CN109490936A - Integrate the γ radiation chamber detection system and method for low energy type and high energy type - Google Patents
Integrate the γ radiation chamber detection system and method for low energy type and high energy type Download PDFInfo
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- CN109490936A CN109490936A CN201811624539.9A CN201811624539A CN109490936A CN 109490936 A CN109490936 A CN 109490936A CN 201811624539 A CN201811624539 A CN 201811624539A CN 109490936 A CN109490936 A CN 109490936A
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- ionisation chamber
- interior
- chamber
- cylinder
- dose rate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/185—Measuring radiation intensity with ionisation chamber arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of γ radiation chamber detection systems and method for integrating low energy type and high energy type, the system includes ionization chamber detector, high-voltage suppling power, electrometer circuit and controller, and controller drives electrometer circuit by electrometer driving circuit；The method comprising the steps of: one, the assembly of ionization chamber detector；Two, the power supply of ionization chamber detector and the acquisition of γ radiation data；Three, electrometer circuit returns to zero；Four, the measurement of high gamma dose rate；Five, judge whether the measurement result of high gamma dose rate is greater than high gamma dose rate threshold value；Six, the measurement of low gamma dose rate；Seven, judge whether the measurement result of low gamma dose rate is less than low gamma dose rate threshold value.The present invention measures low energy region gamma-rays using open and setting metallized film ring outer ionisation chamber cylinder, high-energy section gamma-rays is measured using closed interior ionisation chamber cylinder simultaneously, complete function, and converted measurement is carried out to gamma-rays dosage rate by electrometer circuit, realize the measurement of high low dose rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to γ radiation detection technology fields, and in particular to a kind of γ spoke for integrating low energy type and high energy type
Penetrate ionisation chamber detection system and method.
Background technique
The detector more used in military nuclear radiation detection instrument both at home and abroad at present is Geiger-Mueller tube or ionisation chamber
Detector, GM tubing region γ monitoring device are used for core because its high sensitivity, impulse amplitude are big, easy to use, cheap
The workplace of power station, nuclear facilities etc. and the monitoring of equipment room gamma dose rate.But in petroleum, chemical industry, pharmacy, weaving, military affairs
Etc. industries often easily flash over or there are imflammable gas burning etc. accidents, easily GM tubing region γ monitoring device is caused to ruin
It is bad, it cannot achieve region γ radiation detection；Ionization chamber detector stability is good, the γ monitoring being applicable in adverse circumstances, but
Be the detection of existing γ radiation chamber energy of γ ray range mostly in 60keV~3MeV, without energy response 60keV with
Under γ radiation chamber detector, more lack and be directed to low energy region γ radiation detection, the outer field areas γ of low energy can not be detected
The outfield strength of radiation, and then when can not be in field areas outside low energy to human body, γ Radiation On Human body damages offer foundation.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that providing a kind of collection low energy type
The γ radiation chamber detection system being integrated with high energy type, it is novel in design reasonable, utilize open and setting metallized film ring
Outer ionisation chamber cylinder measure low energy region gamma-rays, while measuring high-energy section gamma-rays using closed interior ionisation chamber cylinder, function is complete
It is standby, and converted measurement is carried out to gamma-rays dosage rate by electrometer circuit, it realizes the measurement of high low dose rate, makes convenient for promoting
With.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: integrate the γ of low energy type and high energy type
Radiation chamber detection system, it is characterised in that: the height of high voltage power supply is provided including ionization chamber detector, for ionization chamber detector
Pressure power supply, the electrometer circuit that voltage conversion is carried out to ionization chamber detector output signal and driving electrometer circuit are simultaneously adopted
Collect the controller of electrometer circuit output signal, controller drives electrometer circuit by electrometer driving circuit；The ionization
Room detector includes bottom plate and coaxial and inside and outside nesting is mounted on interior ionisation chamber cylinder and outer ionisation chamber cylinder on the bottom plate, outside
Ionisation chamber cylinder is provided with far from one end of the bottom plate for measuring the gamma-ray metallized film ring of low energy region, outer ionisation chamber cylinder
Outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer is coated on inner wall, the one end of interior ionisation chamber cylinder far from the bottom plate is close by interior ionization chamber cap
It seals, is coated with interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer on the inner wall of interior ionisation chamber cylinder, is coated with interior electricity on the outer wall of interior ionisation chamber cylinder
From room drum outer wall conductive layer, the bottom plate, which is located at the regional center position in interior ionisation chamber cylinder, is equipped with ionisation chamber cylinder in stretching
Interior ionisation chamber collector connector, one end that interior ionisation chamber collector connector is located in interior ionisation chamber cylinder is equipped with interior ionisation chamber collection
Electrode is equipped with the interior ionization being connected to interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer on the region that the bottom plate is located in interior ionisation chamber cylinder
Room high-pressure stage, the bottom plate be equipped on the region between interior ionisation chamber cylinder and outer ionisation chamber cylinder outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage and
Outer ionisation chamber collector, outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage are connected to outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer, and outer ionisation chamber collector is by leading
Electric inserts is connected to interior ionisation chamber drum outer wall conductive layer, and interior ionisation chamber collector connector is pacified far from one end of interior ionisation chamber collector
Equipped with the dead ring cooperated with the bottom plate；
Electrometer circuit includes electric current precision amplifier LMP7721 and voltage follower, the electric current precision amplifier
The inverting input terminal of LMP7721 is all connected with interior ionisation chamber collector connector and outer ionisation chamber collector, and the electric current precision is put
Three tunnels of non-inverting input terminal point of big device LMP7721, connect with the output end YFout of the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721 all the way
It connects, another way is connect through low dose rate convert resistance R7 with the inverting input terminal of the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721, third
Road is connect with the voltage follower, and interior ionisation chamber high-pressure stage and outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage are connect with high-voltage suppling power.
The above-mentioned γ radiation chamber detection system for integrating low energy type and high energy type, it is characterised in that: the electricity
From ionisation chamber protection cylinder is arranged with outside the detector of room, the top of ionisation chamber protection cylinder is equipped with ionisation chamber protective cover, the ionization
Room protective cover is engraved structure, and the ionisation chamber protection cylinder is that conductive ionisation chamber protects cylinder, and the conduction ionisation chamber protection cylinder connects
Ground；It is that aluminum ionisation chamber protects cylinder that ionisation chamber, which protects cylinder, and ionisation chamber protective cover is aluminum ionisation chamber protective cover.
The above-mentioned γ radiation chamber detection system for integrating low energy type and high energy type, it is characterised in that: in described
It is provided with washer between ionisation chamber collector connector and dead ring, sealing ring, interior electricity are provided between dead ring and the bottom plate
It is fastenedly connected by the first locking nut with dead ring from room collector connector, dead ring is fastened by protection ring and the bottom plate
Connection, dead ring are fastenedly connected by the second locking nut with protection ring.
