CN109494400A - Double fluorine sulfimide lithiums/1,3- dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolyte and preparation method thereof and battery - Google Patents
Double fluorine sulfimide lithiums/1,3- dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolyte and preparation method thereof and battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN109494400A CN109494400A CN201811209553.2A CN201811209553A CN109494400A CN 109494400 A CN109494400 A CN 109494400A CN 201811209553 A CN201811209553 A CN 201811209553A CN 109494400 A CN109494400 A CN 109494400A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0085—Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolytes and preparation method thereof and batteries, belong to technical field of lithium batteries.With double fluorine sulfimide lithiums and 1, double fluorine sulfimide lithiums are dissolved in 1,3- dioxolane and are uniformly mixed as presoma by 3- dioxolane, and double fluorine sulfimide lithium concentrations are 3-4molL in mixed liquor‑1；Then closed placement makes 1, the 3- dioxolane in mixed liquor that polymerization reaction gradually occur under double fluorine sulfimide lithium catalytic action, forms gel electrolyte.This gel electrolyte has electrochemical window mouth width, stablizes to lithium an- ode, and has many advantages, such as to inhibit lithium dendrite growth effect good, can greatly improve the cycle efficieny of lithium an- ode.Preparation process of the invention is simple, and the prices of raw materials are cheap, and low energy consumption, it is suitable for large-scale industrial production, to the lithium metal battery of a variety of positive electrodes, such as: lithium-sulfur cell, lithium-ferric phosphate lithium cell, lithium-cobalt acid lithium battery, lithium-air battery etc. are also applicable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of electrolyte for lithium cells material, and in particular to a kind of double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,
3- dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolyte and preparation method thereof and battery.
Background technique
Lithium metal is due to theoretical capacity height (3860mAh g-1), electronegativity is low (- 3.04V vs.SHE), and theoretical density is low
(0.534g cm-3) and be a kind of ideal lithium cell cathode material the advantages that pure lithium source.In fact, next
For the lithium-sulfur cell, solid lithium battery and lithium-air battery of high-energy density, it is necessary to use lithium metal as cathode
Material, the use of lithium an- ode are almost to improve the only selection of lithium battery energy density.But lithium an- ode has two
Big disadvantage, first, lithium metal is extremely active, it is existing research shows that it can be chemically reacted with all organic solvents, at it
Surface forms one layer of solid electrolyte interface layer (solid state interface).In the deposition process of lithium metal, part
Lithium metal reacts to lose activity with electrolyte, leads to lower cycle efficieny, and in charge and discharge process repeatedly, lithium
The sustained response of metal negative electrode and electrolyte will lead to the gradually consumption of electrolyte until exhausting, to seriously limit following for battery
The ring service life.More serious situation is lithium metal in charging Recovery Process, is not uniform deposition negative terminal surface, but at certain
For a little current potential higher positions with Dendritic forms undue growth, being easy to poke diaphragm during circulating battery leads to the inside of lithium battery
Short circuit, to cause the failure even major accident of battery.
At present it has been reported that many methods are dedicated to solving the above problems, such as lithium metal alloy, optimization electrolyte component
With the use of functional additive, chemical method previously prepared artificial SEI film, solid electrolyte, but such methods have its densification
Defect.A kind of novel electrolyte is developed, it can the good positive and negative pole material for infiltrating battery, inhibition lithium dendrite growth, raising lithium
The cycle efficieny of metal negative electrode will have broad application prospects and great practical significance.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the problems, such as that existing lithium metal battery exists, and provide a kind of novel double fluorine sulphurs
Imide li/1,3- dioxolane gel electrolyte.The gel electrolyte liquid preparing process is simple, and low energy consumption, at low cost, is suitable for
Large-scale industrial production, double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1, the 3- dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolytes being prepared have electricity
Chemical window is wide, inhibits Li dendrite and improves the good advantage of lithium an- ode cycle efficieny effect.
Specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
The preparation method of double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolytes, this method include as follows
Step:
Under inert atmosphere protection, with double fluorine sulfimide lithiums and 1,3- dioxolane is as presoma, by double fluorine sulphonyl
Imine lithium is dissolved in 1,3- dioxolane and is uniformly mixed, and double fluorine sulfimide lithium concentrations are 3-4molL in mixed liquor-1；Then
Closed placement makes 1, the 3- dioxolane in mixed liquor that polymerization reaction gradually occur under double fluorine sulfimide lithium catalytic action,
Form gel electrolyte.
