CN109490979A - A kind of millimeter wave radiometer array structure and design method suitable near field fast imaging - Google Patents
A kind of millimeter wave radiometer array structure and design method suitable near field fast imaging Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109490979A CN109490979A CN201811339512.5A CN201811339512A CN109490979A CN 109490979 A CN109490979 A CN 109490979A CN 201811339512 A CN201811339512 A CN 201811339512A CN 109490979 A CN109490979 A CN 109490979A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- array
- imaging
- phased array
- radiometer
- millimeter wave
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
- G01V8/005—Prospecting or detecting by optical means operating with millimetre waves, e.g. measuring the black losey radiation
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of millimeter wave radiometer array structure and design method suitable near field fast imaging, the bracket including several identical One-dimension Phased Array column and One-dimension Phased Array column.Wherein each One-dimension Phased Array is made of several multi-channel integrated receiver front end modules with certain angle.According to the principle of radiometer Near-Field Radar Imaging, pass through the channel spacing of integrated receiver front-end module in optimization One-dimension Phased Array, the overall dimensions of angle and array between front-end module, the areas imaging and spatial resolution index of requirement can be realized in the near-field region of millimeter wave radiometer real work, and obtain the sidelobe level of optimization.The present invention is directed to the application of radiometer Near-Field Radar Imaging, proposes a kind of millimeter wave radiometer array structure suitable near field fast imaging, has lower sidelobe level than conventional plane array structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of millimeter wave radiometer array structures and design method suitable near field fast imaging, belong to
Microwave security protection remote sensing, mm-wave imaging technical field.
Background technique
Radiometer is a kind of a kind of highly sensitive device for receiving object natural radiation or reflection electromagnetic wave；Millimeter wave refers to
Wavelength is in millimeter magnitude (10mm~1mm), electromagnetic wave of the respective frequencies in 30GHz~300GHz；Millimeter wave radiometer refers to work
Make the radiometer within the scope of millimeter wave frequency band.Millimeter wave radiometer has wavelength short, broadband, penetrates energy with certain
The advantages of power, electromagnetic-radiation-free, is all widely used in military and civilian application field.
In recent years, as International Terrorism form becomes increasingly severeer, entrance in public places, for human body and its with
The safety check of body belongings becomes more more and more urgent.Millimeter wave array radiation meter has fast imaging ability, can be in a non-contact manner
The contraband that human body carries is detected, is identified, is a kind of effective means for realizing quick human body safety check.
The score of millimeter wave array radiation is focal plane system and pupil plane system two major classes.Focal plane system millimeter wave array
The depth of field of radiometer is limited, cannot realize that autozoom, the safety check of real-time tracking are imaged to human body near field.Pupil plane
System radiometer by the way of digital beam froming, can real-time tracking human motion, carry out near field real time imagery.
The aerial array of conventional pupil plane system radiometer system is laid out in the same plane, is suitable for remote
Target imaging；In Near-Field Radar Imaging application, the array layout in such same plane can make the point spread function of imaging system
Sidelobe level increase, reduce system imaging quality.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that: it is laid out for the planar array of conventional pupil plane system millimeter wave radiometer array
The sidelobe level present in Near-Field Radar Imaging increases problem, proposes a kind of millimeter wave radiometer suitable near field fast imaging
Array structure and design method have lower sidelobe level, improve property of the millimeter wave radiometer in Near-Field Radar Imaging application
Energy.
Technical solution of the invention: the present invention provides a kind of millimeter wave radiometer battle array suitable near field fast imaging
Array structure, including several identical One-dimension Phased Arrays column and One-dimension Phased Array are disbursed from the cost and expenses frame.The One-dimension Phased Array arranges installation
It is fixed within phased array bracket.The One-dimension Phased Array is by several integrated receiver front end moulds with certain angle
Block composition, for receiving the millimeter-wave signal of target emanation.The millimeter wave radiometer array structure enables to millimeter wave
Radiometer obtains sidelobe level more lower than conventional plane array in Near-Field Radar Imaging.
Further, the integrated receiver front-end module in One-dimension Phased Array is integrated with antenna and radio frequency reception channel,
It may include 1 or several receiving channels.Interval between integrated receiver front-end module channel is phased by Near-Field Radar Imaging
The areas imaging of battle array scanning direction is determining, usually 0.5~3 times of operation wavelength.
