CN109502993A - A kind of porous structure processing method in material surface - Google Patents
A kind of porous structure processing method in material surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN109502993A CN109502993A CN201811295891.2A CN201811295891A CN109502993A CN 109502993 A CN109502993 A CN 109502993A CN 201811295891 A CN201811295891 A CN 201811295891A CN 109502993 A CN109502993 A CN 109502993A
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- solid particle
- porous structure
- bonding agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C23/00—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
- B23P9/02—Treating or finishing by applying pressure, e.g. knurling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of porous structure processing methods in material surface, suitable for metal, ceramics, glass, polymer and by above-mentioned material processing composite material on form porous structure, comprising: Step 1: molding die, roll or material surface coat bonding agent；Step 2: being bonded in solid particle on the surface coated with bonding agent；Step 3: by the solid particle insert material surface layer of bonding；Step 4: the solid particle on removing insert material surface layer forms several holes.The present invention utilizes simple, reliable method, in the composite layer that metal, ceramics, glass, polymer and above-mentioned material are processed into through combination process, preparing void shape, size and porosity etc. can be convenient the porous structure of adjustment, the surface property of material is significantly changed, the application range of material can be widened.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the porous knots of the material surfaces such as field of material processing, especially metal, ceramics, glass, polymer
Structure processing method.
Background technique
Forming the superficial layer of the materials such as metal, ceramics, glass, polymer has certain porosity, pass, aperture and hole
The porous structure of diameter distribution, can assign above-mentioned material some new performances, generate some new applications.
Forming the method for porous structure on the surface of the material at present is mainly mechanical processing method, chemical corrosion method, sintering process, heat
Spray coating method, galvanoplastic, anodizing, vapour deposition process, casting etc., the various materials with porous surface of these methods preparation
Expect different properties, have found application in different field respectively, while there is also such or such disadvantages:
Firstly, being formed by surface porous layer and matrix is not identical material, and there are porous vesicular surfaces in addition to first two method
With the adhesion problem of matrix；
Secondly, the above method to surface hole defect shape, bore hole size, hole in the adjustment of the arrangement mode on surface, exist
More or less limitation；
All there is certain limitation to the applicability of material in third, above-mentioned various methods, as chemical corrosion method is difficult to apply
In glass, ceramics and polymer, sintering process and casting are dfficult to apply to glass and polymer, hot spray process, galvanoplastic, anode
Oxidizing process, mechanical processing method etc. are just more more to the limitation of material.
4th, some of which method processing cost is expensive, and such as galvanoplastic and vapour deposition process, there are also certain methods presence
Serious problem of environmental pollution, such as chemical corrosion method and anodizing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention develops a kind of preparation side that porous structure is formed in material surfaces such as metal, ceramics, glass, polymer
Method, it is desirable that simple process is adjusted porosity, hole pattern, aperture and pore-size distribution with can be convenient, and is by as follows
What technical solution was realized.
A kind of porous structure processing method in material surface is suitable in metal, ceramics, glass, polymer, Yi Jiyou
Porous structure is formed on the composite material of above-mentioned material processing, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: coating bonding agent in molding die, roll or material surface；
Step 2: being bonded in solid particle on the surface coated with bonding agent；
Step 3: by the solid particle insert material surface layer of bonding；
Step 4: the solid particle on removing insert material surface layer forms several holes.
Wherein, selected solid particle be two kinds in metal, nonmetallic, mixture particle or above-mentioned substance or
The complex of a variety of particles, under molding technological condition, the hardness of the solid particle should be greater than material processed surface hardness.
The size of the solid particle should be matched with the bore hole size that material surface to be formed, the particle size range of solid particle
Between 0.2 micron to 10000 microns.
Preferably, in step 1, pore-forming regional location or molding die, the coating of roll corresponding position are needed on the surface of the material
One or more layers bonding agent.
Preferably, in step 2, by bonding agent or with bonding agent medium setting on the surface of the material, molding die table
Solid particle is bonded on the surface of the material or on molding die, roller surface by face, roller surface using bonding agent；
Solid particle quantity, partial size, distribution by adjusting unit area surface bonding, control material surface porous layer
Porosity.
It preferably, by the solid particle insert material surface layer of bonding is realized by moulding process in step 3, institute
The moulding process stated is the solid particle insertion material processed that will be bonded on the surface of the material or on molding die, roller surface
Surface layer, that is, form the combined structure of solid particle of material surface and insertion.
