CN109525110A - A kind of power circuit and the photovoltaic generating system comprising the power circuit - Google Patents
A kind of power circuit and the photovoltaic generating system comprising the power circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN109525110A CN109525110A CN201811533299.1A CN201811533299A CN109525110A CN 109525110 A CN109525110 A CN 109525110A CN 201811533299 A CN201811533299 A CN 201811533299A CN 109525110 A CN109525110 A CN 109525110A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H02J3/383—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/338—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement
- H02M3/3382—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement in a push-pull circuit arrangement
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of power circuit and include the photovoltaic generating system of the power circuit, power circuit is two-stage topology power circuit, the first order is BOOST circuit, it is the DC voltage that output voltage declines at any time by the low-voltage direct electric treatment of input, the second level is CCFL translation circuit, since CCFL translation circuit is open loop work, the peak-to-peak value of its sinusoidal ac exported is proportional to the operating voltage of CCFL translation circuit, this voltage declines at any time, that is the sinusoidal ac peak-to-peak value of CCFL translation circuit output also declines at any time, so, the virtual value of sinusoidal ac also declines at any time, obtain the simple alternating current piezoelectric voltage of a decaying.The photovoltaic group string both ends being activated are acted on, so that the voltage waveform Δ U/ Δ t of power circuit output is small, so that the photovoltaic group string service life is extended, and power circuit small to the radiation of environment and of the invention is realized simply, low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the power circuits for photovoltaic generating system, in particular to activate to the photovoltaic group string of aging
The power circuit of processing.
Background technique
As the exhaustion of fossil energy is expected with its bring environmental pollution, the research of renewable and clean energy resource and using quilt
World community is paid much attention to, and wherein wind-power electricity generation and photovoltaic power generation technology become main research hotspot, and photovoltaic power generation is the sun
The abbreviation that can be generated electricity.The R and D of China's photovoltaic power generation are started in the 1970s, when the nineties enters stable development
Phase, 21 century start to focus on the research of solar energy power generating, and 2000, the photovoltaic technology in China was stepped on a large scale simultaneously
Net power generating stage.
In field of photovoltaic power generation, SunPower company, the U.S. finds for the first time and proposes PID effect, full name in English within 2005
Are as follows: Potential Induced Degradation, i.e. potential induction attenuation.SunPower has found to propose when PID effect: light
Higher system voltage (U.S. is the 600V of representative, and Europe is the 1000V of representative) can be formed after volt component series connection, component is long-term
In high voltage operation, there are leakage current between cover-plate glass, encapsulating material, frame, a large amount of accumulations on cell piece surface,
So that the passivation effect on cell piece surface deteriorates, lead to fill factor (FF), short circuit current (Isc), open-circuit voltage (Voc) drop
It is low, make assembly property lower than design standard.This phenomenon of SunPower is referred to as Surface Polarization effect, but this decaying is reversible.From
This, the engineers and technicians of photovoltaic circle begin to focus on the research and discussion of PID.
Start within 2012, assembly quality problem caused by PID largely occurs in photovoltaic plant, thus PID phenomenon enters into
The public visual field.December in the same year, U.S. independent photovoltaic module testing laboratory PV Evolution Labs (PVEL) take the lead in five
International level-one module manufacturer has carried out PID test, and above-mentioned enterprise includes Chinese English benefit green energy resource, brilliant Australia solar energy, day conjunction
Luminous energy, Kyocera and Germany Solarworld.
Hereafter, more and more photovoltaic module manufacturers enhance the attention to PID, by the second quarter in 2015, Japan
Panasonic, Aunar this, Jin Neng, sunlight brightness sunlight, Han Hua, mainstream photovoltaic manufacturer successively announces that its component is logical both at home and abroad for middle Sheng photoelectricity etc.
Third party PID test is crossed.
According to the introduction of third party testing agency, PID refers to forming high-intensitive negative voltage when solar components and ground,
Potential difference is formed by other than it will lead to solar battery or mould group damages, can also cause what generating efficiency decayed to ask
Topic.
PID can influence the generating capacity and gross output of whole system, and serious person will directly reduce photovoltaic plant investment
Earning rate has become one of the pain spot that International traders complain domestic assembly quality in recent years.
The prior art slows down or avoids the method for PID effect mainly as follows:
1, component is grounded
It, can be the negative electricity of above-mentioned accumulation if applying back bias voltage (cell piece voltage with respect to frame be negative value) to component
Lotus is discharged on ground, and battery performance is restored, and here it is the recoverable polarity effects of battery performance.
Based on above-mentioned analysis, when component is used in series, in order to avoid polarity effect, before SunPower proposes N-type
The component of surface solar cell takes plus earth, and the component of p-type front surface battery is grounded using cathode.
2, enhance the insulation and waterproof performance of component, reduce leakage current
For example, by using the better encapsulating material of stability, metal edge frame is not used, increases the bulk resistor of battery, is improved blunt
Change the thickness and characteristic of film, increases barrier layer etc. in the devices.
3, prevent the source of ion generation
Using quartz glass, low soda-lime glass etc..
4, reduction group string voltage
Small-scale project is contemplated that using Miniature inverter, reduction group string voltage.This is also that Tesla (CS) Koncern, Podebradska 186, Praha 9, Czechoslovakia advocates with family
The reason of front yard is the microgrid photovoltaic system of unit.
