CN109489494B - Method for preparing bright beads by gel in-situ forming - Google Patents
Method for preparing bright beads by gel in-situ forming Download PDFInfo
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- CN109489494B CN109489494B CN201811322674.8A CN201811322674A CN109489494B CN 109489494 B CN109489494 B CN 109489494B CN 201811322674 A CN201811322674 A CN 201811322674A CN 109489494 B CN109489494 B CN 109489494B
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- black powder
- powder
- bright beads
- curing
- bright
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- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- CQIOFKRONDXZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylideneprop-2-enamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N=C CQIOFKRONDXZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 MBAM Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241000207961 Sesamum Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010952 in-situ formation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B4/00—Fireworks, i.e. pyrotechnic devices for amusement, display, illumination or signal purposes
- F42B4/30—Manufacture
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing bright beads by gel in-situ forming, which comprises the steps of taking distilled water as a solvent, sequentially adding acrylamide, N-methylene acrylamide, ammonium persulfate and tetramethylethylenediamine, and uniformly stirring to obtain a premixed solution; putting the black powder dry powder into a sesame seed cake, adding a certain amount of premixed liquid, and mixing under the condition of antistatic slow stirring to obtain an infiltrated mixture; and (3) quickly filling the soaked mixture into a mould, curing at room temperature, demoulding after curing, drying to obtain bright beads, and further optimizing the raw material formula. The preparation method can prepare the bright beads with different shapes according to the needs, has short curing time, does not need larger pressure, and is safe to prepare, and the prepared bright beads have the advantages of high density and high strength.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a preparation method of bright beads for fireworks and crackers, in particular to a method for preparing bright beads by gel in-situ forming.
Background
The bright bead is used for achieving a specific setting-off effect in the field of fireworks and crackers, and is prepared by granulating black powder by using a binder to form a bead shape. In view of safety, the bright beads are usually rotated on a rotary disc through black powder dry powder, the dry powder has certain viscosity by adding a binder liquid, the rolling is larger in the rotation of the disc, and qualified bright beads are obtained by arranging a particle size screening device. However, the method can only prepare round bright beads, the preparation time is long, and the potential safety hazard still exists due to friction between dry powders. In order to obtain bright beads with more shapes, wet black powder dry powder is pressed in the prior art, and due to the existence of larger pressure, certain potential safety hazard exists.
Gel casting is a mature ceramic forming technology, in which a monomer capable of polymerizing into gel is mixed with ceramic powder, and the monomer is initiated by an initiator to polymerize in situ to form gel, so that the ceramic powder is formed. The method can prepare ceramic materials with complex shapes and uniform components, and does not need large pressure. Liuzhongyu (a journal of chemical engineering, volume 32, phase 6) and the like (refer to chemical engineering, 32 th and 6 th) take the technical reference that acrylamide is filled between energy-containing solid particles to prepare the gel explosive, but the used energy-containing solid particles are formed gunpowder, are not original black powder, have larger gaps between the energy-containing solid particles, can adopt a filling mode, and aim to bond the energy-containing solid particles in a cartridge instead of forming, so the effect of a bonded forming substance is not considered.
Disclosure of Invention
This application provides a method for utilizing gel in situ forming to prepare bright pearl on above-mentioned prior art basis, and it can prepare different shapes and does not need great pressure as required, and curing time is short, preparation safety, and bright pearl has the advantage that density is high, intensity is big moreover, and concrete scheme is as follows:
(1) preparing a premix liquid: taking distilled water as a solvent, sequentially adding Acrylamide (AM), N-methylene acrylamide (MBAM), Ammonium Persulfate (APS) and Tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED), and uniformly stirring to obtain a premixed solution;
(2) mixing the premixed solution with the black powder: putting the black powder dry powder into a beaker, adding a certain amount of premixed liquid, and mixing for 30-60s under the condition of antistatic slow stirring to obtain an infiltrated mixture;
(3) in-situ forming: quickly filling the soaked mixture into a mold, curing at room temperature, demolding after curing, and drying at 30-50 ℃ for 24-72h to obtain bright beads;
wherein the mass ratio of AM, MBAM, APS, TEMED and the black powder is 5:0.3 (0.5-0.7) to 100, and the ratio of distilled water to the black powder is 52-64 mL: 100 g.
Preferably, in the step (1), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is added into the premixed solution, and the mass ratio of the PVP to the black powder dry powder is 0.1-0.2: 100.
Preferably, in the step (2), after the black powder is placed in a beaker, adding Al powder into the beaker, and then adding the premixed liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the Al powder to the black powder is 1-3: 100.
The beneficial effect of this application:
(1) the bright beads are prepared by using a gel in-situ forming method, the method is used for in-situ forming in a black powder infiltration state, the safety is improved, and different shapes can be prepared according to requirements without using large pressure.
