal clapboard 5 and 2 third longitudinal clapboards 6, and a smoke circulation area comprising four return strokes is formed in the second chamber.
The normal pressure hydrothermal boiler is adopted for flue gas treatment, and the treatment method refers to the method in the embodiment 1.
In this example, NO in the flue gas discharged from the furnace bodyxThe concentration is less than 100mg/Nm3Sulfur concentration less than 50mg/Nm3Its desulfurization efficiency reaches 90%, denitration efficiency reaches 50%, and dust collection efficiency reaches 60%.
Comparative example 1:
this comparative example provides a normal pressure hydrothermal boiler whose structure is the same as that in example 1 except that: the desulfurization and denitrification assembly is not arranged in the flue gas flowing area in the furnace body, and the flue gas is discharged from the furnace body and then is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification outside the furnace body.
The normal-pressure hydrothermal boiler in the comparative example needs to be additionally provided with a desulfurization and denitrification device outside the boiler body, and is high in cost. In the comparative example, NO is in the smoke discharged from the furnace body of the normal pressure water-heating boilerxConcentration > 200mg/Nm3Sulfur concentration > 90mg/Nm3。
It can be seen from the above embodiments and comparative examples that the invention improves the traditional convection heat transfer area, increases the flue gas circulation return stroke, and sets the desulfurization and denitrification assembly in the increased return stroke, so that the desulfurization and denitrification treatment of the flue gas can be completed in the furnace body of the normal pressure hydrothermal boiler, the equipment has small floor area and low cost, and can be implemented more generally in the civil field;
meanwhile, the desulfurization and denitrification agent matched with the temperature of the position of the furnace body is placed in the desulfurization and denitrification component, so that the desulfurization and denitrification of the flue gas can be realized by utilizing the temperature of the furnace body, and no additional heating source is needed.
After the normal-pressure water-heating boiler is used for desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal, the desulfurization efficiency reaches 90%, the denitrification efficiency reaches 50% and the dust removal efficiency reaches 60%.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples to show the detailed process equipment and process flow of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed process equipment and process flow, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed process equipment and process flow to be implemented. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. A normal pressure hydrothermal boiler is characterized in that a first longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged at the top in a boiler body, the boiler body is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity, the bottoms of the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated, a chain grate is arranged at the lower parts of the first cavity and the second cavity, a coal feeding port is formed in the boiler wall on one side of the first cavity, a first transverse partition plate connected with the boiler wall is arranged above the chain grate in the second cavity, a gap is reserved between the first transverse partition plate and the first longitudinal partition plate, at least 1 second longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the top boiler wall in the second cavity, a gap is reserved between the second longitudinal partition plate and the first transverse partition plate, at least 1 third longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the first transverse partition plate in the second cavity, a gap is reserved between the third longitudinal partition plate and the boiler top wall, the second longitudinal partition plate and the third longitudinal partition plate are arranged in the second cavity at intervals to form a flue gas circulation area comprising at least three return strokes, a heat exchange tube and a desulfurization and denitrification assembly are arranged in the flue gas circulation area;
the desulfurization and denitrification assembly comprises at least 2 boxes with meshes, wherein a desulfurizer is placed in at least 1 box, and a denitrification agent is placed in the rest boxes;
the box body for placing the desulfurizer is positioned at the upstream of the flow direction of the flue gas, and the box body for placing the denitrifier is positioned at the downstream of the flow direction of the flue gas;
the upper part of the coal stacked in the first chamber is a pyrolysis zone, the lower part of the coal stacked in the first chamber is a semicoke combustion zone, and burnout zones are arranged between the lower parts of the first chamber and the second chamber and the chain grate.
2. The atmospheric hydrothermal boiler of claim 1, wherein a desulfurization and denitrification module is disposed in at least one of the return passes of the flue gas flow area, and heat exchange tubes are disposed in the remaining return passes.
3. An atmospheric hydrothermal boiler according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a desulfurization and denitrification assembly is arranged in a return stroke adjacent to the first chamber in the flue gas circulation area, and heat exchange tubes are arranged in the remaining return strokes.
4. An atmospheric hydrothermal boiler according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a denitration component is disposed in the outermost return of the flue gas flow region, and heat exchange tubes are disposed in the remaining returns.
5. A boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the box is the same as the cross-section of the return run in which it is located.
6. The atmospheric-pressure hydrothermal boiler according to claim 4, wherein the desulfurization and denitrification agent comprises a desulfurizing agent and/or a denitrification agent.