In addition, disclosing a kind of photovoltaic generating system in the Chinese invention patent application of Publication No. CN107086601A
And voltage compensating method, the patent application carry out voltage benefit to photovoltaic group string by the pulse voltage that voltage compensating device exports
It repays, and then restores adverse effect caused by PID effect, but since there is no concrete implementation modes for voltage compensating device, only
It is to propose its function as voltage pulse output, the pulse voltage provided in specific embodiment includes square wave, triangular wave and ladder
Three kinds of forms of shape wave, the essence and Fig. 5 C of Fig. 5 A is identical, this is because in fig. 5, t1 and t2 be respectively rising edge and
Failing edge, it is impossible to accomplish to idealize, raising and lowering all has a bit of time, and this is exactly small shown in Fig. 5 C
Waveform.These three pulse voltage Δ U/ Δ t change very greatly, will lead to photovoltaic group string removing cracking, the lost of life；And the arteries and veins
It rushes voltage and directly acts on photovoltaic group string, since photovoltaic group string is difficult to realize be electromagnetically shielded, so that its electromagnetic radiation to environment
It is very big.It is well known that harmonic wave is extremely more such as Fig. 5 A, although photovoltaic facility is mounted on desolate and uninhabited barren land more,
Electromagnetic radiation is very big, by the ionospheric reflection in atmosphere, still causes great electromagnetic environmental pollution.And obtain this three
The cost of kind waveform is not low.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of power circuit and including the light of the power circuit
The Δ U/ Δ t variation of photovoltaic generating system, power circuit output voltage is small, so that using the photovoltaic power generation system of the power circuit
System small pollution of the environment.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of power circuit is applied to photovoltaic generating system, it is characterised in that: including BOOST circuit and CCFL transformation electricity
Road；The positive input terminal of BOOST circuit is the positive input terminal of power circuit, and the negative input end of BOOST circuit is the negative of power circuit
Input terminal；The positive input terminal of the positive output end connection CCFL translation circuit of BOOST circuit, the negative output terminal connection of BOOST circuit
The negative input end of CCFL translation circuit；First output end of CCFL translation circuit is the first output end of power circuit, and CCFL becomes
The second output terminal for changing circuit is the second output terminal of power circuit, is exported between BOOST circuit positive output end and negative output terminal
Voltage include at least primary decline during the work time.
A kind of specific embodiment as BOOST circuit and CCFL translation circuit, it is characterised in that:
BOOST circuit includes at least metal-oxide-semiconductor K1, diode D1, inductance L1 and capacitor C1；One end of inductance L1 is BOOST
The positive input terminal of circuit, the anode of the other end connection diode D1 of inductance L1, the cathode of diode D1 connect BOOST electricity simultaneously
The positive output end on road and one end of capacitor C1, the other end of capacitor C1 connect the negative input end and negative output of BOOST circuit simultaneously
End, the anode of the drain electrode connection diode D1 of metal-oxide-semiconductor K1, the negative input end of the source electrode connection BOOST circuit of metal-oxide-semiconductor K1；
CCFL translation circuit includes at least start-up circuit, inductance L2, capacitor C3, triode TR1, triode TR2, transformer
B, primary side winding NP1And NP2, feedback winding NB1And NB2And vice-side winding NS1, start-up circuit include at least two terminals, open
Dynamic input terminal and starting output end；Start the positive output end of input terminal connection BOOST circuit or the positive input terminal of power circuit, opens
Dynamic output end connects feedback winding NB1And NB2Centre cap；The emitter of triode TR1 and TR2 are connected to BOOST circuit
Negative output terminal, collector is separately connected primary side winding NP1And NP2Two ends, collector is also respectively connected with the two of capacitor C3
End, base stage are separately connected feedback winding NB1And NB2Two ends；Primary side winding NP1And NP2Centre cap connected by inductance L2
Connect the positive output end of BOOST circuit；Vice-side winding NS1One end be CCFL translation circuit the first output end, vice-side winding NS1
The other end be CCFL translation circuit second output terminal.
A kind of specific embodiment as above-mentioned start-up circuit, it is characterised in that: mentioned in start-up circuit including electric current
For device, it is resistance that electric current, which provides device, or is constant-current source device.
A kind of improved embodiment as above-mentioned start-up circuit, it is characterised in that: further include capacitor in start-up circuit
C2, capacitor C2 and electric current provide that device is in parallel or capacitor C2 be connected to start output end and BOOST circuit negative output terminal it
Between.
A kind of preferred embodiment as above-mentioned power circuit, it is characterised in that: CCFL translation circuit drives for it.
Accordingly, photovoltaic generating system technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of photovoltaic generating system, including photovoltaic group string, it is characterised in that further include: power supply electricity described in any of the above embodiments
Road, the hot end of photovoltaic group string electrically connect the first output end of power circuit, and the ground terminal of photovoltaic group string electrically connects power circuit
Second output terminal, when being activated to photovoltaic group string, the voltage that is exported between BOOST circuit positive output end and negative output terminal with
Time decline.
