CN109512402B - Near-distance multidimensional accurate medical human body infrared thermal imaging method - Google Patents
Near-distance multidimensional accurate medical human body infrared thermal imaging method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a close-range multi-dimensional accurate medical human body infrared thermal imaging method, and belongs to the field of medical infrared thermal imaging. The infrared cameras positioned on the front surface and the left side surface of the human body shoot in a short distance, so that the four limbs are kept away from the trunk from the side surface to prevent the four limbs from overlapping when the human body is in a walking posture; meanwhile, before shooting a human body, the electronic equipment in charge of imaging processes a thermal imaging image of the current environment, and gives an alarm for distinguishing an area or an object with abnormal temperature to prompt an operator to process; then, the electronic equipment responsible for imaging compares a thermal imaging image obtained after the human body is shot with a thermal imaging image of the environment, respectively identifies the environment area and the human body area, and searches for the human body boundary in the human body area; after the human body boundary is found, the environmental area is removed, and a human body whole body thermal imaging picture is obtained. Has the advantages that: the method can be applied to wider indoor environment, and simultaneously reduces the capital cost and the labor cost. The temperature of the overlap and of the organs located on the sides can be mapped precisely.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical infrared thermal imaging, in particular to a close-range multi-dimensional accurate medical human body infrared thermal imaging method, which comprises an image processing method for a thermal imaging picture. The method is used for preventing the environment from interfering with accurate imaging aiming at the self imaging principle of the infrared thermal imager.
Background
The infrared thermal imaging can comprehensively perform early warning analysis on various diseases of the whole body in medical examination, and is clinically researched and applied in various hospitals at present due to the advantages of comprehensive system, contribution to early disease discovery, no harm to human bodies and the like. The principle of infrared thermal imaging is analyzed from the principle of physics that a human body is a natural biological infrared radiation source and can continuously emit and absorb infrared radiation to the surroundings. The temperature distribution of a normal human body has certain stability and characteristics, and different temperatures of all parts of the body form different thermal fields. When a disease or a function change occurs at a certain part of a human body, the blood flow at the part changes correspondingly, so that the local temperature of the human body changes, which is expressed by higher or lower temperature. According to the principle, the infrared radiation of the human body is collected by a thermal imaging system and converted into digital signals to form a pseudo-color heat map, and the heat map is analyzed by a professional doctor by utilizing special analysis software to judge the parts of the focus of the human body, the nature of diseases and the degree of pathological changes, so that a reliable basis is provided for clinical diagnosis.
The existing medical infrared thermal imaging instrument and visualization technology have the main defects that:
1. objects and cold and hot air in the surrounding environment radiate infrared light outwards, so that the detection of the infrared light is influenced. Therefore, the existing instrument is very harsh in use method and conditions, a certain temperature and humidity need to be kept in a room, a relatively closed and tidy space needs to be formed, and the requirements for placing articles around the instrument and in a detection range are strict. Many indoor environmental factors affect the measurement results, such as sunlight entering the room from a window, desk and chair placed beside the room, and the like.
2. The infrared thermal imaging for medical purpose actually maps the body surface temperature, but the internal organs of the human body have overlapped parts when viewed from the front or have smaller frontal area, which is difficult to be recognized accurately, and the organs such as the kidney are measured more accurately from the side.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a close-range multi-dimensional accurate medical human body infrared thermal imaging method, which solves the problems in the prior art. Aims to accurately measure the temperature of the whole body of a human body by using a medical human body infrared thermal imager in a universal environment. The two infrared cameras positioned on the front side and the left side of the human body shoot the human body at a short distance, and the human body is shot to be in a walking posture (described as that a left arm swings forwards, a right foot swings forwards, a right arm swings backwards and a left foot swings backwards), so that the limbs are kept away from the trunk from the side surface to prevent overlapping; the close-range shooting is as follows: and shooting the human body at the position closest to the infrared camera according to the distance coefficient and the minimum focal length coefficient of the infrared camera. Meanwhile, before shooting a human body, the electronic equipment in charge of imaging processes a thermal imaging image of the current environment, and gives an alarm for distinguishing an area or an object with abnormal temperature to prompt an operator to process. And then, the electronic equipment responsible for imaging compares a thermal imaging image obtained after shooting the human body with the thermal imaging image of the environment, respectively identifies the environment area and the human body area, and searches for the human body boundary. After the human body boundary is found, the complex environment is removed, and a human body whole body thermal imaging picture is obtained.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the method is used for accurately detecting the body temperature of the whole body of a human body, and the shot human body is shot in a short distance by two infrared cameras positioned on the front surface and the left side surface of the human body, so that the shot human body is in a walking posture, and the limbs are prevented from being overlapped from the side surface of the human body;
