CN109511497A - Rice field CH based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method - Google Patents

Rice field CH based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109511497A
CN109511497A CN201811406291.9A CN201811406291A CN109511497A CN 109511497 A CN109511497 A CN 109511497A CN 201811406291 A CN201811406291 A CN 201811406291A CN 109511497 A CN109511497 A CN 109511497A
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China
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clinoptilolite
greenhouse gases
rice field
rice
discharge method
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CN201811406291.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈涛涛
梁茜
王术
沙炎
赵清
刘光辉
张丰
王喆
王铁良
郭成久
夏桂敏
孙仕军
王丽学
张旭东
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Shenyang Agricultural University
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Shenyang Agricultural University
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Priority to CN201811406291.9A priority Critical patent/CN109511497A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • A01G22/22—Rice
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/22—Methane [CH4], e.g. from rice paddies

Abstract

The invention belongs to greenhouse gases control discharge method fields, in particular disclose the rice field CH based on clinoptilolite4And N2How O greenhouse gases control discharge method reduces rice field CH for existing4And N2The emission problem of O, it is proposed that following scheme prepares clinoptilolite, applies together before ploughing with base fertilizer, and wherein clinoptilolite dosage is 5-10 tons/hectare, and the partial size of clinoptilolite is 20 or 80 mesh, ploughs and is mixed behind soaked field, second year normally applies fertilizer but do not apply zeolite；Before rice transplanting, static chamber is installed in the middle part of lysimeter；The gas sampling frequency is 1 times a week.The present invention reduces CH by Dry-wet alternate irrigation4Discharge, and NO in soil is reduced by clinoptilolite3 ‑Nitration and opposite nitration is reduced, to reduce N2O discharge, it is final to break through rice field CH4And N2There is the relationship of growth and decline each other in O discharge.

Description

Rice field CH based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method
Technical field
The present invention relates to greenhouse gases control discharge method technical fields, more particularly to the rice field CH based on clinoptilolite4And N2O Greenhouse gases control discharge method.
Background technique
Past one, global climate was just undergone once to warm as the significant changes of main feature, main cause over 100 years It is that the fast development of the mankind exacerbates the discharge (IPCC, 2013) of greenhouse gases.Become for active response the United Nations's weather in 2009 Change the requirement that slows down of meeting, China promises to undertake to the year two thousand twenty greenhouse gas emission (the Cheng et for reducing 40%-45% per GDP al., 2011).China is large agricultural country, and agricultural is one of most important emission source of greenhouse gases (IPCC, 2013).Cause This, development reduced with new agricultural production strategy is studied greenhouse gas emission be current urgent demand (Wang et al., 2017)。
The Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area of China occupies second place of the world (4.5 × 108Mu or so), rice annual output ranks first in the world Position (2.04 × 108t).Therefore, the sustainability of Rice Production is to ensuring that national food security is of great significance.China Water Seed rice plant it is with a long history, people pursue high yield and in terms of carried out long-term exploration, also achieve and make us full Meaning as a result, but deep not enough to the research of rice field effect on environment.Because rice field is the production based on long-term waterflooding Environment produces many factors unfavorable to ecological safety.For example rice field is CH4And N2The important emission source of O greenhouse gases it One.A large number of studies show that greenhouse gas emissions (the CH of rice specific yield4And N2Based on O) it is the grains such as wheat and corn 4 times of crop.And CH4And N2O is closely related with global warming, and the contribution rate to greenhouse effects is respectively 15% and 6%.Cause This, it is ensured that grain security must realize the sustainable development of Rice Production, and reduce rice field CH4And N2The discharge of O is to realize water The premise and guarantee of rice production sustainable development.
For this purpose, the present invention proposes the rice field CH based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve disadvantages existing in the prior art, and the rice based on clinoptilolite proposed Field CH4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method.
