CN109518826B - Vibration control device and control method for pumped storage power station factory building structure - Google Patents
Vibration control device and control method for pumped storage power station factory building structure Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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Abstract
A vibration control device and a control method for a pumped storage power station factory building structure belong to the field of civil engineering and relate to vibration reduction control technology. The vibration control device and the control method for the pumped storage factory building comprise a tuned mass damper device manufacturing and vibration control method suitable for vibration control of the pumped storage factory building. The device comprises two counterweight steel plates, a fixed clamp, a spring steel plate and two connecting plates, wherein one end of the spring steel plate is connected with the counterweight steel plate through bolts, and the other end of the spring steel plate is connected with the fixed clamp through bolts. The working frequency of the mass damper is adjusted by adjusting the position and the weight of the counterweight steel plate, so that the damper is simple and reliable and is not limited by structural space. By connecting the fixing clamp with the clamp side plate, control of the tuned mass damper device in both directions is achieved. Based on the vibration characteristics of the pumped storage power station factory building, the invention provides a method for analyzing the structural response before and after vibration reduction by adopting a modal parameter identification means, so that the vibration reduction effect of the tuned mass damper under high-frequency excitation can be judged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vibration control device and a control method for a pumped storage power station factory building structure, and belongs to the field of civil engineering vibration control.
Background
Vibration is a non-negligible problem for civil engineering structures, which is an important indicator reflecting the state of the art of structural operation. Especially for the pumped storage power station factory building structure equipped with a large-scale generating set, the vibration problem is serious. With the increase of the size of the factory building structure and the increase of the capacity of the unit, the vibration problem of the unit in the running period is increased. The unit vibration is too big and can cause the unusual vibration of factory building structure, is in the state of vibrating for a long time and causes the fatigue failure of structure easily, seriously will lead to the structure to appear the crack and influence structural safety. In addition, vibration is related to normal use of a factory building structure and safe and stable operation of precision equipment, and physical and mental health of daily workers. Therefore, it is imperative to solve the vibration problem of the factory building structure.
The main reason of the vibration of the factory building structure is often caused by the high-frequency vibration of the machine set, and the high-frequency vibration caused by the machine set is in frequency aliasing with the high-order vibration mode of the factory building structure, so that the vibration response of the structure is further amplified. Therefore, a vibration control technology is necessary to be introduced to restrain abnormal vibration of the structure, so that the safety of the structure and the stable operation of equipment are ensured. For vibration control at a specific frequency, it is appropriate to apply tuned mass dampers. Most of the existing tuning mass dampers adopt spiral springs as stiffness units, but the spiral springs which can be produced at present cannot meet the stiffness requirement for restraining high-order vibration type vibration of a factory building structure, so that the number of the springs is increased in multiple, on one hand, the cost performance is low, the cost performance is uneconomical, the size of the tuning mass damper is increased due to the large number of spring elements, the requirement of the device on space is greatly improved, and the normal production and life are limited. On the other hand, the tuning devices with a plurality of springs are difficult to coordinate under high-frequency vibration, the ideal tuning effect is difficult to achieve, and the tuning devices have high requirements on the production process, but have low reliability.
