CN109512417A - A kind of multiposition dynamic spectrum difference extraction method - Google Patents
A kind of multiposition dynamic spectrum difference extraction method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
- A61B5/0295—Measuring blood flow using plethysmography, i.e. measuring the variations in the volume of a body part as modified by the circulation of blood therethrough, e.g. impedance plethysmography
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0075—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multiposition dynamic spectrum extracting methods, it the described method comprises the following steps: with the mean value and minimum value position of pulse wave cycle for boundary, the PPG signal of a cycle is divided into 4 regions, respectively two regions in the two of top half region and lower half portion；According to the principle that can the data of the dynamic spectrum in each region points be divided exactly by 2, two regions in two regions and lower half portion to top half carry out data points and divide；Mode is made the difference using sliding after division, dynamic spectrum extraction is independently carried out to each region；And dynamic spectrum extraction is carried out to overall spectrum, averaging finally is overlapped to these spectrum and obtains entirety；On each wavelength to collected logarithm PPG signal carry out sliding make it is poor, with the obtained sub- dynamic spectrum of difference composition.The present invention can extract the case where representing different nonlinear transformations, using this non-linear entrained spectral information, inhibit blood to scatter bring non-linear effects, improve the precision of the noninvasive blood component analyzing of dynamic spectrum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dynamic spectrums to extract field more particularly to a kind of multiposition dynamic spectrum difference extraction method.
Background technique
Dynamic spectrum is a kind of measurement method of Non-invasive detection blood constituent, by extracting pulsatile blood portion under multi-wavelength
The absorbance divided can greatly reduce individual difference and measure influence of the environment to the Non-invasive detection in human body.Previous
During dynamic spectrum extracts, dynamic spectrum constantly develops towards higher signal-to-noise ratio and higher data user rate.
In the peak-to-peak value method of dynamic spectrum [1], only with the peak-to-valley value of each PPG (photoplethysmographic) pulsation period
2 points extract dynamic spectrum, and since data user rate is low, this method is unable to get higher signal-to-noise ratio；In Chinese invention patent
Apply in CN103263272A, and single bat extraction method [2] in, each PPG pulsation period is used for using the data point of half
Dynamic spectrum is extracted, by superposed average all band PPG signal as monocycle PPG template signal, on template correction PPG
Edge is risen, obtains single bat dynamic spectrum, then by screening extracted dynamic spectrum, effectively inhibit gross error to dynamic optical
The influence of spectrum；In Chinese invention patent application CN102631198A and difference extraction method [3] in, it is pulsed using entire PPG
The data point in period carries out dynamic spectrum extraction, sequentially extracts difference dynamic spectrum with fixed step size, passes through average effect and 2
σ criterion further suppresses the influence of gross error and random error.Dynamic spectrum extracting method is continuously improved data and utilizes
Rate improves signal-to-noise ratio to obtain more blood informations.These methods characterize dynamic spectrum in different ways, make dynamic optical
The extracting method diversification of spectrum, and inhibit the various errors in collection process.
But in all dynamic spectrum extracting methods, there is no pay attention to blood to scatter brought non-linear effects.By
High scatterer in tissue, the influence of scattering is inevitable, this resulted in no longer be between absorbance and blood constituent
Linear relationship, Scattering Factors are one of an important factor for noninvasive blood constituent of influence near infrared spectroscopy detect, and further
Improve the bottleneck of dynamic spectrometry precision.Until up to now, there are no a kind of extracting methods can effectively inhibit blood
Scatter bring non-linear effects.
