CN109486505B - Device and method for separating heavy components from ethane cracking products - Google Patents
Device and method for separating heavy components from ethane cracking products Download PDFInfo
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- CN109486505B CN109486505B CN201710822896.5A CN201710822896A CN109486505B CN 109486505 B CN109486505 B CN 109486505B CN 201710822896 A CN201710822896 A CN 201710822896A CN 109486505 B CN109486505 B CN 109486505B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G5/00—Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas
- C10G5/06—Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas by cooling or compressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
- B01D17/0211—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with baffles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
- B01D17/045—Breaking emulsions with coalescers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G33/06—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with mechanical means, e.g. by filtration
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of ethylene and related technologies, and particularly relates to a device and a method for separating heavy components from an ethane cracking product. The device comprises a quenching water tower, an oil-water separation tank and a heavy oil tank; the quenching water tower is communicated with a raw material pyrolysis gas feeding pipeline, a heavy oil discharge port is formed in the bottom of the quenching water tower and is communicated with a heavy oil tank, the side part of the quenching water tower is communicated with an oil-water separation tank through a lateral line discharge pipeline, and a pyrolysis gas outlet is formed in the top of the quenching water tower; the bottom of the quenching water tower is provided with a plurality of quenching water pumping outlets, and the upper part and the middle part of the quenching water tower are provided with quenching water returning ports; the oil-water separation tank is communicated with the heavy oil tank through at least one discharge line, the side part of the oil-water separation tank is provided with a process water extraction outlet, and the bottom of the oil-water separation tank is provided with a product extraction outlet. Compared with the quenching zone of the traditional ethylene device, the invention has the advantages of simple and direct flow, simple operation, small equipment quantity and investment saving, and can simultaneously separate heavy oil, fuel oil and part of gasoline components from ethane cracking products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ethylene and related technologies, and particularly relates to a device and a method for separating heavy components from an ethane cracking product.
Background
The cracking raw materials of the ethylene device mainly comprise ethane, propane light hydrocarbon, saturated LPG, naphtha, hydrogenation tail oil, light diesel oil and the like, and the lighter the raw materials are, the higher the yield of ethylene is and the lower the energy consumption of the device is. The yield of ethylene (about 80%) is highest when ethane is used as cracking raw material, the energy consumption is lowest, and along with the development of shale gas and oil field associated gas all over the world, the ethane cracking process has wide application.
The main raw materials of the domestic existing ethylene device are naphtha, hydrogenated tail oil and the like, the cracking product contains a large amount of gasoline, diesel oil and fuel oil components, a quenching zone is provided with a quenching oil tower, a quenching water tower, a gasoline stripping tower and light and heavy fuel oil stripping towers, the quenching oil tower and the light and heavy fuel oil stripping towers are used for separating the diesel oil and the fuel oil components, and the quenching water tower and the gasoline stripping tower are used for separating the gasoline components. The ethane cracking product is mainly composed of light hydrocarbon components below C3s, the components of gasoline, diesel oil, fuel oil and heavy oil are very low, the circulation of quenching oil and coil oil in a quenching system can not be established, hydrocarbons separated from a quenching oil tower and a quenching water tower are few, the separation effect of a stripping tower is not obvious, the investment waste of equipment is serious, and therefore the quenching system of the traditional ethylene device is not suitable for use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that a means for separating heavy components from ethane cracking products is lacked in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for separating the heavy components from the ethane cracking products. The method has the advantages of simple and direct flow, simple operation, small equipment quantity and investment saving, and can separate gasoline, fuel oil and heavy oil components from the ethane cracking product at the same time.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an apparatus for separating heavy components from an ethane cracked product, comprising a quench water tower, a water-oil separation tank and a heavy oil tank;
the quenching water tower is communicated with a raw material pyrolysis gas feeding pipeline, a heavy oil discharge port is formed in the bottom of the quenching water tower and is communicated with a heavy oil tank, the side part of the quenching water tower is communicated with an oil-water separation tank through a lateral line discharge pipeline, and a pyrolysis gas outlet is formed in the top of the quenching water tower; the bottom of the quenching water tower is provided with a plurality of quenching water pumping outlets, and the upper part and the middle part of the quenching water tower are provided with quenching water returning ports;
the oil-water separation tank is communicated with the heavy oil tank through at least one discharge line, the side part of the oil-water separation tank is provided with a process water extraction outlet, and the bottom of the oil-water separation tank is provided with a product extraction outlet.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a connector inside the quenching water extraction port extends upwards, and the other end of the connector is communicated with a quenching water pump.