Improvement as above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system, it is characterised in that: it further include DC power supply, DC power supply and described
Power circuit series connection, series connection method are one of following two:
(1) second output terminal of the negative electricity joining power circuit of DC power supply, the first output end Electricity Federation of power circuit
The anode of photovoltaic group string is connect, the cathode of photovoltaic group string electrically connects the anode of DC power supply；
(2) cathode of DC power supply electrically connects the anode of photovoltaic group string, the negative electricity joining power circuit of photovoltaic group string
Second output terminal, the first output end of power circuit electrically connect the anode of DC power supply.
One of improvement as above two photovoltaic generating system, it is characterised in that: the high frequency of CCFL translation circuit output
Alternating current peak value is not more than the open-circuit voltage for the photovoltaic group string being activated.
Two of improvement as above two photovoltaic generating system, it is characterised in that: CCFL translation circuit in power circuit
Working frequency be less than or equal to 1MHz.
For this application involves technical term, the application and the prior art may be there are many names, in following item
The meaning that technical term indicates is identical, and enumerated content is not exhaustive in each item:
(1) solar panel, many documents are in parallel the solar panels of multiple monomers, are also solar energy after series connection
Solar panel, or it is photovoltaic group string, or even be photovoltaic board group；
(2) hot end of photovoltaic group string, because the hobby of different manufacturers is bad, some has the plus earth of photovoltaic group string
The cathode of photovoltaic group string is grounded, hot end refers to the one end not being grounded because not being grounded, be easy to generate electric shock to human body,
Therefore one end that referred to as hot end, generally also solar panel need to be activated, it may be possible to the positive or negative pole of photovoltaic group string；
(3) the grounded metal frame of the ground terminal of photovoltaic group string, photovoltaic group string；It is such as above-mentioned, it may be possible to the cathode of photovoltaic group string,
It could also be possible that positive；
(4) collector mode of resonance Royer circuit, or it is " cold cathode tube inverter (CCFL inverter) ", so also can
Referred to as CCFL inverter, CCFL converter, CCFL translation circuit.CCFL is " Cold cathode fluorescent
The abbreviation of lamps ", original refer to cold cathode fluorescent lamp, before white light LEDs do not occur, are chiefly used in the backlight of liquid crystal display,
Since pervious liquid crystal display is chiefly used in laptop, so backlight is direct current supply, a kind of at this moment mutation
Royer circuit just comes out, and direct current is become pure exchange, drives cold cathode fluorescent lamp.Classical Royer circuit utilizes magnetic
Heart saturated characteristic is vibrated, and exporting has in detail for square wave referring to China application No. is 201110436259.7 patent document
Explanation.The characteristics of CCFL translation circuit is: push-pull transformer armature winding centre tap to feeder ear seals in Royer circuit
Inductance, the inductance are in the industry cycle commonly referred to as damping circuit LLC(the inductance L2 in corresponding the application Fig. 1), inductance is usually original
Ten times or more of side winding inductance amount, at the same between two collectors for recommending triode and a upper capacitor CL (it is corresponding this
Apply for the capacitor C3 in Fig. 1), the capacitor and push-pull transformer form a well known LC oscillation circuit, and wherein capacitor is CL, L
It is the total inductance amount of push-pull transformer armature winding.Push-pull transformer total inductance amount is the inductance electricity of wherein primary side winding 1 or 2
4 times of sensibility reciprocal.Output is sine wave or approximate sine wave.It, can be to environments with Electro-Magnetic dirt because Resonance Wave Composition is more if exporting square wave
Dye.CCFL translation circuit is in patent document of the China application No. is 201110242377.4, Fig. 3 and corresponding back in this document
Scape technology, which also has, to be relatively described in detail.
For following technical term, the meaning that the application indicates is as follows:
(1) triode is recommended: two three for realizing Royer circuit and the self-oscillation of CCFL translation circuit and steady operation
Pole pipe, generally two triodes also referred to as recommend triode, usually bipolar semiconductor also referred to as to pipe, certainly,
It can be unipolar field-effect tube；
(2) start-up circuit: in CCFL translation circuit recommend triode or field-effect tube provides starting current or voltage,
Realize the circuit of CCFL translation circuit quick start or soft start.
The working principle of the invention will be analyzed in a particular embodiment, and this will not be repeated here.
Power circuit of the invention has the beneficial effect that
(1) the voltage waveform Δ U/ Δ t of power circuit output is small, so that using the photovoltaic power generation system of the power circuit
The photovoltaic group string lost of life in system is long and small to the radiation of environment.
(2) circuit is realized simple, low in cost, and high reliablity, low energy consumption.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is first embodiment of the invention power circuit principle figure；
Fig. 2 is the voltage waveform exported when the CCFL translation circuit in first embodiment of the invention power circuit works independently
Figure；
Fig. 3-1 be first embodiment of the invention in BOOST circuit, CCFL translation circuit output voltage oscillogram it
One；
Fig. 3-2 is the two of the voltage oscillogram of the BOOST circuit output in first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3-3 is the three of the voltage oscillogram of the BOOST circuit output in first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3-4 is the four of the voltage oscillogram of the BOOST circuit output in first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is that second embodiment of the invention power circuit is applied to the improved schematic diagram of photovoltaic generating system；
Fig. 5 is third embodiment of the invention power circuit principle figure.
