CN109518253B - High-adhesion and corrosion-resistant anodic oxidation method based on aluminum alloy surface - Google Patents
High-adhesion and corrosion-resistant anodic oxidation method based on aluminum alloy surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN109518253B CN109518253B CN201710838230.9A CN201710838230A CN109518253B CN 109518253 B CN109518253 B CN 109518253B CN 201710838230 A CN201710838230 A CN 201710838230A CN 109518253 B CN109518253 B CN 109518253B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/16—Pretreatment, e.g. desmutting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/08—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing inorganic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
- C25D11/24—Chemical after-treatment
- C25D11/246—Chemical after-treatment for sealing layers
Abstract
The invention provides a high-adhesion and corrosion-resistant anodic oxidation method based on an aluminum alloy surface, which comprises the following steps of: degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy in a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate and sodium carbonate; sequentially carrying out alkali washing, acid washing and ultrasonic cleaning on the degreased aluminum alloy surface; anodizing and cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy treated by the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and aluminum sulfate; and sealing the surface of the anodized aluminum alloy by using a mixed additive, and drying to obtain the anodized film on the surface of the aluminum alloy. The anodic oxide film based on the aluminum alloy surface prepared by the method is an oxide film with no powder hanging on the surface and the aperture of 2-20nm, and the volume of the oxide film expands due to hydration in the sealing process, so that the pores of the oxide film are in a porous form with blocked inside and opened surface, and the anodic oxide film has high adhesion and corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a metal surface treatment method, in particular to a high-adhesion and corrosion-resistant anodic oxidation method based on an aluminum alloy surface.
Background
Because of high specific strength, specific modulus, fracture toughness and corrosion resistance, aluminum alloys have been widely used in various industries, particularly in the fields of aerospace, rail transit and new energy automobiles, which have high requirements for light weight.
The application and connection of aluminum alloy are inseparable, and the connection mode among aluminum parts is such as welding, riveting, mechanical connection or gluing, wherein gluing is favored by people due to the advantages of small structural weight increment, short time, low cost, high efficiency, no new stress concentration generated by gluing components and the like;
the bonding strength depends on the cohesive strength of the adhesive on one hand and the bonding strength between the adhesive and the bonding material on the other hand; from the practical application perspective, the fracture surface of the adhesive layer mostly occurs at the interface between the adhesive layer and the bonding material, so that the adhesive layer can fully exert the self bonding performance only by improving the interface bonding strength between the adhesive and the bonding material.
In the prior art, the interface bonding strength between the adhesive and the aluminum alloy is improved by adopting an aluminum alloy anodizing method, because a porous anodic oxide film formed by the anodized aluminum alloy can permeate into the adhesive, a glue layer formed by high-temperature baking and curing can form 'pinning' in an oxide layer, so that the interface bonding strength between the adhesive and the aluminum alloy is greatly enhanced; however, since the pores of the porous oxide film are open, the penetration of an external corrosive medium such as Cl-or the like easily causes corrosion of the aluminum alloy.
Accordingly, there is a need to provide an improved method of anodizing existing aluminum alloys.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to meet the needs of the prior art, the invention provides a high-adhesion and corrosion-resistant anodic oxidation method based on an aluminum alloy surface; the prepared anodic oxide film based on the aluminum alloy surface is an oxide film with the surface free of powder hanging and the aperture of 2-20nm, and the anodic oxide film on the aluminum alloy surface is in a porous form with an internal plugging part and an open surface due to volume expansion in the oxidation process of the aluminum alloy, and has high adhesion and corrosion resistance.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-adhesion and corrosion-resistant anodic oxidation method based on an aluminum alloy surface comprises the following steps:
(1) degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy in a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate and sodium carbonate;
(2) sequentially carrying out alkali washing, acid washing and ultrasonic cleaning on the degreased aluminum alloy surface;
(3) anodizing and cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy treated by the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and aluminum sulfate;
(4) and sealing the surface of the anodized aluminum alloy by using a mixed additive, and drying to obtain the anodized film on the surface of the aluminum alloy.
Preferably, the mass volume concentration ratio of the sodium hydroxide, the sodium phosphate and the sodium carbonate in g/L is 5-10: 10-20: 20-40.
Preferably, the temperature and time of the degreasing treatment are 50-70 ℃ and 1-4min, respectively.
