CN109489057B - Double-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system - Google Patents
Double-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109489057B CN109489057B CN201811489944.4A CN201811489944A CN109489057B CN 109489057 B CN109489057 B CN 109489057B CN 201811489944 A CN201811489944 A CN 201811489944A CN 109489057 B CN109489057 B CN 109489057B
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- pipe
- regenerator
- absorber
- communicated
- flue gas
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 63
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
- F28D21/0005—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for domestic or space-heating systems
- F28D21/0007—Water heaters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
- B01D2251/306—Alkali metal compounds of potassium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D2251/606—Carbonates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
- B01D2252/10—Inorganic absorbents
- B01D2252/103—Water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/70—Condensing contaminants with coolers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system which comprises a condensing unit, a first absorber, a first regenerator, a second absorber and a second regenerator, wherein the boiler is sequentially connected in series with the first regenerator, the condensing unit, the first absorber and the second absorber through flue gas pipelines, the first regenerator is communicated with the first absorber through a first liquid inlet pipe and a first liquid outlet pipe, the first regenerator is communicated with the second regenerator through a steam pipeline, the second regenerator is communicated with the second absorber through a second liquid inlet pipe and a second liquid outlet pipe, and the second regenerator is communicated with the boiler through a combustion-supporting air pipe. The invention can effectively recycle the waste heat and the moisture of the flue gas with lower cost, avoid the pollution of soluble nitrogen oxides in the flue gas to the moisture absorption solution and reduce the content of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boiler flue gas treatment, in particular to a two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system.
Background
Along with the promotion of the 'coal to gas' project, the gas boiler is widely applied to heating. The moisture content (water vapor content) of the exhaust gas of the gas-fired boiler is far higher than that of the coal-fired boiler, and the water vapor carries a large amount of latent heat, so that the waste heat recovery potential is great. The existing flue gas waste heat recovery mode mainly comprises condensation type waste heat recovery (condensation boiler), voltage compression type heat pump waste heat recovery, closed type absorption type heat pump waste heat recovery and an open type absorption type waste heat recovery system based on solution dehumidification technology.
However, in the existing waste heat and moisture recovery process, it is found that the pure compression heat pump is adopted, the temperature of heating backwater needs to be reduced below the dew point temperature of the flue gas by the heat pump, and the operation cost for recovering the waste heat of the flue gas is high due to high electricity charge. Closed/open absorption heat pumps often use natural gas direct combustion as a heat source, and require additional laying of natural gas pipelines and flues, and have complex systems and high manufacturing cost. In addition, the existing open type absorption waste heat recovery system based on the solution dehumidification technology directly contacts the flue gas with a circulating medium (solution), so that serious pollution is caused to the solution, and the reduction of nitrogen oxides is not obvious. Therefore, how to reduce the cost, reduce the pollution of the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas to the moisture absorption solution in the open absorption system and improve the emission reduction effect of the nitrogen oxides on the premise of effectively recovering the flue gas waste heat and the moisture is a problem to be solved by the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system, which aims to solve the problems of high flue gas treatment cost, pollution of a moisture absorption solution of a split absorption type system of nitrogen oxides in flue gas and poor emission reduction effect of the nitrogen oxides in the prior flue gas.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system, wherein the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system comprises a condensation unit, a first absorber, a first regenerator, a second absorber and a second regenerator, a boiler is sequentially connected in series with the first regenerator, the condensation unit, the first absorber and the second absorber through flue gas pipelines, the first regenerator is communicated with the first absorber through a first liquid inlet pipe and a first liquid outlet pipe, the first regenerator is communicated with the second regenerator through a steam pipeline, the second regenerator is communicated with the second absorber through a second liquid inlet pipe and a second liquid outlet pipe, and the second regenerator is communicated with the boiler through a combustion-supporting air pipe.