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for controlling vibration reduction of a structure by adopting a spring steel plate as a damper stiffness element, overcomes the defects that the spring stiffness of the traditional tuned mass damper is insufficient and the tuning is difficult to coordinate under high-frequency vibration of a plurality of groups of springs, and ensures the structural safety by adjusting the position and the number of the counterweight steel plates to tune the working frequency of the mass damper and installing the damper on a factory building structure to inhibit the high-frequency vibration. The device is simple and reliable, is not limited by structural space, greatly improves construction efficiency and saves cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vibration control device and a control method for a pumped storage power station factory building structure, wherein a spring steel plate is used as a stiffness element of a tuned mass damper to be connected with a counterweight steel plate and is arranged on the factory building structure, so that the high-order vibration frequency of the tuned factory building structure is realized, and the purpose of inhibiting local high-frequency vibration of the pumped storage power station factory building structure is achieved.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the vibration control device comprises a fixed clamp, a spring steel plate, a counterweight steel plate and a connecting plate, wherein one end of the spring steel plate is provided with two long screw holes, and the other end of the spring steel plate is provided with a screw hole; the counterweight steel plate is provided with a first bolt hole, the fixing clamp is of a U-shaped structure, an opening of the U-shaped structure is fixedly connected with a clamp side plate, each outer side surface of the fixing clamp and each outer side surface of the clamp side plate are respectively provided with two connecting grooves fixedly connected with a connecting plate, and each connecting plate is provided with a second bolt hole; one end of the spring steel plate is inserted between the two connecting plates and fixed by a second bolt, and two sides of the other end of the spring steel plate are respectively provided with a counterweight steel plate and then fixed by a first bolt; when spring steel plates are connected to the three side surfaces of the fixing clamp and the side plates of the clamp, the high-frequency vibration control device based on the tuning mass damper for controlling the two directions is formed.
The first bolt passes through a first bolt hole on the counterweight steel plate and an elongated bolt hole on the spring steel plate. The second bolt passes through a second bolt hole on the connecting plate and a bolt hole on the spring steel plate. The connecting plate is fixed in the connecting groove by adopting a welding structure. The fixture side plate is fixed at the opening of the U-shaped structure of the fixed fixture by a third bolt.
The vibration control method for the pumped storage power station factory building structure adopts the following steps:
firstly, arranging an acceleration sensor on a factory building structure, and identifying modal parameters of the factory building structure through vibration signals;
step two, under the normal running state of the unit, reading the response of the factory building structure by using data acquisition equipment and performing frequency domain analysis to obtain the modal parameters of the vibration source and the vibration source frequency f;
thirdly, identifying the resonance position of the factory building structure and the vibration source according to the modal parameter information of the factory building structure and the vibration source and the acceleration time-course response of each measuring point;
fourth, analyzing the modal parameters corresponding to the high-order vibration mode, and determining the mass ratio of the tuned mass damper to the modal mass corresponding to the controlled high-order vibration mode；
Fifth step, through mass ratioDetermining the mass m of the tuned mass damper;
sixth, determining tuning frequency of tuning mass damper by optimal tuning frequency ratio，/>；
Seventh, designing a tuned mass damper device suitable for the pumped storage power station factory building;
eighth step, the structural size, length L, height h and width b of the spring steel plate (1) and the equivalent rigidity are determinedEquivalent mass->Wherein the moment of inertia->The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the But->Thus there are；
Step nine, calculating the cross section size of the spring steel plate according to the formula of the previous step, and further determining the length L of the spring steel plate;
a tenth step of connecting the fixture side plate with the fixing fixture through a third bolt, and fixing the fixing fixture on the structural column;
eleventh step, combining the spring steel plate and the counterweight steel plate together through a first bolt to form a tuned mass damper device;
a twelfth step of connecting the spring steel plate to a connecting plate on the side surface of the fixing clamp through a second bolt;
thirteenth, testing the self-vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper by a knocking test method or other modal test methods, and tuning the self-vibration frequency of the damper by adjusting the connection position of the counterweight steel plate and the spring steel plate and the mass of the counterweight steel plate;
fourteenth step, the tuned mass damper is installed on a structural column generating resonance (the installation direction is based on the consistency of the first bolt and the vibration direction), and the response of the factory building structure in the normal running state of the unit is tested again;
