CN109499750B - Metal mineral separation flotation process - Google Patents
Metal mineral separation flotation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109499750B CN109499750B CN201811350283.7A CN201811350283A CN109499750B CN 109499750 B CN109499750 B CN 109499750B CN 201811350283 A CN201811350283 A CN 201811350283A CN 109499750 B CN109499750 B CN 109499750B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
- B03D1/24—Pneumatic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ore pulp flotation, and particularly relates to a metal mineral separation flotation process; the process comprises the following steps: primarily crushing mined metal ores through a jaw crusher to enable metal ore particles to be smaller than 1 cm; putting the crushed metal mineral particles into a ball mill for crushing and grinding to obtain metal mineral powder with the diameter less than 1 millimeter; putting the metal mineral powder into a spiral classifier to clean and classify the metal mineral powder, and separating magnetic substances in the metal mineral powder through a magnetic separator; adding the separated metal mineral powder into a metal mineral separation flotation machine, adding medicament alkyl sodium dithiocarbonate and pine tree oil into ore pulp in the metal mineral separation flotation machine, and simultaneously adding a proper amount of sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid into the ore pulp; the invention can generate a large amount of bubbles through the reaction of the sodium bicarbonate and the acetic acid, can more fully capture minerals and improve the flotation efficiency of ore pulp.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ore pulp flotation, and particularly relates to a metal mineral separation flotation process.
Background
In the metal and nonmetal separation method, the flotation method accounts for about 70%, and most of the ore dressing plants have flotation operation, so that the flotation machine is the most common ore dressing equipment. In the flotation machine, the ore pulp treated by adding the medicament is stirred and aerated to ensure that certain ore particles are selectively fixed on the bubbles; floating to the surface of the ore pulp, being scraped to form foam products, and the rest part is remained in the ore pulp so as to achieve the purpose of separating minerals. The flotation machine process, also called flotation separation, is a process for separating mineral particles by utilizing the difference of physicochemical properties of the surface of the mineral, and is the most widely applied separation method. It is mainly used for sorting nonferrous metals such as copper, zinc, lead, nickel and gold, and can also be used for roughing and selecting ferrous metals and non-metals. The flotation method is widely applied to separation of fine-grained embedded metal minerals, nonmetal minerals, chemical raw material minerals and the like.
Some technical solutions of flotation machines have also appeared in the prior art, for example, a chinese patent with application number 2017104525619 discloses a non-ferrous metal mine flotation device, which includes a separation tank, a mixing pipe, a guide pipe and a hollow shaft, etc., wherein the mixing pipe is vertically fixed in the middle of the separation tank, the guide pipe is sleeved outside the mixing pipe, the guide pipe and the mixing pipe are fixedly connected, the guide pipe and the mixing pipe form an ore pulp down-flow channel, the hollow shaft is coaxially arranged in the middle of the mixing pipe, the air outlet of the hollow shaft is close to the lower end of the mixing pipe, and the outer surface of the hollow shaft is provided with stirring blades.
This technical scheme enables ore pulp, foamer and air and fully collides, contacts at the compounding pipe, and the air can be more abundant even dispersion to the ore pulp in, can form the bubble of more quantity to the honeycomb duct makes the ore pulp circuitous flow in the separation tank, and the flow path of bubble in the flotation cell is longer, can be more abundant catch mineral, and the separation effect is better. However, the flotation machine does not process the liquid surface of the ore pulp in the flotation process, so that the generation amount of bubbles is small, and the floating resistance of the bubbles is large, and the flotation quality is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a metal mineral separation flotation process, and aims to solve the problem of low flotation efficiency of metal minerals in the flotation process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a metal mineral separation flotation process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: primarily crushing mined metal ores through a jaw crusher to enable the diameter of metal ore particles to be smaller than 1 cm, so that the metal ore particles are convenient to grind;
s2: putting the crushed metal mineral particles in the S1 into a ball mill for crushing and grinding to obtain metal mineral powder with the diameter less than 1 mm, which is beneficial to the flotation of minerals;
