CN109503085A - A kind of C20P4 subway concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to concrete fields, specifically disclose a kind of C20P4 subway concrete and preparation method thereof, the concrete is made of following material: 181-225 parts of cement, 10-20 parts of miberal powder, 15-25 parts of flyash, 20-30 parts of solid sulfur ash, 5-15 parts of silicon ash, 3-7 parts of carbide slag, 1100-1300 parts of coarse aggregate, 520-620 parts of fine aggregate, 30-60 parts of lightweight fine aggregate, 1-3 parts of fiber, 0.2-0.6 parts of latex powder, 4-12 parts of swelling agent, 0.5-1.2 parts of water-reducing agent, 150-170 parts of water, based on parts by weight.Make the part admixture of subway concrete in the present invention with solid sulfur ash, carbide slag, make the lightweight fine aggregate of subway concrete with high-titanium slag, the subway concrete prepared has good slump, divergence, 28d compression strength is all larger than 20MPa, seepage-resistant grade reaches P4, while the conventional cements admixture resource such as overcome miberal powder, flyash, silicon ash is increasingly in short supply and the problem that Industrial Solid Wastes utilization approaches are limited, utilization rate is low such as solid sulfur ash, carbide slag, high-titanium slag.

Description

A kind of C20P4 subway concrete and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to concrete fields, specifically disclose a kind of C20P4 subway concrete and preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Subway engineering requires service life to be not less than 100 years, and the endurance issues of subway engineering are always one by pass The Important Project problem of note.Subway concrete be influence the subway engineering service life key factor, it may be said that subway concrete it is resistance to Long property directly determines the service life of subway engineering.Subway concrete is served in the underground space, and durability is by alkali, chlorine The influence of the factors such as ion etching, sulphate corrosion, carbonization, Frozen-thawed cycled, stray electrical current and external force load improves ground The durability of iron aggregate concrete, which is one, is worth the project for giving more sustained attention and studying.

Subway engineering is a complicated system, is made of multiple and different structure positions, subway concrete is as main body Material is widely used in its each structure position.In the design process of subway engineering, based on underground hydrological environment, answer With the consideration of scene, natural calamity impact, service life etc., the material property at subway engineering different structure position is proposed not Same requirement.For subway concrete, mainly to the intensity of the subway concrete applied to subway engineering different structure position Grade and seepage-resistant grade propose differentiation requirement.C20P4 subway concrete is commonly applied to strength grade of concrete and impervious The lower structure position of class requirement, such as the bed course of underground railway track concrete foundation.

Currently, in the technology of preparing of subway concrete, usually using Industrial Solid Wastes such as miberal powder, flyash, silicon ashes as water Mud admixture is used as cementitious material after compounding by a certain percentage with ordinary portland cement.This with all using normal silicate In comparison cement does cementitious material, the alternative part ordinary portland cement of the incorporation of miberal powder, flyash, silicon ash etc., thus Cement consumption is reduced, reaches the purpose of reducing cement industry production energy consumption, the discharge of pollution exhaust gas；In addition, miberal powder, flyash, The incorporation of silicon ash etc. generally can also improve mechanical property, anticorrosive, frost resistance, durability of concrete etc., action principle master If the Micro-aggregate filling effect and potential pozzolanic activity of the Industrial Solid Wastes such as slag micropowder, flyash is utilized.However, with Economic construction of China high speed development, construction scale are constantly expanded, and the conventional cements such as miberal powder, flyash, silicon ash admixture is also increasingly It faces shortage of resources, the problems such as quality of supplying seriously glides, usually causes the undesirable consequence of concrete performance.

After circulating fluidized bed combustion coal solid sulfur ash refers to that sulfur-bearing coal is mixed with sulphur-fixing agent with certain proportion (Ca/S=2.0-2.5) In circulating fluidized bed boiler after (850~950 DEG C) of certain temperature are calcined solid sulphur caused by be collected in the discarded ash of flue, Hereinafter referred to as " solid sulfur ash ".Alpha-quartz, active silica-alumina mineral, bloodstone and anhydrite are mainly contained in solid sulfur ash, and a small amount of Free calcium oxide and lime stone, chemical component mainly includes Al₂O₃、SiO₂、Fe₂O₃、SO₃, CaO, MgO and f-CaO.It is different Area solid sulfur ash, chemical component, mineral composition, in terms of there is some difference.Currently, China's solid sulfur ash Annual emissions in ten-million-ton scale, it is limited, utilization rate is low because there are resource utilization approach the problems such as, mostly use stacking or landfill Mode is handled, and not only land occupation resource but also be easy to cause environmental pollution.Studies have shown that solid sulfur ash not only has potential volcano Grey activity, also has the characteristics that the hydraulicity, while also having micron particles grain diameter characteristic, therefore have and make cement admixture Primary condition.

Carbide slag is discharged after chemical plant utilizes calcium carbide hydrolysis to produce acetylene gas using calcium hydroxide as main mineral constituent Industrial residue, grain diameter is distributed mainly on the range of 0-100um.The main chemical compositions of carbide slag be CaO (content >= 60%), remaining ingredient is SiO₂、Al₂O₃、SO₃, the metals such as Mg and Fe oxide and inorganic matters such as hydroxide and a small amount of Organic matter, chloride ion content are generally less than 0.1%.The carbide slag that chemical plant excludes has very high moisture content, generally greater than 70%, resource utilization carbide slag often needs that it is dried.

High-titanium slag is a kind of waste residue of v-bearing titanomagnetite smelting industrial discharge, has Ti content height, grindability poor, active Low, the features such as bulk density is small, main chemical compositions include CaO, TiO₂、SiO₂、Al₂O₃, wherein TiO₂Content is higher, generally Greater than 10%, 20% or more is reached as high as.There are a large amount of micropore, partial pores to extend to particle for the particle surface of high-titanium slag Inside simultaneously penetrates through, particle water absorption rate with higher each other.Due to specifically forming environment, mud, organic matter in high-titanium slag, The content of impurity etc. is seldom, and grain diameter is mainly distributed in the range of zero to several millimeters.

