CN109494790B - Method for preventing active power of hydroelectric generating set from generating ultralow frequency oscillation in adjusting process - Google Patents
Method for preventing active power of hydroelectric generating set from generating ultralow frequency oscillation in adjusting process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing active power of a hydroelectric generating set from generating ultralow frequency oscillation in the adjusting process, which is used for respectively carrying out oscillation monitoring according to the adjusting characteristics of the active power fixed value adjustment and the primary frequency modulation of the hydroelectric generating set, wherein a fixed value adjusting and monitoring module utilizes the static characteristic that the active power set value is usually kept unchanged in the fixed value adjustment, and a primary frequency modulation monitoring module uses the frequency of a power grid as a reference, so that the ultralow frequency oscillation of the active power of the hydroelectric generating set, which is not beneficial to the stability of a power system, can be effectively discriminated. According to the invention, A, B two judgment logics are designed for the primary frequency modulation with complex working conditions, when the primary frequency modulation is considered to be not beneficial to the stability of the power system by the two logics, the primary frequency modulation function is automatically quitted, otherwise, only an alarm is given and whether the primary frequency modulation function is quitted or not is determined by an operator, so that the possibility of misjudgment and misquitting of the primary frequency modulation function of a real-time control system is avoided, and the reliability of the function is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic control of hydroelectric generating sets, and relates to a method for preventing active power of a hydroelectric generating set from generating ultralow frequency oscillation in the adjusting process.
Background
In 2016, the asynchronous networking project of the Yunnan power grid and the southern power grid main grid is put into production formally, and the asynchronous interconnection of the first provincial power grid and the large-area power grid in China is realized. After asynchronous networking, the Yunnan power grid operates independently of a large-area power grid and presents very complicated typical characteristics: 1) the system scale is small, the delivery ratio is high, the grid structure is weak, the requirement on power balance is more strict, and the influence of grid-connected unit power disturbance on the grid frequency is aggravated; 2) as an independent asynchronous alternating current system, the system is only interconnected with a large-area power grid through direct current transmission and needs to independently respond to frequency disturbance of a power system; 3) the specific gravity of the water and electricity installation is high, and compared with a conventional power grid, the water and electricity installation type grid frequency modulation device has the aeipathia that the frequency modulation capability of the water and electricity enrichment power grid is insufficient.
The hydropower station set adjustment taking active power as an adjustment object comprises fixed value adjustment and primary frequency modulation, wherein an active power adjustment target of the fixed value adjustment is distributed by an AGC function of the hydropower station or is manually set by an operator of the hydropower station; the useful power regulation target of the primary frequency modulation is calculated by the hydropower station speed regulator according to the power grid frequency collected in real time. In the process of constant value adjustment or primary frequency modulation, the hydroelectric generating set is influenced by factors such as water flow inertia, set inertia, adjustment feedback delay and the like, and the active power of the hydroelectric generating set serving as an adjustment target can generate continuous oscillation, so that the oscillation of the power grid frequency is initiated or intensified under the influence of the operation characteristics of a large set and a small power grid, and the oscillation becomes a negative factor for the stability of a power system.
Chinese patent "a control method for preventing power regulation oscillation of hydroelectric generating set" (CN 103490436A) provides unit power regulation PID parameter self-adaptation and a method for adding a filtering link in a power measurement link aiming at the problem of active power oscillation of hydroelectric generating set caused by constant value regulation, but has the following problems: 1) the literature only proposes a thought, and the most difficult and most critical links (such as a method for setting control parameters, a mechanism for increasing damping of a closed loop regulation circuit of a unit by filter parameters, and the like) in the method are not positively explained and explained, so that the method is not feasible; 2) active power constant value adjustment of most hydropower stations (hydropower stations such as a functional fruit bridge, a seedling tail, a small bay, a free bay, a glutinous ferry, a scenic flood and the like only in a laneway river basin) is not considered, and a PID (proportion integration differentiation) control method is not adopted, so that the method has no wide applicability.
Chinese patent "a governor parameter optimization method for suppressing ultra-low frequency oscillation of hydroelectric generating set based on critical parameters" (CN 107086589 a) proposes a method for optimizing governor parameters, which has a certain effect on preventing grid frequency oscillation caused by primary frequency modulation overshoot of hydroelectric generating set, but has the following problems: 1) the method for inhibiting the primary frequency modulation performance of the hydroelectric generating set does not fundamentally solve the problem of poor quality of the primary frequency modulation of the hydroelectric generating set, and actually under the current technical conditions, no effective method is available for solving the problem of ultralow frequency oscillation of the hydroelectric generating set from the root; 2) in the case of oscillation of the grid frequency, the adjustment target of the primary frequency modulation fluctuates along with the grid frequency, and at this time, due to the hysteresis of the primary frequency modulation of the hydroelectric generating set caused by factors such as the adjustment mechanism, the water flow inertia, the mechanical inertia and the like, even if the PID parameter of the speed regulator is set to be in a completely ideal state, the harmful effect of maintaining or promoting the grid frequency oscillation of the primary frequency modulation of the hydroelectric generating set cannot be avoided, and the patent does not provide a solution to the situation.
