CN109533247B - Piezoelectric Vibration Suppression System and Vibration Suppression Method for Marine Propeller Blade Hydroelastic Vibration - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a piezoelectric vibration suppression system and a vibration suppression method for the hydroelastic vibration of a marine propeller blade. The piezoelectric vibration suppression system comprises a propeller blade, a piezoelectric sensing actuation integrated chip arranged on the blade tip of the propeller blade, a laser Vibration meter, spectrum analyzer, computer, signal processing and A/D conversion module, microcontroller, amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module, reverse excitation module, charge amplifier and piezoelectric shunt circuit, among which piezoelectric sensor The actuating integrated sheet includes a piezoelectric sensing sheet arranged at a central position and a piezoelectric actuating sheet evenly arranged around the piezoelectric sensing sheet, and the piezoelectric sensing actuating sheet is designed to release propeller blades; the vibration suppression method By comparing the amplitude of the vibration signal of the propeller blade measured by the laser vibrometer and the piezoelectric sensor sheet with the specified amplitude, choose to achieve passive suppression through the piezoelectric shunt circuit, or combine the reverse excitation module and charge amplifier Active suppression is realized; the invention has a good prospect of popularization and application.

Description

Piezoelectric Vibration Suppression System and Vibration Suppression Method for Marine Propeller Blade Hydroelastic Vibration

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration suppression, and in particular relates to a piezoelectric vibration suppression system and a vibration suppression method for hydroelastic vibration of marine propeller blades.

Background technique

The hydroelastic vibration of the propeller is one of the factors affecting the performance and stability of the marine propeller. For the vibration of the propeller, there are mainly three forms of vibration suppression methods: (1) Improve the structure of the propeller, including the use of sawtooth blade The propeller shall be trimmed, the large skew propeller shall be selected, and the propeller blade shall be added; (2) the propeller shall be made of composite material, or the composite material coating shall be added to the propeller blade; (3) the external vibration damping device shall be added, including the use of dynamic vibration absorbers, Hydraulic shock absorbers or increase rubber dampers, etc. The use of the above vibration damping methods suppresses the vibration of the propeller to a certain extent, but at the same time increases the manufacturing process, manufacturing cost or external volume of the propeller. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to explore a new vibration suppression method to solve the hydroelastic vibration problem of the propeller without changing the structure of the propeller and basically without increasing the external mass and volume.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a piezoelectric vibration suppression system and a vibration suppression method for the hydroelastic vibration of a marine propeller blade, the piezoelectric vibration suppression system and the vibration suppression method have low energy consumption and a good vibration suppression effect; In order to solve the problems of complicated manufacturing process and high manufacturing cost of the propeller with vibration suppression function in the prior art; the specific technical scheme is as follows:

On the one hand, a piezoelectric vibration suppression system for hydroelastic vibration of a marine propeller blade is provided, the piezoelectric vibration suppression system includes a propeller blade, a piezoelectric sensing actuation integrated sheet installed on the tip of the propeller blade, a laser vibration measurement instrument, spectrum analyzer, computer, signal processing and A/D conversion module, single chip microcomputer, amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module, reverse excitation signal module, charge amplifier and piezoelectric shunt circuit, wherein the piezoelectric transmission The sensing and actuating integrated sheet includes a piezoelectric sensing sheet arranged at a central position and a piezoelectric actuating sheet evenly arranged around the piezoelectric sensing sheet, and the piezoelectric actuating sheet is used to generate a reverse vibration signal to To offset part of the vibration of the propeller blade, the piezoelectric sensor sheet is used to monitor the vibration of the propeller blade and the piezoelectric actuator and transmit it to the signal processing and A/D conversion module in the form of an electrical signal; The signal processing and A/D conversion module is used to process the electrical signal, and perform the A/D conversion operation on the electrical signal;

The laser vibrometer is connected to the piezoelectric actuator and the spectrum analyzer, and the laser vibrometer is used to collect the vibration signal of the propeller blade and send the vibration signal to the spectrum analyzer The spectrum analyzer is also connected with the piezoelectric sensor sheet and the computer to process the electrical signal and the vibration signal, and display and process it through the computer;

The amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module is connected with the piezoelectric shunt circuit, the reverse excitation signal module and the single-chip microcomputer, the piezoelectric shunt circuit is connected with the piezoelectric actuator, and the piezoelectric shunt is connected to the piezoelectric actuator. The circuit is used to realize the passive suppression operation on the propeller blade; the charge amplifier is connected with the reverse excitation signal module and the piezoelectric actuator, and the reverse excitation signal module is used for sending a reverse excitation signal to the charge amplifier, and after being amplified by the charge amplifier, it acts on the piezoelectric actuator to realize the active suppression of the helical blade; the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the signal processing and A/D conversion module and the computer , the single-chip microcomputer transmits the electrical signal processed by the signal processing and A/D conversion module to the amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module, and the amplitude comparison D/A conversion module The amplitude value A _T of the electrical signal is compared with the amplitude value area [A _m , A _C ] set in the D/A conversion module for comparison and D/A conversion operation, and at the same time, the The data of the electrical signal of the single-chip microcomputer is collected and stored.

Preferably, the piezoelectric shunt circuit includes a series-connected variable resistor R _P and a variable negative capacitor -C _r and an electronic switch, the variable resistor R _P and the variable negative capacitor -C _r are used to consume all The energy generated by the vibration of the propeller blades.

Preferably, the piezoelectric sensing actuation integrated sheet and the propeller blade have the same outer contour, and the piezoelectric sensing actuation integrated sheet has a structure imitating a propeller blade.

Preferably, the piezoelectric sensing piece has a circular structure, the piezoelectric actuating piece has an irregular shape, and the irregular shapes are evenly distributed on the circular structure.

On the other hand, provide a kind of vibration suppression method of the piezoelectric vibration suppression system of the hydroelastic vibration of the marine propeller blade, be applied to the piezoelectric vibration suppression system of the hydroelastic vibration of the marine propeller blade, and the vibration suppression method comprises the steps:

S1, in the described amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module, set the amplitude region of size as [A _m , A _C ];

S2. Control the rotation of the propeller blade, measure the vibration signal of the propeller blade by the laser vibrometer, transmit it to the spectrum analyzer, and analyze and process it by the computer; at the same time, the signal processing and The A/D conversion module receives the electrical signal monitored by the piezoelectric sensor sheet, performs analysis and A/D conversion operation, and then transmits it to the single-chip microcomputer;

S3. The single-chip microcomputer transmits the electrical signal to the amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module, and compares the amplitude A _T of the electrical signal with that of the set amplitude size region [A _m , A _C ] size, and select the vibration suppression mode for the propeller blade according to the comparison result.

Preferably, in step S3, if A _m <A _T < A _C , the single-chip microcomputer controls the piezoelectric shunt circuit to suppress the vibration of the propeller blade, so as to realize passive suppression of the propeller blade; if A _T >A _C , the single-chip microcomputer controls the reverse excitation signal module to send an excitation signal, and after being amplified by the charge amplifier, the vibration of the propeller blade is suppressed, so as to realize the active suppression of the propeller blade.

Preferably, if the amplitude A _T of the electrical signal is reduced to A _m <A _T <A _C during the active suppression process, the vibration suppression method of the piezoelectric vibration suppression system changes from active suppression to passive suppression .

Preferably, in step S2, it also includes the step of comparing the vibration signal transmitted by the laser vibrometer to the spectrum analyzer at the same time with the vibration signal of the propeller blade measured in real time by the laser vibrometer. comparison, so as to calibrate the vibration displacement of the piezoelectric sensing piece.

The piezoelectric vibration suppression system and the vibration suppression method for the hydroelastic vibration of the marine propeller blade of the present invention are provided with a piezoelectric sensor actuating integrated chip at the tip of the propeller blade, and cooperate with a laser vibration measuring instrument, a spectrum analyzer, and a computer. , single chip microcomputer, signal processing and A/D conversion module, amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module, reverse excitation signal module, charge amplifier and piezoelectric shunt circuit to form a piezoelectric vibration suppression system; The invention applies piezoelectric passive vibration suppression and piezoelectric active vibration suppression to the vibration suppression of marine propeller blades. According to different vibration amplitudes, the vibration suppression system automatically selects the corresponding vibration suppression mode, which can realize the maximum vibration suppression of the propeller blade vibration. The vane-like piezoelectric sensing and actuating integrated sheet compactly integrates the piezoelectric sensing sheet and the piezoelectric actuating sheet, so that one piezoelectric sensing sheet cooperates with four piezoelectric actuating sheets to work, and the piezoelectric current is divided. The variable resistance and variable negative capacitance structure of the circuit can adjust the vibration suppression range of the piezoelectric passive vibration suppression, realize the stable operation of the passive vibration suppression in multiple working conditions, and have good promotion value.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram schematic diagram of the piezoelectric vibration suppression system of the hydroelastic vibration of the marine propeller described in the embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the piezoelectric sensing actuating integrated sheet on the propeller blade in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a structural diagram of the electrical sensing actuation integrated chip in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an implementation process of the vibration suppression method of the piezoelectric vibration suppression system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Identification description: 1-propeller blade, 2-piezoelectric sensor actuation integrated chip, 3-laser vibrometer, 4-spectrum analyzer, 5-computer, 6-signal processing and A/D conversion module, 7-MCU , 8-amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module, 9-reverse excitation signal module, 10-charge amplifier, 11-piezoelectric shunt circuit;

2-1: Piezoelectric sensing piece, 2-2: Piezoelectric actuating piece.

Detailed ways

In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Example 1

1 to 3 , in an embodiment of the present invention, a piezoelectric vibration suppression system for hydroelastic vibration of a marine propeller blade is provided. The piezoelectric vibration suppression system includes a propeller blade 1 and is installed on the tip of the propeller blade. 2, laser vibrometer 3, spectrum analyzer 4, computer 5, signal processing and A/D conversion module 6, single chip microcomputer 7, amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module 8, reverse To the excitation signal module 9, the charge amplifier 10 and the piezoelectric shunt circuit 11, wherein the piezoelectric sensing actuation integrated sheet 2 includes a piezoelectric sensing sheet 2-1 arranged at the center position and a piezoelectric sensing sheet evenly surrounding the piezoelectric sensing sheet The piezoelectric actuator 2-2 is provided, the piezoelectric actuator 2-2 is used to generate a reverse vibration signal to offset part of the vibration of the propeller blade 1, and the piezoelectric sensor sheet 2-1 is used to monitor the propeller blade 1 and the The vibration of the piezoelectric actuator 2-2 is transmitted to the signal processing and A/D conversion module 6 in the form of electrical signals; the signal processing and A/D conversion module 6 is used to process the electrical signals and convert the electrical signals into A/D conversion operation; the laser vibrometer 3 is connected to the piezoelectric actuator 2-2 and the spectrum analyzer 4, and the laser vibrometer 3 is used to collect the vibration signal of the propeller blade 1 and send the vibration signal to the spectrum analyzer , the spectrum analyzer is also connected with the piezoelectric sensor sheet 2-1 and the computer 5 to process the electrical signal and the vibration signal, and display and process it through the computer 5; the amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module 8 is connected with the piezoelectric The shunt circuit 11, the reverse excitation signal module 9 and the single chip 7 are connected, the piezoelectric shunt circuit 11 is connected to the piezoelectric actuation 2-2 pieces, and the piezoelectric shunt circuit 11 is used to realize the passive suppression operation on the propeller blade 1; the charge amplifier 10 Connected with the reverse excitation signal module 9 and the piezoelectric actuator 2-2, the reverse excitation signal module is used to send a reverse excitation signal to the charge amplifier, and after being amplified by the charge amplifier 10, it acts on the piezoelectric action. The moving piece 2-2 realizes the active suppression operation on the screw blade 1; It is transmitted to the amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module 8, and the amplitude A _T of the electrical signal is compared with the amplitude comparison D/A conversion module 8 by the amplitude comparison D/A conversion module 8. The amplitude value area set in the D/A conversion module 8 [ A _m , A _C ] are used for comparison and D/A conversion operations, and at the same time, the computer 5 collects and stores the electrical signal data passing through the single-chip microcomputer 7.

Specifically, the piezoelectric shunt circuit 11 is provided with a variable resistor R _P and a variable negative capacitor -C _r connected in series, and an electronic switch. If the amplitude A _T satisfies the condition _Am <A _T <A _C , the The electronic switch is closed, otherwise, the electronic switch is disconnected; and during the closing period of the electronic switch, the piezoelectric shunt circuit 11 is turned on, the piezoelectric actuating piece 2-2 vibrates with the propeller blade 1, and the vibration makes the piezoelectric actuation Sheet 2-2 generates current, and the vibration energy is converted into electrical energy. When the current flows through the variable resistor R _P and the variable negative capacitor -C _r , the variable resistor R _P generates heat and consumes electrical energy, and the variable negative capacitor -C _r is charged and discharged through It consumes electric energy and indirectly consumes the vibration energy, so as to achieve passive vibration suppression; and can adjust the piezoelectric shunt circuit 11 by changing the resistance value of the variable resistor R _P and the capacitance value of the variable negative capacitor -C _r . The passive vibration suppression effect is adapted to suppress the vibration of the propeller blade 1 under different working environments, so that the propeller blade 1 is within a suitable vibration amplitude range.

In the specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure accurate monitoring of the vibration of the propeller blade 1, and at the same time make the piezoelectric sensing actuation integrated sheet 2 fit the propeller blade 1, the present invention uses the piezoelectric sensing actuation integrated sheet The outer contour of 2 is set to be consistent with the propeller blade 1, that is, the piezoelectric sensing actuating integrated sheet 2 in the present invention has a structure imitating the propeller blade; The electric actuating piece 2-2 is arranged in an irregular shape, and the irregular shape is evenly distributed and arranged on the circular structure.

Embodiment 2

Referring to FIG. 4 , in the embodiment of the present invention, a vibration suppression method for a piezoelectric vibration suppression system of hydroelastic vibration of a marine propeller blade is provided, which is applied to the piezoelectric vibration suppression system of the hydroelastic vibration of a marine propeller blade, suppressing The specific process of the vibration method is as follows:

First, when the propeller blade 1 is vibrating, the amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module 8 sets an amplitude region whose size is [A _m , A _C ].

Then, during the vibration process of the propeller blade 1, the vibration signal of the propeller blade is measured by the laser vibrometer 3, and transmitted to the spectrum analyzer 4, and analyzed and processed by the computer 5; 6. Receive the electrical signal monitored by the piezoelectric sensor sheet, perform analysis and A/D conversion, and then transmit it to the single-chip microcomputer 7; and transmit the vibration signal and laser vibration measuring instrument 3 to the spectrum analyzer 4 at the same time. The vibration signal of the propeller blade 1 measured in real time by the instrument 3 is compared to realize the vibration displacement calibration of the piezoelectric sensor sheet 2-2; then, the single-chip microcomputer 7 transmits the electrical signal to the amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module 8, The amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module 8 compares the amplitude A _T of the electrical signal with the amplitude region of the set size [A _m , A _C ]; finally, the vibration suppression mode to the propeller blade 1 is selected according to the comparison result, Specifically: if A _m < A _T < A _C , the single-chip microcomputer 7 controls the piezoelectric shunt circuit 11 to suppress the vibration of the propeller blade 1 , so as to realize the passive suppression operation of the propeller blade 1 ; if A _T > A _C , the single-chip microcomputer 7 7. Control the reverse excitation signal module 9 to generate an excitation signal and transmit the excitation signal to the charge amplifier 10, and suppress the vibration of the propeller blade 1 after being amplified by the charge amplifier 10, so as to realize the active suppression operation of the propeller blade 1; The value A _T decreases to A _m <A _T <A _C during the active suppression process, and the vibration suppression method of the piezoelectric vibration suppression system changes from active suppression to passive suppression; for example, set A _m to 0.01mm, A _C is 0.1mm, if the vibration amplitude A _T of the propeller blade 1 is 0.5mm at this time, the piezoelectric vibration suppression system of the hydroelastic vibration of the propeller blade will first perform active vibration suppression in a continuous cycle until the A _T is reduced to less than 0.1mm. The hourly piezoelectric vibration suppression system will enter the passive vibration suppression link. After the passive vibration suppression, when the propeller amplitude is less than 0.01mm, the vibration suppression system will end, otherwise the passive vibration suppression operation will be further carried out.