the close-range shooting is as follows: according to the distance coefficient and the minimum focal length of the infrared camera, the shot human body is shot at the position closest to the infrared camera;
the walking posture is: the left arm swings forwards, the right foot swings forwards, the right arm swings backwards and the left foot swings backwards;
meanwhile, before shooting a human body, the electronic equipment in charge of imaging processes a thermal imaging picture of the current environment, and gives an alarm for distinguishing an area or an object with abnormal temperature to prompt an operator to process; then, the electronic equipment responsible for imaging compares a thermal imaging image obtained after the human body is shot with a thermal imaging image of the environment, respectively identifies the environment area and the human body area, and searches for the human body boundary in the human body area; after the human body boundary is found, the environmental area is removed, and a human body whole body thermal imaging picture is obtained. The method comprises the following steps:
step (1): the infrared camera at the front position and the infrared camera at the left side position work once before shooting to obtain infrared thermal imaging images of front and side environments before shooting, and the images are respectively marked as a front shooting environment image and a side shooting environment image; processing images of the environment image before front shooting and the environment image before side shooting, distinguishing an area or an object with abnormal temperature, and giving an alarm; an operator cleans the area or the object with abnormal temperature, and repeats the step (1) until the alarm prompt is not given or the environment image before the front shooting and the environment image before the side shooting do not have the area with abnormal temperature;
step (2): enabling the photographed human body to stand in a walking posture, and enabling the human body to photograph at a position closest to the infrared camera according to the distance coefficient and the minimum focal length of the infrared camera; shooting a human body by using an infrared camera at the front position and an infrared camera at the left side position to obtain a front human body infrared thermal imaging graph and a side human body infrared thermal imaging graph which are respectively marked as a front human body graph and a side human body graph; comparing the front shooting environment image with the front human body image and the side shooting environment image with the side human body image, wherein points which are the same environment are the same, so that points which are gathered in a changing way are human body areas, and rough environment areas and human body areas are marked on the front human body image and the side human body image; in the actual processing, the pixel points in the graph are grouped and sequentially stored into two arrays for the next processing;
and (3): processing for searching human body boundaries is carried out, and an environment area and a human body area are accurately distinguished; firstly, removing discrete points, searching boundary points of a human body in an image from the rest points, and calculating the average boundary length for the next processing;
and (4): filtering out an environment area, and judging whether a boundary is closed or not, if not, indicating that points which are missing or have unclear imaging exist, and supplementing the boundary points; and (4) removing the points to obtain two images, namely infrared thermal imaging images for whole body temperature mapping of the front and the side of the human body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: effectively eliminating indoor environment interference, being applicable to wider indoor environment, and simultaneously reducing capital cost and labor cost caused by maintaining the indoor environment with required harsh conditions. The two infrared cameras positioned on the front side and the left side of the human body are adopted for simultaneous surveying and mapping to obtain two thermal imaging graphs of the front side and the side of the human body, and the multi-dimension can be used for accurately surveying and mapping the temperature of the overlapped part and the temperature of the organs positioned on the side.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the walking posture of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention and its embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, in order to cope with a complex and general indoor environment and to ensure measurement accuracy under the condition, the method for close-range multi-dimensional accurate medical human body infrared thermal imaging according to the present invention enables a human body to be photographed at a position closest to an infrared camera according to a distance coefficient and a minimum focal length coefficient of the infrared camera, so as to reduce influence caused by uneven cooling and heating of air between an instrument and the human body and errors caused by the distance, such as an area where convection of indoor cooling and heating air occurs or an area where convection of indoor and outdoor air occurs. Before shooting a human body, scanning the surrounding environment, if finding an area with abnormal temperature, prompting an operator to clean. The manual cleaning is selected for the area with abnormal temperature, and mainly aims at the influence factors such as cold air or hot air blown by an air conditioner, or objects such as an electric kettle, ice blocks, which generate heat and cool, and the like. And then the environmental diagram before shooting and the human body diagram are used for comparison, and the environment can be filtered from the surrounding environment no matter whether the temperature and the humidity of the surrounding environment are uniformly distributed. The method eliminates the indoor environment interference, can be applied to wider indoor environment, and simultaneously reduces the capital cost and the labor cost caused by maintaining the indoor environment with required harsh conditions. In the invention, the human body adopts a walking posture (described as: a left arm forward swing, a right foot forward swing, a right arm backward swing and a left foot backward swing), and two infrared cameras positioned on the front side and the left side of the human body are used for simultaneously surveying and mapping to obtain two thermal imaging images of the front view and the side view of the human body, so that the multi-dimension can accurately survey and map the temperature of the overlapped part and the temperature of the organs positioned on the sides.