Preferably, when polymerization reaction, temperature control is -20~60 DEG C.
Preferably, the time of the closed placement is 24 hours or more.
Preferably, the inert atmosphere is argon atmosphere or nitrogen atmosphere, and the water content in inert atmosphere is less than 1ppm, oxygen
Content is less than 1ppm.
Double fluorine sulphonyl prepared by the preparation method as described in above-mentioned either a program that another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of
Imine lithium/1,3- dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolyte.
Another object of the present invention is to provide one kind based on double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane gel electrolytes
Lithium metal battery, double fluorine sulfimide lithiums/1,3- containing the preparation method preparation as described in above-mentioned either a program in the battery
Dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolyte.
Preferably, the lithium metal battery uses lithium metal as cathode.
Preferably, the diaphragm in the lithium metal battery uses Celgard battery diaphragm.
Preferably, the lithium metal battery is lithium-sulfur cell, lithium-ferric phosphate lithium cell, lithium-cobalt acid lithium battery, lithium-sky
Pneumoelectric pond.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of as above-mentioned based on double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane gels
The manufacturing method of the lithium metal battery of electrolyte, this method are specific as follows: under inert atmosphere protection, by double fluorine sulfimide lithiums
It is dissolved in 1,3- dioxolane, is uniformly mixed and forms mixed liquor, double fluorine sulfimide lithium concentrations are 3-4molL-1；It will
The leaching of Celgard battery diaphragm is set in the mixed liquor, forms gel electrolyte on Celgard battery diaphragm after closed placement
Liquid；Finally assembly obtains lithium metal battery.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that
1) double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane gel electrolytes prepared by the present invention, simple with preparation process,
Advantage at low cost.
2) double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane gel electrolyte electrochemical window mouth widths prepared by the present invention are applicable in
In the lithium metal battery of a variety of positive electrodes, such as lithium-sulfur cell, lithium-ferric phosphate lithium cell, lithium-cobalt acid lithium battery, lithium-air
Battery etc..
3) double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane gel electrolytes have good wetting effect to positive and negative electrode, more
It is important that it is highly stable to lithium an- ode, and have the extraordinary effect for inhibiting Li dendrite.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 3.5molL prepared by embodiment 1-1Gel electrolyte is applied to lithium/copper button cell test cathode of lithium and follows
Ring efficiency.A) current density 2mAcm-2；B) and c) current density 5mAcm-2；
Fig. 2 is 3.5molL prepared by embodiment 1-1Gel electrolyte is applied to lithium/lithium button cell test cathode of lithium and follows
Ring stability, a) current density is 5mAcm-2；B) current density is 10mAcm-2；
Fig. 3 is 1 lithium of embodiment/copper battery in current density 5mAcm-2Lower polarization 10 hours, is deposited on the lithium on copper sheet surface
Sedimentary scanning electron microscope front elevation；
Fig. 4 is that embodiment 1 uses 3.5molL-1The lithium of gel electrolyte/iron button cell linearly sweeps voltammogram, range
For 1.0-6.0V, scanning speed 50mVs-1；
Fig. 5 is 2.5molL prepared by comparative example 1-1Electrolyte liquid is applied to lithium/copper button cell test cathode of lithium circulation
Efficiency.A) current density 1mAcm-2；b)2mAcm-2；
Fig. 6 is 2.5molL prepared by comparative example 1-1It is steady that electrolyte is applied to lithium/lithium button cell test cathode of lithium circulation
Qualitative, a) current density is 1mAcm-2；B) current density is 2mAcm-2；
Fig. 7 is 1 lithium of comparative example/copper battery in current density 5mAcm-2Lower polarization 10 hours, is deposited on the lithium on copper sheet surface
Sedimentary scanning electron microscope front elevation.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated and is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Embodiment 1
Using double fluorine sulfimide lithiums as solute, 1,3- dioxolane is solvent, and (water content < is being protected with argon atmosphere
1ppm, oxygen content < 1ppm) glove box in configure 3.5molL-1Double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane electrolyte,
And the leaching of 2400 diaphragm of Celgard is placed in electrolyte, after placing 24 hours at normal temperature, form gel electrolyte.Then it fills
With lithium/copper and lithium/lithium button cell (CR2025) test lithium an- ode material cycle efficieny and cyclical stability, lithium piece is straight
Diameter 12mm, copper sheet diameter 18mm.