In conclusion if the Industrial Solid Waste that can develop other classes makees cement admixture, and can partially substitute or substitute completely Above-mentioned traditional industry solid waste prepares subway concrete, then can not only alleviate asking for the resources such as miberal powder, flyash, silicon ash worsening shortages Topic, while can also enrich the resource utilization approach of other class Industrial Solid Wastes.

Summary of the invention

For overcome the problems, such as the conventional cements admixture such as miberal powder, flyash, silicon ash resource increasingly in short supply and solid sulfur ash, The problem that the utilization approaches such as carbide slag, high-titanium slag are limited, utilization rate is low, while to improve subway concrete durability, this Invention provides a kind of C20P4 subway concrete and preparation method thereof.

Technical scheme is as follows:

A kind of C20P4 subway concrete, is made of following material: 181-225 parts of cement, 10-20 parts of miberal powder, flyash 15-25 parts, 20-30 parts of solid sulfur ash, 5-15 parts of silicon ash, 3-7 parts of carbide slag, 1100-1300 parts of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate 520-620 Part, 30-60 parts of lightweight fine aggregate, 1-3 parts of fiber, 0.2-0.6 parts of latex powder, 4-12 parts of swelling agent, 0.5-1.2 parts of water-reducing agent, 150-170 parts of water, based on parts by weight.

Preferably, a kind of C20P4 subway concrete, is made of following material: being made of following material: cement 191- 212 parts, 13-18 parts of miberal powder, 18-23 parts of flyash, 23-28 parts of solid sulfur ash, 8-12 parts of silicon ash, 4-6 parts of carbide slag, coarse aggregate 1150-1250 parts, 540-600 parts of fine aggregate, 40-50 parts of lightweight fine aggregate, 1.9-2.1 parts of fiber, latex powder 0.38-0.42 Part, 7.5-8.5 parts of swelling agent, 0.75-0.85 parts of water-reducing agent, 158-163 parts of water, based on parts by weight.

Further, a kind of C20P4 subway concrete, is made of following material: it is made of following material: 203 parts of cement, It is 15 parts of miberal powder, 20 parts of flyash, 25 parts of solid sulfur ash, 10 parts of silicon ash, 5 parts of carbide slag, 1200 parts of coarse aggregate, 580 parts of fine aggregate, light 45 parts of matter fine aggregate, 2 parts of fiber, 0.4 part of latex powder, 8 parts of swelling agent, 0.8 part of water-reducing agent, 160 parts of water, based on parts by weight.

The cement is selected from 42.5 cement of P.O, is provided by Dujiang weir Lafarge Cement Co., Ltd, performance detection knot Fruit is as follows: normal consistency water requirement 26.7%, specific surface area 369m²·kg^-1, presetting period 170min, final setting time 246min, 3 days flexural strengths 6.0MPa, 28 days flexural strengths 8.3MPa, 3 days compression strength 31.2MPa, 28 days compression strength 50.1MPa, SO₃Content 2.03% (≤3.5%), content of MgO 2.41% (≤5%), stability are qualified.

The miberal powder is selected from S95 grades of graining blast-furnace cinder micro-powders, is provided by Chengdu Tong Xin building materials Co., Ltd, performance inspection It is as follows to survey result: specific surface area 420m²·kg^-1, than 100.5%, 28 day compressive strength rate 96.8% of fluidity.

The flyash is selected from I grade of flyash of original state F class, is provided by Sichuan Tie Run commerce and trade Co., Ltd, performance detection As a result as follows: normal consistency water requirement 24.0%, specific surface area 476m²·kg^-1, SO₃Content 1.3%, content of MgO 0.80%, 28 days compressive strength rates 93.5%.

The solid sulfur ash is selected from the solid sulfur ash by grinding processing, and original state solid sulfur ash is by Neijiang City in Sichuan Province Baima thermal power plant It provides, the performance test results of solid sulfur ash are as follows after grinding processing: normal consistency water requirement 37.9%, specific surface area are 735m²·kg^-1, SO₃Content 8.7%, content of MgO 2.74%, 28 days compressive strength rates 84.6%.Wherein, the solid sulfur ash Grinding processing method are as follows: weigh grinding in a certain amount of original state solid sulfur ash investment 500 × 500mm of Φ cement testing ball mill 60min.

The silicon ash is selected from the silicon ash of high activity, is provided by Sichuan Hui Ye silicon ash Materials Co., Ltd, performance detection knot Fruit is as follows: SiO₂Content is 92.6%, specific surface area 22000m²·kg^-1, 28 days activity indexs are 121%.

The carbide slag is selected from the carbide slag after being dried, and original state carbide slag is mentioned by Sichuan Tie Run commerce and trade Co., Ltd For moisture content 79.3%, the performance test results of carbide slag are as follows after drying process: CaO content 71.26%, Cl^-Content 0.085%, D50=21.53um.Wherein, the carbide slag drying method are as follows: weigh a certain amount of original state carbide slag, first Dry 48h under the conditions of 105 DEG C in dryer, stirred once at interval of 2h, then by after drying carbide slag investment Φ 500 × Grinding 10min in 500mm cement testing ball mill, it is spare for 24 hours that taking-up continues drying.

The coarse aggregate is selected from the stone of 5-20mm Continuous Particle Size.

The fine aggregate is selected from natural river sand, and sand in category, fineness modulus 2.67, particle size distribution meets national standard 2nd area of natural sand requires in GB/T 14684-2011 " construction sand ", clay content 0.1%.

The lightweight fine aggregate is selected from the high-titanium slag by screening process of milling, and original state high-titanium slag is by offer Panzhihua Iron company provides, and quality water absorption rate more dry than saturation plane is 12.2%.The method for sieving of milling of the high-titanium slag are as follows: by original state High-titanium slag puts into grinding 3min in 500 × 500mm of Φ cement testing ball mill, make discrete particles in original state high-titanium slag or Weak structure (such as part macropore) is destroyed, and then crosses 4.75mm sieve, it is spare to leave and take 4.75mm or less particle.Wherein, 4.75mm Following grain fineness modulus is 2.85.