Specific embodiment
The work of photovoltaic generating system is mainly in the daytime for having good sunlight, the note when local solar elevation reaches maximum
For 12 o'clock sharp of local time, in local time 10:00 to the section 14:00, photovoltaic generating system can effectively export electric energy, local
Before time 10:00 or after 14:00, generated output is poly- to be subtracted, without practical value.The output characteristics of photovoltaic group string is not constant pressure
Source, but the characteristic of most of similar constant-current source, it is generally as defeated using maximum power as possible in order to obtain bigger output power
Principle out, the end voltage for allowing it to export are higher as much as possible under the premise of guaranteeing system effectiveness.Photovoltaic group string both ends it is defeated
Voltage curve is that faster increase in the morning out, because load is almost zero load, when generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, is fallen before because band carries, in
Noon illumination reaches maximum value when strongest, then slowly decline, when to local time 14:00 or so off-grid, because of load reduction,
Voltage is again raised to the open-circuit voltage under corresponding illumination, then declines as time goes by, to being close to zero at night, if it is
Rainy days, then whole day is in the low-pressure state being close to zero to the voltage of photovoltaic group string, and the power circuit of the application is mainly suitable for
The voltage at photovoltaic group string both ends activates it when being low pressure.
Of the invention being contemplated that provides a kind of two-stage topology power circuit, and the first order is BOOST circuit, by the low pressure of input
Direct current treatment is the DC voltage that output voltage declines at any time, and the second level is CCFL translation circuit, at any time by input
The DC voltage conversion of decline is sinusoidal ac output, and since CCFL translation circuit is open loop work, the sinusoidal of output is handed over
The peak-to-peak value of galvanic electricity is proportional to the operating voltage of CCFL translation circuit, this voltage declines at any time, i.e. CCFL translation circuit
The sinusoidal ac peak-to-peak value of output also declines at any time, then, the virtual value of sinusoidal ac also declines at any time,
Obtain the simple alternating current piezoelectric voltage of a decaying.The photovoltaic group string both ends being activated are acted on, so that the electricity of power circuit output
Corrugating Δ U/ Δ t is small, and since sine wave is single-frequency, harmonic components are few, and aerial radiation is also few, very friendly to environment, from
And the photovoltaic group string service life in the photovoltaic generating system using the power circuit is extended, and small to the radiation of environment,
And power circuit of the invention is realized simply, low in cost.
The first order topology of the application is BOOST circuit, when the voltage of power circuit input is that (such as 24V, 48V store low pressure
Battery) Shi Shihe the application technical solution, if the voltage of power circuit input is high pressure (as by photovoltaic generating system
The voltage that provides of energy storage lead-acid battery group may be up to 600V), the first order topology of the application is needed using BUCK circuit at this time.
In order to enable those skilled in the art present invention easier to understand, below with reference to specific embodiment to this
Invention is illustrated.
First embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is first embodiment of the invention power circuit principle figure.Its component composition and connection relationship
It is as follows:
Power circuit shown in Fig. 1 includes BOOST circuit and CCFL translation circuit；
BOOST circuit includes metal-oxide-semiconductor K1, diode D1, inductance L1 and capacitor C1；
CCFL oscillating circuit includes start-up circuit, capacitor C3, the inductance L2, triode being made of resistance R1 and capacitor C2
TR1, triode TR2, transformer B, primary side winding NP1 and NP2, feedback winding NB1 and NB2 and vice-side winding NS1, starting
Circuit includes at least two terminals, and one end of resistance R1 is starting input terminal, one end of the other end and capacitor C2 of resistance R2
Tie point is starting output end, and it is resistance that the present embodiment, which provides the device of starting current for two generator triodes TR1 and TR2,
R1；
The positive input terminal of BOOST circuit is the positive input terminal of power circuit, and the negative input end of BOOST circuit is power circuit
Negative input end, the positive output end of CCFL oscillating circuit is the positive output end of power circuit, the negative output terminal of CCFL oscillating circuit
For the negative output terminal of power circuit；
Positive input terminal of the one end of inductance L1 for BOOST circuit, the anode of the other end connection diode D1 of inductance L1, two
The cathode of pole pipe D1 connects the positive output end of BOOST circuit and one end of capacitor C1 simultaneously, and the other end of capacitor C1 connects simultaneously
The negative input end and negative output terminal of BOOST circuit, the anode of the drain electrode connection diode D1 of metal-oxide-semiconductor K1, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor K1 connect
Connect the negative input end of BOOST circuit；
Start the positive output end of input terminal connection BOOST circuit, starting output end connects in feedback winding NB1 and NB2
Heart tap, the negative output terminal of the other end connection BOOST circuit of capacitor C2；The emitter of triode TR1 and TR2 are connected to
The negative output terminal of BOOST circuit, collector are separately connected two ends of primary side winding NP1 and NP2, and base stage is separately connected feedback
Two ends of winding NB1 and NB2；Primary side winding NP1 is connecting BOOST circuit just by inductance L2 with the centre cap of NP2
Output end；One end of vice-side winding NS1 is the positive output end of CCFL oscillating circuit, and the other end of vice-side winding NS1 is CCFL vibration
Swing the negative output terminal of circuit；Capacitor C3 is connected between two ends of primary side winding NP1 and NP2.
Since the output of CCFL translation circuit is alternating current, the first output end of power circuit of the present invention and second defeated
Outlet can exchange.