To achieve the goals above, present invention employs following technical solutions:
Rice field CH based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method, includes the following steps,
Experimental plot selection: S1 is initially used for carrying out the experimental plot soil types of field trial, the county Yu Huo, province of trial zone Soil types；Secondly experimental plot should select among the rice field in flakes in the gross area up to 0.5-1 hectares；Third experimental plot is separate House, highway, ancient tree and graveyard；The area of 4th test field reaches 500-1000 square metres, and row irrigates conveniently, illumination condition It is good；
S2 prepares clinoptilolite, applies together before ploughing with base fertilizer, and wherein clinoptilolite dosage is 5-10 tons/public affairs Hectare, the partial size of clinoptilolite is 20 or 80 mesh, ploughs and is mixed behind soaked field, second year normally applies fertilizer but do not apply zeolite；
S3, every 7d, quincunx takes 5 points in cell after rice transplanting, with the full-automatic redox of CN61M/FJA3 Current potential depolarizes method analyzer directly in field test topsoil soils oxidation-reduction potential；
S4, CO2、CH4And N2The measurement of O greenhouse gases flux；
S5 before rice transplanting, installs static chamber in the middle part of lysimeter；The gas sampling frequency is 1 times a week, to apply fertilizer Increasing by 1 sampling before week and the disappearance of the Dry-wet alternate irrigation water surface are critical, each gas collecting time is 8:00-11:00 in morning, Respectively at 60mL gas in 0,10,20,30,40min 60mL syringe collecting case and to be transferred to 100mL true after closing case In empty aluminium bag, CO is measured using U.S.'s Agilent gas chromatograph (7890B)2、CH4And N2O greenhouse gases；
Ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen use Germany SEAL AA3 Continuous Flow Analysis instrument in S6, topsoil and effusion (AA3Auto Analyzer 3) measurement.
Preferably, with lysimeter, strict control draining keeps each processing amount of filtrate consistent, and it is different to can avoid amount of filtrate Influence to total nitrogen leaching loss；Leakage: data are observed according to website for many years, are quantitatively arranged according to many years mean displacement 2.5mm/d Water；Effusion: being collected using plastic barrel, and ammonium ion and nitrate ion concentration are continuous using Germany SEAL AA3 in filtrate Flow Analyzer (AA3Auto Analyzer 3) measurement；Ammonium ion and nitrate ion concentration and multiplied by corresponding leakage Amount can estimate total nitrogen discharge.
Preferably, greenhouse gases flux can by unit area and in the unit time variation of gaseous mass calculate:
In formula: F is gas flux, mgm-2h-1；ρ is gas density, mgml-1；Δ m and Δ c is respectively Δ t (h) time The gaseous mass changed in interior vasculum, mgm3mL-1h-1With mixing specific concentration mLm-3；H is the height of sampling box, m；A is to adopt The floor space of sample case, m2；The volume of V sampling box.
Preferably, the synthesis greenhouse effects of global warming potential (GWP, in terms of 100 years), by by CH4And N2O is converted into CO2Equivalent is estimated:
In formula: CO2- e is the synthesis greenhouse effects CO of unit area discharge in rice growing season2Equivalent (kg CO2-e ha-1)；Respectively Growing season CH4And N2O total emission volumn (kg ha-1)。
Preferably, before ploughing and autumn harvest after plough horizon ammonium nitrogen and NO3-N accumulation measurement: every year plough before and The fresh sample of 0-30cm soil, soil NH are taken after autumn harvest respectively4 +- N and NO3 -- N is extracted using the KCl of 2mol/L, using German SEAL AA3 Continuous Flow Analysis instrument (AA3Auto Analyzer 3) measurement；It is fixed using kelvin after fresh soil sample air-dry, crushing, nitre boil Nitrogen method measures total soil nitrogen.
Preferably, the partial size of the clinoptilolite is 80 mesh.