The fiber is selected from basalt fibre, is provided by Tian Zhitu Science and Technology Ltd., Shenzhen, by different length specification Basalt fibre compound to obtain in certain mass ratio, the compounding mass ratio are as follows: basalt fibre (35mm): basalt is fine It ties up (15mm): basalt fibre (6mm)=(20-40): (30-40): (30-40).

The latex powder is selected from the 8031H type redispersable latex powder that Wa Ke company, Germany provides, technical grade, effective component >=98%.

The swelling agent is selected from the active expanding agent that Sichuan beauty occupies the offer of building materials Co., Ltd, and free swelling rate is 0.02-0.06%.

The water-reducing agent is selected from Sika3301 type high performance water reducing agent of polyocarboxy acid, are mentioned by Sequa Corp, Switzerland For, solid content 50%, water-reducing rate 40% is good with cement and mineral admixture adaptability.

A kind of preparation method of C20P4 subway concrete, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) raw material are accurately weighed by above-mentioned weight ratio, by cement, miberal powder, flyash, solid sulfur ash, silicon ash, calcium carbide Slag, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate, fiber, latex powder, swelling agent are put into concrete mixer；

(2) water-reducing agent and water are mixed into the dilute solution containing water-reducing agent again；

(3) start blender, stirring 30-60s is uniformly mixed the material in blender first, then starts into blender Above-mentioned dilute solution is at the uniform velocity added, dilute solution all adds time control within the scope of 10-20s, continues to stir 3-5min, i.e., C20P4 subway concrete can be made.

42.5 ordinary portland cements, S95 grade miberal powder in the present invention, I grade of flyash, grinding solid sulfur ash, high activity silicon ash, Carbide slag constitutes the gelling system of C20P4 subway concrete, and quality accounting is respectively 65.11-80.94%:3.60- 7.19%:5.40-8.99%:7.18-10.79%:1.80-5.40%:1.08-2.52%；The Ca (OH) that hydrated cementitious generates₂ And the Ca (OH) in carbide slag₂It is the main exciting agent of the potential activity of miberal powder, flyash, silicon ash and solid sulfur ash, while miberal powder, Flyash, solid sulfur ash and silicon ash are the important sources of the gelling system gelling.

Miberal powder is a kind of high fineness obtained after the process such as drying, grinding with blast furnace slag, high activity powder Material.The main chemical compositions of miberal powder and portland cement are substantially identical, and primary structure is silicate glass body structure, potential Activity is mostly derived from the oxygen-octahedron in its vitreous structure.Studies have shown that the oxygen-octahedron degree of polymerization in miberal powder is lower, The relative populations of Si-O key are less, thus chemical activity with higher；In addition to this, there is also certain in the vitreum of miberal powder Aluminum-oxygen tetrahedron, sexadentate, the AlO of quantity⁺Ion, this further enhances its potential activity.The active excitation of miberal powder Mode includes physical excitation and chemi-excitation, but the active performance of miberal powder depends primarily on the effect of chemi-excitation, commonly Chemi-excitation mode has alkali-activated carbonatite and sulphate activation.OH^-Ion can be such that oxygen-octahedron, aluminum-oxygen tetrahedron in miberal powder etc. sends out Raw " solving polymerization " reacts, and oxygen-octahedron, aluminum-oxygen tetrahedron existing for oligomeric conjunction state etc. gradually decreases, while high polymerization Degree content of material gradually increases, finally with the production of the aquations such as C-S-H (hydrated calcium silicate) gel, C-A-H (drated calcium aluminate) gel Object exists.The addition that sulphate activation is primarily referred to as sulfate makes Ca when miberal powder aquation²⁺And Al³⁺The concentration balance of plasma It is destroyed, Ca²⁺And Al³⁺The concentration of plasma reduces, and promotes hydration reaction to production entringite and the direction of other similar products Development, this can accelerate CaO, Al in miberal powder₂O₃Deng aquation, to promote the aquation of miberal powder.Studies have shown that alkali-activated carbonatite and sulfuric acid Salt excites collective effect, best to the stimulation effect of miberal powder potential activity.The specific surface area of miberal powder selected by the present invention is 420m²· Kg, the specific surface area 369m of cement²·kg^-1, this shows that mineral powder granular partial size is lower than the partial size of cement granules, part mine on the whole Powder particles can be filled in the gap formed between cement granules, to keep the particle packing of gelling system even closer.

Flyash generally refers to a kind of fine ash being collected into from coal-fired plant flue gas.Contain a large amount of activity in flyash Siulica-alumina mineral, but research shows that the oxygen-octahedron degree of polymerization of its siulica-alumina mineral is higher, therefore, the item that potential activity is excited Part is relatively harsh.OH^-It is difficult just sufficiently to excite its potential activity in the early stage, generally in the later period of aquation, (some months is very for activity To after several years) just come out by basic excitation, and it is mainly shown as the later strength of enhancing gelling system.Fly ash grain has The characteristics of smooth densification in surface, inner hollow, for that can play ball benefit in gelling system, lower gelling system needs water Amount, improves its workability.The specific surface area of flyash selected by the present invention is 476m²·kg^-1, the specific surface area 369m of cement²· kg^-1, the specific surface area of miberal powder is 420m²Kg, this shows that fly ash grain partial size is lower than cement and mineral powder granular, portion on the whole Divide fly ash grain that can be filled in the gap formed between miberal powder or cement granules, to make the particle packing of gelling system It is even closer.

Solid sulfur ash generally refers to a kind of fine ash being collected into from coal-burning power plant's flue.Although the receipts of solid sulfur ash and flyash Set method is similar, but the formation environment of the two and process difference, and there are great differences for physical and chemical performance.Also containing a large amount of in solid sulfur ash Active silica-alumina mineral, but in solid sulfur ash siulica-alumina mineral potential activity be lower than flyash, this is because the formation temperature of solid sulfur ash Spend about 850~950 DEG C of 1300~1600 DEG C of formation temperature for being far below flyash.But some researches show that sial mines in solid sulfur ash The degree of polymerization of the oxygen-octahedron of object is lower than flyash, this makes the potential activity of solid sulfur ash be easier to be excited.Institute of the present invention The specific surface area for selecting solid sulfur ash is 735m²Kg, the specific surface area 369m of cement²·kg^-1, the specific surface area of miberal powder is 420m²· kg^-1, the specific surface area of flyash is 476m²·kg^-1, this shows that solid sulfur ash grain diameter is far below cement, miberal powder, powder on the whole Coal ash particle, a large amount of solid sulfur ash particle can be filled in the gap formed between flyash or miberal powder or cement granules, from And keep the particle packing of gelling system even closer.

Silicon ash generally refer in smelting duriron and industrial silicon (metallic silicon) after the discharge of gas containing Si with air rapid oxidation A kind of ash made of condensation precipitating.Silicon content in silicon ash is higher, general up to 90% or so, has good volcanic ash living Property；Meanwhile the grain diameter very little of silicon ash, average grain diameter about 0.1-0.3um, specific surface area are very big；On the other hand, due to silicon ash In forming process, by the effect of surface tension, noncrystalline mutually amorphous spherical particle, particle surface more light are formd It is sliding, the effect of volatilizable lubricated balls when being used with blending such as cement.Silicon ash specific surface area selected by the present invention is 22000m²·kg^-1, silicon ash grain diameter is far below unclassified stores component particles in gelling system on the whole, and silicon ash particle can be with It is filled in the gap formed between the particles such as solid sulfur ash, to keep the particle packing of gelling system even closer.

Carbide slag is discharged after chemical plant utilizes calcium carbide hydrolysis to produce acetylene gas using calcium hydroxide as main mineral constituent Industrial residue, grain diameter is distributed mainly on the range of 0-100um.The main chemical compositions of carbide slag be CaO (content >= 60%), remaining ingredient is SiO₂、Al₂O₃、SO₃, the metals such as Mg and Fe oxide and inorganic matters such as hydroxide and a small amount of Organic matter, chloride ion content are generally less than 0.1%.

In above-mentioned five kinds of cement admixtures, in addition to carbide slag, potential pozzolanic activity is all had.Miberal powder, flyash, silicon ash Usually only there is potential pozzolanic activity, and solid sulfur ash not only has potential pozzolanic activity, also has the hydraulicity and aquation Dilatancy, this also contains oxidation in addition to active silica-alumina mineral derived from the particularity of its internal active mineral composition in solid sulfur ash Calcium, anhydrite；In addition, being different from flyash (and miberal powder) particle has the characteristics that smooth surface, inside and outside the presentation of solid sulfur ash particle The loose porous shape characteristic in portion.It is handled by grinding, the loose porous shape characteristic of solid sulfur ash particle can be changed, make it Grain partial size is obviously reduced, particle interior porosity is substantially reduced, specific surface area obviously increases, this advantageously reduce its water requirement, Reduce its particle surface micropore to the absorption of organic macromolecule, improve its overall activity, promote wherein slightly solubility anhydrite accelerate The benefits such as aquation.

S95 grades of miberal powders, I grade of flyash, grinding solid sulfur ash, high activity silicon ash, five kinds of carbide slag blending are utilized in the present invention Material is mixed again with 42.5 ordinary portland cements constitutes the gelling system of C20P4 subway concrete, and novelty mainly exists In feature on different material component physical and chemical performance is utilized, makes to generate mutual supplement with each other's advantages between different material component, cooperates with enhancing Effect: (1) physical effect.In above-mentioned gelling system, in addition to carbide slag, each component is had by specific surface area sequence: Gu silicon ash > sulphur Certain gradient, different material component is presented in the particle size distribution range of ash > flyash > miberal powder > cement, different material component Mutually filled between grain, it is easy to form tightly packed, advantageously reduce gelling system water requirement, improve gelling system fluidity with Workability reduces gelling system porosity and microstructural flaws.(2) chemical effect.The Ca that silicate cement hydration generates (OH)₂The potential pozzolanic activity of miberal powder, flyash, solid sulfur ash and silicon ash, while anhydrite hydration shape in solid sulfur ash can be excited At dihydrate gypsum further excite as sulphate activation agent the potential volcano of miberal powder, flyash, solid sulfur ash and silicon ash itself Grey activity, " alkali-activated carbonatite+sulphate activation " fills the potential pozzolanic activity of miberal powder, flyash, solid sulfur ash and silicon ash more Divide ground excitation, resource value obtains more efficiently utilizing, and the hydrated product of gelling system is more abundant, and structure is more closely knit It is firm.Ca (OH) is rich in after carbide slag hydrolysis₂, the incorporation of carbide slag, in addition to it can produce above-mentioned similar alkali-activated carbonatite effect.This Outside, subway concrete is generally mass concrete, to avoid mass concrete heat of hydration concentration effect and causing crack etc. Problem, cement consumption is usually less in gelling system, and complementary cementitious material is more, be easy to cause concrete gelling system Ca (OH) in slurry when aquation₂Content is insufficient, and the incorporation of carbide slag can effectively supplement Ca in slurry (OH)₂Content, sufficient Ca (OH)₂, can also play and maintain gelling system high alkalinity environment, improve hydrated product stability, promote unhydrated particle in slurry The effect of later-stage secondary aquation, this is highly beneficial for further decreasing gelling system porosity and microstructural flaws, can have Effect improves the durability of gelling system.

The stone of 5-20mm partial size, the natural river sand that fineness modulus is 2.67, the high titanium ore through processing of milling in the present invention Slag together constitutes the aggregate system of concrete.

Volume accounting of the coarse aggregate in high-strength concrete is generally 40-50%.Coarse aggregate can play rigidity in concrete Skeleton function, improves the intensity and elasticity modulus of concrete, to enhance the volume stability and durability of concrete.Coarse aggregate The effect for stopping micro-crack extension can also be played, caused by because of concrete internal stress when micro-crack extension to coarse aggregate, slightly Aggregate can utilize the characteristics of itself high intensity, large volume effectively to stop further expanding for crackle, to enhance concrete Stability.In addition, the interface because volume accounting of the coarse aggregate in concrete is very high, between coarse aggregate and concrete gelling system Transition region is more, and interfacial transition zone is one of the key influence factor of mechanical performance of concrete etc., the surface property of coarse aggregate The performance of concrete is influenced often through interfacial transition zone is influenced.Coarse aggregate used in the present invention is the stone of 5-20mm Continuous Particle Size Son, compression strength are conducive in high-strength concrete compared with high, stone surface is coarse, flat-elongated particles content is few, clay content is low It plays rigid aggregate effect and prevents the effect of micro-crack extension, while it is strong so that concrete is obtained higher interfacial transition zone Degree.

Volume accounting of the fine aggregate in concrete is generally 25-35%.Fine aggregate is between gelling system and coarse aggregate Crucial tie, be one of important factor in order of concrete performance.Fine aggregate can also play rigid aggregate in concrete Effect and the effect for preventing micro-crack extension, but it is still different with the effect of coarse aggregate.Fine aggregate particle can be filled in In the gap formed between coarse aggregate particle, and gelling system is then filled primarily in the gap formed between fine aggregate particle, The good fine aggregate of grain composition tends to form itself even closer accumulation, this both can effectively fill shape between coarse aggregate particle At gap, and advantageously reduce gelling system dosage needed for the gap that is formed between filling fine aggregate particle.Therefore, thin bone Material can not only influence working performance, mechanical property, volume stability and the durability etc. of concrete, but also influence whether glue The dosage of solidifying system.Fine aggregate used in the present invention is natural river sand, and grain composition is good, clay content is low, this helps to make Concrete obtains good working performance, mechanical property, volume stability and durability etc., while reducing the use of gelling system Amount.

Lightweight fine aggregate is a classification in fine aggregate, including light weight sand, expanded perlite, glass bead etc..The present invention Lightweight fine aggregate used is by the high-titanium slag for processing of milling, and grain fineness modulus is 2.85.

The present invention constructs the aggregate system of concrete using stone, natural river sand, high-titanium slag, and mass ratio is respectively 61.80-70.27%:28.11-34.83%:1.62-3.37%.On the basis of fully considering coarse-fine aggregate physical features, base In closestpacking principle etc., it is determined that sand coarse aggregate ratio (the i.e. weight of fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate in aggregate system of aggregate system Than), so that aggregate system is substantially conformed to closestpacking principle, it is steady that this can greatly improve the working performance of concrete, volume Qualitative and durability etc., while reducing gelling system dosage, economizes on resources and cost.In addition, using high-titanium slag as lightweight Fine aggregate is used for concrete, can play a significant role.During the mix of concrete, the micropore knot of high-titanium slag particle surface Structure can adsorb a part of mixing water, when cementitious material fast hydration leads to inside concrete temperature rise in concrete, high titanium ore A part of heat can be absorbed in the mixing water of slag absorption, to reduce concrete internal temperature, it is (especially big to reduce concrete Volume concrete) cracking risk；On the other hand, since subway tunnel concrete belongs to mass concrete more, to avoid substantially Harm caused by product concrete hydrating internal temperature rise, it is common practice that increase the ratio of complementary cementitious material and cement consumption as far as possible Example, and (concrete the phenomenon that these complementary cementitious materials have the characteristics that the aquation period is long mostly, and there are later-stage secondary aquations Hydration and hardening for a period of time after there are still unhydrated active particle, these unhydrated active particles and calcium hydroxide reaction are raw At the phenomenon of hydrated calcium silicate etc.), secondary hydration advantageously reduces porosity or defect in concrete, and further blocking is extraneous Harmful ion enters the channel of inside concrete, keeps concrete structure finer and close, the mixing water later period of high-titanium slag absorption Return out the secondary hydration that can promote complementary cementitious material etc..

In the present invention, selects the compound prevention of the basalt fibre of different length or delay macro, micro- in C20P4 subway concrete The formation of crackle is seen, realizes the purpose of enhancing, toughening.

In the present invention, mix a small amount of redispersable latex powder be conducive to enhance C20P4 concrete toughness reduce mix The brittleness for coagulating soil improves the waterproof performance of concrete, cracking resistance, Anti-Chloride Ion Penetration, temperature-resistant wet variation performance, freeze proof Performance, anti-carbonation properties etc., while being conducive to improve mobility, the workability of fresh concrete, to the compression strength of concrete It can be without negative effect with sulphate-corrosion resistance.Its main function basis mechanism is: redispersable latex powder is released in high alkali environment The carboxyl and Ca (OH) put₂Reaction forms the reticular structure product of crosslinking, and this hydrated product tends to connect other hydrated products It is connected into an entirety；In addition, not with Ca (OH)₂The latex powder particles of reaction, with the progress of concrete gelling system aquation, gradually The polymer film structure of different zones is distributed in inside concrete, these polymer film structures can effectively block concrete In hole, enhancing interfacial transition zone, to play the role of that harmful environmental ion is prevented to enter inside concrete, and prevent The effect that internal tiny crack is propagated and stress is concentrated.

In the present invention, swelling agent is mainly used for compensating concrete and shrinks, improves concrete impermeability.

High performance water reducing agent of polyocarboxy acid is mainly used for reducing concrete water amount in the present invention, improves the mechanical property of concrete Can, while improving the fluidity and workability of concrete, main function mechanism is: equivalent by electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance It should make hydrone high degree of dispersion, efficiently utilization in concrete gelling system, to reduce the use of concrete under certain fluidity Water.