The power circuit first order circuit of the present embodiment uses BOOST circuit, and BOOST circuit is the big topology of Switching Power Supply three
One of (BUCK, BOOST, BUCK-BOOST), various other switching power supply structures are evolved from this three big topology, electricity
Line structure is extremely simple, low in cost, the formula of output voltage Vout, input voltage vin and duty ratio D are as follows:
Vout=Vin/ (1-D) formula (1)
Wherein, duty ratio is metal-oxide-semiconductor K1 service time relative to ratio shared by total time.
In order to overcome the defect of prior art pulse voltage, the application carries out the voltage of activation application to photovoltaic group string to hand over
Galvanic electricity, and the acquisition of alternating current is extremely complex, if directly obtained using Switching Power Supply, the wave edges of output voltage are very
Precipitous, the voltage waveform exported such as self-excited push-pull type transducer is square wave, and Δ U/ Δ t is approach infinity, therefore is equally deposited
Defect described in background technique.According to the mode of digital-code type audio-frequency power amplifier, Switching Power Supply mode is plus output filter
Wave device, cost and control circuit are very complicated.
The second level circuit of the present embodiment uses CCFL translation circuit, and is in view of the wavelength of the high-frequency alternating current of 1MHz
30 meters, corresponding dipole antenna length is its 1/4 wavelength, is 7.5 meters, i.e., the high frequency of power circuit output of the present invention is handed over
Galvanic electricity, in 1MHz hereinafter, so its radiation is just easier to control, the high-frequency ac electric frequency of such as output is frequency
100KHz, 1/4 wavelength are 75 meters, and for being far below 75 meters of cabling, radiation efficiency is very low, therefore the present embodiment requires CCFL
Translation circuit works in opposite " low frequency " below lower than 1MHz, is still referred to as high-frequency alternating current or sinusoidal ac in text.
CCFL translation circuit is one kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer, realizes the working principle of sine output voltage waveform
It is analyzed as follows:
It is CCFL translation circuit referring to the circuit in Fig. 1 on the right side of capacitor C1, CCFL translation circuit becomes compared with self-excitation push-pull type
Parallel operation is the difference is that increase capacitor C3 and inductance L2；The oscillation principle of circuit is similar with self-excited push-pull type transducer,
But CCFL translation circuit does not carry out push-pull oscillator using magnetic core saturated characteristic, utilizes capacitor C3's and coupling transformer B
Winding NP1And NP2Total inductance carry out LC oscillation circuit, it is no longer square wave that the output waveform of circuit, which is sine wave, therein
The effect of inductance L2 are as follows: 1, a biggish exchange input impedance is provided for transformer, 2, ensure to export perfect sine wave,
Referring to fig. 2, Fig. 2 is simultaneously imperfect for the voltage waveform that CCFL translation circuit exports when working independently, here only as an example, further
L2 is increased, at this moment the waveform distortion THD of Fig. 2 can have practicability less than 10%.Choosing value of the oscillation of this form to device
It is required that very tight.The waveform distortion THD of Fig. 2 is smaller, and power circuit energy consumption of the invention is lower.
The characteristics of CCFL translation circuit are as follows: vibrated using LC series resonant tank, frequency is relatively stable, exports as sine wave
Or approximate sine wave, efficiency is lower, therefore is also required to seal in inductance L2 in current supply circuit and improve efficiency.
Inductance the present invention claims inductance L2 is winding NP1Or NP210 times or more of inductance, at this time inductance L2 and electricity
What appearance C2 vibrated out is only more perfect sine wave.
The end voltage of capacitor C1, the as output voltage of BOOST circuit, the present invention claims to photovoltaic group string activate when,
This voltage declines at any time, and there are many kinds of the modes of decline, is all the duty ratio by metal-oxide-semiconductor K1 in control BOOST circuit
Come what is realized, a high pressure first such as is risen to from low pressure, then drop to a stationary value from high pressure, stablizes and increase again for a period of time,
Decline again, but at all events plant decline mode, at least should include that primary voltage declines, it may be assumed that the output voltage of BOOST circuit is extremely
A rare period is decline.When power circuit power-off of the invention, shutdown, the output voltage of BOOST circuit also can
Occur declining naturally because of caused by power-off, " at least one period be decline " of the present invention do not include it is this from
So decline.
Since the operating voltage of CCFL translation circuit is the end voltage of capacitor C1, CCFL translation circuit exports high frequency
The positive half cycle peak value of alternating current links up the envelope to be formed, and the shape of the envelope would be similar to the end voltage change of C1, together
The negative half period peak value of sample, CCFL translation circuit output high-frequency alternating current links up the envelope to be formed, to X-axis mirror in common coordinate
The shape of envelope as after would be similar to the end voltage change of C1.
Fig. 3-1 is one of first embodiment of the invention BOOST circuit, the voltage oscillogram of CCFL translation circuit output, electricity
The voltage waveform such as the straight line S1 in Fig. 3-1 for holding the both ends C1 are the decline mode of linear decline, and CCFL translation circuit exports at this time
Voltage waveform referring to curve S2, for the high-frequency alternating current gradually decayed, straight line S3 is curve S2 in the envelope, straight of positive half cycle
Line S4 is curve S2 in the envelope of negative half period, and straight line S3 and straight line S4 are along X-axis mirror symmetry.