Bibliography
[1] Li Gang, Wang Yan, Lin Ling wait a kind of excellent noninvasive blood constituent detection method [J] Life Science Instruments of,
2004,2(5):33-35
[2] Li Gang, Xiong Chan, Wang Huiquan wait single clap of dynamic spectrum to extract [J] spectroscopy and spectrum analysis, and 2011,31
(7):1857-1861
[3]W.Dai,L.Lin and G.Li,New method of extracting information of
arterial oxygen saturation based on∑|Δ|,"REV SCI INSTRUM 88(4),43107(2017)
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of multiposition dynamic spectrum difference extraction method, the present invention can extract represent it is different non-linear
The case where information, inhibits blood to scatter bring non-linear effects, is inhibiting using this non-linear entrained spectral information
It is nonlinear to extract overall dynamics spectrum simultaneously, guarantee spectral signal-noise ratio, improves the essence of the noninvasive blood component analyzing of dynamic spectrum
Degree, described below:
A kind of multiposition dynamic spectrum extracting method, the described method comprises the following steps:
It is boundary with the mean value of pulse wave cycle and minimum value position, the PPG signal of a cycle is divided into 4
Two regions in a region, respectively the two of top half region and lower half portion；
According to the principle that can the data of the dynamic spectrum in each region points be divided exactly by 2, to the area Liang Ge of top half
Two regions of domain and lower half portion carry out data points and divide；Mode is made the difference using sliding after division, it is independent to each region
Carry out dynamic spectrum extraction；And dynamic spectrum extraction is carried out to overall spectrum, finally these spectrum are overlapped and are averaging
To entirety；
Sliding is carried out to collected logarithm PPG signal on each wavelength and makees poor, constitutes son dynamically with obtained difference
Spectrum.
Wherein, the pulse wave cycle specifically:
Using the PPG Signal averaging under all wavelengths in a sample as PPG template signal, with template PPG signal two
Time difference between adjacent peak is as a pulse wave cycle.
Further, the principle that can the data points of the dynamic spectrum according to each region be divided exactly by 2, to upper half
Two regions in partial two regions and lower half portion carry out data points and divide specifically:
When the data of the dynamic spectrum in a certain region points can be divided exactly by 2, then the data in the region are counted equal
It is divided into sub-zones and lower subregion；
When the data of the dynamic spectrum in a certain region points cannot be divided exactly by 2, then the middle position in the region is removed
Data point, then the remainder strong point in the region is divided into sub-zones and lower subregion.
It is described that mode is made the difference using sliding when specific implementation, dynamic spectrum extraction is independently carried out to each region specifically:
After each region is divided into two sub-regions, most with the maximum value of the sub-zones in each region and lower subregion
Big value makes the difference, and the secondary maximum value of sub-zones and the secondary maximum value of lower subregion make the difference, and so on, slidably extract son dynamic
Spectrum, each dynamic spectrum are made of several sub- dynamic spectrum superpositions.
Wherein, described that dynamic spectrum extraction is carried out to overall spectrum, averaging finally is overlapped to these spectrum and is obtained
It is whole specifically:
With middle line it is boundary when making the difference, is made the difference with the maximum value in the region II and the maximum value in the region III, the of the region II
Two values and second value in the region III make the difference, and are made the difference with the maximum value in the region I and the maximum value in the region IV, the second of the region I
Second value in a value and the region IV makes the difference and so on, slidably extracts dynamic spectrum, is finally overlapped to these spectrum
Averaging obtains entirety.
The beneficial effect of the technical scheme provided by the present invention is that:
1, the present invention, which realizes, extracts in a spectrum PPG when arterial blood pulsatile portion is contracted in two different locations
Dynamic spectrum；
2, the present invention extracts DS under conditions of equal precision measurement and is averaged, and inhibits random error, ensure that each extraction
Signal-to-noise ratio；
3, the present invention is different using the influence scattered under different location, obtains dynamic under two kinds of scattering influences and whole amplitude
State spectrum；Blood constituent is combined using the dynamic spectrum and overall spectrum of two positions and is modeled, guarantees spectral signal signal-to-noise ratio
And inhibit to scatter the influence to dynamic spectrum.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of spectrum PPG signal acquisition platform；
The schematic illustration of Fig. 2 multiposition spectrum；
Fig. 3 is that each wavelength pulse wave of certain sample is superimposed resulting template schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the tetrameric schematic diagram of a cycle of certain sample；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of multiposition dynamic spectrum；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of overall dynamics spectrum；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the multiposition spectrum of certain sample extraction.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiment of the present invention is made below further
Ground detailed description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of multiposition dynamic spectrum extracting method, referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 6, the extracting method the following steps are included:
101: the PPG signal of a cycle is divided into 4 regions, respectively the two of top half region and lower half portion
Two regions；
Wherein, referring to Fig. 3, the PPG signal of a cycle makees the PPG Signal averaging under all wavelengths in a sample
For PPG template signal, using the time difference between two adjacent peaks of template PPG signal as a cycle.
