CN109488705B - Improved generation brake shoe - Google Patents
Improved generation brake shoe Download PDFInfo
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- CN109488705B CN109488705B CN201811479327.6A CN201811479327A CN109488705B CN 109488705 B CN109488705 B CN 109488705B CN 201811479327 A CN201811479327 A CN 201811479327A CN 109488705 B CN109488705 B CN 109488705B
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D51/00—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like
- F16D51/10—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as exclusively radially-movable brake-shoes
- F16D51/12—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as exclusively radially-movable brake-shoes mechanically actuated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
- F16D65/08—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for internally-engaging brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/14—Mechanical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
- F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
- F16D2125/22—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting transversely to the axis of rotation
- F16D2125/28—Cams; Levers with cams
- F16D2125/30—Cams; Levers with cams acting on two or more cam followers, e.g. S-cams
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了机车制动技术领域的一种改进型制动蹄,包括有制动鼓、制动蹄和制动底盘,所述制动鼓设置于制动蹄外围,所述制动蹄包括有第一制动蹄和第二制动蹄,所述第一制动蹄和第二制动蹄对称滑动设置于制动底盘上,所述第一制动蹄顶部与第二制动蹄顶部之间设置有凸轮一,本发明通过设置的两组凸轮机构实现制动蹄整体的平行运动,使得摩擦片各区域摩擦面与制动鼓同步接触,制动均匀,摩擦效果很好,延长了摩擦片的使用寿命,通过设置的棘型触手既能够充当加强板又能够与滑块连接,实现制动蹄的平行滑动,通过设置在摩擦片上的三角形凹槽,能够有效避免粘滞于制动鼓上摩擦碎屑引起的刹车反应迟滞。
The invention discloses an improved brake shoe in the technical field of locomotive braking, comprising a brake drum, a brake shoe and a brake chassis, the brake drum is arranged on the periphery of the brake shoe, and the brake shoe includes There are a first brake shoe and a second brake shoe, the first brake shoe and the second brake shoe are symmetrically arranged on the brake chassis, and the top of the first brake shoe and the top of the second brake shoe A cam is arranged between the two sets of cam mechanisms. The invention realizes the parallel movement of the brake shoe as a whole through the two sets of cam mechanisms, so that the friction surface of each area of the friction plate is in synchronous contact with the brake drum, the braking is uniform, the friction effect is good, and the time is prolonged. The service life of the friction plate can be used as a reinforcing plate and can be connected with the slider through the set ratchet tentacles to realize the parallel sliding of the brake shoe. The triangular groove set on the friction plate can effectively avoid sticking to the brake. Delayed braking response due to friction debris on the drum.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及机车制动技术领域,具体为一种改进型制动蹄。The invention relates to the technical field of locomotive braking, in particular to an improved brake shoe.
背景技术Background technique
制动器是具有使运动部件(或运动机械)减速、停止或保持停止状态等功能的装置,是使机械中的运动件停止或减速的机械零件,俗称刹车、闸。制动器主要由制架、制动件和操纵装置等组成。有些制动器还装有制动件间隙的自动调整装置,为了减小制动力矩和结构尺寸,制动器通常装在设备的高速轴上,但对安全性要求较高的大型设备则应装在靠近设备工作部分的低速轴上。A brake is a device that has the functions of decelerating, stopping or maintaining a stopped state of moving parts (or moving machinery). The brake is mainly composed of a frame, a braking part and a control device. Some brakes are also equipped with an automatic adjustment device for the gap of the brake parts. In order to reduce the braking torque and structural size, the brakes are usually installed on the high-speed shaft of the equipment, but large equipment with high safety requirements should be installed close to the equipment. on the low-speed shaft of the working part.