The close-range multi-dimensional accurate medical human body infrared thermal imaging method is used for accurately detecting the body temperature of the whole body of a human body, the two infrared cameras positioned on the front side and the left side of the human body shoot the human body in a close range, and the shot human body is in a walking posture, so that four limbs are prevented from being overlapped by avoiding the trunk from the side surface;
the close-range shooting is as follows: according to the distance coefficient and the minimum focal length coefficient of the infrared camera, the shot human body is shot at the position closest to the infrared camera;
the walking posture is: the left arm swings forwards, the right foot swings forwards, the right arm swings backwards and the left foot swings backwards;
meanwhile, before shooting a human body, the electronic equipment in charge of imaging processes a thermal imaging picture of the current environment, and gives an alarm for distinguishing an area or an object with abnormal temperature to prompt an operator to process; then, the electronic equipment responsible for imaging compares a thermal imaging image obtained after the human body is shot with a thermal imaging image of the environment, respectively identifies the environment area and the human body area, and searches for the human body boundary in the human body area; and after the human body boundary is found, removing the complex environment area to obtain a human body whole body thermal imaging image. The method comprises the following steps:
step (1): the infrared camera at the front position and the infrared camera at the left side position work once before shooting to obtain infrared thermal imaging images of front and side environments before shooting, and the images are respectively marked as a front shooting environment image and a side shooting environment image; processing images of the environment image before front shooting and the environment image before side shooting, distinguishing an area or an object with abnormal temperature, and giving an alarm; an operator cleans the area or the object with abnormal temperature, and repeats the step (1) until the alarm prompt is not given or the environment image before the front shooting and the environment image before the side shooting do not have the area with abnormal temperature;
step (2): enabling the shot human body to stand in a walking posture, and shooting the human body at the position closest to the infrared camera according to the distance coefficient and the minimum focal length coefficient of the infrared camera; shooting a human body by using an infrared camera at the front position and an infrared camera at the left side position to obtain a front human body infrared thermal imaging graph and a side human body infrared thermal imaging graph which are respectively marked as a front human body graph and a side human body graph; comparing the front shooting environment image with the front human body image and the side shooting environment image with the side human body image, wherein points which are the same environment are the same, so that points which are gathered in a changing way are human body areas, and rough environment areas and human body areas are marked on the front human body image and the side human body image; in the actual processing, the pixel points in the graph are grouped and sequentially stored into two arrays for the next processing;
and (3): processing for searching human body boundaries is carried out, and an environment area and a human body area are accurately distinguished; firstly, removing discrete points, searching boundary points of a human body in an image from the rest points, and calculating the average boundary length for the next processing;
and (4): filtering out an environment area, and judging whether a boundary is closed or not, if not, indicating that points which are missing or have unclear imaging exist, and supplementing the boundary points; and (4) removing the points to obtain two images, namely infrared thermal imaging images for whole body temperature mapping of the front and the side of the human body.
Example (b):
the basic principles involved in image processing by the imaging-responsible electronic device are:
each pixel point has four attributes: abscissa, ordinate, value, mark value.
And secondly, the value of each pixel point is the color value of the point, is an RGB hexadecimal code, and can compare the color difference degree. In the false color imaging process, the color value of each pixel point is converted from the temperature value, in the range of the temperature value to be represented, the corresponding amount and type of colors are selected to represent according to the identification degree, if the temperature in the range of 10 ℃ to 40 ℃ is to be represented, and the temperature error is required to be 0.1 ℃, 300 colors are used to represent, therefore, the temperature value and the color value are in one-to-one correspondence, and can also be converted into the comparison of temperature values according to the requirement of practical problems.
Dividing the image into ten lines by taking one tenth of the width of the image as a reference, and scanning from the first line to the tenth line in sequence. When scanning each line, all the points with the abscissa span as the reference length are taken as a group to be a scanning block (actually a square pixel block when viewed from the image), and all the pixel points of the line are scanned from the leftmost side of the image to the rightmost end in sequence. (this scanning method is referred to as jigsaw scanning method for convenience in the following description)
And fourthly, initializing the mark values of all the pixel points to be 0 before each scanning is started.
In the scanning process, when some pixel points are put into the arrays in sequence, the pixel points are stored according to the sequence of the scanning blocks. The scanning blocks are stored according to the sequence of the ordinate from small to large and the abscissa from small to large.
