CN109487843B - Underwater open caisson heading machine and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Underwater open caisson heading machine and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109487843B CN109487843B CN201811525012.0A CN201811525012A CN109487843B CN 109487843 B CN109487843 B CN 109487843B CN 201811525012 A CN201811525012 A CN 201811525012A CN 109487843 B CN109487843 B CN 109487843B
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- open caisson
- rotary
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- slurry
- sealed cabin
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/28—Placing of hollow pipes or mould pipes by means arranged inside the piles or pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/08—Lowering or sinking caissons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/8808—Stationary installations, e.g. installations using spuds or other stationary supports
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
- E02F3/907—Measuring or control devices, e.g. control units, detection means or sensors
Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater open caisson tunneling machine and a construction method thereof, and solves the problems that the open caisson tunneling machine in the prior art is low in excavation efficiency, difficult to control excavation outline and easy to generate open caisson posture deflection. The invention comprises a supporting seat arranged in a lower part component of a vertical shaft, wherein the supporting seat is connected with a lifting device, a sealed cabin is arranged on the supporting seat, a slurry discharging system is arranged on the sealed cabin, a shoe supporting device is connected on the outer wall of the sealed cabin, a slewing mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the sealed cabin, a tunneling mechanism is arranged on the slewing mechanism, a lower slurry discharging pipe is arranged on the tunneling mechanism, and the lower slurry discharging pipe is connected with the slurry discharging system. The invention realizes mechanized controllable excavation, ensures accurate open caisson posture, has high underwater operation controllability, improves excavation efficiency, solves the problem that the conventional underwater excavation condition is uncontrollable and the open caisson posture is difficult to control, and has important significance for high-quality construction operation of open caissons, in particular to ultra-large-section multi-bin open caissons.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater tunnel construction, in particular to an underwater open caisson tunneling machine and a construction method thereof.
Background
An underwater open caisson heading machine is a special engineering machine, has the functions of excavating underwater rock and soil, discharging mud and water mixtures, detecting and controlling excavation contours, detecting open caisson depth and posture and the like, and relates to multi-subject technologies such as geology, civil engineering, machinery, hydraulic pressure, control, measurement and the like.
At present, the bridge pier of the large wading bridge is constructed by adopting a multi-bin open caisson method, so that the cost is low and the quality is good. But the conventional simple cutter suction mechanism has long distance, large flexibility, small support reaction force, low excavation efficiency, difficult control of excavation outline and easy generation of open caisson posture deflection problem, thereby influencing the construction efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides an underwater open caisson tunneling machine and a construction method thereof, and solves the problems that the open caisson tunneling machine in the prior art is low in excavation efficiency, difficult to control excavation profile and easy to generate open caisson posture deflection.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides an underwater open caisson development machine, includes the supporting seat that sets up in shaft lower part component, and the supporting seat is connected with hoisting device, be equipped with the sealed cabin on the supporting seat, be equipped with the pulp discharging system on the sealed cabin, be connected with on the outer wall of sealed cabin and prop the boots device, the lower part of sealed cabin is equipped with rotation mechanism, is equipped with driving mechanism on the rotation mechanism, is equipped with down the pulp discharging pipe on the driving mechanism, and down the pulp discharging pipe is connected with the pulp discharging system.
The slurry discharging system comprises a mixer and a rotary joint, wherein the mixer is arranged on the upper portion of the sealed cabin, the rotary joint is arranged inside the sealed cabin, an upper slurry discharging pipe and a gas pressing pipe are connected to the mixer, the upper slurry discharging pipe and the gas pressing pipe upwards penetrate through the supporting seat, the lower portion of the upper slurry discharging pipe is connected with the rotary joint, and the rotary joint is connected with the lower slurry discharging pipe through a flexible pipe.
The rotary mechanism comprises a rotary seat, the rotary seat is connected to the lower part of the sealed cabin, a rotary driving device is arranged in the sealed cabin, the rotary driving device is connected with the rotary seat and drives the rotary seat to rotate, and the tunneling mechanism is arranged on the rotary seat.
The tunneling mechanism comprises at least one working arm, the working arm is connected with the rotary seat through a swing arm oil cylinder, a telescopic arm is sleeved in the working arm and connected with the working arm through a telescopic oil cylinder, and a twisting suction head is arranged at the front end of the telescopic arm.