Chinese patent 'WAMS-based ultra-low frequency oscillation monitoring and emergency control method thereof' (CN 107872064A) proposes that in the oscillation process of the power grid frequency, the damping effect of primary frequency modulation of a hydroelectric generating set on the power grid frequency is calculated by a multi-signal Prony method through the active power of the generating set and the power grid frequency signal, and the automatic intervention is carried out on the primary frequency modulation function according to the calculation result, but the Prony algorithm needs to calculate least square fitting and a high-order algebraic equation for complex root, is very sensitive to the influence of signal noise, is contrary to the simple and reliable principle of a real-time control system of a power system, and greatly weakens the feasibility of the providing method.
Chinese patent "a screening method of an ultra-low frequency oscillation sensitive unit of an electric power system" (CN 107506945A) provides a method for screening the ultra-low frequency oscillation sensitive unit, but has the following problems: 1) no feasible method for establishing a simulation model and performing small interference calculation by using the simulation model is provided; 2) because rotary equipment such as a water turbine and a generator is involved and is influenced by factors such as water flow inertia and mechanical inertia, a simulation model is built to analyze the speed regulator of the hydroelectric generating set, and particularly when quantitative analysis is carried out, the difference from the actual working condition is often large, and the obtained sensitive coefficient of the hydroelectric generating set is insufficient in confidence and service; 3) the unit sensitivity is judged only through constants such as reference capacity, rated capacity, inertia time and the like, and in the actual oscillation process, the influence of the hydroelectric generator set on the power grid frequency is also influenced by important factors such as data acquisition delay, the power grid frequency oscillation period and the like, so that the confidence and the serviceability of the obtained unit sensitivity coefficient are further weakened.
Therefore, it is a problem to be solved to design a reliable and simple method which can be popularized and applied in real-time control systems of various hydropower stations, can quickly discriminate active power oscillation of the hydropower units which is not beneficial to the stability of the power system, and further terminate the active power oscillation by means of automatic or manual intervention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing the active power of the hydroelectric generating set from generating ultralow frequency oscillation in the adjusting process, which can automatically monitor the ultralow frequency oscillation which is generated in the adjusting process of the active power of the hydroelectric generating set and is not beneficial to the stability of a power system according to the adjusting type of the active power of the hydroelectric generating set and the actual oscillation condition of the frequency of a power grid, and stop the corresponding active power adjusting function according to the monitoring result or stop the corresponding active power adjusting function through manual intervention after alarming.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preventing active power of a hydroelectric generating set from generating ultralow frequency oscillation during regulation, comprising the following operations:
s1000) activating a corresponding active power oscillation monitoring module according to the actual working condition of the hydroelectric generating set: when the hydroelectric generating set is in the active power constant value adjusting process, activating a constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module provided with a timer; when the hydroelectric generating set is in the primary frequency modulation process, activating a primary frequency modulation oscillation monitoring module provided with a logic judgment module; when the hydroelectric generating set is in the constant value adjusting process and the primary frequency modulation process at the same time, activating the constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module and the primary frequency modulation oscillation detecting module at the same time;
s2000) when the constant value adjustment oscillation monitoring module is activated, the constant value adjustment oscillation monitoring module carries out the following t on the unit active power oscillation caused by the constant value adjustment1And t2Monitoring: t is t1Adjusting the accumulated time of the dead zone range for the real active power value exceeding the set active power value; t is t2The continuous accumulation time of the dead zone range is adjusted for the active power real value entering the active power set value; and compare t1、t2And an out-of-limit parameter T1、T2Judging whether the constant value adjusting function is normal or not; when the fixed value adjusting function is monitored to be abnormal, the unit quits the fixed value adjusting function;
s3000) when the primary frequency modulation oscillation detection module is activated, the primary frequency modulation oscillation detection module simultaneously adopts A, B two logics to sequentially judge, quantify and accumulate the effect of the primary frequency modulation on the stability of the power system; the logic A carries out direction monitoring based on the deviation direction of an active power real value relative to an active power set value and the deviation direction of the power grid frequency relative to a rated frequency; b, carrying out trend monitoring on the basis of active power real-time values and sampling data of the power grid frequency in the last two periods by logic B;
a, B, when the quantified adverse effect of one of the two logics exceeds the judgment threshold value, giving an alarm and prompting an operator to perform manual intervention; when the accumulated adverse effects of the two logics A, B exceed the judgment threshold, the unit exits the primary frequency modulation function.
The step S1000) specifically includes the following operations:
s1100) when the active power constant value adjusting function of the hydroelectric generating set is switched on, changing the active power set value into an initial time, stabilizing the active power actual value within the active power constant value adjusting dead zone range of the active power set value as an end time, and activating a constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module when the hydroelectric generating set is in the active power constant value adjusting process;
s1200), when the hydroelectric generating set is judged to be in the primary frequency modulation process through one of the following two modes, the primary frequency modulation oscillation monitoring module is activated:
s1210) changing a switch measuring point of primary frequency modulation action of the hydroelectric generating set from 0 to 1 as an initial time, changing the switch measuring point of the primary frequency modulation action of the hydroelectric generating set from 1 to 0 as an end time, and keeping the hydroelectric generating set in a primary frequency modulation process;
s1220) when the primary frequency modulation function of the hydroelectric generating set is put into operation, the initial time is the time when the absolute value of the deviation between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is greater than or equal to the primary frequency modulation threshold of the hydroelectric generating set, and the end time is the time when the absolute value of the deviation between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is less than the primary frequency modulation threshold of the hydroelectric generating set, during which the hydroelectric generating set is in the primary frequency modulation process.
