CN109495801B - Earmuff and noise reduction method of earmuff - Google Patents
Earmuff and noise reduction method of earmuff Download PDFInfo
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- CN109495801B CN109495801B CN201811424200.4A CN201811424200A CN109495801B CN 109495801 B CN109495801 B CN 109495801B CN 201811424200 A CN201811424200 A CN 201811424200A CN 109495801 B CN109495801 B CN 109495801B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/08—Mouthpieces; Microphones; Attachments therefor
- H04R1/083—Special constructions of mouthpieces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R3/04—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for correcting frequency response
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of noise protection, and discloses an earmuff and a noise reduction method of the earmuff. The ear muffs comprise at least one cover body, a sound collection module, sound absorption cotton, a compression device and a processing unit, wherein the sound collection module collects environmental noise and obtains the noise amplitude of the environmental noise; the sound absorption cotton is used for manufacturing a sound resistance in the cover body; the compression device is used for compressing the sound absorption cotton in the cover body to change the acoustic resistance in the cover body; the processing unit is respectively electrically connected with the compression device and the sound acquisition module and prestores a preset amplitude value of the environmental noise; the processing unit obtains the noise amplitude that the sound collection module obtained to according to the noise amplitude, calculate and reduce this noise amplitude to the expected resistance of the required acoustic resistance of predetermineeing the amplitude, processing unit still controls the compression volume of compressor arrangement when the sound is inhaled in the compression according to expected resistance. Therefore increase the acoustic resistance after inhaling the cotton quilt compression of sound, reduce external noise to predetermineeing the amplitude, fall the noise effectively, reduce the injury to the people's ear.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of noise protection, in particular to an earmuff and a noise reduction method of the earmuff.
Background
Earmuffs are widely used in people's ordinary life and work to isolate ambient noise and provide a relatively quiet environment for the user. The prior art has at least the following problems: present ear muff mainly produces the reverse sound wave that equals with external noise through noise reduction system and neutralizes the noise, perhaps forms the enclosure space through surrounding the ear and blocks external noise, perhaps adopts sound insulation materials such as silica gel earplug to block external noise, can not fall and make an uproar effectively, causes the injury to the human ear, leads to the crowd hearing decline of living under noisy environment for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an earmuff and a noise reduction method of the earmuff, so that noise can be effectively reduced, and harm to human ears is reduced.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides an earmuff, including at least one cover body, further including:
the sound acquisition module is used for acquiring environmental noise and acquiring the noise amplitude of the environmental noise;
the sound absorption cotton is arranged in the cover body and used for manufacturing acoustic resistance in the cover body;
the compression device is arranged in the cover body and used for compressing the sound absorption cotton and changing the acoustic resistance in the cover body;
the processing unit is electrically connected with the compression device and the sound acquisition module respectively and prestores a preset amplitude value of the environmental noise;
the processing unit is used for obtaining the noise amplitude obtained by the sound collection module, calculating an expected resistance value of the acoustic resistance required for reducing the noise amplitude to the preset amplitude according to the noise amplitude, and controlling the compression amount of the compression device when the sound absorption cotton is compressed according to the calculated expected resistance value.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a noise reduction method of the earmuff, wherein sound absorption cotton and a compression device for compressing the sound absorption cotton are arranged in a cover body of the earmuff; the sound absorbing wool for making an acoustic resistance in the cover and for changing the acoustic resistance when compressed by the compression means, the noise reduction method comprising the steps of:
acquiring external environment noise, and acquiring the noise amplitude of the environment noise;
calculating an expected resistance value of the acoustic resistance required for reducing the noise amplitude to a preset amplitude according to the noise amplitude;
and after the expected resistance value of the required acoustic resistance is calculated, controlling the compression device to compress the sound absorption cotton, and controlling the compression amount of the compression device in compressing the sound absorption cotton according to the expected resistance value.
Compared with the prior art, the earmuffs comprise the cover body, the sound collection module, the sound absorption cotton, the compression device and the processing unit. And, inhale the sound cotton and all set up at the cover internally with compressor arrangement to gather external environment's noise by sound collection module, acquire the noise amplitude of ambient noise, then, according to the noise amplitude who acquires, calculate and reduce this noise amplitude to the required expected sound resistance of preset noise amplitude by the processing unit, finally, the processing unit is according to the expected sound resistance control that the calculation was obtained inhales the cotton compression volume of sound, is compressed according to the compression volume by compressor arrangement to inhaling the sound cotton. Therefore inhale the cotton quilt compression back of sound, increase the acoustic resistance, reduce external noise to predetermineeing the amplitude, fall the noise effectively, reduce the injury to the people's ear.
