CN109520689B - Test method for simulating underwater multipoint seismic input - Google Patents
Test method for simulating underwater multipoint seismic input Download PDFInfo
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- CN109520689B CN109520689B CN201811254127.0A CN201811254127A CN109520689B CN 109520689 B CN109520689 B CN 109520689B CN 201811254127 A CN201811254127 A CN 201811254127A CN 109520689 B CN109520689 B CN 109520689B
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- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention provides a test method for simulating underwater multipoint earthquake input, which adopts a test system comprising two reservoirs, a test water tank, a flow making platform, a flow making device, a wave making device, a vibration table and a wave eliminating plate, wherein the vibration table and the wave eliminating plate are positioned in the test water tank.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of civil and hydraulic engineering, in particular to a test method for simulating underwater multipoint earthquake input.
Background
In 2018, a large-scale multipoint earthquake engineering simulation research facility, the first national major scientific and technological infrastructure in the earthquake engineering field, is constructed by Tianjin university. The total building area of the device is estimated to be 7.7 ten thousand square meters, the construction period is 5 years, and after the construction is completed, a more scientific and effective platform is provided for the earthquake-resistant research of world major projects.
At present, the existing seismic test method mainly has the following two problems: (1) the method can realize consistent input (single point) of earthquake motion, can realize test simulation of the underwater single-point vibration table, but cannot realize test simulation of the underwater multipoint vibration table; (2) although the multi-point input of seismic motion can be realized, the research and analysis of the seismic under the action of various factors (wave and current coupling) in the water area environment cannot be considered at the same time. In addition, the multidimensional multi-point excitation test method adopting seismic oscillation is also limited by the installation position and form of the vibration table, only multi-point input in a discrete form such as a bridge can be simulated, and the problem of simulating actual continuous input of seismic oscillation by considering the discrete multi-point input such as a hydropower station and a dam cannot be researched. In the actual engineering situation, however, the complex environmental factors of the water area must be fully considered, so that the earthquake test simulation and analysis of the water area growing structure can be more scientifically and reliably realized. This is because, for the large water area structure, in addition to the multi-point wave effect (such as traveling wave effect, attenuation effect, field effect and coherence effect) generated during the seismic wave propagation, the influence of external environmental factors (such as waves and currents) is also considered.
In summary, the existing seismic test method cannot simulate the seismic test of the growing structure in the water area environment. With the development of engineering technology level and the improvement of requirements of people on structural safety, the existing seismic test method cannot provide more scientific and reliable seismic test analysis. At present, a set of earthquake test method which can be applied to multi-point earthquake excitation and can also realize earthquake motion-wave-water flow coupling action is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a seismic test method which can realize both multi-point seismic excitation and seismic motion-wave-water flow coupling action, and aims to solve the problem that the existing seismic test method cannot simulate the seismic test of a long and large structure in a water area environment.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a test method for simulating underwater multipoint earthquake input is characterized in that one of the two reservoirs is a main reservoir and the other is an L-shaped reservoir, the flow making platform is arranged at one side close to the inner side of the L-shaped reservoir, the L-shaped reservoir is formed by the flow making platform and a first vertical baffle, a second vertical baffle with an opening is arranged on the flow making platform, the flow making device is arranged on the flow making platform between the two vertical baffles, and the outlet of the flow making device is communicated with the opening on the second vertical baffle;
the bottom of the test water tank is higher than the main reservoir, one side of the test water tank is communicated with the main reservoir, the other side of the test water tank is communicated with the flow making platform, an opening area is reserved at the bottom of the test water tank close to the middle position, and a vibration table is arranged in the opening area; the lower parts of the two reservoirs are communicated through a communicating pipe;
the wave making device and the wave eliminating plate are respectively positioned at two sides of the test water tank, the wave eliminating plate comprises a wave eliminating front plate and a wave eliminating rear plate, openings are arranged on the wave eliminating front plate and the wave eliminating rear plate at intervals, and the openings of the wave making device and the wave eliminating rear plate are arranged in a staggered manner;
the periphery of the opening area of the test water tank is connected with a rigid waterproof plate, and the vibration table is connected with the rigid waterproof plate in a sealing mode through a flexible waterproof material.
The test method is as follows:
(1) determining the earthquake motion input condition of the test object, and designing an installation scheme of the vibration table to finish the installation of the vibration table;
(2) installing a rigid waterproof plate and a flexible waterproof material, and performing sealing and anti-seepage treatment;
(3) injecting test water into the main reservoir and the L-shaped reservoir to ensure that the water level slightly submerges the table top of the vibration table;
(4) a sealing inspection step is carried out, the wave making device and the flow making device are opened, whether the vibration table and the surrounding sealing treatment seep water or not is observed, and the safety and accuracy of the test are ensured;
(5) draining water until the water level is lower than the height of the table top of the vibration table, and mounting a test object on the table top of the vibration table;
(6) injecting test water into the main reservoir and the L-shaped reservoir again to ensure that the water level height is the water level required by the test;
(7) opening the wave generating device and the flow generating device to generate water flow and wave conditions;
(8) the action switch of the vibration table is turned on, and the test is started.
