CN109534169B - Intelligent crane and working method - Google Patents
Intelligent crane and working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109534169B CN109534169B CN201811290699.4A CN201811290699A CN109534169B CN 109534169 B CN109534169 B CN 109534169B CN 201811290699 A CN201811290699 A CN 201811290699A CN 109534169 B CN109534169 B CN 109534169B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C15/00—Safety gear
- B66C15/06—Arrangements or use of warning devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent crane and a working method thereof, wherein the intelligent crane comprises a base, a slewing bearing, a slewing platform, a tripod, a suspension arm, a winch, a steel wire rope, an oil tank, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic pipeline system, a hydraulic motor and various sensors; the working method comprises a safety monitoring method, a health diagnosis method and a performance evaluation method. The invention can accurately monitor the safety of the crane, can monitor the health of the power system of the crane and can evaluate the energy efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a crane, in particular to a working method of an intelligent crane.
Background
The existing crane mainly comprises a base, a slewing bearing arranged on the base, a slewing platform arranged on the slewing bearing, a tripod arranged on the slewing platform, a suspension arm hinged on the slewing platform, a winch arranged on the slewing platform, a steel wire rope connected on the winch, an oil tank, a hydraulic pump communicated with the oil tank, a hydraulic pipeline system connected at the output end of the hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor connected at the output end of the hydraulic pipeline system, wherein the hydraulic motor drives the winch to work. With the development of intelligent systems, cranes are also developing towards intelligence.
For a traditional crane, early warning and alarming are basically carried out on important faults, so that an operator can conveniently stop the crane in time, and other safety performance detection is less. In addition, even if the crane can normally work after working for a period of time, the crane needs to be frequently overhauled, a large amount of time is needed for blind overhauling, the requirement on the technical performance of an overhauling worker is high, and the problem is difficult to detect. In the existing crane, how the energy efficiency utilization rate of the crane is always an unknown number is not beneficial to an operator to know the energy efficiency and the historical energy efficiency condition during working.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent crane and a working method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the working method of the intelligent crane comprises a safety monitoring method, a health diagnosis method and a performance evaluation method.
The safety monitoring method comprises the steps of monitoring the wind direction, the wind speed, the hydraulic oil pressure, the hydraulic oil temperature, the hydraulic oil volume and the diesel oil volume.
The control of wind direction is for gathering wind direction input analog quantity through the wind direction sensor then transmitting to the controller in, the controller obtains wind direction actual value after carrying out calculation processing to wind direction input analog quantity, then shows wind direction actual value through the display screen, and the calculation method of wind direction actual value is:
y1=k1×（x1-4）
wherein, y1Is the actual value of the wind direction, k1Is the ratio of the wind direction to the wind direction analog quantity of the wind direction sensor, x1In the above calculation method, y is calculated as an input analog quantity of the wind direction sensor1When the angle is less than 0 DEG, the angle is displayed as 0 DEG, and y is calculated1Greater than 360, it is shown as 360.
The wind speed monitoring method comprises the following steps of collecting wind speed input analog quantity through a wind speed sensor and then transmitting the wind speed input analog quantity to a controller, calculating and processing the wind speed input analog quantity through the controller to obtain a wind speed actual value, and displaying the wind speed actual value through a display screen, wherein the calculation method of the wind speed actual value comprises the following steps:
y2=k2×（x2-4）
wherein, y2Is the actual value of the wind speed, k2Is the ratio of wind speed to wind speed analog quantity of the wind speed sensor, x2In the above calculation method, y is calculated as an input analog of the wind speed sensor2When the value is less than 0, it is 0.
The monitoring of the hydraulic oil pressure is that a pressure sensor collects hydraulic oil pressure input analog quantity and then transmits the hydraulic oil pressure input analog quantity to a controller, the controller calculates and processes the hydraulic oil pressure input analog quantity to obtain a hydraulic oil pressure actual value, and then the hydraulic oil pressure actual value is displayed through a display screen, and the calculation method of the hydraulic oil pressure actual value is as follows:
y3=k3×（x3-4）
wherein, y3Is the actual value of the hydraulic oil pressure, k3Constants, x, calculated according to the range of the pressure sensor3Is the input analog quantity of the hydraulic oil pressure sensor.