In addition, the compressing device includes: the magnets are annularly arranged around the sound absorption cotton and are fixed with the sound absorption cotton; the coil is used for winding the sound absorption cotton annularly provided with a plurality of magnets and generating a magnetic field after being electrified, and each magnet is used for moving towards the direction of the sound absorption cotton under the action of the magnetic field of the coil and compressing the sound absorption cotton; the coil is further electrically connected with the processing unit, and the processing unit is further used for outputting current corresponding to the expected resistance value to the coil according to the calculated expected resistance value of the acoustic resistance. Therefore, the compression amount of the compressed cotton can be accurately controlled, the noise of external sound can be accurately reduced, and the harm to human ears is reduced.
In addition, inhale the sound cotton and be the columnar structure, and each magnet is around inhale the cotton axis ring of sound and establish, just the cover body is followed inhale the cotton both sides of axis direction of sound and have sound inlet and sound outlet respectively.
In addition, the earmuff further comprises: the first waterproof breathable layer is used for sealing the sound inlet, and the second waterproof breathable layer is used for sealing the sound outlet. Thereby can avoid the risk that the mosquito got into the duct when sleep and open-air adventure to, can effectively prevent water entering duct through first waterproof ventilative layer and the waterproof ventilative layer of second.
In addition, the first waterproof breathable layer and the second waterproof breathable layer each comprise: at least two layers of non-woven fabrics and a breathable film arranged between the two layers of non-woven fabrics.
In addition, the sound collection module is a noise reduction microphone.
In addition, the earmuff further comprises: the communication module is electrically connected with the processing unit and is also communicated with the user terminal side; and the user terminal side is used for setting a preset amplitude value of the environmental noise prestored in the processing unit through the communication module. Therefore, the user can set the preset amplitude of the volume according to the self requirement.
In addition, the cover body is equipped with two, just the ear muff still includes: the connecting piece of connecting two covers body, the sound collection module with the processing unit all sets up on the connecting piece.
In addition, the connecting piece is a neck-hanging connecting piece or a head-wearing connecting piece. Thereby being convenient for the user to wear.
In addition, the compressing device includes:
the magnets are annularly arranged around the sound absorption cotton and are fixed with the sound absorption cotton;
the coil is used for winding the sound absorption cotton annularly provided with a plurality of magnets and generating a magnetic field after being electrified, and each magnet is used for moving towards the direction of the sound absorption cotton under the action of the magnetic field of the coil and compressing the sound absorption cotton;
the step of controlling the compression device to compress the sound-absorbing cotton and controlling the compression amount of the sound-absorbing cotton by the compression device according to the expected resistance value specifically comprises:
according to the expected resistance value of the calculated acoustic resistance, continuously calculating the current value of the current obtained by the coil corresponding to the expected resistance value;
supplying power to the coil at the calculated current value. Thereby the noise reduction effect can be accurately controlled.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, which correspond to the figures in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and which are not to scale unless otherwise specified.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an earmuff according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of an earmuff according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an earmuff according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a compressing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of noise reduction for an earmuff in a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an earmuff structure in a noise reduction method for an earmuff according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of an earmuff in a noise reduction method for an earmuff according to a third embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a compression device in a noise reduction method for an earmuff according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Shown in the figure, 1-cover body; 2-a sound collection module; 3-sound absorbing cotton; 4-a compression device; 41-a magnet; 42-a coil; 5-a processing unit; 6-a first waterproof breathable layer; 7-a second waterproof breathable layer; 8-flexible silica gel; 9-hard shell.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application in various embodiments of the present invention. However, the technical solution claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
The first embodiment of the present invention relates to an earmuff, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, and 4, which includes two covers 1, a sound collection module 2, a sound-absorbing cotton 3, a compression device 4, and a processing unit 5. Wherein, two cover bodies 1 divide into two parts of left ear and right ear, and the left ear passes through the connecting piece with the right ear and links to each other, and the connecting piece can adopt neck hanging connecting piece or wear-type connecting piece, and processing unit 5 respectively with compressor arrangement 4 and 2 electric connection of sound collection module. In addition, the sound absorption cotton 3 and the compression device 4 are both arranged in the cover body 1, and the sound collection module 2 and the processing unit 5 are respectively arranged on the connecting pieces. The sound collection module 2 is used for gathering ambient noise to acquire ambient noise's noise amplitude, inhale sound cotton 3 and be used for making the acoustic resistance in the cover body 1, and compressor arrangement 4 is used for the compression to inhale sound cotton 3, and inhales the compression degree of sound cotton 3 through the change, and then changes the acoustic resistance in the cover body 1. Moreover, a preset amplitude of the environmental noise is prestored in the processing unit 5, a corresponding audio algorithm of the noise amplitude and the compressed cotton compression amount is written in the processing unit 5, after the processing unit 5 obtains the noise amplitude obtained by the sound collection module 2, the noise amplitude is reduced to an expected value of the acoustic resistance required by the preset amplitude according to the noise amplitude, then the processing unit 5 controls the compression device 4 to compress the sound absorption cotton 3 according to the expected value of the acoustic resistance obtained by calculation, the amplitude of the noise entering the cover body 1 is reduced, and the human ear is protected.
