CN109518809B - Three-hinged arch - Google Patents
Three-hinged arch Download PDFInfo
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- CN109518809B CN109518809B CN201811615832.9A CN201811615832A CN109518809B CN 109518809 B CN109518809 B CN 109518809B CN 201811615832 A CN201811615832 A CN 201811615832A CN 109518809 B CN109518809 B CN 109518809B
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- arch
- embedded
- wedge
- steel plate
- reinforcing ribs
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 210000003108 foot joint Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a three-hinged arch, which comprises two half arches, two arch foot joints and an arch crown joint, wherein the two half arches are identical in size, a bottom plate and a reinforcing rib are arranged on each half arch, anchor bars are arranged on each bottom plate and each reinforcing rib, lower reinforcing bars are arranged in the bottom plate, the reinforcing ribs are arranged on the bottom plate in a through length mode along the span direction of the half arches, the half arches are provided with an arch crown and an arch foot, the arch arches of the two half arches are connected together through the arch crown joint to form an arch, the arch foot joints of the arch feet of the two half arches are fixedly connected with corresponding arch seats, a wedge-shaped thrust support is used between the arch foot and each arch seat as a force transmission device, the arch crown is used as a positioning and shearing resisting device through a pin shaft by arranging an embedded steel plate. The invention also provides a method for installing the three-hinged arch. The invention has simple structure and strong tolerance capability, and is quick and rapid in field assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a three-hinged arch.
Background
As is well known, in engineering practice, when half-arch construction is performed by using a superposition construction process, a three-hinged arch structure is mostly adopted for the prefabricated portion. In the prior art, a plurality of nodes of the three-hinge arch are connected by adopting a mode of hinge points, the hinge device is difficult to adjust gaps and positions when being used as a bottom die of a superposed structure, the precision requirement on an arch base is very high, and meanwhile, the posture of the arch is difficult to adjust, so that the working efficiency is lower.
Thus, there is a need for a three-hinged arch that is easy to install while the position is easily adjustable.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention proposes a three-hinged arch to solve the problem of the prior art when the three-hinged arch is assembled.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention proposes a three-hinged arch, comprising two half-arches, two arch leg nodes and a arch crown node, wherein one end of one of the half-arches is connected with one end of the other half-arch through the arch crown node, the other end of each half-arch comprises an arch leg end face, and the arch leg end face of each half-arch is connected with the arch seat end face of an arch seat through one of the arch leg nodes respectively;
each half arch comprises a half arch base plate and reinforcing ribs which are arranged on the base plate in a through length manner along the span direction of the half arch;
each arch leg node comprises an arch leg node embedded part and a wedge-shaped thrust support;
the arch foot node embedded part comprises an arch seat embedded part and an arch foot embedded part;
the arch seat embedded part is arranged on the arch seat end surface, and the arch foot embedded part is arranged on the arch foot end surface;
the arch seat embedded part and the arch foot embedded part are connected through the wedge-shaped thrust support;
one end of each of the two half arches connected with each other comprises an arch top end surface, each arch top node comprises a positioning component and a plurality of opposite-pull fixing devices, and the positioning components are arranged between the two arch top end surfaces of the two half arches and used for positioning and matching the two arch top end surfaces;
the opposite-pulling fixing device is used for connecting and fixing the two vault end faces.
Optionally, the arch springing embedded part comprises a first embedded steel plate, the first embedded steel plate is embedded in the arch springing end face, and the exposed surface of the first embedded steel plate is flush with the arch springing end face;
the arch seat embedded part comprises a second embedded steel plate, the second embedded steel plate is embedded on the arch seat end surface, and the exposed surface of the second embedded steel plate is flush with the arch seat end surface;
the first embedded steel plate is connected with the second embedded steel plate through the wedge-shaped thrust support.
Optionally, the number of the first pre-buried steel plates is a plurality of and equal to the number of the reinforcing ribs, the number of the second pre-buried steel plates is a plurality of and equal to the number of the reinforcing ribs, and the number of the wedge-shaped thrust supports is a plurality of and equal to the number of the reinforcing ribs.