C20P4 subway concrete is an organic whole in the present invention, in material composition by gelling system, aggregate system, Fiber, additive and water are constituted, and are made of in structure Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste, aggregate and interfacial transition zone, by optimizing gelling system, aggregate A kind of C20P4 subway concrete with Good All-around Property has been prepared in the material composition and ratio of system etc..

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The present invention provides a kind of C20P4 subway concrete, is made of following material: 181-225 parts of cement, miberal powder 10-20 Part, 15-25 parts of flyash, 20-30 parts of solid sulfur ash, 5-15 parts of silicon ash, 3-7 parts of carbide slag, 1100-1300 parts of coarse aggregate, thin bone Expect 520-620 parts, 30-60 parts of lightweight fine aggregate, 1-3 parts of fiber, 0.2-0.6 parts of latex powder, 4-12 parts of swelling agent, water-reducing agent 0.5-1.2 parts, 150-170 parts of water, based on parts by weight.Consolidate sulphur using S95 grades of miberal powders, I grade of flyash, grinding in the present invention Ash, high activity silicon ash, five kinds of admixtures of carbide slag and 42.5 ordinary portland cements are mixed constitute C20P4 subway coagulation again The gelling system of soil, novelty, which essentially consists in, is utilized feature on different material component physical and chemical performance, makes different material component Between generate have complementary advantages, collaboration enhancing effect, construct the aggregate of concrete using stone, natural river sand, high-titanium slag System；Also improve concrete comprehensive performance using fiber, polymer dispersion powder, swelling agent.

The part admixture for making subway concrete in the present invention with solid sulfur ash, carbide slag, makees subway coagulation with high-titanium slag The lightweight fine aggregate of soil, has prepared a kind of subway concrete, which has good slump, divergence, 28d resistance to compression Intensity is all larger than 20MPa, and seepage-resistant grade reaches P4, this shows that subway concrete prepared by the present invention meets the requirement of C20P4, this Be conducive to overcome the conventional cements admixture such as miberal powder, flyash, silicon ash resource increasingly in short supply and solid sulfur ash, carbide slag, high titanium ore The problem that the Industrial Solid Wastes utilization approaches such as slag are limited, utilization rate is low, while being conducive to improve subway concrete durability.

Specific embodiment:

Embodiment 1:

A kind of C20P4 subway concrete, is made of following material: be made of following material: 203 parts of cement, 15 parts of miberal powder, 20 parts of flyash, 25 parts of solid sulfur ash, 10 parts of silicon ash, 5 parts of carbide slag, 1200 parts of coarse aggregate, 580 parts of fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate 45 parts, 2 parts of fiber, 0.4 part of latex powder, 8 parts of swelling agent, 0.8 part of water-reducing agent, 160 parts of water, based on parts by weight.

A kind of preparation method of C20P4 subway concrete, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) raw material are accurately weighed by above-mentioned weight ratio, by cement, miberal powder, flyash, solid sulfur ash, silicon ash, calcium carbide Slag, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate, fiber, latex powder, swelling agent are put into concrete mixer；

(2) water-reducing agent and water are mixed into the dilute solution containing water-reducing agent again；

(3) start blender, stirring 60s is uniformly mixed the material in blender first, then starts even into blender Above-mentioned dilute solution is added in speed, and dilute solution all adds time control within the scope of 15s, continues to stir 3min, can be prepared by C20P4 subway concrete.

Embodiment 2:

A kind of C20P4 subway concrete, is made of following material: be made of following material: 212 parts of cement, 13 parts of miberal powder, 18 parts of flyash, 23 parts of solid sulfur ash, 8 parts of silicon ash, 4 parts of carbide slag, 1200 parts of coarse aggregate, 580 parts of fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate 45 Part, 2 parts of fiber, 0.4 part of latex powder, 8 parts of swelling agent, 0.8 part of water-reducing agent, 160 parts of water, based on parts by weight.

A kind of preparation method of C20P4 subway concrete, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) raw material are accurately weighed by above-mentioned weight ratio, by cement, miberal powder, flyash, solid sulfur ash, silicon ash, calcium carbide Slag, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate, fiber, latex powder, swelling agent are put into concrete mixer；

(2) water-reducing agent and water are mixed into the dilute solution containing water-reducing agent again；

(3) start blender, stirring 45s is uniformly mixed the material in blender first, then starts even into blender Above-mentioned dilute solution is added in speed, and dilute solution all adds time control within the scope of 15s, continues to stir 4min, can be prepared by C20P4 subway concrete.

Embodiment 3:

A kind of C20P4 subway concrete, is made of following material: be made of following material: 191 parts of cement, 18 parts of miberal powder, 23 parts of flyash, 28 parts of solid sulfur ash, 12 parts of silicon ash, 6 parts of carbide slag, 1200 parts of coarse aggregate, 580 parts of fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate 45 parts, 2 parts of fiber, 0.4 part of latex powder, 8 parts of swelling agent, 0.8 part of water-reducing agent, 160 parts of water, based on parts by weight.

A kind of preparation method of C20P4 subway concrete, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) raw material are accurately weighed by above-mentioned weight ratio, by cement, miberal powder, flyash, solid sulfur ash, silicon ash, calcium carbide Slag, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate, fiber, latex powder, swelling agent are put into concrete mixer；

(2) water-reducing agent and water are mixed into the dilute solution containing water-reducing agent again；

(3) start blender, stirring 30s is uniformly mixed the material in blender first, then starts even into blender Above-mentioned dilute solution is added in speed, and dilute solution all adds time control within the scope of 15s, continues to stir 5min, can be prepared by C20P4 subway concrete.