It referring to fig. 4, is boundary with the mean value of pulse wave cycle and minimum value position, by the PPG of a cycle
Signal is divided into 4 regions, respectively region I, region II, region III and region IV.
102: two regions in two regions and lower half portion to top half independently carry out dynamic spectrum extraction, and right
Overall spectrum carries out dynamic spectrum extraction, is finally overlapped averaging to these spectrum and obtains entirety；
Wherein, referring to fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the extraction of dynamic spectrum specifically:
It independently carries out in each region, when the data of the dynamic spectrum in a certain region points can be divided exactly by 2, then should
Data points in region are divided into two sub-regions (respectively subregion under sub-zones), when the dynamic spectrum in region
When data points cannot be divided exactly by 2, then the data point of the middle position in the region is removed, then the data in the region are counted
It is divided into two sub-regions (respectively subregion under sub-zones), after each region is divided into two sub-regions, with the region
The maximum value of sub-zones and the maximum value of lower subregion make the difference, the secondary maximum value of the secondary maximum value of sub-zones and lower subregion
It makes the difference, and so on, sub- dynamic spectrum is slidably extracted, each dynamic spectrum is made of several sub- dynamic spectrum superpositions.
Referring to Fig. 6, overall spectrum and top and the bottom dynamic spectrum extraction thinking are almost the same, with top and the bottom dynamic spectrum
Difference be, when making the difference with middle line be boundary, made the difference with the maximum value in the region II and the maximum value in the region III, the region II
Second value and second value in the region III make the difference, and are made the difference with the maximum value in the region I and the maximum value in the region IV, and the of the region I
Two values and second value in the region IV make the difference and so on, slidably extract dynamic spectrum, finally fold to these spectrum
Averaging is added to obtain entirety.
103: sliding being carried out to collected logarithm PPG signal on each wavelength and makees poor, is constituted with obtained difference sub
Dynamic spectrum.
In conclusion the embodiment of the present invention can be extracted the case where representing different nonlinear transformations, using this non-linear
Entrained spectral information inhibits blood to scatter bring non-linear effects, improves the noninvasive blood component analyzing of dynamic spectrum
Precision.
Embodiment 2
Below with reference to Fig. 2-Fig. 6, and specific calculation formula further introduces the scheme in embodiment 1,
It is described below:
201: establishing PPG template；
That is, leading to using the logarithm PPG Signal averaging under all wavelengths in a sample as the PPG template signal of the sample
Cross superposition PPG signal, it is suppressed that a part of high-frequency noise is conducive to subsequent period establishment, finds the processing such as peak-to-valley value step
Suddenly, PPG template is as shown in Figure 3.
202: find out the peak-to-valley value of PPG template, using between the two adjacent peak values of PPG template as a pulse cycle；
203: the PPG signal of a pulse cycle is divided into 4 regions；
That is, the PPG signal in the period is divided into top half and lower half using the average value in a cycle as middle line
Point, then be point with minimum value position using top half and the respective average value in lower half portion as upper middle line and lower middle line
The PPG signal of a cycle is divided into 4 regions, as shown in Figure 4 by boundary.