Fig. 3-2 be first embodiment of the invention BOOST circuit output voltage oscillogram two, broken line S5 be it is first stable
One fixed value, then linear attenuation again, this waveform include primary voltage decline；Fig. 3-3 is first embodiment of the invention BOOST
The three of the voltage oscillogram of circuit output, broken line S6 are first to rise to the first high-voltage value from low-pressure linear, are stable at first high pressure
The second high-voltage value is linearly risen to after value a period of time again, linear decline is to first high after being stable at second high-voltage value for a period of time
Pressure value, then linear attenuation again, this waveform decline including voltage twice；Fig. 3-4 is that first embodiment of the invention BOOST circuit is defeated
The four of voltage oscillogram out, broken line S7 be it is first stable in a fixed value, then linear attenuation is stablized to the first voltage value again
In the first voltage value for a period of time after linear attenuation again, the waveform include voltage twice decline.
It should be noted that Fig. 3-1 to Fig. 3-4 has been merely given as showing for the voltage oscillogram of some BOOST circuit outputs
Example, as long as the application includes at least primary voltage, decline can be realized goal of the invention, and decline mode be not limited to it is linear in figure
Decline damped manner, can also be other decline damped manners such as index, logarithm, goal of the invention equally may be implemented, it is specific real
The output voltage waveforms of BOOST circuit needs can be realized in the control strategy for adjusting metal-oxide-semiconductor K1 when applying as needed.
Application scheme of the power circuit of the present embodiment in photovoltaic generating system is as follows:
The hot end of photovoltaic group string electrically connects the first output end of power circuit, and the ground terminal of photovoltaic group string electrically connects power supply electricity
The second output terminal on road.
It should be noted that cathode is hot end when the plus earth of photovoltaic group string；When photovoltaic group string cathode is grounded
When, just extremely hot end, two kinds of connections are able to achieve the activation to photovoltaic group string.
The meaning that " electrically connecting " represents further includes being indirectly connected with that (i.e. two electrically connect between object also in addition to directly coupling
Can connect other components), and including realizing connection by the modes such as inductively.
The application second embodiment is exactly to be indirectly connected with, and situation as described below is also to be indirectly connected with:
When the both ends of photovoltaic group string are parallel with the electrolytic capacitor group stabilized the output voltage, in order to avoid electrolytic capacitor
The high-frequency ac electric absorption that group exports power circuit of the present invention just needs at this time to cannot achieve the activation to photovoltaic group string
Will connect an inductance between the hot end and the tie point that connect with electrolytic capacitor group of photovoltaic group string, so that being added in electrolysis electricity
The high-frequency alternating current at container group both ends because the buffer action of inductance so as to be applied to the both ends of photovoltaic group string, thus real
The now activation to photovoltaic group string in such cases.The hot end of photovoltaic group string is just not directly connected to the first of power circuit at this time
Output end, but still fall within the protection scope of the application.
The application recommends to carry out at night to the activation that photovoltaic group string carries out, primary every activation in several days, required for activation
Time is related to the degree of aging of photovoltaic group string, and degree of aging is higher, and the time needed is longer, in order to reach preferable activation effect
Fruit, the slower the voltage decline of BOOST circuit output the better in power circuit, and accumulative fall time is greater than or equal to 20 points
Clock.
In order to test the effect of activation circuit, we purchases the photovoltaic of a set of nominal output power only 2KW from Taobao
Generating equipment has used 4 years, is originally matched for the backward rural area in western part, surveys under the fair weather of Guangzhou, practical defeated
Power is only 726W out, and open-circuit voltage 391V, power circuit parameter of the invention is that operating voltage 24V is directed to two
The 12V battery of a 100AH is connected, and after BOOST circuit, is exported as 319V, was dropped to 36V, working frequency through 20 minutes
For 11KHz, next day generated output rises to 1009W, and that night activates 20 minutes again, and third day generated output rises to 1202W,
It is activated by 16 times, 1996W is risen to, close to nominal output power.Achieve preferable effect.
Accumulative fall time: being directed to Fig. 3-1 power circuit working time all accumulative fall time, for Fig. 3-2 electricity
The working time of source circuit second segment in broken line is accumulative fall time, for Fig. 3-3 power circuit the 5th section in broken line
Be accumulative fall time with the sum of the 7th section of working time, for Fig. 3-3 power circuit in broken line second segment and the 4th section
The sum of working time be accumulative fall time.
Further, since be equivalent to a constant-current source inside photovoltaic group string, a most basic unit, inside have a PN
Junction diode, diode cannot be connected when photovoltaic group string normally activates, and CCFL translation circuit otherwise can be burnt because of short circuit current,
Even if being protected by current-limiting circuit by cleverly designing, wasting electric energy.In order to ensure the safety of photovoltaic group string, originally
The open-circuit voltage for requiring the peak value of CCFL translation circuit output high-frequency alternating current that should be not more than the photovoltaic group string being activated is invented,
To could effectively avoid the diode current flow inside photovoltaic group string.In addition, frequency is higher, the effect of activation is also better, but because
Certain capacitive is presented for photovoltaic group string, can also consume excessive electric energy, so being directed to the photovoltaic group string of different capacity, should select
The frequency of different high-frequency alternating currents, in general, monomer area is bigger, and output power is also bigger, and junction capacity is also higher,
Frequency should be lower, even as low as 800Hz, and at this moment the present invention is lower for the power circuit energy consumption of activation, and frequency reduces again, needs
Activation time will lengthen, increase power consumption again instead.
For example, if concatenated single battery, i.e. basic unit, single battery number are 24 (photovoltaic group strings in photovoltaic group string
Concatenated single battery minimum number requires to be 24, and the open-circuit voltage of acquisition is about 14.4V to 16.8V), due to photovoltaic group string
Electrology characteristic is also in compliance with PN junction equation, and the pressure drop of diode is 0.7V, then the open-circuit voltage at photovoltaic group string both ends is up to
0.7V × 27=16.8V, then the peak value outline of CCFL translation circuit output high-frequency alternating current just can guarantee photovoltaic lower than 16.8V
The safety of group string.For another example for the photovoltaic group string (being composed in series inside it by 1008 basic units) of U.S. 600V, activation
Voltage requires to be slightly below 600V.
Since capacitive is presented in photovoltaic group string in activation, and this junction capacity is finally equivalent are as follows: and it is in parallel with capacitor C3, and
CCFL converter is resonant state of the work in sine wave, the circuit LC can the junction capacity energy absorption of photovoltaic group string, from
And realize low energy consumption, especially CCFL converter is abandoned using self-excitation push-pull oscillator working method, but it is used to drive, and allows three poles
Pipe TR1 or TR2 are just connected when sine wave is close to peak value, and conversion efficiency is higher.
It drives, and also makees him and drives.It should be noted that CCFL converter uses self-excitation push-pull oscillator working method, pass through tune
The turn ratio for saving feedback winding and primary side winding, be equally may be implemented triode TR1 or TR2 all when sine wave is close to peak value
Conducting, conversion efficiency is equally very high, in order to prevent CCFL converter failure of oscillation when BOOST circuit output voltage is lower, starting
The upper end of resistance R1 in circuit, the i.e. positive input terminal of starting input terminal connection power circuit, the resistance value of such resistance R1 can take
A little bit smaller, and electric current constant current in resistance R1, such CCFL circuit would not failure of oscillation, and when resistance R1 changes constant-current source into,
It can connect the positive output end of BOOST circuit, then, as described above, when operating voltage drops to 36V from 319V, due to perseverance
Stream source is not reduced to the base current that triode TR1 or TR2 are provided, so that CCFL converter will not failure of oscillation.This is in third reality
Applying in example can show.
It should be noted that in the prior art, the color TV of traditional glass kinescope scanned using electron gun
Receiver has used attenuation type sinusoidal ac to kinescope demagnetization, and working principle is very simple, uses PTC thermistor string
It is associated in anti-magnetized coil, over time, the resistance value of PTC thermistor rises to 220K or more from 10 ohms, disappears
Magnetoelectricity stream also pacify from more than ten drop to 1mA again hereinafter, but this technology cannot be used directly for the activation of photovoltaic group string, because of photovoltaic
Capacitive is presented in group string, and can not connect PTC thermistor.And photovoltaic group string need activation time it is long, PTC thermistor also without
Method type selecting.
Second embodiment
Fig. 4 is that second embodiment of the invention power circuit is applied to the improved schematic diagram of photovoltaic generating system, due to light
The equivalent diode for having a series connection with it inside volt group string, therefore in order to improve activation effect, in the output end of power circuit
Connect one group of DC power supply E, namely the one group of DC power supply E that connects with photovoltaic group string, and series connection method is one of following two:
(1) second output terminal of the negative electricity joining power circuit of DC power supply, the first output end Electricity Federation of power circuit
The anode of photovoltaic group string is connect, the cathode of photovoltaic group string electrically connects the anode of DC power supply；
(2) cathode of DC power supply electrically connects the anode of photovoltaic group string, the negative electricity joining power circuit of photovoltaic group string
Second output terminal, the first output end of power circuit electrically connect the anode of DC power supply.
The present embodiment has also used " electrically connecting " to describe connection relationship, and similarly, the meaning that " electrically connecting " represents is in addition to direct
Connection further includes being indirectly connected with (i.e. two electrically connect other components can also be connected between object), and including passing through
Inductively etc. modes realize connection, this in first embodiment it is stated that.
The activation voltage obtained between hot end and ground terminal so as to make photovoltaic group string is that positive half cycle is small, negative partly with big
Alternating voltage waveform, the diode that positive half cycle is small when can guarantee activation inside photovoltaic group string is not turned on, and negative half period negative pressure is very high
Better activation effect can be obtained.