The two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system comprises a condensation tower, a water circulation pipe, a first heat exchanger and an alkali liquor tank, wherein two ends of the water circulation pipe are respectively communicated with the top of the condensation tower and the bottom of the condensation tower, the first heat exchanger is arranged on the water circulation pipe and is in heat exchange connection with a first return water branch pipe, the first return water branch pipe is communicated with a return water pipeline of the boiler, the water circulation pipe is provided with a first pump body capable of conveying liquid in the condensation tower from the bottom of the condensation tower to the top of the condensation tower, the alkali liquor tank is communicated with the bottom of the condensation tower through an alkali liquor supply pipe, the alkali liquor supply pipe is provided with a second pump body capable of conveying alkali liquor in the alkali liquor tank to the condensation tower, and the alkali liquor supply pipe is provided with a check valve capable of preventing the liquid in the condensation tower from flowing to the alkali liquor tank along the alkali liquor supply pipe, and the check valve is positioned between the connection position of the alkali liquor supply pipe and the condensation tower and the second pump body; the water circulation pipe is communicated with a liquid discharge pipe, the communication position between the liquid discharge pipe and the water circulation pipe is positioned between the communication position between the water circulation pipe and the condensing tower and the first heat exchanger, and the liquid discharge pipe is provided with a liquid discharge valve.
The two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system comprises a first liquid discharge pipe, a first absorber, a second absorber, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe, wherein the first end of the first liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the bottom of the first absorber, the second end of the first liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the top of the first absorber, the first liquid discharge pipe is provided with a third pump body capable of conveying liquid in the first absorber to the first absorber, the first liquid discharge pipe is provided with a fourth pump body capable of conveying liquid in the first absorber to the first absorber, the first liquid discharge pipe is provided with the second heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger is in heat exchange connection with the second branch pipe, and the second branch pipe is communicated with a water return pipe of the boiler.
The two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system, wherein a regenerator is arranged between the first regenerator and the first absorber, the second end of the first liquid discharge pipe penetrates through the regenerator and is communicated with the upper part of the first regenerator, the first end of the first liquid inlet pipe penetrates through the heat regenerator and is communicated with the bottom of the first regenerator, and the first liquid outlet pipe and the first liquid inlet pipe exchange heat in the heat regenerator.
The two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system is characterized in that the first liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the first liquid inlet pipe through a liquid return pipe, and the liquid return pipe is communicated with the first liquid discharge pipe or the liquid return pipe is communicated with the first liquid inlet pipe through a three-way valve.
The two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system comprises a first liquid discharge pipe, a second regenerator, a third heat exchanger, an air pipe, a combustion-supporting air pipe, a fifth pump body, a sixth pump body and a third heat exchanger, wherein the first end of the second liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the bottom of the second absorber, the second end of the second liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the upper portion of the second regenerator, the second end of the second liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the top of the second absorber, the fifth pump body is arranged on the second liquid discharge pipe and can convey liquid in the second regenerator to the second absorber, the sixth pump body is arranged on the second liquid discharge pipe and can convey the liquid in the second regenerator to the second regenerator, and the third heat exchanger is in heat exchange connection with the combustion-supporting air pipe.
The two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system is characterized in that the second regenerator is communicated with a vacuumizing pipe, and a vacuum pump is arranged on the vacuumizing pipe.
The two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system is characterized in that the second regenerator is communicated with a condensate water discharge pipe, and a seventh pump body is arranged on the condensate water discharge pipe.
The two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system comprises a first absorber, a second absorber and a second absorber, wherein the bottom of the first absorber is communicated with a first blow-down pipe, a first blow-down valve is arranged on the first blow-down pipe, a second blow-down pipe is communicated with the bottom of the second absorber, and a second blow-down valve is arranged on the second blow-down pipe.
The two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system comprises a first regenerator, a second regenerator and a third regenerator, wherein the first regenerator is a shell-and-tube regenerator, and the second regenerator is an internal heat type plate regenerator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the invention, a heat pump using a compression heat pump or natural gas direct combustion as a heat source is not needed, a natural gas pipeline is not needed to be additionally paved, the effects of reducing the flue gas waste heat and the water recovery cost can be effectively achieved, meanwhile, by arranging the condensing unit, the soluble nitrogen oxides in the flue gas can be absorbed before the flue gas enters the first absorber, the pollution of the soluble nitrogen oxides in the flue gas to a moisture absorption solution is effectively avoided, and the nitrogen oxide emission reduction effect is improved.
2. According to the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system, the first absorber and the second absorber are arranged, so that water and waste heat in flue gas can be recovered in a step mode, different solutions can be adopted for the first absorber and the second absorber, and the solution of the first absorber can be a solution with weak moisture absorption capacity, low cost and weak corrosiveness; the solution of the second absorber can be reused with a solution with strong moisture absorption capacity and regenerated with non-boiling.
3. According to the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system, the first regenerator and the second regenerator are arranged, so that the flue gas waste heat can be utilized twice, and the flue gas waste heat recovery effect is improved on the premise of ensuring the regeneration capacity of the two-stage regenerators.