Referring to fig. 4, such as: in a pulse cycle, using middle line and minimum value as boundary, signal has been divided into I, II,
Tetra- regions III, IV, more than middle line, the extracted sub- dynamic spectrum of top half is named as △ ODU 1, △ ODU2。。。△
ODU n, the extracted sub- dynamic spectrum in lower half portion is named as △ ODD 1, △ ODD 2。。。△ODD n。
204: it is poor that sliding is made；
When the data points in any dynamic spectrum region can be divided exactly by 2, then the data point in the region is divided into
Two sub-regions then remove the number of the middle position in the region when the data points in dynamic spectrum region cannot be divided exactly by 2
Strong point, then the data point in the region is divided into two sub-regions, line of demarcation is known as upper middle line or lower middle line, by each region
After being divided into two sub-regions, made the difference with the maximum value of the sub-zones in the region and the maximum value of lower subregion, sub-zones
Secondary maximum value and the secondary maximum value of lower subregion make the difference, and so on, dynamic spectrum is slidably extracted, as shown in Figure 5.Whole light
Spectrum and top and the bottom dynamic spectrum extraction thinking are almost the same, as shown in Figure 6.
Referring to Fig. 5, such as: there is upper middle line after 11 point removal central points to divide equally the region I for 2 sub-regions in the region I, divides
Not Wei the region I sub-zones and lower subregion；The region II has middle line in 6 data points to divide equally the region II for 2 sub-regions, divides
Not Wei the region II sub-zones and lower subregion；There is lower middle line after 7 point removal centre data points to divide equally III in the region III
Region is 2 sub-regions, the respectively sub-zones in the region III and lower subregion；The region IV has middle line under 12 data points equal
Dividing the region IV is 2 sub-regions, the respectively sub-zones in the region IV and lower subregion.
Referring to Fig. 6, made the difference with the maximum value in the region II and the maximum value in the region III, II with middle line to demarcate when making the difference
Second value in region makes the difference with second value in the region III, is made the difference with the maximum value in the region I and the maximum value in the region IV, I
Second value in region and second value in the region IV make the difference and so on, dynamic spectrum are slidably extracted, finally to these
Spectrum is overlapped averaging and obtains entirety.
205: data normalization；
By the way that the spectrum of extraction is normalized, measurement result can be made unrelated with measurement light source, inhibit flashing
The fixed influence to spectrum.
206: gross error is rejected；
Wherein, top half and the respective normalization " sub- DS " in lower half portion and mean difference " son are described with Euclidean distance
Similarity degree between DS " shown in the calculation formula of Euclidean distance such as formula (1), calculates Euclidean distanceAverage valueResidual error vi and standard deviation sigma reject gross error using 2 σ criterion such as formula (2)~(4).
Wherein, Xi,λFor sub- dynamic spectrum,For average dynamic spectrum, N is sub- dynamic spectrum number.
207: dynamic spectrum obtains.
Wherein, it after gross error is rejected, will be moved obtained in dynamic spectrum obtained in top half and lower half portion
State spectrum is superimposed respectively, as the top half dynamic spectrum and lower half portion dynamic spectrum of the wavelength, as shown in Figure 6.
In conclusion the embodiment of the present invention can be extracted the case where representing different nonlinear transformations, using this non-linear
Entrained spectral information inhibits blood to scatter bring non-linear effects, improves the noninvasive blood component analyzing of dynamic spectrum
Precision.
Embodiment 3
Feasibility verifying is carried out to the scheme in Examples 1 and 2 below with reference to specific experiment, described below:
By Fig. 7's, the experimental results showed that, multiposition spectrum provided in an embodiment of the present invention can extract more scatterings
Information meets a variety of needs in practical application.
Experimental data collector is mainly made of light source, programmable regulated power supply, spectrometer, optical fiber and computer, such as Fig. 1
It is shown.This experimental light sources uses bromine tungsten filament lamp, and spectrometer uses the AvaSpec-HS1024x58TEC model spectrometer of Ai Wantisi,
Detecting wave-length coverage is 200nm-1160nm.During data acquire, light source direct irradiation finger, the transmitted light of finger is through light
Fibre is transferred into spectrometer collection, and collected spectroscopic data is reached PC machine by USB to carry out the preservation of data by spectrometer
And subsequent processing.The data of this experiment acquire the examinee to check UP from 231 in the 254th hospital of Tianjin.Before examining first
Subject is allowed to loosen a period of time, holding mood, breathing etc. as far as possible is in stable state, and index finger front end is then completely covered by light
Fine entrance, is kept in contact pressure almost constant in measurement process, by spectrometer collection data and stores, each subject's spectrum
The time of integration of acquisition is selected as 20ms, time of measuring 30s, to obtain the spectroscopic data of 200~1160nm wave band.It is every to have surveyed
One group of spectroscopic data carries out the parameter value that vein haemospasia biochemical analysis obtains blood to subject by hospital professional immediately.