The monitoring of the hydraulic oil temperature is that a temperature sensor collects hydraulic oil temperature input analog quantity and then transmits the hydraulic oil temperature input analog quantity to a controller, the controller calculates and processes the hydraulic oil temperature input analog quantity to obtain a hydraulic oil temperature actual value, and then the hydraulic oil temperature actual value is displayed through a display screen, and the calculation method of the hydraulic oil temperature actual value is as follows:
y4=k4×(x4-4)+a；y4is the actual value of the temperature of the hydraulic oil, x4Hydraulic oil temperature input analog, k4A is a constant calculated according to the measuring ranges of different temperature sensors, and a is the lower limit of the measuring range of the temperature sensor.
The monitoring of the hydraulic oil capacity is to detect whether a signal of hydraulic oil exists through a liquid level sensor arranged in a hydraulic oil tank and then display the signal through a display screen.
The diesel oil capacity is monitored by detecting whether a signal of diesel oil exists through a liquid level sensor arranged in a diesel oil tank and then displaying the signal through a display screen.
The health diagnosis method comprises the steps of health diagnosis of a hydraulic system transmission device; the health diagnosis method of the hydraulic system transmission device comprises the following steps: detecting the flow Q of the hydraulic system by using a first flow sensor, transmitting a flow signal to a controller, and detecting the rotation speed V of the winch drum by using a first speed sensor, wherein the unit is as follows: km/h, and transmitting the rotation speed V to a controller, and detecting the liquid with a second speed sensorThe rotation speed n of the hydraulic pump is input into the controller, and the flow Q of the output end of the hydraulic pump is detected by a second flow sensorPump and method of operating the sameIn units of L/min, and the flow rate QPump and method of operating the sameTransmitting the data to a controller; detecting the speed n of the hydraulic motor by means of a third speed sensor2And the rotational speed n is adjusted2Inputting into the controller, detecting the flow Q passing through the hydraulic motor by a third flow sensorHorseAnd the flow rate QHorseInputting the data into a controller; the theoretical rotational speed V is calculated in the controller using the following formula1The unit is km/h.
V1=0.1882·Q·D·η1·η2·η3/∑q
Wherein Q is the actual flow of the hydraulic system, and the unit is L/min
D is the diameter of the drum in units of: mm is
η1Volumetric efficiency of hydraulic pump, to gear pump η1=0.88～0.90，η2-volumetric efficiency of valves in the system,
η3-the volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic motor,
∑ q is the total displacement of the hydraulic system in units of L/min.
In the controller, using V1If the rotational speed V deviates from the theoretical rotational speed V, as compared with V1And diagnosing the health problem of the transmission device according to the set tolerance value.
The theoretical flow rate Q of the hydraulic pump is calculated by the following formula2；
Wherein, VgThe unit of displacement of the hydraulic pump is ml/r, △ P is the pressure difference between the input end and the output end of the hydraulic pump, the unit is Mpa, n is the rotating speed, the unit is r/min, ηv1Is the volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic pump.
In the controller, using Q2And QPump and method of operating the sameMake a comparison if QPump and method of operating the sameDeviation Q2The set tolerance value is used for diagnosing that the hydraulic pump hasHealth problems.
The theoretical flow Q of the hydraulic motor is calculated by the following formula3；
Wherein, VgThe unit of displacement of the hydraulic motor is ml/r, △ P is the pressure difference between the input end and the output end of the hydraulic motor, and the unit is Mpa, n2Is the rotational speed with the unit of r/min, ηv2Is the volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic motor.
In the controller, using Q3And QHorseMake a comparison if QHorseDeviation Q3And (4) diagnosing that the hydraulic motor has a health problem by setting the tolerance value.
The efficiency evaluation method comprises the following steps: detecting hydraulic pressure P of hydraulic pump by pressure sensorPump and method of operating the sameIn Mpa, and the hydraulic pressure PPump and method of operating the sameTransmitting to a controller, and detecting the flow Q of the output end of the hydraulic pump by using a second flow sensorPump and method of operating the sameIn units of L/min, and the flow rate QPump and method of operating the sameTransmitted to the control unit where the actual power N of the hydraulic pump is calculated in KW with the following formula.