Embodiment 4:

A kind of C20P4 subway concrete, is made of following material: be made of following material: 203 parts of cement, 15 parts of miberal powder, 20 parts of flyash, 25 parts of solid sulfur ash, 10 parts of silicon ash, 5 parts of carbide slag, 1250 parts of coarse aggregate, 540 parts of fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate 60 parts, 2.1 parts of fiber, 0.42 part of latex powder, 8.5 parts of swelling agent, 0.85 part of water-reducing agent, 158 parts of water, based on parts by weight.

A kind of preparation method of C20P4 subway concrete, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) raw material are accurately weighed by above-mentioned weight ratio, by cement, miberal powder, flyash, solid sulfur ash, silicon ash, calcium carbide Slag, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate, fiber, latex powder, swelling agent are put into concrete mixer；

(2) water-reducing agent and water are mixed into the dilute solution containing water-reducing agent again；

(3) start blender, stirring 60s is uniformly mixed the material in blender first, then starts even into blender Above-mentioned dilute solution is added in speed, and dilute solution all adds time control within the scope of 15s, and continuing stirring 3min can be prepared by C20P4 subway concrete.

Embodiment 5:

A kind of C20P4 subway concrete, is made of following material: be made of following material: 203 parts of cement, 15 parts of miberal powder, 20 parts of flyash, 25 parts of solid sulfur ash, 10 parts of silicon ash, 5 parts of carbide slag, 1150 parts of coarse aggregate, 600 parts of fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate 30 parts, 1.9 parts of fiber, 0.38 part of latex powder, 7.5 parts of swelling agent, 0.75 part of water-reducing agent, 163 parts of water, based on parts by weight.

A kind of preparation method of C20P4 subway concrete, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) raw material are accurately weighed by above-mentioned weight ratio, by cement, miberal powder, flyash, solid sulfur ash, silicon ash, calcium carbide Slag, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate, fiber, latex powder, swelling agent are put into concrete mixer；

(2) water-reducing agent and water are mixed into the dilute solution containing water-reducing agent again；

(3) start blender, stirring 60s is uniformly mixed the material in blender first, then starts even into blender Above-mentioned dilute solution is added in speed, and dilute solution all adds time control within the scope of 15s, and continuing stirring 3min can be prepared by C20P4 subway concrete.

Above-described embodiment 1-5 is formulated substance used, wherein cement is selected from 42.5 cement of P.O, by Dujiang weir Lafarge water Mud Co., Ltd provides, and performance test results are as follows: normal consistency water requirement 26.7%, specific surface area 369m²·kg^-1, just Solidifying time 170min, final setting time 246min, 3 days flexural strength 6.0MPa, 28 days flexural strength 8.3MPa, 3 days compression strength 31.2MPa, 28 days compression strength 50.1MPa, SO₃Content 2.03% (≤3.5%), content of MgO 2.41% (≤5%) are stabilized Property it is qualified.

Wherein, miberal powder is selected from S95 grades of graining blast-furnace cinder micro-powders, is provided by Chengdu Tong Xin building materials Co., Ltd, performance Testing result is as follows: specific surface area 420m²·kg^-1, than 100.5%, 28 day compressive strength rate 96.8% of fluidity.

Wherein, flyash is selected from I grade of flyash of original state F class, is provided by Sichuan Tie Run commerce and trade Co., Ltd, performance detection As a result as follows: normal consistency water requirement 24.0%, specific surface area 476m²·kg^-1, SO₃Content 1.3%, content of MgO 0.80%, 28 days compressive strength rates 93.5%.

Wherein, solid sulfur ash is selected from the solid sulfur ash by grinding processing, and original state solid sulfur ash is by Neijiang City in Sichuan Province Baima thermoelectricity Factory provides, and the performance test results of solid sulfur ash are as follows after grinding processing: normal consistency water requirement 37.9%, specific surface area are 735m²·kg^-1, SO₃Content 8.7%, content of MgO 2.74%, 28 days compressive strength rates 84.6%.Wherein, the solid sulfur ash Grinding processing method are as follows: weigh grinding in a certain amount of original state solid sulfur ash investment 500 × 500mm of Φ cement testing ball mill 60min.

Wherein, silicon ash is selected from the silicon ash of high activity, is provided by Sichuan Hui Ye silicon ash Materials Co., Ltd, performance detection knot Fruit is as follows: SiO₂Content is 92.6%, specific surface area 22000m²·kg^-1, 28 days activity indexs are 121%.

Wherein, carbide slag is selected from the carbide slag after being dried, and original state carbide slag is mentioned by Sichuan Tie Run commerce and trade Co., Ltd For moisture content 79.3%, the performance test results of carbide slag are as follows after drying process: CaO content 71.26%, Cl^-Content 0.085%, D50=21.53um.Wherein, the carbide slag drying method are as follows: weigh a certain amount of original state carbide slag, first 48h (stirring once at interval of 2h) is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C in dryer, the carbide slag after drying is then put into Φ 500 Grinding 10min in × 500mm cement testing ball mill, it is spare for 24 hours that taking-up continues drying.

Wherein, coarse aggregate is selected from the stone of 5-20mm Continuous Particle Size.

Wherein, fine aggregate sand, fineness modulus 2.67, particle size distribution in natural river sand, category meets national mark 2nd area of natural sand requires in quasi- GB/T 14684-2011 " construction sand ", clay content 0.1%.

Wherein, lightweight fine aggregate is selected from the high-titanium slag by screening process of milling, and original state high-titanium slag climbs branch by providing Flower iron company provides, and quality water absorption rate more dry than saturation plane is 12.2%.The method for sieving of milling of the high-titanium slag are as follows: will be former Shape high-titanium slag puts into grinding 3min in 500 × 500mm of Φ cement testing ball mill, makes the discrete particles in original state high-titanium slag Or weak structure (such as part macropore) is destroyed, and then crosses 4.75mm sieve, it is spare to leave and take 4.75mm or less particle.Wherein, 4.75mm or less grain fineness modulus is 2.85.