The above-mentioned γ radiation chamber detection system for integrating low energy type and high energy type, it is characterised in that: the electricity
Pressing follower includes voltage follower LMC7111BIM5, and the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage follower LMC7111BIM5 passes through electricity
Resistance R8 and resistance R9 is connect with the non-inverting input terminal of the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721, the voltage follower
The inverting input terminal of LMC7111BIM5 divides two-way, connect all the way with the output end of the voltage follower LMC7111BIM5, separately
It is connect all the way with controller.
The above-mentioned γ radiation chamber detection system for integrating low energy type and high energy type, it is characterised in that: described quiet
Electricity meter driving circuit includes that high energy type γ radiation chamber detection electrometer driving circuit and the detection zeroing of γ radiation chamber are quiet
Electricity meter driving circuit, the high energy type γ radiation chamber detection electrometer driving circuit include triode Q2, diode U2, resist
The electrostatic coil U4 and tongue tube GHG1 cooperated with antistatic coil U4, the base stage of the triode Q2 is through resistance R2 and controller
Connection, the emitter ground connection of the triode Q2, the collector of the triode Q2 divides two-way, all the way with the anode of diode U2
Connect, another way is connect with one end of antistatic coil U4；The other end of antistatic coil U4 divides two-way, all the way with diode U2
Cathode connect, another way is connect through resistance R4 with+5VCC；Antistatic coil U4 is wrapped with the antistatic shell of ground connection, does
One end of reed pipe GHG1 is connect with the output end YFout of the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721, the other end of tongue tube GHG1
It is connect through high dose rate convert resistance R6 with the inverting input terminal of the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721.
The above-mentioned γ radiation chamber detection system for integrating low energy type and high energy type, it is characterised in that: the γ
Radiation chamber detection zeroing electrometer driving circuit include triode Q1, diode U1, antistatic coil U3 and with it is antistatic
The base stage of the tongue tube GHG2, the triode Q1 of coil U3 cooperation are connect through resistance R1 with controller, the triode Q1's
Emitter ground connection, the collector of the triode Q1 divides two-way, connects all the way with the anode of diode U1, another way with it is antistatic
One end of coil U3 connects；The other end of antistatic coil U3 divides two-way, connects all the way with the cathode of diode U1, another way warp
Resistance R3 is connect with+5VCC；Antistatic coil U3 is wrapped with the antistatic shell of ground connection, one end of tongue tube GHG2 with it is described
The output end YFout connection of electric current precision amplifier LMP7721, the zeroed convert resistance R5 of the other end of tongue tube GHG2 and institute
State the inverting input terminal connection of electric current precision amplifier LMP7721.
The above-mentioned γ radiation chamber detection system for integrating low energy type and high energy type, it is characterised in that: described low
The resistance value of dosage rate convert resistance R7 is greater than the resistance value of high dose rate convert resistance R6, the resistance of the high dose rate convert resistance R6
Value is greater than the resistance value of zeroing convert resistance R5.
The above-mentioned γ radiation chamber detection system for integrating low energy type and high energy type, it is characterised in that: in described
Ionisation chamber cylinder and outer ionisation chamber cylinder are acrylic ionisation chamber cylinder；Outside the interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer, interior ionisation chamber cylinder
Wall conductive layer and outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer are graphite guide electric layer；The metallized film ring with a thickness of 3 μm.
The above-mentioned γ radiation chamber detection system for integrating low energy type and high energy type, it is characterised in that: described outer
The internal diameter of ionisation chamber cylinder is 130mm, a height of 131mm of the outer ionisation chamber cylinder；The internal diameter of the interior ionisation chamber cylinder is 75mm, institute
State a height of 107mm of interior ionisation chamber cylinder.
Meanwhile the invention also discloses a kind of method and steps that simple, design reasonably integrates low energy type and high energy type
γ radiation chamber detection method, it is characterised in that method includes the following steps:
Step 1: the assembly of ionization chamber detector: being arranged ionisation chamber protection cylinder outside ionization chamber detector, protected in ionisation chamber
The ionisation chamber protective cover of the top installation engraved structure of casing, it is that conductive ionisation chamber protects cylinder, the conduction that ionisation chamber, which protects cylinder,
Ionisation chamber protects cylinder ground connection；Washer is set between interior ionisation chamber collector connector and dead ring, dead ring and the bottom plate it
Between sealing ring is set, interior ionisation chamber collector connector is fastenedly connected by the first locking nut with dead ring, and dead ring passes through guarantor
Retaining ring is fastenedly connected with the bottom plate, and dead ring is fastenedly connected by the second locking nut with protection ring；
Step 2: the power supply of ionization chamber detector and the acquisition of γ radiation data: unlatching high-voltage suppling power is interior ionisation chamber
High-pressure stage and the power supply of outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage, the region between interior ionisation chamber cylinder and outer ionisation chamber cylinder form outer ionisation chamber detection
Device, the region in interior ionisation chamber cylinder form interior ionization chamber detector, and low-energyγ-ray passes through ionisation chamber protective cover by metallized film
Ring receives, and energetic gamma rays pass through outer ionization chamber detector and latched by interior ionization chamber detector, interior in outer ionization chamber detector
There are electric fields between ionisation chamber drum outer wall conductive layer and outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer ionizes low-energyγ-ray, is formed
Low energy γ ion pair, low energy γ ion pair enter electrometer circuit by outer ionisation chamber collector；In interior ionization chamber detector
There are electric fields between interior ionisation chamber collector and interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer ionizes energetic gamma rays, forms high energy
γ ion pair, high energy gamma ion pair enter electrometer circuit by interior ionisation chamber collector connector；
Step 3: electrometer circuit returns to zero: controller driving triode Q1 conducting, antistatic coil U3 obtain electric, generation magnetic
, it is closed tongue tube GHG2, the output end YFout of zeroing convert resistance R5 and the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721 connect
Logical, zeroing convert resistance R5 is in parallel with low dose rate convert resistance R7, and resistance value in parallel is less than the resistance of zeroing convert resistance R5
Value, according to formula u=iR5, current controller output voltage u is observed, obtaining current controller output voltage u is approximately 0, wherein R5
For the resistance value for the convert resistance R5 that returns to zero, the resistance value R for the convert resistance R5 that returns to zero5No more than 100k Ω, i is the defeated of ionization chamber detector