In order to prove that multiposition includes more blood scattered informations, and these scattered informations can be utilized, preferably
Inhibit nonlinear influence, to the experimental data of 231 samples of acquisition be respectively adopted it is single along extraction method, multiposition extraction method into
The extraction of Mobile state spectrum, by list along extraction method result as a control group, the result of multiposition extraction method is as experimental group.
The result shows that by the spectral information for increasing different location more blood scattered informations can be obtained, subsequent
It can preferably inhibit blood to scatter bring non-linear effects in modeling, greatly improve the prediction essence of noninvasive blood constituent measurement
Degree, this is of great significance for the non-invasive measurement of blood constituent.
The embodiment of the present invention to the model of each device in addition to doing specified otherwise, the model of other devices with no restrictions,
As long as the device of above-mentioned function can be completed.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that attached drawing is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, the embodiments of the present invention
Serial number is for illustration only, does not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of multiposition dynamic spectrum extracting method, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps:
It is boundary with the mean value of pulse wave cycle and minimum value position, the PPG signal of a cycle is divided into 4 areas
Two regions in domain, respectively the two of top half region and lower half portion；
Counted the principle that can be divided exactly by 2 according to the data of the dynamic spectrum in each region, to two regions of top half with
Two regions of lower half portion carry out data points and divide；Mode is made the difference using sliding after division, each region is independently carried out
Dynamic spectrum extracts；And to overall spectrum carry out dynamic spectrum extraction, finally to these spectrum be overlapped averaging obtain it is whole
Body；
On each wavelength to collected logarithm PPG signal carry out sliding make it is poor, with the obtained sub- dynamic spectrum of difference composition.
2. a kind of multiposition dynamic spectrum extracting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pulse wave cycle
Specifically:
It is adjacent with template PPG signal two using the PPG Signal averaging under all wavelengths in a sample as PPG template signal
Time difference between peak value is as a pulse wave cycle.
3. a kind of multiposition dynamic spectrum extracting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described according to each area
The principle that can the data points of the dynamic spectrum in domain be divided exactly by 2, two of two regions and lower half portion to top half
Region carries out data points and divides specifically:
When the data of the dynamic spectrum in a certain region points can be divided exactly by 2, then the data points in the region are divided into
Sub-zones and lower subregion；
When the data of the dynamic spectrum in a certain region points cannot be divided exactly by 2, then the number of the middle position in the region is removed
Strong point, then the remainder strong point in the region is divided into sub-zones and lower subregion.
4. a kind of multiposition dynamic spectrum extracting method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described to be done using sliding
Poor mode independently carries out dynamic spectrum extraction to each region specifically:
After each region is divided into two sub-regions, with the maximum value of the sub-zones in each region and the maximum value of lower subregion
It making the difference, the secondary maximum value of sub-zones and the secondary maximum value of lower subregion make the difference, and so on, slidably extract sub- dynamic optical
Spectrum, each dynamic spectrum are made of several sub- dynamic spectrum superpositions.
5. a kind of multiposition dynamic spectrum extracting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to overall spectrum
Dynamic spectrum extraction is carried out, averaging finally is overlapped to these spectrum and obtains entirety specifically:
It is made the difference with the maximum value in the region II and the maximum value in the region III, second of the region II with middle line to demarcate when making the difference
Value and second value in the region III make the difference, and are made the difference with the maximum value in the region I and the maximum value in the region IV, second value in the region I
It is made the difference and so on second value in the region IV, slidably extracts dynamic spectrum, finally these spectrum are overlapped and ask flat
Obtain entirety.
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