Optionally, the wedge-shaped thrust support comprises a wedge-shaped upper block and a wedge-shaped lower block, and the wedge-shaped upper block and the wedge-shaped lower block are provided with a contact surface capable of enabling the wedge-shaped upper block and the wedge-shaped lower block to slide back and forth; the other surface of the wedge-shaped upper block opposite to the contact surface is connected with the first embedded steel plate; the other surface of the wedge-shaped lower block opposite to the contact surface is connected with the second embedded steel plate;
the contact surfaces of the wedge-shaped upper block and the wedge-shaped lower block are equal in shape and size.
Optionally, the projection of the wedge-shaped upper block along the direction perpendicular to the first embedded steel plate falls onto the first embedded steel plate;
the projection of the wedge-shaped lower block along the direction perpendicular to the second embedded steel plate falls onto the second embedded steel plate.
Optionally, the number of the reinforcing ribs is multiple, a positioning assembly is arranged between the two vault end faces, the number of the reinforcing ribs is twice that of the positioning assembly, and the number of the positioning assemblies is equal to that of the reinforcing ribs;
the number of the opposite-pull fixing devices is twice that of the reinforcing ribs, and the opposite-pull fixing devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the reinforcing ribs with respect to the positioning assembly.
Optionally, the positioning assembly comprises two third embedded steel plates, a plurality of embedded pin pieces and a pin shaft;
a plurality of round holes are formed in the center of the third embedded steel plate, the end face of the vault is inwards recessed to form first blind holes, embedded pin pieces are respectively arranged in each first blind hole, and the number of the round holes is equal to that of the first blind holes;
the two third embedded steel plates are embedded in the two opposite vault end surfaces, each round hole and each first blind hole are concentrically aligned to form a second blind hole, and the diameter of each round hole is larger than that of each first blind hole;
the embedded pin piece is tubular, one end of the embedded pin piece is closed, an opening is reserved at the other end of the embedded pin piece, one end of the embedded pin piece, which is open, is aligned and connected with a round hole of the third embedded steel plate, and one closed end of the embedded pin piece is placed in the second blind hole;
the pin shaft is arranged in the embedded pin piece.
Optionally, the third pre-buried steel plate has two central lines, one of which coincides with the bending central line of the half arch, and the other coincides with the vertical central line of the half arch reinforcing rib.
Optionally, each of the vault end faces is provided with a plurality of third embedded steel plates, and the number of the third embedded steel plates is equal to the number of the reinforcing ribs.
Optionally, the split fixing device comprises a split bolt, two locking nuts and two anchoring supports;
two opposite reinforcing ribs on the two half arches are respectively provided with one anchoring support, and the two anchoring supports are symmetrically arranged;
a through hole is formed in each of the two anchoring supports along the extending direction of the reinforcing rib;
the split bolt penetrates through the two through holes, and two ends of the split bolt are fixed through the two locking nuts, so that the two anchoring supports are connected and fixed.