Further, One-dimension Phased Array is made of several integrated receiver front-end modules with certain angle, folder
The range of angle θ is about 2~7 degree.The extension length of One-dimension Phased Array is by specific Near-Field Radar Imaging apart from upper required space point
Resolution determines.It is symmetric to simplify installation and support Design, integrated front-end module relative to array centerline.Integration
Angle before front-end module is by specific Near-Field Radar Imaging apart from upper, the minimum design of the sidelobe level of imaging system point spread function
Criterion optimizes.It under the premise of being spaced between integrated front-end module meets installation requirements, should be as small as possible, to be use up
Measure high main-beam efficiency.
Further, on the direction vertical with phase-array scanning direction, millimeter wave radiometer array contains several
The identical One-dimension Phased Array arranged by uniform intervals or non-uniform spacing, interval between One-dimension Phased Array thus direction at
As range determines.The arrangement size of One-dimension Phased Array is determined by the spatial resolution on the specific image-forming range that this side up.
A kind of millimeter wave radiometer array design methodology suitable near field fast imaging of the invention, it is close according to radiometer
The principle of field imaging, passes through the channel spacing of integrated receiver front-end module in optimization design One-dimension Phased Array, realizes near field
Areas imaging requirement；By the overall dimensions of optimization design One-dimension Phased Array, Near-Field Radar Imaging spatial resolution requirements are realized；It is protecting
In the case where demonstrate,proving imaging space resolution ratio, pass through the angle between front-end module in optimization design One-dimension Phased Array, simulated radiation
The point spread function of meter systems keeps its maximum sidelobe level minimum, to realize required Array Design.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that: the present invention is according to the original of pupil plane system radiometer Near-Field Radar Imaging
Reason, according to the distance of Near-Field Radar Imaging, areas imaging, imaging resolution requirement, by the emulation to system imaging point spread function,
Determine in phased array the integrated channel spacing of front-end module, the size of phased array, the arrangement interval between phased array and
The arrangement size of phased array；According on the specific image-forming range near field, minimum turn to of the sidelobe level in phase-array scanning direction is set
Criterion is counted, by emulating the angle determined in One-dimension Phased Array between integrated front-end module, specific for Near-Field Radar Imaging is answered
It is laid out relative to conventional planar array using the array layout with certain angle with demand, radiometers image-forming system can be made
The sidelobe level of system point spread function reduces, to improve the imaging performance of millimeter-wave radiation meter systems.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of millimeter wave radiometer array structure suitable near field fast imaging of the present invention, and 1 is one-dimensional phased
Battle array, 2 be integration receiver front end, 3 be phased array bracket；
Fig. 2 is millimeter wave radiometer array and its Near-Field Radar Imaging area schematic；
Fig. 3 is the array layout and simulation result when integrated receiver module angle is 0 degree in phased array, and (a) is battle array
Column Layout's schematic diagram (b) is array point spread function simulation result；
Fig. 4 is the array layout and simulation result when integrated receiver module angle is 1 degree in phased array, and (a) is battle array
Column Layout's schematic diagram (b) is array point spread function simulation result；
Fig. 5 is the array layout and simulation result when integrated receiver module angle is 2 degree in phased array, and (a) is battle array
Column Layout's schematic diagram (b) is array point spread function simulation result；
Fig. 6 is the array layout and simulation result when integrated receiver module angle is 3 degree in phased array, and (a) is battle array
Column Layout's schematic diagram (b) is array point spread function simulation result；
Fig. 7 is the array layout and simulation result when integrated receiver module angle is 5 degree in phased array, and (a) is battle array
Column Layout's schematic diagram (b) is array point spread function simulation result；
Fig. 8 is the array layout and simulation result when integrated receiver module angle is 7 degree in phased array, and (a) is battle array
Column Layout's schematic diagram (b) is array point spread function simulation result；
Fig. 9 is the array layout and simulation result when integrated receiver module angle is 10 degree in phased array, and (a) is battle array
Column Layout's schematic diagram (b) is array point spread function simulation result；
Figure 10 is that integrated receiver module angle is the emulation knot of array when changing within the scope of 0~10 degree in phased array
Fruit, (a) are spatial resolution simulation result, (b) are array point spread function maximum sidelobe level simulation result.
Specific embodiment
A kind of millimeter wave radiometer suitable near field fast imaging proposed by the present invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing
Array structure and design method.