4. According to the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system, the combustion air pipe is arranged, and the combustion air in the combustion air pipe is heated and humidified, so that the generation amount of nitrogen oxides in the gas combustion process is reduced, and the effect of reducing the emission of the nitrogen oxides is achieved fundamentally.
Drawings
The following drawings are only for purposes of illustration and explanation of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual stage absorption boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another schematic diagram of a dual stage absorption boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a condensing unit;
11. a condensing tower;
12. a water circulation pipe;
121. a first pump body;
13. a first heat exchanger;
131. a first return water branch pipe;
14. an alkali liquor tank;
15. an alkali liquor supply pipe;
151. a second pump body;
152. a check valve;
16. a liquid discharge tube;
161. a drain valve;
2. a first absorber;
21. a first liquid inlet pipe;
211. a fourth pump body;
212. a second heat exchanger;
2121. a second return water branch pipe;
22. a first liquid discharge pipe;
221. a third pump body;
23. a liquid return pipe;
231. a three-way valve;
24. a first drain pipe;
241. a first blow-down valve;
3. a first regenerator;
31. a steam pipe;
4. a second absorber;
41. a second liquid inlet pipe;
411. a sixth pump body;
412. a third heat exchanger;
42. a second liquid discharge pipe;
421. a fifth pump body;
43. a second drain pipe;
431. a second blow-down valve;
5. a second regenerator;
51. vacuumizing the tube;
511. a vacuum pump;
52. a condensate drain pipe;
521. a seventh pump body;
6. a regenerator;
7. a boiler;
71. a flue gas duct;
72. a combustion air pipe;
8. a chimney;
9. draught fan
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of the technical solutions, objects and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system, wherein the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system comprises a condensing unit 1, a first absorber 2, a first regenerator 3, a second absorber 4 and a second regenerator 5, a boiler 7 is serially connected with the first regenerator 3, the condensing unit 1, the first absorber 2 and the second absorber 4 in sequence through a flue gas pipeline 71, the first regenerator 3 is communicated with the first absorber 2 through a first liquid inlet pipe 21 and a first liquid outlet pipe 22, the first regenerator 3 is communicated with the second regenerator 5 through a steam pipeline 31, the second regenerator 5 is communicated with the second absorber 4 through a second liquid inlet pipe 41 and a second liquid outlet pipe 42, and the second regenerator 5 is communicated with the boiler 7 through a combustion-supporting air pipe 72.
In the process of treating the flue gas, the flue gas firstly enters the first regenerator 3 and is used as a heat source of the first regenerator 3, part of waste heat in the flue gas is provided for the first regenerator 3 to heat the hygroscopic solution of the first regenerator 3, the hygroscopic solution in the first regenerator 3 is heated to boiling to evaporate and concentrate the hygroscopic solution, and water vapor generated by heating and evaporating the hygroscopic solution in the first regenerator 3 enters the second regenerator 5 through a steam pipeline 31 to provide heat for the concentration and regeneration of the hygroscopic solution in the second regenerator 5, so that the recycling of the flue gas waste heat can be effectively realized, meanwhile, a heat pump using an electric compression heat pump or natural gas direct combustion as a heat source is not required, a natural gas pipeline is not required to be additionally paved, and the purposes of effectively recycling the flue gas waste heat and reducing the flue gas waste heat recycling cost can be achieved;
then the flue gas enters the condensing unit 1 through the flue gas pipeline 71, contacts and condenses with circulating cooling water in the condensing unit 1, achieves preliminary water removal and further temperature reduction of the flue gas, absorbs soluble nitrogen oxides in the flue gas through the circulating cooling water, prevents the flue gas from polluting moisture absorption solutions in the first absorber 2 and the second absorber 4, and achieves the effect of reducing emission of the nitrogen oxides;