The three-hinged arch is used as a prefabricated part of a superposed half arch, the joints of the three-hinged arch comprise a left arc leg joint, a right arc leg joint and a vault joint, the two half arches of the three-hinged arch have the same size, and the half arches can be prefabricated in a factory. By using the wedge-shaped thrust support as a positioning force transfer device between the arch springing and the arch abutment, the arch crown uses the embedded steel plate as the force transfer device, and the pin roll as the positioning and shearing resisting device. The structure provided by the invention can enable the three-hinged arch to be simple in structure type, high in installation efficiency and strong in tolerance capability during engineering application, and is rapid and quick during on-site assembly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-hinged arch structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a typical hinge construction;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a half arch;
FIG. 4 is a schematic elevational view of the construction of the arch springing node;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the construction of the arch springing node of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a wedge thrust bearing;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a dome node construction;
FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of the dome node construction of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of a split bolt;
1-arch foot joints, 2-prefabricated half arch, 3-arch foot joints, 4-arch seats, 5-pin hole seats, 6-arch feet, 7-pin shafts, 8-bottom plates, 9-bottom plate anchor bars, 10-reinforcing ribs, 11-reinforcing bars, 12-upper reinforcing bars in the arch seats, 13-upper embedded bar connectors in the arch seats, 14-arch seat end faces, 15-second embedded steel plates, 16-wedge thrust bearings, 17-reinforcing rib chamfer angles, 18-first embedded steel plates, 19-arch foot end faces, 20-lower reserved connectors in the arch seats, 21-lower reinforcing bars in the arch seats, 22-positioning pins, 23-third embedded steel plates, 24-arch end face embedded sleeves, 25-arch end face template clamping grooves, 26-arch end face gap templates, 27-arch end faces, 28-split fixing devices, 29-split bolt seats, 30-washers, 31-locking nuts, 32-split bolts, 33-baffles, 34-wedge upper blocks and 35-wedge lower blocks.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. Advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent from the following description and from the claims. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the three-hinged arch structure proposed by the present invention is a prefabricated part used as a superposed half arch, and comprises two half arches, two arch foot nodes 1 and a arch crown node 3, wherein one end of one half arch is connected with one end of the other half arch through the arch crown node 3, the other end of each half arch comprises an arch foot end face 19, and the arch foot end face 19 of each half arch is respectively connected with an arch seat end face 14 of an arch seat through one arch foot node 1.
Each half arch comprises a half arch base plate 8 and reinforcing ribs 10 which are arranged on the base plate 8 in a through length mode along the span direction of the half arch, each arch foot node 1 comprises an arch foot node embedded part and a wedge-shaped thrust support 16, and the arch foot node embedded part comprises an arch seat embedded part and an arch foot embedded part.
The arch support embedded part is arranged on the arch support end face 14, the arch support embedded part is arranged on the arch support end face 19, and the arch support embedded part are connected through the wedge-shaped thrust support 16.
The two half-arch connecting ends comprise a vault end face 27, the vault node comprises a positioning assembly and a plurality of opposite-pull fixing devices 28, and the positioning assembly is arranged between the two vault end faces 27 of the two half-arches and used for positioning and matching the two vault end faces 27. The opposite-pulling fixing device 28 is used for connecting and fixing the two vault end faces 27.
Optionally, the arch springing embedded part comprises a first embedded steel plate 18, the first embedded steel plate 18 is embedded in the arch springing end surface 19, and the exposed surface of the first embedded steel plate 18 is flush with the arch springing end surface 19;
the arch seat embedded part comprises a second embedded steel plate 15, the second embedded steel plate 15 is embedded on the arch seat end face 14, and the exposed surface of the second embedded steel plate 15 is flush with the arch seat end face 14.
The first embedded steel plate 18 is connected with the second embedded steel plate 15 through the wedge-shaped thrust support 16.
Optionally, the number of the first pre-buried steel plates 18 is plural and equal to the number of the reinforcing ribs 10, the number of the second pre-buried steel plates 15 is plural and equal to the number of the reinforcing ribs 10, and the number of the wedge-shaped thrust bearings 16 is plural and equal to the number of the reinforcing ribs 10.
Optionally, the wedge thrust support 16 includes a wedge upper block 34 and a wedge lower block 35, where the wedge upper block 34 and the wedge lower block 35 each have a contact surface that can slide the wedge upper block 34 and the wedge lower block 35 back and forth. The other surface of the wedge-shaped upper block 34 opposite to the contact surface is connected with the first embedded steel plate 18; the other surface of the wedge-shaped lower block 35 opposite to the contact surface is connected to the second pre-buried steel plate 15. The contact surfaces of the wedge-shaped upper block 34 and the wedge-shaped lower block 35 are equal in shape and size.
Alternatively, the projection of the wedge-shaped upper block 34 along the direction perpendicular to the first pre-buried steel plate 18 falls onto the first pre-buried steel plate 18, and the projection of the wedge-shaped lower block 35 along the direction perpendicular to the second pre-buried steel plate 15 falls onto the second pre-buried steel plate 15.