N=PQ/60η
Where η is the overall efficiency of the hydraulic pump.
Detecting tension F of the lifted goods or people by a force sensor, wherein the unit of the tension F is KN, inputting the tension F into a controller, detecting speed V of a steel wire rope connected with the goods or people by a fourth speed sensor, wherein the unit of the speed V is Km/h, inputting the speed V into the controller, and calculating lifting power P in the controller by the following formulaHanging craneIn KW.
PHanging crane=FV
In the controller, P is calculatedHanging craneAnd the ratio i of the time to the N is used as an X axis, the value i corresponding to the time is used as a Y axis, a curve relation between the time and the i is formed in the controller, and a curve graph of the time and the i is displayed through the display screen.
The intelligent crane corresponding to the working method of the intelligent crane comprises a base, a rotary support arranged on the base, a rotary platform arranged on the rotary support, a tripod arranged on the rotary platform, a suspension arm hinged on the rotary platform, a winch arranged on the rotary platform, a steel wire rope connected to the winch, an oil tank, a hydraulic pump communicated with the oil tank, a hydraulic pipeline system connected to the output end of the hydraulic pump, and a hydraulic motor connected to the output end of the hydraulic pipeline system, wherein the hydraulic motor drives the winch to work; the device also comprises a controller and a display screen connected to the controller; the controller is connected with a wind direction sensor arranged on the suspension arm, an air speed sensor arranged on the suspension arm, a pressure sensor used for detecting the hydraulic oil pressure in a hydraulic pipeline system, a temperature sensor arranged on a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, a liquid level sensor arranged in a hydraulic oil tank, a liquid level sensor arranged in a diesel oil tank, a first flow sensor arranged in the hydraulic pipeline system, a first speed sensor arranged on a winch roller, a second speed sensor arranged on the hydraulic pump, a second flow sensor arranged at the output end of the hydraulic pump, a third speed sensor arranged on the hydraulic motor, a third flow sensor arranged on the hydraulic motor, a pressure sensor arranged on the hydraulic pump, a force sensor arranged on a steel wire rope and a fourth speed sensor used for detecting the speed of the steel wire rope.
Further, k1=360°/16mA=22.5，k2=70m/s/16mA=4.375，k3And = maximum measuring range MPa/16mA of the pressure sensor.
Further, when the condition that the over-wind speed continues for 3 seconds is monitored, an alarm is given through a wind speed alarm.
Further, when the temperature of the hydraulic oil is monitored to be higher than 65 ℃, early warning is carried out through an oil temperature early warning device.
Further, η1=0.96～0.97，η2=0.985～0.995，η3=0.97～0.98。
Further, the rotation speed V deviates from the theoretical rotation speed V1The tolerance value of (A) is plus or minus 1km/h, which is normal.
Further, the actual flow rate QPump and method of operating the sameDeviation from theoretical flow Q2Has a tolerance value of + -1L/min is normal, and the actual flow rate QHorseDeviation from theoretical flow Q3A tolerance value of. + -. 1L/min is normal.
Furthermore, η is 0.85-0.9.
According to the intelligent crane and the working method, the wind direction sensor arranged on the suspension arm, the wind speed sensor arranged on the suspension arm, the pressure sensor used for detecting the hydraulic oil pressure in the hydraulic pipeline system, the temperature sensor arranged on the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor, the liquid level sensor arranged in the hydraulic oil tank and the liquid level sensor arranged in the diesel oil tank are used for detecting corresponding signals, the signals are accurately calculated to obtain corresponding data, the data are displayed on the display screen, and the alarm is given to the signals exceeding the set range value, so that the processing precision is high, and the safety warning effect can be accurately played.
In the health diagnosis process, the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic motor and the transmission device are diagnosed by acquiring signals and calculating the signals by using the calculation method of the invention, wherein the transmission device comprises a speed changer connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor and a winch connected to the speed changer.