s3: the metal mineral powder obtained in the step S2 is put into a spiral classifier to clean and classify the metal mineral powder, then the magnetic separator separates the magnetic substances in the metal mineral powder, and the magnetic separator separates different minerals according to different specific magnetization coefficients of the minerals, so that the next step of flotation is facilitated;
s4: the metal mineral powder after the preliminary separation in the S3 is put into a metal mineral separation flotation machine, medicament alkyl sodium dithiocarbonate and pine oil are added into the ore pulp in the metal mineral separation flotation machine, meanwhile, a proper amount of sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid are added into the ore pulp, the sodium bicarbonate and the acetic acid react to generate a large amount of bubbles, minerals can be captured more fully, the flotation efficiency is improved, the needed metal is separated from other substances in the metal mineral powder, and the addition of the alkyl sodium dithiocarbonate and the pine oil can reduce the surface tension of the ore pulp solution on one hand, so that the air filled into water is easy to disperse into the bubbles and stabilize the bubbles, and on the other hand, the two can be combined together and adsorbed on the surfaces of mineral particles, so that the mineral particles float;
s5: taking out the required minerals separated in the step S4 from the metal mineral separation flotation machine, primarily concentrating the taken-out minerals by using a concentrator, and drying the minerals by using a dryer to obtain dried metal minerals;
the metal mineral separation flotation machine in the S4 and S5 comprises a cylinder body, a telescopic cylinder, an annular air bag, an arc-shaped plate, a pressure plate and an air pipe; the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end of the cylinder body; the pressure plate is fixedly connected to the top end of a telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder; the plurality of arc-shaped plates are arranged between the pressure plate and the barrel body, the arc-shaped plates are uniformly distributed around the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder in the circumferential direction, the upper ends of the arc-shaped plates are hinged to the bottom of the pressure plate through connecting blocks, the lower ends of the arc-shaped plates are hinged to the bottom of the barrel body through connecting blocks, the arc-shaped plates bend towards the inner wall of the barrel body, and the arc-shaped plates are used for extruding the annular air bag to deform the; the annular air bag is sleeved outside the arc-shaped plate which is surrounded into a circle, a plurality of air holes for ventilation are formed in the annular air bag, air in the annular air bag is discharged through the air holes to generate bubbles to capture minerals, and ore pulp is subjected to flotation; the vent pipe is communicated with the annular air bag and extends to the outside of the barrel body after penetrating through the barrel body. The during operation, in throwing into the barrel with the mixture of metal ore and water, ventilate to annular gasbag through the breather pipe that is located outside and make annular gasbag bloated to the biggest, start telescopic cylinder, telescopic cylinder drives the pressure disk downstream that links firmly on the telescopic link, thereby make pressure disk and annular gasbag contact and extrusion, inside air passes through the even circumference air current of formation of gas pocket uniform discharge behind the annular gasbag pressurized, produce a large amount of bubbles simultaneously, improve the mixing efficiency of ore pulp and air, and then improve the efficiency of ore pulp flotation. Meanwhile, when the pressure plate moves downwards, the arc-shaped plate fixedly connected to the pressure plate is pressed to be bent and deformed, so that the annular air bag is extruded, the orientation of the air hole is changed after the annular air bag is extruded, the air flow direction is changed when the air is discharged through the air hole, the air and ore pulp are mixed more sufficiently, and the ore pulp flotation efficiency is improved.
The arc-shaped plate comprises an arc-shaped upper plate, an arc-shaped lower plate, a swinging spring and a rubber rod; the swing spring is connected with the arc-shaped upper plate and the arc-shaped upper plate; the lower end surface of the arc-shaped upper plate is provided with a groove matched with the rubber rod; the lower end of the rubber rod is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped lower plate, and the upper end of the rubber rod is inserted into the groove. The during operation, pressure disk downstream extrusion arc, arc upper plate, arc hypoplastron and rubber pole are bending deformation along with swing spring, and when swing spring swung the certain degree, rubber pole upper end breaks away from the recess and kick-backs rapidly and beats and produce the vibration on the annular gasbag lateral wall, and the vibration can accelerate the ore pulp flow and make the bubble shift up inside the ore pulp, and the air of being convenient for like this and fully contact between the ore pulp are favorable to improving the efficiency of ore pulp flotation.