Optionally, a plurality of reinforcing ribs 10 are provided, and a positioning assembly is disposed between two dome end faces 27, wherein the number of reinforcing ribs 10 is twice that of the positioning assemblies, and the number of positioning assemblies is equal to that of the reinforcing ribs 10.
The number of the pair of pull fixing devices 28 is twice the number of the reinforcing ribs 10, and the pair of pull fixing devices 28 are symmetrically disposed at both sides of the reinforcing ribs 10 with respect to the positioning assembly.
Optionally, the positioning assembly includes two third pre-buried steel plates 23, a plurality of pre-buried pin pieces and round pin axle 7, third pre-buried steel plate 23 center department is provided with a plurality of round holes, vault terminal surface 27 inwards caves in and forms a first blind hole, every set up a pre-buried pin piece in the first blind hole respectively, the round hole quantity with first blind hole quantity equals.
Two third pre-buried steel plates 23 are buried on two opposite vault end faces 27, and each round hole is concentrically aligned with each first blind hole to form a second blind hole, and the diameter of the round hole is larger than that of the first blind hole.
The embedded pin piece is tubular, one end of the embedded pin piece is closed, an opening is reserved at the other end of the embedded pin piece, one end of the embedded pin piece opening is aligned and connected with a round hole of the third embedded steel plate 23, and one closed end of the embedded pin piece is placed in the second blind hole. The pin shaft 7 is arranged in the embedded pin member.
Alternatively, the third pre-buried steel plate 23 has two central lines, one of which coincides with the curved central line of the half arch and the other coincides with the vertical central line of the half arch reinforcing rib 10.
Alternatively, each of the dome end surfaces 27 is provided with a plurality of third pre-buried steel plates 23, and the number of the third pre-buried steel plates 23 is equal to the number of the reinforcing ribs 10.
Optionally, the split fixing device 28 includes a split bolt, two locking nuts 31 and two anchor supports, where one anchor support is disposed on each of the two opposite reinforcing ribs 10 on the two half arches, and the two anchor supports are symmetrically disposed.
Two anchor supports are provided with a through hole along the extending direction of the reinforcing rib 10, the split bolt 32 passes through the two through holes, and two ends of the split bolt 32 are fixed by two locking nuts 31, so that the two anchor supports are connected and fixed.
In this embodiment, the two half-arches of the three-hinged arch have the same size, and may be manufactured in a factory prefabricated manner, so that the accuracy of the shape and size of the two half-arches may be ensured. As shown in fig. 3, the cross section of the half arch is schematically shown, the cross section of the bottom plate 8 of the half arch is rectangular, the cross section of the reinforcing rib 10 of the half arch is rectangular, the upper parts Fang Junfen of the bottom plate 8 and the reinforcing rib 10 are provided with anchor bars 9, and the inner part of the bottom plate 8 is provided with lower reinforcing bars 11 of the half arch. The reinforcing ribs 10 are arranged in the span direction of the half arch in a full length way, the starting points of the reinforcing ribs 10 are positioned on the arch foot end surfaces, and the ending points of the reinforcing ribs are positioned on the arch crown end surfaces.
In the embodiment, a wedge-shaped thrust support is used as a positioning force transmission device between the arch foot 6 and the arch base 4, an embedded steel plate is used as the force transmission device, and a pin shaft 7 is used as a positioning and shearing device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the arch springing node structure, and fig. 5 is a schematic top view of fig. 4. The arch bar joint is formed by an arch bar coupling surface, an embedded part and a wedge-shaped thrust support 16. The abutment surface is formed by an abutment surface 14 and an abutment surface 19, the abutment surface 14 and the abutment surface 19 being spatially parallel to each other and the axis of the arch being perpendicular to the two surfaces. The gap between the abutment end surfaces and the abutment end surfaces in this example is set to 60mm. The abutment end surfaces 14 may be formed by in situ molding, in situ casting, or the like, and the abutment end surfaces 19 may be formed by factory prefabrication, or the like, without limitation to the manner in which the two end surfaces are formed.