The energy efficiency is calculated by obtaining the power of the hydraulic motor and the power of the hoisting, and a curve graph is formed, so that an operator can see energy efficiency data during operation, historical energy efficiency data can also be checked, and the energy efficiency of the crane can be conveniently evaluated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent crane.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the intelligent crane comprises a base 1, a rotary support 2 installed on the base, a rotary platform 3 installed on the rotary support, a tripod 4 installed on the rotary platform, a boom 5 hinged on the rotary platform, a winch installed on the rotary platform, a steel wire rope connected to the winch, an oil tank, a hydraulic pump communicated with the oil tank, a hydraulic pipeline system connected to the output end of the hydraulic pump, and a hydraulic motor connected to the output end of the hydraulic pipeline system, wherein the hydraulic motor drives the winch to work; the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises a controller and a display screen connected to the controller; the controller is connected with a wind direction sensor arranged on the suspension arm, an air speed sensor arranged on the suspension arm, a pressure sensor used for detecting the hydraulic oil pressure in a hydraulic pipeline system, a temperature sensor arranged on a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, a liquid level sensor arranged in a hydraulic oil tank, a liquid level sensor arranged in a diesel oil tank, a first flow sensor arranged in the hydraulic pipeline system, a first speed sensor arranged on a winch roller, a second speed sensor arranged on the hydraulic pump, a second flow sensor arranged at the output end of the hydraulic pump, a third speed sensor arranged on the hydraulic motor, a third flow sensor arranged on the hydraulic motor, a pressure sensor arranged on the hydraulic pump, a force sensor arranged on a steel wire rope and a fourth speed sensor used for detecting the speed of the steel wire rope.
The working method of the intelligent crane comprises a safety monitoring method, a health diagnosis method and a performance evaluation method.
The safety monitoring method comprises the steps of monitoring the wind direction, the wind speed, the hydraulic oil pressure, the hydraulic oil temperature, the hydraulic oil volume and the diesel oil volume.
The wind direction monitoring comprises the steps that wind direction input analog quantity is collected through a wind direction sensor and then is transmitted to a controller, the controller calculates and processes the wind direction input analog quantity to obtain a wind direction actual value, then the wind direction actual value is displayed through a display screen, and the calculation method of the wind direction actual value is as follows.
y1=k1×（x1-4）
Wherein, y1Is the actual value of the wind direction, k1Is the ratio of the wind direction to the wind direction analog of the wind direction sensor, k1=360°/16mA=22.5，x1In the above calculation method, y is calculated as an input analog quantity of the wind direction sensor1When the angle is less than 0 DEG, the angle is displayed as 0 DEG, and y is calculated1Greater than 360, it is shown as 360.
The wind speed monitoring method comprises the following steps of collecting wind speed input analog quantity through a wind speed sensor and then transmitting the wind speed input analog quantity to a controller, calculating and processing the wind speed input analog quantity through the controller to obtain a wind speed actual value, and displaying the wind speed actual value through a display screen, wherein the calculation method of the wind speed actual value comprises the following steps:
y2=k2×（x2-4）
wherein, y2Is the actual value of the wind speed, k2Is the ratio of the wind speed to the wind speed analog quantity of the wind speed sensor, k2=70m/s/16mA=4.375，x2In the above calculation method, y is calculated as an input analog of the wind speed sensor2When the value is less than 0, it is 0. And when the condition that the over-wind speed state lasts for 3s is monitored, alarming by a wind speed alarm.
The monitoring of the hydraulic oil pressure is that a pressure sensor collects hydraulic oil pressure input analog quantity and then transmits the hydraulic oil pressure input analog quantity to a controller, the controller calculates and processes the hydraulic oil pressure input analog quantity to obtain a hydraulic oil pressure actual value, and then the hydraulic oil pressure actual value is displayed through a display screen, and the calculation method of the hydraulic oil pressure actual value is as follows:
y3=k3×（x3-4）
wherein, y3Is the actual value of the hydraulic oil pressure, k3Constant, k, calculated according to the range of the pressure sensor3= pressure sensor maximum measuring range MPa/16mA, x3Is the input analog quantity of the hydraulic oil pressure sensor.