The step S2000) includes:
s2100) timer monitoring accumulated time t in constant value adjustment oscillation monitoring module1And t2Wherein t is1The cumulative time, t, of the dead band range for the real value of active power exceeding the set value of active power2The continuous accumulation time of the dead zone range is adjusted for the active power real value entering the active power set value;
s2200) setting an out-of-limit parameter T in a constant value regulation oscillation monitoring module1And T2Wherein T is1For t1Judgment of timeout, T2For t2Judging overtime;
s2300) when the absolute value of the difference between the active power actual value and the active power set value of the unit is less than the active power regulation dead zone, t2Starting timing;
s2400) when the absolute value of the difference between the active power actual value and the active power set value of the unit is larger than the active power regulation dead zone, t1Starting the timer t2Returning to zero;
s2500) when the active power set value of the unit is changed, t1Returning to zero;
s2600) when t2≥T2When, will t1Returning to zero;
s2700) when t1≥T1In time, the constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module judges that the set constant value adjusting function is in one of the following two conditions:
1) the fixed value adjusting function cannot be adjusted in place, and the absolute value of the difference between the real active power value and the set active power value is longer than the adjusting dead zone of the set active power value;
2) the active power of the hydroelectric generating set is in an oscillation state, and the real output value of the active power cannot be stabilized within the regulation dead zone range of the set value of the active power;
both of the two conditions belong to the abnormal condition of the constant value adjusting function, and the unit exits the constant value adjusting function.
The step S3000) includes the following operations:
s3100), setting A logic to judge, quantize and accumulate the correctness of the primary frequency modulation action direction:
s3110) in each calculation period of the real-time control system, judging whether the direction of the primary frequency modulation action is correct or not according to the data sampling result of the period: when the deviation direction of the real active power value relative to the set active power value is opposite to the deviation direction of the power grid frequency relative to the rated frequency, the action direction of the primary frequency modulation is considered to be correct; otherwise, the action direction of the primary frequency modulation is considered to be wrong;
s3120) quantifying the determination result of S3110;
s3130) accumulating the calculation results of S3120 in the last several periods;
s3200) setting a B logic to judge, quantify and accumulate the correctness of the primary frequency modulation action trend:
s3210) in each calculation cycle of the real-time control system, judging whether the trend of the primary frequency modulation action is correct according to the data sampling results of the last two cycles: if the active power actual value and the current period sampling data of the power grid frequency are both larger than or both smaller than the upper period sampling data, the trend of the primary frequency modulation action is considered to be wrong; otherwise, the trend of the primary frequency modulation action is considered to be correct;
s3220) quantizing the determination result of S3210;
s3230) accumulating the calculation results of S3220 in the latest periods;
s3300) comparing the accumulation result of S3130) and the accumulation result of S3230) with a set judgment threshold value, respectively;
s3400) when the accumulation result of S3130) exceeds a judgment threshold value and the accumulation result of S3230) does not exceed the judgment threshold value, alarming and determining whether the primary frequency modulation function should be quitted by an operator;
s3500) when the accumulation result of S3230) exceeds a judgment threshold value and the accumulation result of S3130) does not exceed the judgment threshold value, alarming and determining whether the primary frequency modulation function should be quitted by an operator;
s3600) when the accumulation result of the S3130) and the accumulation result of the S3230) both exceed a judgment threshold value, the unit quits the primary frequency modulation function.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the method, oscillation monitoring is respectively carried out according to the regulation characteristics of the active power set value regulation and the primary frequency modulation of the hydroelectric generating set, wherein the static characteristic that the active power set value is usually kept unchanged in the set value regulation is utilized by the set value regulation monitoring module, and the grid frequency is used as a reference by the primary frequency modulation monitoring module, so that ultralow frequency oscillation of the active power of the hydroelectric generating set, which is not beneficial to the stability of a power system, can be effectively screened.