One side of the working arm is provided with a telescopic slurry pipe, one end of the telescopic slurry pipe is connected with the lower slurry discharging pipe, and the other end of the telescopic slurry pipe corresponds to the twisting suction head.
A twisting suction head driving device is arranged in the working arm and connected with the twisting suction head driving device, and the twisting suction head driving device provides power for rotation of the twisting suction head; and a sensor is arranged on the swing arm oil cylinder.
A plurality of shoe supporting devices are arranged on the outer wall of the sealed cabin along the circumferential direction, and sensors are arranged on the shoe supporting devices and the rotary seat.
The shoe supporting device comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve, the outer sleeve is connected to the outer wall of the sealed cabin, the inner sleeve is positioned inside the outer sleeve and is connected with the outer sleeve through a shoe supporting oil cylinder, and a shoe supporting plate is arranged on the outer end face of the outer sleeve.
The construction method of the underwater open caisson heading machine comprises the following steps: s1: placing the lower component of the open caisson at a designed coordinate position by adopting a tug or a large-scale floating crane, accurately positioning an anchor rope according to the requirement, injecting concrete into a cavity of the lower component of the open caisson, and primarily sinking the lower component of the open caisson under the action of gravity;
s2: on a water working platform, under the action of a lifting device, the underwater open caisson tunneling machine is lifted into a lower part component of the open caisson, the lifting device adopts double ropes to lift the underwater open caisson tunneling machine, and the adjusting posture is controlled, so that a support seat is positioned on an inner wall bearing platform preset by the lower part component of the open caisson; the power station and the control room are arranged on the water working platform, are connected with the power pipeline and the control pipeline, and are connected with the slurry discharging and air compressing pipeline.
S3: the shoe supporting device is controlled to extend out and tightly support the well wall, an air compressor on the water working platform is started, compressed air enters the mixer along the air compressing pipe, bubbles are formed in the slurry pipeline, water in the open caisson rises along the slurry pipeline under the action of density difference between the inner part and the outer part of the slurry pipeline, and the water is discharged out of the well shaft to establish mud water circulation; the water outside the open caisson shaft can enter the shaft through the reserved holes on the well wall.
S4: starting a twisting suction head, cutting the water-bed rock soil into small particles in the rotating process of the twisting suction head, enabling the small particles to enter a telescopic slurry pipe at the side part of the twisting suction head along with the flow of water in the open caisson, and circularly discharging the small particles to the outside of the open caisson along with muddy water; controlling the extension of the swing arm oil cylinder, adjusting the working radius of the wringing suction head, controlling the rotary seat of the rotary mechanism to carry out rotary motion, driving the working arm to rotate along the circumferential direction, wringing and sucking to cut off the rock and soil at the lower part in the shaft;
s5: controlling the working arm to extend out, repeating the step S4, and excavating rock and soil at the lower deep layer in the open caisson and the cutting edge of the lower part of the shaft; controlling the peripheral excavation quantity of the open caisson to be consistent according to the feedback information of the sensor; after the stepping excavation amount is completed, the telescopic oil cylinder and the swing arm oil cylinder are contracted, so that the telescopic arm is retracted into the working arm;
s6: filling water into the lower part of the open caisson or applying a weight to the upper part of the lower part of the open caisson, controlling the open caisson to stably sink, dismantling an upper pipeline, and additionally installing a shaft at the upper part of the open caisson to finish sinking of a section of shaft;
s7: repeating the steps S4-S6 to finish all sinking operations of the sinking well;
s8: retracting the working arm, retracting the swing arm oil cylinder, retracting the supporting shoe device, removing the upper pipeline, integrally lifting the underwater working device by using the lifting device, filling concrete into the bottom of the well by using the guide pipe, and sealing the bottom of the well underwater, thereby completing the excavation operation.