Preferably, the alkali washing comprises washing the surface of the aluminum alloy with 60-100g/L of sodium hydroxide at 65-75 ℃ for 1-3 min.
Preferably, the pickling comprises cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy with 160-200g/L sulfuric acid at 10-30 ℃ for 4-20 min.
Preferably, the ultrasonic cleaning comprises ultrasonic cleaning the surface of the anodized aluminum alloy for 1-5min at 30-50Hz by an ultrasonic machine.
Preferably, the mass-volume concentration ratio of the sulfuric acid to the aluminum sulfate in g/L is 160-200: 1-15.
Preferably, said anodic oxidation is comprised between 1.0 and 2.0A/dm2The current density of (2) and at 15-25 ℃, the surface of the aluminum alloy after cleaning treatment is used as anode oxidation for 10-50 mim.
Preferably, the mixed additive comprises 100-500ppm of additive A and 10-100ppm of additive B.
Preferably, the additive A comprises one or more of borate, citrate, phosphate and acetate; the additive B comprises one or more of phosphono carboxylic acid copolymer, phosphono sulfonic acid copolymer, maleic anhydride acrylic acid copolymer and isopropenyl phosphonic acid homopolymer.
Preferably, the temperature and time of the sealing treatment are 90-100 ℃ and 5-50min, respectively.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a high-adhesion and corrosion-resistant anodic oxidation method based on an aluminum alloy surface, which adopts the technical scheme that the aluminum alloy surface subjected to degreasing treatment in a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate and sodium carbonate is subjected to alkaline washing, acid washing and ultrasonic cleaning in sequence, then is subjected to anodic oxidation by using a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and aluminum sulfate, then is subjected to sealing treatment by using a mixed additive, and is dried to obtain an anodic oxidation film on the aluminum alloy surface.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microscopic morphology of an anodized film based on an aluminum alloy surface prepared by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a microscopic morphology of an anodic oxide film on the surface of an aluminum alloy with closed hanging powder on the surface;
FIG. 3 is a micro-topography of an anodic oxide film on the surface of an aluminum alloy with ash on the surface.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the drawings and the embodiment as follows:
the aluminum alloy adopted in the embodiment is a brand A356 aluminum alloy plate, and the size is as follows: 125mm multiplied by 80mm multiplied by 4mm, the chemical components and the contents (wt%) are respectively as follows: 0.3 of Mg, 7.0 of Si, 0.2 of Fe, 0.2 of Cu, 0.1 of Mn, 0.1 of Zn, 0.2 of Ti and the balance of Al.
Example 1
A high adhesion and corrosion resistant anodizing process 1 based on aluminum alloy surfaces, comprising the steps of:
(1) at a mass-to-volume concentration ratio (unit: g/L) of 5: 10: degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy in a mixed solution of 20 parts of sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate and sodium carbonate at 50 ℃ for 1 min;
(2) sequentially cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy with 60g/L of sodium hydroxide at 65 ℃ for 1min, cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy with 160g/L of sulfuric acid at 10 ℃ for 4min, and ultrasonically cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy with an ultrasonic machine at 30Hz for 1 min;
(3) the mass-to-volume concentration ratio (unit: g/L) is 160: 1, at a concentration of 1.0A/dm2The cleaned aluminum alloy surface was anodized by 10 mm at 15 ℃.
(4) And sealing and treating the oxidized aluminum alloy surface for 5min at 90 ℃ by using a mixed additive consisting of 100ppm of additive acetate and 10ppm of additive phosphono carboxylic acid copolymer, and drying to obtain the aluminum alloy surface anodic oxide film.
The surface of the anodic oxide film based on the aluminum alloy surface prepared in the example 1 has no powder hanging, and is in a porous form, and the micro-morphology is shown in FIG. 1; after Dow Betamate 4600F structural adhesive is used for bonding and baking the aluminum alloy, the lap shear test shows that the bonding strength is 30.3 MPa; after the sodium chloride salt solution with the mass fraction of 5% and the temperature of 35 ℃ is sprayed for 500h, the surface does not have corrosion phenomenon.