Preferably, a steady flow section with a splayed opening from the flow making device to the test water tank is designed on the flow making platform, and when water flows into the test water tank, the flow making device and the wave eliminating plate which are respectively positioned at two sides of the test water tank are avoided, so that the water flow generated by the flow making device is uniformly diffused to a required test area, and the water flow is prevented from directly impacting the flow making device and the wave eliminating plate. The vibration table surface of the vibration table and the upper surface of the bottom of the test water tank are at the same height.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
firstly), the test method can realize the research of the structure under the coupling action of multi-point earthquake motion-wave-water flow.
Secondly), the test method can realize the wave-water flow coupling effect under the single-point earthquake excitation and can also realize the wave-water flow coupling effect under the multipoint earthquake excitation.
Thirdly), the test method can meet the application of various arrangement forms of the vibration table by depending on the splicing property of the rigid waterproof plate. For the multi-point earthquake test, the test method can be applied to the discrete multi-point input test and also can be applied to the actual continuous input test for simulating earthquake motion by using the discrete multi-point input.
And IV) the device applied by the test method has a simple structure, can automatically adjust the water levels of the two water reservoirs by means of the communicating pipe to form circulating water flow, and simultaneously reduces the test cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an apparatus used in the test method.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the apparatus used in the test method. (the arrow indicates the flow direction of water)
FIG. 3 is a detailed explanatory view of the test water tank.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the wavefront-canceling, back plate mounting.
In the drawing, the water storage tank comprises a main water storage tank 1a, a water storage tank 1b and L, a test water tank 2, a flow making platform 3, a flow making device 3a, a flow stabilizing section 3b, a wave making device 4, a communicating pipe 5, a vibrating table 6, a rigid waterproof plate 7, a flexible waterproof material 8, a wave-absorbing front plate 9a, a wave-absorbing rear plate 9b, a water drainage hole 10, a partition plate a, a mounting clamping groove b, a first vertical baffle 11, a first vertical baffle 12 and a second vertical baffle.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention relates to a test method for simulating underwater multipoint earthquake input, which comprises two reservoirs, a test water tank 2, a flow making platform 3, a flow making device 3a, a wave making device 4, a vibration table 6 and a wave absorbing plate, wherein the vibration table 6 and the wave absorbing plate are positioned in the test water tank, one of the two reservoirs is a main reservoir 1a, the other one of the two reservoirs is an L-shaped reservoir 1b, the flow making platform 3 is arranged at one side close to the inner side of the L-shaped reservoir 1b, the L-shaped reservoir 1b is formed by the flow making platform 3 and a first vertical baffle 11, a second vertical baffle 12 with an opening is arranged on the flow making platform 3, the flow making device 3a is arranged on the flow making platform 3 between the two vertical baffles, the outlet of the flow making device is communicated with the opening on the second vertical baffle 12, and circulating water flow is formed from the bottom of the L-shaped reservoir 1b by utilizing the flow making device 3a to research multipoint.
The structure is described in detail as follows:
the two reservoirs respectively comprise a main reservoir 1a and a L-shaped reservoir 1b which are simultaneously opened at the top, and a drain hole 10 is designed at the bottom of the main reservoir 1 a.
The bottom of the test water tank 2 is higher than the main reservoir 1a, one side of the test water tank is communicated with the main reservoir 1a, and the other side of the test water tank is communicated with the flow making platform 3. An opening area is reserved at the bottom of the test water tank 2 close to the middle position, a vibration table 6 is arranged in the opening area, and the vibration table surface of the vibration table 6 and the upper surface of the bottom of the test water tank 2 are at the same height; the lower parts of the two reservoirs are communicated through a communicating pipe 5.
The flow making device 3a is arranged and installed on the flow making platform 3, a pipeline c is designed to penetrate through the bottom surface of the flow making platform 3 to pump water from the bottom of the L-shaped water storage tank 1b, meanwhile, a flow stabilizing section 3b with a splayed opening from the flow making device 3a to the test water tank 2 is designed on the flow making platform 3, one side of the flow stabilizing section 3b is embedded with the flow making device 3a, the other side of the flow stabilizing section is connected with the partition plate a and the inner side of the installation clamping groove b, and when water flows into the test water tank, the water flow avoids the wave making device and the wave absorbing plate which are respectively positioned at two sides of the test water tank, so that the water flow generated by the flow making device 3a is uniformly.
Because the flow making device 3b is difficult to be directly matched with the flow stabilizing section 3b, the second vertical baffle 12 is arranged, the sealing performance of the real system is ensured, and meanwhile, an opening is designed on the second vertical baffle 12, so that the flow making outlet and the designed opening of the flow making device 3b are ensured to be embedded.
A partition plate a is designed on the side of the test water tank 2 where the wave generating device 4 is arranged, and the partition plate a is connected with the side wall of the test water tank 2, so that the influence of water flow generated by the flow generating device 3a on the test precision due to the direct impact of the wave generating device 4 is avoided; and a pair of mounting clamping grooves b are designed on the other side of the test water tank 2, are also connected with the side wall of the test water tank 2 and are arranged at a certain interval, and can be used for mounting a wave-absorbing front plate 9a and a wave-absorbing rear plate 9 b.
The wave-absorbing front plate 9a and the wave-absorbing rear plate 9b are fixedly installed through an installation clamping groove b on the test water tank 2. When the wave-absorbing front plate 9a is installed at one side close to the wave generating device 4, and the wave-absorbing rear plate 9b is installed at one side far away from the wave generating device 4. While the extinction wave plate 9b is arranged forward at the rear end of the extinction wave plate 9 a. And the upper sides of the wave-eliminating front plate 9a and the wave-eliminating rear plate 9b are provided with round openings at intervals. When the wave absorbing front plate and the wave absorbing rear plate are installed, the circular holes of the wave absorbing front plate 9a and the circular holes of the wave absorbing rear plate 9b are arranged in a staggered mode. The design length of the wave-absorbing front plate 9a and the wave-absorbing back plate 9b is slightly longer than the working width of the wave making device 4, and when the wave-absorbing front plate 9a and the wave-absorbing back plate 9b are installed, the wave-absorbing front plate 9a and the wave-absorbing back plate 9b are opposite to the wave making device 4.
The wave-absorbing plate has the following functions: during test simulation, waves generated by the wave generating device can be reflected on the side wall of the test water tank and interfere with original waves to secondarily influence a test object, the wave generating device does not have the effect in an actual sea area, and therefore the wave eliminating plate is installed and designed to eliminate the reflection of the waves and avoid the interference effect, and the situation that no boundary exists in the actual sea area is simulated.
Referring to fig. 3, in the present invention, for simulating a multi-point seismic test, at least two vibration tables are required to be designed and installed according to a test scheme, thereby causing uncertainty in the arrangement form of the vibration table top of the seismic simulation test. Therefore, a larger opening area is reserved in the middle of the test water tank 2 for mounting the vibration table 6, and the remaining opening area is seamlessly spliced by the rigid waterproof plate 7 and the test water tank 2 to form an assembly area surrounding the vibration table top. Meanwhile, a gap area is reserved around the vibration table top, and the gap area is sealed by a flexible waterproof material 8.
It should be particularly noted that when the flexible waterproof material 8 is subjected to sealing treatment in the gap region, a surplus action length needs to be reserved, so as to avoid the direct influence of the flexible waterproof material 8 on the operation of the vibrating table 6. There is a large space in the lower part of the test water tank 2, mainly for installing a vibration table and arranging some oil pressure devices and oil pipelines, etc. In the device, the water flow generated by the flow generating device 3a generates topographic change in the steady flow section 3b and the test water tank 2, so that the actual flow rate needs to be converted and applied.
The invention relates to a test method for simulating underwater multipoint seismic input, which is provided with a digital control system. The system is used for controlling the vibrating table to simulate the actual earthquake action, controlling the wave height and the wave length generated by the wave generating device 4 in real time and controlling the flow generated by the flow generating device 3a, so as to meet different test conditions required by different conditions.
Referring to fig. 2, the water circulation system designed by the scheme of the device pumps water from the bottom of an L-shaped reservoir 1b by a flow-making device, the water flows through a steady flow section 3b, passes through a test water tank 2 and reaches a main reservoir 1a, and then the water automatically returns to a L-shaped reservoir 1b through a communicating pipe 5 according to a U-shaped pipe principle to complete circulation.
The steps of the detailed protocol are as follows:
(1) firstly, a test scheme is drawn up, the earthquake motion input condition of a test object is theoretically determined, and the installation scheme of the vibration table is designed to complete the arrangement and installation of the vibration table 6.
(2) And (3) installing a rigid waterproof plate 7 and a flexible waterproof material 8, and performing sealing and anti-seepage treatment.
(3) Test water is poured into the main reservoirs 1a and L, the shaped reservoir 1b and ensures that the water level of the pour slightly floods the top of the vibrating table 6.
(4) And (3) carrying out a sealing inspection step: and opening the wave generating device 4 and the flow generating device 3a, and observing whether the vibration table 6 and the surrounding sealing treatment seep water or not, so that the safety and the accuracy of the test are ensured.
(5) After the examination is finished, water is drained through the drain hole 10 until the water level is lower than the height of the table top of the vibration table 6, and the test object is installed on the table top of the vibration table 6.