It can be easily found from the above that since the sound-absorbing cotton 3 can make the sound resistance in the cover body 1, the compressing device 4 can compress the sound-absorbing cotton 3 in the cover body 1, and change the sound resistance value in the cover body 1 by changing the compression amount of the sound-absorbing cotton 3, thereby changing the sound amplitude inputted to the human ear. Moreover, the sound collection module 2 can collect the noise of the external environment and obtain the amplitude of the environmental noise. Simultaneously, the amplitude of the environmental noise prestores in the processing unit 5, and respectively with compressor arrangement 4 and 2 electric connection of sound collection module, and processing unit 5 can acquire the noise amplitude that the collection of sound collection module 2 obtained, and calculate according to the noise amplitude and reduce this noise amplitude to the desired value of required acoustic resistance when predetermineeing the amplitude, then control the compression capacity of inhaling cotton 3 of sound according to the acoustic resistance value of expectation, make the noise amplitude who gets into in the people's ear reduce to predetermineeing the amplitude. Thereby when user place external environment sound amplitude was too big, can inhale sound cotton 3 by the compression of compressor arrangement 4 compression, increase the acoustic resistance to the default, and then will enter into the noise reduction of people's ear to predetermineeing the amplitude, reduce the injury to people's ear.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the compressing device 4 includes a plurality of magnets 41 and a coil 42, wherein the plurality of magnets 41 are fixedly connected to the sound-absorbing cotton 3 and are disposed around the sound-absorbing cotton 3 on the outer surface of the sound-absorbing cotton 3, and the coil 42 is configured to wind the sound-absorbing cotton 3 around which the plurality of magnets 41 are disposed and generate a magnetic field when energized. In the actual use process, when the processing unit 5 calculates the preset compression amount of the sound-absorbing cotton 3, the preset current can be sent to the coil 42 according to the preset compression amount of the sound-absorbing cotton 3, the calculation formula F = BIL according to the magnetic field force, wherein F is the magnetic field force, B is the magnetic induction intensity, I is the current intensity, L is the coil length, the numerical value of the parameter B, L of the compression device 4 in the cover body 1 is fixed and unchangeable, therefore, the magnetic field force can be adjusted only by adjusting the current intensity passing through the coil 42, and the relationship between the current intensity and the compression amount of the sound-absorbing cotton 3 can be obtained according to experimental measurement, and the corresponding proportional relationship is compiled into the processing unit 5, so that the processing unit 5 can give the current intensity required by the coil 42 according to the required magnetic field force. When the coil 42 passes through the current with a preset size, a magnetic field force with a preset size is generated in the cover body 1, each magnet 41 moves a preset value towards the direction of the sound-absorbing cotton 3 under the action of the magnetic field force with a preset size, so that the sound-absorbing cotton 3 is compressed by a preset amount, the acoustic resistance is increased to a preset acoustic resistance, and the noise amplitude is reduced to a preset amplitude set in the processing unit 5.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the sound absorbing cotton 3 has a columnar structure, and the larger the porosity of the sound absorbing cotton 3 is, the larger the sound absorption coefficient is, and the better the sound absorbing effect is. Specifically, when sound enters the sound-absorbing cotton 3, diffuse reflection and refraction are generated in the sound-absorbing cotton 3, meanwhile, gaps in the hole gaps vibrate along with vibration of the sound, and due to friction of the hole walls, air viscous force and the like, a part of sound energy is converted into heat energy to be dissipated, so that the sound resistance of the whole system can be adjusted by adjusting the porosity of the sound-absorbing cotton 3, and the purpose of noise reduction is achieved.