Example 2
A high adhesion and corrosion resistant anodizing process 2 based on aluminum alloy surfaces, said process comprising the steps of:
(1) in a mass-to-volume concentration ratio (unit: g/L) of 10: 20: degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy for 4min at 70 ℃ in a mixed solution of 40 parts of sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate and sodium carbonate;
(2) cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy by 100g/L of sodium hydroxide at 75 ℃ for 3min, cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy by 200g/L of sulfuric acid at 30 ℃ for 20min and ultrasonically cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy by an ultrasonic machine at 40Hz for 2min in sequence;
(3) the mass-volume concentration ratio (unit: g/L) is 200: 15 in a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and aluminum sulfate at 2.0A/dm2The cleaned aluminum alloy surface is used as an anode to be oxidized by 50mim at a current density of 25 ℃;
(4) sealing and treating the oxidized aluminum alloy surface for 50min at 100 ℃ by using a mixed additive consisting of 500ppm of additive borate, citrate, 100ppm of additive phosphono carboxylic acid copolymer and isopropenyl phosphonic acid homopolymer, and drying to obtain the aluminum alloy surface anodic oxide film.
The surface of the anodic oxide film based on the aluminum alloy surface prepared in the example 2 has no hanging powder and is in a porous form; after Dow Betamate 4600F structural adhesive is used for bonding and baking the aluminum alloy, the bonding strength is 29.7MPa as shown in an overlap shear experiment; after the sodium chloride salt solution with the mass fraction of 5% and the temperature of 35 ℃ is sprayed for 500h, the surface does not have corrosion phenomenon.
Example 3
A high adhesion and corrosion resistant anodizing process 3 based on aluminum alloy surfaces, said process comprising the steps of:
(1) at a mass-to-volume concentration ratio (unit: g/L) of 9: 14: 35 in a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate and sodium carbonate, degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy at 55 ℃ for 2 min;
(2) cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy by 70g/L of sodium hydroxide at 67 ℃ for 2min, cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy by 170g/L of sulfuric acid at 21 ℃ for 9min and ultrasonically cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy by an ultrasonic machine at 45Hz for 4min in sequence;
(3) in a mass-to-volume concentration ratio (unit: g/L) of 188: 8 in a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and aluminum sulfate at a concentration of 1.4A/dm2The cleaned surface of the aluminum alloy is used as an anode to oxidize 30mim at 21 ℃;
(4) and sealing and treating the oxidized aluminum alloy surface for 30min at 93 ℃ by using a mixed additive consisting of 280ppm of additive borate, citrate and phosphate and 60ppm of additive phosphono carboxylic acid copolymer, isopropenyl phosphonic acid homopolymer and maleic anhydride acrylic acid copolymer, and drying to obtain the aluminum alloy surface anodic oxide film.
The surface of the anodic oxide film based on the aluminum alloy surface prepared in the example 3 has no hanging powder and is in a porous form; after Dow Betamate 4600F structural adhesive is used for bonding and baking the aluminum alloy, the lap shear test shows that the bonding strength is 30.1 MPa; after the sodium chloride salt solution with the mass fraction of 5% and the temperature of 35 ℃ is sprayed for 500h, the surface does not have corrosion phenomenon.
Example 4
A high adhesion and corrosion resistant anodizing process 4 based on aluminum alloy surfaces, said process comprising the steps of:
(1) at a mass-to-volume concentration ratio (unit: g/L) of 7: 18: degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy in a mixed solution of 37 sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate and sodium carbonate at 66 ℃ for 3 min;
(2) sequentially cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy by 90g/L of sodium hydroxide at 70 ℃ for 3min, cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy by 179g/L of sulfuric acid at 26 ℃ for 11min and ultrasonically cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy by an ultrasonic machine at 50Hz for 5 min;
(3) in terms of mass-to-volume concentration ratio (unit: g/L) of 193: 12 in a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and aluminum sulfate at a concentration of 1.6A/dm2The cleaned aluminum alloy surface is used as an anode to be oxidized for 45mim at 23 ℃;
(4) and sealing and treating the oxidized aluminum alloy surface for 40min at 98 ℃ by using a mixed additive consisting of 420ppm of additive borate, citrate, phosphate and acetate and 80ppm of additive phosphono carboxylic acid copolymer, isopropenylphosphonic acid homopolymer, maleic anhydride acrylic acid copolymer and phosphono sulfonic acid copolymer, and drying to obtain the aluminum alloy surface anodic oxide film.
The surface of the anodic oxide film based on the aluminum alloy surface prepared in the example 4 has no hanging powder and is in a porous form; after Dow Betamate 4600F structural adhesive is used for bonding and baking the aluminum alloy, the lap shear test shows that the bonding strength is 31.5 MPa; after the sodium chloride salt solution with the mass fraction of 5% and the temperature of 35 ℃ is sprayed for 500h, the surface does not have corrosion phenomenon.
