CN109530724B

CN109530724B - High-precision horizontal lathe

Info

Publication number: CN109530724B
Application number: CN201811484824.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张海明
Original assignee: Guangzhou Jasu Precision Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: GUANGZHOU JASU PRECISION MACHINERY Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2018-12-06
Filing date: 2018-12-06
Publication date: 2021-06-25
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-06
Also published as: CN109530724A

Abstract

The invention provides a high-precision horizontal lathe which comprises a base, a damping device arranged on the base and a machine tool bearing plate arranged on the damping device; the shock absorption device comprises shock absorption pads arranged at the tops of the bases and shock absorber assemblies arranged on the shock absorption pads, and at least four groups of the shock absorber assemblies are uniformly arranged; the machine tool loading plate is provided with a machine tool operating platform, a control box and a distribution box for supplying power to the control box, the upper end of the control box is provided with a fixing mechanism, and one end of the fixing mechanism is provided with a chuck; the machine tool operating table is provided with a guide rail, a tool rest and a tail frame, and the guide rail is provided with a center frame assembly. The invention can effectively reduce the vibration of the machine tool during working, and can also effectively reduce the vibration of the machine tool in the horizontal and vertical directions through the multi-stage vibration absorption of the damping pad and the damper assembly, thereby improving the processing precision of workpieces; the horizontal machine tool is simple and convenient to operate, accurate and rapid in centering, and can effectively improve machining precision.

Description

High-precision horizontal lathe

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of machining equipment, and particularly relates to a high-precision horizontal lathe.

Background

With the rapid growth of national economy, the great demand of the market for equipment is pulled. At present, the requirement on a horizontal lathe in the domestic market is higher and higher, the horizontal lathe is a high-precision and high-efficiency machine tool, is provided with a multi-station cutter tower or a power cutter tower, has wide processing performance, and can process various complex workpieces. However, the existing horizontal lathe still has certain defects, when the horizontal lathe runs, very obvious vibration can be generated, the vibration can cause part machining errors and influence the quality of the part machining, the existing lathe needs to be further strengthened in the aspect of damping, and in order to solve the problems, the machine tool with the damping structure is needed to meet the requirements of people. Moreover, because the rigidity of the machined slender shaft type part is poor, in order to avoid vibration, reduce the geometric shape error of the workpiece and improve the machining precision of the workpiece, a center frame is usually needed, but the existing center frame is very inconvenient to use when the slender workpiece is placed, and the workpiece is inconvenient to take, place and fix.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a high-precision horizontal lathe to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a high-precision horizontal lathe comprises a base, a damping device arranged on the base and a machine tool bearing plate arranged on the damping device; the shock absorption device comprises shock absorption pads arranged at the tops of the bases and shock absorber assemblies arranged on the shock absorption pads, and at least four groups of the shock absorber assemblies are uniformly arranged; the machine tool loading plate is provided with a machine tool operating platform, a control box and a distribution box for supplying power to the control box, the upper end of the control box is provided with a fixing mechanism, and one end of the fixing mechanism is provided with a chuck; the machine tool operating table is provided with a guide rail, a tool rest and a tail frame, and the guide rail is provided with a center frame assembly.

Furthermore, the bumper shock absorber subassembly includes the central bumper shock absorber of vertical setting and the side direction bumper shock absorber that central bumper shock absorber both sides correspond the slant and set up.

Furthermore, the center frame assembly comprises a mounting seat arranged on the guide rail and two supporting frames arranged on the mounting seat at intervals.

Furthermore, the middle part of the support frame is provided with a circular workpiece hole, and the periphery of the workpiece hole is uniformly provided with an adjusting mechanism.

Furthermore, the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting rod in threaded connection with the support frame, a hemispherical stopper is arranged at one end, facing the center of the support frame, of the adjusting rod, and a threaded hole for arranging the adjusting rod is formed in the support frame.

Furthermore, be equipped with in the hemisphere stopper and hold the chamber, hold the intracavity and be equipped with and hold chamber clearance fit's ball, be equipped with on the stopper and hold the oil filler point of chamber intercommunication, ball salient is in the stopper surface of one side towards the support frame center.

