CN109499190B

CN109499190B - Primary effect preprocessor

Info

Publication number: CN109499190B
Application number: CN201811136411.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李剑; 骆雄辉; 王文明; 彭文明
Original assignee: Changsha Jitian Environmental Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Changsha Jitian Environmental Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-09-28
Filing date: 2018-09-28
Publication date: 2021-06-25
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-28
Also published as: CN109499190A

Abstract

The invention discloses a primary-effect preprocessor, which comprises a casing, wherein an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the casing, a spiral air guide blade, an air shielding cylinder and an air outlet cylinder are sequentially arranged between the air inlet and the air outlet, the casing, the air shielding cylinder and the air outlet cylinder jointly form an air flow channel, after smoke gas enters from the air inlet, large particles in the smoke gas are accelerated by the air guide blade and rotate and advance in the air flow channel under the centrifugal action, and the large particles are decelerated and fall into an ash receiving hopper below the casing through the inner wall of the air flow channel and the deceleration of each turning part to finish the filtering process.

Description

Primary effect preprocessor

Technical Field

The invention relates to a filtering device, in particular to a primary preprocessor for filtering welding smoke dust.

Background

At present, people know the harm of smoke dust generated during welding to human bodies more and more, high temperature generated by arc discharge during welding generates a large amount of smoke dust when welding rods and weldments are melted, the smoke dust contains a large amount of harmful substances of heavy metals such as manganese, copper, ferric oxide and the like, workers can cause fibrous lesion of lung tissues after long-term working in the environment, therefore, a plurality of factories are provided with primary effect pretreaters for dust removal, the welding smoke dust contains large granular substances and mars, and the common primary effect pretreaters cannot be effectively and safely treated, so the technical scheme of the invention is produced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a primary preprocessor.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a primary effect preprocessor comprises a casing, wherein an air inlet and an air outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the casing, a wind blocking cylinder and a wind outlet cylinder are further fixed inside the casing, the wind blocking cylinder comprises a cylindrical casing and a conical bottom which are communicated with each other at the middle part, the cylindrical casing and the conical bottom are connected to form a casing structure with a single-side opening and an inner containing cavity, the conical bottom of the wind blocking cylinder faces the direction of the air inlet, the opening of the wind blocking cylinder faces the direction of the air outlet, the wind outlet cylinder is a cylindrical casing with a communicated middle part, the air inlet part extends into the inner containing cavity of the wind blocking cylinder from the opening of the wind blocking cylinder, the outer edge of the wind outlet part is fixed with the casing to form the air outlet, a plurality of wind guide blades are circumferentially arranged between the inner edge of the casing at the air inlet end and the outer edge of the conical bottom of the wind blocking cylinder, and a wind guide space for smoke gas to pass through, the air guide blades are spirally arranged while obliquely extending along the outer edge of the conical bottom of the wind blocking barrel to form spiral blades with inclination angles of 30-45 degrees, so that smoke gas entering from the air inlet rotates to form centrifugal force, the air inlet, the air guide space, the opening of the wind blocking barrel, the air inlet of the air outlet barrel and the air outlet in the shell are sequentially communicated to form an air flow channel, the smoke gas passes through the air guide space after entering the air inlet, and the smoke gas can rotate to enter the air flow channel after being guided by the air guide blades because the air guide blades are the spiral blades, and particulate matters in the smoke gas can strike the inner wall of the air flow channel up and down under the action of the centrifugal force after rotating, so that the smoke gas drops at a reduced speed.

As an improvement of the above scheme, the casing includes air inlet end and main part, the main part is the drum casing, the air inlet end is round platform form hollow shell structure, the air intake set up in air inlet end tip, the air intake with the air outlet does the only exit of casing, the air inlet end with air intake junction and the air outlet with the casing junction is sealed setting. The wind blocking barrel is fixed inside the casing through the wind guide blades in a welded mode, the taper of the conical bottom of the wind blocking barrel is consistent with the taper of the inner edge of the air inlet end, the wind guide blades are welded and attached to the surface of the conical bottom, and the wind guide blades are connected with the conical bottom of the wind blocking barrel and the inner edge of the air inlet end to jointly form the wind guide space.

As an improvement of the scheme, the opening of the wind blocking cylinder is a wide horn opening, and the design of the structure leads smoke gas entering from the wind guide space to enter a channel formed by the inner edge of the wind blocking cylinder and the outer edge of the wind outlet cylinder when the smoke gas passes through the superposition position of the wind blocking cylinder and the wind outlet cylinder, so as to prevent the smoke gas from flowing back to the wind inlet.