As shown in Figure 1, composition of the invention includes: that several identical One-dimension Phased Array column 1 and One-dimension Phased Array are disbursed from the cost and expenses
Frame 3.Each One-dimension Phased Array, which is arranged, to be made of several integrated receiver front ends 2 according to certain angle arrangement.It is multiple one-dimensional
Phased array is arranged into two-dimensional array at certain intervals.The present invention can be obtained and be arranged than conventional plane in Near-Field Radar Imaging
The lower sidelobe level of array.
The present invention uses following technical thought:
Firstly, calculating radiometer system battle array according to the distance and imaging region of the work of millimeter-wave radiation meter systems near field
Imaging viewing field range required for arranging.Then, the imaging space resolution requirement according to system in this operating distance, according to day
The basic theories of linear array estimates the substantially overall dimensions of aerial array.Secondly, according to the imaging viewing field range of aerial array
It is required that estimating the channel spacing of integrated receiver module in phased array according to the basic principle of phased array imaging.Again,
According to the channel spacing and number of active lanes of integrated receiver module, the size of integrated receiver module is determined, according to antenna
Array overall dimensions estimate the number of integrated receiver module needed for One-dimension Phased Array.Finally, being directed to radiometer system
The Near-Field Radar Imaging region of system makes the sidelobe level of the point spread function of system by optimizing the angle of integrated receiver module
It is minimum, so that it is determined that final array arrangement.
It will be suitable for the tool of the millimeter wave radiometer array structure of near field fast imaging by preferred embodiment introduction below
Body embodiment.
Firstly, as shown in Fig. 2, being the Near-Field Radar Imaging area schematic of millimeter radiometer.Millimeter wave radiometer array distance
The edge of imaging region is D, be width by imaging region is W, and length is the rectangular area of L.Image-forming range is closer, by imaging mesh
, geometrical relationship according to Fig.2, bigger relative to the subtended angle of radiometer array is marked, model is imaged in maximum needed for radiometer array
It enclosesWith D=1m, W=1m calculating, maximum areas imaging needed for radiometer array be Δ θ=
0.927rad=53.13 °
Then, the imaging space resolution requirement according to needed for radiometer array, estimates the substantially whole of radiometer array
Body size.The spatial resolution of radiometer system estimates that formula isWherein, H is target range radiometer system
Distance, λ are the working frequency of radiometer, DAFor the overall dimensions of radiometer array.The spatial resolution of radiometer system with
Image-forming range variation, is calculated by taking spatial resolution required by the center B point in Near-Field Radar Imaging region as an example.It is assumed that B point institute
It is required that spatial resolution be 5cm, then array overall dimensions
Secondly, estimating the channel spacing of integrated receiver module according to imaging viewing field area requirement.According to this example
Required imaging viewing field range is θ=0.927rad=53.13 ° of Δ of requirement, according to phased array imaging principle, phased array
The relationship of areas imaging and channel spacing are as follows:Wherein θ is phased array imaging range, and d is interchannel in phased array
Every.By 53.13 degree of imaging viewing field area requirement, the channel spacing for calculating integrated receiver module is d=1.25 λ.
Again, according to the channel spacing and number of active lanes of integrated receiver module, integrated receiver module is determined
Size.The number of active lanes of integrated receiver module usually has an optimal value in engineering practice, generally 8~16 range
It is interior.The number of active lanes of integrated receiver module is very little, and there are many number of modules needed for system, and level of integrated system is too low；One
The number of active lanes for changing receiver module is too many, and the technique of module realizes that difficulty is big, and production and maintenance cost are high.By taking 8 channels as an example,
The size of integrated receiver module is about DM≈ 8 × 1.25 λ=10 λ.According to aerial array overall dimensions DA=40 λ, Yi Jiyi
Body receiver module dimension DM=10 λ, the number for estimating integrated receiver module needed for One-dimension Phased Array is 4.
Finally, be directed to radiometer system Near-Field Radar Imaging region, by optimize integrated receiver module angle, make be
The sidelobe level of the point spread function of system is minimum, so that it is determined that final array arrangement.In the embodiment of the present invention, with optimal imaging
For the minor level of point spread function at regional center B, the optimization for carrying out angle is calculated.According to the above array basic parameter
And geometrical relationship is expanded according to the principle of phased array imaging using system point of the Matlab emulation array in different angles
The case where dissipating function, and the indexs such as maximum sidelobe levels and 3dB beam efficiency are compared.In emulation, radiometer system
Working frequency is 34GHz, and the installation interval in phased array between 4 integrated receiver modules is designed as 2 times of integrated modules
Channel spacing.By emulating in different angles, the sidelobe level and calculating 3dB wave beam effect of the point spread function of system
Rate can obtain optimal array angle parameter.