The specific implementation steps are as follows:
(1) the infrared camera at the front position and the infrared camera at the left side position work once before shooting to obtain infrared thermal imaging images of front and side environments before shooting, and the images can be recorded as a front shooting environment image and a side shooting environment image respectively. And processing the images of the environment image before front shooting and the environment image before side shooting, distinguishing the area or object with abnormal temperature, and giving an alarm. And (3) cleaning the corresponding area by an operator, and repeating the step (1) until the alarm prompt is not carried out or the area with no macroscopic temperature abnormality exists in the environment diagram before the front shooting and the environment diagram before the side shooting.
(1.1) scanning the whole image by using the method described in the third basic principle, comparing the color difference degree of each pixel point in each scanning block by taking the room temperature as the temperature reference, and marking the pixel points which have the room temperature difference of 5 ℃ or the pixel points which exceed the average value in the scanning block by 5 ℃. The flag value is set to 1. (the indoor temperature distribution is not uniform overall, because of the air characteristic, the indoor basically has no wind speed characteristics, the temperature distribution is locally blocky and uniform, when the scanning block has temperature difference pixel points, may be a heating or cooling object)
(1.2) after the scanning is finished, calculating the number of the pixel points with the mark value of 1, and when the number of the pixel points exceeds one percent of the total number of the pixel points, giving an early warning prompt to an operator, wherein factors influencing the infrared camera to detect the infrared light radiated by the human body possibly exist in the current environment. (when the abnormal pixel points are few, even if the abnormal pixel points are continuous, the actual size of the area or the object is small and can be ignored; the influence of misjudgment on the normal work of the infrared thermal imager is prevented.)
(1.3) the operator checks the environment diagram before front shooting and the environment diagram before side shooting, cleans the corresponding positions in the diagrams, and can select to continue working or rescan.
(2) The human body is shot in a walking posture and is shot at the position closest to the infrared camera according to the distance coefficient and the minimum focal length coefficient of the infrared camera. And shooting the human body by using the infrared camera at the front position and the infrared camera at the left side position to obtain a front human body infrared thermal imaging graph (which can be recorded as a front human body graph) and a side human body infrared thermal imaging graph (which can be recorded as a side human body graph). Comparing the environment image before the front shooting with the front human body image and the environment image before the side shooting with the side human body image, because the same pixel points are the same, the pixel points which are gathered in a change way are human body areas, and the rough environment areas and the rough human body areas can be marked on the front human body image and the side human body image.
And (2.1) scanning the whole image, and storing pixel points of the environment image and the human body image before front shooting.
And (2.2) setting two arrays.
(2.3) simultaneously scanning the environment image and the front human body image before front shooting by using a jigsaw scanning method, comparing the values of the pixel points with the same horizontal and vertical coordinates in each scanning block, and if the difference between the two values does not exceed 0.1 ℃, sequentially placing the pixel points in the front human body image into an array 1 (namely an environment area); otherwise, the array 2 (body region) is put in order.
And (2.4) performing the three steps on the environment diagram before side shooting and the side human body diagram.
(3) And (5) carrying out processing of searching the human body boundary, and accurately distinguishing the environment area from the human body area. (in the thermal imaging, the temperature of the edge of the human body is low, and there are dark color boundaries of green or blue and similar color degrees, which are the basis for distinguishing the human body from the surrounding environment based on the pixel points. Before searching for the boundary, discrete pixel points are removed from the array of pixel points with temperature difference (namely array 2), because the human body area is continuous, the pixel points are not in the human body area and are individual difference pixel points in the environment. And then searching blue boundary points from the rest pixel points and calculating the average boundary length for the next processing.
And (3.1) after copying the array (array 2) of the human body area, rearranging according to the sequence that the ordinate is from small to large and the abscissa is from small to large.
And (3.2) traversing the array, and under the same ordinate, when the difference between the abscissa of the previous pixel and the abscissa of the next pixel of a pixel and the abscissa of the pixel is 5, the pixel is a pixel with discrete abscissa. The first pixel point in the array has no previous pixel point, and the last pixel point in the array has no next pixel point. And setting the marking value of the pixel point with discrete abscissa to be 1, and deleting the pixel point with the marking value of 1 from the array.
(3.3) traversing the array obtained in the step (3.2), and finding a first blue pixel point under the same vertical coordinate, wherein the pixel point is the beginning of the boundary; then, the first pixel which is not blue is found, and the previous pixel is the end of the boundary. And adding one to the difference between the abscissa of the boundary end point and the abscissa of the boundary start point to obtain the length of the boundary.
(3.4) calculating the average length of the boundary, and rounding down the result.