(2) The formula of the monomer, the cross-linking agent, the initiator, the catalyst and the dry powder is optimized, the curing time is short, the density of the prepared product is high, the strength is high, and the preparation method is suitable for large-scale production.
(3) Through screening, PVP is found to further shorten the curing time and further improve the production efficiency.
(4) The introduction of the Al powder enriches the types and functions of the bright beads and provides reference for the introduction of other solid additives.
Detailed Description
This application is by reference to the mature gel casting technique in ceramic field, adopts AM, MBAM, APS and TEMED system among the prior art to carry out the normal position shaping to black powder in order to prepare bright pearl. Different from the pottery field, because the black powder belongs to inflammable and explosive article, all be different in particle diameter and nature with the ceramic granule, be difficult to directly be applied to this application with the ratio among the prior art, this application makes premix liquid and black powder dry powder mix through moist mode as far as possible for faster shaping and can make bright pearl have good density and intensity, will use a small amount of water, it is different with filling acrylamide in the space preparation gel explosive between the shaping granule. In order to better realize the mixing of the premixed liquid and the black powder dry powder, the premixed liquid is stirred at a low speed in an anti-static manner to enable the premixed liquid to quickly infiltrate the black powder dry powder. The particle size of the black powder is micron-sized, and the black powder is not formed particles in the prior art, so that gaps among the powder are small, infiltration is difficult to achieve through a pouring mode, and the black powder and the premix liquid are the best means for achieving mixing of the black powder and the premix liquid under the protection measure although stirring has certain potential safety hazards.
According to the method, the formula of the premixed liquid and the dry powder is adaptively optimized according to the curing time and the strength and the density of the bright beads, wherein the time from filling of the infiltrated mixture into a mold to curing and molding is recorded as the curing time, and the dry bright bead density represents the strength of the bright beads due to the fact that the bright beads with high density are usually high in strength.
See the following experiment:
example 1
(1) Preparing a premix liquid: taking distilled water as a solvent, sequentially adding Acrylamide (AM), N-methylene acrylamide (MBAM), Ammonium Persulfate (APS) and Tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED), and uniformly stirring to obtain a premixed solution;
(2) mixing the premixed liquid with the dry powder: putting the black powder dry powder into a sesame seed cake, adding a certain amount of premixed liquid, and mixing for 45s under the condition of antistatic slow stirring to obtain an infiltrated mixture;
(3) in-situ forming: quickly filling the soaked mixture into a mold, curing at room temperature, demolding after curing, and drying for 48h at 40 ℃ to obtain bright beads;
wherein the mass ratio of AM, MBAM, APS, TEMED and the black powder is 5:0.3:0.6:0.6:100, and the ratio of distilled water to the black powder is 64 mL: 100 g.
Example 2
Same as example 1, but the ratio of distilled water to black powder dry powder was 52 mL: 100 g.
Example 3
The same as example 1, but the mass ratio of AM, MBAM, APS, TEMED and black powder dry powder is 5:0.3:0.1:0.6: 100.
Example 4
The same as example 1, but the mass ratio of AM, MBAM, APS, TEMED and black powder dry powder is 4:0.3:0.6:0.6: 100.
Example 5
The same as example 1, but the mass ratio of AM, MBAM, APS, TEMED and black powder dry powder is 6:0.3:0.6:0.6: 100.
Example 6
The same as example 1, but in step (1), PVP was added to the premix in a mass ratio of 0.15:100 to the dry powder.
Example 7
The same as example 1, but in step (1), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added to the premix in a mass ratio of 0.15:100 to the dry powder.
Example 8
The same as example 1, but in step (1), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was added to the premix in a mass ratio to the dry powder of 0.15: 100.
Example 9
The same as example 1, but in step (2), after the black powder dry powder is placed in the sesame seed cake, Al powder is added into the beaker, and then the premixed solution is added, wherein the mass ratio of the Al powder to the black powder dry powder is 2: 100.
TABLE 1
| Sample (I) | Curing time (min) | Bright bead density (g/cm3) |
| Example 1 | 5 | 1.712 |
| Example 2 | 4 | 1.780 |
| Example 3 | -- | -- |
| Example 4 | 15 | 1.404 |
| Example 5 | 6.5 | 1.613 |
| Example 6 | 4.5 | 1.723 |
| Example 7 | 8 | 1.641 |
| Example 8 | 16 | 1.536 |
| Example 9 | 6 | 1.759 |
Through examples 1 and 2, it can be seen that the preparation method of the application can realize the rapid in-situ formation of gel, and can obtain dense bright beads. The comparative examples 1 and 2 show that the reduction of the content of the premix is beneficial to the preparation of bright beads with high curing speed and high density, but the further reduction of the amount of the premix on the basis of the example 2 can cause that the premix cannot effectively infiltrate all dry powders, not only the molding cannot be carried out, but also the friction between the non-infiltrated dry powders of the black powder can cause safety problems. Therefore, the ratio of the content of the premix to the black powder is 52-64 mL: 100 g.
Example 3 was not cured and formed after being placed in a mold, and it was distinguished from the examples by the reduction of the catalyst, which indicates that the catalyst should be present in an amount sufficient to induce decomposition of the initiator at room temperature. Therefore, in order to achieve the curing reaction as quickly as possible, the catalyst of the present application must be present in a certain amount. Examples 4,5 examined monomer concentration, and as a result of comparative example 1, a decrease or increase in monomer concentration increased the curing time and decreased the density, and the decrease in monomer concentration was more pronounced, indicating that the optimum value of monomer concentration was achieved, and too low a monomer concentration may require a slower initial reaction, while too high a monomer concentration may require a longer reaction time. By combining the above factors, the mass ratio of AM, MBAM, APS, TEMED and black powder dry powder is 5:0.3 (0.5-0.7) to 0.5-0.7 to 100, and the curing time and the bright bead density are suitable.
On the basis of the experiment, in order to better infiltrate the premixed liquid and the black powder dry powder, the applicant investigates the influence of different types of surfactants on the preparation of bright beads, and the surfactants are hydrophilic and oleophilic substances, so that the surface tension of the liquid can be reduced, and better infiltration can be realized possibly. Comparing the results of examples 6 to 8, it was found that the nonionic surfactant PVP can further shorten the curing time and increase the bright bead density. While the introduction of ionic surfactants causes the reduction of curing time and bright bead density, cationic surfactants are particularly remarkable, and the reason for the reduction of curing time and bright bead density is probably influenced by the introduction of ions.
Different energetic materials can be added due to different requirements on the bright beads, for example, Al powder as an additive is introduced in example 9, and the bright beads can be used as the explosive of black powder or as the bright beads of a composite energetic material. The solidification time is reduced by adding Al powder, and the density of bright beads is increased to be related to the higher density of the Al powder.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by the teaching of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which are the same as or similar to the technical solutions of the present invention, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for preparing bright beads by gel in-situ forming is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a premix liquid: taking distilled water as a solvent, sequentially adding Acrylamide (AM), N-methylene acrylamide (MBAM), Ammonium Persulfate (APS) and Tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED), and uniformly stirring to obtain a premixed solution;
(2) mixing the premixed solution with the black powder: putting the black powder dry powder into a beaker, adding a certain amount of premixed liquid, and mixing for 30-60s under the condition of antistatic slow stirring to obtain an infiltrated mixture;
(3) in-situ forming: quickly filling the soaked mixture into a mold, curing at room temperature, demolding after curing, and drying at 30-50 ℃ for 24-72h to obtain bright beads;
wherein the mass ratio of AM, MBAM, APS, TEMED and the black powder is 5:0.3 (0.5-0.7) to 100, and the ratio of distilled water to the black powder is 52-64 mL: 100 g.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is added to the premix, and the mass ratio of PVP to the black powder is 0.1-0.2: 100.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), after the black powder is placed in the beaker, Al powder is added into the beaker, and the premixed solution is added, wherein the mass ratio of the Al powder to the black powder is 1-3: 100.
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| CN201811322674.8A CN109489494B (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2018-11-08 | Method for preparing bright beads by gel in-situ forming |
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| CN201811322674.8A CN109489494B (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2018-11-08 | Method for preparing bright beads by gel in-situ forming |
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| CN109489494B true CN109489494B (en) | 2020-09-29 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1268103A (en) * | 1997-07-22 | 2000-09-27 | 科丹特技术公司 | Extrudable igniter compositions |
| EP1985599A2 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-10-29 | SNPE Matériaux Energétiques | Cold solid propellant; pyrotechnic loading; methods of obtaining same |
| CN105985205A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2016-10-05 | 陈锐 | Multifunctional mixing unit for powders used for gunpowder |
| CN106588522A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-26 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Low-melting-point thermoplastic propellant and preparation method thereof |
| CN108191587A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-22 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of method of in-situ preparation carbon fiber explosive and the explosive using this method |
-
2018
- 2018-11-08 CN CN201811322674.8A patent/CN109489494B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1268103A (en) * | 1997-07-22 | 2000-09-27 | 科丹特技术公司 | Extrudable igniter compositions |
| EP1985599A2 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-10-29 | SNPE Matériaux Energétiques | Cold solid propellant; pyrotechnic loading; methods of obtaining same |
| CN105985205A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2016-10-05 | 陈锐 | Multifunctional mixing unit for powders used for gunpowder |
| CN106588522A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-26 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Low-melting-point thermoplastic propellant and preparation method thereof |
| CN108191587A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-22 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of method of in-situ preparation carbon fiber explosive and the explosive using this method |
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Application publication date: 20190319 Assignee: Liuyang Tongbiao Machinery Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: DANCING FIREWORKS GROUP Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2023980044913 Denomination of invention: A method for preparing bright beads by in-situ gel molding Granted publication date: 20200929 License type: Common License Record date: 20231030 |