According to the invention, A, B two judgment logics are designed for the primary frequency modulation with more complex working conditions, when the primary frequency modulation is considered to be not beneficial to the stability of the power system by the two logics, the primary frequency modulation function is automatically quitted, otherwise, only an alarm is given and whether the primary frequency modulation function is quitted or not is determined by an operator, so that the possibility of misjudgment and misquitting of the primary frequency modulation function of a real-time control system is avoided, and the reliability of the function is improved;
the algorithm is designed based on simple four arithmetic operation functions, a timing function, a numerical comparison function and an AND or NOR logic function, does not relate to complex function operation, calculus and other high-level operation functions, is simple and reliable to implement, and has wide applicability to a hydropower station real-time control system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a main flow chart of the method for preventing the active power of the hydroelectric generating set from generating ultralow frequency oscillation in the process of regulating according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of timer triggered timing and timing zeroing in a constant value regulated oscillation monitoring module;
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of active power ultra-low frequency oscillation caused by constant value regulation;
fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of active power ultra-low frequency oscillation caused by primary frequency modulation.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, which are given by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for preventing the active power of the hydroelectric generating set from generating the ultra-low frequency oscillation in the adjusting process provided by the invention comprises the following operations:
s1000) activating a corresponding active power oscillation monitoring module according to the actual working condition of the hydroelectric generating set: when the hydroelectric generating set is in the active power constant value adjusting process, activating a constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module provided with a timer; when the hydroelectric generating set is in the primary frequency modulation process, activating a primary frequency modulation oscillation monitoring module provided with a logic judgment module; when the hydroelectric generating set is in the constant value adjusting process and the primary frequency modulation process at the same time, activating the constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module and the primary frequency modulation oscillation detecting module at the same time;
s2000) when the constant value adjustment oscillation monitoring module is activated, the constant value adjustment oscillation monitoring module carries out the following t on the unit active power oscillation caused by the constant value adjustment1And t2Monitoring: t is t1Adjusting the accumulated time of the dead zone range for the real active power value exceeding the set active power value; t is t2The continuous accumulation time of the dead zone range is adjusted for the active power real value entering the active power set value; and compare t1、t2And an out-of-limit parameter T1、T2Judging whether the constant value adjusting function is normal or not; when the fixed value adjusting function is monitored to be abnormal, the unit quits the fixed value adjusting function;
s3000) when the primary frequency modulation oscillation detection module is activated, the primary frequency modulation oscillation detection module simultaneously adopts A, B two logics to sequentially judge, quantify and accumulate the effect of the primary frequency modulation on the stability of the power system; the logic A carries out direction monitoring based on the deviation direction of an active power real value relative to an active power set value and the deviation direction of the power grid frequency relative to a rated frequency; b, carrying out trend monitoring on the basis of active power real-time values and sampling data of the power grid frequency in the last two periods by logic B;
a, B, when the quantified adverse effect of one of the two logics exceeds the judgment threshold value, giving an alarm and prompting an operator to perform manual intervention; when the accumulated adverse effects of the two logics A, B exceed the judgment threshold, the unit exits the primary frequency modulation function.
Further, the step S1000) specifically includes the following operations:
s1100) when the active power constant value adjusting function of the hydroelectric generating set is switched on, changing the active power set value into an initial time, stabilizing the active power actual value within the active power constant value adjusting dead zone range of the active power set value as an end time, and activating a constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module when the hydroelectric generating set is in the active power constant value adjusting process;
s1200), when the hydroelectric generating set is judged to be in the primary frequency modulation process through one of the following two modes, the primary frequency modulation oscillation monitoring module is activated:
s1210) changing the switching measuring point of the primary frequency modulation action of the hydroelectric generating set from 0 to 1 as an initial time, changing the switching measuring point of the primary frequency modulation action of the hydroelectric generating set from 1 to 0 as an end time, and keeping the hydroelectric generating set in the primary frequency modulation process;
s1220) when the primary frequency modulation function of the hydroelectric generating set is put into operation, the initial time is the time when the absolute value of the deviation between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is greater than or equal to the primary frequency modulation threshold of the hydroelectric generating set, and the end time is the time when the absolute value of the deviation between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is less than the primary frequency modulation threshold of the hydroelectric generating set, during which the hydroelectric generating set is in the primary frequency modulation process.
Further, the step S2000) includes:
s2100) timer monitoring accumulated time t in constant value adjustment oscillation monitoring module1And t2Wherein t is1The cumulative time, t, of the dead band range for the real value of active power exceeding the set value of active power2The continuous accumulation time of the dead zone range is adjusted for the active power real value entering the active power set value;
s2200) setting an out-of-limit parameter T in a constant value regulation oscillation monitoring module1And T2Wherein T is1For t1Judgment of timeout, T2For t2Judging overtime;
s2300) when the absolute value of the difference between the active power actual value and the active power set value of the unit is less than the active power regulation dead zone, t2Starting timing;
s2400) when the absolute value of the difference between the active power actual value and the active power set value of the unit is larger than the active power regulation dead zone, t1Starting the timer t2Returning to zero;
s2500) when the active power set value of the unit is changed, t1Returning to zero;
s2600) when t2≥T2When, will t1Returning to zero;
s2700) when t1≥T1In time, the constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module judges that the set constant value adjusting function is in one of the following two conditions:
1) the fixed value adjusting function cannot be adjusted in place, and the absolute value of the difference between the real active power value and the set active power value is longer than the adjusting dead zone of the set active power value;
2) the active power of the hydroelectric generating set is in an oscillation state, and the real output value of the active power cannot be stabilized within the regulation dead zone range of the set value of the active power;
both of the two conditions belong to the abnormal condition of the constant value adjusting function, and the unit exits the constant value adjusting function.