Preferably, in step 4, the method for the solid particle on removing insertion material processed surface layer is mechanical, physics
Or chemical method or the above method combination.
Preferably, the Mechanical Method removing solid particle includes mechanical shock, vehicle, milling, plane, mill, bores processing；Physical method is de-
Except solid particle includes heating phase transformation liquefaction, gasification, explosion, laser, utilizes the change dramatically of temperature or pressure；Chemical method removing
Solid particle includes thermal decomposition, dissolution, chemical reaction, electrolysis.
Preferably, it is embedded in the material that the solid particle on material processed surface layer after selectively removing, was originally occupied by it
Surface location is vacated, form with embedded solid particulate form and hole same or similar in size, and between Kong Yukong
Hole wall be still material processed matrix.
The present invention utilizes simple, reliable method, in metal, ceramics, glass, polymer and above-mentioned material through compound work
The composite layer that skill is processed into, preparing void shape, size and porosity etc. can be convenient the porous structure of adjustment, make material
The surface property of material significantly changes, and can widen the application range of material, and this method is expected in composite material preparation, mechanical system
It makes, production, space flight facility, weaponry, electric apparatus, the telecommunications of transport facilitys such as automobile, aircraft, steamer etc. produce
All conglomeraties such as the manufacture of product are widely used.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that institute
The embodiment of description is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention,
Every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, belongs to this hair
The range of bright protection.
A kind of porous structure processing method in material surface is suitable in metal, ceramics, glass, polymer, Yi Jiyou
Porous structure is formed on the composite material of above-mentioned material processing, is realized by following steps:
Step 1: coating bonding agent in molding die, roll or material surface；
Step 2: solid particle is bonded on the surface coated with bonding agent before bonding agent is uncured；
Step 3: by moulding process, by the solid particle insert material surface layer of bonding；
Step 4: the solid particle on removing insert material surface layer forms several holes.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, selected solid particle be metal, nonmetallic, mixture particle or
The complex of two or more particles in above-mentioned substance, or natural or artificial particle or crystalline state or amorphous state
The particle that particle or primary particle, second particle either powder are prepared through prilling.
Therefore, the size of solid particle should be matched with the bore hole size that material surface to be formed, the partial size model of solid particle
It is trapped among between 0.2 micron to 10000 microns.
In processing, under molding technological condition, the hardness of selected fixed solid particle should be greater than the surface of material processed
Hardness.Molding technological condition includes the conditions such as temperature, humidity, environment ventilation and working environment, according to the difference of Material Processing,
Condition is also different, and wherein temperature is principal element, and other conditions influence processing quality.
After the completion of processing and forming, above-mentioned selected particle can be easily with mechanical, physics or chemical method choosing
The removal of selecting property.
Bonding agent is organic or inorganic, natural or synthesis or solvent type, response type or heat molten type
's；Bonding agent is selected above-mentioned one or more.Industrial bonding agent can be adapted for the present invention substantially.
When selecting bonding agent, selected bonding agent should have suitable performance.Bonding agent selected first should have compared with
Good bonding force, so that solid particle can be bonded in the surface of mold or material processed before curing, after secondly solidifying
There are enough adhesive strengths on bonding agent reply solid particle and mold or material processed surface, to guarantee in molding process
The middle setting position that solid particle can be fixed on to material or die surface, third, bonding agent should have suitable curing rate, tool
For body, i.e., answered before being bonded solid particle it is uncured, carry out processing and forming when answer it is cured, the 4th, processing and forming complete
Bonding agent should not interfere part to be removed from the mold the adhesive force of mold afterwards, the 5th, piece surface adherency bonding agent residual
Object should not interfere the solid particle on subsequent selective removing insert material surface layer.
Pore-forming regional location or molding die, roll corresponding position coating bonding agent, bonding agent coating are needed on the surface of the material
Technique can be used spraying, brushing, erasing, roller coating, blade coating, dip-coating, showering, one of the techniques such as electrophoresis applies, silk screen applies or
Several, adhesive can only coat one layer or coated with multiple layer, and for latter situation, the type of each layer of bonding agent can phase
Together, it can also be different.
Before bonding agent is uncured, the surface for making selected solid particle be bonded in mold, roll or material processed is applied
The region of bonding agent has been covered, after bonding agent solidification, will have been scattered with the methods of hairbrush cleaning or compressed air spraying uncoated viscous
The solid particle in agent region is connect, and is not disposed with the solid particle that bonding agent directly contacts in coating adhesive region.Or
Solid particle bonding is needed into pore-forming regional location or molding die, roll corresponding position surface on the surface of the material by medium.?