As an improvement of the scheme, the dust collecting device further comprises a dust collecting hopper used for collecting filtered filter residues, an ash outlet corresponding to the dust collecting hopper is formed in the lower end of the machine shell, and the dust collecting hopper is connected with the ash outlet through an ash outlet pipeline.

As an improvement of the scheme, the ash receiving hopper is a drawer type and comprises a box body and a drawer fixed in the box body through a sliding rail, the opening of the drawer is correspondingly arranged below the ash outlet, and the filter residue is more convenient and faster to clean due to the drawer type design.

As the improvement of the scheme, the inner peripheral wall of the air outlet cylinder is circumferentially provided with the filter screen.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the structure is matched to form an internally closed air flow channel, the spiral air guide blades are arranged in a matched mode to enable smoke gas to enter from the air inlet and then to rotate to enter the air flow channel under the action of the air guide blades, large granular substances in the smoke gas impact the inner wall of the air flow channel under the centrifugal action after rotating and fall to the dust receiving hopper at a reduced speed, the centrifugal action is utilized to enable the large granular substances to be effectively separated after the smoke gas enters the primary pre-processor, the effect of separating the large granular substances is realized by structural design optimization, the structure is simple, the efficiency is high, materials are saved, 30% -50% of the effect of the primary pre-processor is optimized compared with that of the common primary pre-processor, the filtering effect is greatly improved, an active carbon filtering net is additionally arranged on the air outlet cylinder, the smoke gas which is filtered with the large granular substances is subjected to adsorption concentration again, the air quality of the working area is not influenced when the air quality reaches the emission standard.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

Please refer to the attached drawings. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and the like used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications of the relative relationship thereof may be regarded as the scope of the present invention without substantial changes in the technical contents.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a preliminary efficiency preprocessor as shown in the figure includes a casing 10, an air inlet 20 and an air outlet 30 are respectively disposed at two ends of the casing 10, a wind blocking barrel 40 and a wind outlet barrel 50 are further fixed inside the casing 10, the wind blocking barrel 40 includes a cylindrical shell and a conical bottom which are through at the middle part, the conical bottom can be a round-head conical bottom or a conical-head conical bottom, as a preferred choice, the round-head conical bottom is selected, the cylindrical shell and the conical bottom are connected to form a shell structure with a single side opening and an inner containing cavity, the conical bottom of the wind blocking barrel 40 faces the direction of the air inlet 20, the opening of the wind blocking barrel 40 faces the direction of the air outlet 30, the wind outlet 50 is a cylindrical shell through at the middle part, the air inlet extends from the opening of the wind blocking barrel 40 to the inner containing cavity of the wind blocking barrel 40, the outer edge of the wind outlet is fixed with the casing 10 to, a plurality of air guide blades 60 are circumferentially arranged between the inner edge of the casing 10 at the end of the air inlet 20 and the outer edge of the conical bottom of the wind shielding cylinder 40, an air guide space for smoke gas to pass through is formed between the air guide blades 60 and the outer edge of the conical bottom of the wind shielding cylinder 40 and between the inner edge of the casing 10, the air guide blades 60 extend obliquely along the outer edge of the conical bottom of the wind shielding cylinder 40 and are spirally arranged to form spiral blades with inclination angles of 30-45 degrees similar to waves, so that the smoke gas entering from the air inlet 20 rotates to form centrifugal force, an air inlet 20, the air guide space, an opening of the wind shielding cylinder 40, an air inlet part of the wind outlet cylinder 50 and the air outlet 30 in the casing 10 sequentially penetrate through to form an S-shaped gas flow channel with a rotary structure, and after the smoke gas enters through the air guide space through the air inlet 20, the smoke and dust gas can rotate to enter the gas flow channel after being guided by the air guide blades 60, particulate matters in the smoke and dust gas can vertically impact the inner wall of the gas flow channel under the action of centrifugation after rotating, so that the smoke and dust gas can slow down and fall, air and particles need to rotate around in the area and enter the wind blocking cylinder 40 from the opening of the wind blocking cylinder 40, the speed of the air and particles is positive and negative, and a state that the speed is 0 is inevitable, in the state, most smoke and dust particles can be separated from the air track under the action of gravity and centrifugal force and impact the inner wall of the shell 10, so that the smoke and dust particles fall down, and the purpose of primary filtration is achieved.

Further, the casing 10 includes air inlet end 11 and main part, the main part is the cylinder casing, air inlet end 11 is round platform form hollow shell structure, air intake 20 set up in 11 tip in the air inlet end, air intake 20 with the air outlet 30 is the only exit of casing 10, air inlet end 11 with the air intake 20 junction reaches the air outlet 30 with the casing 10 junction is sealed setting. The wind blocking barrel 40 is welded and fixed inside the casing 10 through the wind guiding blades 60, the taper of the conical bottom of the wind blocking barrel 40 is consistent with the taper of the inner edge of the air inlet end 11, the design enables the wind guiding blades 60 to be welded and attached on the surface of the conical bottom, and the wind guiding blades 60, the conical bottom of the wind blocking barrel 40 and the inner edge of the air inlet end 11 jointly form the wind guiding space.