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the magnets 41 are provided around the axis of the sound-absorbing cotton 3, and the cover 1 is provided with a sound inlet and a sound outlet on both sides in the axial direction of the sound-absorbing cotton 3, and the sound inlet and the sound outlet are provided on both sides of the cover 1 so as to face each other. Further, in order to effectively protect the human ear from being bitten by mosquitoes and avoid the external factors from harming the human ear, the earmuff further comprises: seal into the waterproof ventilative layer 6 of the first of sound mouth, seal the waterproof ventilative layer 7 of the second of sound mouth, can protect the human ear through waterproof ventilative layer 6 of first and second and ventilative layer 7. Specifically speaking, the first waterproof breathable layer 6 is composed of two layers of non-woven fabrics and a breathable film arranged between the two layers of non-woven fabrics, and similarly, the second waterproof breathable layer 7 is composed of two layers of non-woven fabrics and a breathable film arranged between the two layers of non-woven fabrics. Therefore can be when reducing ambient noise through first waterproof ventilative layer 6 and the waterproof ventilative layer 7 of second, can also effectively avoid the mosquito to get into the risk of duct, reduce ear's disease and take place. Simultaneously, first waterproof ventilative layer 6 still has waterproof function with waterproof ventilative layer 7 of second, therefore makes the user still can use in swimming or other moist environment, for example, when the user wears this ear muff at swimming in-process, not only can reduce ambient noise, still can effectively prevent water and the foreign matter of aquatic from getting into the duct, avoids causing the injury to the human ear.
In addition, in actual use, the cover 1 may be provided with one or more than one, and is not limited specifically herein. In addition, the sound processing module can adopt a noise reduction microphone, so that noise entering the cover body 1 can be reduced once through the noise reduction microphone, the amplitude of the noise transmitted to human ears is further effectively reduced, and the human ears are better protected. The processing unit 5 may employ an audio processing chip.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the sound-absorbing cotton 3 and the coil 42 are provided with the hard case 9 on the outer side, and the outer layer of the hard case 9 is further provided with the flexible silicone rubber 8, so that the comfort level of the user can be effectively improved. And, flexible silica gel 8 not only can prevent foreign matters such as water and mosquitoes from getting into the duct with first ventilative layer, the ventilative layer of second, simultaneously, can also keep the gas permeability of ear muff good, protects the people's ear better.
Specifically, the predetermined amplitude in processing unit 5 is 90 decibels, and the sound amplitude that detects external environment at sound collection module 2 is greater than when 90 decibels, processing unit 5 is based on the noise numerical value and the audio algorithm that sound processing module detected, it reduces to predetermine the required expected acoustic resistance value of amplitude to calculate the noise amplitude, then, processing unit 5 is after calculating the expected acoustic resistance value that reachs required acoustic resistance, control compressing device 4 compression predetermines volume inhale the sound cotton 3, make the amplitude of carrying to the noise in the people's ear reduce to predetermineeing the amplitude, avoid causing the injury to the people's ear, effectively protect people's ear.
The second embodiment of the present invention relates to an earmuff, and the second embodiment is a further improvement on the first embodiment, and the main improvements are as follows: in this embodiment, the earmuff further comprises: and the communication module is arranged in the connecting piece of the two ear muffs and is communicated with the user terminal side. The user can set the preset amplitude value through the user terminal side, and the user terminal side sets the preset amplitude value prestored in the processing unit through the communication module. For example, if the user sets the preset amplitude to be 90 db at the user terminal, when the external noise amplitude is greater than 90 db, the processing unit controls the compressing device to compress the sound-absorbing cotton by the preset amount, so that the noise is reduced to 90 db; the user also can set for presetting the amplitude at user terminal side and be 80 decibels, and is same, when external noise amplitude is greater than 80 decibels, processing unit control compressor arrangement will inhale the sound cotton compression to predetermineeing the volume to reduce the noise amplitude to 80 decibels. Therefore, when the ears are protected, different preset amplitude values can be selected according to habits of users, and the earmuffs are further convenient for the users to use.
When in actual use, the communication module can adopt bluetooth receiving module or infrared receiving module etc. when communication module adopted bluetooth receiving module formula, the user terminal side has bluetooth sending module, therefore can adjust the predetermined amplitude of ear muff, better protection people's ear through the user terminal side. In addition, the communication module can also be arranged in any cover body, the preset amplitude of the noise can be adjusted, and the arrangement position of the communication module is not limited specifically.
The third embodiment of the present invention relates to a noise reduction method for an earmuff, as shown in fig. 6, fig. 7 and fig. 8, wherein a sound-absorbing cotton 3 and a compression device 4 for compressing the sound-absorbing cotton 3 are arranged in a cover body 1 of the earmuff, and the sound-absorbing cotton 3 can produce an acoustic resistance in the cover body 1, and the acoustic resistance in the cover body 1 can be changed according to the compression amount of the sound-absorbing cotton 3 by the compression device 4, so as to reduce the noise amplitude to a preset amplitude.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the noise reduction method includes the following steps:
step S101, collecting external environment noise by a sound collection module 2, and obtaining the noise amplitude of the environment noise;
step S102, calculating an expected acoustic resistance value required for reducing the noise amplitude to a preset amplitude speed according to the noise amplitude;
after calculating the expected value of the acoustic resistance, step S103 controls the compressing device 4 to compress the sound-absorbing cotton 3, and the processing unit 5 controls the compression amount of the compressing device 4 when compressing the sound-absorbing cotton 3 according to the expected acoustic resistance value.
In addition, the step of controlling the compression device 4 to compress the sound-absorbing cotton 3 and controlling the compression amount of the compression device 4 in compressing the sound-absorbing cotton 3 according to the expected resistance value specifically comprises:
calculating the current value of the coil 42 corresponding to the expected resistance value according to the calculated expected resistance value of the acoustic resistance by the processing unit 5;
based on the calculated current value of the coil 42, a current is supplied to the coil 42 by the processing unit 5.
Through the above, it is not difficult to discover that because processing unit 5 can reduce this noise amplitude to the expected value of the required acoustic resistance of predetermined amplitude according to the environmental noise amplitude that sound collection module 2 detected, then after calculating the expected value that reachs the acoustic resistance, provide the electric current of corresponding size by processing unit 5 to coil 42, make to produce the magnetic field of predetermined size in the cover body 1, and then drive each magnet 41 under the effect of magnetic field force, compress inhaling sound cotton 3, make the noise amplitude who enters into the people's ear reduce to predetermined amplitude, reach the protection to the people's ear.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the compression device 4 includes: the coil 42 and the magnets 41, wherein the magnets 41 are fixedly connected with the sound-absorbing cotton 3 and surround the sound-absorbing cotton 3 and are arranged on the outer surface of the sound-absorbing cotton 3, and the coil 42 is used for winding the sound-absorbing cotton 3 which is provided with the magnets 41 in a surrounding manner and generating a magnetic field after being electrified. In the actual use process, when the processing unit 5 calculates the preset compression amount of the sound-absorbing cotton 3, the preset current can be sent to the coil 42 according to the preset compression amount of the sound-absorbing cotton 3, the calculation formula F = BIL according to the magnetic field force, wherein F is the magnetic field force, B is the magnetic induction intensity, I is the current intensity, L is the coil length, the value of the parameter B, L of the compression device 4 in the cover body 1 is fixed and unchanged, therefore, the magnetic field force can be adjusted only by adjusting the current intensity passing through the coil 42, and the relationship between the current intensity and the compression amount of the sound-absorbing cotton 3 can be obtained according to experimental measurement, and the corresponding proportional relationship is compiled into the processing unit 5, so that the processing unit 5 can give the current intensity required by the coil 42 according to the required magnetic field force. When the coil 42 passes through the current with a preset size, a magnetic field force with a preset size is generated in the cover body 1, each magnet 41 moves a preset value towards the direction of the sound-absorbing cotton 3 under the action of the magnetic field force with a preset size, so that the sound-absorbing cotton 3 is compressed by a preset amount, the acoustic resistance is increased to a preset acoustic resistance, and the noise amplitude is reduced to a preset amplitude set in the processing unit 5.