Wherein, fiber is selected from basalt fibre, is provided by Tian Zhitu Science and Technology Ltd., Shenzhen, by different length specification Basalt fibre compound to obtain in certain mass ratio, the ratio are as follows: basalt fibre (35mm): basalt fibre (15mm): basalt fibre (6mm)=20:30:40.

Wherein, latex powder be selected from Wa Ke company, Germany offer 8031H type redispersable latex powder (technical grade, effectively at Divide >=98%).

Wherein, swelling agent is selected from the active expanding agent that Sichuan beauty occupies the offer of building materials Co., Ltd, and free swelling rate is 0.02-0.06%.

Wherein, water-reducing agent is selected from Sika3301 type high performance water reducing agent of polyocarboxy acid, by Sequa Corp, Switzerland It provides, solid content 50%, water-reducing rate 40% is good with cement and mineral admixture adaptability.

C20P4 subway concrete prepared by Examples 1 to 5 is tested for the property, as a result as follows:

	Embodiment 1	Embodiment 2	Embodiment 3	Embodiment 4	Embodiment 5
						Slump/mm	230	230	225	230	225
Divergence/mm	560	570	560	580	560
						28 days compression strength/MPa	24.3	25.6	23.8	24.7	23.5
Seepage-resistant grade	P4	P4	P4	P4	P4

By data in upper table it is found that the C20P4 subway concrete of Examples 1 to 5 preparation has good slump, extension Degree, 28d compression strength are all larger than 20MPa, and seepage-resistant grade reaches P4, this shows that the present invention prepares subway concrete and meets C20P4 Requirement.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Modification done within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all contain Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of C20P4 subway concrete, it is characterised in that: be made of following material: 181-225 parts of cement, miberal powder 10-20 Part, 15-25 parts of flyash, 20-30 parts of solid sulfur ash, 5-15 parts of silicon ash, 3-7 parts of carbide slag, 1100-1300 parts of coarse aggregate, thin bone Expect 520-620 parts, 30-60 parts of lightweight fine aggregate, 1-3 parts of fiber, 0.2-0.6 parts of latex powder, 4-12 parts of swelling agent, water-reducing agent 0.5-1.2 parts, 150-170 parts of water, based on parts by weight.

2. a kind of C20P4 subway concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be made of following material: by following Material composition: 191-212 parts of cement, 13-18 parts of miberal powder, 18-23 parts of flyash, 23-28 parts of solid sulfur ash, 8-12 parts of silicon ash, electricity 4-6 parts of rock ballast, 1150-1250 parts of coarse aggregate, 540-600 parts of fine aggregate, 40-50 parts of lightweight fine aggregate, 1.9-2.1 parts of fiber, 0.38-0.42 parts of latex powder, 7.5-8.5 parts of swelling agent, 0.75-0.85 parts of water-reducing agent, 158-163 parts of water, based on parts by weight.

3. a kind of C20P4 subway concrete according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: be made of following material: by following Material composition: 203 parts of cement, 15 parts of miberal powder, 20 parts of flyash, 25 parts of solid sulfur ash, 10 parts of silicon ash, 5 parts of carbide slag, coarse aggregate 1200 parts, 580 parts of fine aggregate, 45 parts of lightweight fine aggregate, 2 parts of fiber, 0.4 part of latex powder, 8 parts of swelling agent, 0.8 part of water-reducing agent, 160 parts of water, based on parts by weight.

4. a kind of C20P4 subway concrete according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: component presses specific surface area Sequence: silicon ash > solid sulfur ash > flyash > miberal powder > cement.

5. a kind of C20P4 subway concrete according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: cement, miberal powder, fine coal Ash, solid sulfur ash, silicon ash, carbide slag constitute the gelling system of concrete；Coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate collectively form The aggregate system of concrete.

6. a kind of C20P4 subway concrete according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: the cement is selected from P.O 42.5 cement, specific surface area 369m²·kg^-1；The miberal powder is selected from S95 grades of graining blast-furnace cinder micro-powders, and specific surface area is 420m²·kg^-1。

7. a kind of C20P4 subway concrete according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: the flyash is selected from I grade of flyash of original state F class, specific surface area 476m²·kg^-1；The solid sulfur ash is selected from the solid sulfur ash by grinding processing, specific surface Product is 735m²·kg^-1；The silicon ash is selected from the silicon ash of high activity, specific surface area 22000m²·kg^-1；The carbide slag is selected from Carbide slag after drying process.

8. a kind of C20P4 subway concrete according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: the coarse aggregate is selected from The stone of 5-20mm Continuous Particle Size；The fine aggregate is selected from natural river sand, sand in category, fineness modulus 2.67；The lightweight is thin Aggregate is selected from the high-titanium slag by screening process of milling.

9. a kind of C20P4 subway concrete according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: the fiber is selected from profound Military rock fiber is compounded to obtain by the basalt fibre of different length specification in certain mass ratio, the compounding mass ratio are as follows: 35mm basalt fibre: 15mm basalt fibre: 6mm basalt fibre=(20-40): (30-40): (30-40)；The latex Powder is selected from 8031H type redispersable latex powder, effective component >=98%；The swelling agent is selected from active expanding agent, free wxpansion Rate is 0.02-0.06%；The water-reducing agent is selected from Sika3301 type high performance water reducing agent of polyocarboxy acid.

10. a kind of preparation method of C20P4 subway concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: specific steps are such as Under:

(1) raw material are accurately weighed by above-mentioned weight ratio, by cement, miberal powder, flyash, solid sulfur ash, silicon ash, carbide slag, thick Aggregate, fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate, fiber, latex powder, swelling agent are put into concrete mixer；

(2) water-reducing agent and water are mixed into the dilute solution containing water-reducing agent again；

(3) start blender, stirring 30-60s is uniformly mixed the material in blender first, then starts into blender at the uniform velocity Above-mentioned dilute solution is added, dilute solution all adds time control within the scope of 10-20s, continues to stir 3-5min, can make Obtain C20P4 subway concrete.