Preferably, the casing 10 further includes an air outlet end, the air outlet 30 is disposed at an end portion of the air outlet end, the air outlet end is connected to the main body in an airtight manner, the air outlet end is a truncated cone-shaped hollow shell structure corresponding to the air inlet end 11, and an inner edge taper of the air outlet end is the same as an inner edge taper of the air inlet end 11.

Preferably, the opening of the wind blocking cylinder 40 is a wide horn opening, and the design of the structure leads the smoke gas entering from the wind guiding space to enter a channel formed by the inner edge of the wind blocking cylinder 40 and the outer edge of the wind outlet cylinder 50 when the smoke gas passes through the overlapping part of the wind blocking cylinder 40 and the wind outlet cylinder 50, so as to prevent the smoke gas from flowing back to the wind inlet.

As an optional embodiment, the material of the casing 10, the air guide vanes 60, the wind blocking cylinder 40 and the wind outlet cylinder 50 may be carbon steel, because the carbon steel material has good heat dissipation performance and high safety performance.

Preferably, the dust collector further comprises an ash receiving hopper 70 for collecting filtered filter residues, an ash outlet corresponding to the ash receiving hopper 70 is formed in the lower end of the casing 10, and the ash receiving hopper 70 is connected with the ash outlet through an ash outlet pipeline.

Preferably, the ash outlet is the bottom of the housing 10, because when large particulate matters in the smoke and dust gas impact the inner wall of the gas flow channel under the centrifugal action to slow down and fall, the falling area is any area from the air guiding space to the air outlet cylinder 50, and therefore, the ash outlet pipe is respectively connected with the connection part of the air inlet end 11 and the main body, the connection part of the air outlet end and the main body, so that the lower part of the main body becomes the ash outlet.

Preferably, the ash receiving hopper 70 is a drawer type, and comprises a box body and a drawer fixed in the box body through a sliding rail, the opening of the drawer is correspondingly arranged below the ash outlet, locking nuts are circumferentially arranged around the top of the ash receiving hopper 70 to reinforce the connection between the ash outlet pipeline and the main body, and the filter residue is more conveniently and quickly cleaned due to the drawer type design, so that the filter residue is convenient to clean.

As preferred, the exhaust fan 50 internal perisporium circumference is provided with the filter screen, the filter screen is the active carbon filter screen for adsorb the concentration to the gas after filtering, detach the foul smell and the harmful gas that wherein contain, make it reach emission standard, because the filter screen is installed exhaust fan 50 internal perisporium circumference, consequently also very convenient when loading and unloading.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: after entering from the air inlet 20, the smoke and dust gas passes through the air guiding space, because the air guiding blade 60 is a wavy spiral fan blade with an inclination angle of 30-45 degrees, the smoke and dust gas can rotate to enter the gas flow channel after passing through the air guiding blade 60, large particulate matters in the smoke and dust gas can collide with the inner wall of the gas flow channel due to the centrifugal action after rotating to enter, because the inner wall of the gas flow channel is formed by combining the inner wall of the casing 10, the wind blocking cylinder 40 and the inner wall of the air outlet cylinder 50 together, the channel is narrow, the speed of the large particulate matters is reduced after the large particulate matters collide up and down, so that the large particulate matters fall down, because the gas flow channel contains a plurality of turning positions in the whole course, the full collision and speed reduction opportunities and conditions of the large particulate matters are provided, for example, the inner edge of the air inlet end 11 of the casing 10 and the turning position of the air guiding, keep off dryer 40 inner wall with play dryer 50 outer wall turning department etc. again because of keep off dryer 40 with play dryer 50 is the tube-shape casing, and the surface is smooth, and large particulate matter all can the landing to the bottom ash hole and store in connect in the ash bucket 70, and play dryer 40 is close to air outlet 30 department still is provided with the active carbon filter screen to odor and harmful gas in the smoke and dust gas behind the filtering separation large particulate matter make it reach emission standard, in order to ensure work area's air quality.

