CN109536946A - A kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting - Google Patents
A kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109536946A CN109536946A CN201811464415.9A CN201811464415A CN109536946A CN 109536946 A CN109536946 A CN 109536946A CN 201811464415 A CN201811464415 A CN 201811464415A CN 109536946 A CN109536946 A CN 109536946A
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- Prior art keywords
- metal
- laser melting
- layer
- material manufacturing
- increasing material
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting, this method combines laser melting coating with the filling of more metal meltings, cofferdam type structure and inland dike formula structure are constructed by laser melting coating, and the entity area surrounded in cofferdam type structure and inland dike formula structure carries out more metal melting fillings, utilize metal bath redundancy heat in current shaping layer and its latent heat of phase change discharged in solidification, previous forming layer surface of the temperature not far from fusing point is set to be heated up once again down to remelting, interlayer densification metallurgical bonding is formed with the current shaping layer solidified simultaneously when it is solidified once again.The directly rapid prototyping with labyrinth metalwork not only may be implemented in this method, while can reduce the hole being also easy to produce in metal material increasing material manufacturing, loose and crack defect rate, improves metal material increasing material manufacturing forming efficiency and part performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material increasing field, in particular to a kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing sides of laser melting
Method.
Background technique
Currently, increasing material manufacturing (Additive Manufacturing, AM) technology has become domestic and international research hotspot, the skill
Art manufactures 3D solid using the method for successively accumulation material, belongs to discrete/stack shaping method, i.e. layer separated growth, with
Traditional Material removal (vehicle, milling, plane, mill, pincers etc.) method is compared with forming (forging and stamping, casting powder metallurgy etc.) method is forced to,
Has many advantages, such as high-precision, high-performance, pollution-free.
Raw material can be processed than wide, currently, the increasing material of the nonmetallic materials such as resin, plastics in increases material manufacturing technology
Manufacturing technology has more mature industrial applications.In terms of metal material increasing material manufacturing, since material melting point is high, heat expansion system
It counts melt stickiness and surface tension big, after melting and varies with temperature the reasons such as violent, in forming efficiency, forming property, forming
Part deformation and powder injection molding etc. are urgently captured there are also many problems.
Researchers at home and abroad have made extensive and intensive studies metal material increases material manufacturing technology, and achieve big
Measure achievement, such as laser sintering (SLS), laser cladding forming, vacuum electronic beam shaping.However, the most skills obtained before
Art achievement, physical principle are all the metallic bonds for making matrix (or previous shaping layer) metal material by single energy source and increasing material
It destroys simultaneously and is combined into new bonding again, interlayer is made to form fine and close metallurgical bonding, realize discrete/heap of metal material whereby
Product forming.Since single energy source output power is limited, forming means are single, forming efficiency is limited to energy beam area of section etc.
Unfavorable factor, embodied during practical increasing material manufacturing equipment operating cost is high, forming efficiency is low, manufacture finished product cost performance not
The problems such as high.Therefore, seek the efficiently quick increasing material manufacturing method of metal material multi-source, have become metal material increasing material manufacturing skill
Key point of the art to functionization, industrialized development.
Summary of the invention
That there are forming efficiencies is low, manufacturing cost is high, the production cycle for existing metal material increases material manufacturing technology by the present invention
The problems such as long, proposes a kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting, not only may be implemented by this method
Directly rapid prototyping with labyrinth metalwork, while laser melting coating being combined with the filling of more metal meltings, by swashing
Light cladding constructs cofferdam type structure and inland dike formula structure, and the entity area surrounded in cofferdam type structure and inland dike formula structure into
Row more metal meltings filling, using metal bath redundancy heat in current shaping layer and its latent heat of phase change discharged in solidification,
So that previous forming layer surface of the temperature not far from fusing point is heated up once again so that remelting, when it is solidified once again with solidify simultaneously
Current shaping layer formed interlayer densification metallurgical bonding, reduce or prevent the hole being also easy to produce in metal material increasing material manufacturing,
Loose, crack defect rate improves metal material increasing material manufacturing forming efficiency and part performance.The specific implementation step of this method
Are as follows:
A. performing member three-dimensional modeling data is handled: the CAD model of performing member is established, using delamination software, by foundation
CAD model carries out layered shaping along short transverse, each layer of two dimensional model data file is obtained, by each layer two dimensional model data
File is converted into be identified by laser cladding apparatus and more metal melting filling devices and the outer profile and internal bore profile executed melts
Cover instruction and interior zone filling instruction；
B. using laser melting coating along outer profile construct cofferdam: laser cladding apparatus outer profile cladding order-driven lower edge in advance at
Shape part current layer outer contour carries out coaxial powder-feeding laser melting coating, forms cofferdam type structure；
C. it when the current layer plane of performing member is multiple connected domain plane, after the completion of step b is executed, is filled using laser melting coating
It sets and carries out coaxial powder-feeding laser melting coating along current layer internal bore profile line under internal bore profile cladding order-driven, form inland dike formula knot
Structure；When the current layer plane of performing member is simply connected domain plane, then skips this step and directly execute step d；
D. more metal melting fillings: more metal melting filling devices are preferred along current layer in the case where entity area fills order-driven
Fill path continuously sprays molten metal melt, is filled to performing member current layer entity area, when performing member is worked as
When preceding layer plane is simply connected domain plane, then the entity area surrounded to constructed cofferdam type structure is preferred along current layer
Fill path is filled；When the current layer plane of performing member is multiple connected domain plane, then to the cofferdam type structure constructed
Entity area between inland dike formula structure is preferably filled with path along current layer and is filled；
E. the layer-by-layer increasing material manufacturing forming of laser melting two-phase cofferdam type: pass through layer-by-layer drip molding outer profile and internal bore profile laser
Cladding forming and the more metal melting fillings of entity area, are finally completed laser melting more metal two-phases cofferdam of pre-formed metal part
Formula increasing material manufacturing.
It further, is single pass along the laser melting coating passage that outer contour and internal bore profile line carry out.
Further, more metal melting filling entity area path roots carry out preferred according to following method: with current layer foreign steamer
Exterior feature is used as filling passage direction of travel in the shorter direction of X, Y both direction projected length, and using other direction as filling road
Secondary laid out in parallel direction.
Further, the metal cofferdam and inland dike formula structure its bottom and substrate or previous shaping layer after complete solidification
Metallurgical bonding is formed, and is closed along contour line.
Further, the metal bath temperature of more metal meltings filling can be according to materials thermophysics property, substrate or previous
Shaping layer ermal physics state, molding condition etc. are adjusted in real time, and the current shaping layer that formation is solidified after filling more metal meltings is real
Body region bottom and substrate or previous shaping layer form metallurgical bonding, and remove the surrounded sky of inland dike full of what metal cofferdam was surrounded
Between except remaining all space.
Further, the entity area shaping layer and metal cofferdam inner sidewall form metallurgical junction after complete solidification
It closes.
Further, the entity area shaping layer and the inland dike formula structures outlet side-wall form metallurgy after complete solidification
In conjunction with.
Further, the laser cladding apparatus can be current according to performing member with more metal melting filling devices
Shaping layer material information carries out corresponding single or various metals material laser melting coating and melting is filled.
The operation principle of the present invention is that: along performing member outer profile cofferdam type structure is constructed using laser melting coating and along inner hole
Inland dike formula structure is constructed at edge, is wrapped using the filling of more metal meltings between the cofferdam type structure and the inland dike formula structure
The space enclosed is filled, and the structure for constructing the laser melting coating part constructed with more metal melting fillings is formed
Metallurgical bonding, and successively above step is repeated until completing performing member increasing material manufacturing.
Due to the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1. by laser melting coating with more metal meltings filling combine, avoid single energy source output power it is limited, shape hand
Duan Danyi, forming efficiency are limited to the unfavorable factors such as energy beam area of section, can be substantially improved metal material increasing material manufacturing at
Shape efficiency.
2. providing forming range constraint by construction cofferdam type structure, it is readily formed complex profile, fine structure and flexibility
Part.
3. easily obtaining good interface quality, slag pollution, thermal stress, residual stress, heat affected area etc. are compared
It is small.
4. can make full use of metal bath waste heat and its latent heat of phase change that discharges in solidification, make substrate (or it is previous at
Shape layer) it has solidified but temperature does not solidify after the surface remelting far from fusing point again, and metallurgical bonding is formed with current shaping layer.
5. being filled out according to projected scale comparing result of the current shaping layer outer profile in X, Y both direction to more metal meltings
It fills path to optimize, can be reduced the generation of micro-crack.
Specific embodiment
The specific reality of the more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting of the invention is given expression to for clarity
Mode is applied, the more metal two-phase cofferdam types of a laser melting by two kinds of metal material combined shapings of A, B is exemplified below and increases material system
Make embodiment.
1. establishing the three-dimensional entity model of performing member using computer；
2. the three-dimensional entity model is layered in Z-direction, i.e., the three-dimensional entity model is divided into multiple with a thickness of processable single monolayer thick
The stratified model of degree；It both include this layer of outer contour topographical information, inner port edge pattern in the data file of each stratified model
The interior zone topographical information that information and outer contour and inner port edge are surrounded also includes selected one or more metals
The distributed areas information of material；
3. raw along each layer outer contour and inner port edge using computer according to the information that stratified model data file is included
At laser melting coating path, more metal melting fill paths are generated using computer；
4. selecting the powder form of metal material A as laser cladding powder, select laser melting coating running parameter appropriate will
Metal powder A is by coaxial powder-feeding laser melting coating mode along the cladding of first layer outer contour in metal substrate, formation cofferdam type knot
Structure；
5. selecting the powder form of metal material A as laser cladding powder, select laser melting coating running parameter appropriate will
Metal powder A is by coaxial powder-feeding laser melting coating mode along first layer inner port edge line cladding in metal substrate, formation inland dike formula
Structure；
6. selecting the silk material form of metal material B as more metal melting raw materials, metal wire material B is sent by feed device
More metal melting devices carry out heating fusing, after control fusing metal bath with stream forms along current shaping layer outer profile X,
The shorter direction of projected scale in Y both direction is filled in the sky between the cofferdam type structure and inland dike formula structure by passage
White region, every layer of more metal melting filling thickness are equal with every layer of metal cofferdam, inland dike height；
7. repeating step 4-6, filled by layer-by-layer laser melting coating and more metal meltings, the laser for being finally completed performing member is molten
Melt more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturings.