fifteenth, reading the structural response of the vibration damping structure of the tuned mass damper by using data acquisition equipment to obtain an acceleration response peak value of the vibration damping structure;
sixteenth, comparing the structural response of the vibration reduction structure and the original structure to judge the vibration reduction effect of the tuned mass damper in the pumped storage power station factory building structure.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the vibration control device and the control method for the pumped storage power station factory building structure comprise manufacturing of a tuned mass damper and a control method of the vibration device. The device includes two counter weight steel plates, mounting fixture, spring steel plate and two connecting plates, and spring steel plate's one end and counter weight steel plate bolted connection, the other end and mounting fixture bolted connection have overcome the limit that tuning mass damper spring rigidity is not enough and multiunit spring high frequency vibration is difficult to coordinate down in the past, adjust mass damper's operating frequency through adjusting counter weight steel plate's position and quality to install it on factory building structure with suppressing high frequency vibration and ensure structural safety. The device is simple and reliable, is not limited by structural space, greatly improves construction efficiency and saves cost. By connecting the fixing clamp with the clamp side plate, control of the tuned mass damper device in both directions is achieved. Based on the vibration characteristics of the pumped storage power station factory building, the frequency of a set vibration source is far higher than the fundamental frequency of a factory building structure, but frequency aliasing exists between the set vibration source and a high-order vibration mode of the factory building structure, and local abnormal vibration of the factory building structure is easy to cause. The invention provides a method for obtaining modal parameters of a factory building structure and a vibration source by adopting modal parameter identification, arranging a tuned mass damper device in the factory building structure by a vibration control method, and testing vibration signals by normal working condition operation of a machine set. In the data acquisition process, the response value of the device is read and analyzed by utilizing data acquisition equipment, and the vibration reduction effect of the factory building structure of the tuned mass damper under normal operation of the unit can be judged. The vibration damper and the vibration control method are applicable to the existing pumped storage power station factory building structure, and have the advantages of simple structure, simple and convenient construction and low manufacturing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a pumped storage power plant structure vibration control device.
Fig. 2 is a structural elevation view of a pumped storage power plant structural vibration control device.
Fig. 3 is a structural plan view of a vibration control device for a pumped storage power station plant structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of a spring steel plate.
Fig. 5 is a structural view of a spring steel plate.
Fig. 6 is a top view of a pumped storage power plant structure vibration bi-directional control device.
Fig. 7 is a technical scheme diagram of a vibration control method of a pumped storage power station plant structure.
FIG. 8 is a graph of structural response time course under swept excitation of a structural model.
FIG. 9 is a graph of a structural spectrum under excitation of a structural model sweep.
FIG. 10 is a graph of acceleration response time course under sinusoidal excitation of a structural model.
FIG. 11 is a graph of acceleration response time course under sinusoidal excitation of a vibration damping structure.
In the figure: 1. the spring steel plate, 1a, an elongated screw hole, 1b, a bolt hole, 2, a counterweight steel plate, 3, a fixed clamp, 3a, a clamp side plate, 3b, a connecting plate, 3c, a connecting groove, 4, a first bolt, 4a, a first bolt hole, 5, a second bolt, 5a, a second bolt hole, 6 and a third bolt.
Specific embodiments:
fig. 1-6 show schematic diagrams of a vibration control device for a pumped storage power station plant structure. The novel counterweight steel plate comprises two counterweight steel plates 2, a fixing clamp 3, a spring steel plate 1 and two connecting plates 3b, wherein two long screw holes 1a are formed in one end of the spring steel plate 1, two screw holes 1b are formed in the other end of the spring steel plate, four symmetrical first screw holes 4a are formed in the counterweight steel plate 2, the long screw holes 1a are connected with the first screw holes 4a through first bolts 4, the fixing clamp 3 is of a U-shaped structure, two connecting grooves 3c are formed in three outer side surfaces, one side, with second screw holes 5a, of each connecting plate 3b is connected with the corresponding screw holes 1b through second bolts 5, and the other side of each connecting plate is clamped into the corresponding connecting groove 3c.
The device also comprises a clamp side plate 3a, wherein two connecting grooves 3c are formed in the outer side face of the clamp side plate 3a, the clamp side plate 3a is connected with the fixed clamp 3 through a third bolt 6, and when the spring steel plate 1 is connected with the three side faces of the fixed clamp 3 and the clamp side plate 3a, the high-frequency vibration control device capable of controlling two directions is formed.
The device adjusts the natural vibration frequency through the horizontal rigidity of the spring steel plate 1 and the mass change of the counterweight steel plate 2, the horizontal rigidity of the spring steel plate 1 is adjusted through the different connecting positions of the long screw holes 1a and the counterweight steel plate 2, and the counterweight steel plate 2 can be a steel plate with different mass and density.