Rice field CH proposed by the present invention based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method, clinoptilolite is because of its tool There are the characteristics such as extremely strong cation exchange capacity (CEC), specific surface area abundant and molecular sieve, it is in addition cheap and can be artificial synthesized, It is widely applied and takes on a variety of Dry crops such as different soils and corn, wheat, soybean such as acid, neutral and alkalinity Obtained positive effect.In recent years, it is increasingly closed in terms of rice field water-saving, province's fertilizer, volume increase and reduction nitrogenous fertilizer pollution of area source Note, wet alternate irrigation are that a kind of most wide, the biggish irrigation method of water saving potential is used in the numerous water-saving technologies in rice field, can be significant It reduces water resources consumption, raising or maintains rice yield, or even greenhouse gases CH can be significantly reduced4Discharge.But it is previous related Dry-wet alternate irrigation N2In the research of O discharge aspect, it is limited to some qualitative descriptions, to rice field N under Dry-wet alternate irrigation more2O row Put, research Dry-wet alternate irrigation under the conditions of clinoptilolite relatively fewer to the research of greenhouse gases global warming potential contribution rate To CH4And N2The influence of O discharge is rarer.Research rice field under Dry-wet alternate irrigation, which increases clinoptilolite, reduces greenhouse gases Premise is discharged, is to reduce CH by Dry-wet alternate irrigation4Discharge, and NO in soil is reduced by clinoptilolite3 -To reduce nitrification Denitrification, to reduce N2O discharge, it is final to break through rice field CH4And N2There is the relationship of growth and decline each other in O discharge.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described reality Applying example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
Embodiment
Rice field CH proposed by the present invention based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method, includes the following steps,
Experimental plot selection: S1 is initially used for carrying out the experimental plot soil types of field trial, the county Yu Huo, province of trial zone Soil types；Secondly experimental plot should select among the rice field in flakes in the gross area up to 0.5-1 hectares；Third experimental plot is separate House, highway, ancient tree and graveyard；The area of 4th test field reaches 500-1000 square metres, and row irrigates conveniently, illumination condition It is good；
S2 prepares clinoptilolite, applies together before ploughing with base fertilizer, and wherein clinoptilolite dosage is 5-10 tons/public affairs Hectare, the partial size of clinoptilolite is 20 or 80 mesh, ploughs and is mixed behind soaked field, second year normally applies fertilizer but do not apply zeolite；
S3, every 7d, quincunx takes 5 points in cell after rice transplanting, with the full-automatic redox of CN61M/FJA3 Current potential depolarizes method analyzer directly in field test topsoil soils oxidation-reduction potential；
S4, CO2、CH4And N2The measurement of O greenhouse gases flux；
S5 before rice transplanting, installs static chamber in the middle part of lysimeter；The gas sampling frequency is 1 times a week, to apply fertilizer Increasing by 1 sampling before week and the disappearance of the Dry-wet alternate irrigation water surface are critical, each gas collecting time is 8:00-11:00 in morning, Respectively at 60mL gas in 0,10,20,30,40min 60mL syringe collecting case and to be transferred to 100mL true after closing case In empty aluminium bag, CO is measured using U.S.'s Agilent gas chromatograph (7890B)2、CH4And N2O greenhouse gases；
Ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen use Germany SEAL AA3 Continuous Flow Analysis instrument in S6, topsoil and effusion (AA3Auto Analyzer 3) measurement.
In present embodiment, with lysimeter, strict control draining keeps each processing amount of filtrate consistent, can avoid filtrate The different influences to total nitrogen leaching loss of amount；Leakage: data are observed according to website for many years, according to many years mean displacement 2.5mm/d Quantitative draining；Effusion: being collected using plastic barrel, and ammonium ion and nitrate ion concentration use Germany SEAL in filtrate AA3 Continuous Flow Analysis instrument (AA3Auto Analyzer 3) measurement；Ammonium ion and nitrate ion concentration and multiplied by right The leakage answered can estimate total nitrogen discharge.