The micro-morphology of the anodic oxide film 1 on the surface of the aluminum alloy prepared by the prior art is shown in figure 2, and the surface has powder hanging, no internal plugging and porous form with open surface; after Dow Betamate 4600F structural adhesive is used for bonding and baking the aluminum alloy, the lap shear test shows that the bonding strength is 14.1 MPa; after the sodium chloride salt solution with the mass fraction of 5% and the temperature of 35 ℃ is sprayed for 500h, the surface does not have corrosion phenomenon.
The micro-morphology of the anodic oxide film 2 on the surface of the aluminum alloy prepared by the prior art is shown in figure 3, and the surface has silicon-containing hanging ash; after Dow Betamate 4600F structural adhesive is used for bonding and baking the aluminum alloy, the bonding strength is 25.3MPa as shown in an overlap shear experiment; after the sodium chloride salt solution with the mass fraction of 5% and the temperature of 35 ℃ is sprayed for 500h, the surface is corroded.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is set forth in the claims of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A high-adhesion and corrosion-resistant anodic oxidation method based on an aluminum alloy surface is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy in a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate and sodium carbonate;
(2) sequentially carrying out alkali washing, acid washing and ultrasonic cleaning on the degreased aluminum alloy surface;
(3) anodizing and cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy treated by the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and aluminum sulfate;
(4) sealing and treating the surface of the anodized aluminum alloy by using a mixed additive, and drying to obtain an anodized film on the surface of the aluminum alloy;
the anodic oxidation is 1.0-2.0A/dm2The cleaned aluminum alloy surface is anodized by 10-50mim at a current density of 15-25 ℃;
the additive A comprises one or more of borate, citrate and phosphate; the additive B comprises one or more of phosphono carboxylic acid copolymer, phosphono sulfonic acid copolymer, maleic anhydride acrylic acid copolymer and isopropenyl phosphonic acid homopolymer;
the mass volume concentration ratio of the sulfuric acid to the aluminum sulfate in g/L is 160-200: 1 to 15;
the mixed additive comprises 100-500ppm of additive A and 10-100ppm of additive B;
the temperature and time of the sealing treatment are respectively 90-100 ℃ and 5-50 min.
2. The high-cementation and corrosion-resistance anodic oxidation method based on aluminum alloy surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass-volume concentration ratio of sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate and sodium carbonate in g/L is 5-10: 10-20: 20-40.
3. The anodic oxidation method for high cementing and corrosion resistance based on aluminum alloy surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature and time of the degreasing treatment are 50-70 ℃ and 1-4min, respectively.
4. The high-adhesion and corrosion-resistant anodic oxidation method based on aluminum alloy surface according to claim 1, wherein the alkali washing comprises washing the aluminum alloy surface with 60-100g/L sodium hydroxide at 65-75 ℃ for 1-3 min.
5. The anodic oxidation method with high adhesion and corrosion resistance based on aluminum alloy surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acid cleaning comprises cleaning the aluminum alloy surface with 160-200g/L sulfuric acid at 10-30 ℃ for 4-20 min.
6. The high-adhesion corrosion-resistant anodic oxidation method based on aluminum alloy surface according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic cleaning comprises ultrasonic cleaning the aluminum alloy surface with an ultrasonic machine at 30-50Hz for 1-5 min.
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| CN110438543A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-11-12 | 绍兴市上虞和盛纺器有限公司 | A kind of textile-bobbin aluminium anodes hardening oxidation surface treatment method and product |
| CN111441074A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-24 | 内蒙古蒙矿碳烯科技有限公司 | Anodic oxidation treatment method for surface of aluminum alloy plate |
| CN113529151A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-22 | 天长市京发铝业有限公司 | Anodic oxidation method for aluminum plate |
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| US3838023A (en) * | 1971-12-17 | 1974-09-24 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Sealing anodized aluminum |
| US4445983A (en) * | 1982-09-09 | 1984-05-01 | Henkel Kgaa | Sealing anodically produced oxide layers, on aluminum |
| CN106435688A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 湖北奥美伦科技有限公司 | Novel aluminum anodic oxidation close ash removing agent and preparation method and application process thereof |
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