According to the invention, the winch suction head is adopted to excavate underwater rock and soil, the cut mud-water mixture is discharged out of the well in a gas lift reverse circulation mode, the winch suction head is arranged on the telescopic arm and controlled by the swing arm oil cylinder to swing radially, the working arm is arranged on the rotary seat and moves in a rotary way through the rotary seat, and the working arm has a telescopic function, so that the winch suction head covers the whole excavation surface of the open caisson. The sensors are arranged on the shoe supporting device, the swing arm oil cylinder and the rotary seat, so that the excavation profile in the well can be monitored. The invention realizes mechanized controllable excavation, ensures accurate open caisson posture, has high underwater operation controllability, improves excavation efficiency, solves the problem that the conventional underwater excavation condition is uncontrollable and the open caisson posture is difficult to control, and has important significance for high-quality construction operation of open caissons, in particular to ultra-large-section multi-bin open caissons.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the shoe device and the tunneling mechanism with the sealed cabin.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1-2, an underwater open caisson tunneling machine, comprising a supporting seat 5 arranged in a lower part component 2 of a vertical shaft, wherein the supporting seat is arranged on a bearing platform preset by the lower part component of the open caisson, the supporting seat 5 is connected with a lifting device, the lifting device can adopt a gantry crane or a large-scale floating crane, the supporting seat is hoisted by a double rope through a steel wire rope 7, the adjusting posture is controlled, the supporting seat is arranged on the bearing platform preset by the lower part component of the open caisson, and a pump station and a control room are arranged at the upper part of the open caisson. The upper part of the supporting seat is connected with a steel wire rope, and after the supporting shoe and the working arm retract, the whole equipment can be quickly lifted out through the steel wire rope. The lower part of the supporting seat 5 is provided with a sealed cabin 11, a slurry discharging system is arranged on the sealed cabin 11, the outer wall of the sealed cabin 11 is connected with a shoe supporting device 12, and the shoe supporting devices are arranged along the periphery of the sealed cabin and are provided with a plurality of groups to play a role in stabilizing the sealed cabin. The lower part of the sealed cabin 11 is provided with a rotary mechanism, the rotary mechanism is provided with a tunneling mechanism, the tunneling mechanism realizes self rotation through the rotary mechanism, the effect of covering the excavation area is achieved, the tunneling mechanism is provided with a lower slurry discharging pipe 18, the lower slurry discharging pipe 18 is connected with a slurry discharging system, and the cut mud-water mixture is discharged out of the well in a gas lift reverse circulation mode.
Further, the slurry discharging system comprises a mixer 10 and a rotary joint 19, wherein the mixer 10 is arranged at the upper part of the sealed cabin 11, the rotary joint 19 is arranged at the bottom of the inside of the sealed cabin 11, the mixer 10 is connected with an upper slurry discharging pipe 8 and a gas pressing pipe 9, the upper slurry discharging pipe 8 and the gas pressing pipe 9 upwards penetrate through the supporting seat 5 and extend to the outside of the open caisson, the lower part of the upper slurry discharging pipe 8 is connected with the rotary joint 19, and the rotary joint 19 is connected with the lower slurry discharging pipe 18 through a flexible pipe. The lower slurry discharging pipe 18, the rotary joint 19 and the upper slurry discharging pipe 8 form a slurry pipeline for discharging slurry in the open caisson. The rotary joint is arranged in the sealing bin, and the upper slurry discharging pipe is connected from the upper part of the sealing bin, is connected from the lower part of the sealing bin through the rotary joint and is connected with the lower slurry discharging pipe on the working arm through a flexible pipeline. The rotary mechanism comprises a rotary seat 13, the rotary seat 13 is connected to the lower part of the sealed cabin 11, a rotary driving device is arranged in the sealed cabin 11, the rotary driving device is connected with the rotary seat 13 and drives the rotary seat 13 to rotate, and the tunneling mechanism is arranged on the rotary seat 13. The rotary driving device drives the tunneling mechanism to perform rotary motion through the rotary seat 13. The power and control pipeline is connected into the sealed cabin through the sealed joint, and a control box, a lubricating device and a distribution valve group are arranged in the sealed cabin.
Embodiment 2 as shown in fig. 3, an underwater open caisson tunneling machine, the tunneling mechanism comprises at least one working arm 14, and one or two working arms 14 can be arranged according to the excavation diameter. A working arm 14 is arranged at the center of the rotary base; the working arm 14 is connected with the rotary seat 13 through a swing arm oil cylinder 15, radial swing of the working arm is realized through the swing arm oil cylinder, a telescopic arm 20 is sleeved in the working arm 14, the telescopic arm 20 is connected with the working arm 14 through a telescopic oil cylinder 21, and a twisting suction head 17 is arranged at the front end of the telescopic arm 20. The telescopic oil cylinder is used for realizing the telescopic operation of the working arm and changing the excavation diameter. The composite motion of the mechanism can control the digging of the twisting suction head to the rock and soil 1 at the lower part of the sinking well with the circular and rectangular cross section.