The technical route of the vibration control method for the pumped storage power station factory building structure provided by the invention is shown in fig. 7, and the following steps are adopted:
firstly, arranging an acceleration sensor on a factory building structure, and identifying modal parameters of the factory building structure through vibration signals;
step two, under the normal running state of the unit, reading the response of the factory building structure by using data acquisition equipment and performing frequency domain analysis to obtain the modal parameters of the vibration source and the vibration source frequency f;
thirdly, identifying the resonance position of the factory building structure and the vibration source according to the modal parameter information of the factory building structure and the vibration source and the acceleration time-course response of each measuring point;
fourthly, analyzing modal parameters corresponding to the high-order vibration mode, and determining a mass ratio mu of the tuned mass damper to modal mass corresponding to the controlled high-order vibration mode;
fifth step, through mass ratioDetermining the mass m of the tuned mass damper;
sixth, determining tuning frequency of tuning mass damper by optimal tuning frequency ratio，/>；
Seventh, designing a tuned mass damper device suitable for a pumped storage power station plant structure;
eighth step, the structural size, length L, height h and width b of the spring steel plate (1) and the equivalent rigidity are determinedEquivalent mass->Wherein the moment of inertia->The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the But->Thus there are；
Step nine, the cross-sectional dimension of the spring steel plate 1 is calculated according to the formula of the previous step, and the length L of the spring steel plate 1 is further determined;
a tenth step of connecting the fixture side plate 3a with the fixing fixture 3 through a third bolt 6 to fix the fixing fixture 3 on the structural column;
eleventh step, combining the spring steel plate 1 and the counterweight steel plate 2 together through the first bolt 4 to form a tuned mass damper device;
twelfth, the spring steel plate 1, the counterweight steel plate 2 and the fixed clamp 3 are connected into a whole through a second bolt 5;
thirteenth, testing the self-vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper by a knocking test method or other modal test methods, and tuning the self-vibration frequency of the damper by adjusting the connection position of the counterweight steel plate 2 and the spring steel plate 1 and the mass of the counterweight steel plate 2;
fourteenth step, the tuned mass damper is installed on a structural column generating resonance (the installation direction is based on the consistency of the first bolt 4 and the vibration direction), and the response of the factory building structure in the normal running state of the unit is tested again;
fifteenth, reading the structural response of the vibration damping structure of the tuned mass damper by using data acquisition equipment to obtain an acceleration response peak value of the vibration damping structure;
sixteenth, comparing the structural response of the vibration reduction structure and the original structure to judge the vibration reduction effect of the tuned mass damper in the pumped storage power station factory building structure.
According to the vibration control device and the vibration control method for the pumped storage power station factory building structure, the tuned mass damper is independently designed and installed on the factory building structure, and the vibration reduction effect of the tuned mass damper on the factory building structure under normal operation of the unit can be judged by collecting and analyzing data differences of the response of the structure before and after vibration reduction. The invention solves the problems of high reinforcement cost, difficult construction, insignificant effect and the like of the traditional structure and provides effective guarantee for the vibration problem of the pumped storage power station factory building structure.
Example analysis
Based on the vibration characteristics of the pumped storage power station plant structure, a group of vibration reduction control model tests suitable for the plant structure are designed.
The structural model consists of two layers of steel frame structures, and the electromagnetic vibration table simulates the unit vibration of the pumped storage power station plant in the normal running state.
Based on the vibration characteristics of the pumped storage power station plant unit vibration source, frequency aliasing exists between the unit vibration source frequency and the high-order vibration mode of the plant structure, so that the test considers that the high-order vibration mode of the structure model is determined through a mode identification means, and the electromagnetic vibration table is used for outputting a sine signal with the frequency corresponding to the high-order vibration mode. At this time, the excitation frequency overlaps with the high order mode of the structural model to further amplify the structural response. In order to suppress the structural response of the structural model, vibration damping control techniques are applied to reduce the structural vibration response.