A steel ball is arranged in the annular air bag; the diameter of the steel ball is larger than that of the air hole in the annular air bag, the diameter of the steel ball is smaller than that of the vent pipe, the upper spherical surface and the lower spherical surface of the steel ball are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular air bag through elastic ropes, and the steel ball is located at a position close to the middle of the inner ring side wall of the annular air bag in a balanced state; the side wall of the inner ring of the annular air bag is provided with a lug; the convex blocks are opposite to the steel balls. During operation, close the breather pipe and stop ventilating annular gasbag, when the rubber pole that the arc upper plate upper end of arc linked firmly bends to a certain extent, the recess that rubber pole upper end breaks away from on the arc upper plate kick-backs rapidly and beats on annular gasbag lateral wall, annular gasbag atress produces deformation and drives the abrupt piece motion striking that links firmly on the annular gasbag lateral wall on the steel ball, the steel ball receives behind the very big impact rapid movement and directly passes the gas pocket on the annular gasbag and produce very big vibration, make the bubble increase, make ore pulp and more bubble combine and then improve the efficiency of ore pulp flotation.
The side wall of the cylinder body is provided with a controller; a ventilation branch pipe is arranged between the ventilation pipe and the telescopic cylinder, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged in the middle of the ventilation branch pipe; a return spring is arranged between the bottom of a telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder and the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder, and an air outlet pipe is arranged on the side wall of the telescopic cylinder; a one-way air outlet valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe; the controller is used for controlling the electromagnetic valve and the one-way air outlet valve. When the air inflation device works, the steel ball penetrates through the air hole, the air hole is blocked under the action of the elastic rope, the air pipe starts to ventilate, the electromagnetic valve switch on the ventilation branch pipe is opened through the controller, the air hole on the annular air bag is blocked by the steel ball, the air flow enters the telescopic cylinder through the ventilation branch pipe, the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder is pushed by the air flow to move upwards to the maximum position, so that the arc-shaped plate and the annular air bag recover deformation, the upper end of the rubber rod fixedly connected to the arc-shaped upper plate is clamped into the groove on the arc-shaped upper plate again, the elastic rope applies pulling force when the annular air bag recovers the shape, the steel ball is pulled to pass through the air hole on the annular air bag to return to the initial position, the electromagnetic valve on the ventilation branch pipe is closed through the controller, the air in, the air is discharged from the telescopic cylinder through the air outlet pipe, the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder moves downwards under the action of the reset spring, and the pressure plate fixedly connected onto the telescopic rod moves downwards to contact the annular air bag and extrude the annular air bag, so that the whole circulation process is completed.
The elastic rope is fixedly connected to the swing rod; the swing rod is hinged on the inner wall of the annular air bag; a pull rope is arranged in an air hole of the annular air bag beside the swing rod; one end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to the side wall of the swing rod, the other end of the pull rope is fixedly connected with a rubber plug, and the rubber plug is used for plugging the air hole. During operation, after the steel ball passes through the air hole, the air hole is blocked due to the fact that the elastic rope is pulled under the action of the elastic rope, the swing rod rotates for a certain angle under the action of the elastic rope, the pull rope fixedly connected to the swing rod pulls the rubber plug to block the air hole beside the swing rod, air volume of other air holes in the annular air bag is increased, air flow is increased to accelerate ore pulp flowing, more bubbles are generated to be fully mixed with ore pulp, and ore pulp flotation efficiency is improved.
A concave pit is arranged on the inner wall of the annular air bag beside the swing rod; and a reset air bag is arranged in the pit. The during operation, pendulum rod swing is exerted pressure to the gasbag that resets when certain angle, the gasbag that resets produces after being compressed to warp and then extrudees the annular gasbag upper pit, make the annular gasbag take place certain deformation, thereby change the direction of gas pocket, make the air current through the gas pocket change, be favorable to bubble and ore pulp intensive mixing, when telescopic link as telescopic cylinder drove the pressure disk upward movement, exert pulling force to the elastic rope when the annular gasbag resumes, the gasbag that resets simultaneously applys certain effort to the pendulum rod and assists the elastic rope pulling steel ball to pass the gas pocket and get back to the initial position, make the steel ball pass the gas pocket more easily.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the metal mineral powder is obtained by crushing and grinding the ore, the metal mineral powder is ground into powder, the floatation of the mineral is facilitated, a large amount of bubbles are generated by adding sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid into the ore pulp, the mineral can be captured more fully, the ore pulp floatation speed is improved, the metal mineral separation floatation machine can generate more bubbles, the direction of the bubbles can be changed, the bubbles and the ore pulp are fully mixed, more ore particles are captured, and the ore pulp floatation efficiency is improved.