One embodiment of the present invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, several variations, adjustment can also be made and improved, these belong to this hair
Bright protection scope.Therefore, scope of protection of the present invention is subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting, which is characterized in that comprise the steps of:
A. performing member three-dimensional modeling data is handled: the CAD model of performing member is established, using delamination software, by foundation
CAD model carries out layered shaping along short transverse, each layer of two dimensional model data file is obtained, by each layer two dimensional model data
File is converted into be identified by laser cladding apparatus and more metal melting filling devices and the outer profile and internal bore profile executed melts
Cover instruction and entity area filling instruction；
B. construct cofferdam along outer profile using laser melting coating: the laser cladding apparatus is in the outer profile cladding order-driven
It is lower to carry out coaxial powder-feeding laser melting coating along performing member current layer outer contour, form cofferdam type structure；
C. molten using the laser after the completion of step b is executed when the current layer plane of performing member is multiple connected domain plane
Coating device carries out coaxial powder-feeding laser melting coating along current layer internal bore profile line under the internal bore profile cladding order-driven, is formed
Inland dike formula structure；When the current layer plane of performing member is simply connected domain plane, then skips this step and directly execute step d；
D. it more metal melting fillings: is filled under order-driven using more metal melting filling devices in the entity area
Path is preferably filled with along current layer and continuously exports metal bath liquid stream, and the entity area described in performing member current layer is filled out
It fills, when the current layer plane of performing member is simply connected domain plane, then the entity that constructed cofferdam type structure is surrounded
Region is preferably filled with path along current layer and is filled；When the current layer plane of performing member is multiple connected domain plane, then to
Entity area between the cofferdam type structure and inland dike formula structure of construction is preferably filled with path along current layer and is filled；
E. the layer-by-layer increasing material manufacturing forming of laser melting two-phase cofferdam type: pass through layer-by-layer drip molding outer profile and internal bore profile laser
Cladding forming and the more metal melting fillings of entity area, are finally completed laser melting more metal two-phases cofferdam of pre-formed metal part
Formula increasing material manufacturing.
2. a kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that edge
The laser melting coating passage that outer contour and internal bore profile line carry out is single pass.
3. a kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that more
Metal melting is filled entity area path root and is carried out preferably according to following method: being projected with current layer outer profile in X, Y both direction
The shorter direction of length is used as filling passage direction of travel, and using other direction as filling passage laid out in parallel direction.
4. a kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting as claimed in any one of claims 1-3,
It is characterized in that, the metal cofferdam and inland dike formula structural base and substrate or previous shaping layer that formation is solidified after laser melting coating form smelting
Gold combines, and is closed along contour line.
5. a kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting as claimed in any one of claims 1-3,
It is characterized in that, the metal bath temperature of more metal melting fillings can be according to materials thermophysics property, substrate or previous shaping layer heat
Physical state, molding condition etc. are adjusted in real time, and the current shaping layer entity area bottom of formation is solidified after filling more metal meltings
Portion and substrate or previous shaping layer form metallurgical bonding, and full of metal cofferdam surrounded in addition to the surrounded space of inland dike
Remaining all space.
6. a kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting as claimed in any one of claims 1-3,
Be characterized in that, solidified after the filling of more metal meltings formation entity area shaping layer and laser melting coating after solidify the metal of formation and enclose
Metallurgical bonding is formed between the inner sidewall of weir.
7. a kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting as claimed in any one of claims 1-3,
Be characterized in that, solidified after the filling of more metal meltings formation entity area shaping layer and laser melting coating after solidify the inland dike formula of formation
Metallurgical bonding is formed between structures outlet side-wall.
8. a kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting as claimed in any one of claims 1-3,
Be characterized in that, laser cladding apparatus and more metal melting filling devices can according to the current shaping layer material information of performing member into
Corresponding single or various metals material the laser melting coating of row and melting are filled.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811464415.9A CN109536946A (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2018-12-03 | A kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting |
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| CN201811464415.9A CN109536946A (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2018-12-03 | A kind of more metal two-phase cofferdam type increasing material manufacturing methods of laser melting |
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| CN108189386A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-22 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material three-dimensional printing-forming method |
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101780544A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2010-07-21 | 黑龙江科技学院 | Method for forming refractory metal parts by using laser |
| CN103586466A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-02-19 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Multi-metal liquid spray deposition additive manufacturing method |
| WO2015181229A1 (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2015-12-03 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Layer-by-layer production method during laser melting (sls) in gravity die casting operations |
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