Further, a flexible slurry pipe 16 is disposed at one side of the working arm 14, the flexible slurry pipe 16 is a flexible pipe, the flexible function is realized under the action of the flexible arm, one end of the flexible slurry pipe 16 is connected with the lower slurry discharging pipe 18, and the other end corresponds to the wringing suction head 17, i.e. the rock and soil cut by the wringing suction head is absorbed in time. A twisting suction head driving device is arranged in the working arm 14, the twisting suction head 17 is connected with the twisting suction head driving device, and the twisting suction head driving device provides power for the rotation of the twisting suction head 17 to drive the twisting suction head to rotate so as to realize the cutting of rock; the driving of the twisting suction head is arranged inside the working arm and is sealed by a gland and a sealing structure, and the shaft end of the driving twisting suction head is provided with the sealing structure for preventing water. A sensor is arranged on the swing arm cylinder 15. The outer wall of the sealed cabin 11 is provided with a plurality of supporting shoe devices 12 along the circumferential direction, and the supporting shoe devices 12 and the rotary seat 13 are respectively provided with a sensor, so that the excavation profile in the well can be monitored, and the excavation profile can be timely adjusted and ensured.
Further, the shoe supporting device 12 comprises an outer sleeve 121 and an inner sleeve 122, the outer sleeve 121 is connected to the outer wall of the sealed cabin 11, the inner sleeve 122 is located inside the outer sleeve 121 and is connected with the outer sleeve 121 through a shoe supporting cylinder 123, a shoe supporting plate 124 is arranged on the outer end face of the outer sleeve 121 and is used for supporting the lower part of the sinking well, the stress area is increased, the pressure intensity is reduced, a cylinder is connected between the outer sleeve and the inner support, and the inner sleeve 122 can extend or retract relative to the outer sleeve 121 under the action of the cylinder.
Other structures are the same as in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3, a construction method of an underwater open caisson tunneling machine, comprising the following steps: s1: placing the lower member 2 of the open caisson at a designed coordinate position by adopting a tug or a large-scale floating crane, accurately positioning an anchor rope according to the requirement, injecting concrete into a cavity of the lower member 2 of the open caisson, and performing preliminary sinking of the lower member 2 of the open caisson under the action of gravity;
s2: on a water working platform, under the action of a lifting device, the underwater open caisson tunneling machine is lifted into the lower part component 2 of the open caisson, the lifting device adopts double ropes to lift the underwater open caisson tunneling machine, and the adjusting-in posture is controlled, so that the supporting seat 5 falls on an inner wall bearing platform preset by the lower part component 2 of the open caisson; the power station and the control room are arranged on the water working platform, are connected with the power pipeline and the control pipeline, and are connected with the slurry discharging and air compressing pipeline.
S3: the shoe supporting device 12 is controlled to extend out and tightly support the well wall, an air compressor on a water working platform is started, compressed air enters the mixer 10 along the air compressing pipe 9, bubbles are formed in the slurry pipeline, water in the open caisson ascends along the slurry pipeline (the telescopic slurry pipe 16, the lower slurry discharging pipe, the rotary joint and the upper slurry discharging pipe form the slurry pipeline) under the effect of density difference between the inner part and the outer part of the slurry pipeline, and the slurry is discharged out of the well shaft to establish slurry circulation; the water outside the open caisson shaft can enter the shaft through the reserved holes on the well wall.