It should be understood that this embodiment is a system example corresponding to the first embodiment, and may be implemented in cooperation with the first embodiment. The related technical details mentioned in the first embodiment are still valid in this embodiment, and are not described herein again in order to reduce repetition. Accordingly, the related-art details mentioned in the present embodiment can also be applied to the first embodiment.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific embodiments for practicing the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in practice.
Claims (9)
1. An earmuff, comprising at least one cover body, characterized in that, still includes:
the sound acquisition module is used for acquiring environmental noise and acquiring the noise amplitude of the environmental noise;
the sound absorption cotton is arranged in the cover body and used for manufacturing acoustic resistance in the cover body;
the compression device is arranged in the cover body and used for compressing the sound absorption cotton and changing the acoustic resistance in the cover body; the compression device includes: the magnets are annularly arranged around the sound-absorbing cotton and are fixedly connected with the sound-absorbing cotton; the coil is used for winding the sound absorption cotton annularly provided with a plurality of magnets and generating a magnetic field after being electrified, and each magnet is used for moving towards the direction of the sound absorption cotton under the action of the magnetic field of the coil and compressing the sound absorption cotton; the coil is also electrically connected with the processing unit, and the processing unit is also used for outputting current corresponding to the expected resistance value to the coil according to the expected resistance value of the calculated acoustic resistance; the processing unit is electrically connected with the compression device and the sound acquisition module respectively and prestores a preset amplitude value of the environmental noise;
the processing unit is used for obtaining the noise amplitude obtained by the sound collection module, calculating an expected resistance value of the acoustic resistance required for reducing the noise amplitude to the preset amplitude according to the noise amplitude, and controlling the compression amount of the compression device when the sound absorption cotton is compressed according to the calculated expected resistance value.
2. The earmuff of claim 1, wherein the sound-absorbing cotton is a columnar structure, and each magnet is arranged around the axis of the sound-absorbing cotton in a ring manner, and the sound inlet is arranged on one side of the earmuff body and the sound outlet is arranged on the other side of the earmuff body along the axis of the sound-absorbing cotton.
3. The earmuff of claim 2, further comprising: the first waterproof breathable layer is used for sealing the sound inlet, and the second waterproof breathable layer is used for sealing the sound outlet.
4. The earmuff of claim 3, wherein the first waterproof breathable layer and the second waterproof breathable layer each comprise: at least two layers of non-woven fabrics and a breathable film arranged between the two layers of non-woven fabrics.
5. The ear cup of claim 1, wherein the sound collection module is a noise reduction microphone.
6. The earmuff of claim 1, further comprising:
the communication module is electrically connected with the processing unit and is also communicated with the user terminal;
and the user terminal is used for setting a preset amplitude of the environmental noise prestored in the processing unit through the communication module.
7. The earmuff of any of claims 1-6, wherein the cover body is provided in two, and the earmuff further comprises: the connecting piece of connecting two covers body, the sound collection module with the processing unit all sets up on the connecting piece.
8. The earmuff of claim 7, wherein the connector is a neckline connector or a head-mounted connector.
9. The noise reduction method of the earmuffs is characterized in that sound absorption cotton and a compression device for compressing the sound absorption cotton are arranged in a cover body of each earmuff; the sound absorbing wool for making an acoustic resistance in the cover and for changing the acoustic resistance when compressed by the compression means, the noise reduction method comprising the steps of:
acquiring external environment noise, and acquiring the noise amplitude of the environment noise;
calculating an expected resistance value of the acoustic resistance required for reducing the noise amplitude to a preset amplitude according to the noise amplitude;
after the expected resistance value of the required acoustic resistance is calculated, controlling the compression device to compress the sound-absorbing cotton, and controlling the compression amount of the compression device when compressing the sound-absorbing cotton according to the expected resistance value; the compression device includes:
the magnets are annularly arranged around the sound-absorbing cotton and are fixedly connected with the sound-absorbing cotton;
the coil is used for winding the sound absorption cotton annularly provided with a plurality of magnets and generating a magnetic field after being electrified, and each magnet is used for moving towards the direction of the sound absorption cotton under the action of the magnetic field of the coil and compressing the sound absorption cotton;
the step of controlling the compression device to compress the sound-absorbing cotton and controlling the compression amount of the sound-absorbing cotton by the compression device according to the expected resistance value specifically comprises:
according to the expected resistance value of the required acoustic resistance obtained through calculation, continuously calculating the coil current value corresponding to the expected resistance value;
supplying power to the coil at the calculated current value.
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