制动系统的一般工作原理是,利用与车身(或车架)相连的非旋转元件和与车轮(或传动轴)相连的旋转元件之间的相互摩擦来阻止车轮的转动或转动的趋势,一般制动器都是通过其中的固定元件对旋转元件施加制动力矩,使后者的旋转角速度降低,同时依靠车轮与地面的附着作用,产生路面对车轮的制动力以使汽车减速。凡利用固定元件与旋转元件工作表面的摩擦而产生制动力矩的制动器都成为摩擦制动器。车用制动器中,有一种制动器采用的是张蹄式鼓式制动器,张蹄机构式制动器主要分为两类:一类是机械式,应用最普遍的是气动式凸轮机构张蹄;另一类是液压式:它是用液压油缸推动活塞张蹄。凸轮张蹄推移制动蹄的两端行程相等,使得制动蹄在另一端转动连接在支撑轴的作用下沿支撑点转动,从而使得制动蹄上的刹车片与制动鼓摩擦,从而实现车辆的制动,由于张蹄机构的制动器中制动蹄的一端收到气动凸轮机构的作用首先张开,使得靠近该端处的制动刹车片首先与制动鼓摩擦,长期作用下来制动摩擦片磨损不均匀,从而导致制动器的制动效果不佳,摩擦片更换周期短,制动器维修成本大大增加,对于大型车辆来说,上述问题尤其明显。本发明设计了一种改进型制动蹄,以解决上述问题。The general working principle of the braking system is to use the mutual friction between the non-rotating element connected to the body (or frame) and the rotating element connected to the wheel (or drive shaft) to prevent the rotation or tendency of the wheel, generally The brakes apply braking torque to the rotating elements through the fixed elements, so that the rotation angular velocity of the latter is reduced. All brakes that use the friction between the fixed element and the working surface of the rotating element to generate braking torque are called friction brakes. Among the brakes for vehicles, there is a type of brake that uses a shoe-opening drum brake. The shoe-opening mechanism brake is mainly divided into two categories: one is mechanical, and the most commonly used is pneumatic cam mechanism. It is a hydraulic type: it uses a hydraulic cylinder to push the piston to open the shoe. The strokes of both ends of the brake shoe are equal, so that the brake shoe rotates along the support point under the action of the other end being connected to the support shaft, so that the brake pad on the brake shoe rubs against the brake drum, so as to realize In the braking of the vehicle, because one end of the brake shoe in the brake of the shoe opening mechanism is first opened by the action of the pneumatic cam mechanism, the brake pad close to the end is first rubbed with the brake drum, and the brake is applied for a long time. The friction pads wear unevenly, resulting in poor braking effect of the brake, short replacement cycle of the friction pads, and greatly increased brake maintenance costs. The above problems are especially obvious for large vehicles. The present invention designs an improved brake shoe to solve the above problems.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提出一种改进型制动蹄,以解决上述背景技术中提出的由于张蹄机构的制动器中制动蹄的一端收到气动凸轮机构的作用首先张开,使得靠近该端处的制动刹车片首先与制动鼓摩擦,长期作用下来制动摩擦片磨损不均匀,从而导致制动器的制动效果不佳,摩擦片更换周期短,制动器维修成本大大增加,对于大型车辆来说,上述问题尤其明显的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to propose an improved brake shoe, so as to solve the problem in the above-mentioned background art that one end of the brake shoe in the brake of the shoe opening mechanism is first opened by the action of the pneumatic cam mechanism, so that the position close to the end is opened first. The brake pads first rub against the brake drum, and the brake pads wear unevenly for a long time, resulting in poor braking effect of the brake, short replacement cycle of the friction pads, and greatly increased brake maintenance costs. For large vehicles , the above problems are particularly obvious problems.