The structure is subjected to modal parameter identification by applying a sweep frequency vibration signal, the response of the structure is read by using data acquisition equipment and is shown in fig. 8, and frequency domain transformation is carried out on the response, so that a frequency domain curve of a structure model is obtained and is shown in fig. 9, and each order of vibration mode of the structure model is observed.
The test result is analyzed to obtain the fundamental frequency of the structural model as 16.94Hz, and the 111.3Hz corresponding to the high-order vibration mode of the structure is selected as the output parameter of the vibration source based on the coupling characteristic of the unit vibration source and the high-order vibration mode. The output of the vibration table is set to be 111.3Hz sine wave, the structural model is subjected to signal excitation, and the acceleration time course curve of the top layer of the structure under excitation of the vibration table is read through the data acquisition device, as shown in fig. 10. From the response of the structural model, it can be seen that the structural response is amplified by the interaction of the vibration source with the higher order modes of the structure, and therefore the next consideration is to use tuned mass damper vibration reduction devices to reduce the structural response.
Currently, common tuned mass dampers are widely applied to low-frequency vibration control of high-rise structures and large-span bridge structures, wherein coil springs are adopted as stiffness units. While for structures with higher vibration frequencies, coil springs are insufficient to provide a sufficient spring rate for tuned mass dampers. It is therefore contemplated to use leaf springs instead of coil springs for the purpose of tuning higher frequency vibrations. The mass block is symmetrically connected to one side of the spring steel plate by adopting metal with higher density, and the other side of the mass block is connected to the top layer column of the structure through a fixing clamp.
The tuned mass damper device first selected a mass ratio μ of 2% and determined the mass of the weighted steel plate to be 160g. Tuning the natural frequency of a mass damper deviceDetermined as follows:
obtaining the natural vibration frequencyIs 109.11Hz. According to the natural frequency of tuned mass damper device>The cross-sectional dimension of the spring steel plate is calculated in trial. Wherein the elastic modulus E=200GPa and the density rho=7.8 g/cm of the spring steel plate 3 。
The length, width and height of the spring steel plate are calculated according to a self-vibration frequency formula and are respectively L=80 mm, b=30 mm and h=3 mm.
In order to verify the vibration reduction effect of the tuned mass damper, the vibration reduction model is subjected to signal excitation by setting the sine wave with the output frequency of 111.3Hz of the vibration table, and the acceleration time course curve of the top layer of the structure under excitation of the vibration table is read by using the data acquisition device, as shown in fig. 11. By comparing the acceleration time-course response of the structural model and the vibration damping model, the vibration damping model structural response of the tuned mass damper device can be obviously reduced by 37% compared with the original structural model response. Therefore, the pumped storage power plant structure vibration control device based on the tuned mass damper can effectively inhibit structure vibration, and provides a new thought for solving the problem of the pumped storage power plant structure vibration.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a pumped storage power station factory building structure vibration control device, controlling means includes mounting fixture (3), its characterized in that: the control device further comprises a spring steel plate (1), a counterweight steel plate (2) and a connecting plate (3 b), wherein two long screw holes (1 a) are formed in one end of the spring steel plate (1), and a bolt hole (1 b) is formed in the other end of the spring steel plate; the counterweight steel plate (2) is provided with a first bolt hole (4 a), the fixing clamp (3) adopts a U-shaped structure, an opening of the U-shaped structure is fixedly connected with a clamp side plate (3 a), each outer side surface of the fixing clamp (3) and each outer side surface of the clamp side plate (3 a) are respectively provided with a connecting groove (3 c) fixedly connected with a connecting plate (3 b), and the connecting plate (3 b) is provided with a second bolt hole (5 a); one end of the spring steel plate (1) is inserted between the two connecting plates (3 b) and fixed by using a second bolt (5), and two sides of the other end of the spring steel plate (1) are respectively provided with a counterweight steel plate (2) and then fixed by using a first bolt (4); when spring steel plates (1) are connected to three side surfaces of a fixing clamp (3) and a clamp side plate (3 a), a high-frequency vibration control device based on a tuned mass damper for controlling two directions is formed.