7. The atmospheric hydrothermal boiler of claim 6, wherein the denitrifier is activated coke.
8. An atmospheric-pressure hydrothermal boiler according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the desulfurization and denitrification assembly is located in a return stroke adjacent to the first chamber in the flue gas flow area, the desulfurizing agent used therein is a desulfurizing agent with an active temperature > 600 ℃.
9. A normal pressure hydrothermal boiler according to claim 8, wherein when the desulfurization and denitrification assembly is located in the return stroke adjacent to the first chamber in the flue gas flow area, the desulfurizing agent used therein is slaked lime and/or carbide slag.
10. An atmospheric-pressure hydrothermal boiler according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the desulfurization and denitrification assembly is located in the outermost return stroke in the flue gas flowing region, the desulfurizer used therein is a desulfurizer with an active temperature of 100 ℃ to 150 ℃.
11. The atmospheric hydrothermal boiler according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the atmospheric hydrothermal boiler is provided with a first longitudinal partition plate longitudinally arranged at the top in the boiler body, the boiler body is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber communicated with each other at the bottoms, chain grates are arranged at the lower parts of the first chamber and the second chamber, a coal adding port is formed in the boiler wall on one side of the first chamber, a first transverse partition plate connected with the boiler wall is arranged above the chain grates in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the first transverse partition plate and the first longitudinal partition plate, 1 second longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the top boiler wall in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the second longitudinal partition plate and the first transverse partition plate, 1 third longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the first transverse partition plate in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the third longitudinal partition plate and the boiler top wall, the second longitudinal partition plate and the third longitudinal partition plate are arranged at intervals in the second chamber to form a circulation region including three return flues, a desulfurization and denitrification assembly is arranged in a return stroke adjacent to the first chamber in the flue gas flowing area, and heat exchange tubes are arranged in the other two return strokes;
the desulfurization and denitrification assembly comprises two boxes with meshes, wherein the two boxes are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of flue gas, a desulfurizing agent is filled in the box arranged at the upstream of the flow direction of the flue gas, and a denitrifying agent is filled in the box arranged at the downstream of the flow direction of the flue gas; the desulfurizer is a desulfurizer with the activity temperature higher than 600 ℃, and the denitrifier is activated carbon coke.
12. The atmospheric hydrothermal boiler according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the atmospheric hydrothermal boiler is provided with a first longitudinal partition plate longitudinally arranged at the top in the boiler body, the boiler body is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber communicated with each other at the bottoms, chain grates are arranged at the lower parts of the first chamber and the second chamber, a coal adding port is formed in the boiler wall on one side of the first chamber, a first transverse partition plate connected with the boiler wall is arranged above the chain grates in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the first transverse partition plate and the first longitudinal partition plate, 1 second longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the top boiler wall in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the second longitudinal partition plate and the first transverse partition plate, 1 third longitudinal partition plate is longitudinally arranged on the first transverse partition plate in the second chamber, a gap is reserved between the third longitudinal partition plate and the boiler top wall, the second longitudinal partition plate and the third longitudinal partition plate are arranged at intervals in the second chamber to form a circulation region including three return flues, a separation denitration component is arranged in the return stroke of the smoke flowing area positioned at the outermost side, and heat exchange tubes are arranged in the other return strokes;
the desulfurization and denitrification assembly comprises two boxes with meshes, wherein the two boxes are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of flue gas, a desulfurizing agent is filled in the box arranged at the upstream of the flow direction of the flue gas, and a denitrifying agent is filled in the box arranged at the downstream of the flow direction of the flue gas; the desulfurizer has an activity temperature of 100-150 ℃, and the denitrifier is activated carbon coke.
13. A method of treating a normal pressure hydrothermal boiler according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
flue gas generated in the furnace body of the normal-pressure hydrothermal boiler enters a flue gas flowing area and is discharged out of the furnace body after flowing through at least 3 return strokes; wherein, the flue gas is by SOx/NOx control and carry out the heat transfer in order to retrieve the heat in the flue gas when passing through the flue gas circulation region.
14. The process of claim 13 wherein the flue gas is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification prior to heat exchange to recover heat from the flue gas as it passes through the flue gas flow-through zone.
15. The process of claim 14, wherein the flue gas is desulfurized and denitrated at a temperature of > 600 ℃.
16. The treatment method according to claim 13, wherein the flue gas is subjected to heat exchange to recover heat in the flue gas and then subjected to desulfurization and denitrification when passing through the flue gas flow-through area.
17. The treatment method according to claim 16, wherein the temperature of the flue gas after heat exchange and after desulfurization and denitrification is 100 ℃ to 150 ℃.
18. The process according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the NO in the flue gas discharged from the furnace after at least 3 passes of flowxThe concentration is less than 100mg/Nm3Sulfur concentration less than 50mg/Nm3。
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