Electric current out, unit A, i=α β I, α be volume fraction andV1It is visited for the volume of outer ionization chamber detector and interior ionisation chamber
Survey the sum of the volume of device, unit L, V2=1L；β be dosage rate score andη1It is single for the dosage rate in actual environment
Position is μ Gy/h, η2The ionisation chamber that volume is 1L when for 1 μ Gy/h, I being 1 μ Gy/h of dosage rate under normal pressure and normal temperature produces
Raw saturation current, I ≈ 1.0616 × 10-14A；
Step 4: the measurement of high gamma dose rate: controller controls triode Q1 cut-off, and antistatic coil U3 power loss resists quiet
The magnetic field that electric coil U3 is generated disappears, and tongue tube GHG2 is disconnected, and controller driving triode Q2 conducting, antistatic coil U4 obtains electric
Magnetic field is generated, is closed tongue tube GHG1, the output of high dose rate convert resistance R6 and the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721
YFout connection is held, low dose rate convert resistance R7 is 100 times of high dose rate convert resistance R6, high dose rate convert resistance R6
In parallel with low dose rate convert resistance R7, resistance value in parallel is less than the resistance value of high dose rate convert resistance R6, observes current control
Device output voltage u, u ≈ iR processed6, R6For the resistance value of high dose rate convert resistance R6；
According to current controller output voltage u, the dosage rate in currently practical environment is calculated Meter
Calculate the measurement result that result is high gamma dose rate；
Step 5: judging whether the measurement result of high gamma dose rate is greater than high gamma dose rate threshold value: controller presets high γ
Dosage rate threshold value Δ1, whenCalculated result be greater than high gamma dose rate threshold value Δ1When, execute step 6；Otherwise, circulation step
Rapid four；
Step 6: the measurement of low gamma dose rate: controller controls triode Q2 cut-off, and antistatic coil U4 power loss resists quiet
The magnetic field that electric coil U4 is generated disappears, and tongue tube GHG1 is disconnected, and observes current controller output voltage u, u=iR7, R7It is low dose
The resistance value of dose rate convert resistance R7；
According to current controller output voltage u, the dosage rate in currently practical environment is calculated Meter
Calculate the measurement result that result is low gamma dose rate；
Step 7: judging whether the measurement result of low gamma dose rate is less than low gamma dose rate threshold value: controller presets low γ
Dosage rate threshold value Δ2, whenCalculated result be less than low gamma dose rate threshold value Δ2When, execute step 4；Otherwise, circulation step
Rapid six, wherein Δ2<0.01Δ1。
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, in the enclosed type that the system that uses of the present invention is mounted on bottom plate by coaxial and inside and outside nesting ionisation chamber cylinder and
Outer ionisation chamber cylinder open and that metallized film ring is arranged measures high-energy section gamma-rays and low energy region gamma-rays respectively, complete function,
The interior ionization smeared on the outer wall of the outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer and interior ionisation chamber cylinder smeared on the inner wall of outer ionisation chamber cylinder
Outer ionisation chamber is formed after being powered between the drum outer wall conductive layer of room, low energy region gamma-rays is ionized, while interior ionisation chamber current collection
Ionisation chamber in being formed after being powered between the interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer smeared on the inner wall of pole and interior ionisation chamber cylinder, to high energy
Section gamma-rays is ionized the gamma-ray detection, it can be achieved that wide scope, convenient for promoting the use of.
2, the system that the present invention uses carries out converted measurement to gamma-rays dosage rate by electrometer circuit, utilizes electric current essence
The input impedance height and ionization chamber detector high impedance of close amplifier LMP7721 carries out impedance matching, while accurate using electric current
The small characteristic of amplifier LMP7721 leakage current is acquired amplification to ionization chamber detector output electric current, guarantees ionisation chamber detection
Device output electric current passes through electric current precision amplifier LMP7721 completely, furthermore with the constant-current source of electric current precision amplifier LMP7721
The driving force that characteristic increase is connect with subsequent conditioning circuit；Electric current precision amplifier LMP7721 exports result and is converted to voltage through resistance
After signal, the voltage signal is followed using voltage follower, further increases its driving energy connecting with subsequent conditioning circuit
Power, reliable and stable, using effect is good.
3, the system that the present invention uses can cut high gamma dose rate and low gamma dose rate by electrometer driving circuit
Change measurement；In addition, the resistance value of low dose rate convert resistance R7 is greater than the resistance value of high dose rate convert resistance R6, high dose rate switching
The resistance value of resistance R6 is greater than the resistance value of zeroing convert resistance R5, by reducing the resistance value of zeroing convert resistance R5, realizes ionisation chamber
Detector output signal, without influence, realizes the zeroing work of electrometer circuit to electrometer circuit.
4, the method that the present invention uses, step is simple, by the assembly to ionization chamber detector, opens high-voltage suppling power
It powers for interior ionisation chamber high-pressure stage and outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage, low-energyγ-ray passes through ionisation chamber protective cover and connect by metallized film ring
It receives, energetic gamma rays pass through outer ionization chamber detector and latched by interior ionization chamber detector, the acquisition of γ radiation data are realized, to electrostatic
Circuit zeroing is counted, data is avoided to acquire disorder, by the way that high gamma dose rate threshold value Δ is arranged1With low gamma dose rate threshold value Δ2, pass through
Measurement data result judgement whether handover measurement range, since the output of controller output voltage u is approximately the line of corresponding resistance
Property variation, take Δ2<0.01Δ1, avoid the output of controller output voltage u from falling near switching threshold, cause data acquisition not
Stablize, convenient for promoting the use of.
In conclusion the present invention is novel in design rationally, measured using open and setting metallized film ring outer ionisation chamber cylinder
Low energy region gamma-rays, while high-energy section gamma-rays, complete function are measured using closed interior ionisation chamber cylinder, and pass through electrometer electricity
Road carries out converted measurement to gamma-rays dosage rate, realizes the measurement of high low dose rate, convenient for promoting the use of.
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of ionization chamber detector of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that high energy type γ radiation chamber of the present invention detects electrometer driver circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is γ radiation chamber of the present invention detection zeroing electrometer driver circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of electrometer circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic block circuit diagram of detection system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the method flow block diagram of detection method of the present invention.