S4: starting the twisting suction head 17, cutting the water-bed rock soil into small particles in the rotating process of the twisting suction head 17, enabling the small particles to enter a telescopic slurry pipe 16 at the side part of the twisting suction head 17 along with the flow of water in the open caisson, and discharging the small particles to the outside of the open caisson along with the circulation of muddy water; controlling the extension of the swing arm cylinder 15, adjusting the working radius of the winch suction head 17, controlling the rotary seat 13 of the rotary mechanism to carry out rotary motion, driving the working arm 14 to rotate along the circumferential direction, and winch suction cutting off the rock and soil at the lower part in the shaft;
s5: controlling the working arm 14 to extend, repeating the step S4, and excavating rock and soil at the lower deep layer in the open caisson and the cutting edge at the lower part of the shaft; controlling the peripheral excavation quantity of the open caisson to be consistent according to the feedback information of the sensor; after the stepping excavation amount is completed, the telescopic oil cylinder 21 and the swing arm oil cylinder 15 are contracted, so that the telescopic arm 20 is retracted into the working arm 14;
s6: filling water into the lower part component 2 of the open caisson or applying a weight on the upper part of the lower part component, controlling the open caisson to stably sink, dismantling an upper pipeline, and additionally installing a shaft on the upper part of the open caisson to finish sinking of a section of shaft 6;
s7: repeating the steps S4-S6 to finish all sinking operations of the sinking well;
s8: retracting the working arm 14, retracting the swing arm oil cylinder 15, retracting the shoe supporting device 12, removing the upper pipeline, lifting the whole underwater working device by using the lifting device, filling concrete into the bottom of the well by using the guide pipe, and sealing the bottom of the well underwater, thereby completing the excavation operation.
Other structures are the same as those of embodiment 2.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an open caisson development machine under water, includes supporting seat (5) that set up in open caisson lower part component (2), and supporting seat (5) are connected its characterized in that with hoisting device: the support seat (5) is provided with a sealed cabin (11), the sealed cabin (11) is provided with a slurry discharging system, the outer wall of the sealed cabin (11) is connected with a supporting shoe device (12), the lower part of the sealed cabin (11) is provided with a rotary mechanism, the rotary mechanism is provided with a tunneling mechanism, the tunneling mechanism is provided with a lower slurry discharging pipe (18), and the lower slurry discharging pipe (18) is connected with the slurry discharging system;
the supporting seat (5) is hoisted by double ropes, and the adjusting posture is controlled, so that the supporting seat is positioned on a bearing platform preset by a lower component of the sinking well; a reserved hole is formed in the wall of the shaft (6), and water outside the open caisson shaft can enter the shaft through the reserved hole in the wall of the shaft; the supporting shoe devices are provided with sensors for monitoring the excavation profile in the well and timely adjusting the excavation profile so as to ensure the excavation profile;
the slurry discharging system comprises a mixer (10) and a rotary joint (19), wherein the mixer (10) is arranged on the upper portion of a sealed cabin (11), the rotary joint (19) is arranged inside the sealed cabin (11), an upper slurry discharging pipe (8) and a gas pressing pipe (9) are connected to the mixer (10), the upper slurry discharging pipe (8) and the gas pressing pipe (9) upwards penetrate through a supporting seat (5), the lower portion of the upper slurry discharging pipe (8) is connected with the rotary joint (19), and the rotary joint (19) is connected with a lower slurry discharging pipe (18) through a flexible pipe.
2. An underwater open caisson development machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotary mechanism comprises a rotary seat (13), the rotary seat (13) is connected to the lower portion of the sealed cabin (11), a rotary driving device is arranged in the sealed cabin (11), the rotary driving device is connected with the rotary seat (13) and drives the rotary seat (13) to rotate, and the tunneling mechanism is installed on the rotary seat (13).
3. An underwater open caisson development machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the tunneling mechanism comprises at least one working arm (14), the working arm (14) is connected with a rotary seat (13) through a swing arm oil cylinder (15), a telescopic arm (20) is sleeved in the working arm (14), the telescopic arm (20) is connected with the working arm (14) through a telescopic oil cylinder (21), and a twisting suction head (17) is arranged at the front end of the telescopic arm (20).
4. An underwater open caisson development machine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: one side of the working arm (14) is provided with a telescopic slurry pipe (16), one end of the telescopic slurry pipe (16) is connected with a lower slurry discharging pipe (18), and the other end of the telescopic slurry pipe is corresponding to the twisting suction head (17).
5. An underwater open caisson development machine according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: a twisting suction head driving device is arranged in the working arm (14), the twisting suction head (17) is connected with the twisting suction head driving device, and the twisting suction head driving device provides power for rotation of the twisting suction head (17); and a sensor is arranged on the swing arm oil cylinder (15).
6. An underwater open caisson heading machine as claimed in claim 1 or 3 or 4, characterized in that: a plurality of shoe supporting devices (12) are arranged on the outer wall of the sealed cabin (11) along the circumferential direction, and sensors are arranged on the shoe supporting devices (12) and the rotary seat (13).