The monitoring of the hydraulic oil temperature is that a temperature sensor collects hydraulic oil temperature input analog quantity and then transmits the hydraulic oil temperature input analog quantity to a controller, the controller calculates and processes the hydraulic oil temperature input analog quantity to obtain a hydraulic oil temperature actual value, and then the hydraulic oil temperature actual value is displayed through a display screen, and the calculation method of the hydraulic oil temperature actual value is as follows:
y4=k4×(x4-4)+a；y4is the actual value of the temperature of the hydraulic oil, x4Hydraulic oil temperature input analog, k4A is a constant calculated according to the measuring ranges of different temperature sensors, and a is the lower limit of the measuring range of the temperature sensor.And when the temperature of the hydraulic oil is monitored to be higher than 65 ℃, early warning is carried out through an oil temperature early warning device.
The monitoring of the hydraulic oil capacity is to detect whether a signal of hydraulic oil exists through a liquid level sensor arranged in a hydraulic oil tank and then display the signal through a display screen.
The diesel oil capacity is monitored by detecting whether a signal of diesel oil exists through a liquid level sensor arranged in a diesel oil tank and then displaying the signal through a display screen.
The health diagnosis method comprises the steps of health diagnosis of a hydraulic system transmission device; the health diagnosis method of the hydraulic system transmission device comprises the following steps: detecting the flow Q of the hydraulic system by using a first flow sensor, transmitting a flow signal to a controller, and detecting the rotation speed V of the winch drum by using a first speed sensor, wherein the unit is as follows: km/h, transmitting the rotating speed V to a controller, detecting the rotating speed n of the hydraulic pump by using a second speed sensor, inputting the rotating speed n into the controller, and detecting the flow rate Q of the output end of the hydraulic pump by using a second flow sensorPump and method of operating the sameIn units of L/min, and the flow rate QPump and method of operating the sameTransmitting the data to a controller; detecting the speed n of the hydraulic motor by means of a third speed sensor2And the rotational speed n is adjusted2Inputting into the controller, detecting the flow Q passing through the hydraulic motor by a third flow sensorHorseAnd the flow rate QHorseInputting the data into a controller; the theoretical rotational speed V is calculated in the controller using the following formula1The unit is km/h;
V1=0.1882·Q·D·η1·η2·η3/∑q
wherein Q is the actual flow of the hydraulic system, and the unit is L/min
D is the diameter of the drum in units of: mm is
η1Volumetric efficiency of hydraulic pump, to gear pump η1=0.88～0.90，η2-volumetric efficiency of valves in the system,
η3-the volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic motor,
∑ q is the total displacement of the hydraulic system, with the unit of L/min;
η1=0.96～0.97，η2=0.985～0.995，η3=0.97～0.98。
in the controller, using V1If the rotational speed V deviates from the theoretical rotational speed V, as compared with V1Diagnosing the health problem of the transmission device according to the set tolerance value; wherein the rotation speed V deviates from the theoretical rotation speed V1The tolerance value of +/-1 km/h is normal, otherwise, the health problem exists.
The theoretical flow rate Q of the hydraulic pump is calculated by the following formula2；
Wherein, VgThe unit of displacement of the hydraulic pump is ml/r, △ P is the pressure difference between the input end and the output end of the hydraulic pump, the unit is Mpa, n is the rotating speed, the unit is r/min, ηv1Is the volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic pump.
In the controller, using Q2And QPump and method of operating the sameMake a comparison if QPump and method of operating the sameDeviation Q2Diagnosing that the hydraulic pump has a health problem according to the set tolerance value; actual flow rate QPump and method of operating the sameDeviation from theoretical flow Q2The tolerance value of +/-1L/min is normal, otherwise, the health problem exists.
The theoretical flow Q of the hydraulic motor is calculated by the following formula3；
Wherein, VgThe unit of displacement of the hydraulic motor is ml/r, △ P is the pressure difference between the input end and the output end of the hydraulic motor, and the unit is Mpa, n2Is the rotational speed with the unit of r/min, ηv2Is the volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic motor.