then, the flue gas enters the first absorber 2 through a flue gas pipeline 71, moisture in the flue gas is absorbed by the moisture absorption solution in the first absorber 2, the moisture in the flue gas is absorbed by the moisture absorption solution in the first absorber 2 and then diluted, the diluted moisture absorption solution enters the first regenerator 3 through a first liquid discharge pipe 22, the diluted moisture absorption solution is heated, boiled and concentrated through the flue gas serving as a heat source of the regenerator, and the concentrated moisture absorption solution returns to the first absorber 2 through a first liquid inlet pipe 21; the flue gas with water recovered by the first absorber 2 enters the second absorber 4 through the flue gas pipeline 71, the moisture in the flue gas is further absorbed by the moisture absorbing solution in the second absorber 4, the moisture in the flue gas is diluted after being absorbed by the moisture absorbing solution in the second absorber 4, the diluted moisture absorbing solution enters the second regenerator 5 through the second liquid discharge pipe 42, the diluted moisture absorbing solution is heated in the second regenerator 5 taking the vapor generated by the first regenerator 3 as a heat source, the moisture absorbing solution is concentrated by direct countercurrent contact of the moisture absorbing solution and the combustion air dried in the combustion air pipe 72 in the second regenerator 5, meanwhile, the combustion air in the combustion air pipe 72 is heated and humidified, the concentrated moisture absorbing solution returns to the second absorber 4 through the second liquid inlet pipe 41, and the moisture in the flue gas is sequentially absorbed by the circulation of the moisture absorbing solution in the first absorber 2 and the second absorber 4, so that the humidity is effectively reduced, and the whitening effect is obvious; finally, the flue gas with the water recovered by the second absorber 4 enters a chimney 8 through a draught fan 9 and is discharged to the atmosphere.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the invention is characterized in that the condensing unit 1 comprises a condensing tower 11, a water circulation pipe 12, a first heat exchanger 13 and an alkali liquor tank 14, the condensing tower 11 is a direct contact condenser, specifically a spraying (packing) tower, two ends of the water circulation pipe 12 are respectively communicated with the top of the condensing tower 11 and the bottom of the condensing tower 11, so that circulating cooling water in the condensing tower 11 is sprayed downwards from the top of the condensing tower 11, and flows back to the top of the condensing tower 11 through the water circulation pipe 12 at the bottom of the condensing tower 11, thereby realizing circulation of the circulating cooling water, absorbing soluble nitrogen oxides contained in flue gas entering the condensing tower 11 in the circulating cooling water circulation process, cooling the flue gas due to the cooling effect of the circulating cooling water, and simultaneously, and enabling part of water vapor in the flue gas to condense and flow away and circulate along with the circulating cooling water, thereby achieving the purposes of removing part of polluted gas and performing cooling and preliminary water removal of the flue gas; the first heat exchanger 13 is arranged on the water circulation pipe 12, the first heat exchanger 13 is in heat exchange connection with the first water return branch pipe 131, the first water return branch pipe 131 is communicated with a water return pipeline of the boiler 7, the circulating cooling water absorbs heat of flue gas in the process of spraying from top to bottom in the condensation tower 11 to rise temperature, and the heat absorbed by the circulating cooling water can be transferred to the boiler water return in the first water return branch pipe 131 in a heat exchange mode through arranging the first heat exchanger 13 on the water circulation pipe 12, so that the recycling of flue gas waste heat is realized; the water circulation pipe 12 is provided with a first pump body 121 which can convey the liquid in the condensation tower 11 from the bottom of the condensation tower 11 to the top of the condensation tower 11 so as to ensure the smooth circulation of the circulating cooling water; the alkali liquor tank 14 is communicated with the bottom of the condensing tower 11 through an alkali liquor supply pipe 15, a second pump body 151 capable of conveying alkali liquor in the alkali liquor tank 14 to the condensing tower 11 is arranged on the alkali liquor supply pipe 15, and circulating cooling water can be made to be alkaline by conveying alkali liquor into the condensing tower 11, so that the absorption effect of the circulating cooling water on nitrogen oxides can be further improved; the check valve 152 capable of preventing the liquid in the condensing tower 11 from flowing to the alkali liquor tank 14 along the alkali liquor supply pipe 15 is arranged on the alkali liquor supply pipe 15, the check valve 152 is positioned between the communication position of the alkali liquor supply pipe 15 and the condensing tower 11 and the second pump body 151, and the check valve 152 is arranged to prevent the liquid in the condensing tower 11 from flowing back to the alkali liquor tank 14 to pollute the alkali liquor in the alkali liquor tank 14; the liquid discharge pipe 16 is communicated with the water circulation pipe 12, a communication part between the liquid discharge pipe 16 and the water circulation pipe 12 is positioned between the communication part between the water circulation pipe 12 and the condensing tower 11 and the first heat exchanger 13, a liquid discharge valve 161 is arranged on the liquid discharge pipe 16, and by arranging the liquid discharge pipe 16 and arranging the liquid discharge valve 161 on the liquid