Under above situation, double-sided adhesive is can be selected in medium, is uniformly bonded solid particle by double-sided adhesive, reaches identical purpose.
The method for making the surface bonding agent of mold, roll or material processed be bonded solid particle has spraying, sheds, and leads to
Cross the solid particle quantity of control unit area surface bonding, the porosity of adjustable final porous layer.
In most cases, according to the above method mold, roll or material processed surface bonding stratum granulosum be single layer,
If the bonding agent of coating is thicker, it is also possible to which multilayer, determined according to process requirements.
In addition, solid particle can only be bonded in for the fluidised form molding of liquid phase molding, powder compacting or polymer
Molding die surface, for the plastic forming of block materials, solid particle optionally can be bonding according to process requirement
On molding die surface or processed block materials surface.
Moulding process includes the various industrial forming methods of metal, ceramics, glass, polymer, such as cast, squeeze, rolling,
The forming methods such as forging, punching press, compacting, casting, injection, injection, the hardness of solid particle is greater than added in molding process
The hardness of work material surface, the surface layer of solid particle stress effect insertion material processed；After processing and forming, material processed
The surface layer of setting regions is the combined structure of solid particle for foring material matrix and insertion.
According to process characteristic, the material after some processing and formings is directly entered selectively removing solid particle process, some
Just enter selectively removing solid particle process after first passing through sintering, heat treatment, machining or surface treatment；Removing insertion
The method of the solid particle on material processed surface layer can be mechanical, physics or chemical method or the above method
Combination；Mechanical Method removes solid particle such as mechanical shock, vehicle, plane, mill, Milling Machining；Physical method removing solid particle such as heats phase
Become (liquefaction, gasification), explosion, laser, utilize temperature or the change dramatically of pressure etc.；Chemical method removes solid particle such as heat point
Solution, dissolution, chemical reaction, electrolysis etc.；Using the method for which kind of removing solid particle, material processed and insertion need to be comprehensively considered
The characteristic of the solid particle on its surface layer, basic principle are that the solid particle on insertion material processed surface layer is done by selectively removing
Only, and material matrix itself is not damaged, or only slightly damaged, but has no effect on the function of hole.
The material surface position that the solid particle on insertion material processed surface layer after selectively removing, was originally occupied by it
Vacate, form one by one with embedded solid particulate form and hole same or similar in size, and between Kong Yukong
Hole wall is still material processed matrix.
Using the above method surface layer porous structure that on the surface of the material prepared by setting position, porosity can pass through change
The solid particle quantity of unit area bonding and the size of solid particle are adjusted, and aperture and empty shape can be by changing
The size and shape for becoming solid particle are adjusted.
It is illustrated by the following examples, for glass pane surface forms spherical hole porous layer.
In the present embodiment, material processed is a kind of soda-lime glass plate, having a size of 142*69*1.2mm, selects partial size
It is 15-35 microns, the ratio beyond this particle size range is not more than 15% 304 powder of stainless steel particle of spherical shape, and bonding agent is selected
Commercially available 502 glue.
After glass-cutting edging, after being cleaned up with RTs204B aqueous-base cleaning agent solution and deionized water, heat drying,
It is uniformly coated in the range of a plate face surrounding of glass plate is away from side 10mm with diluted 502 bonding agent of acetone, bonding agent
It 1-3 microns of coating thickness, volatilizees 1-5 minutes to solvent, before bonding agent is uncured, powder of stainless steel particle is shed viscous
It connects in agent, after bonding agent solidification, is blown off stainless steel particles not Nian Jie with bonding agent with compressed air.
In moulding process, mold inner-cavity material is diamondite, it is desirable that its surface roughness Ra < 0.6 micron.
Technique uses precision hot pressing forming furnace for Toshiba GMP-311V, and 800 DEG C of maximum heating temperature, maximum pressure
30000N。
The plate face that above-mentioned glass plate is bonded with stainless steel particles is put into lower mode cavity upward, upper mold circle is covered and pushes down bonding
Stainless steel particles, mold and glass plate are heated to 570-580 DEG C together under nitrogen protection, molding pressurization, stainless steel
In grain insertion glass plate, pressure maintaining is cooled to 300-350 DEG C, and demoulding is residual after first passing through grinding removal bonding agent volatilization after cooling
Object is stayed, is then removed the stainless steel particle erosion for being embedded in glass plate surface layer in RTs915C stainless steel etching solution clean；
In embodiment, single layer spherical shape hole porous layer, glass-board surface measurement are prepared in glass-board surface according to the above method
Hole hole diameter is 5-25 microns, and hole full-size is suitable with the stainless steel grain diameter of insertion under plate face, is that 15-35 is micro-
Rice.The stainless steel amounts of particles that the porosity of porous layer can adhere to by adjusting glass-board surface unit area is adjusted, in reality
It applies in example, the porous layer porosity of glass plate is 23%-52%.