Preferably, the heavy oil discharge port is arranged at the lowest point of the bottom of the quenching water tower and is communicated with the inlet at one side of the heavy oil tank.
Preferably, the side surface of the lower part of the quenching water tower at the higher position is opened and is communicated with the inlet of the oil-water separation tank through a side line discharge pipeline.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oil-water separation tank is provided therein with a gathering member and a partition plate, dividing the tank inner space into three parts: one side close to the coalescence component is a buffer side, one side close to the partition plate is a light oil side, and a water side is arranged between the coalescence component and the partition plate; the bottom of each tank is respectively provided with a discharge line, the discharge lines at the buffer side and the water side are communicated with the inlet of the heavy oil tank, and the discharge line at the light oil side is communicated with the gasoline pump.
Preferably, the process water production outlet is arranged in the middle of the side wall of the water side and is communicated with a process water system.
Preferably, the oil-water separation tank inlet is positioned at the buffer side; and the tank top of the oil-water separation tank is provided with a balance line communicated with the lower part of the quenching water tower.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the top of the heavy oil tank is communicated with the oil-water separation tank and the kettle of the quenching water tower, and the bottom of the heavy oil tank is communicated with the heavy oil pump.
The present invention also provides a process for separating heavies from an ethane cracked product, the process being carried out in an apparatus as described above, the process comprising:
cooling pyrolysis gas from a cracking furnace, sending the cooled pyrolysis gas into a quenching water tower for further cooling, condensing dilution steam and heavy components in the pyrolysis gas, discharging condensed heavy oil from the bottom of the quenching water tower to a heavy oil tank, pumping out quenching water from a tower kettle, sending the quenching water into a quenching water circulation, sending a mixture containing gasoline, fuel oil and process water into an oil-water separation tank for further separation through coalescence and sedimentation, sending the separated process water into a process water system, and sending the separated gasoline and fuel oil into a downstream device or sending the gasoline and fuel oil out of a boundary region.
Preferably, heavy components in the pyrolysis gas are brought to a tower kettle of a quenching water tower by quenching water, heavy oil components sink to the lowest layer of the tower bottom and are discharged into a heavy oil tank, and the quenching water enters quenching water circulation through a quenching water extraction port; the oil-water mixture is pumped out from the lower part of the quenching water tower and sent into an oil-water separation tank.
Under the condition that a gathering component and a clapboard are arranged in the oil-water separation tank; the mixture containing gasoline, fuel oil and process water enters an oil-water separation tank from one side, is buffered by the steady flow of the oil-water separation tank, passes through a gathering member, and is subjected to standing separation in the middle of the oil-water separation tank; the heaviest heavy oil component is settled to the bottom of the oil-water separation tank from the middle part of the oil-water separation tank and then is discharged into a heavy oil tank; the second-heavy water is enriched above the heavy oil component and is discharged to a process water system from a process water extraction port on the side wall of the oil-water separation tank, and the boundary position of the water in the middle of the oil-water separation tank is not higher than the upper edge of the partition plate and is not lower than the bottom surface of the tank; the lightest hydrocarbon floats at the top, overflows to the other side of the oil-water separation tank through a partition plate, and is sent to a downstream device or a discharge boundary area through a discharge line; the buffer side discharges heavy oil accumulated at the bottom into the heavy oil tank through a discharge line.
One specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows: pyrolysis gas is cooled by a series of cooling means from an outlet of a waste boiler of a cracking furnace, then enters a quenching water tower, is cooled to about 40 ℃ by quenching water, gasoline, fuel oil and heavy oil components in the pyrolysis gas are brought into the lower part of the quenching water tower by the quenching water, the heavy oil components sink into the bottommost part of the quenching water tower due to density difference, and flow into a heavy oil tank through a low-point heavy oil discharge port at the bottom of the quenching water tower, the quenching water is above the heavy oil, and is sent into quenching water circulation through a quenching water pump through a quenching water suction port at the bottom of the tower, and the gasoline and the fuel oil components are at the top and are pumped into an oil-water separation tank from.
The oil-water separating tank is provided with a gathering member and a partition plate, the tank is divided into three parts, namely a buffering side, a water side and a light oil side, an oil-water mixture pumped from a quenching water tower flows into the buffering side of the oil-water separating tank, the oil-water mixture enters the water side of the tank through the gathering member after the space in the tank at the side is stabilized, a small amount of hydrocarbons in liquid are gathered into large liquid drops from the small liquid drops, the separation rate is accelerated under the action of gravity, a small amount of heavy oil components sink into the tank bottom and are discharged into a heavy oil tank through a discharge port at the tank bottom, water is enriched in the middle of the tank and is pumped out from an opening on the side wall of the tank and sent into a process water system, the gasoline with the minimum density and the light and heavy fuel oil float above the water, when the liquid level at the top is higher than the partition plate between the water side and the light. In the process, the upper and lower boundary positions of water are not higher than the upper edge of the partition plate and not lower than the bottom surface of the oil-water separation tank, and hydrocarbons on the light oil side are pumped into a downstream device or are sent out of the boundary area through a tank bottom discharge port on the light oil side by a pump.
Compared with the quenching zone of the traditional ethylene device, the invention has the advantages of simple and direct flow, simple operation, small equipment quantity and investment saving, and can simultaneously separate heavy oil, fuel oil and part of gasoline components from ethane cracking products.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention for separating heavies from an ethane cracked product.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for separating heavy components from an ethane cracked product according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the opening at the bottom of the quench tower of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1, a quench water tower; 2, an oil-water separation tank; 3, a heavy oil tank; 4 heavy oil pump; 5 gasoline pump; 6 cracking gas of raw materials; 7 cooling the cracked gas; 8 returning quenching water to the upper section; 9, returning quenching water to the middle section; 10, extracting quenching water; 11 heavy oil; 12, processing water; 13 gasoline, fuel oil; 14-polymerization structural member; 15 a partition plate; 16 heavy oil discharge ports; 17 quenching water withdrawal port.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus for separating heavy components from ethane cracked product comprises a quenching water tower 1, a water-oil separating tank 2 and a heavy oil tank 3;
the quenching water tower 1 is communicated with a raw material pyrolysis gas feeding pipeline, the bottom of the quenching water tower 1 is provided with a heavy oil discharge port 16 which is communicated with a heavy oil tank 3, the side part of the quenching water tower is communicated with an oil-water separation tank 2 through a lateral line discharge pipeline, and the top of the quenching water tower is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet; the bottom of the quenching water tower 1 is provided with a plurality of quenching water pumping outlets 17, the upper part of the quenching water tower is provided with a return port for returning quenching water 8 from the upper section, and the middle part of the quenching water tower is provided with a return port for returning quenching water 9 from the middle section; the oil-water separation tank 2 is communicated with the heavy oil tank 3 through two discharge lines, a process water extraction outlet is arranged on the side part, and a product extraction outlet is arranged at the bottom part.
Wherein, the interface internal connecting pipe of the quenching water extraction port 17 extends upwards, and the other end of the connecting pipe is communicated with a quenching water pump (not shown); the heavy oil discharge port 16 is arranged at the lowest point of the bottom of the quenching water tower 1 and is communicated with an inlet at one side of the heavy oil tank 3; the side surface of the lower part of the quenching water tower 1 at the higher position is opened and is communicated with the inlet of the oil-water separation tank 2 through a lateral line discharge pipeline. The quenching water withdrawal port 17 and the heavy oil discharge port 16 are disposed as shown in fig. 3.