In the controller, using Q3And QHorseMake a comparison if QHorseDeviation Q3The hydraulic motor is diagnosed to have a health problem by the set tolerance value; actual flow rate QHorseDeviation from theoretical flow Q3The tolerance value of +/-1L/min is positiveOften, otherwise, there is a health problem.
The efficiency evaluation method comprises the following steps: detecting hydraulic pressure P of hydraulic pump by pressure sensorPump and method of operating the sameIn Mpa, and the hydraulic pressure PPump and method of operating the sameTransmitting to a controller, and detecting the flow Q of the output end of the hydraulic pump by using a second flow sensorPump and method of operating the sameIn units of L/min, and the flow rate QPump and method of operating the sameThe actual power N of the hydraulic pump is calculated by the following formula in the controller, and the unit is KW;
N=PQ/60η
wherein η is the total efficiency of the hydraulic pump, η is 0.85-0.9.
Detecting tension F of the lifted goods or people by a force sensor, wherein the unit of the tension F is KN, inputting the tension F into a controller, detecting speed V of a steel wire rope connected with the goods or people by a fourth speed sensor, wherein the unit of the speed V is Km/h, inputting the speed V into the controller, and calculating lifting power P in the controller by the following formulaHanging craneIn KW;
Phanging crane=FV。
In the controller, P is calculatedHanging craneAnd the ratio i of the time to the N is used as an X axis, the value i corresponding to the time is used as a Y axis, a curve relation between the time and the i is formed in the controller, and a curve graph of the time and the i is displayed through the display screen.
In the invention, the sensor is connected with the controller, and the controller is connected with the display screen. The transmission device is a speed changer connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor and a winch connected to the speed changer. The hydraulic system is a hydraulic pipeline system.
According to the intelligent crane and the working method, the wind direction sensor arranged on the suspension arm, the wind speed sensor arranged on the suspension arm, the pressure sensor used for detecting the hydraulic oil pressure in the hydraulic pipeline system, the temperature sensor arranged on the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor, the liquid level sensor arranged in the hydraulic oil tank and the liquid level sensor arranged in the diesel oil tank are used for detecting corresponding signals, the signals are accurately calculated to obtain corresponding data, the data are displayed on the display screen, and the alarm is given to the signals exceeding the set range value, so that the processing precision is high, and the safety warning effect can be accurately played.
In the health diagnosis process, the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic motor and the transmission device are diagnosed by acquiring signals and calculating the signals by using the calculation method of the invention, wherein the transmission device comprises a speed changer connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor and a winch connected to the speed changer.
The energy efficiency is calculated by obtaining the power of the hydraulic motor and the power of the hoisting, and a curve graph is formed, so that an operator can see energy efficiency data during operation, historical energy efficiency data can also be checked, and the energy efficiency of the crane can be conveniently evaluated.
Claims (8)
1. The working method of the intelligent crane is characterized by comprising the following steps: the intelligent crane comprises a base, a rotary support arranged on the base, a rotary platform arranged on the rotary support, a tripod arranged on the rotary platform, a suspension arm hinged on the rotary platform, a winch arranged on the rotary platform, a steel wire rope connected on the winch, an oil tank, a hydraulic pump communicated with the oil tank, a hydraulic pipeline system connected at the output end of the hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor connected at the output end of the hydraulic pipeline system, wherein the hydraulic motor drives the winch to work; the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises a controller and a display screen connected to the controller; the controller is connected with a wind direction sensor arranged on the suspension arm, a wind speed sensor arranged on the suspension arm, a pressure sensor used for detecting the hydraulic oil pressure in a hydraulic pipeline system, a temperature sensor arranged on a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, a liquid level sensor arranged in a hydraulic oil tank, a liquid level sensor arranged in a diesel oil tank, a first flow sensor arranged in the hydraulic pipeline system, a first speed sensor arranged on a winch drum, a second speed sensor arranged on the hydraulic pump, a second flow sensor arranged at the output end of the hydraulic pump, a third speed sensor arranged on the hydraulic motor, a third flow sensor arranged on the hydraulic motor, a pressure sensor arranged on the hydraulic pump, a force sensor arranged on a steel wire rope and a fourth speed sensor used for detecting the speed of the steel wire rope;