discharge pipe 16, a worker can regularly discharge the circulating cooling water in the condensing tower 11, so that the alkalinity of the circulating cooling water is ensured under the premise of ensuring the liquid quantity, and the increase and accumulation of the circulating cooling water in the condensing tower 11 due to partial condensation of water in the flue gas are avoided; in addition, the communication position between the liquid discharge pipe 16 and the water circulation pipe 12 can also be positioned between the communication position between the water circulation pipe 12 and the top of the condensation tower 11 and the first heat exchanger 13, so that the circulating cooling water flows out from the bottom of the condensation tower 11 and is discharged after exchanging heat with the first heat exchanger 13, and the flue gas waste heat utilization efficiency is further improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the dual-stage absorption boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the invention, a first end of a first liquid discharge pipe 22 is communicated with the bottom of a first absorber 2, a second end of the first liquid discharge pipe 22 is communicated with the upper part of the first regenerator 3, a first end of a first liquid inlet pipe 21 is communicated with the bottom of the first regenerator 3, a second end of the first liquid inlet pipe 21 is communicated with the top of the first absorber 2, moisture in flue gas is absorbed by a moisture absorption solution in the first absorber 2, then flows into the first regenerator 3 through the first liquid discharge pipe 22 to be heated to boil and concentrate, the obtained concentrated moisture absorption solution enters the interior of the first absorber 2 from the top of the first regenerator 3 through the first liquid inlet pipe 21, is sprayed from top to bottom, and the concentrated moisture absorption solution contacts with the flue gas in the spraying process and absorbs the moisture in the flue gas again, and the moisture in the flue gas is recycled; the first liquid discharge pipe 22 is provided with a third pump body 221 capable of conveying the liquid in the first absorber 2 to the first regenerator 3, the first liquid inlet pipe 21 is provided with a fourth pump body 211 capable of conveying the liquid in the first regenerator 3 to the first absorber 2, and the third pump body 221 and the fourth pump body 211 are arranged to ensure the smooth circulation of the moisture absorption solution in the first absorber 2; the first liquid inlet pipe 21 is provided with the second heat exchanger 212, the second heat exchanger 212 is in heat exchange connection with the second water return branch pipe 2121, the second water return branch pipe 2121 is communicated with a water return pipeline of the boiler 7, the hygroscopic solution has very high temperature after being heated in the first regenerator 3, and the heat of the hygroscopic solution can be effectively exchanged to the boiler water return in the second water return branch pipe 2121 through the second heat exchanger 212 after flowing into the first liquid inlet pipe 21, so that the recycling of the heat of the hygroscopic solution is realized.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the two-stage absorption boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the present invention, a regenerator 6 is disposed between the first regenerator 3 and the first absorber 2, a second end of the first liquid drain pipe 22 penetrates through the regenerator 6 to communicate with an upper portion of the first regenerator 3, a first end of the first liquid inlet pipe 21 penetrates through the regenerator 6 to communicate with a bottom portion of the first regenerator 3, and the first liquid drain pipe 22 exchanges heat with the first liquid inlet pipe 21 in the regenerator 6. The heat regenerator 6 can preheat the diluted hygroscopic solution in the first drain pipe 22, so that the diluted hygroscopic solution has higher temperature before entering the first regenerator 3 for heating and evaporating, the burden of the first regenerator 3 for heating and evaporating the diluted hygroscopic solution is reduced, and the temperature of the hygroscopic solution concentrated in the first regenerator 3 can be preliminarily reduced.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, in the dual-stage absorption boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the invention, the first liquid discharge pipe 22 is communicated with the first liquid inlet pipe 21 through the liquid return pipe 23, and the liquid return pipe 23 is communicated with the first liquid discharge pipe 22 or the liquid return pipe 23 is communicated with the first liquid inlet pipe 21 through the three-way valve 231. By arranging the liquid return pipe 23 and the three-way valve 231, only a part of diluted hygroscopic solution discharged from the first absorber 2 through the first liquid discharge pipe 22 enters the first regenerator 3 to be heated to boiling and concentrated, so that the heat required by the first regenerator 3 to heat the solution to boiling can be reduced, the regeneration capacity of the two-stage absorption boiler flue gas treatment system is effectively improved, the heating concentration burden of the first regenerator 3 is reduced, the size of the first regenerator 3 is reduced, the heat exchange burden of the second heat exchanger 212 is reduced, and the size of the second heat exchanger 212 is reduced.