Fig. 3 is the system point spread function simulation result that integrated receiver module angle is 0 degree, the first minor level
For -14.2dB, 3dB beam angle is about 3.7cm.
Fig. 4 is the system point spread function simulation result that integrated receiver module angle is 1 degree, the first minor level
For -15.3dB, 3dB beam angle is 3.7cm.
Fig. 5 is the system point spread function simulation result that integrated receiver module angle is 2 degree, the first minor level
For -16.7dB, 3dB beam angle is 4.0cm.
Fig. 6 is the system point spread function simulation result that integrated receiver module angle is 3 degree, the first minor level
For -17.2dB, 3dB beam angle is 4.0cm.
Fig. 7 is the system point spread function simulation result that integrated receiver module angle is 5 degree, the first minor level
For -16.8dB, 3dB beam angle is 4.3cm.
Fig. 8 is the system point spread function simulation result that integrated receiver module angle is 7 degree, the first minor level
For -15.8dB, 3dB beam angle is 5.2cm.
Fig. 9 is the system point spread function simulation result that integrated receiver module angle is 10 degree, the first minor lobe electricity
It puts down as -12.0dB, 3dB beam angle is 8.6cm.
In the case of Figure 10 summarizes different angles, the relation curve of the first minor level, 3dB beam angle and angle, by
This can be seen that the increase with integrated receiver module angle, the spatial resolution of radiometer system point spread function by
Gradual change is poor, and when angle is more than 7 degree, spatial resolution is more than 5cm, is unsatisfactory for systemic resolution requirement.System point spread function
Maximum sidelobe level with angle increase first become smaller, after become larger.When angle is about 3 degree, maximum sidelobe level is most
It is low, it is -17.2dB, resolution ratio is 4cm at this time, meets resolution requirement.It is secondary compared with conventional angle is 0 degree of planar array
Valve level reduces 3dB.
Although describing specific implementation method of the invention above, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that these
It is merely illustrative of, under the premise of without departing substantially from the principle of the invention and realization, numerous variations can be made to these embodiments
Or modification, therefore, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of millimeter wave radiometer array structure suitable near field fast imaging, it is characterised in that: identical including several
One-dimension Phased Array column and phased array bracket, phased array be installed within phased array bracket, phased array completes radiometer system
Near-field scan imaging function, phased array bracket realize that fixed function is installed in the position of phased array.
2. the millimeter wave radiometer array structure according to claim 1 suitable near field fast imaging, it is characterised in that:
The One-dimension Phased Array includes several identical integrated receiver front-end modules, with certain between receiver front end module
Angle theta is arranged, and receiver front end module is relative to the symmetrical distribution of array center；About 5~6 times before radiometer
When array surface size is apart from upper imaging, the range of angle theta is 2~7 degree.
3. the millimeter wave radiometer array structure according to claim 2 suitable near field fast imaging, it is characterised in that:
The integrated receiver module includes one or more channels, between channel between be divided into 0.5~3 times of wave-length coverage；Receiver
Interval between module is greater than receiving channel interval.
4. a kind of millimeter wave radiometer array design methodology suitable near field fast imaging, it is characterised in that: according to radiometer
The principle of Near-Field Radar Imaging is realized close by the channel spacing of integrated receiver front-end module in optimization design One-dimension Phased Array
Field areas imaging requirement；By the overall dimensions of optimization design One-dimension Phased Array, Near-Field Radar Imaging spatial resolution requirements are realized；?