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种改进型制动蹄,包括有制动鼓、制动蹄和制动底盘,所述制动鼓设置于制动蹄外围,所述制动蹄包括有第一制动蹄和第二制动蹄,所述第一制动蹄和第二制动蹄对称滑动设置于制动底盘上,所述第一制动蹄顶部与第二制动蹄顶部之间设置有凸轮一,所述第一制动蹄底部与第二制动蹄底部之间设置有凸轮二,所述凸轮一和凸轮二布置于制动底盘上,所述凸轮一和凸轮二能够驱动第一制动蹄和第二制动蹄张合,使第一制动蹄和第二制动蹄均与制动鼓内壁贴合摩擦作用,所述第一制动蹄和第二制动蹄上均设置有安装片,所述安装片上均设置有摩擦片。In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an improved brake shoe, comprising a brake drum, a brake shoe and a brake chassis, the brake drum is arranged on the periphery of the brake shoe, the brake The shoe includes a first brake shoe and a second brake shoe, the first brake shoe and the second brake shoe are symmetrically arranged on the brake chassis, and the top of the first brake shoe is connected to the second brake shoe. A cam is arranged between the top of the shoe, a cam is arranged between the bottom of the first brake shoe and the bottom of the second brake shoe, the
优选的,所述制动底盘包括有盘体,所述盘体上下对称设置有滑槽,所述滑槽内左右对称滑动卡接有滑块,所述滑块之间设置有复位弹簧。Preferably, the brake chassis includes a disc body, and the disc body is provided with a chute symmetrically up and down, a slider is slidably clamped in the chute in a left-right symmetrical manner, and a return spring is arranged between the sliders.
优选的,所述滑块上开设有螺纹孔,所述滑块与滑槽经过润滑处理。Preferably, the sliding block is provided with a threaded hole, and the sliding block and the chute are lubricated.
优选的,所述第一制动蹄和第二制动蹄上均对称设置有棘型触手,所述棘型触手有四组,每组棘型触手通过螺钉紧固连接滑块。Preferably, the first brake shoe and the second brake shoe are symmetrically provided with ratchet tentacles, the ratchet tentacles have four groups, and each set of ratchet tentacles is fastened to the slider by screws.
优选的,所述凸轮一和凸轮二对称设置,且凸轮一和凸轮二通过外部驱动装置同步作用于与其连接的制动蹄。Preferably, the first cam and the second cam are arranged symmetrically, and the first cam and the second cam act on the brake shoe connected thereto synchronously through an external driving device.
优选的,所述摩擦片上设置有三角形凹槽。Preferably, the friction plate is provided with a triangular groove.
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明通过设置的两组凸轮机构实现制动蹄整体的平行运动,使得摩擦片各区域摩擦面与制动鼓同步接触,制动均匀,摩擦效果很好,延长了摩擦片的使用寿命,通过设置的棘型触手既能够充当加强板又能够与滑块连接,实现制动蹄的平行滑动,通过设置在摩擦片上的三角形凹槽,能够有效避免粘滞于制动鼓上摩擦碎屑引起的刹车反应迟滞。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention realizes the parallel movement of the brake shoe as a whole through two sets of cam mechanisms, so that the friction surfaces of each area of the friction plate are in synchronous contact with the brake drum, and the braking is uniform. The friction effect is very good, which prolongs the service life of the friction plate. The ratchet-shaped tentacles provided can act as a reinforcing plate and can be connected with the slider to realize the parallel sliding of the brake shoes. Effectively avoid the sluggish braking response caused by friction debris sticking to the brake drum.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本发明结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;
图2为本发明制动底盘结构示意图;Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the brake chassis of the present invention;
图3为本发明制动蹄结构示意图;Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the brake shoe of the present invention;
图4为本发明A-A面视图。Figure 4 is an A-A side view of the present invention.
附图中,各标号所代表的部件列表如下:In the accompanying drawings, the list of components represented by each number is as follows:
1-制动鼓,2-制动蹄,201-第一制动蹄,202-第二制动蹄,203-棘型触手,3-制动底盘,301-盘体,3031-螺纹孔,302-滑槽,303-滑块,304-复位弹簧,4-安装片,5-摩擦片,51-梯形凹槽,6-凸轮一,7-凸轮二。1-brake drum, 2-brake shoe, 201-first brake shoe, 202-second brake shoe, 203-thorn-type tentacle, 3-brake chassis, 301-disc body, 3031-threaded hole, 302-chute, 303-slider, 304-return spring, 4-installation plate, 5-friction plate, 51-trapezoidal groove, 6-cam one, 7-cam two.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
请参阅图1-4,本发明提供一种技术方案:一种改进型制动蹄,包括有制动鼓1、制动蹄2和制动底盘3,制动鼓1设置于制动蹄2外围,制动蹄2包括有第一制动蹄201和第二制动蹄202,第一制动蹄201和第二制动蹄202对称滑动设置于制动底盘3上,第一制动蹄201顶部与第二制动蹄202顶部之间设置有凸轮一6,第一制动蹄201底部与第二制动蹄202底部之间设置有凸轮二7,凸轮一6和凸轮二7布置于制动底盘3上,凸轮一6和凸轮二7能够驱动第一制动蹄201和第二制动蹄202张合,使第一制动蹄201和第二制动蹄202均与制动鼓1内壁贴合摩擦作用,第一制动蹄201和第二制动蹄202上均设置有安装片4,安装片4上均设置有摩擦片5。1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: an improved brake shoe, comprising a
其中,制动底盘3包括有盘体301,盘体301上下对称设置有滑槽302,滑槽302内左右对称滑动卡接有滑块303,滑块303之间设置有复位弹簧304,该结构具有实现制动蹄自动复位的功能,滑块303上开设有螺纹孔3031,用来固接棘型触手203,滑块303与滑槽302经过润滑处理,减小摩擦,便于滑动,第一制动蹄201和第二制动蹄202上均对称设置有棘型触手203,棘型触手203有四组,每组棘型触手203通过螺钉紧固连接滑块303设置该结构既可以替代加强板,又可以连接滑块,实现制动蹄的稳定滑动,凸轮一6和凸轮二7对称设置,凸轮一6和凸轮二7通过外部驱动装置同步作用于与其连接的制动蹄2,具有使得制动蹄同步作用制动鼓的功能,摩擦片5上设置有梯形凹槽51,可将摩擦产生的碎屑压进凹槽,避免粘滞于制动鼓上的摩擦碎屑引起的刹车反应迟滞的问题。Among them, the
本实施例的一个具体应用为:本装置为一种改进型制动蹄,主要适用于机车制动,汽车制动时,脚踩刹车,刹车机构控制凸轮一6和凸轮二7同步转动,同步转动的凸轮一6和凸轮二7提供推动第一制动蹄201和第二制动蹄202运动的力,第一制动蹄201和第二制动蹄202受力向制动鼓1靠近直至摩擦片5贴合制动鼓1内壁,此过程,复位弹簧304受拉力向外伸长,同时积蓄能量,滑块303沿滑轨302向外端滑动,摩擦片5与制动鼓1内壁贴合产生摩擦阻力,摩擦阻力使得制动鼓1减速,机车开始减速制动,当不要制动时,驾驶员松开刹车,凸轮机构回复原位,同时,复位弹簧304提供滑块303收缩的力,滑块303带动两侧的制动蹄向内部运动,摩擦片5脱离制动鼓1,摩擦阻力消失,机车制动结束,本装置设计的棘型触手同时还能够充当制动蹄的加强板,使得制动蹄结构更稳固,设置于摩擦片5上的三角形凹槽51能够在压力作用下将摩擦产生的碎屑压紧凹槽口内,避免粘滞与制动鼓1上的碎屑引起刹车反应迟滞的问题。A specific application of this embodiment is as follows: the device is an improved brake shoe, which is mainly suitable for locomotive braking. When the automobile brakes, the foot steps on the brake, and the brake mechanism controls the cam one 6 and the cam two 7 to rotate synchronously, The rotating cam one 6 and the
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc. means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one aspect of the present invention. in one embodiment or example. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
以上公开的本发明优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本发明。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节,也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施方式。显然,根据本说明书的内容,可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例,是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用,从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明。本发明仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。The above-disclosed preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided only to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not exhaust all the details, nor do they limit the invention to only the described embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the contents of this specification. The present specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is to be limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
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CN110864057B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2025-06-10 | 杨晓炜 | Torsion type emergency braking and parking brake |
CN110966325B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-06-18 | 无锡翼友机车科技有限公司 | An electric bicycle and electric motorcycle drum brake structure with surface contact braking |
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