In present embodiment, greenhouse gases flux can by unit area and in the unit time gaseous mass variation To calculate:
In formula: F is gas flux, mgm-2h-1；ρ is gas density, mgml-1；Δ m and Δ c is respectively Δ t (h) time The gaseous mass changed in interior vasculum, mgm3mL-1h-1With mixing specific concentration mLm-3；H is the height of sampling box, m；A is to adopt The floor space of sample case, m2；The volume of V sampling box.
In present embodiment, the synthesis greenhouse effects of global warming potential (GWP, in terms of 100 years), by by CH4And N2O It is converted into CO2Equivalent is estimated:
In formula: CO2- e is the synthesis greenhouse effects CO of unit area discharge in rice growing season2Equivalent (kg CO2-e ha-1)；Respectively Growing season CH4And N2O total emission volumn (kg ha-1)。
In present embodiment, before ploughing and autumn harvest after plough horizon ammonium nitrogen and NO3-N accumulation measurement: turn over every year The fresh sample of 0-30cm soil, soil NH are taken before ground and after autumn harvest respectively4 +- N and NO3 -- N is extracted using the KCl of 2mol/L, using Germany SEAL AA3 Continuous Flow Analysis instrument (AA3Auto Analyzer 3) measurement；After fresh soil sample air-dry, crushing, nitre boil, use Kjeldahl nitrogen determination total soil nitrogen.
It is noted that the effect reached is best when the partial size of the clinoptilolite is 80 mesh.
Routine is basined irrigation and the water depth of Dry-wet alternate irrigation and the requirement of soil water potential lower control limit
Rice field CH proposed by the present invention based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method, clinoptilolite is because of its tool There are the characteristics such as extremely strong cation exchange capacity (CEC), specific surface area abundant and molecular sieve, it is in addition cheap and can be artificial synthesized, It is widely applied and takes on a variety of Dry crops such as different soils and corn, wheat, soybean such as acid, neutral and alkalinity Obtained positive effect.In recent years, it is increasingly closed in terms of rice field water-saving, province's fertilizer, volume increase and reduction nitrogenous fertilizer pollution of area source Note, wet alternate irrigation are that a kind of most wide, the biggish irrigation method of water saving potential is used in the numerous water-saving technologies in rice field, can be significant It reduces water resources consumption, raising or maintains rice yield, or even greenhouse gases CH can be significantly reduced4Discharge.But it is previous related Dry-wet alternate irrigation N2In the research of O discharge aspect, it is limited to some qualitative descriptions, to rice field N under Dry-wet alternate irrigation more2O row Put, research Dry-wet alternate irrigation under the conditions of clinoptilolite relatively fewer to the research of greenhouse gases global warming potential contribution rate To CH4And N2The influence of O discharge is rarer.Research rice field under Dry-wet alternate irrigation, which increases clinoptilolite, reduces greenhouse gases Premise is discharged, is to reduce CH by Dry-wet alternate irrigation4Discharge, and NO in soil is reduced by clinoptilolite3 -To reduce nitrification Denitrification, to reduce N2O discharge, it is final to break through rice field CH4And N2There is the relationship of growth and decline each other in O discharge.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited to This, anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention And its inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the rice field CH based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method, which is characterized in that include the following steps,
Experimental plot selection: S1 is initially used for carrying out the experimental plot soil types of field trial, the province's county Yu Huo type soil of trial zone Earth；Secondly experimental plot should select among the rice field in flakes in the gross area up to 0.5-1 hectares；It third experimental plot will be far from house, public affairs Road, ancient tree and graveyard；The area of 4th test field reaches 500-1000 square metres, and row irrigates conveniently, and illumination condition is good；
S2 prepares clinoptilolite, applies together before ploughing with base fertilizer, and wherein clinoptilolite dosage is 5-10 tons/hectare, tiltedly sends out The partial size of zeolite is 20 or 80 mesh, ploughs and is mixed behind soaked field, second year normally applies fertilizer but do not apply zeolite；
S3, every 7d, quincunx takes 5 points in cell after rice transplanting, is gone with the full-automatic oxidation-reduction potential of CN61M/FJA3 Polarization method analyzer is directly in field test topsoil soils oxidation-reduction potential；
S4, CO2、CH4And N2The measurement of O greenhouse gases flux；
S5 before rice transplanting, installs static chamber in the middle part of lysimeter；The gas sampling frequency be 1 times a week, fertilising week and it is dry Wet alternate irrigates critical 1 sampling of preceding increase of water surface disappearance, and each gas collecting time is 8:00-11:00 in morning, in pass case Respectively at 60mL gas in 0,10,20,30,40min 60mL syringe collecting case and it is transferred to 100mL vacuum aluminum bag later In, CO is measured using U.S.'s Agilent gas chromatograph (7890B)2、CH4And N2O greenhouse gases；
Ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen use Germany SEAL AA3 Continuous Flow Analysis instrument (AA3 in S6, topsoil and effusion Auto Analyzer 3) measurement.