Fig. 4 is lithium manufactured in the present embodiment/copper button cell cycle efficieny.The current density of Fig. 1 .a is 2mAcm-2, figure
The current density of 1.b and Fig. 1 .c is 5mAcm-2, the blanking voltage of charging is 1V vs.Li/Li+.From figure 1 it appears that nothing
It is 2mAcm by current density-2Or 5mAcm-2, cycle efficieny all close to 100%, shows gel electrolyte to lithium an- ode
Very stabilization leads to cycle efficieny superelevation.Fig. 2 is lithium/lithium Symmetrical cells of this implementation preparation, the electricity in Fig. 2 .a and Fig. 2 .b
Current density is up to 5mAcm respectively-2And 10mAcm-2, after having recycled more than 2000 hours, the increase of polarizing voltage is very small, together
Even sample shows that in the case where high current density polarizes, gel electrolyte is equally very stable to lithium an- ode.Fig. 3 be lithium/
Copper battery is in current density 5mAcm-2Lower polarization 10 hours, is deposited on the lithium sedimentary front scan electron microscope on copper sheet surface
Figure.It can be seen from the figure that sedimentary is very fine and close, without Li dendrite, based on the particulate matter of no corner angle.Fig. 4 is
3.5molL-1The lithium of gel electrolyte/iron button cell linearly sweeps voltammogram, as can be seen from the figure when voltage is greater than 5.1V
When, electrolyte just starts to decompose, and shows that gel electrolyte has very wide electrochemical window, is suitable at present absolutely mostly
Number lithium battery system.
Embodiment 2
Using double fluorine sulfimide lithiums as solute, 1,3- dioxolane is solvent, and (water content < is being protected with argon atmosphere
1ppm, oxygen content < 1ppm) glove box in configure 3.0molL-1Double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane electrolyte,
And the leaching of 2400 diaphragm of Celgard is placed in electrolyte, after placing 24 hours at normal temperature, form gel electrolyte.Then it fills
With lithium/copper and lithium/lithium button cell (CR2025) test lithium an- ode material cycle efficieny and cyclical stability, lithium piece is straight
Diameter 12mm, copper sheet diameter 18mm.By test, the gel electrolyte of the preparation in the present embodiment is also similar to Example 1, has
Higher cycle efficieny and cyclical stability.
Embodiment 3
Using double fluorine sulfimide lithiums as solute, 1,3- dioxolane is solvent, and (water content < is being protected with argon atmosphere
1ppm, oxygen content < 1ppm) glove box in configure 4.0molL-1Double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane electrolyte,
And the leaching of 2400 diaphragm of Celgard is placed in electrolyte, after placing 24 hours at normal temperature, form gel electrolyte.Then it fills
With lithium/copper and lithium/lithium button cell (CR2025) test lithium an- ode material cycle efficieny and cyclical stability, lithium piece is straight
Diameter 12mm, copper sheet diameter 18mm.By test, the gel electrolyte of the preparation in the present embodiment is also similar to Example 1, has
Higher cycle efficieny and cyclical stability.
Comparative example 1
Using double fluorine sulfimide lithiums as solute, 1,3- dioxolane is solvent, and (water content < is being protected with argon atmosphere
1ppm, oxygen content < 1ppm) glove box in configure 2.5molL-1Double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane electrolyte,
And the leaching of 2400 diaphragm of Celgard is placed in electrolyte, after placing 24 hours at normal temperature, do not form gel electrolyte.So
Lithium/copper and lithium/lithium button cell (CR2025) test lithium an- ode material cycle efficieny and cyclical stability, lithium are assembled afterwards
Piece diameter 12mm, copper sheet diameter 18mm.
Fig. 5 is lithium/copper button cell cycle efficieny of this implementation comparative example preparation.Current density in Fig. 5 .a is
1mAcm-2, battery, which can only be stablized, recycles 490 circles, and subsequent cycle efficieny starts to become unstable.When current density promotion is arrived
2mAcm-2, battery, which can only be stablized, recycles 330 circles, and subsequent cycle efficieny drops to 90% or less.Fig. 6 is lithium/lithium of this implementation preparation
The current density of Symmetrical cells, Fig. 6 .a and Fig. 6 .b is respectively 1mAcm-2And 2mAcm-2, polarizing voltage increase clearly, electricity
Solution liquid is obviously not so good as gel electrolyte to the stability of lithium an- ode.Fig. 7 is lithium/copper battery in current density 5mAcm-2Lower pole
Change 10 hours, is deposited on the lithium sedimentary front scan electron microscope picture on copper sheet surface.It can be seen from the figure that sedimentary ratio
Loosely, corner angle are more sharp.