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the two-stage absorption boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the invention, a first end of a second liquid discharge pipe 42 is communicated with the bottom of a second absorber 4, a second end of the second liquid discharge pipe 42 is communicated with the upper part of a second regenerator 5, a first end of a second liquid inlet pipe 41 is communicated with the bottom of the second regenerator 5, a second end of the second liquid inlet pipe 41 is communicated with the top of the second absorber 4, moisture in flue gas is absorbed by a moisture absorption solution in the second absorber 4, and then flows into the second regenerator 5 through the second liquid discharge pipe 42 for concentration regeneration, the obtained concentrated moisture absorption solution enters the interior of the second absorber 4 from the top of the second absorber 4 through the second liquid inlet pipe 41, is sprayed from top to bottom, and the concentrated moisture absorption solution contacts with the flue gas in the spraying process and absorbs the moisture in the flue gas again, and is recycled; the second liquid discharge pipe 42 is provided with a fifth pump body 421 capable of conveying the liquid in the second absorber 4 to the second regenerator 5, the second liquid inlet pipe 41 is provided with a sixth pump body 411 capable of conveying the liquid in the second regenerator 5 to the second absorber 4, and smooth circulation of the hygroscopic solution can be ensured by arranging the fifth pump body 421 and the sixth pump body 411; the third heat exchanger 412 is arranged on the second liquid inlet pipe 41, the third heat exchanger 412 is in heat exchange connection with the combustion air pipe 72, the combustion air pipe 72 is connected in series and communicated with the second regenerator 5 and is communicated with the boiler 7, the hygroscopic solution has higher temperature after passing through the second regenerator 5, after flowing into the second liquid inlet pipe 41, the heat of the hygroscopic solution can be exchanged for the combustion air in the combustion air pipe 72 through the third heat exchanger 412, the temperature of the hygroscopic solution entering the second absorber 4 is reduced, and the hygroscopic capacity of the hygroscopic solution is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the invention, the second regenerator 5 is communicated with a vacuumizing pipe 51, the vacuumizing pipe 51 is communicated with the heating plate inner cavity of the second regenerator 5, and a vacuum pump 511 is arranged on the vacuumizing pipe 51, because the first regenerator 3 is communicated with the heating plate inner cavity of the second regenerator 5 through a steam pipeline 31, the hygroscopic solution in the first regenerator 3 can be regenerated in a low-pressure low-temperature low-oxygen state through arranging the vacuumizing pipe 51 and the vacuum pump 511, so that the corrosion of the hygroscopic solution to the first regenerator 3 is reduced, meanwhile, the noncondensable gas in the heat source steam in the heating plate inner cavity of the second regenerator 5 is timely pumped away through the vacuumizing pipe 51 and the vacuum pump 511, so that the condensation effect of the steam in the second regenerator 5 is improved, the heat exchange efficiency of the second regenerator 5 is improved, and the vacuum degree in the first regenerator 3 is maintained; the return water of the boiler 7 enters the boiler 7 after being preheated by the first heat exchanger 13 and the second heat exchanger 212, so that the consumption of fuel gas in the boiler 7 is reduced, the second regenerator 5 is communicated with the condensate water discharge pipe 52, the condensate water discharge pipe 52 is provided with a seventh pump body 521, besides, a condensate water tank is communicated with the condensate water discharge pipe 52, the condensed water obtained after condensation is high-quality condensate water, and the condensate water can be discharged into the condensate water tank through the condensate water discharge pipe 52 to be directly used as the water supplementing of the boiler 7.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the invention, the bottom of the first absorber 2 is communicated with a first drain pipe 24, the first drain pipe 24 is provided with a first drain valve 241, the bottom of the second absorber 4 is communicated with a second drain pipe 43, and the second drain pipe 43 is provided with a second drain valve 431. By providing the first drain pipe 24, the first drain valve 241, the second drain pipe 43 and the second drain valve 431, the hygroscopic solution in the first absorber 2 and the second absorber 4 can be discharged and replaced, so that the cleaning of the hygroscopic solution is ensured.