Description of symbols:
1-protection ring；2-washers；3-the first locking nut；
4-the second locking nut；5-dead rings；6-sealing rings；
7-ionisation chamber protective covers；8-metallized film rings；9-outer ionisation chamber cylinders；
10-interior ionization chamber caps；11-interior ionisation chamber collectors；
12-interior ionisation chamber collector connectors；13-conductive inserts；
14-outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stages；15-outer ionisation chamber collectors；
16-interior ionisation chamber high-pressure stages；17-ionisation chambers protect cylinder；
18-interior ionisation chamber cylinders；19-interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layers；
20-interior ionisation chamber drum outer wall conductive layers；21-outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layers；
22-ionization chamber detectors；23-high-voltage suppling powers；24-controllers；
25-electrometer driving circuits；26-electrometer circuits.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the γ radiation chamber detection system of the present invention for integrating low energy type and high energy type
System provides the high-voltage suppling power 23 of high voltage power supply including ionization chamber detector 22, for ionization chamber detector 22, visits to ionisation chamber
22 output signal of device is surveyed to carry out the electrometer circuit 26 of voltage conversion and drive electrometer circuit 26 and acquire electrometer circuit 26
The controller 24 of output signal, controller 24 drive electrometer circuit 26 by electrometer driving circuit 25；The ionisation chamber is visited
Surveying device 22 includes that bottom plate and coaxial and inside and outside nesting are mounted on interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18 and outer ionisation chamber cylinder 9 on the bottom plate,
Outer ionisation chamber cylinder 9 is provided with far from one end of the bottom plate for measuring the gamma-ray metallized film ring 8 of low energy region, outer ionisation chamber
Outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer 21 is coated on the inner wall of cylinder 9, the one end of interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18 far from the bottom plate passes through interior
It ionizes chamber cap 10 to seal, is coated with interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer 19, interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18 on the inner wall of interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18
Outer wall on be coated with interior ionisation chamber drum outer wall conductive layer 20, the bottom plate is located at the regional center position in interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18
Place is equipped with the interior ionisation chamber collector connector 12 for stretching out interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18, and interior ionisation chamber collector connector 12 is located at interior ionization
One end in room cylinder 18 is equipped with interior ionisation chamber collector 11, is equipped on the region that the bottom plate is located in interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18
The interior ionisation chamber high-pressure stage 16 being connected to interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer 19, the bottom plate are located at interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18 and dispatch from foreign news agency
From room cylinder 9 between region on outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage 14 and outer ionisation chamber collector 15, outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage 14 are installed
It is connected to outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer 21, outer ionisation chamber collector 15 is led by conductive insert 13 and interior ionisation chamber drum outer wall
Electric layer 20 is connected to, and interior ionisation chamber collector connector 12 is equipped with far from one end of interior ionisation chamber collector 11 to be cooperated with the bottom plate
Dead ring 5；
Electrometer circuit 26 includes electric current precision amplifier LMP7721 and voltage follower, the electric current precision amplifier
The inverting input terminal of LMP7721 is all connected with interior ionisation chamber collector connector 12 and outer ionisation chamber collector 15, the electric current essence
The non-inverting input terminal of close amplifier LMP7721 point three tunnels, all the way with the output end of the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721
YFout connection, another way connect through the inverting input terminal of the low dose rate convert resistance R7 and electric current precision amplifier LMP7721
It connects, third road is connect with the voltage follower, and interior ionisation chamber high-pressure stage 16 and outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage 14 are and high voltage supply
Power supply 23 connects.
It should be noted that ionization chamber detector 22 is mounted on electricity in the enclosed type on bottom plate by coaxial and inside and outside nesting
From room cylinder 18 and outer ionisation chamber cylinder 9 open and that metallized film ring 8 is arranged measures high-energy section gamma-rays respectively and low energy region γ is penetrated
Line, complete function, the outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer 21 smeared on the inner wall of outer ionisation chamber cylinder 9 and interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18 it is outer
Outer ionisation chamber is formed after being powered between the interior ionisation chamber drum outer wall conductive layer 20 smeared on wall, and electricity is carried out to low energy region gamma-rays
From, while between the interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer 19 smeared on the inner wall of interior ionisation chamber collector 11 and interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18
Ionisation chamber in being formed after energization, the gamma-ray detection, it can be achieved that wide scope is ionized to high-energy section gamma-rays；By outside
Outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer 21 is smeared on the inner wall of ionisation chamber cylinder 9, utilizes outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage 14 and outer ionisation chamber cylinder
Inner wall conductive layer 21 is connected to, and reduces outer ionization building volume, meanwhile, outside the interior ionisation chamber cylinder smeared on the outer wall of interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18
Wall conductive layer 20, the interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer 19 smeared on the inner wall of interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18, interior ionisation chamber high-pressure stage 16
Be connected to interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer 19, reduce in ionize building volume, interior ionisation chamber collector connector 12 is far from interior ionization
The dead ring 5 of one end installation and bottom plate cooperation of room collector 11, effectively latch charged particle, increase ionization chamber detector
22 impedance；Converted measurement is carried out to gamma-rays dosage rate by electrometer circuit 26, utilizes electric current precision amplifier LMP7721
Input impedance height and 22 high impedance of ionization chamber detector carry out impedance matching, while utilize electric current precision amplifier LMP7721
The small characteristic of leakage current is acquired amplification to ionization chamber detector output electric current, guarantees that ionization chamber detector output electric current is complete
By electric current precision amplifier LMP7721, furthermore with the constant-current source characteristic of electric current precision amplifier LMP7721 increase with it is subsequent
The driving force of circuit connection；Electric current precision amplifier LMP7721 exports result after resistance is converted to voltage signal, utilizes voltage
Follower follows the voltage signal, further increases its driving capability connecting with subsequent conditioning circuit, reliable and stable, uses
Effect is good.
In actual use, since the electric current that ionization chamber detector 22 exports is possible to minimum, in order to guarantee to collect
The minimum current signal that ionization chamber detector 22 exports, low dose rate convert resistance R7 choose the sufficiently large design that is just able to satisfy and need
It asks, in the present embodiment, preferred low dose rate convert resistance R7 uses the resistance of 1T.
In the present embodiment, ionisation chamber protection cylinder 17 is arranged with outside the ionization chamber detector 22, ionisation chamber protects cylinder 17
Top is equipped with ionisation chamber protective cover 7, and the ionisation chamber protective cover 7 is engraved structure, and the ionisation chamber protection cylinder 17 is conduction
Ionisation chamber protects cylinder, the conduction ionisation chamber protection cylinder ground connection；It is that aluminum ionisation chamber protects cylinder, ionisation chamber that ionisation chamber, which protects cylinder 17,
Protective cover 7 is aluminum ionisation chamber protective cover.
It should be noted that being arranged ionisation chamber protection cylinder 17 outside ionization chamber detector 22, and ionisation chamber protection cylinder 17 uses
Aluminum ionisation chamber protection cylinder is the protective effect in order to play some strength to ionization chamber detector 22, avoids ionization chamber detector
22 by environment interference, ionisation chamber protect cylinder 17 top installation ionisation chamber protective cover 7 be aluminum hollow out ionisation chamber protect
Cover guarantees that low-energyγ-ray and energetic gamma rays pass through, unobstructed limitation.