The embedded parts comprise arch foot node embedded parts and arch foot embedded parts. The arch foot node embedded part comprises a second embedded steel plate 15 and an arch seat embedded steel bar connector, and the arch foot embedded part only comprises a first embedded steel plate 18. In this embodiment, the thickness of the second pre-buried steel plate 14 is set to 20mm, the exposed surface of the square steel plate of the pre-buried steel plate 14 is flush with the arch abutment end surface 14, the horizontal center line of the square steel plate coincides with the bending center line of the half arch, and the vertical center line of the square steel plate coincides with the vertical center line of the reinforcing rib 10 of the half arch. The number of the second embedded steel plates 15 is equal to that of the half-arch reinforcing ribs 10. In this embodiment, the arch seat embedded bar connector is divided into an upper group connector 13 and a lower group connector 20, wherein the upper group connector 13 is mainly responsible for connecting the bar of the half-arch cast-in-situ part, and the lower group connector 20 is mainly responsible for connecting the bar 11 of the prefabricated part of the arch shell mechanism. The number of the upper assembling connectors 13 is equal to the number of the reinforcing steel bars of the half-arch cast-in-situ part; the number of the lower set of connectors 20 is equal to the number of the reinforcing bars 11 of the prefabricated part of the shell. The thickness of the first embedded steel plate 18 is 20mm, the first embedded steel plate is square steel plate, the exposed surface of the first embedded steel plate is flush with the arch springing end surface 19, the horizontal central line of the first embedded steel plate coincides with the bending central line of the half arch, and the vertical central line of the first embedded steel plate coincides with the vertical central line of the reinforcing rib 10 of the half arch. The number of the first pre-buried steel plates 18 is equal to the number of the half arch reinforcing ribs 10. The size of the first pre-buried steel plate 18 and the size of the second pre-buried steel plate 15 may be completely equal.
As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic view of a wedge-shaped thrust bearing 16 of an arch foot node in the present embodiment. The wedge thrust bearing 16 is composed of a pair of upper wedge blocks 34 and lower wedge blocks 35 which can slide mutually, and the direction of the sliding of the upper wedge blocks 34 and the lower wedge blocks 35 is from top to bottom and is perpendicular to the axis of the arch. The wedge-shaped upper block 34 and wedge-shaped lower block 35 may be machined from steel blocks, typically at an oblique angle of no more than 3 °. The wedge-shaped thrust bearing 16 is arranged in a gap between the arch abutment end surface 14 and the arch leg end surface 19, the wedge-shaped upper block 34 is in contact with the second pre-embedded steel plate 15, and the wedge-shaped lower block 35 is in contact with the first pre-embedded steel plate 18. The bottom surfaces of the wedge-shaped upper block 34 and the wedge-shaped lower block 35 are square and equal in size, and the side lengths of the wedge-shaped upper block 34 and the wedge-shaped lower block are at least 10mm smaller than the side length of the embedded steel plate contacted with the wedge-shaped upper block and the wedge-shaped lower block. It should be noted that the number of wedge-shaped thrust bearings 16 is equal to the number of half-arch reinforcing ribs 10.
In this embodiment, the reinforcing ribs 10 have chamfers on the arch foot end face and the arch crown end face, the chamfer angle is 45 °, and the lowest point position of the chamfers is 20mm higher than the upper edge of the embedded steel plate. The number of reinforcing ribs 10 can be calculated from the width of the half arch. The installation space of the abutment joint is formed by the gap between the abutment face 14 and the abutment face 19 and the chamfer 17 of the rib 10 adjacent the abutment.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a dome node. It can be seen that the dome joint consists of a dome coupling surface, a dome end surface embedment, a positioning pin 22, a pull-up fastening 28, a mounting groove 25 and a slot form 26. The dome coupling surface consists of dome end surfaces 27 of the half-arch on both sides, both of the dome end surfaces 27 being parallel to each other and the axis of the arch being perpendicular to both end surfaces. The gap between the two dome end faces may be set to 20mm. The vault face embedded part comprises a third embedded steel plate 23 and an embedded pin 24. The thickness of the third pre-buried steel plate 23 in this embodiment is set to 20mm, the exposed surface of which is parallel to the dome end surface 27 and is 10mm higher than the dome end surface, the horizontal center line of which coincides with the curved center line of the half arch, and the vertical center line of which coincides with the vertical center line of the reinforcing rib 10 of the half arch. The third embedded steel plate 23 is a square steel plate with a round hole at the center, and the diameter of the round hole is 1mm larger than that of the pin shaft. The number of third pre-buried steel plates 23 is equal to the number of half-arch reinforcing ribs 10. The embedded pin piece 24 is located behind the third embedded steel plate 23, is made of steel into a tube shape, one end of the embedded pin piece is closed, the other end of the embedded pin piece 24 is provided with an opening, the opening end of the embedded pin piece is connected with the embedded surface of the third embedded steel plate, and the closed end of the embedded pin piece is embedded into concrete. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the embedded pin member 24 is the same as the central hole on the third embedded steel plate 23, and the center of the embedded pin member 24 is concentric with the central hole on the third embedded steel plate 23. It should be noted that the third pre-buried steel plate 23 and the pre-buried pin member 24 are welded before pre-buried, and then simultaneously placed in the mold before the concrete is poured in the factory. The number of the embedded pin pieces 24 is equal to the number of the half-arch reinforcing ribs 1-0.
The locating pins 22 of the dome nodes can be made of steel and machined, and have chamfers on both end surfaces, and the number of the locating pins is equal to that of the half-arch reinforcing ribs. It should be noted that the length of the positioning pin 22 is only half of the thickness of the third embedded steel plate 23, and the positioning pin has positioning and shearing functions. The reserved reinforcing bars of the end face of the vault in this embodiment may be the only reinforcing bars 11 of the lower group.
The opposite-pulling fixing device 28 of the vault end face comprises an opposite-pulling bolt 32, two locking nuts 31, two gaskets 30 and two anchoring supports 33, the opposite-pulling fixing device is arranged on the side edge of the reinforcing rib 10, and the center line of the opposite-pulling fixing device 28 coincides with the center line of the positioning pin shaft 22. The two anchor supports 33 of the pull-up fastening device 28 are arranged on the same side of the reinforcement rib 10 on the left and right of the dome joint, wherein the anchor supports 33 are fastened to the reinforcement rib 10, the distance between the edge of the anchor supports and the end face of the reinforcement rib being 10mm. The lower parts of the left vault end face and the right vault end face are respectively provided with a mounting groove, the two mounting grooves are arranged at the same height, and the slit template is arranged in the mounting grooves; the installation space of the dome joint is formed by the gap between the dome end surfaces on both sides and the chamfer of the reinforcing rib 10 in the vicinity of the dome. The three-hinged arch with the structure overcomes the defects of the traditional pin hole shaft type hinge point in the assembly of the large-span arch structure, has high installation efficiency and strong tolerance capability, and is rapid and quick in the field assembly.
The installation process of the vault node and the arch foot node in the structure is as follows:
s1, installing a vault node in an assembly area, wherein the assembly area is an area where two half arches are assembled into a whole arch;
and S2, installing arch springing joints in an assembling area, wherein the assembling area refers to an area where the whole arch is installed on the arch abutment.
Specifically, the step S1 includes:
s11, after the positioning and temporary fixing of the left half arch are completed in the assembly area, installing a pin shaft in a third embedded steel plate of the left half arch;
s12, assembling the right half arch;
s13, connecting lower reinforcing steel bars of the left half arch and the right half arch;
s14, installing the split bolt on the anchoring support;
and S15, finally, transversely fixing the whole arch after the installation.
Specifically, the step S2 includes:
s21, after the arch leg gaps of the two half arches are adjusted to the design value, installing wedge-shaped thrust bearings in the end face gaps of the two arch leg nodes;
s22, enabling the whole arch to contact with a transverse temporary fixing device of the transport vehicle and simultaneously giving vertical support;
s23, accurately adjusting the position of the whole arch by using a total station, and keeping the installation error of the whole arch within a design range;
s24, tightly propping up a gap between the wedge-shaped upper block and the arch springing by using a small wedge block;
s25, removing the vertical support of the transport vehicle, and enabling the whole arch to fall on a preset position.
Further, the step S21 includes:
s211, placing the wedge-shaped lower block, enabling the wedge-shaped lower block to be aligned with the center of the first embedded steel plate, and welding the wedge-shaped lower block on the first embedded steel plate;
s212, simultaneously placing the wedge-shaped upper blocks from top to bottom on the side edges of the left Bian Bangong and right half arches, enabling the friction surfaces of the wedge-shaped upper blocks and the wedge-shaped lower blocks to be kept in fit at all times, and simultaneously propping up the bottom surfaces of the wedge-shaped upper blocks and the arch foot end surfaces on the side edges of the left Bian Bangong and right half arches under the guidance of a total station;
and S213, adjusting the position of the whole arch by using the total station.
The assembling of the right half arch in the step S12 specifically includes: and inserting the pin shaft into a corresponding pin hole of the right half arch, and then abutting the third embedded steel plate of the left half arch with the third embedded steel plate of the right half arch.
In the step S213, the position of the arch is adjusted by the total station mainly: if the horizontal position of the whole arch is found to be right-biased, the jacking degree of the wedge-shaped upper block of the left arch leg node is loosened, and the jacking degree of the wedge-shaped upper block of the right arch leg node is increased until the right-biased is near the installation error median. If the horizontal position of the whole arch is found to be left-biased, the jacking degree of the wedge-shaped upper block of the right arch leg node is loosened, and the jacking degree of the wedge-shaped upper block of the left arch leg node is increased until the right-biased is near the installation error median.
In summary, the three-hinged arch provided by the invention is used as a prefabricated part of a superposed half-arch, the node of the three-hinged arch comprises a left arch leg node, a right arch leg node and a vault node, the two half-arches of the three-hinged arch have the same size, and the half-arches can be prefabricated in a factory. By using the wedge-shaped thrust support as a positioning force transfer device between the arch springing and the arch abutment, the arch crown uses the embedded steel plate as the force transfer device, and the pin roll as the positioning and shearing resisting device. The structure provided by the invention can enable the three-hinged arch to be simple in structure type, high in installation efficiency and strong in tolerance capability during engineering application, and is rapid and quick during on-site assembly.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any alterations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The three-hinged arch is characterized by comprising two half arches, two arch foot nodes and a vault node, wherein one end of one half arch is connected with one end of the other half arch through the vault node, the other end of each half arch comprises an arch foot end face, and the arch foot end face of each half arch is connected with the arch seat end face of an arch seat through one arch foot node respectively;
each half arch comprises a half arch base plate and reinforcing ribs which are arranged on the base plate in a through length manner along the span direction of the half arch;
each arch leg node comprises an arch leg node embedded part and a wedge-shaped thrust support;
the arch foot node embedded part comprises an arch seat embedded part and an arch foot embedded part;
the arch seat embedded part is arranged on the arch seat end surface, and the arch foot embedded part is arranged on the arch foot end surface;
the arch seat embedded part and the arch foot embedded part are connected through the wedge-shaped thrust support;
one end of each of the two half arches connected with each other comprises an arch top end surface, each arch top node comprises a positioning component and a plurality of opposite-pull fixing devices, and the positioning components are arranged between the two arch top end surfaces of the two half arches and used for positioning and matching the two arch top end surfaces;
the opposite-pulling fixing device is used for connecting and fixing the two vault end faces.
2. A three-hinged arch according to claim 1, wherein said arch foot embedment comprises a first pre-embedded steel plate embedded in said arch foot end surface and having an exposed surface flush with said arch foot end surface;
the arch seat embedded part comprises a second embedded steel plate, the second embedded steel plate is embedded on the arch seat end surface, and the exposed surface of the second embedded steel plate is flush with the arch seat end surface;
the first embedded steel plate is connected with the second embedded steel plate through the wedge-shaped thrust support.
3. The three-hinged arch according to claim 2, wherein the number of the first pre-buried steel plates is plural and equal to the number of the reinforcing ribs, the number of the second pre-buried steel plates is plural and equal to the number of the reinforcing ribs, and the number of the wedge-shaped thrust bearings is plural and equal to the number of the reinforcing ribs.
4. A three-hinged arch according to claim 3, wherein the wedge thrust support comprises an upper wedge block and a lower wedge block, each of which has a contact surface for sliding the upper and lower wedge blocks back and forth; the other surface of the wedge-shaped upper block opposite to the contact surface is connected with the first embedded steel plate; the other surface of the wedge-shaped lower block opposite to the contact surface is connected with the second embedded steel plate;
the contact surfaces of the wedge-shaped upper block and the wedge-shaped lower block are equal in shape and size.
5. The three-hinged arch according to claim 4, wherein the projection of the wedge-shaped upper block along the direction perpendicular to the first pre-buried steel plate falls onto the first pre-buried steel plate;
the projection of the wedge-shaped lower block along the direction perpendicular to the second embedded steel plate falls onto the second embedded steel plate.
6. A three-hinged arch according to claim 1, wherein the number of reinforcing ribs is plural, a positioning assembly is arranged between two of the arch end surfaces, the number of reinforcing ribs is twice that of the positioning assembly, and the number of positioning assemblies is equal to that of the reinforcing ribs;
the number of the opposite-pull fixing devices is twice that of the reinforcing ribs, and the opposite-pull fixing devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the reinforcing ribs with respect to the positioning assembly.
7. The three-hinged arch according to claim 6, wherein said positioning assembly comprises two third pre-embedded steel plates, a plurality of pre-embedded pin members and a pin shaft;
a plurality of round holes are formed in the center of the third embedded steel plate, the end face of the vault is inwards recessed to form first blind holes, embedded pin pieces are respectively arranged in each first blind hole, and the number of the round holes is equal to that of the first blind holes;
the two third embedded steel plates are embedded in the two opposite vault end surfaces, each round hole and each first blind hole are concentrically aligned to form a second blind hole, and the diameter of each round hole is larger than that of each first blind hole;
the embedded pin piece is tubular, one end of the embedded pin piece is closed, an opening is reserved at the other end of the embedded pin piece, one end of the embedded pin piece, which is open, is aligned and connected with a round hole of the third embedded steel plate, and one closed end of the embedded pin piece is placed in the second blind hole;
the pin shaft is arranged in the embedded pin piece.
8. A three-hinged arch according to claim 7, wherein said third pre-buried steel plate has two central lines, one of which coincides with the curved central line of said half-arch and the other coincides with the vertical central line of said half-arch reinforcing rib.
9. The three-hinged arch according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of third pre-buried steel plates are provided on each of the arch end surfaces, and the number of the third pre-buried steel plates is equal to the number of the reinforcing ribs.
10. The three-hinged arch according to claim 9, wherein said pull-to-pull fixing means comprises a pull-to-pull bolt, two locking nuts and two anchor supports;
two opposite reinforcing ribs on the two half arches are respectively provided with one anchoring support, and the two anchoring supports are symmetrically arranged;
a through hole is formed in each of the two anchoring supports along the extending direction of the reinforcing rib;
the split bolt penetrates through the two through holes, and two ends of the split bolt are fixed through the two locking nuts, so that the two anchoring supports are connected and fixed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811615832.9A CN109518809B (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Three-hinged arch |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811615832.9A CN109518809B (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Three-hinged arch |
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| CN109518809B true CN109518809B (en) | 2024-01-09 |
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| CN111231103B (en) * | 2020-03-07 | 2021-04-13 | 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 | Method for improving assembling precision of prefabricated three-hinged arch |
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| AU2016228964B2 (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2020-05-07 | Qld Steel Pty Ltd | Beam system and method of erecting a supporting arch |
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| CN1472408A (en) * | 2003-05-23 | 2004-02-04 | 浙江大学 | Whole forming method for cylindrical netting support with horizontal sliding structure |
| PL364340A1 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2005-07-11 | Wiesław Matusiak | Dismountable three-hinge vaulted hall |
| CN102605885A (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2012-07-25 | 张培聪 | Large-sized closed roof formed by light steel truss arch for building |
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