Further, the step S3000) includes the following operations:
s3100), setting A logic to judge, quantize and accumulate the correctness of the primary frequency modulation action direction:
s3110) in each calculation period of the real-time control system, judging whether the direction of the primary frequency modulation action is correct or not according to the data sampling result of the period: when the deviation direction of the real active power value relative to the set active power value is opposite to the deviation direction of the power grid frequency relative to the rated frequency, the action direction of the primary frequency modulation is considered to be correct; otherwise, the action direction of the primary frequency modulation is considered to be wrong;
s3120) quantifying the determination result of S3110;
s3130) accumulating the calculation results of S3120 in the last several periods;
s3200) setting a B logic to judge, quantify and accumulate the correctness of the primary frequency modulation action trend:
s3210) in each calculation cycle of the real-time control system, judging whether the trend of the primary frequency modulation action is correct according to the data sampling results of the last two cycles: if the active power actual value and the current period sampling data of the power grid frequency are both larger than or both smaller than the upper period sampling data, the trend of the primary frequency modulation action is considered to be wrong; otherwise, the trend of the primary frequency modulation action is considered to be correct;
s3220) quantizing the determination result of S3210;
s3230) accumulating the calculation results of S3220 in the latest periods;
s3300) comparing the accumulation result of S3130) and the accumulation result of S3230) with a set judgment threshold value, respectively;
s3400) when the accumulation result of S3130) exceeds a judgment threshold value and the accumulation result of S3230) does not exceed the judgment threshold value, alarming and determining whether the primary frequency modulation function should be quitted by an operator;
s3500) when the accumulation result of S3230) exceeds a judgment threshold value and the accumulation result of S3130) does not exceed the judgment threshold value, alarming and determining whether the primary frequency modulation function should be quitted by an operator;
s3600) when the accumulation result of the S3130) and the accumulation result of the S3230) both exceed a judgment threshold value, the unit quits the primary frequency modulation function.
Specific examples are given below.
The invention provides a method for preventing active power of a hydroelectric generating set from generating ultralow frequency oscillation in the adjusting process, which comprises the following steps:
s1000) activating a corresponding active power oscillation monitoring module according to the actual working condition of the hydroelectric generating set, for example: when the hydroelectric generating set is in the active power constant value adjusting process, activating a constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module; when the hydroelectric generating set is in the primary frequency modulation process, activating a primary frequency modulation oscillation monitoring module; when the hydroelectric generating set is in the constant value adjusting process and the primary frequency modulation process at the same time, activating the constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module and the primary frequency modulation oscillation detecting module at the same time;
further, the activation of the oscillation monitoring module comprises the following operations:
s1100), when the hydroelectric generating set is in the active power constant value adjusting process, activating a constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module.
S1110) judging conditions of the initial moment of the active power constant value regulation of the hydroelectric generating set are that the active power constant value regulation function of the hydroelectric generating set is put into use, and the active power set value is changed;
s1120) judging conditions of the hydroelectric generating set at the useful power fixed value adjusting finishing moment are that the set active power fixed value adjusting function exits, or the active power actual value is continuously in the active power set value adjusting dead zone range for more than 10 seconds.
S1200) when the hydroelectric generating set is in a primary frequency modulation process, activating a primary frequency modulation oscillation monitoring module: 1) the method comprises the following steps that the starting point of the primary frequency modulation of the hydroelectric generating set is judged according to the condition that the switching measurement point of the primary frequency modulation action of the hydroelectric generating set is changed from 0 to 1;
2) the judgment condition of the primary frequency modulation ending time of the hydroelectric generating set is that the switching measurement point of the primary frequency modulation action of the hydroelectric generating set is changed from 1 to 0.
S2000) when the constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module is activated, monitoring unit active power oscillation caused by constant value adjustment, and when continuous oscillation is monitored, automatically exiting the unit constant value adjusting function; the specific operation comprises the following steps:
1) setting timer t in constant value regulating oscillation monitoring module1And t2Wherein t is1The cumulative time, t, of the dead band range for the real value of active power exceeding the set value of active power2The continuous accumulation time of the dead zone range is adjusted for the active power real value entering the active power set value;
2) setting an out-of-limit parameter T in a constant-value-regulated oscillation monitoring module1And T2Wherein T is1For setting parameters artificially for t1Timeout determination, which is set to 60 seconds in the present embodiment; wherein T is2For setting parameters artificially for t2Timeout determination, which is set to 10 seconds in the present embodiment;
3) according to S2300 to S2600, t is set1And t2The triggering timing logic and timing zero logic of the timer are shown in fig. 2.
4) When t is1And when the time is more than or equal to 60 seconds, sending a constant value adjusting function quit instruction to the constant value adjusting mechanism, so that the constant value adjusting mechanism does not adjust the real active power sending value according to the set value of the active power any more.
S3000) when the primary frequency modulation oscillation detection module is activated, judging, quantifying and accumulating the effect of primary frequency modulation on the stability of the power system by adopting A, B logics, and automatically quitting the primary frequency modulation function of the unit when the adverse effect accumulated by A, B logics exceeds a judgment threshold; otherwise, when the adverse effect quantified by one of the two logics A, B exceeds a decision threshold, an alarm is raised and manual intervention by an operator is introduced. The specific operation comprises the following steps:
s3100), a logic is set to judge, quantize and accumulate the correctness of the primary frequency modulation action direction, and the method comprises the following steps:
s3110) in each calculation period of the real-time control system, judging whether the direction of the primary frequency modulation action is correct or not according to the data sampling result of the period, and when the deviation direction of the real active power value relative to the set active power value is opposite to the deviation direction of the power grid frequency relative to the rated frequency, considering that the action direction of the primary frequency modulation is correct; otherwise, the action direction of the primary frequency modulation is considered to be wrong;
s3120) quantifying the determination result of S3110: sgn (v)P-sP)×sgn(vf-50), wherein vpIs the real value of active power, spIs an active power set point, vfThe power grid frequency is obtained, sgn is a sign function, and when the quantization result is positive, the primary frequency modulation action direction is consistent with the power grid frequency deviation direction and is wrong; when the quantization result is negative, the primary frequency modulation action direction is opposite to the power grid frequency deviation direction, and the primary frequency modulation action direction is correct.
S3130) the last 30 cycles of calculation results from S3120 are accumulated.
S3200) setting a B logic to judge, quantify and accumulate the correctness of the primary frequency modulation action trend, and the method comprises the following steps:
s3210) in each calculation cycle of the real-time control system, judging whether the trend of the primary frequency modulation action is correct according to the data sampling results of the last two cycles, and if the real active power value and the current cycle sampling data of the grid frequency are both greater than or both less than the last cycle sampling data, considering that the trend of the primary frequency modulation action is wrong; otherwise, the trend of the primary frequency modulation action is considered to be correct;
s3220) quantizes the determination result of S3210: sgn (v)p-vp')×sgn(vf-vf') Wherein v isp’Up-cycle sampled value, v, being the real value of active powerf’When the quantization result is positive, the primary frequency modulation action trend is consistent with the power grid frequency variation trend, and the primary frequency modulation action trend is wrong; when the quantization result is negative, the primary frequency modulation action trend is opposite to the power grid frequency change trend, and the primary frequency modulation action trend is correct.
S3230) accumulating the calculation results of the last 30 periods obtained in S3220.
S3300) comparing the accumulation result of S3130 and the accumulation result of S3230 with a manually set judgment threshold value 10, respectively;
s3400) when the accumulated result of S3130 is more than or equal to 10 and the accumulated result of S3230 is less than 10, alarming and determining whether the primary frequency modulation function should be quitted by an operator;
s3500) when the accumulated result of S3230 is more than or equal to 10 and the accumulated result of S3130 is less than 10, alarming and determining whether the primary frequency modulation function should be quitted by an operator;
s3600) when the accumulation result of S3130 and the accumulation result of S3230 are both equal to or more than 10, automatically exiting the primary frequency modulation function.
The effectiveness of preventing the active power oscillation of the hydroelectric generating set caused by constant value adjustment and primary frequency modulation can be verified through the function simulation of the embodiment in the case of the ultralow frequency oscillation of the active power of the two hydroelectric generating sets.
Firstly, the case of active power oscillation of the hydroelectric generating set caused by constant value adjustment and the simulation effect of the invention are as follows:
1) the rated power of the hydroelectric generating set is 350 MW; the active power adjustment dead zone is 5 MW; the adjusting mode is a monitoring system PLC and speed regulator double closed loop adjusting mode, wherein the monitoring system PLC adopts a proportional pulse calculating mode, and the speed regulator adopts a PID calculating mode;
2) in the constant value adjustment oscillation case, the oscillation curve of the active power is shown in fig. 3;
3) after the method for preventing the active power of the hydroelectric generating set from generating ultralow frequency oscillation in the adjusting process is adopted, the simulation result is shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 active power ultralow frequency oscillation effect generated during the process of the invention acting on fixed value regulation
4) As shown in Table 1, when the active power set value is changed at 0:30:40, the active power constant value regulation starts, but the active power real value cannot be stabilized within the regulation dead zone (5MW) range of the active power set value (257.5MW) all the time, the active power low-frequency oscillation of the unit is judged by the constant value regulation oscillation monitoring module at 0:31:39, and the active power constant value regulation function is exited.
Secondly, the case that the primary frequency modulation causes the active power oscillation of the hydroelectric generating set, and the simulation effect of the invention is as follows:
1) in the primary frequency modulation oscillation case, the oscillation curves of the active power and the power grid frequency are shown in fig. 4;
2) after the method for preventing the active power of the hydroelectric generating set from generating ultralow frequency oscillation in the adjusting process is adopted, the simulation result is shown in table 2;
table 2 the effect of the invention on the active power generated during the primary frequency modulation is shown
3) As shown in table 2, when the grid frequency is lower than 49.95Hz at a ratio of 21:25:55, the primary frequency modulation of the hydroelectric generating set starts to act, but the adjustment effect is always in an undesirable state due to the influence of factors such as adjustment delay and the like, so that the primary frequency modulation oscillation monitoring module sends out primary frequency modulation abnormal alarm for many times; if the operator does not quit the primary frequency modulation function in the period 21:28:26, the adjustment effects which are logically accumulated by the primary frequency modulation oscillation monitoring module A, B and are not beneficial to the stability of the power system exceed the judgment threshold, and then a primary frequency modulation function quitting instruction is sent to the primary frequency modulation execution mechanism, and the actual active power value is not adjusted according to the deviation of the power grid frequency and the rated frequency.
Tables 1 and 2 show the simulation results of the method for preventing the active power of the hydroelectric generating set from generating the ultralow frequency oscillation in the adjusting process, which is applied to the actual active power ultralow frequency oscillation case, and show that the method can effectively monitor and stop the active power ultralow frequency oscillation which is generated by the hydroelectric generating set due to constant value adjustment or primary frequency modulation and is not beneficial to the stability of a power system.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the foregoing embodiments, and the foregoing embodiments and descriptions are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, such as using different parameters, adding alarm reset dead zone function, using other calculation formulas at S3120 and S3220, and the like, and such changes and modifications are within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preventing the active power of a hydroelectric generating set from generating ultralow frequency oscillation in the process of regulation is characterized by comprising the following operations:
s1000) activating a corresponding active power oscillation monitoring module according to the actual working condition of the hydroelectric generating set: when the hydroelectric generating set is in the active power constant value adjusting process, activating a constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module provided with a timer; when the hydroelectric generating set is in the primary frequency modulation process, activating a primary frequency modulation oscillation monitoring module provided with a logic judgment module; when the hydroelectric generating set is in the constant value adjusting process and the primary frequency modulation process at the same time, activating the constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module and the primary frequency modulation oscillation detecting module at the same time;
s2000) when the constant value adjustment oscillation monitoring module is activated, the constant value adjustment oscillation monitoring module carries out the following t on the unit active power oscillation caused by the constant value adjustment1And t2Monitoring: t is t1Adjusting the accumulated time of the dead zone range for the real active power value exceeding the set active power value; t is t2The continuous accumulation time of the dead zone range is adjusted for the active power real value entering the active power set value; and compare t1、t2And an out-of-limit parameter T1、T2Judging whether the constant value adjusting function is normal or not; when the fixed value adjusting function is monitored to be abnormal, the unit quits the fixed value adjusting function;
s3000) when the primary frequency modulation oscillation detection module is activated, the primary frequency modulation oscillation detection module simultaneously adopts A, B two logics to sequentially judge, quantify and accumulate the effect of the primary frequency modulation on the stability of the power system; the logic A carries out direction monitoring based on the deviation direction of an active power real value relative to an active power set value and the deviation direction of the power grid frequency relative to a rated frequency; b, carrying out trend monitoring on the basis of active power real-time values and sampling data of the power grid frequency in the last two periods by logic B;
a, B, when the quantified adverse effect of one of the two logics exceeds the judgment threshold value, giving an alarm and prompting an operator to perform manual intervention; when the accumulated adverse effects of the two logics A, B exceed the judgment threshold, the unit exits the primary frequency modulation function.
2. The method for preventing the active power of the hydroelectric generating set from generating the ultra-low frequency oscillation during the regulation process according to claim 1, wherein the step S1000) comprises the following operations:
s1100) when the active power constant value adjusting function of the hydroelectric generating set is switched on, changing the active power set value into an initial time, stabilizing the active power actual value within the active power constant value adjusting dead zone range of the active power set value as an end time, and activating a constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module when the hydroelectric generating set is in the active power constant value adjusting process;
s1200), when the hydroelectric generating set is judged to be in the primary frequency modulation process through one of the following two modes, the primary frequency modulation oscillation monitoring module is activated:
s1210) changing a switch measuring point of primary frequency modulation action of the hydroelectric generating set from 0 to 1 as an initial time, changing the switch measuring point of the primary frequency modulation action of the hydroelectric generating set from 1 to 0 as an end time, and keeping the hydroelectric generating set in a primary frequency modulation process;
s1220) when the primary frequency modulation function of the hydroelectric generating set is put into operation, the initial time is the time when the absolute value of the deviation between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is greater than or equal to the primary frequency modulation threshold of the hydroelectric generating set, and the end time is the time when the absolute value of the deviation between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is less than the primary frequency modulation threshold of the hydroelectric generating set, during which the hydroelectric generating set is in the primary frequency modulation process.
3. The method for preventing the active power of the hydroelectric generating set from generating ultralow frequency oscillations during the regulation according to claim 1, wherein said step S2000) comprises:
s2100) timer monitoring accumulated time t in constant value adjustment oscillation monitoring module1And t2Wherein t is1The cumulative time, t, of the dead band range for the real value of active power exceeding the set value of active power2The continuous accumulation time of the dead zone range is adjusted for the active power real value entering the active power set value;
s2200) setting an out-of-limit parameter T in a constant value regulation oscillation monitoring module1And T2Wherein T is1For t1Judgment of timeout, T2For t2Judging overtime;
s2300) when the absolute value of the difference between the active power actual value and the active power set value of the unit is less than the active power regulation dead zone, t2Starting timing;
s2400) when the absolute value of the difference between the active power actual value and the active power set value of the unit is larger than the active power regulation dead zone, t1Starting the timer t2Returning to zero;
s2500) when the active power set value of the unit is changed, t1Return to zero；
S2600) when t2≥T2When, will t1Returning to zero;
s2700) when t1≥T1In time, the constant value adjusting oscillation monitoring module judges that the set constant value adjusting function is in one of the following two conditions:
1) the fixed value adjusting function cannot be adjusted in place, and the absolute value of the difference between the real active power value and the set active power value is longer than the adjusting dead zone of the set active power value;
2) the active power of the hydroelectric generating set is in an oscillation state, and the real output value of the active power cannot be stabilized within the regulation dead zone range of the set value of the active power;
both of the two conditions belong to the abnormal condition of the constant value adjusting function, and the unit exits the constant value adjusting function.
4. The method for preventing the generation of ultra low frequency oscillations in the active power of hydroelectric generating sets according to claim 1, wherein said step S3000) comprises the following operations:
s3100), setting A logic to judge, quantize and accumulate the correctness of the primary frequency modulation action direction:
s3110) in each calculation period of the real-time control system, judging whether the direction of the primary frequency modulation action is correct or not according to the data sampling result of the period: when the deviation direction of the real active power value relative to the set active power value is opposite to the deviation direction of the power grid frequency relative to the rated frequency, the action direction of the primary frequency modulation is considered to be correct; otherwise, the action direction of the primary frequency modulation is considered to be wrong;
s3120) quantifying the determination result of S3110);
s3130) accumulating the calculation results of S3120) the last several periods;
s3200) setting a B logic to judge, quantify and accumulate the correctness of the primary frequency modulation action trend:
s3210) in each calculation cycle of the real-time control system, judging whether the trend of the primary frequency modulation action is correct according to the data sampling results of the last two cycles: if the active power actual value and the current period sampling data of the power grid frequency are both larger than or both smaller than the upper period sampling data, the trend of the primary frequency modulation action is considered to be wrong; otherwise, the trend of the primary frequency modulation action is considered to be correct;
s3220) quantizing the determination result of S3210);
s3230) accumulating the calculation results of S3220) in the latest periods;
s3300) comparing the accumulation result of S3130) and the accumulation result of S3230) with a set judgment threshold value, respectively;
s3400) when the accumulation result of S3130) exceeds a judgment threshold value and the accumulation result of S3230) does not exceed the judgment threshold value, alarming and determining whether the primary frequency modulation function should be quitted by an operator;
s3500) when the accumulation result of S3230) exceeds a judgment threshold value and the accumulation result of S3130) does not exceed the judgment threshold value, alarming and determining whether the primary frequency modulation function should be quitted by an operator;
s3600) when the accumulation result of the S3130) and the accumulation result of the S3230) both exceed a judgment threshold value, the unit quits the primary frequency modulation function.
5. The method for preventing the active power of the hydroelectric generating set from generating the ultralow frequency oscillation during the regulation process according to claim 4, wherein the quantification of the determination result in S3120) is: sgn (v)P-sP)×sgn(vf-50)；
Wherein v ispIs the real value of active power, spIs an active power set point, vfFor the grid frequency, sgn is a sign function; when the quantization result is positive, the primary frequency modulation action direction is consistent with the power grid frequency deviation direction, and the primary frequency modulation action direction is wrong; when the quantization result is negative, the primary frequency modulation action direction is opposite to the power grid frequency deviation direction, and the primary frequency modulation action direction is correct.
6. Method for preventing the generation of ultra low frequency oscillations in the active power of hydroelectric power generating units during regulation according to claim 4, characterized in thatIn S3220), the determination result is quantized to: sgn (v)p-vp')×sgn(vf-vf')；
Wherein v ispIs the real value of active power, vp’Up-cycle sampled value, v, being the real value of active powerfTo the grid frequency, vf’An up-period sampling value of the power grid frequency is obtained; when the quantization result is positive, the primary frequency modulation action trend is consistent with the power grid frequency variation trend, and the primary frequency modulation action trend is wrong; when the quantization result is negative, the primary frequency modulation action trend is opposite to the power grid frequency change trend, and the primary frequency modulation action trend is correct.
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| CN110212569B (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-08-28 | 云南电力技术有限责任公司 | Primary frequency modulation method and system for hydroelectric generating set |
| CN110518602B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2023-05-26 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | Automatic power generation control method with joint participation of water power and energy storage |
| CN110989548B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2022-11-01 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Method for judging abnormal closed-loop regulation function of active power of single machine of hydraulic generator |
| CN112343763B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-05-31 | 四川华能宝兴河水电有限责任公司 | Method and system for adjusting power pulse of approach type hydropower station |
| CN113315175B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-07-12 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Hydropower and thermal power active power dynamic compensation method based on primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation |
| CN114188994B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2024-01-19 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Adjusting method for improving dynamic stability of primary frequency modulation adjusting process |
| CN115441472B (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2024-09-13 | 深圳中广核工程设计有限公司 | Nuclear power unit primary frequency modulation system switching control method and system |
| CN117713026B (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-05-24 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Automatic power generation control method, device and equipment matched with direct-current power transmission system |
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