2. According to the invention, by adding the reagent sodium alkyl dithiocarbonate and pine oil into the ore pulp, on one hand, more stable bubbles generated by air in water can accelerate the capture of minerals, and on the other hand, ore particles can float faster, and the flotation efficiency of metal minerals is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the metal mineral separation flotation machine of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a in fig. 2.
In the figure: the device comprises a cylinder body 1, a telescopic cylinder 2, an annular air bag 3, an arc-shaped plate 4, an arc-shaped upper plate 41, an arc-shaped lower plate 42, a swing spring 43, a rubber rod 44, a groove 45, a pressure plate 5, a vent pipe 6, a steel ball 7, an elastic rope 8, a bump 9, a controller 10, a vent branch pipe 11, an electromagnetic valve 12, a return spring 13, an air outlet pipe 14, a one-way air outlet valve 15, a swing rod 16, a pull rope 17, a rubber plug 18, a pit 19 and a return air bag 20.
Detailed Description
A metal mineral separation flotation process of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the metal mineral separation flotation process of the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1: primarily crushing mined metal ores through a jaw crusher to enable the diameter of metal ore particles to be smaller than 1 cm, so that the metal ore particles are convenient to grind;
s2: putting the crushed metal mineral particles in the S1 into a ball mill for crushing and grinding to obtain metal mineral powder with the diameter less than 1 mm, which is beneficial to the flotation of minerals;
s3: the metal mineral powder obtained in the step S2 is put into a spiral classifier to clean and classify the metal mineral powder, then the magnetic separator separates the magnetic substances in the metal mineral powder, and the magnetic separator separates different minerals according to different specific magnetization coefficients of the minerals, so that the next step of flotation is facilitated;
s4: the metal mineral powder after the preliminary separation in the S3 is put into a metal mineral separation flotation machine, medicament alkyl sodium dithiocarbonate and pine oil are added into the ore pulp in the metal mineral separation flotation machine, meanwhile, a proper amount of sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid are added into the ore pulp, the sodium bicarbonate and the acetic acid react to generate a large amount of bubbles, minerals can be captured more fully, the flotation efficiency is improved, the needed metal is separated from other substances in the metal mineral powder, and the addition of the alkyl sodium dithiocarbonate and the pine oil can reduce the surface tension of the ore pulp solution on one hand, so that the air filled into water is easy to disperse into the bubbles and stabilize the bubbles, and on the other hand, the two can be combined together and adsorbed on the surfaces of mineral particles, so that the mineral particles float;
s5: taking out the required minerals separated in the step S4 from the metal mineral separation flotation machine, primarily concentrating the taken-out minerals by using a concentrator, and drying the minerals by using a dryer to obtain dried metal minerals;
the metal mineral separation flotation machine in the S4 and S5 comprises a cylinder body 1, a telescopic cylinder 2, an annular air bag 3, an arc-shaped plate 4, a pressure plate 5 and a vent pipe 6; the telescopic cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end of the cylinder body 1; the pressure plate 5 is fixedly connected to the top end of a telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder 2; the plurality of arc-shaped plates 4 are arranged between the pressure plate 5 and the barrel body 1, the arc-shaped plates 4 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction around the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder 2, the upper ends of the arc-shaped plates 4 are hinged to the bottom of the pressure plate 5 through connecting blocks, the lower ends of the arc-shaped plates 4 are hinged to the bottom of the barrel body 1 through connecting blocks, the arc-shaped plates 4 are bent towards the inner wall of the barrel body 1, and the arc-shaped plates 4 are used for extruding the annular air bag 3 to deform; the annular air bag 3 is sleeved on the outer side of the arc-shaped plate 4 which is encircled into a circle, a plurality of air holes for ventilation are formed in the annular air bag 3, air in the annular air bag 3 is discharged through the air holes to generate bubbles to capture minerals, and ore pulp is subjected to flotation; the vent pipe 6 is communicated with the annular air bag 3, and the vent pipe 6 penetrates through the barrel body 1 and extends to the outside of the barrel body 1. The during operation, drop into barrel 1 with the mixture of metal ore and water, ventilate to annular gasbag 3 through the breather pipe 6 that is located outside and make 3 blooms to the biggest annular gasbag, start telescopic cylinder 2, telescopic cylinder 2 drives the pressure disk 5 downstream that links firmly on the telescopic link, thereby make pressure disk 5 and 3 contacts of annular gasbag and extrude, the inside air passes through the even circumference air current of gas pocket uniform discharge formation behind the 3 pressurized of annular