the working method of the intelligent crane comprises a safety monitoring method, a health diagnosis method and an efficiency evaluation method;
the safety monitoring method comprises the steps of monitoring the wind direction, the wind speed, the hydraulic oil pressure, the hydraulic oil temperature, the hydraulic oil volume and the diesel oil volume;
the control of wind direction is for gathering wind direction input analog quantity through the wind direction sensor then transmitting to the controller in, the controller obtains wind direction actual value after carrying out calculation processing to wind direction input analog quantity, then shows wind direction actual value through the display screen, and the calculation method of wind direction actual value is:
y1=k1×（x1-4）
wherein, y1Is the actual value of the wind direction, k1Is the ratio of the wind direction to the wind direction analog quantity of the wind direction sensor, x1In the above calculation method, y is calculated as an input analog quantity of the wind direction sensor1When the angle is less than 0 DEG, the angle is displayed as 0 DEG, and y is calculated1Greater than 360 °, shown as 360 °;
the wind speed monitoring method comprises the following steps of collecting wind speed input analog quantity through a wind speed sensor and then transmitting the wind speed input analog quantity to a controller, calculating and processing the wind speed input analog quantity through the controller to obtain a wind speed actual value, and displaying the wind speed actual value through a display screen, wherein the calculation method of the wind speed actual value comprises the following steps:
y2=k2×（x2-4）
wherein, y2Is the actual value of the wind speed, k2Is the ratio of wind speed to wind speed analog quantity of the wind speed sensor, x2In the above calculation method, y is calculated as an input analog of the wind speed sensor2When less than 0, it shows 0;
the monitoring of the hydraulic oil pressure is that a pressure sensor collects hydraulic oil pressure input analog quantity and then transmits the hydraulic oil pressure input analog quantity to a controller, the controller calculates and processes the hydraulic oil pressure input analog quantity to obtain a hydraulic oil pressure actual value, and then the hydraulic oil pressure actual value is displayed through a display screen, and the calculation method of the hydraulic oil pressure actual value is as follows:
y3=k3×（x3-4）
wherein, y3Is the actual value of the hydraulic oil pressure, k3Constants, x, calculated according to the range of the pressure sensor3The analog quantity is input into the hydraulic oil pressure sensor;
the monitoring of the hydraulic oil temperature is that a temperature sensor collects hydraulic oil temperature input analog quantity and then transmits the hydraulic oil temperature input analog quantity to a controller, the controller calculates and processes the hydraulic oil temperature input analog quantity to obtain a hydraulic oil temperature actual value, and then the hydraulic oil temperature actual value is displayed through a display screen, and the calculation method of the hydraulic oil temperature actual value is as follows:
y4=k4×(x4-4)+a；y4is the actual value of the temperature of the hydraulic oil, x4Hydraulic oil temperature input analog, k4A is a constant calculated according to the measuring ranges of different temperature sensors, and a is the lower limit of the measuring range of the temperature sensor;
monitoring the hydraulic oil capacity by detecting whether a signal of hydraulic oil exists through a liquid level sensor arranged in a hydraulic oil tank and then displaying the signal through a display screen;
the diesel oil capacity is monitored by detecting whether a signal of diesel oil exists through a liquid level sensor arranged in a diesel oil tank and then displaying the signal through a display screen;
the health diagnosis method comprises the steps of health diagnosis of a hydraulic system transmission device; the health diagnosis method of the hydraulic system transmission device comprises the following steps: detecting the flow Q of the hydraulic system by using a first flow sensor, transmitting a flow signal to a controller, and detecting the rotation speed V of the winch drum by using a first speed sensor, wherein the unit is as follows: km/h, transmitting the rotating speed V to a controller, detecting the rotating speed n of the hydraulic pump by using a second speed sensor, inputting the rotating speed n into the controller, and detecting the flow rate Q of the output end of the hydraulic pump by using a second flow sensorPump and method of operating the sameIn units of L/min, and the flow rate QPump and method of operating the sameTransmitting the data to a controller; detecting the speed n of the hydraulic motor by means of a third speed sensor2And the rotational speed n is adjusted2Inputting into the controller, detecting the flow Q passing through the hydraulic motor by a third flow sensorHorseAnd the flow rate QHorseInputting the data into a controller; the theoretical rotational speed V is calculated in the controller using the following formula1The unit is km/h;
