CN109523168A - Team innovation method for organizing in a kind of online teaching community - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses team innovation method for organizing in a kind of online teaching community, realize the construction for being transmitted to intangible value from tangible knowledge, and the participant of online open education is made to obtain career development and school work progress.Online teaching community is made of numerous study groups that Faculty and Students form, in holding group the heterogeneous homogeneity between group come reinforce study cooperation and competition, promoted online teaching community ecology it is necessary.After the present invention defines on-line study triple, the method for measuring student's affinity and teacher's guidance efficiency is proposed；The competition mechanism between online teaching group is established, degree of contention between group is adjusted using parameter, student is allowed rationally to migrate between group, forms beneficial online teaching ecology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of computer technology, and in particular to a kind of dynamic organization's method of online teaching Community Group.
Background technique
Online education is in the ascendant at present.Online education turns to open education process from open educational resources, realizes from having
The construction for being transmitted to intangible value of shape knowledge makes the participant of online open education obtain career development and school work progress.
American-European countries focuses on open online education very much, actively attempts to develop various online teaching platforms, based on online flat
Platform carries out teaching in practice.Course management system (Course Manage System, CMS) is leading for a long time to have closed boundary
Online education, such as Moodle, Blackboard, Desire2learn and Sakai etc..Moodle building is learned comprising cooperation
On the basis of habit, activity theory and the Social Constructivism theories of learning of critical thinking, it is suitable for 100% online course and is also applied for
In conjunction with the blended learning of conventional teaching.One Moodle network address can establish thousands of a courses, and course can be classified and be searched
It seeks.Moodle network address is easy to the management of website, user and course, and curriculum activity includes zone of discussion, log, test, online money
The various forms such as source, selection, questionnaire survey, operation, chatroom, workshop.The Blackboard of Microsoft is realized pair on network
Educational administration, teaching, Administrative Affairs Management are divided into three parts: instruction management platform, portal communities platform and resource management platform.
However, Faculty and Students all have individual character, the link that above-mentioned platform does not select and set group, Faculty and Students.
The appearance of large-scale open network course (massive open online courses, MOOC) is so that online class
Journey moves towards open society from closed boundary, and learner moves towards from part to the whole world.Coursera, Udacity and edX are current are somebody's turn to do
The giant generally acknowledged greatly of the three of field.Stanford university MOOC gives a course platform in addition to Coursera, there are also Class2Go,
Venture Lab is further continued for developing.China actively builds the MOOC of oneself, using like curriculum net as platform be proposed first towards
The online education course in the whole world is distinguished in the MOOC course of the colleges and universities such as Peking University, Tsinghua University, Hong Kong Chinese University in 2013
It is formally online in edX and Coursera.Also such as shell net, person who has had the experience website create the door for being linked to MOOC course for domestic enterprise
Group is organized study in family website, promotes online course learning community development.These platforms are with their own characteristics, function overlapping, and feature is each
It is different, but mainly using free, high quality course content as focal points of service, provide task of course, assessment, exchange study in wire loop
Support that the student for even smoothly completing course provides study certificate in border.It is given lessons in form using video, as close as possible to true
University in impart knowledge to students, such as before the class outline, homework, knot class test.MOOCs lacks necessary tied mechanism, Xue Shengxue
Habit process and quality are unable to get guarantee；Similar course resources can not be competed and be merged.
The online cooperative education for not relying on course resources for counsel gradually rises.SOLEs(Self Organized Learning
Environments, self-organized learning environment) it stands on certainly and organizes study community, answer is looked for by asking a question, cooperate mutual assistance, expands
The visual field, learning knowledge.For example, the life-long education person group of Peeragogy concern early stage adult and senior work, form from group
The mutual assistance study knitted.The group of truancy (Unclass) is not directed to special group, advocates and completes mutually to give financial aid to students in freedom and flexible environment
It practises.Although building network environment can promote to learn, positive can not be brought up without explicitly adjusting between grouping and group
Practise ecological environment.
In online education field, imparted knowledge to students by group's form tissue to complete to study in coordination.There are teacher and centainly in group
The student of quantity emphasizes the directive function that teacher is kept in teaching process, it is desirable that it is heterogeneous in group, in the hope of carrying out cooperation in group,
It is required that homogeneity between group, to excite competition between organizing.The effect that student member in research trends adjustment group, excitation teacher religion and student learn
Rate is necessary.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is mentioned for study group scale adjustment mechanism is lacked in on-line study
A kind of method that number of student is dynamically adjusted between study group is gone out.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: team innovation method for organizing in a kind of online teaching community, feature exist
In, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: defining online learning environment；
Defining on-line study triple is (G, S, C), wherein G represents the set of online direction teacher, and S represents online learn
Raw set, C represent total round of study；
If g ∈ G, s ∈ S, 0 < i≤C, i ∈ N, function P:G × N → 2 are introduceds, for any (g, i), with P (g, i) table
The set for the student that teaching teacher g is instructed in the i-th wheel, and haveFunction Q:S × N → G is introduced, for any (s, i), uses Q
(s, i) indicates the instructor that student s takes turns i-th, and has Q (s, i) ∈ G；Function R:S × N → N is introduced, is indicated with R (s, i)
School grade of the student s in the i-th wheel；It is instructed during type studies in coordination in every wheel, instructor person can instruct several students, Mei Gexue
Life can only have an instructor, and there is no the generations of the event of one student of multiple teacher's guidances；In the i-th wheel, 0 < i≤C, i
∈ N, for any g, g' ∈ G, g ≠ g' have
Step 2: all student performances in S being initialized as same value 50, the teacher's guidance student in G is assigned initially to imitate
Rate is all teachers that all students in 0.5, S are averagely allocated in G；Order is moved out set Sout=Φ moves into set Sin=
Φ learns round i=1；
Step 3: being prepared to enter into next round study, i ← i+1；
Step 4: in the i-th wheel study, the achievement R (s, i) of student s ∈ S is generated according to teacher's guidance student characteristics function；
Step 5: after the i-th wheel study, calculating the student to move out in every group；
For instructor g ∈ G, ifCalculate Sout=Sout∪{s|min{Affinity(s,s',
I) } }, wherein s, s' ∈ P (g, i), s ≠ s', P (g, i)=P (g, i)-Sout, until selecting n student；
Wherein, the number of student that M (g, i) expression teacher g is instructed in the i-th wheel, M (g, i)=| | P (g, i) | |,
For the variable quantity of this group of number of student；
Affinity (s, s', i) indicates any student s, affinity Affinity between s' ∈ S, s ≠ s' (s, s',
i)；
Affinity (s, s', i) reflects s, the otherness of the structure of knowledge of s ' student；Affinity (s, s', i) is bigger,
Illustrate s, it, according to requirement heterogeneous in group, is suitable for studying in coordination in same group that the knowledge of s ' grasp, which has with strong complementarity,；Conversely,
Affinity (s, s', i) is smaller, illustrates s, the knowledge of s ' grasp has homoplasy strong, according to the requirement of homogeneity between group, then by it
Distribute in different groups of study；
Step 6: after the i-th wheel study, calculating the student moved into every group；
For instructor g ∈ G, ifCalculate Sin=s | max { Affinity (s, s', i) } },
In, s ∈ Sout, s' ∈ P (g, i) P (g, i)=P (g, i) ∪ Sin；Sout=Sout-Sin, until selecting n student；
Step 7: judging whether i is equal to C, if then this process terminates, otherwise go to step 3.
The present invention establishes the adjusting between on-line study group by the efficiency of the instructor of calculating on-line study group
Mechanism equation, to reach heterogeneous in group, is mutually assisted to adjust the composition of group student and the scale of group to organize interior student
Make；Reach homogeneity between group, so that between study group network environment can be built for on-line study than learning.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the on-line study group dynamic change schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is influence schematic diagram of the parameter setting of inventive embodiments to adjusting；
Fig. 4 is the adaptive testing schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments to this hair
It is bright to be described in further detail, it should be understood that implementation example described herein is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Referring to Fig.1, team innovation method for organizing in a kind of online teaching community provided by the invention, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: defining online learning environment；
Defining on-line study triple is (G, S, C), wherein G represents the set of online direction teacher, and S represents online learn
Raw set, C represent total round of study；
If g ∈ G, s ∈ S, 0 < i≤C, i ∈ N, function P:G × N → 2 are introduceds, for any (g, i), with P (g, i) table
The set for the student that teaching teacher g is instructed in the i-th wheel, and haveFunction Q:S × N → G is introduced, for any (s, i), is used
Q (s, i) indicates the instructor that student s takes turns i-th, and has Q (s, i) ∈ G；Function R:S × N → N is introduced, is indicated with R (s, i)
School grade of the student s in the i-th wheel；It is instructed during type studies in coordination in every wheel, instructor person can instruct several students, Mei Gexue
Life can only have an instructor, and there is no the generations of the event of one student of multiple teacher's guidances；In the i-th wheel, 0 < i≤C, i
∈ N, for any g, g' ∈ G, g ≠ g' have
Step 2: all student performances in S being initialized as same value 50, the teacher's guidance student in G is assigned initially to imitate
Rate is all teachers that all students in 0.5, S are averagely allocated in G；Enable study round i=0；
Step 3: being prepared to enter into next round study, i ← i+1；Set of moving out Sout=Φ moves into set Sin=Φ.
Step 4: in the i-th wheel study, the achievement R (s, i) of student s ∈ S is generated according to teacher's guidance student characteristics function；
Step 5: after the i-th wheel study, calculating the student to move out in every group；
For instructor g ∈ G, ifCalculate Sout=Sout∪{s|min{Affinity(s,s',
I) } }, wherein s, s' ∈ P (g, i), s ≠ s', P (g, i)=P (g, i)-Sout, until selecting n student；
Wherein, the number of student that M (g, i) expression teacher g is instructed in the i-th wheel, M (g, i)=| | P (g, i) | |,
For the variable quantity of this group of number of student；
Affinity (s, s', i) indicates any student s, affinity Affinity between s' ∈ S, s ≠ s' (s, s',
i)；
Affinity (s, s', i) reflects s, the otherness of the structure of knowledge of s ' student；Affinity (s, s', i) is bigger,
Illustrate s, it, according to requirement heterogeneous in group, is suitable for studying in coordination in same group that the knowledge of s ' grasp, which has with strong complementarity,；Conversely,
Affinity (s, s', i) is smaller, illustrates s, the knowledge of s ' grasp has homoplasy strong, according to the requirement of homogeneity between group, then by it
Distribute in different groups of study；
After the i-th wheel study, for any instructor g ∈ G, imitated by the online direction that formula (2) calculates it
Rate；
Wherein,Respectively
For the number of set S, P (g, i) element, the i.e. number of student's total number of persons and the i-th wheel teacher g instruction of papil；
Educational statistics statistical law shows that the learning ability of student, practical operative ability, normal total marks of the examination etc. are in
Normal distribution；If the i-th wheel achievement R (s, i) of student s is regarded as independent stochastic variable, which obeys normal state point
Cloth, and have R (s, i)~N (μ, δ),0≤η (g, i)≤1 is found out from formula (2), when student's average mark in teacher g group
When bigger, then the value of η (g, i) is also bigger, and teacher g's instructs efficiency higher；
Arrangement of the student between group is determined by formula (3)；
Wherein, the number of student that M (g, i) expression teacher g is instructed in the i-th wheel, M (g, i)=| | P (g, i) | |,
For the variable quantity of this group of number of student, η (g, i) instructs efficiency for its wheel；Efficiency is instructed for the average weighted of teacher,
The average number that should be distributed for theoretically every group；α >=0 is excitation factor, whenWhen, lead to guidance next time of teacher g
Number of student is on the rise, and to encourage the high-efficient more instruction of papil of teacher, when η (g, i) is bigger, increased number of student is just
It is more；β >=0 is inhibiting factor, whenWhen, cause the next instruction of papil number of teacher g to have downward trend, for balance
The number of student of teacher's guidance, when M (g, i) is bigger, the number of student of reduction is more；
Step 6: after the i-th wheel study, calculating the student moved into every group；
For instructor g ∈ G, ifCalculate Sin=s | max { Affinity (s, s', i) } },
Wherein, s ∈ Sout, s' ∈ P (g, i) P (g, i)=P (g, i) ∪ Sin；Sout=Sout-Sin, until selecting n student；
The student of the triple (G, S, C) of on-line study group can migrate between group, cause number of student in group that can become
Change, but student's total number of persons is definite value.Between the group of formula (3) in competition mechanism equation, α >=0 is the competitive excitation factor, whenWhen, cause the next instruction of papil number of teacher g on the rise.For encouragement, high-efficient teacher instructs to learn more
Raw, when η (g, i) is bigger, increased number of student is more.β >=0 is the Competitive assays factor, whenWhen, lead to teacher g
Next instruction of papil number have downward trend.For the number of student for balancing teacher's guidance, when M (g, i) is bigger, the student of reduction
Number is more.
Pass through the scale that competition constantly adjusts itself between on-line study group group, if the guidance group of teacher gAccording to principle heterogeneous in group, the member that other groups are moved out is added in the group, expansion group scale., whereas ifMove out member from the group, diminution group scale.After formula (3) adjustment, next round study is calculated by formula (4)
The scale of middle each group；
In on-line study triple (G, S, C), student can migrate between group, and every wheel student's total number of persons is definite value | | S | |.Cause
To give teacher g ∈ G after the study of the i-th wheel, according to formula (3),Non-constant is zero.WhenWhen, table
Bright study next time has student to move into this group；Conversely, there is student to move out this group.
Meanwhile after the study taken turns for i-th, have:
Further according to formula (4), can obtainAlthough next each group number of student produces change according to formula (3)
It is dynamic, but each group is moved into or moves out variable quantity sum of zero, so each group number summation is definite value.If being incited somebody to action initially | | S | | quantity
Student be assigned to each group, that is, can guarantee following every wheel total number of persons be definite value | | S | |.
Step 7: judging whether i is equal to C, if then this process terminates, otherwise go to step 3.
Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated；
See Fig. 2, it is assumed that there is only Liang Ge groups for certain on-line study group, and at a time teacher g1, g2 is instructed respectively
Three students；After a few wheel guidance learnings, when g2 instructs efficiency to be higher than g1, student S3 migrates into g2 group from g1 group, causes
The number variation of group where instructor, but two groups of pupil loads remain unchanged.
See Fig. 3, it is assumed that on-line study group 4, respectively a g1, g2, g3, g4.α=0.15 in Fig. 3 (a), β=
α=0.5 in 4.0, Fig. 3 (b), β=2.0.As α increases, β reduces, and competition is reinforced, and causes group's middle school student's number with teacher
Instruct efficiency obviously to break up.If continuing to reinforce competition, obtained from experiment, as α=1.6, β=1.0, after the 17th round,
G2 possesses 94 students, other each groups then assign to 2 students；Conversely, working as α=0.0, when β=0.0, according to formula (3), system
There is no competition, each group student's scale is identical, does not have entry/leave, and 25 students of every group of holding are invariable.
See Fig. 4, α=0.4 in Fig. 4 (a), β=4.0, student's scale is 200 people；α=0.8 in Fig. 4 (b), β=
2.9, student's scale is 25 people.Reflect between group competition mechanism can according to instructor's characteristic function, student's learning outcome and its
Its parameter setting can number of student preferably between scheduling group, achieve the purpose that optimization teaching.It can thus be concluded that increased in student's scale
Variation or the variation of instructor's quantity, team innovation method for organizing all has good adaptability in online teaching community.
It should be understood that the part that this specification does not elaborate belongs to the prior art.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is more detailed, can not therefore be considered to this
The limitation of invention patent protection range, those skilled in the art under the inspiration of the present invention, are not departing from power of the present invention
Benefit requires to make replacement or deformation under protected ambit, fall within the scope of protection of the present invention, this hair
It is bright range is claimed to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. team innovation method for organizing in a kind of online teaching community, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: defining online learning environment；
Defining on-line study triple is (G, S, C), wherein G represents the set of online direction teacher, and S represents online student's
Set, C represent total round of study；
If g ∈ G, s ∈ S, 0 < i≤C, i ∈ N, function P:G × N → 2 are introduceds, for any (g, i), teacher is indicated with P (g, i)
The set for the student that g is instructed in the i-th wheel, and haveFunction Q:S × N → G is introduced, for any (s, i), with Q (s, i)
It indicates the instructor that student s takes turns i-th, and has Q (s, i) ∈ G；Function R:S × N → N is introduced, indicates student s with R (s, i)
In the school grade of the i-th wheel；It is instructed during type studies in coordination in every wheel, instructor person can instruct several students, and each student is only
There can be an instructor, there is no the generations of the event of one student of multiple teacher's guidances；In the i-th wheel, 0 < i≤C, i ∈ N,
For any g, g' ∈ G, g ≠ g' have
Step 2: all student performances in S being initialized as same value, teacher's guidance student's starting efficiency in appointment G is
All students in 0.5, S are averagely allocated to all teachers in G；Order is moved out set Sout=Φ moves into set Sin=Φ is learned
Practise round i=1；
Step 3:i=i+1；
Step 4: in the i-th wheel study, the achievement R (s, i) of student s ∈ S is generated according to teacher's guidance student characteristics function；
Step 5: after the i-th wheel study, calculating the student to move out in every group；
For instructor g ∈ G, ifCalculate Sout=Sout∪{s|min{Affinity(s,s',
I) } }, wherein s, s' ∈ P (g, i), s ≠ s', P (g, i)=P (g, i)-Sout, until selecting n student；
Wherein, the number of student that M (g, i) expression teacher g is instructed in the i-th wheel, M (g, i)=| | P (g, i) | |,For this
The variable quantity of group number of student；
Affinity (s, s', i) indicates any student s, the affinity Affinity (s, s', i) between s' ∈ S, s ≠ s'；
Affinity (s, s', i) reflects s, the otherness of the structure of knowledge of s ' student；Affinity (s, s', i) is bigger, explanation
The knowledge of s, s ' grasp has with strong complementarity, is suitable for studying in coordination in same group according to heterogeneous requirement in group；Conversely,
Affinity (s, s', i) is smaller, illustrates s, the knowledge of s ' grasp has homoplasy strong, according to the requirement of homogeneity between group, then by it
Distribute in different groups of study；
Step 6: after the i-th wheel study, calculating the student moved into every group；
For instructor g ∈ G, ifCalculate Sin=s | max { Affinity (s, s', i) } }, wherein s
∈Sout, s' ∈ P (g, i) P (g, i)=P (g, i) ∪ Sin；Sout=Sout-Sin, until selecting n student；
Step 7: judging whether i is equal to C, if then this process terminates, otherwise go to step 3.
2. team innovation method for organizing in online teaching community according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 5,
After i-th wheel study, for any instructor g ∈ G, its online direction efficiency is calculated by formula (2)；
Wherein,| | S | |, | | P (g, i) | | respectively
For the number of set S, P (g, i) element, the i.e. number of student's total number of persons and the i-th wheel teacher g instruction of papil；
Educational statistics statistical law shows that the learning ability of student, practical operative ability, normal total marks of the examination etc. are in normal state
Distribution；If the i-th wheel achievement R (s, i) of student s is regarded as independent stochastic variable, the stochastic variable Normal Distribution, and
There is R (s, i)~N (μ, δ),0≤η (g, i)≤1 is found out from formula (2), when student's average mark is bigger in teacher g group
When, then the value of η (g, i) is also bigger, and teacher g's instructs efficiency higher；
Arrangement of the student between group is determined by formula (3)；
Wherein, the number of student that M (g, i) expression teacher g is instructed in the i-th wheel, M (g, i)=| | P (g, i) | |,For this
The variable quantity of group number of student, η (g, i) instruct efficiency for its wheel；Efficiency is instructed for the average weighted of teacher,For theory
Upper every group of average number that should be distributed；α >=0 is excitation factor, whenWhen, lead to the next instruction of papil people of teacher g
Number is on the rise, and to encourage the high-efficient more instruction of papil of teacher, when η (g, i) is bigger, increased number of student is more；β
>=0 is inhibiting factor, whenWhen, cause the next instruction of papil number of teacher g to have downward trend, refers to for balance teacher
The number of student led, when M (g, i) is bigger, the number of student of reduction is more；
After formula (3) adjustment, the scale of each group in next round study is calculated by formula (4)；
In on-line study triple (G, S, C), student can migrate between group, and every wheel student's total number of persons is definite value | | S | |.
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| CN110826914A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-21 | 陕西师范大学 | Learning group grouping method based on difference |
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| CN110826914A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-21 | 陕西师范大学 | Learning group grouping method based on difference |
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