gasbag, produce a large amount of bubbles simultaneously, improve the mixing efficiency of ore pulp and air, improve the efficiency of ore pulp flotation. Meanwhile, when the pressure plate 5 moves downwards, the arc-shaped plate 4 fixedly connected to the pressure plate 5 is pressed and bent to deform, so that the annular air bag 3 is extruded, the annular air bag 3 deforms after being extruded to change the orientation of the air hole, and the air flow direction changes when the air is discharged through the air hole, so that the air and the ore pulp are mixed more fully, and the ore pulp flotation efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the arc plate 4 includes an arc upper plate 41, an arc lower plate 42, a swing spring 43, and a rubber rod 44; the swing spring 43 connects the arc-shaped upper plate 41 and the arc-shaped lower plate 42; the lower end face of the arc-shaped upper plate 41 is provided with a groove 45 matched with the rubber rod 44; the lower end of the rubber rod 44 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped lower plate 42, and the upper end of the rubber rod 44 is inserted into the groove 45. The during operation, pressure disk 5 downstream extrusion arc 4, arc upper plate 41, arc hypoplastron 42 and rubber pole 44 are along with swing spring 43 bending deformation together, when swing spring 43 swung to certain extent, rubber pole 44 upper end breaks away from recess 45 and kick-backs rapidly and beats and produce the vibration on annular gasbag 3 lateral wall, the vibration can accelerate the ore pulp flow and make the bubble shift up inside the ore pulp, the air of being convenient for like this and fully contact between the ore pulp are favorable to improving the efficiency of ore pulp flotation.
As shown in fig. 2, a steel ball 7 is arranged in the annular air bag 3; the diameter of the steel ball 7 is larger than that of the air hole on the annular air bag 3, the diameter of the steel ball 7 is smaller than that of the vent pipe 6, the upper spherical surface and the lower spherical surface of the steel ball 7 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular air bag 3 through elastic ropes 8, and the steel ball 7 is located at the middle position close to the inner ring side wall of the annular air bag 3 in a balanced state; the inner ring side wall of the annular air bag 3 is provided with a lug 9; the lug 9 is opposite to the steel ball 7. During operation, close breather pipe 6 and stop ventilating annular gasbag 3, when rubber rod 44 that the arc upper plate 42 upper end of arc 4 linked firmly bends to the certain degree, rubber rod 44 upper end breaks away from recess 45 on the arc upper plate 41 and kick-backs rapidly and beats on annular gasbag 3 lateral wall, annular gasbag 3 atress produces deformation and drives the motion striking of the piece 9 that links firmly on the annular gasbag 3 lateral wall on steel ball 7, steel ball 7 receives behind the very big impact rapid motion and directly passes the gas pocket on the annular gasbag 3 and produce very big vibration, make the bubble increase, make ore pulp and more bubble combine and then improve the efficiency of ore pulp flotation.
As shown in fig. 2, a controller 10 is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder 1; a ventilation branch pipe 11 is arranged between the ventilation pipe 6 and the telescopic cylinder 2, and an electromagnetic valve 12 is arranged in the middle of the ventilation branch pipe 11; a return spring 13 is arranged between the bottom of a telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder 2, and an air outlet pipe 14 is arranged on the side wall of the telescopic cylinder 2; a one-way air outlet valve 15 is arranged on the air outlet pipe 14; the controller 10 is used for controlling the electromagnetic valve 12 and the one-way air outlet valve 15. When the air inflation device works, the steel ball 7 penetrates through the air hole and is pulled to block the air hole under the action of the elastic rope 8, meanwhile, the air pipe 6 starts to ventilate, the electromagnetic valve 12 on the ventilation branch pipe 11 is opened through the controller 10, the air hole on the annular air bag 3 is blocked by the steel ball 7, the air flow enters the telescopic cylinder 2 through the ventilation branch pipe 11, the air flow pushes the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder 2 to move upwards to the maximum position, so that the arc-shaped plate 4 and the annular air bag 3 recover deformation, the upper end of the rubber rod 44 fixedly connected to the arc-shaped upper plate 42 is clamped into the groove 45 on the arc-shaped upper plate 41 again, the elastic rope 8 is applied with pulling force when the annular air bag 3 recovers the shape, the steel ball 7 is pulled to pass through the air hole on the annular air bag 3 to return to the initial position, at the moment, the electromagnetic valve, meanwhile, the controller 10 opens the one-way air outlet valve 15 on the air outlet pipe 14, air is discharged from the telescopic cylinder 2 through the air outlet pipe 14, the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder 2 moves downwards under the action of the reset spring 13, and the pressure plate 5 fixedly connected onto the telescopic rod moves downwards to contact the annular air bag 3 and extrude the annular air bag, so that the whole circulation process is completed.