2. The pumped storage power plant structure vibration control device according to claim 1, wherein: the first bolt (4) passes through a first bolt hole (4 a) on the counterweight steel plate (2) and an elongated screw hole (1 a) on the spring steel plate (1).
3. The pumped storage power plant structure vibration control device according to claim 1, wherein: the second bolt (5) passes through a second bolt hole (5 a) on the connecting plate (3 b) and a bolt hole (1 b) on the spring steel plate (1).
4. The pumped storage power plant structure vibration control device according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting plate (3 b) is fixed in the connecting groove (3 c) by adopting a welding structure.
5. The pumped storage power plant structure vibration control device according to claim 1, wherein: the fixture side plate (3 a) is fixed at the opening of the U-shaped structure of the fixed fixture (3) by adopting a third bolt (6).
6. The control method of a vibration control device for a pumped storage power plant structure according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
firstly, arranging an acceleration sensor on a factory building structure, and identifying modal parameters of the factory building structure through vibration signals;
step two, under the normal running state of the unit, reading the response of the factory building structure by using data acquisition equipment and performing frequency domain analysis to obtain the modal parameters of the vibration source and the vibration source frequency f;
thirdly, identifying the resonance position of the factory building structure and the vibration source according to the modal parameter information of the factory building structure and the vibration source and the acceleration time-course response of each measuring point;
fourthly, analyzing modal parameters corresponding to the high-order vibration mode, and determining a mass ratio mu of the tuned mass damper to modal mass corresponding to the controlled high-order vibration mode;
fifthly, determining the mass m of the tuned mass damper through a mass ratio mu;
sixth, determining the self-vibration frequency f of the tuned mass damper through the optimal tuning frequency ratio T ，
Seventh, designing a tuned mass damper device suitable for the pumped storage power station factory building;
eighth, the structural dimensions of the spring steel plate (1), length L, height h and width b, equivalent stiffness kx=2.133 EIL, equivalent mass m are determined * ＝0.155ρbhL 5 +0.833mL 4 Wherein the moment of inertiaBut->Thus there is
Step nine, calculating the cross section size of the spring steel plate (1) according to the formula in the previous step, and further determining the length L of the spring steel plate (1);
a tenth step of connecting the fixture side plate (3 a) with the fixing fixture (3) through a third bolt (6) and fixing the fixing fixture (3) on the structural column;
eleventh step, the spring steel plate (1) and the counterweight steel plate (2) are combined together through the first bolt (4) to form the tuning mass
A damper device;
a twelfth step of connecting the spring steel plate (1) to a connecting plate (3 b) on the side surface of the fixed clamp (3) through a second bolt (5);
thirteenth, testing the self-vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper by a knocking test method or other modal test methods, and tuning the self-vibration frequency of the damper by adjusting the connection position of the counterweight steel plate (2) and the spring steel plate (1) and the mass of the counterweight steel plate (2);
fourteenth step, the tuned mass damper is installed on a structural column generating resonance, the installation direction is in accordance with the vibration direction of the first bolt (4), and the response of the factory building structure in the normal running state of the unit is tested again;
fifteenth, reading the structural response of the vibration damping structure of the tuned mass damper by using data acquisition equipment to obtain an acceleration response peak value of the vibration damping structure;
sixteenth, comparing the structural response of the vibration reduction structure and the original structure to judge the vibration reduction effect of the tuned mass damper in the pumped storage power station factory building structure.
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| CN104500632A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-08 | 华北水利水电大学 | Tuned mass damper for vibration-damping experiment of structure model and design method |
| KR20160122956A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2016-10-25 | 전금석 | Multiaction-type Plate Steel Damper |
| CN104929268A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-09-23 | 大连理工大学 | Frequency continuously adjustable mass damper |
| JP2018044397A (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2018-03-22 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Vibration damping device |
| CN210105016U (en) * | 2019-01-06 | 2020-02-21 | 大连理工大学 | Pumped storage power station factory building structure vibration control device |
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| CN109518826A (en) | 2019-03-26 |
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