In the present embodiment, be provided with washer 2 between the interior ionisation chamber collector connector 12 and dead ring 5, dead ring 5 with
Sealing ring 6 is provided between the bottom plate, interior ionisation chamber collector connector 12 is fastened by the first locking nut 3 with dead ring 5
Connection, dead ring 5 are fastenedly connected by protection ring 1 and the bottom plate, and dead ring 5 is tight by the second locking nut 4 and protection ring 1
It is solidly connected.
It should be noted that the purpose that washer 2 is arranged between interior ionisation chamber collector connector 12 and dead ring 5 is in guarantee
Sealing ring 6 is arranged in good airproof performance between ionisation chamber collector connector 12 and dead ring 5 between dead ring 5 and the bottom plate
Purpose is the good airproof performance guaranteed between dead ring 5 and the bottom plate, and ionisation chamber collection in fastening is squeezed using the first locking nut 3
Connection between electrode contact 12 and dead ring 5 is squeezed between fastening dead ring 5 and the bottom plate using the second locking nut 4
Connection.
In the present embodiment, the voltage follower includes voltage follower LMC7111BIM5, the voltage follower
The non-inverting input terminal of LMC7111BIM5 is same mutually defeated by the resistance R8 and resistance R9 and electric current precision amplifier LMP7721's
Enter end connection, the inverting input terminal of the voltage follower LMC7111BIM5 divides two-way, all the way with the voltage follower
The output end of LMC7111BIM5 connects, and another way is connect with controller 24.
It should be noted that voltage follower is using voltage follower LMC7111BIM5 to electric current precision amplifier
The voltage signal of LMP7721 output is followed, and burning voltage signal further increases its driving energy connecting with subsequent conditioning circuit
Power, using effect are good.
In the present embodiment, the electrometer driving circuit 25 includes high energy type γ radiation chamber detection electrometer driving electricity
Road and γ radiation chamber detection zeroing electrometer driving circuit, the high energy type γ radiation chamber detection electrometer driving electricity
Road includes triode Q2, diode U2, antistatic coil U4 and the tongue tube GHG1 with antistatic coil U4 cooperation, three pole
The base stage of pipe Q2 is connect through resistance R2 with controller 24, the emitter ground connection of the triode Q2, the current collection of the triode Q2
Two-way is divided in pole, connects all the way with the anode of diode U2, and another way is connect with one end of antistatic coil U4；Antistatic coil U4
The other end divide two-way, connect all the way with the cathode of diode U2, another way is connect through resistance R4 with+5VCC；Antistatic coil
U4 is wrapped with the antistatic shell of ground connection, the output of one end of tongue tube GHG1 and the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721
YFout connection is held, the other end of tongue tube GHG1 is through high dose rate convert resistance R6 and the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721
Inverting input terminal connection.
In the present embodiment, the γ radiation chamber detection zeroing electrometer driving circuit includes triode Q1, diode
U1, antistatic coil U3 and with antistatic coil U3 cooperation tongue tube GHG2, the triode Q1 base stage through resistance R1 with
Controller 24 connects, and the emitter of triode Q1 ground connection, the collector of the triode Q1 divides two-way, all the way with diode
The anode of U1 connects, and another way is connect with one end of antistatic coil U3；The other end of antistatic coil U3 divides two-way, all the way with
The cathode of diode U1 connects, and another way is connect through resistance R3 with+5VCC；Antistatic coil U3 is wrapped with the antistatic of ground connection
Shell, one end of tongue tube GHG2 are connect with the output end YFout of the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721, tongue tube GHG2
The zeroed convert resistance R5 of the other end connect with the inverting input terminal of the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721.
It should be noted that the output end YFout of electric current precision amplifier LMP7721 is directly connected to low dose rate switching electricity
Resistance R7 is reduced by way of for low dose rate convert resistance R7 parallel resistance since low dose rate convert resistance R7 is sufficiently large
The resistance value of feedback resistance, without switching over, simplified control provides safety, and electrometer driving circuit 25 includes high energy type γ
Radiation chamber detects electrometer driving circuit and γ radiation chamber detection zeroing electrometer driving circuit, utilizes manual winding
The mode of coil makes antistatic coil U4 and antistatic coil U3, and antistatic coil U4 and antistatic coil U3 are done resist it is quiet
The switching of range gear, antistatic coil U3 and tongue tube are realized in electric treatment, antistatic coil U4 and tongue tube GHG1 cooperation
The zeroing of electrometer circuit is realized in GHG2 cooperation, avoids switching over using existing relay, the starting of existing relay and
There is electrostatic in jump, for gamma radiation monitoring, there are security risks.
In the present embodiment, the resistance value of the low dose rate convert resistance R7 is greater than the resistance value of high dose rate convert resistance R6,
The resistance value of the high dose rate convert resistance R6 is greater than the resistance value of zeroing convert resistance R5.
It should be noted that switching over measurement to high gamma dose rate and low gamma dose rate by electrometer driving circuit；
In addition, the resistance value of low dose rate convert resistance R7 is greater than the resistance value of high dose rate convert resistance R6, high dose rate convert resistance R6
Resistance value be greater than zeroing convert resistance R5 resistance value, pass through reduce zeroing convert resistance R5 resistance value, realize ionization chamber detector
Output signal, without influence, realizes the zeroing work of electrometer circuit to electrometer circuit.
In the present embodiment, the interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18 and outer ionisation chamber cylinder 9 are acrylic ionisation chamber cylinder；The interior ionization
Room cylinder inner wall conductive layer 19, interior ionisation chamber drum outer wall conductive layer 20 and outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer 21 are graphite
Layer；The metallized film ring 8 with a thickness of 3 μm.
It should be noted that the purpose that interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18 and outer ionisation chamber cylinder 9 are all made of acrylic ionisation chamber cylinder is sub-
The material of gram force ionisation chamber cylinder realizes the quantitative measurment that γ detects human body radiation, interior ionisation chamber cylinder close to tissue element
Inner wall conductive layer 19, interior ionisation chamber drum outer wall conductive layer 20 and outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer 21 are graphite guide electric layer, stone
Black ingredient is mainly carbon and protium, is equally approached with tissue element, has referential, avoids using metallic conduction
Layer causes ionisation chamber energy response uneven；Metallized film ring 8 is used to measure low energy region gamma-rays with a thickness of 3 μm, meets electricity
There is the energy response of relatively flat in 10keV~100keV from room.
In the present embodiment, the internal diameter of the outer ionisation chamber cylinder 9 is 130mm, a height of 131mm of the outer ionisation chamber cylinder 9；Institute
The internal diameter for stating interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18 is 75mm, a height of 107mm of the interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18.
A kind of γ radiation chamber detection method integrating low energy type and high energy type as shown in FIG. 6, including it is following
Step:
Step 1: the assembly of ionization chamber detector: being arranged ionisation chamber protection cylinder 17 outside ionization chamber detector 22, ionizing
The ionisation chamber protective cover 7 of the top installation engraved structure of cylinder 17 is protected in room, and it is that conductive ionisation chamber protects cylinder that ionisation chamber, which protects cylinder 17,
The conduction ionisation chamber protection cylinder ground connection；Washer 2, dead ring 5 are set between interior ionisation chamber collector connector 12 and dead ring 5
Sealing ring 6 is set between the bottom plate, and interior ionisation chamber collector connector 12 is fastened by the first locking nut 3 with dead ring 5
Connection, dead ring 5 are fastenedly connected by protection ring 1 and the bottom plate, and dead ring 5 is tight by the second locking nut 4 and protection ring 1
It is solidly connected；
Step 2: the power supply of ionization chamber detector and the acquisition of γ radiation data: unlatching high-voltage suppling power 23 is interior ionization
Room high-pressure stage 16 and the power supply of outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage 14, the region between interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18 and outer ionisation chamber cylinder 9 form dispatch from foreign news agency
From room detector, the region in interior ionisation chamber cylinder 18 forms interior ionization chamber detector, and low-energyγ-ray passes through ionisation chamber protective cover 7
It is received by metallized film ring 8, energetic gamma rays pass through outer ionization chamber detector and latched by interior ionization chamber detector, and outer ionisation chamber is visited
There are electric fields between the interior ionisation chamber drum outer wall conductive layer 20 and outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer 21 surveyed in device penetrates low energy γ
Line is ionized, and low energy γ ion pair is formed, and low energy γ ion pair enters electrometer circuit 26 by outer ionisation chamber collector 15；
There are electric fields to high energy between interior ionisation chamber collector 11 and interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer 19 in interior ionization chamber detector
Gamma-rays is ionized, and high energy gamma ion pair is formed, and high energy gamma ion pair enters electrostatic by interior ionisation chamber collector connector 12
Count circuit 26；
Step 3: electrometer circuit returns to zero: 24 driving triode Q1 of controller conducting, antistatic coil U3 obtain electric, generation
Magnetic field is closed tongue tube GHG2, the output end YFout of return to zero convert resistance R5 and the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721
Connection, zeroing convert resistance R5 is in parallel with low dose rate convert resistance R7, and resistance value in parallel is less than the electricity of zeroing convert resistance R5
Resistance value, according to formula u=iR5, 24 output voltage u of current controller is observed, obtaining 24 output voltage u of current controller is approximately 0,
Wherein, R5For the resistance value for the convert resistance R5 that returns to zero, the resistance value R for the convert resistance R5 that returns to zero5It is ionisation chamber detection no more than 100k Ω, i
The output electric current of device 22, unit A, i=α β I, α be volume fraction andV1For outer ionization chamber detector volume with it is interior
The sum of volume of ionization chamber detector, unit L, V2=1L；β be dosage rate score andη1For the agent in actual environment
Dose rate, unit are μ Gy/h, η2The electricity that volume is 1L when for 1 μ Gy/h, I being 1 μ Gy/h of dosage rate under normal pressure and normal temperature
From the saturation current that room generates, I ≈ 1.0616 × 10-14A；
Step 4: the measurement of high gamma dose rate: controller 24 controls triode Q1 cut-off, and antistatic coil U3 power loss resists
The magnetic field that electrostatic coil U3 is generated disappears, and tongue tube GHG2 is disconnected, 24 driving triode Q2 of controller conducting, antistatic coil U4
Electric generation magnetic field is obtained, tongue tube GHG1 is closed, the high dose rate convert resistance R6 and electric current precision amplifier LMP7721's
Output end YFout connection, low dose rate convert resistance R7 are 100 times of high dose rate convert resistance R6, high dose rate switching electricity
Resistance R6 is in parallel with low dose rate convert resistance R7, and resistance value in parallel is less than the resistance value of high dose rate convert resistance R6, and observation is worked as
Preceding 24 output voltage u, u ≈ iR of controller6, R6For the resistance value of high dose rate convert resistance R6；
According to 24 output voltage u of current controller, the dosage rate in currently practical environment is calculated 's
Calculated result is the measurement result of high gamma dose rate；
Step 5: judging whether the measurement result of high gamma dose rate is greater than high gamma dose rate threshold value: the default height of controller 24
Gamma dose rate threshold value Δ1, whenCalculated result be greater than high gamma dose rate threshold value Δ1When, execute step 6；Otherwise, it recycles
Step 4；
Step 6: the measurement of low gamma dose rate: controller 24 controls triode Q2 cut-off, and antistatic coil U4 power loss resists
The magnetic field that electrostatic coil U4 is generated disappears, and tongue tube GHG1 is disconnected, and observes current controller 24 output voltage u, u=iR7, R7For
The resistance value of low dose rate convert resistance R7；
According to 24 output voltage u of current controller, the dosage rate in currently practical environment is calculated Meter
Calculate the measurement result that result is low gamma dose rate；
Step 7: judging whether the measurement result of low gamma dose rate is less than low gamma dose rate threshold value: controller 24 is preset low
Gamma dose rate threshold value Δ2, whenCalculated result be less than low gamma dose rate threshold value Δ2When, execute step 4；Otherwise, it recycles
Step 6, wherein Δ2<0.01Δ1。
For the present invention in use, by the assembly to ionization chamber detector, unlatching high-voltage suppling power is interior ionisation chamber high pressure
Pole and the power supply of outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage, low-energyγ-ray pass through ionisation chamber protective cover and are received by metallized film ring, energetic gamma rays
It is latched across outer ionization chamber detector by interior ionization chamber detector, realizes the acquisition of γ radiation data, return to zero, keep away to electrometer circuit
Exempt from data acquisition disorder, by the way that high gamma dose rate threshold value Δ is arranged1With low gamma dose rate threshold value Δ2, sentenced by measurement data result
It is fixed that whether handover measurement range since the output of controller output voltage u is approximately the linear change of corresponding resistance takes Δ2<
0.01Δ1, avoid the output of controller output voltage u from falling near switching threshold, data acquisition caused to jump, is unstable.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention in any way, it is all according to the present invention
Technical spirit any simple modification to the above embodiments, change and equivalent structural changes, still fall within skill of the present invention
In the protection scope of art scheme.
Claims (10)
1. integrating the γ radiation chamber detection system of low energy type and high energy type, it is characterised in that: detected including ionisation chamber
Device (22) provides the high-voltage suppling power (23), defeated to ionization chamber detector (22) of high voltage power supply for ionization chamber detector (22)
Signal carries out the electrometer circuit (26) of voltage conversion and drives electrometer circuit (26) and to acquire electrometer circuit (26) defeated out
The controller (24) of signal out, controller (24) pass through electrometer driving circuit (25) driving electrometer circuit (26)；The electricity
It from room detector (22) include bottom plate and coaxial and inside and outside nesting is mounted on interior ionisation chamber cylinder (18) on the bottom plate and outer
Ionisation chamber cylinder (9), outer ionisation chamber cylinder (9) far from the bottom plate one end be provided with for measure low energy region it is gamma-ray aluminize it is thin
Film ring (8), outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer (21) is coated on the inner wall of outer ionisation chamber cylinder (9), and interior ionisation chamber cylinder (18) is remote
One end from the bottom plate is sealed by interior ionization chamber cap (10), is coated with interior ionisation chamber cylinder on the inner wall of interior ionisation chamber cylinder (18)
Inner wall conductive layer (19) is coated with interior ionisation chamber drum outer wall conductive layer (20), the bottom plate on the outer wall of interior ionisation chamber cylinder (18)
The interior ionisation chamber collector of ionisation chamber cylinder (18) in stretching out is installed at the regional center position in interior ionisation chamber cylinder (18)
Connector (12), one end that interior ionisation chamber collector connector (12) is located in interior ionisation chamber cylinder (18) are equipped with interior ionisation chamber collector
(11), it is equipped on the region that the bottom plate is located in interior ionisation chamber cylinder (18) and is connected to interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer (19)
Interior ionisation chamber high-pressure stage (16), the bottom plate pacifies on the region between interior ionisation chamber cylinder (18) and outer ionisation chamber cylinder (9)
Equipped with outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage (14) and outer ionisation chamber collector (15), outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage (14) and outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall
Conductive layer (21) connection, outer ionisation chamber collector (15) are connected by conductive insert (13) and interior ionisation chamber drum outer wall conductive layer (20)
Logical, interior ionisation chamber collector connector (12) is equipped with exhausted with bottom plate cooperation far from one end of interior ionisation chamber collector (11)
Edge ring (5)；
Electrometer circuit (26) includes electric current precision amplifier LMP7721 and voltage follower, the electric current precision amplifier
The inverting input terminal of LMP7721 is all connected with interior ionisation chamber collector connector (12) and outer ionisation chamber collector (15), the electricity
Flow non-inverting input terminal point three tunnels of precision amplifier LMP7721, all the way with the output end of the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721
YFout connection, another way connect through the inverting input terminal of the low dose rate convert resistance R7 and electric current precision amplifier LMP7721
It connects, third road is connect with the voltage follower, and interior ionisation chamber high-pressure stage (16) and outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage (14) are and high pressure
Power supply (23) connection.
2. the γ radiation chamber detection system described in accordance with the claim 1 for integrating low energy type and high energy type, feature
It is: is arranged with ionisation chamber protection cylinder (17) outside the ionization chamber detector (22), ionisation chamber protects the top installation of cylinder (17)
Have ionisation chamber protective cover (7), the ionisation chamber protective cover (7) is engraved structure, and ionisation chamber protection cylinder (17) is conductive electricity
Cylinder, the conduction ionisation chamber protection cylinder ground connection are protected from room；It is that aluminum ionisation chamber protects cylinder, ionisation chamber that ionisation chamber, which protects cylinder (17),
Protective cover (7) is aluminum ionisation chamber protective cover.
3. the γ radiation chamber detection system described in accordance with the claim 1 for integrating low energy type and high energy type, feature
It is: is provided with washer (2) between the interior ionisation chamber collector connector (12) and dead ring (5), dead ring (5) and the bottom
It is provided between plate sealing ring (6), interior ionisation chamber collector connector (12) is tight by the first locking nut (3) and dead ring (5)
It is solidly connected, dead ring (5) is fastenedly connected by protection ring (1) with the bottom plate, and dead ring (5) passes through the second locking nut (4)
It is fastenedly connected with protection ring (1).
4. the γ radiation chamber detection system described in accordance with the claim 1 for integrating low energy type and high energy type, feature
Be: the voltage follower includes voltage follower LMC7111BIM5, the same phase of the voltage follower LMC7111BIM5
Input terminal is connect by resistance R8 and resistance R9 with the non-inverting input terminal of the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721, the voltage
The inverting input terminal of follower LMC7111BIM5 divides two-way, connects all the way with the output end of the voltage follower LMC7111BIM5
It connects, another way is connect with controller (24).
5. the γ radiation chamber detection system described in accordance with the claim 1 for integrating low energy type and high energy type, feature
Be: the electrometer driving circuit (25) includes high energy type γ radiation chamber detection electrometer driving circuit and γ radiation electric
Zeroing electrometer driving circuit is detected from room, the high energy type γ radiation chamber detection electrometer driving circuit includes triode
Q2, diode U2, antistatic coil U4 and the base stage warp with the tongue tube GHG1, the triode Q2 of antistatic coil U4 cooperation
Resistance R2 is connect with controller (24), the emitter of triode Q2 ground connection, and the collector of the triode Q2 divides two-way, and one
Road connects with the anode of diode U2, and another way is connect with one end of antistatic coil U4；The other end of antistatic coil U4 point
Two-way connects with the cathode of diode U2 all the way, and another way is connect through resistance R4 with+5VCC；Antistatic coil U4 is wrapped with
The output end YFout of the antistatic shell of ground connection, one end of tongue tube GHG1 and the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721 connect
It connects, the other end of tongue tube GHG1 is defeated through high dose rate convert resistance R6 and the reverse phase of the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721
Enter end connection.
6. integrating the γ radiation chamber detection system of low energy type and high energy type, feature according to claim 5
Be: the γ radiation chamber detection zeroing electrometer driving circuit includes triode Q1, diode U1, antistatic coil U3
It is connect through resistance R1 with controller (24) with the base stage of the tongue tube GHG2, the triode Q1 that cooperate with antistatic coil U3,
The emitter of the triode Q1 is grounded, and the collector of the triode Q1 divides two-way, connects all the way with the anode of diode U1,
Another way is connect with one end of antistatic coil U3；The other end of antistatic coil U3 divides two-way, all the way with the yin of diode U1
Pole connects, and another way is connect through resistance R3 with+5VCC；Antistatic coil U3 is wrapped with the antistatic shell of ground connection, tongue tube
One end of GHG2 is connect with the output end YFout of the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721, and the other end of tongue tube GHG2 is through adjusting
Zero convert resistance R5 is connect with the inverting input terminal of the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721.
7. integrating the γ radiation chamber detection system of low energy type and high energy type, feature according to claim 6
Be: the resistance value of the low dose rate convert resistance R7 is greater than the resistance value of high dose rate convert resistance R6, and the high dose rate is cut
The resistance value for changing resistance R6 is greater than the resistance value of zeroing convert resistance R5.
8. the γ radiation chamber detection system described in accordance with the claim 1 for integrating low energy type and high energy type, feature
Be: the interior ionisation chamber cylinder (18) and outer ionisation chamber cylinder (9) are acrylic ionisation chamber cylinder；The interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall is led
Electric layer (19), interior ionisation chamber drum outer wall conductive layer (20) and outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer (21) are graphite guide electric layer；Institute
State metallized film ring (8) with a thickness of 3 μm.
9. the γ radiation chamber detection system described in accordance with the claim 1 for integrating low energy type and high energy type, feature
Be: the internal diameter of the outer ionisation chamber cylinder (9) is 130mm, a height of 131mm of the outer ionisation chamber cylinder (9)；The interior ionisation chamber
The internal diameter of cylinder (18) is 75mm, a height of 107mm of the interior ionisation chamber cylinder (18).
10. a kind of method for carrying out the detection of γ radiation chamber using system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: the party
Method the following steps are included:
Step 1: the assembly of ionization chamber detector: being arranged ionisation chamber protection cylinder (17) outside ionization chamber detector (22), ionizing
The ionisation chamber protective cover (7) of the top installation engraved structure of cylinder (17) is protected in room, and it is conductive ionisation chamber that ionisation chamber, which protects cylinder (17),
Protect cylinder, the conduction ionisation chamber protection cylinder ground connection；Pad is set between interior ionisation chamber collector connector (12) and dead ring (5)
It encloses (2), sealing ring (6) is set between dead ring (5) and the bottom plate, interior ionisation chamber collector connector (12) passes through the first locking
Nut (3) is fastenedly connected with dead ring (5), and dead ring (5) is fastenedly connected by protection ring (1) with the bottom plate, dead ring (5)
It is fastenedly connected by the second locking nut (4) and protection ring (1)；
Step 2: the power supply of ionization chamber detector and the acquisition of γ radiation data: opening high-voltage suppling power (23) is interior ionisation chamber
High-pressure stage (16) and outer ionisation chamber high-pressure stage (14) power supply, the region shape between interior ionisation chamber cylinder (18) and outer ionisation chamber cylinder (9)
At outer ionization chamber detector, the region in interior ionisation chamber cylinder (18) forms interior ionization chamber detector, and low-energyγ-ray passes through ionization
Room protective cover (7) is received by metallized film ring (8), and energetic gamma rays pass through outer ionization chamber detector and locked by interior ionization chamber detector
It deposits, is deposited between the interior ionisation chamber drum outer wall conductive layer (20) and outer ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall conductive layer (21) in outer ionization chamber detector
Low-energyγ-ray is ionized in electric field, forms low energy γ ion pair, low energy γ ion pair passes through outer ionisation chamber collector
(15) enter electrometer circuit (26)；Interior ionisation chamber collector (11) and interior ionisation chamber cylinder inner wall in interior ionization chamber detector are led
There are electric fields between electric layer (19) ionizes energetic gamma rays, forms high energy gamma ion pair, and high energy gamma ion pair passes through interior
Ionisation chamber collector connector (12) enters electrometer circuit (26)；
Step 3: electrometer circuit returns to zero: controller (24) driving triode Q1 conducting, antistatic coil U3 obtain electric, generation magnetic
, it is closed tongue tube GHG2, the output end YFout of zeroing convert resistance R5 and the electric current precision amplifier LMP7721 connect
Logical, zeroing convert resistance R5 is in parallel with low dose rate convert resistance R7, and resistance value in parallel is less than the resistance of zeroing convert resistance R5
Value, according to formula u=iR5, current controller (24) output voltage u is observed, obtaining current controller (24) output voltage u is approximately
0, wherein R5For the resistance value for the convert resistance R5 that returns to zero, the resistance value R for the convert resistance R5 that returns to zero5It is ionisation chamber spy no more than 100k Ω, i
Survey the output electric current of device (22), unit A, i=α β I, α be volume fraction andV1For the appearance of outer ionization chamber detector
Long-pending the sum of the volume with interior ionization chamber detector, unit L, V2=1L；β be dosage rate score andη1For actual rings
Dosage rate in border, unit are μ Gy/h, η2For 1 μ Gy/h, volume when I is 1 μ Gy/h of dosage rate under normal pressure and normal temperature
For the saturation current that the ionisation chamber of 1L generates, I ≈ 1.0616 × 10-14A；
Step 4: the measurement of high gamma dose rate: controller (24) controls triode Q1 cut-off, and antistatic coil U3 power loss resists quiet
The magnetic field that electric coil U3 is generated disappears, and tongue tube GHG2 is disconnected, controller (24) driving triode Q2 conducting, antistatic coil U4
Electric generation magnetic field is obtained, tongue tube GHG1 is closed, the high dose rate convert resistance R6 and electric current precision amplifier LMP7721's
Output end YFout connection, low dose rate convert resistance R7 are 100 times of high dose rate convert resistance R6, high dose rate switching electricity
Resistance R6 is in parallel with low dose rate convert resistance R7, and resistance value in parallel is less than the resistance value of high dose rate convert resistance R6, and observation is worked as
Preceding controller (24) output voltage u, u ≈ iR6, R6For the resistance value of high dose rate convert resistance R6；
According to current controller (24) output voltage u, the dosage rate in currently practical environment is calculated Meter
Calculate the measurement result that result is high gamma dose rate；
Step 5: judging whether the measurement result of high gamma dose rate is greater than high gamma dose rate threshold value: controller (24) presets high γ
Dosage rate threshold value Δ1, whenCalculated result be greater than high gamma dose rate threshold value Δ1When, execute step 6；Otherwise, circulation step
Rapid four；
Step 6: the measurement of low gamma dose rate: controller (24) controls triode Q2 cut-off, and antistatic coil U4 power loss resists quiet
The magnetic field that electric coil U4 is generated disappears, and tongue tube GHG1 is disconnected, and observes current controller (24) output voltage u, u=iR7, R7For
The resistance value of low dose rate convert resistance R7；
According to current controller (24) output voltage u, the dosage rate in currently practical environment is calculated Calculating
It as a result is the measurement result of low gamma dose rate；
Step 7: judging whether the measurement result of low gamma dose rate is less than low gamma dose rate threshold value: controller (24) presets low γ
Dosage rate threshold value Δ2, whenCalculated result be less than low gamma dose rate threshold value Δ2When, execute step 4；Otherwise, circulation step
Rapid six, wherein Δ2<0.01Δ1。
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| CN113238274A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-10 | 西安中核核仪器有限公司 | Wide-range coaxial through-wall double-ionization-chamber area gamma radiation detection method |
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| CN113238274B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-01-07 | 西安中核核仪器股份有限公司 | Wide-range coaxial through-wall double-ionization-chamber area gamma radiation detection method |
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