As shown in fig. 3, the elastic rope 8 is fixedly connected to the swing rod 16; the swing rod 16 is hinged on the inner wall of the annular air bag 3; a pull rope 17 is arranged in an air hole of the annular air bag 3 beside the swing rod 16; one end of the pull rope 17 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the swing rod 16, the other end of the pull rope 17 is fixedly connected with a rubber plug 18, and the rubber plug 18 is used for blocking the air hole. During operation, after the steel ball 7 penetrates through the air hole, the air hole is blocked due to the fact that the elastic rope 8 is pulled under the action of the elastic rope 8, the swing rod 16 rotates for a certain angle under the action of the elastic rope 8, the pull rope 17 fixedly connected to the swing rod 16 pulls the rubber plug 18 to block the air hole beside the swing rod 16, so that the ventilation of other air holes in the annular air bag 3 is increased, the flow of ore pulp is accelerated by increasing air flow, more air bubbles are generated to be fully mixed with the ore pulp, and the ore.
As shown in fig. 3, a concave pit 19 is arranged on the inner wall of the annular air bag 3 beside the swing rod 16; the concave pit 19 is internally provided with a reset air bag 20. During operation, pendulum rod 16 swings and exerts pressure to the gasbag 20 that resets when certain angle, the gasbag 20 that resets produces after being compressed and warp and then extrudees pit 19 on the annular gasbag 3, make annular gasbag 3 take place certain deformation, thereby change the direction of gas pocket, make the air current through the gas pocket change, be favorable to bubble and ore pulp intensive mixing, when telescopic link when telescopic cylinder 2 drives pressure disk 5 upward movement, exert pulling force to elastic rope 8 when annular gasbag 3 resumes, gasbag 20 that resets simultaneously applys certain effort to pendulum rod 16 and assists elastic rope 8 pulling steel ball 7 to pass the gas pocket and get back to the initial position, make steel ball 7 pass the gas pocket more easily.
The specific use flow is as follows:
when in use, the mixture of metal ore and water is put into the cylinder body 1, the annular air bag 3 is aerated through the aeration pipe 6 positioned outside to ensure that the annular air bag 3 is expanded to the maximum, the telescopic cylinder 2 is started, the telescopic cylinder 2 drives the pressure plate 5 fixedly connected with the telescopic rod to move downwards, thereby leading the pressure plate 5 to be contacted with the annular air bag 3 and extruded, leading the air inside the annular air bag 3 after being pressed to be evenly discharged through the air holes to form even circumferential airflow, improving the mixing efficiency of ore pulp and air, meanwhile, when the pressure plate 5 moves downwards, the arc-shaped plate 4 fixedly connected on the pressure plate 5 is pressed, bent and deformed, thereby extruding the annular air bag 3, the annular air bag 3 is deformed to form a bulge after being extruded so as to change the orientation of the air hole, the air flow direction is changed when the air is discharged through the air hole, meanwhile, a large amount of bubbles are generated, so that the air and the ore pulp are mixed more fully, and the ore pulp flotation efficiency is improved. Pressure disk 5 downstream extrusion arc 4, arc upper plate 41, arc upper plate 42 and rubber pole 44 are together bending deformation along with swinging spring 43, it stops to ventilate annular gasbag 3 to close breather pipe 6 this moment, when swinging spring 43 swung to the certain degree, rubber pole 44 upper end breaks away from recess 45 and kick-backs rapidly and beats and produce the vibration on annular gasbag 3 lateral wall, the vibration can accelerate ore pulp flow and make the bubble shift up inside the ore pulp, be convenient for like this between air and the ore pulp fully contact, be favorable to improving the efficiency of ore pulp flotation.
When the annular air bag 3 is stressed, the annular air bag 3 deforms to drive the protruding blocks 9 fixedly connected to the side wall of the annular air bag 3 to move and impact the steel balls 7, and the steel balls 7 rapidly move after being subjected to a large impact force and directly pass through the air holes in the annular air bag 3 to generate large vibration, so that bubbles are increased, ore pulp is combined with more bubbles, and the ore pulp flotation efficiency is improved. The swing rod 16 rotates a certain angle under the action of the elastic rope 8, and the pull rope 17 fixedly connected to the swing rod 16 pulls the rubber plug 18 to plug the air hole beside the swing rod 16, so that the ventilation of other air holes on the annular air bag 3 is increased, the flow of ore pulp is accelerated by increasing air flow, more bubbles are generated to be fully mixed with the ore pulp, and the efficiency of ore pulp flotation is improved. The pendulum rod 16 exerts pressure to the gasbag 20 that resets when swinging certain angle, and the gasbag 20 that resets produces after being compressed and warp and then extrudees pit 19 on the annular gasbag 3 for certain deformation takes place for annular gasbag 3, thereby changes the direction of gas pocket, makes the air current direction through the gas pocket on the annular gasbag 3 change, produces a large amount of bubbles simultaneously, is favorable to bubble and ore pulp intensive mixing, improves the efficiency of ore pulp flotation. After the steel ball 7 passes through the air hole, the steel ball is pulled to block the air hole under the action of the elastic rope 8, at the moment, the vent pipe 6 is opened to start ventilation, the electromagnetic valve 12 on the vent branch pipe 11 is opened through the controller 10, because the air hole on the annular air bag 3 is blocked by the steel ball 7, the air flow enters the telescopic cylinder 2 through the air branch pipe 11, the air entering the telescopic cylinder 2 pushes the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder 2 to move upwards to the maximum position, thereby the arc-shaped plate 4 and the annular air bag 3 are slowly restored to the initial state, the upper end of the rubber rod 44 fixedly connected on the arc-shaped upper plate 42 is clamped in the groove 45 on the arc-shaped upper plate 41 again, the annular air bag 3 applies pulling force to the elastic rope 8 when being restored, meanwhile, the reset airbag 20 applies a certain acting force to the swing rod 16 to assist the elastic rope 8 to pull the steel ball 7 to pass through the air hole to return to the initial position, so that the steel ball 7 can pass through the air hole more easily.
At this moment, the electromagnetic valve 12 on the ventilation branch pipe 11 is closed through the controller 10, the annular air bag 3 is inflated again by the air in the ventilation pipe 6, meanwhile, the one-way air outlet valve 15 on the air outlet pipe 14 is opened through the controller 10, the air is discharged from the telescopic cylinder 2 through the air outlet pipe 14, the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder 2 moves downwards under the action of the reset spring 13, the pressure plate 5 fixedly connected onto the telescopic rod moves downwards to contact the annular air bag 3 and extrude, and the whole circulation process is completed.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A metal mineral separation flotation process, characterized in that the process comprises the following steps:
s1: primarily crushing mined metal ores through a jaw crusher to enable metal ore particles to be smaller than 1 cm;
s2: putting the crushed metal mineral particles in the step S1 into a ball mill for crushing and grinding to obtain metal mineral powder with the diameter less than 1 mm;
s3: putting the metal mineral powder obtained in the step S2 into a spiral classifier to clean and classify the ore fine material, and separating magnetic substances in the ore fine material through a magnetic separator;
s4: putting the metal mineral powder primarily separated in the S3 into a metal mineral separation flotation machine, adding medicament alkyl sodium dithiocarbonate and pine tree oil into ore pulp in the metal mineral separation flotation machine, and simultaneously putting a proper amount of sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid into the ore pulp, wherein the sodium bicarbonate and the acetic acid can generate a large amount of bubbles through reaction, so that the required metal is separated from other substances in the metal mineral powder;
s5: taking out the required minerals separated in the step S4 from the metal mineral separation flotation machine, primarily concentrating the taken-out minerals by using a concentrator, and drying the minerals by using a dryer to obtain dried metal minerals;
the metal mineral separation flotation machine in the S4 and the S5 comprises a cylinder body (1), a telescopic cylinder (2), an annular air bag (3), an arc-shaped plate (4), a pressure plate (5) and a vent pipe (6); the cylinder (1) is used for containing ore pulp and flotation ore pulp; the telescopic cylinder (2) is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end of the cylinder body (1); the pressure plate (5) is fixedly connected to the top end of a telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder (2); the air bag type air bag sealing device is characterized in that a plurality of arc plates (4) are arranged, the arc plates (4) are located between the pressure plate (5) and the barrel body (1), the arc plates (4) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of a telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder (2) in a surrounding mode, the upper ends of the arc plates (4) are hinged to the bottom of the pressure plate (5) through connecting blocks, the lower ends of the arc plates (4) are hinged to the bottom of the barrel body (1) through the connecting blocks, the arc plates (4) bend towards the inner wall of the barrel body (1), and the arc plates (4) are used for extruding the; the annular air bag (3) is sleeved on the outer side of the arc-shaped plate (4) which is surrounded into a circle, a plurality of air holes for ventilation are formed in the annular air bag (3), air in the annular air bag (3) is discharged through the air holes to generate bubbles to capture minerals, and ore pulp is subjected to flotation; the vent pipe (6) is communicated with the annular air bag (3), and the vent pipe (6) penetrates through the barrel body (1) and extends to the outside of the barrel body (1);
a steel ball (7) is arranged in the annular air bag (3); the diameter of the steel ball (7) is larger than that of the air hole in the annular air bag (3), the diameter of the steel ball (7) is smaller than that of the vent pipe (6), the upper spherical surface and the lower spherical surface of the steel ball (7) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular air bag (3) through elastic ropes (8), and the steel ball (7) is located at the middle position close to the inner ring side wall of the annular air bag (3) in a balanced state; the side wall of the inner ring of the annular air bag (3) is provided with a lug (9); the lug (9) is opposite to the steel ball (7).
2. The metal mineral separation flotation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the arc-shaped plate (4) comprises an arc-shaped upper plate (41), an arc-shaped lower plate (42), a swinging spring (43) and a rubber rod (44); the swing spring (43) is connected with the arc-shaped upper plate (41) and the arc-shaped lower plate (42); the lower end face of the arc-shaped upper plate (41) is provided with a groove (45) matched with the rubber rod (44); the lower end of the rubber rod (44) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped lower plate (42), and the upper end of the rubber rod (44) is inserted into the groove (45).
3. The metal mineral separation flotation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side wall of the cylinder body (1) is provided with a controller (10); a ventilation branch pipe (11) is arranged between the ventilation pipe (6) and the telescopic cylinder (2), and an electromagnetic valve (12) is arranged in the middle of the ventilation branch pipe (11); a return spring (13) is arranged between the bottom of a telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder (2) and the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder (2), and an air outlet pipe (14) is arranged on the side wall of the telescopic cylinder (2); a one-way air outlet valve (15) is arranged on the air outlet pipe (14); the controller (10) is used for controlling the electromagnetic valve (12) and the one-way air outlet valve (15).
4. The metal mineral separation flotation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the elastic rope (8) is fixedly connected to the swing rod (16); the swing rod (16) is hinged on the inner wall of the annular air bag (3); a pull rope (17) is arranged in an air hole of the annular air bag (3) beside the swing rod (16); one end of the pull rope (17) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the swing rod (16), the other end of the pull rope (17) is fixedly connected with a rubber plug (18), and the rubber plug (18) is used for blocking the air hole.
5. The metal mineral separation flotation process according to claim 4, characterized in that: a concave pit (19) is arranged on the inner wall of the annular air bag (3) beside the swing rod (16); a reset air bag (20) is arranged in the pit (19).
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| CN113720062B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2023-05-30 | 新龙建设工程集团有限公司 | Anti-slip ice ball cavity hole blocking equipment for mine flotation |
| CN114560529A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-05-31 | 呼和浩特市久科康瑞环保科技有限公司 | Oily sewage super filtration handles environment-friendly device |
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