7. An underwater open caisson development machine as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the shoe supporting device (12) comprises an outer sleeve (121) and an inner sleeve (122), the outer sleeve (121) is connected to the outer wall of the sealed cabin (11), the inner sleeve (122) is located inside the outer sleeve (121) and is connected with the outer sleeve (121) through a shoe supporting oil cylinder (123), and a shoe supporting plate (124) is arranged on the outer end face of the outer sleeve (121).
8. A construction method of an underwater open caisson heading machine as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: s1: placing the lower part component (2) of the open caisson at a designed coordinate position by adopting a tug or a large-scale floating crane, accurately positioning an anchor rope according to the requirement, injecting concrete into a cavity of the lower part component (2) of the open caisson, and performing preliminary sinking of the lower part component (2) of the open caisson under the action of gravity;
s2: on a water working platform, under the action of a lifting device, the underwater open caisson tunneling machine is lifted into a lower part component (2) of the open caisson, the lifting device adopts double ropes to lift the underwater open caisson tunneling machine, and the adjusting-in posture is controlled, so that a supporting seat (5) falls on an inner wall bearing platform preset by the lower part component (2) of the open caisson;
s3: the supporting shoe device (12) is controlled to extend out and tightly support the well wall, an air compressor on the water working platform is started, compressed air enters the mixer (10) along the air compressing pipe (9), bubbles are formed in the slurry pipeline, water in the open caisson ascends along the slurry pipeline under the action of the density difference between the inside and the outside of the slurry pipeline, and the water is discharged out of the well shaft to establish mud water circulation;
s4: starting a twisting suction head (17), cutting water and ground into small particles in the rotating process of the twisting suction head (17), enabling the small particles to enter a telescopic slurry pipe (16) at the side part of the twisting suction head (17) along with the flow of water in the open caisson, and discharging the small particles to the outside of the open caisson along with the circulation of muddy water; controlling the extension of a swing arm oil cylinder (15), adjusting the working radius of a winch suction head (17), controlling a rotary seat (13) of a rotary mechanism to carry out rotary motion, driving a working arm (14) to rotate along the circumferential direction, and winch-sucking and cutting off rock and soil at the lower part in a shaft;
s5: controlling the working arm (14) to extend out, repeating the step S4, and excavating rock and soil at the lower deep layer in the open caisson and the cutting edge at the lower part of the shaft; controlling the peripheral excavation quantity of the open caisson to be consistent according to the feedback information of the sensor; after the stepping excavation amount is completed, the telescopic oil cylinder (21) and the swing arm oil cylinder (15) are contracted, so that the telescopic arm (20) is retracted into the working arm (14);
s6: filling water into the lower part component (2) of the open caisson or applying a weight on the upper part of the lower part component, controlling the open caisson to stably sink, dismantling an upper pipeline, and additionally installing a shaft on the upper part of the open caisson to finish sinking of a section of shaft;
s7: repeating the steps S4-S6 to finish all sinking operations of the sinking well;
s8: retracting the working arm (14), retracting the swing arm oil cylinder (15), retracting the supporting shoe device (12), dismantling an upper pipeline, integrally lifting the underwater working device by using the lifting device, filling concrete into the bottom of the well by using the guide pipe, and sealing the bottom of the well underwater, thereby completing the excavating operation.
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| CN201811525012.0A CN109487843B (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2018-12-13 | Underwater open caisson heading machine and construction method thereof |
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| CN201811525012.0A CN109487843B (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2018-12-13 | Underwater open caisson heading machine and construction method thereof |
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| CN109487843B true CN109487843B (en) | 2023-08-15 |
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| CN110258699A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-09-20 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | A kind of inner supporting type vertically tunnels drawing out soil equipment |
| CN110528550A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-12-03 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | The hard soil layer in caisson cutting edge position is broken and slag cleaning device and its construction method |
| CN111139855A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-12 | 孙华章 | Bottom concrete caisson capable of self-weight forced landing and construction method |
| CN111206930B (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2022-04-15 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Variable-section vertical shaft excavation equipment and construction method |
| CN111733856B (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2021-08-03 | 安徽杰智建设工程有限公司 | Open caisson construction method |
| CN112982529A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-06-18 | 湖南中天青鼎工程科技股份有限公司 | Efficient and safe tailing pond radiation well digging device and construction process |
| CN113216295A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-06 | 肖磊 | Open caisson dado digging device for power transmission line iron tower |
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| CN109487843A (en) | 2019-03-19 |
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