(4) And (4) filtering an environment area, and judging whether the boundary is closed or not, if the boundary is not closed, indicating that missing or unclear imaging pixel points exist, and completing the boundary points. And (4) the outside of the boundary is an environment area, the pixel points are removed, and the obtained two images are infrared thermal imaging images for surveying and mapping the front and side temperatures of the human body.
(4.1) judging whether the blue boundary is closed. The method comprises the following steps: and traversing the array obtained in the step (3.2), and under the same vertical coordinate, if the lower part of one pixel point (namely the pixel point of which the vertical coordinate adds 1) in one boundary (namely all pixels from the boundary starting point to the boundary end point) is the pixel point in one boundary, closing the lower part of the boundary. Otherwise, the border is not closed, and if the border is not closed, the border is completed. Until the vertical coordinate of the current pixel point is the maximum value of the vertical coordinate of the pixel point in the array.
(4.2) completion method: starting from the starting point of the boundary, starting from the lower part (the pixel point with the ordinate plus 1) of the boundary, marking the pixel points with the same length as the boundary according to the average length of the boundary obtained in the step (3.4), and inserting the pixel points into the array according to the sequence of the ordinate from small to large and the abscissa from small to large so as to judge whether the boundary is closed.
And (4.3) scanning the front human body image, and removing pixel points outside the blue boundary.
(4.4) performing the above three steps on the lateral body diagram.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A close-range multi-dimensional accurate medical human body infrared thermal imaging method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the shot images are shot by two infrared cameras positioned on the front surface and the left side surface of the human body at a short distance, the shot human body stands in a walking posture, and the four limbs are prevented from being overlapped from the trunk from the side surface;
the walking posture is: the left arm swings forwards, the right foot swings forwards, the right arm swings backwards and the left foot swings backwards;
the close-range shooting is as follows: according to the distance coefficient and the minimum focal length of the infrared camera, the shot human body is shot at the position closest to the infrared camera;
meanwhile, before shooting a human body, the electronic equipment in charge of imaging processes a thermal imaging picture of the current environment, and gives an alarm for distinguishing an area or an object with abnormal temperature to prompt an operator to process; then, the electronic equipment responsible for imaging compares a thermal imaging image obtained after the human body is shot with a thermal imaging image of the environment, respectively identifies the environment area and the human body area, and searches for the human body boundary in the human body area; after the human body boundary is found, the environmental area is removed, and a human body whole body thermal imaging picture is obtained.
2. The method of close-range multi-dimensional accurate medical human body infrared thermal imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step (1): the infrared camera at the front position and the infrared camera at the left side position work once before shooting to obtain infrared thermal imaging images of front and side environments before shooting, and the images are respectively marked as a front shooting environment image and a side shooting environment image; processing images of the environment image before front shooting and the environment image before side shooting, distinguishing an area or an object with abnormal temperature, and giving an alarm; an operator cleans the area or the object with abnormal temperature, and repeats the step (1) until the alarm prompt is not given or the environment image before the front shooting and the environment image before the side shooting do not have the area with abnormal temperature;
step (2): enabling the photographed human body to stand in a walking posture, and enabling the human body to photograph at a position closest to the infrared camera according to the distance coefficient and the minimum focal length of the infrared camera; shooting a human body by using an infrared camera at the front position and an infrared camera at the left side position to obtain a front human body infrared thermal imaging graph and a side human body infrared thermal imaging graph which are respectively marked as a front human body graph and a side human body graph; comparing the front shooting environment image with the front human body image and the side shooting environment image with the side human body image, wherein points which are the same environment are the same, so that points which are gathered in a changing way are human body areas, and rough environment areas and human body areas are marked on the front human body image and the side human body image; in the actual processing, the pixel points in the graph are grouped and sequentially stored into two arrays for the next processing;
and (3): processing for searching human body boundaries is carried out, and an environment area and a human body area are accurately distinguished; firstly, removing discrete points, searching boundary points of a human body in an image from the rest points, and calculating the average boundary length for the next processing;
and (4): filtering out an environment area, and judging whether a boundary is closed or not, if not, indicating that points which are missing or have unclear imaging exist, and supplementing the boundary points; and (4) removing the points to obtain two images, namely infrared thermal imaging images for whole body temperature mapping of the front and the side of the human body.
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| CN111460944B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2023-08-04 | 深圳数联天下智能科技有限公司 | Living body identification method, device and equipment based on thermal imaging and storage medium |
| CN111854960B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2023-09-22 | 广东品学软件开发有限公司 | Calibration method for measuring human face temperature based on thermal imager |
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