V1=0.1882·Q·D·η1·η2·η3/∑q
wherein Q is the actual flow of the hydraulic system, and the unit is L/min
D is the diameter of the drum in units of: mm is
η1Volumetric efficiency of hydraulic pump, to gear pump η1=0.88～0.90，η2-volumetric efficiency of valves in the system,
η3-the volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic motor,
∑ q is the total displacement of the hydraulic system, with the unit of L/min;
in the controller, using V1If the rotational speed V deviates from the theoretical rotational speed V, as compared with V1Diagnosing the health problem of the transmission device according to the set tolerance value;
the theoretical flow rate Q of the hydraulic pump is calculated by the following formula2；
Vg is the displacement of the hydraulic pump, and the unit is: ml/r, n is the rotating speed, the unit is r/min,
ηv1volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic pump;
in the controller, using Q2And QPump and method of operating the sameMake a comparison if QPump and method of operating the sameDeviation Q2Diagnosing that the hydraulic pump has a health problem according to the set tolerance value;
the theoretical flow Q of the hydraulic motor is calculated by the following formula3；
Wherein, VgIs the displacement of the hydraulic motor, and the unit is: ml/r, n2Is the rotational speed with the unit of r/min, ηv2Is the volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic motor;
in the controller, using Q3And QHorseMake a comparison if QHorseDeviation Q3The hydraulic motor is diagnosed to have a health problem by the set tolerance value;
the efficiency evaluation method comprises the following steps: detecting hydraulic pressure P of hydraulic pump by pressure sensorPump and method of operating the sameIn Mpa, and the hydraulic pressure PPump and method of operating the sameTransmitting to a controller, and detecting the flow Q of the output end of the hydraulic pump by using a second flow sensorPump and method of operating the sameIn units of L/min, and the flow rate QPump and method of operating the sameThe actual power N of the hydraulic pump is calculated by the following formula in the controller, and the unit is KW;
N=PQ/60η
wherein η is the total efficiency of the hydraulic pump;
detecting tension F of the lifted goods or people by a force sensor, wherein the unit of the tension F is KN, inputting the tension F into a controller, detecting speed V of a steel wire rope connected with the goods or people by a fourth speed sensor, wherein the unit of the speed V is Km/h, inputting the speed V into the controller, and calculating lifting power P in the controller by the following formulaHanging craneIn KW;
Phanging crane=FV
In the controller, P is calculatedHanging craneAnd the ratio i of the time to the N is used as an X axis, the value i corresponding to the time is used as a Y axis, a curve relation between the time and the i is formed in the controller, and a curve graph of the time and the i is displayed through the display screen.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the intelligent crane comprises: k is a radical of1=360°/16mA=22.5，k2=70m/s/16mA=4.375，k3And = maximum measuring range MPa/16mA of the pressure sensor.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the intelligent crane comprises: and when the condition that the over-wind speed state lasts for 3s is monitored, alarming by a wind speed alarm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the intelligent crane comprises: and when the temperature of the hydraulic oil is monitored to be higher than 65 ℃, early warning is carried out through an oil temperature early warning device.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein η is used as a reference for the intelligent crane1=0.96～0.97，η2=0.985～0.995，η3=0.97～0.98。
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the intelligent crane comprises: the rotational speed V deviates from the theoretical rotational speed V1The tolerance value of (A) is plus or minus 1km/h, which is normal.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the intelligent crane comprises: actual flow rate QPump and method of operating the sameDeviation from theoretical flow Q2The tolerance value of the flow rate is plus or minus 1L/min, and the actual flow rate Q is normalHorseDeviation from theoretical flow Q3A tolerance value of. + -. 1L/min is normal.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein η is 0.85-0.9.
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