Preferably, the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the invention is characterized in that the first regenerator 3 is a shell-and-tube regenerator, moisture in the flue gas is absorbed by the hygroscopic solution of the first absorber 2, the diluted hygroscopic solution is diluted by the first regenerator after being preheated by the regenerator 6, the diluted hygroscopic solution enters the shell side of the shell-and-tube type first regenerator 3, is boiled by high-temperature flue gas on the tube side and is concentrated, the concentrated solution is preliminarily cooled by the regenerator 6 and is further cooled by boiler backwater in the second heat exchanger 212, and then the diluted hygroscopic solution enters the first absorber 2 to absorb the moisture in the flue gas, so that one cycle is completed; the second regenerator 5 is an internal heat type plate regenerator, the concentrated hygroscopic solution coming out of the internal heat type plate regenerator is cooled by cold air in the third heat exchanger 412 and then sprayed into the second absorber 4 to be in direct contact with the flue gas, and the diluted hygroscopic solution after absorbing the moisture in the flue gas enters the internal heat type plate regenerator again to be concentrated and regenerated, thus completing a cycle. In the internal heating type plate type second regenerator 5, the hygroscopic solution flows on the plate sheet of the heating plate from top to bottom in a falling film mode, the heat source steam flows on the inner cavity of the heating plate to heat the hygroscopic solution flowing on the plate sheet, the combustion air preheated by the hygroscopic solution in the third heat exchanger 412 flows between the plates from bottom to top to directly contact with the hygroscopic solution flowing on the plate sheet, the hygroscopic solution is concentrated and regenerated, and the combustion air heated and humidified enters the boiler 7 to support combustion.
Preferably, in the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the invention, because the moisture content is higher when the flue gas enters the first absorber 2 and the first regenerator 3 is in a boiling type regeneration mode (corrosion problem is more prominent), the moisture absorption solution circulated between the first absorber 2 and the first regenerator 3 can be selected from moisture absorption solution with weak moisture absorption capability but low cost and weak corrosiveness so as to reduce the corrosion of the moisture absorption solution to the first regenerator 3, and because the moisture content is lower when the flue gas enters the second absorber 4 and the second regenerator 5 is in an internal heat type plate type countercurrent falling film regeneration mode, the moisture absorption solution circulated between the second absorber 4 and the second regenerator 5 can be selected from solution with strong moisture absorption capability without excessively avoiding the corrosiveness of the solution, so that the moisture content and waste heat recovery effect of the flue gas can be improved and the moisture content of the final flue gas can be reduced.
Preferably, in the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the invention, the first water return branch pipe 131 and the second water return branch pipe 2121 are respectively communicated with the water return pipeline in a parallel manner, or the first water return branch pipe 131 and the second water return branch pipe 2121 are sequentially connected in series and communicated with the water return pipeline, which is not limited by the invention.
In the present invention, the flow direction of the flue gas in the first absorber 2 and the second absorber 4 may be from bottom to top through the first absorber 2 and the second absorber 4 (counter flow), or may also be from lateral through the first absorber 2 and the second absorber 4 (cross flow), which is not limited to this.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system provided by the invention, a heat pump using a compression heat pump or natural gas direct combustion as a heat source is not needed, a natural gas pipeline is not needed to be additionally paved, the effects of reducing the flue gas waste heat and the water recovery cost can be effectively achieved, meanwhile, by arranging the condensing unit, the soluble nitrogen oxides in the flue gas can be absorbed before the flue gas enters the first absorber, the pollution of the soluble nitrogen oxides in the flue gas to a moisture absorption solution is effectively avoided, and the nitrogen oxide emission reduction effect is improved.
2. According to the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system, the first absorber and the second absorber are arranged, so that water and waste heat in flue gas can be recovered in a step mode, different solutions can be adopted for the first absorber and the second absorber, and the solution of the first absorber can be a solution with weak moisture absorption capacity, low cost and weak corrosiveness; the solution of the second absorber can be reused with a solution with strong moisture absorption capacity and regenerated with non-boiling.
3. According to the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system, the first regenerator and the second regenerator are arranged, so that the flue gas waste heat can be utilized twice, and the flue gas waste heat recovery effect is improved on the premise of ensuring the regeneration capacity of the two-stage regenerators.
4. According to the two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system, the combustion air pipe is arranged, and the combustion air in the combustion air pipe is heated and humidified, so that the generation amount of nitrogen oxides in the gas combustion process is reduced, and the effect of reducing the emission of the nitrogen oxides is achieved fundamentally.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of this invention, and are intended to be within the scope of this invention.