The piezoelectric vibration suppression system and the vibration suppression method for the hydroelastic vibration of the marine propeller blade of the present invention are provided with a piezoelectric sensor actuating integrated chip at the tip of the propeller blade, and cooperate with a laser vibration measuring instrument, a spectrum analyzer, and a computer. , single chip microcomputer, signal processing and A/D conversion module, amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module, reverse excitation signal module, charge amplifier and piezoelectric shunt circuit to form a piezoelectric vibration suppression system; The invention applies piezoelectric passive vibration suppression and piezoelectric active vibration suppression to the vibration suppression of marine propeller blades. According to different vibration amplitudes, the vibration suppression system automatically selects the corresponding vibration suppression mode, which can realize the maximum vibration suppression of the propeller blade vibration. The vane-like piezoelectric sensing and actuating integrated sheet compactly integrates the piezoelectric sensing sheet and the piezoelectric actuating sheet, so that one piezoelectric sensing sheet cooperates with four piezoelectric actuating sheets to work, and the piezoelectric current is divided. The variable resistance and variable negative capacitance structure of the circuit can adjust the vibration suppression range of the piezoelectric passive vibration suppression, realize the stable operation of the passive vibration suppression in multiple working conditions, and have good promotion value.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still The technical solutions described in the specific embodiments are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced. Any equivalent structures made by using the contents of the description and the accompanying drawings of the present invention, which are directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are all within the protection scope of the patent of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The piezoelectric vibration suppression system for marine propeller blade hydro-elastic vibration is characterized by comprising a propeller blade, a piezoelectric sensing actuation integrated chip arranged at the blade tip of the propeller blade, a laser vibration meter, a spectrum analyzer, a computer, a signal processing and A/D conversion module, a singlechip, an amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module, a reverse excitation signal module, a charge amplifier and a piezoelectric shunt circuit, wherein, the piezoelectric sensing actuation integrated chip comprises a piezoelectric sensing chip arranged at the central position and a piezoelectric actuation chip uniformly surrounding the piezoelectric sensing chip, the piezoelectric actuator is used for generating a reverse vibration signal to counteract partial vibration of the propeller blades, the piezoelectric sensing piece is used for monitoring the vibration conditions of the propeller blade and the piezoelectric actuating piece and transmitting the vibration conditions to the signal processing and A/D conversion module in an electric signal mode; the signal processing and A/D conversion module is used for processing the electric signal and performing A/D conversion operation on the electric signal;

the laser vibration meter is connected with the piezoelectric actuating piece and the spectrum analyzer, the laser vibration meter is used for collecting vibration signals of the propeller blades and sending the vibration signals to the spectrum analyzer, and the spectrum analyzer is also connected with the piezoelectric sensing piece and the computer, is used for processing the electric signals and the vibration signals, and is displayed and processed by the computer;

the amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module is connected with the piezoelectric shunt circuit, the reverse excitation signal module and the single chip microcomputer, the piezoelectric shunt circuit is connected with the piezoelectric actuating piece, and the piezoelectric shunt circuit is used for realizing passive suppression operation on the propeller blades; the charge amplifier is connected with the reverse excitation signal module and the piezoelectric actuating piece, and the reverse excitation signal module is used for sending a reverse excitation signal to the charge amplifier and acting on the piezoelectric actuating piece after being amplified by the charge amplifier to realize the active inhibition operation of the spiral blade; the single chip microcomputer is connected with the signal processing and A/D conversion module and a computer, the single chip microcomputer transmits the electric signals processed by the signal processing and A/D conversion module to the amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module, the amplitude comparison D/A conversion module compares the amplitude AT of the electric signals with an amplitude size area [ Am, AC ] set in the amplitude comparison D/A conversion module and performs D/A conversion operation, and meanwhile, the computer collects and stores data of the electric signals passing through the single chip microcomputer.

2. A piezoelectric vibration suppression system for marine propeller blade hydroelastic vibrations as defined in claim 1, including a series connection of variable resistors R on said piezoelectric shunt circuit_PAnd a variable negative capacitance-C_rAnd an electronic switch, the variable resistor R_PAnd a variable negative capacitance-C_rFor dissipating energy generated by the vibration of the propeller blades.

3. The piezoelectric vibration suppression system for marine propeller blade hydro-elastic vibration according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric sensing actuation chip has the same outer contour as the propeller blade, and the piezoelectric sensing actuation chip is a propeller blade-like structure.

4. The piezoelectric vibration suppression system for marine propeller blade hydroelastic vibrations according to claim 1, wherein said piezoelectric sensing patch has a circular structure, said piezoelectric actuator patch has an irregular shape, and said irregular shape is uniformly distributed on said circular structure.

5. The vibration suppression method of the piezoelectric vibration suppression system for the marine propeller blade hydro-elastic vibration is applied to the piezoelectric vibration suppression system for the marine propeller blade hydro-elastic vibration of any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, setting the amplitude value to be [ A ] in the amplitude value comparison and D/A conversion module_m,A_C]The amplitude region of (a);

s2, controlling the propeller blades to rotate, measuring the vibration signals of the propeller blades through the laser vibration meter, transmitting the vibration signals to the spectrum analyzer, and analyzing and processing the vibration signals by the computer; meanwhile, the signal processing and A/D conversion module receives an electric signal obtained by monitoring the piezoelectric sensing piece, analyzes and performs A/D conversion operation, and then transmits the electric signal to the singlechip;

s3, the single chip microcomputer transmits the electric signal to the amplitude comparison and D/A conversion module, and compares the amplitude A of the electric signal_TAnd setting the amplitude size region [ A ]_m,A_C]And selecting a vibration suppression mode for the propeller blades according to the comparison result.

6. The vibration suppressing method of a piezoelectric vibration suppressing system for marine propeller blades hydro-elastic vibration according to claim 5, wherein in step S3, if A is_m<A_T<A_CThe single chip microcomputer controls the piezoelectric shunt circuit to suppress the vibration of the propeller blade, so that the passive suppression of the propeller blade is realized; if it isA_T>A_CAnd the single chip microcomputer controls the reverse excitation signal module to send an excitation signal, and the vibration of the propeller blade is suppressed after the excitation signal is amplified by the charge amplifier, so that the active suppression of the propeller blade is realized.

7. A method of suppressing vibration of a piezoelectric vibration suppressing system for marine propeller blades according to claim 5, wherein if said electric signal has an amplitude A_TIs reduced to A during the active inhibition process_m<A_T<A_CThe vibration suppression method of the piezoelectric vibration suppression system is changed from active suppression to passive suppression.

8. The method for suppressing vibration of a piezoelectric vibration suppressing system for marine propeller blade water elastic vibration according to claim 5, further comprising a step of comparing a vibration signal transmitted from said laser vibration meter to said spectrum analyzer at the same time with a vibration signal of said propeller blade measured by said laser vibration meter in real time to calibrate a vibration displacement of said piezoelectric sensing piece at step S2.

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