The inside polymer structure 14 and the baffle 15 that are provided with of oil water separating tank 2 divide into the triplex with the tank inner space: one side close to the coalescence structural member is a buffer side, one side close to the partition plate is a light oil side, and a water side is arranged between the coalescence structural member 14 and the partition plate 15; the bottom of each part of the tank is respectively provided with a discharge line, the discharge lines at the buffer side and the water side are communicated with the inlet of the heavy oil tank, and the discharge line at the light oil side is communicated with the gasoline pump 5; the process water production outlet is arranged in the middle of the side wall of the water side and is communicated with a process water system; the inlet of the oil-water separation tank 2 is positioned at the buffer side; and the tank top of the oil-water separation tank 2 is provided with a balance line which is communicated with the lower part of the quenching water tower 1.
The top of the heavy oil tank 3 is communicated with the oil-water separation tank 2 and the tower kettle of the quenching water tower 1, and the bottom is communicated with the heavy oil pump 4.
In operation, a method for separating heavy components from an ethane cracked product comprises:
pyrolysis gas from a cracking furnace is cooled by necessary cooling equipment and then is sent into a quenching water tower 1, in the quenching water tower 1, circulating quenching water further cools the pyrolysis gas to about 40 ℃, diluted steam and heavy components in the pyrolysis gas are brought into the lower part of the quenching water tower 1 by the quenching water, condensed heavy oil components sink into the bottommost part of the quenching water tower due to the difference of density and flow into a heavy oil tank 3 through a low-point heavy oil discharge port 16 at the bottom of the quenching water tower 1, the quenching water is above the heavy oil and is sent into the quenching water circulation through a quenching water pump at a quenching water suction port 17 at the bottom of the tower, and gasoline and light and heavy fuel oil components are at the top and are pumped out from the side surface of the higher position at the lower part of the quenching water tower 1 to an oil.
The mixture entering the oil-water separation tank 2 contains gasoline, fuel oil, process water and a very small amount of heavy oil dissolved in water, is buffered by the steady flow of the tank, passes through a gathering component 14, and is kept stand and separated in the middle of the tank; the hydrocarbons are aggregated into large droplets from the small droplets, and the heaviest heavy oil components are settled to the bottom at the heavy oil side under the action of gravity and are discharged into a heavy oil tank 3 through a tank bottom discharge line; the second heavy water is enriched in the middle and is discharged to a process water system from an opening in the middle of the tank; the lightest hydrocarbon floats at the top, overflows to the light oil side of the tank through a partition plate 15, and is sent to a downstream device or a sending boundary area through a gasoline pump 5; the buffer side discharges a small amount of heavy oil accumulated at the bottom for a long time into the heavy oil tank 3 through a discharge line; wherein, the boundary position of the water in the middle of the oil-water separation tank 2 is not higher than the upper edge of the clapboard 15 and is not lower than the bottom surface of the tank.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (9)
1. An apparatus for separating heavy components from an ethane cracked product, characterized in that the apparatus comprises a quench water tower, an oil-water separation tank and a heavy oil tank;
the quenching water tower is communicated with a raw material pyrolysis gas feeding pipeline, a heavy oil discharge port is formed in the bottom of the quenching water tower and is communicated with a heavy oil tank, the side part of the quenching water tower is communicated with an oil-water separation tank through a lateral line discharge pipeline, and a pyrolysis gas outlet is formed in the top of the quenching water tower; the bottom of the quenching water tower is provided with a plurality of quenching water pumping outlets, and the upper part and the middle part of the quenching water tower are provided with quenching water returning ports;
the inside polymeric structure spare and the baffle of being provided with of oil water separation jar divide into the triplex with jar inner space: one side close to the coalescence component is a buffer side, one side close to the partition plate is a light oil side, and a water side is arranged between the coalescence component and the partition plate; the bottom of each part of the tank is respectively provided with a discharge line, the discharge lines at the buffer side and the water side are communicated with the inlet of the heavy oil tank, and the discharge line at the light oil side is communicated with the gasoline pump; the oil-water separation tank is provided with a process water extraction outlet at the side part and a product extraction outlet at the bottom part.