It can be seen that double fluorine sulfimide lithium concentrations should be protected in double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane electrolyte
It holds in 3-4molL-1, in the concentration range, polymerization reaction occurs under the catalysis of 1,3- dioxolane load lithium salts and forms gel electricity
Liquid is solved, but too high or too low concentration can have an adverse effect to finally formed electrolyte effect.
It is to be noted that embodiment described above is several preferable schemes of the invention, so it is not used
To limit the present invention.Those of ordinary skill in related technical field, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, also
It can make a variety of changes and modification.For example, temperature may be controlled to -20~60 DEG C when polymerization reaction, and stands and polymerize
The time of reaction can also be adjusted according to the difference of temperature, be specifically subject to and be capable of forming gel electrolyte.In addition, reaction
When can also be using other inert atmospheres except argon gas, such as high pure nitrogen etc..Therefore all to take equivalent replacement or equivalent change
The mode changed technical solution obtained, falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolytes, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
Under inert atmosphere protection, with double fluorine sulfimide lithiums and 1,3- dioxolane is as presoma, by double fluorine sulfimides
Lithium is dissolved in 1,3- dioxolane and is uniformly mixed, and double fluorine sulfimide lithium concentrations are 3-4molL in mixed liquor-1；Then closed
It places, makes 1, the 3- dioxolane in mixed liquor that polymerization reaction gradually occur under double fluorine sulfimide lithium catalytic action, formed
Gel electrolyte.
2. the preparation method of double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolytes as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, temperature control is -20~60 DEG C when polymerization reaction.
3. the preparation method of double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolytes as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the time of the closed placement is 24 hours or more.
4. the preparation method of double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolytes as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the inert atmosphere is argon atmosphere or nitrogen atmosphere, the water content in inert atmosphere is less than 1ppm, oxygen content
Less than 1ppm.
5. a kind of double fluorine sulfimide lithiums of the preparation of the preparation method as described in Claims 1 to 4 is any/1,3- dioxolane lithium electricity
Pond gel electrolyte.
6. lithium metal battery of the one kind based on double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane gel electrolytes, which is characterized in that contain
There are double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolytes as claimed in claim 5.
7. the lithium metal battery as claimed in claim 6 based on double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane gel electrolytes,
It is characterized in that, the lithium metal battery uses lithium metal as cathode.
8. the lithium metal battery as claimed in claim 6 based on double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane gel electrolytes,
It is characterized in that, the diaphragm in the lithium metal battery uses Celgard battery diaphragm.
9. the lithium metal battery as claimed in claim 6 based on double fluorine sulfimide lithium/1,3- dioxolane gel electrolytes,
It is characterized in that, the lithium metal battery is lithium-sulfur cell, lithium-ferric phosphate lithium cell, lithium-cobalt acid lithium battery, lithium-air electricity
Pond.
10. a kind of as claimed in claim 6 based on double fluorine sulfimide lithiums/1,3- dioxolane gel electrolyte lithium metal electricity
The manufacturing method in pond, which is characterized in that under inert atmosphere protection, double fluorine sulfimide lithiums are dissolved in 1,3- dioxolane
In, it is uniformly mixed and forms mixed liquor, double fluorine sulfimide lithium concentrations are 3-4molL-1；The leaching of Celgard battery diaphragm is set in institute
It states in mixed liquor, forms gel electrolyte on Celgard battery diaphragm after closed placement；Finally assembly obtains lithium metal electricity
Pond.
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| CN201811209553.2A CN109494400A (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2018-10-17 | Double fluorine sulfimide lithiums/1,3- dioxolane lithium battery gel electrolyte and preparation method thereof and battery |
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| CN110635165A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-31 | 广东天劲新能源科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing gel polymer electrolyte and gel battery by in-situ ring-opening polymerization |
| CN115505115A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2022-12-23 | 北京理工大学深圳汽车研究院(电动车辆国家工程实验室深圳研究院) | Composition for preparing gel electrolyte, electrolyte and battery thereof |
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| CN115505115A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2022-12-23 | 北京理工大学深圳汽车研究院(电动车辆国家工程实验室深圳研究院) | Composition for preparing gel electrolyte, electrolyte and battery thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190319 |