3rd embodiment
Fig. 5 is third embodiment of the invention power circuit principle figure, and what 3rd embodiment was different from the first embodiment is in
In resistance R1 is replaced with constant-current source, current direction is consistent, so that CCFL translation circuit is able to achieve in input voltage decline, by
In the presence of constant-current source, to two recommend the electric current that triode TR1 and TR2 base stage provides be it is invariable so that electric
The input voltage of source circuit can be wider, as described above, when operating voltage drops to 36V from 319V, since constant-current source is to three
The base current that pole pipe TR1 or TR2 are provided does not reduce, so that CCFL converter will not failure of oscillation.So as to the wide model of photovoltaic group string
The end voltage enclosed is adapted.The working principle of the present embodiment and its in photovoltaic generating system be applied to first embodiment phase
Together, this will not be repeated here.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair
Limitation of the invention.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, also
Several improvements and modifications can be made, such as another one end for terminating to resistance R1 of the capacitor C2 in Fig. 1, or are guaranteeing CCFL
Circuit is that the self-powered in Fig. 1 is changed to it under conditions of open loop works to drive, and can also detect the output voltage of CCFL translation circuit
The duty ratio of control BOOST circuit is gone, these modifications and embellishments should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention, here no longer with implementation
Example repeats, and protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope defined by the claims..In addition, what is be related in patent is all
" electrically connecting " and " connection " relationship not singly refers to that component directly connects, and addition can be passed through according to specific implementation situation by referring to
Couple auxiliary, Lai Zucheng more preferably coupling structure are clearly intended merely to emphasize this meaning with the place of " electrically connecting " in the present invention,
But the place that use " connection " is not precluded also has such meaning.Each technical characteristic in the invention, not mutual
It can be with combination of interactions under the premise of contradiction.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of power circuit is applied to photovoltaic generating system, it is characterised in that: including BOOST circuit and CCFL translation circuit；
The positive input terminal of BOOST circuit is the positive input terminal of power circuit, and the negative input end of BOOST circuit is the negative input of power circuit
End；The positive input terminal of the positive output end connection CCFL translation circuit of BOOST circuit, the negative output terminal of BOOST circuit connect CCFL
The negative input end of translation circuit；First output end of CCFL translation circuit is the first output end of power circuit, CCFL transformation electricity
The second output terminal on road is the second output terminal of power circuit, the electricity exported between BOOST circuit positive output end and negative output terminal
Pressure includes at least primary decline during the work time.
2. power circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
BOOST circuit includes at least metal-oxide-semiconductor K1, diode D1, inductance L1 and capacitor C1；One end of inductance L1 is BOOST circuit
Positive input terminal, the anode of the other end connection diode D1 of inductance L1, the cathode of diode D1 connects BOOST circuit simultaneously
One end of positive output end and capacitor C1, the other end of capacitor C1 connect the negative input end and negative output terminal of BOOST circuit simultaneously,
The anode of the drain electrode connection diode D1 of metal-oxide-semiconductor K1, the negative input end of the source electrode connection BOOST circuit of metal-oxide-semiconductor K1；
CCFL translation circuit includes at least start-up circuit, inductance L2, capacitor C3, triode TR1, triode TR2, transformer B, original
Side winding NP1And NP2, feedback winding NB1And NB2And vice-side winding NS1, for start-up circuit including at least two terminals, starting is defeated
Enter end and starting output end；Start the positive output end of input terminal connection BOOST circuit or the positive input terminal of power circuit, starts defeated
Outlet connects feedback winding NB1And NB2Centre cap；The emitter of triode TR1 and TR2 are connected to the negative of BOOST circuit
Output end, collector are separately connected primary side winding NP1And NP2Two ends, collector is also respectively connected with the both ends of capacitor C3,
Base stage is separately connected feedback winding NB1And NB2Two ends；Primary side winding NP1And NP2Centre cap connected by inductance L2
The positive output end of BOOST circuit；Vice-side winding NS1One end be CCFL translation circuit the first output end, vice-side winding NS1's
The other end is the second output terminal of CCFL translation circuit.
3. power circuit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: include that electric current provides device, electric current in start-up circuit
Offer device is resistance, or is constant-current source device.
4. power circuit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: further include capacitor C2 in start-up circuit, capacitor C2 with
Electric current provides device parallel connection or capacitor C2 is connected between starting output end and the negative output terminal of BOOST circuit.
5. power circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: CCFL translation circuit drives for it.
6. a kind of photovoltaic generating system, including photovoltaic group string, it is characterised in that further include: it is described in any one of claim 1 to 5
Power circuit, the hot end of photovoltaic group string electrically connect the first output end of power circuit, and the ground terminal of photovoltaic group string electrically connects power supply
The second output terminal of circuit exports between BOOST circuit positive output end and negative output terminal when activating to photovoltaic group string
Voltage declines at any time.
7. photovoltaic generating system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: further include DC power supply, DC power supply and institute
The output end for the power circuit stated is connected, and series connection method is one of following two:
(1) second output terminal of the negative electricity joining power circuit of DC power supply, the first output end of power circuit electrically connect light
The cathode of the anode of volt group string, photovoltaic group string electrically connects the anode of DC power supply；
(2) cathode of DC power supply electrically connects the anode of photovoltaic group string, and the negative electricity joining power circuit second of photovoltaic group string is defeated
Outlet, the first output end of power circuit electrically connect the anode of DC power supply.
8. photovoltaic generating system according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that: the high frequency of CCFL translation circuit output is handed over
Galvanic electricity peak value is not more than the open-circuit voltage for the photovoltaic group string being activated.
9. photovoltaic generating system according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that: CCFL translation circuit in power circuit
Working frequency is less than or equal to 1MHz.
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| CN102082526A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-06-01 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Self-exited push-pull converter |
| CN102710110A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-03 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Short-circuit protection method for self-excitation push-pull type convertor |
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| CN1208550C (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2005-06-29 | 托马斯·C·马尔斯 | Ignition system for internal combustion engine |
| US20040056607A1 (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2004-03-25 | Henry George C. | Lamp inverter with pre-regulator |
| CN101257221A (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-03 | 北京恒基伟业投资发展有限公司 | Photovoltaic battery- DC / DC voltage boosting convert charging method |
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