Claims (8)
1. The double-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system is characterized by comprising a condensing unit, a first absorber, a first regenerator, a second absorber and a second regenerator, wherein a boiler is sequentially connected in series with the first regenerator, the condensing unit, the first absorber and the second absorber through flue gas pipelines, the first regenerator is communicated with the first absorber through a first liquid inlet pipe and a first liquid outlet pipe, the first regenerator is communicated with the second regenerator through a steam pipeline, the second regenerator is communicated with the second absorber through a second liquid inlet pipe and a second liquid outlet pipe, and the second regenerator is communicated with the boiler through a combustion-supporting air pipe;
the first end of the first liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the bottom of the first absorber, the second end of the first liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the upper part of the first regenerator, the first end of the first liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the bottom of the first regenerator, the second end of the first liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the top of the first absorber, a third pump body capable of conveying liquid in the first absorber to the first regenerator is arranged on the first liquid discharge pipe, a fourth pump body capable of conveying liquid in the first regenerator to the first absorber is arranged on the first liquid inlet pipe, a second heat exchanger is arranged on the first liquid inlet pipe and is in heat exchange connection with a second branch pipe, and the second branch pipe is communicated with a water return pipe of the boiler;
the first end of the second liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the bottom of the second absorber, the second end of the second liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the upper portion of the second regenerator, the first end of the second liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the bottom of the second regenerator, the second end of the second liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the top of the second absorber, a fifth pump body capable of conveying liquid in the second absorber to the second regenerator is arranged on the second liquid discharge pipe, a sixth pump body capable of conveying liquid in the second regenerator to the second absorber is arranged on the second liquid inlet pipe, a third heat exchanger is arranged on the second liquid inlet pipe and is in heat exchange connection with the combustion-supporting air pipe, and the third heat exchanger is communicated with the second regenerator in series connection with the boiler.
2. The two-stage absorption type boiler flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the condensing unit comprises a condensing tower, a water circulation pipe, a first heat exchanger and an alkali liquor tank, two ends of the water circulation pipe are respectively communicated with the top of the condensing tower and the bottom of the condensing tower, the first heat exchanger is arranged on the water circulation pipe and is in heat exchange connection with a first return water branch pipe, the first return water branch pipe is communicated with a return water pipeline of the boiler, the water circulation pipe is provided with a first pump body capable of conveying liquid in the condensing tower from the bottom of the condensing tower to the top of the condensing tower, the alkali liquor tank is communicated with the bottom of the condensing tower through an alkali liquor supply pipe, the alkali liquor supply pipe is provided with a second pump body capable of conveying alkali liquor in the alkali liquor tank to the condensing tower, the alkali liquor supply pipe is provided with a check valve capable of preventing the liquid in the condensing tower from flowing to the condensing tower along the alkali liquor supply pipe, and the check valve is positioned between the supply pipe and the second pump body of the condensing tower; the water circulation pipe is communicated with a liquid discharge pipe, the communication position between the liquid discharge pipe and the water circulation pipe is positioned between the communication position between the water circulation pipe and the condensing tower and the first heat exchanger, and the liquid discharge pipe is provided with a liquid discharge valve.
3. The dual-stage absorption boiler flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a regenerator is arranged between the first regenerator and the first absorber, the second end of the first liquid discharge pipe penetrates through the regenerator and is communicated with the upper part of the first regenerator, the first end of the first liquid inlet pipe penetrates through the regenerator and is communicated with the bottom of the first regenerator, and the first liquid discharge pipe and the first liquid inlet pipe exchange heat in the regenerator.
4. The dual stage absorption boiler flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the first drain pipe is in communication with the first feed pipe via a return pipe, and wherein the return pipe is in communication with the first drain pipe or the return pipe is in communication with the first feed pipe via a three-way valve.
5. The two-stage absorption boiler flue gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second regenerator is provided with a vacuum pipe in a communicating manner, and a vacuum pump is arranged on the vacuum pipe.
6. The two-stage absorption boiler flue gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second regenerator is provided with a condensate drain pipe in a communicating manner, and a seventh pump body is arranged on the condensate drain pipe.
7. The two-stage absorption boiler flue gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a first blow-down pipe is communicated with the bottom of the first absorber, a first blow-down valve is arranged on the first blow-down pipe, a second blow-down pipe is communicated with the bottom of the second absorber, and a second blow-down valve is arranged on the second blow-down pipe.
8. The dual-stage absorption boiler flue gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first regenerator is a shell-and-tube regenerator and the second regenerator is an internal heat type plate regenerator.
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