CN109538361B - Method for preventing faults generated during loading and starting of engineering machinery - Google Patents
Method for preventing faults generated during loading and starting of engineering machinery Download PDFInfo
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- CN109538361B CN109538361B CN201811452386.4A CN201811452386A CN109538361B CN 109538361 B CN109538361 B CN 109538361B CN 201811452386 A CN201811452386 A CN 201811452386A CN 109538361 B CN109538361 B CN 109538361B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
- F02D29/04—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving pumps
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- Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing faults generated when an engineering machine is loaded and started, which comprises the steps of firstly increasing the absorption power of a hydraulic main pump to a first power value, and judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced or not; increasing the output power of the electric control diesel engine to a second power value, and judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced or not; finally, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is increased to the working power; continuing to increase the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump to a third power value, and judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced or not; and determining whether to adjust the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump or not according to the judgment result in the first three times of judgment. The invention increases the output power of the engine to the working power of the engine by four times, and can adjust the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump when the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is not matched with the power of the diesel engine, thereby reducing the early load of the diesel engine and avoiding the faults of black smoke and the like generated when the diesel engine is loaded and started.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a method for preventing faults from being generated when the engineering machinery is loaded and started.
Background
Horsepower/torque and the like of hydraulic main pumps of engineering machinery such as an excavator, a horizontal directional drilling rig, a rotary drilling rig and the like are set, so that when the engineering machinery is started by sudden loading, the absorption power of the hydraulic pump can quickly and linearly rise to working power at a set speed, as shown in fig. 1. However, when the electronically controlled diesel engine is accelerated, especially in a high altitude area or at a low temperature, the influence of air density or hydraulic oil viscosity and the like can cause serious smoking in the acceleration process, influence the normal work of engineering machinery and the service life of the whole machine, and the smoking of the diesel engine can cause pollution to the environment.
Chinese patent ZL2011110441939.8 discloses a power control system and a control method for engineering machinery and a non-electrically controlled hydraulic pump, the control system includes a power regulator, the power regulator is connected with an execution element, and is connected with a first signal oil input port and a second signal oil input port of the non-electrically controlled hydraulic pump through a first signal oil channel and a second signal oil channel, respectively, so as to control the displacement of the non-electrically controlled hydraulic pump according to the load pressure, a third signal oil channel is further provided between the second signal oil input port of the non-electrically controlled hydraulic pump and the output port of the non-electrically controlled hydraulic pump, the third signal oil channel is provided with an electrically controlled valve, and the control end of the control valve is connected with a control module. The control method comprises the following steps: judging the working state of the engine; and controlling the non-electrically controlled hydraulic pump to be switched to a corresponding working mode according to the working state of the engine. The control system and the control method can realize the secondary adjustment of the non-electric control hydraulic pump.
Chinese patent ZL2011103863983 discloses a power matching system of an electric control engine and a variable hydraulic pump, which comprises: an electronically controlled engine; the engine controller is used for measuring the actual rotating speed of the electric control engine; the controller is used for comparing the actual rotating speed with the obtained target rotating speed, the actual rotating speed is less than the target rotating speed, and the difference value between the target rotating speed and the actual rotating speed is greater than a set threshold value, and then fine tuning current with corresponding magnitude is output to the proportional solenoid valve according to the magnitude of the difference value; the proportional solenoid valve is used for adjusting the opening degree of the valve according to the magnitude of the received fine adjustment current; the variable hydraulic pump operates under the power of the electrically controlled engine. The system enables the rotating speed of the electric control engine to be increased back by reducing the load of the electric control engine, reduces the oil consumption of adjusting the rotating speed of the electric control engine through an engine controller, and enables the variable hydraulic pump to stably run at the optimal power point of the electric control engine. Neither of the above two control systems provides a specific solution to black smoke emissions during a mechanically loaded start of a diesel engine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing faults from being generated when engineering machinery is started in a loading mode, and the method is used for solving the problem that black smoke is generated when a diesel engine is started in a loading mode due to the fact that the power of the diesel engine is not matched with that of a hydraulic pump in the existing starting process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preventing a fault from occurring when a construction machine is started by loading, comprising the steps of:
step S1: firstly, increasing the absorption power of a hydraulic main pump 5 to a first power value, and judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced for the first time; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is less than or equal to a first power value within a period of time, or the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the first power value only at a certain moment or certain moments, keeping the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump unchanged; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is continuously larger than a first power value in a period of time, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted downwards;
step S2: increasing the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump to a second power value, and judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced for the second time; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is less than or equal to a second power value within a period of time, or the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the second power value only at a certain moment or certain moments, keeping the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump unchanged; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is continuously larger than a second power value in a period of time, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted downwards;
step S3: continuing to increase the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump to a third power value, and judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced for the third time; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is less than or equal to a third power value within a period of time, or the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the third power value only at a certain moment or certain moments, keeping the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump unchanged; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is continuously larger than a third power value in a period of time, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted downwards;
step S4: finally, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is increased to the working power;
wherein, the first power value is 40% -60% of the working power, the second power value is 75% -85% of the working power, and the third power value is 90% -95% of the working power; the time period in the step S1, the step S2 and the step S3 is 10-30 ms.
Further, in step S1, if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the first power value, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted downward by a value of 6% to 8% of the operating power;
in step S2, if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the second power value, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted downward to a value 15% to 20% of the operating power;
in step S3, if the third power value is smaller than the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted downward to a value of 25% to 30% of the operating power.
Further, the first power value is 50% of the operating power, the second power value is 80% of the operating power, and the third power value is 92% of the operating power.
Furthermore, the starting control system of the engineering machinery comprises an instrument display, a main controller, an engine controller, an electric control diesel engine, a hydraulic main pump and an electric proportional control valve, wherein the instrument display and the engine controller are respectively connected with the main controller, the electric control diesel engine is connected with the engine controller, the input end of the hydraulic main pump is connected with the output end of the electric control diesel engine, and the electric proportional control valve is respectively connected with the main controller and the hydraulic main pump; in the starting process, the engine controller monitors a starting signal of the diesel engine and feeds the starting signal of the diesel engine back to the main controller, the main controller adjusts the current of the electric proportional control valve according to the starting duration of the electric control diesel engine, and the rising rate of the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump can be adjusted according to the input current of the electric proportional control valve.
Further, the hydraulic main pump is a swash plate type plunger pump, and the input end of the swash plate type plunger pump is connected with the output shaft of the electric control diesel engine through a coupler; and an oil outlet of the electric proportional control valve is connected with an oil inlet of the swash plate variable adjusting mechanism so as to control the angle of a swash plate of the swash plate type plunger pump.
Further, the engineering machinery is an excavator, a horizontal directional drilling rig or a rotary drilling rig.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for preventing the engineering machinery from generating faults during the loading starting comprises the steps of increasing the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump to the working power of the hydraulic main pump by four times, judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is matched with the power of the diesel engine or not for many times in the process, adjusting the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump when the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is not matched with the power of the diesel engine, and avoiding faults of black smoke, noise, heating and the like caused by the fact that the absorption power of the electric control diesel engine is increased too fast when the electric control diesel engine is suddenly loaded and started, so that the electric control diesel engine is easier to start. The method of the invention improves the working efficiency and reduces the energy consumption of the engineering machinery.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a curve of absorbed power of a hydraulic main pump when a construction machine is started in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a graph of absorbed power of a hydraulic main pump when a construction machine is started by loading according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a start control system for a work machine in one embodiment of the present disclosure;
the system comprises an instrument display 1, a main controller 2, a main controller 3, an engine controller 4, an electric control diesel engine 5, a hydraulic main pump 6 and an electric proportional control valve.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
Referring to fig. 2, a method for preventing a fault from occurring when a construction machine is started by loading according to the present invention includes the steps of:
step S1: firstly, increasing the absorption power of a hydraulic main pump 5 to a first power value, and judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced for the first time; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is less than or equal to a first power value within a period of time, or the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the first power value only at a certain moment or certain moments, keeping the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump unchanged; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is continuously larger than the first power value in a period of time, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted downwards.
Step S2: increasing the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump to a second power value, and judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced for the second time; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is less than or equal to a second power value within a period of time, or the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the second power value only at a certain moment or certain moments, keeping the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump unchanged; and if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is continuously greater than the second power value in a period of time, adjusting the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump downwards.
Step S3: continuing to increase the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump to a third power value, and judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced for the third time; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is less than or equal to a third power value within a period of time, or the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the third power value only at a certain moment or certain moments, keeping the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump unchanged; and if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is continuously greater than the third power value in a period of time, adjusting the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump downwards.
Step S4: finally, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is increased to the working power;
wherein, the first power value is 40% -60% of the working power, the second power value is 75% -85% of the working power, and the third power value is 90% -95% of the working power; the time period in the step S1, the step S2 and the step S3 is 10-30 ms.
In a specific embodiment, in step S1, if the first power value is smaller than the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted to 6% -8% of the working power;
in step S2, if the second power value is smaller than the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted down to 15% -20% of the working power;
in step S3, if the third power value is smaller than the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted to be 25% to 30% of the working power.
In one specific embodiment, the first power level is 50% of the operating power, the second power level is 80% of the operating power, and the third power level is 92% of the operating power.
In this embodiment, a method for preventing a fault from occurring when an engineering machine is loaded and started includes:
1. firstly, the absorption power of a hydraulic main pump is increased to 50% of the working power, and whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced or not is judged for the first time; the main controller continuously judges the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump for 20ms, and at the moment, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is 8% higher than a first power value, so that the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is reduced to the first power value;
2. the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is increased to 80% of the working power, and whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced or not is judged for the second time; the main controller continuously judges the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump for 20ms, and at the moment, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than a second power value by 18%, and the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted to the second power value;
3. continuing to increase the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump to 92% of the working power, and judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced for the third time; the main controller continuously judges the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump for 20ms, and at the moment, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the second power value by 30%, and the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted to a third power value;
4. and finally, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is increased by 8% to the working power.
According to the method, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is increased to the working power of the hydraulic main pump four times, whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is matched with the power of the electric control diesel engine or not is judged for many times in the process, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump can be adjusted when the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is not matched with the power of the electric control diesel engine, the problem that the absorption power of the electric control diesel engine is rapidly increased to the working power to cause black smoke, noise, heating and the like of the electric control diesel engine when the electric control diesel engine is suddenly loaded and started is avoided, the electric control diesel engine is started more easily, and the starting time of the electric control diesel engine cannot be prolonged.
As shown in fig. 3, the start control system of the construction machine of this embodiment includes an instrument display 1, a main controller 2, an engine controller 3, an electrically controlled diesel engine 4, a hydraulic main pump 5, and an electric proportional control valve 6, where the instrument display and the engine controller are connected to the main controller, the electrically controlled diesel engine is connected to the engine controller, an input end of the hydraulic main pump is connected to an output end of the electrically controlled diesel engine, and the electric proportional control valve is connected to the main controller and the hydraulic main pump. The method of the embodiment comprises the following steps: when the diesel engine is loaded and started, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is increased to 50% of the working power of the hydraulic main pump through the main controller and the electric proportional control valve, at the moment, whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced or not is judged for the first time, if yes, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is correspondingly reduced through the electric proportional control valve, and if not, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is kept unchanged; the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is increased to 80% of the working power of the hydraulic main pump through the main controller and the electric proportional control valve, at the moment, whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced or not is judged for the second time, and the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted through the electric proportional control valve if needed; continuing to increase the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump to 92% of the working power of the hydraulic main pump through the main controller and the electric proportional control valve, judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced for the third time, and adjusting the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump through the electric proportional control valve if the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced; and finally, the output power of the diesel engine is increased to the working power of the diesel engine through the main controller.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic main pump 5 is a swash plate type plunger pump, and an input end of the swash plate type plunger pump is connected with an output shaft of the electronic control diesel engine through a coupler; the oil outlet of the electric proportional control valve is connected with the oil inlet of the swash plate variable adjusting mechanism to control the angle of a swash plate of the swash plate type plunger pump.
In this embodiment, the engineering machine is an excavator, a horizontal directional drilling rig or a rotary drilling rig.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preventing faults generated when a construction machine is loaded and started is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: firstly, increasing the absorption power of a hydraulic main pump (5) to a first power value, and judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced for the first time; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is less than or equal to a first power value within a period of time, or the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the first power value only at a certain moment or certain moments, keeping the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump unchanged; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is continuously larger than a first power value in a period of time, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted downwards;
step S2: increasing the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump to a second power value, and judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced for the second time; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is less than or equal to a second power value within a period of time, or the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the second power value only at a certain moment or certain moments, keeping the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump unchanged; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is continuously larger than a second power value in a period of time, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted downwards;
step S3: continuing to increase the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump to a third power value, and judging whether the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump needs to be reduced for the third time; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is less than or equal to a third power value within a period of time, or the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the third power value only at a certain moment or certain moments, keeping the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump unchanged; if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is continuously larger than a third power value in a period of time, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted downwards;
step S4: finally, the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump is increased to the working power;
wherein, the first power value is 40% -60% of the working power, the second power value is 75% -85% of the working power, and the third power value is 90% -95% of the working power; the time period in the step S1, the step S2 and the step S3 is 10-30 ms.
2. The method for preventing the fault generated when the construction machine is started by loading according to claim 1,
in step S1, if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the first power value, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted downward to be 6% to 8% of the working power;
in step S2, if the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is greater than the second power value, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted downward to a value 15% to 20% of the operating power;
in step S3, if the third power value is smaller than the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump, the absorbed power of the hydraulic main pump is adjusted downward to a value of 25% to 30% of the operating power.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first power level is 50% of the operating power, the second power level is 80% of the operating power, and the third power level is 92% of the operating power.
4. The method for preventing the fault during the loading starting of the engineering machinery according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the starting control system of the engineering machinery comprises an instrument display (1), a main controller (2), an engine controller (3), an electrically controlled diesel engine (4), a hydraulic main pump (5) and an electric proportional control valve (6), the instrument display and the engine controller are respectively connected with the main controller, the electrically controlled diesel engine is connected with the engine controller, the input end of the hydraulic main pump is connected with the output end of the electrically controlled diesel engine, and the electric proportional control valve is respectively connected with the main controller and the hydraulic main pump; in the starting process, the engine controller monitors a starting signal of the electric control diesel engine and feeds the starting signal of the diesel engine back to the main controller, the main controller adjusts the current of the electric proportional control valve according to the starting duration of the electric control diesel engine, and the rising rate of the absorption power of the hydraulic main pump can be adjusted according to the input current of the electric proportional control valve.
5. The method for preventing the fault during the loading starting of the engineering machinery is characterized in that the hydraulic main pump (5) is a swash plate type plunger pump, and the input end of the swash plate type plunger pump is connected with the output shaft of the electric control diesel engine through a coupling; and an oil outlet of the electric proportional control valve is connected with an oil inlet of the swash plate variable adjusting mechanism so as to control the angle of a swash plate of the swash plate type plunger pump.
6. The method for preventing the fault during the loading starting of the engineering machinery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the engineering machinery is an excavator, a horizontal directional drilling rig or a rotary drilling rig.
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