2. the rice field CH according to claim 1 based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method, feature exist In with lysimeter, strict control draining keeps each processing amount of filtrate consistent, can avoid amount of filtrate difference to total nitrogen leaching loss It influences；Leakage: data are observed according to website for many years, are quantitatively drained according to many years mean displacement 2.5mm/d；Effusion: it adopts It is collected with plastic barrel, ammonium ion and nitrate ion concentration use Germany SEAL AA3 Continuous Flow Analysis instrument (AA3 in filtrate Auto Analyzer 3) measurement；Ammonium ion and nitrate ion concentration and total nitrogen can be estimated multiplied by corresponding leakage It is lost.
3. the rice field CH according to claim 1 based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method, feature exist In, greenhouse gases flux can by unit area and in the unit time variation of gaseous mass calculate:
In formula: F is gas flux, mgm-2h-1；ρ is gas density, mgml-1；Δ m and Δ c is respectively acquisition in Δ t (h) time The gaseous mass changed in case, mgm3mL-1h-1With mixing specific concentration mLm-3；H is the height of sampling box, m；A is the bottom of sampling box Area, m2；The volume of V sampling box.
4. the rice field CH according to claim 3 based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method, feature exist In, synthesis greenhouse effects of global warming potential (GWP, in terms of 100 years), by by CH4And N2O is converted into CO2Equivalent is estimated It calculates:
In formula: CO2- e is the synthesis greenhouse effects CO of unit area discharge in rice growing season2Equivalent (kg CO2-e ha-1)；Respectively Growing season CH4And N2O total emission volumn (kg ha-1)。
5. the rice field CH according to claim 1 based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method, feature exist In, before ploughing and autumn harvest after plough horizon ammonium nitrogen and NO3-N accumulation measurement: every year plough before and autumn harvest after take respectively The fresh sample of 0-30cm soil, soil NH4 +- N and NO3 -- N is extracted using the KCl of 2mol/L, using German SEALAA3 Continuous Flow Analysis Instrument (AA3 Auto Analyzer 3) measurement；It is complete using Kjeldahl nitrogen determination soil after fresh soil sample air-dry, crushing, nitre boil Nitrogen.
6. rice field CH4 and N2O the greenhouse gases control discharge method according to claim 1 based on clinoptilolite, feature exist In the partial size of the clinoptilolite is 80 mesh.
CN201811406291.9A 2018-11-23 2018-11-23 Rice field CH based on clinoptilolite4And N2O greenhouse gases control discharge method Pending CN109511497A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110495381A (en) * 2019-09-17 2019-11-26 河海大学 A kind of controlled with aerating irrigates the device and method for reducing rice field greenhouse gas emission
CN113297536A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-08-24 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Method for evaluating applicability of AWD (agricultural microwave sludge drying) rice carbon emission reduction technology

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110495381A (en) * 2019-09-17 2019-11-26 河海大学 A kind of controlled with aerating irrigates the device and method for reducing rice field greenhouse gas emission
CN113297536A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-08-24 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Method for evaluating applicability of AWD (agricultural microwave sludge drying) rice carbon emission reduction technology

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Application publication date: 20190326