2. The apparatus for separating a heavy component from an ethane-cracked product as claimed in claim 1, wherein a nipple inside a mouth of said quenching water withdrawing port is upwardly protruded, and the other end of the nipple is communicated with a quenching water pump.
3. The apparatus for separating heavier components from ethane cracked product as claimed in claim 1 wherein said heavy oil discharge is located at the lowest point of the bottom of said quench tower and is in communication with said heavy oil tank side inlet.
4. The apparatus for separating heavier components from ethane cracked product as claimed in claim 1 wherein said quench water tower is open at a lower, higher level side communicating with said miscella inlet through a side draw.
5. The apparatus for separating heavier components from an ethane cracked product as claimed in claim 1 wherein said process water take-off is disposed in the middle of the water side wall and is in communication with a process water system.
6. The apparatus for separating heavier components from an ethane cracked product as claimed in claim 1 wherein said miscella inlet is located on said surge side; and the tank top of the oil-water separation tank is provided with a balance line communicated with the lower part of the quenching water tower.
7. The apparatus for separating heavier components from ethane cracked product as claimed in claim 1 wherein the heavy oil tank is connected at the top to a de-oiling tank and quench water tower still and at the bottom to a heavy oil pump.
8. A process for separating heavy components from an ethane cracked product, characterized in that the process is carried out in an apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, the process comprising:
cooling pyrolysis gas from a cracking furnace, sending the cooled pyrolysis gas into a quenching water tower for further cooling, condensing dilution steam and heavy components in the pyrolysis gas, discharging condensed heavy oil from the bottom of the quenching water tower to a heavy oil tank, pumping out quenching water from a tower kettle, sending the quenching water into a quenching water circulation, sending a mixture containing gasoline, fuel oil and process water into an oil-water separation tank for further separation through coalescence and sedimentation, sending the separated process water into a process water system, and sending the separated gasoline and fuel oil into a downstream device or sending the gasoline and fuel oil out of a boundary region.
9. The method for separating heavy components from an ethane cracked product as claimed in claim 8, wherein the inside of the fuel water separator tank is provided with a coalescing element and a partition;
the mixture containing gasoline, fuel oil and process water enters an oil-water separation tank from one side, is buffered by the steady flow of the oil-water separation tank, passes through a gathering member, and is subjected to standing separation in the middle of the oil-water separation tank; the heaviest heavy oil component is settled to the bottom of the oil-water separation tank from the middle part of the oil-water separation tank and then is discharged into a heavy oil tank; the second-heavy water is enriched above the heavy oil component and is discharged to a process water system from a process water extraction port on the side wall of the oil-water separation tank, and the boundary position of the water in the middle of the oil-water separation tank is not higher than the upper edge of the partition plate and is not lower than the bottom surface of the tank; the lightest hydrocarbon floats at the top, overflows to the other side of the oil-water separation tank through a partition plate, and is sent to a downstream device or a discharge boundary area through a discharge line; the buffer side discharges heavy oil accumulated at the bottom into the heavy oil tank through a discharge line.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710822896.5A CN109486505B (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | Device and method for separating heavy components from ethane cracking products |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710822896.5A CN109486505B (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | Device and method for separating heavy components from ethane cracking products |
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| CN109486505A CN109486505A (en) | 2019-03-19 |
| CN109486505B true CN109486505B (en) | 2021-01-08 |
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| CN101948698A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-01-19 | 天津大学 | Novel energy-saving device for condensing and recovering oil shale in retorting oil gas and method |
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