Furthermore, the position of the limiting stopper corresponding to the protruding position of the ball is provided with an annular skirt edge for preventing the ball from falling.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the invention can effectively reduce the vibration of the machine tool during working, and can also effectively reduce the vibration of the machine tool in the horizontal and vertical directions through the multi-stage vibration absorption of the damping pad and the damper assembly, thereby improving the processing precision of workpieces; meanwhile, the support frame and the adjusting mechanism on the support frame can play a good role in positioning and supporting the machined workpiece, so that the long-shaft workpiece is prevented from moving during machining; the ball arranged on the limiter can rotate along with the workpiece when the workpiece is machined, so that the machining stability can be further improved; lubricating oil is filled into the limiting stopper, so that the continuous rotation of the ball can be ensured, and meanwhile, the ball has a certain amount of telescopic and adjusting capacity, so that the ball is effectively prevented from scratching the workpiece, and the finished product rate of the workpiece is improved; the horizontal machine tool is simple and convenient to operate, accurate and rapid in centering, capable of effectively improving machining precision, capable of guaranteeing that a long shaft is machined stably, free of shaking and jumping and capable of improving safety factors.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention without limitation. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a support frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a stopper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a damper block portion in an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a base; 2-bearing plate of machine tool; 3-a shock pad; 4-a machine tool operating table; 5-a control box; 6-a distribution box; 7-a fixing mechanism; 8-a chuck; 9-a guide rail; 10-a tool holder; 11-a tailstock; 12-a central shock absorber; 13-lateral shock absorbers; 14-a mounting seat; 15-a support frame; 16-a workpiece hole; 17-adjusting rod; 18-a stop; 19-a frame body; 20-a scaffold; 21-a containing cavity; 22-skirt edge; 23-oil filler hole; 24-a gas compression chamber; 25-an exhaust port; 26-a groove; 27-a ball; 28-diaphragm.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g. as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

A high-precision horizontal lathe is shown in figures 1 to 4 and comprises a base 1, a damping device arranged on the base 1 and a machine tool bearing plate 2 arranged on the damping device; the shock absorption device comprises shock absorption pads 3 arranged on a base and shock absorber assemblies arranged on the shock absorption pads 3, wherein at least four groups of shock absorber assemblies are uniformly arranged, so that the shock absorber assemblies can stably support a machine tool bearing plate; the machine tool bearing plate is provided with a machine tool operating platform 4, an operating box 5 for workers to operate and a distribution box 6 for supplying power to the operating box, the upper end of the operating box 5 is provided with a fixing mechanism 7, and one end of the fixing mechanism is provided with a chuck 8; the machine tool operating table is provided with a guide rail 9, a tool rest 10 and a tail frame 11, and the guide rail is provided with a center frame assembly. The shock pad can adopt the preparation of yielding rubber, lathe operation panel, control box, block terminal are prior art, and guide rail, knife rest and tailstock can adopt and set up with the same structure order of current lathe, and the knife rest can be through setting up on the lathe operation panel with the same lead screw of current lathe and feed rod, and fixed establishment is unanimous with the mechanism that is used for setting up the chuck on the current lathe.

The shock absorber component comprises a vertically arranged central shock absorber 12 and obliquely arranged lateral shock absorbers 13 which correspond to two sides of the central shock absorber 12, the bottoms of the central shock absorber and the lateral shock absorbers are fixed on the shock absorbing pad 3, the tops of the central shock absorber and the lateral shock absorbers are fixed at the bottom of the machine tool bearing plate, the central shock absorber and the lateral shock absorbers can adopt the existing double-cylinder hydraulic shock absorbers, the central shock absorber can effectively reduce the shock of the machine tool bearing plate in the vertical direction, the obliquely arranged lateral shock absorbers can effectively reduce the shock of the machine tool bearing plate in the horizontal direction and further reduce the shock of the machine tool bearing plate in the vertical direction, meanwhile, as the shock absorber component is arranged on the shock absorbing pad, the shock absorbing pad can further reduce the shock transmitted by the shock absorber component, and through the multi-stage shock absorption of the shock absorbing pad and the shock absorber component, the bearing plate of the machine tool can be more stable, so that the machine tool has less vibration when processing a workpiece, and the high-precision workpiece processing is facilitated.

In an alternative embodiment, the central damper 12 may also be a damping block made of damping rubber, in which a plurality of gas compression chambers 24 for damping vibration are provided, and the bottom of the damping block is provided with gas discharge ports 25 respectively communicating with the gas compression chambers 24.