As a further preferred technical solution, an upgraded preliminary pretreatment device can be used in some factories, the casing 10 of the preliminary pretreatment device, the wind shielding cylinder 40 and the wind outlet cylinder 50 inside the casing 10 all adopt ceramic structures, an electrostatic generator can be arranged inside the wind inlet 20 or the wind guiding space, the electrostatic generator can adopt an EST801 electrostatic generator (0-8kV) or a JDF-1 electrostatic generator (0-80kV), the casing 10 can be rotatably provided with an inner cylinder or an inner cylinder frame made of ceramic material, the inner wall of the inner cylinder or the inner cylinder frame is fixedly provided with electrostatic adsorption plates made of metal material at intervals, the electrostatic adsorption plates have a certain radian and are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder or the inner cylinder frame, a micro-stepping motor for driving the inner cylinder or the inner cylinder frame to rotate is further provided, and one side or two sides corresponding to the position of the dust outlet are also provided with conductive contact plates which can elastically contact the surface of the electrostatic adsorption plates The conductive contact spring is connected with a battery terminal, when smoke dust gas passes through the air inlet 20, smoke dust particles are charged under the action of the electrostatic generator and rotate under the action of the air guide space and the air blowing to form a divergent centrifugal force, under the action of the centrifugal force and the adsorption action of the electrostatic adsorption plate, the charged smoke dust particles are adsorbed on the surface of the electrostatic adsorption plate, the electrostatic adsorption plate rotates in the shell 10, when the electrostatic adsorption plate carrying a large number of smoke dust particles rotates to the position near the dust outlet, the smoke dust particles are neutralized due to the charge with opposite properties of the conductive contact spring, so that the smoke dust particles fall from the position near the dust outlet under the action of gravity, in the process, the electrostatic adsorption plate can be physically swept by the dust sweeping device arranged on one side of the dust outlet, and when the electrostatic adsorption plate continues to rotate, the smoke dust particles are charged again under the action of the other conductive contact spring, then continue the rotation in the casing, adsorb electrified smoke and dust granule simultaneously to carry out next absorption cycle, other air through primary filter flow away through keeping off dryer 40, play dryer 50 and air outlet in proper order, thereby realize primary filter's purpose. The scheme is more precise and effective, and is suitable for occasions with higher requirements on air purification standards.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A primary preprocessor, comprising: including casing (10), the both ends of casing (10) are provided with air intake (20) and air outlet (30) respectively, casing (10) inside still is fixed with and keeps off dryer (40) and play dryer (50), keep off dryer (40) including the tube-shape casing and the toper bottom that the middle part link up, tube-shape casing and toper bottom are connected and are formed the shell structure that the inside appearance chamber of unilateral side opening area, keep off the toper bottom of dryer (40) towards air intake (20) direction, the opening that keeps off dryer (40) is towards air outlet (30) direction, play dryer (50) are the tube-shape casing that the middle part link up, and its air inlet department is followed keep off dryer (40) opening part and extend to keep off the inside appearance intracavity of dryer (40), its air outlet department outer fringe with casing (10) are fixed to be formed air outlet (30), still circumference has arranged between casing (10) inner edge of air intake (20) end and the toper bottom outer fringe that keeps off dryer (40) and (30) has (a plurality of (a 60) The air guide space that supplies the smoke and dust gas to pass through is formed between air guide blade (60), air guide blade (60) are followed spiral setting when keeping off the toper bottom outer fringe slant extension of dryer (40) for the smoke and dust gas that gets into from air intake (20) is rotatory, and air intake (20), air guide space, fender dryer (40) opening, play dryer (50) air inlet department and air outlet (30) link up in proper order in casing (10) form a gas flow channel, go out dryer (50) internal perisporium circumference and be provided with the filter screen.

2. A primary preprocessor according to claim 1 wherein: casing (10) are including air inlet end (11) and main part, the main part is the cylinder casing, air inlet end (11) are round platform form hollow shell structure, air intake (20) set up in air inlet end (11) tip.

3. A primary preprocessor according to claim 2 wherein: the air blocking barrel (40) is fixed inside the shell (10) through the air guide blades (60) in a welding mode, and the taper of the conical bottom of the air blocking barrel (40) is consistent with the taper of the inner edge of the air inlet end (11).

4. A primary preprocessor according to claim 1 wherein: the inclination angle of the air guide blade (60) is 30-45 degrees.

5. A primary preprocessor according to claim 1 wherein: the opening of the wind blocking barrel (40) is a wide horn opening.

6. A primary preprocessor according to claim 1 wherein: the dust collecting device is characterized by further comprising a dust collecting hopper (70), wherein a dust outlet corresponding to the dust collecting hopper (70) is formed in the lower end of the machine shell (10), and the dust collecting hopper (70) is connected with the dust outlet through a dust outlet pipeline.

7. A primary preprocessor according to claim 6 wherein: the ash receiving hopper (70) is drawer type and comprises a box body and a drawer fixed in the box body through a sliding rail, and the opening of the drawer is correspondingly arranged below the ash outlet.