(6) The test water is refilled in the main reservoirs 1a and L shaped reservoir 1b and it is ensured that the filling water level is the level required for the test.
(7) According to the wave and water flow data required to be tested and input in the digital control, the wave making device 4 and the flow making device 3a are opened, and water flow and wave conditions are made.
(8) According to the requirement, inputting the earthquake characteristic data to be tested in the digital control, opening the action switch of the vibration table 6 and starting the test.
(9) After the test is finished, the vibration table 6 is closed, and then the wave generating device 4 and the flow generating device 3a are closed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the heights of the test water tank 2, the main reservoir 1a, the L-shaped reservoir 1b, and the steady flow section 3b may be designed according to the depth of water to be simulated in actual needs, and the size of the communication pipe 5 may also be designed according to the situation simulated in actual tests.
Preferably, when the flexible waterproof material 8 is subjected to sealing treatment, a waterproof tarpaulin is adhered between the rigid waterproof board 7 and the vibrating table 6, and the adhesion part needs to be subjected to waterproof treatment.
Preferably, after the rigid waterproof boards 7 are spliced and the flexible waterproof material 8 is sealed in the gap area, waterproof treatment needs to be performed at the spliced position, and waterproof gel can be preferably filled in the gap.
Preferably, the wave generator 4 is a punching box type wave generator when selected.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments. The particular embodiments described above are illustrative only and not limiting. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this invention, may effect numerous modifications thereto and changes may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims that follow.
Claims (2)
1. A test method for simulating underwater multipoint earthquake input is characterized in that one of the two reservoirs is a main reservoir and the other is an L-shaped reservoir, the flow making platform is arranged at one side close to the inner side of the L-shaped reservoir, the L-shaped reservoir is formed by the flow making platform and a first vertical baffle, a second vertical baffle with an opening is arranged on the flow making platform, the flow making device is arranged on the flow making platform between the two vertical baffles, and the outlet of the flow making device is communicated with the opening on the second vertical baffle;
the bottom of the test water tank is higher than the main reservoir, one side of the test water tank is communicated with the main reservoir, the other side of the test water tank is communicated with the flow making platform, an opening area is reserved at the bottom of the test water tank close to the middle position, and a vibration table is arranged in the opening area; the lower parts of the two reservoirs are communicated through a communicating pipe;
the wave making device and the wave eliminating plate are respectively positioned at two sides of the test water tank, the wave eliminating plate comprises a wave eliminating front plate and a wave eliminating rear plate, openings are arranged on the wave eliminating front plate and the wave eliminating rear plate at intervals, and the openings of the wave making device and the wave eliminating rear plate are arranged in a staggered manner;
the periphery of the opening area of the test water tank is connected with a rigid waterproof plate, and the vibration table is hermetically connected with the rigid waterproof plate through a flexible waterproof material;
designing a steady flow section from the flow making device to a splayed opening of the test water tank on the flow making platform, and avoiding the wave making device and the wave eliminating plate which are respectively positioned at two sides of the test water tank when water flows into the test water tank so as to uniformly diffuse the water flow generated by the flow making device to a required test area and prevent the water flow from directly impacting the wave making device and the wave eliminating plate;
the test method is as follows:
(1) determining the earthquake motion input condition of the test object, and designing an installation scheme of the vibration table to finish the installation of the vibration table;
(2) installing a rigid waterproof plate and a flexible waterproof material, and performing sealing and anti-seepage treatment;
(3) injecting test water into the main reservoir and the L-shaped reservoir to ensure that the water level slightly submerges the table top of the vibration table;
(4) a sealing inspection step is carried out, the wave making device and the flow making device are opened, whether the vibration table and the surrounding sealing treatment seep water or not is observed, and the safety and accuracy of the test are ensured;
(5) draining water until the water level is lower than the height of the table top of the vibration table, and mounting a test object on the table top of the vibration table;
(6) injecting test water into the main reservoir and the L-shaped reservoir again to ensure that the water level height is the water level required by the test;
(7) opening the wave generating device and the flow generating device to generate water flow and wave conditions;
(8) the action switch of the vibration table is turned on, and the test is started.
2. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the vibration table of the vibration table and the upper surface of the bottom of the test water tank are at the same height.
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| CN109990966A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-09 | 北京博科测试系统股份有限公司 | A kind of Underwater Parallel shake table |
| CN110174227A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-08-27 | 广西大学 | Submerged floating tunnel bridge response to forced vibration device and method under earthquake and coupling wave with current |
| CN117419891B (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-03-05 | 天津大学 | Wave water tank test system |
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| RU2498352C1 (en) * | 2012-05-12 | 2013-11-10 | Виктор Васильевич Ивашин | Pulsed non-explosive seismic vibrator for water environment |
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