Above it is only a wherein embodiment of the invention, metal can also be processed by means of the present invention, ceramics, gathered
Close object, and the composite material being made of above-mentioned material.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of porous structure processing method in material surface, it is suitable in metal, ceramics, glass, polymer and by upper
It states and forms porous structure on the composite material of material processing, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: coating bonding agent in molding die, roll or material surface；
Step 2: being bonded in solid particle on the surface coated with bonding agent；
Step 3: by the solid particle insert material surface layer of bonding；
Step 4: the solid particle on removing insert material surface layer forms several holes.
2. porous structure processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the solid particle is metal, non-gold
The complex of category, the particle of mixture or two or more particles in above-mentioned substance, under molding technological condition, solid
The hardness of grain should be greater than material processed surface hardness.
3. porous structure processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the size Ying Yucai of the solid particle
The bore hole size the to be formed matching of material surface layer, the particle size range of solid particle is between 0.2 micron to 10000 microns.
4. porous structure processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1, need on the surface of the material
Pore-forming regional location either molding die, roll corresponding position coat one or more layers bonding agent.
5. porous structure processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 2, by bonding agent or tool
Have bonding agent medium setting on the surface of the material, molding die surface, roller surface, solid particle is bonded in using bonding agent
On material surface or molding die, roller surface；
Solid particle quantity, partial size, distribution by adjusting unit area surface bonding, control the hole of material surface porous layer
Rate.
6. porous structure processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 3, by the solid of bonding
Particle insert material surface layer is realized by moulding process, the moulding process, is that will be bonded on the surface of the material or form
The surface layer of solid particle insertion material processed on mold, roller surface, that is, form the solid of material surface and insertion
The combined structure of grain.
7. porous structure processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 4, added by removing insertion
The method of the solid particle of work material surface is the combination of mechanical, physics or chemical method or the above method.
8. porous structure processing method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the Mechanical Method removes solid particle packet
It includes mechanical shock, vehicle, milling, plane, mill, bore processing；Physical method removing solid particle includes heating phase transformation, explosion, laser, utilizes temperature
The change dramatically of degree or pressure；It includes thermal decomposition, dissolution, chemical reaction, electrolysis that chemical method, which removes solid particle,.
9. porous structure processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the solid on insertion material processed surface layer
Particle is vacated by the material surface position after selectively removing, originally occupied by it, is formd and embedded solid particle shape
Shape and hole same or similar in size, and the hole wall between Kong Yukong is still material processed matrix.
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| CN201811295891.2A CN109502993A (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | A kind of porous structure processing method in material surface |
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| CN201811295891.2A CN109502993A (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | A kind of porous structure processing method in material surface |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113001856A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-22 | 上海中卡智能卡有限公司 | Method for increasing surface roughness of PET polyester sheet |
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| CN101903125A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2010-12-01 | 金属泡沫技术有限公司 | Open cell porous material, and a method of, and mixture for, making same |
| CN106086779A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 王华胜 | A kind of micro-or nano size circulation aperture cellular solid and preparation method thereof |
| CN106512103A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-03-22 | 西南交通大学 | Preparation method of porous structural ceramic material |
| CN108191254A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-06-22 | 浙江大学 | A kind of preparation method of glass surface porous structure |
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| US3888691A (en) * | 1972-10-06 | 1975-06-10 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Porous ceramic |
| CN101903125A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2010-12-01 | 金属泡沫技术有限公司 | Open cell porous material, and a method of, and mixture for, making same |
| CN101824617A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-08 | 西南交通大学 | Process method for realizing porousness of surface of iron and steel material |
| CN106086779A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 王华胜 | A kind of micro-or nano size circulation aperture cellular solid and preparation method thereof |
| CN106512103A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-03-22 | 西南交通大学 | Preparation method of porous structural ceramic material |
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| CN113001856A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-22 | 上海中卡智能卡有限公司 | Method for increasing surface roughness of PET polyester sheet |
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