It should be noted that, an gas vent 25 only communicates with a gas compression chamber, the gas vent is the round hole structure, the diameter of round hole all is less than the internal diameter of its corresponding cavity, the effectual snubber block of having guaranteed is at the pressurized in-process, gas outgoing receives certain resistance, when the snubber block atress in the twinkling of an eye (when assaulting), the air can carry out certain compression in the twinkling of an eye at the gas compression intracavity, in the compression, also allow some air to discharge from the gas vent, thereby play splendid cushioning effect.

It is exactly the rubber snubber block that adopts special construction, with the cooperation of side direction bumper shock absorber, better buffering shock attenuation effect has been reached (center bumper shock absorber is soft on the contrary for the side direction bumper shock absorber, the vibrations of lathe loading board side direction are by fine restriction, and the amplitude of its vertical direction is provided by center bumper shock absorber and side direction bumper shock absorber jointly, the superimposed shock attenuation effect of three is greater than the shock attenuation effect of center bumper shock absorber, therefore, center bumper shock absorber should not be too hard, the buffering shock attenuation structural design among the prior art, all do not consider this point, when having guaranteed that the basis is fixed firm, good buffering shock attenuation performance has still had concurrently, not only vibrate for a short time, the noise is little, and reduced the influence of vibrations to work piece processing, more do benefit to finish machining production.

In an alternative embodiment, the position of the shock pad 3 corresponding to the shock pad is provided with a groove 26 for fixing the shock pad, the groove 26 not only can ensure that the shock pad does not move, but also can block the exhaust port due to the bottom of the groove, so that the resistance of gas exhaust is further increased, and it is emphasized that the larger the vibration generated during the operation of the lathe, the larger the impact (high speed and large load) on the shock pad, the tighter the combination of the shock pad and the shock pad (at the groove) at the moment of loading, that is, the larger the impact, the better the shock-absorbing capability of the shock pad (that is, the harder the shock pad).

The centre frame assembly comprises a mounting seat 14 arranged on the guide rail and two supporting frames 15 arranged on the mounting seat 4 at intervals. The middle of the support frame is provided with a circular workpiece hole 16, and the periphery of the workpiece hole 16 is uniformly provided with an adjusting mechanism. The adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting rod 17 in threaded connection with the support frame, a hemispherical stopper 18 is arranged at one end, facing the center of the support frame, of the adjusting rod 17, and a threaded hole for arranging the adjusting rod is formed in the support frame. Be equipped with in the hemisphere stopper and hold chamber 21, hold the intracavity 21 and be equipped with and hold chamber clearance fit's ball 27, be equipped with on the stopper and hold the oil filler point 23 of chamber intercommunication, installation oil filler point (common being the grease nipple) on the oil filler point, ball 27 salient is in the stopper surface of a side towards the support frame center.

When processing long and thin work piece, can fix long and thin work piece through support frame 15 clamping, place the work piece downthehole at the work piece earlier, then make the stopper can hold the work piece through adjusting the regulation pole, simultaneously with the ball on the stopper gently, evenly contact on the work piece, when work piece processing is rotatory like this, through the rotation of ball, the stopper can be at the location work piece that the work piece is also can be fine when rotatory, prevent that the work piece from taking place to remove, through holding intracavity filling lubricating oil, assurance ball that can be fine is holding the rotation that the intracavity can be smooth and easy, avoid ball fish tail work piece surface, hemispherical stopper holds the chamber simultaneously great, can deposit more lubricating oil, it is long when having improved the use of stopper greatly, lubricating oil injection frequency has been reduced, the work efficiency of lathe has been improved.

The position that stopper 18 corresponds ball 27 protrudingly is equipped with the shirt rim 22 that prevents the ball and drop, and shirt rim 22 is ring type structure, and the shirt rim can be fine the restriction live the ball, prevents that the ball from droing from the stopper owing to high-speed rotation, can also prevent simultaneously that the lubricating oil that holds the intracavity from spilling over, increases the live time of lubricating oil to practice thrift work piece processing cost. It should be noted that when the ball abuts against the skirt, there is a gap between the ball and the inner wall of the accommodating chamber (usually, the minimum distance between the ball and the inner wall of the accommodating chamber is only 2-5mm, since the ball is only slightly adjusted, it is not preferable that there is too large displacement variation) to ensure that the ball has a free adjustment amount.

In order to improve the leakproofness that holds the chamber, can set up the diaphragm 28 that the parcel lived the ball in the shirt rim inboard, this diaphragm separates lubricating oil and ball, thereby can not lead to lubricating oil from the seam between shirt rim and ball smooth, thereby can hold intracavity and keep certain pressure, support the ball on the shirt rim, when the work piece centre gripping is fixed or rotate, the ball can produce certain roll or flexible volume along with the situation (the ball can produce the roll after the year, also can produce micro-displacement to holding the intracavity, it holds a segment distance to be equivalent to "shrink" advance), in order to ensure the centre gripping work piece that can stabilize, and the adaptation scope is wide, even the work piece has certain size deviation also can be fine the formation fixed.

In an alternative embodiment, the support frame comprises a bottom bracket 20 and a top frame 19, wherein one end of the frame 19 is hinged with the bracket 20, and the other end is connected with the bracket through a bolt. The support is equipped with first arc portion, the support body is equipped with second arc portion, works as the support with when the support body folds, first arc portion with the relative fixed orifices that forms the work piece of second arc portion.

Two support frames correspond the setting, can be better prevent that slender axles from taking place to remove man-hour, can also be simultaneously through the bolted connection between disconnection support body and the support, very convenient getting is put slender axles, the work piece that processing was accomplished can also be placed temporarily on two support frames, make things convenient for the workman to inspect, so the removal of restriction work piece that two support frames not only can be better, the work piece after processing was accomplished can also directly be placed and detect on the support frame, and is very convenient.

The invention can effectively reduce the vibration of the machine tool during working, and can also effectively reduce the vibration of the machine tool in the horizontal and vertical directions through the multi-stage vibration absorption of the damping pad and the damper assembly, thereby improving the processing precision of workpieces; meanwhile, the support frame and the adjusting mechanism on the support frame can play a good role in positioning and supporting the machined workpiece, so that the long-shaft workpiece is prevented from moving during machining; the ball arranged on the limiter can rotate along with the workpiece when the workpiece is machined, so that the machining stability can be further improved; lubricating oil is filled into the limiting stopper, so that the continuous rotation of the ball can be ensured, the workpiece is prevented from being scratched by the ball, and the yield of the workpiece is improved; the horizontal machine tool is simple and convenient to operate, accurate and rapid in centering, capable of effectively improving machining precision, capable of guaranteeing that a long shaft is machined stably, free of shaking and jumping and capable of improving safety factors.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, so that any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like, which are within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be included in the scope of the present invention.

The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a high accuracy horizontal lathe which characterized in that: the vibration-damping device is arranged on the base, and the machine tool bearing plate is arranged on the vibration-damping device; the shock absorption device comprises shock absorption pads arranged at the tops of the bases and shock absorber assemblies arranged on the shock absorption pads, and at least four groups of the shock absorber assemblies are uniformly arranged; the machine tool loading plate is provided with a machine tool operating platform, a control box and a distribution box for supplying power to the control box, the upper end of the control box is provided with a fixing mechanism, and one end of the fixing mechanism is provided with a chuck; the machine tool operating table is provided with a guide rail, a tool rest and a tail frame, and the guide rail is provided with a center frame assembly; the shock absorber assembly comprises a central shock absorber which is vertically arranged and lateral shock absorbers which are correspondingly and obliquely arranged on two sides of the central shock absorber; the central shock absorber is a shock absorption block made of shock absorption rubber, a plurality of gas compression cavities for buffering shock are arranged inside the shock absorption block, the bottom of the shock absorption block is provided with gas outlets respectively communicated with the gas compression cavities, and one gas outlet is communicated with only one gas compression cavity; the center frame component comprises a mounting seat arranged on the guide rail and two supporting frames arranged on the mounting seat at intervals; the middle part of the support frame is provided with a circular workpiece hole, and the periphery of the workpiece hole is uniformly provided with an adjusting mechanism; the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting rod in threaded connection with the support frame, a hemispherical stopper is arranged at one end, facing the center of the support frame, of the adjusting rod, and a threaded hole for arranging the adjusting rod is formed in the support frame; an accommodating cavity is formed in the hemispherical stopper, a ball in clearance fit with the accommodating cavity is arranged in the accommodating cavity, an oil filling hole communicated with the accommodating cavity is formed in the stopper, and the ball protrudes out of the surface of one side of the stopper, which faces the center of the support frame; the position on the shock pad corresponding to the shock absorption block is provided with a groove for fixing the shock absorption block.

2. A high precision horizontal lathe according to claim 1, wherein: the position of the limiting stopper corresponding to the protruding position of the ball is provided with an annular skirt edge for preventing the ball from falling.