In the case where guaranteeing imaging space resolution ratio, by the angle between front-end module in optimization design One-dimension Phased Array, spoke is emulated
The point spread function for penetrating meter systems keeps its maximum sidelobe level minimum, to realize required Array Design.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811339512.5A CN109490979B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Millimeter wave radiometer array structure suitable for near-field rapid imaging and design method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811339512.5A CN109490979B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Millimeter wave radiometer array structure suitable for near-field rapid imaging and design method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109490979A true CN109490979A (en) | 2019-03-19 |
| CN109490979B CN109490979B (en) | 2020-05-29 |
Family
ID=65695547
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811339512.5A Active CN109490979B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Millimeter wave radiometer array structure suitable for near-field rapid imaging and design method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109490979B (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101467303A (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2009-06-24 | 秦内蒂克有限公司 | Phased array antenna system with two dimensional scanning |
| CN102288959A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2011-12-21 | 北京理工大学 | Passive imaging system and method for millimeter wave focal plane |
| CN102844673A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2012-12-26 | 国际商业机器公司 | Phased array millimeter wave imaging techniques |
| US20130234891A1 (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Imaging architecture with code-division multiplexing for large aperture arrays |
| WO2017149094A1 (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2017-09-08 | Qinetiq Limited | Detection device |
| CN108088570A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2018-05-29 | 北京遥感设备研究所 | A kind of radiometers image-forming method based on phase-array scanning system |
| CN108258406A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-06 | 淮阴师范学院 | A kind of millimeter of wave polarization detection radiometer |
-
2018
- 2018-11-12 CN CN201811339512.5A patent/CN109490979B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101467303A (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2009-06-24 | 秦内蒂克有限公司 | Phased array antenna system with two dimensional scanning |
| CN102844673A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2012-12-26 | 国际商业机器公司 | Phased array millimeter wave imaging techniques |
| CN102288959A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2011-12-21 | 北京理工大学 | Passive imaging system and method for millimeter wave focal plane |
| US20130234891A1 (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Imaging architecture with code-division multiplexing for large aperture arrays |
| WO2017149094A1 (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2017-09-08 | Qinetiq Limited | Detection device |
| CN108088570A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2018-05-29 | 北京遥感设备研究所 | A kind of radiometers image-forming method based on phase-array scanning system |
| CN108258406A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-06 | 淮阴师范学院 | A kind of millimeter of wave polarization detection radiometer |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 苗俊刚 等: "被动毫米波实时成像技术", 《微波学报》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109490979B (en) | 2020-05-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110739527B (en) | Beam reconstruction method, antenna, microwave equipment and network system | |
| Witvliet et al. | Near vertical incidence skywave propagation: Elevation angles and optimum antenna height for horizontal dipole antennas | |
| US10454187B2 (en) | Phased array antenna having sub-arrays | |
| US9007254B2 (en) | Antenna beam control elements, systems, architectures, and methods for radar, communications, and other applications | |
| Dupleich et al. | Multi-band propagation and radio channel characterization in street canyon scenarios for 5G and beyond | |
| US11962097B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for selecting antenna elements of an antenna array | |
| CN107275803A (en) | A kind of millimeter wave reflection from lens formula intelligent antenna equipment | |
| Wang et al. | Retro-directive beamforming versus retro-reflective beamforming with applications in wireless power transmission | |
| Sadovaya et al. | Ray-based modeling of directional millimeter-wave V2V transmissions in highway scenarios | |
| CN102208717B (en) | Planar dual-direction radiating antenna | |
| Egarguin et al. | Adaptive beamforming using scattering from a drone swarm | |
| CN107799905A (en) | Terahertz polarization separator based on reflected beam skew | |
| Deng et al. | Enhancing millimeter wave cellular networks via UAV-borne aerial IRS swarms | |
| Hong et al. | Mmwave measurement of RF reflectors for 5G green communications | |
| Kothapudi et al. | Design of 0.73 λ inter-element spacing linear array for 0.43 GHz P/UHF-band tropospheric radar wind profiler | |
| CN109490979A (en) | A kind of millimeter wave radiometer array structure and design method suitable near field fast imaging | |
| Getahun et al. | Performance analysis of mmWave radio propagations in an indoor environment for 5G networks | |
| CN206148623U (en) | Wide band omnidirectional antenna | |
| Majed et al. | Propagation path loss modeling and coverage measurements in urban microcell in millimeter wave frequency bands | |
| Khawaja et al. | Indoor coverage enhancement for mmwave systems with passive reflectors: Measurements and ray tracing simulations | |
| Mologni et al. | Investigation on the deployment of FSS as electromagnetic shielding for 5G devices | |
| Markish | Design and measurements of MIMO radar arrays for autonomous vehicles | |
| Du et al. | Matching in the air: Optimal analog beamforming under angular spread | |
| Belous et al. | Antennas and antenna devices for radar location and radio communication | |
| Chung et al. | The effects of array element number on 28 GHz propagation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |