CN109482715B - Bidirectional gradient punching device and gear blank machining process - Google Patents
Bidirectional gradient punching device and gear blank machining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109482715B CN109482715B CN201910049569.XA CN201910049569A CN109482715B CN 109482715 B CN109482715 B CN 109482715B CN 201910049569 A CN201910049569 A CN 201910049569A CN 109482715 B CN109482715 B CN 109482715B
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- punch
- die
- sleeve
- gear blank
- punching
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
- B21D28/24—Perforating, i.e. punching holes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D45/00—Ejecting or stripping-off devices arranged in machines or tools dealt with in this subclass
- B21D45/02—Ejecting devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention provides a bidirectional gradient punching device and a gear blank processing technology, wherein a female die and a male die are exchanged, the male die where a punched punch is positioned is changed into a stationary die, the female die is designed to move and extrude relative to the male die, and the uniform punching of a stepped punch assembly is matched, so that after the gear blank is punched in a lightening hole, the gear blank is still sleeved on the punch, the gear blank is ejected out of the punch through an ejection mechanism, the technical problem of material clamping in the punching process of the punch is solved, the uniform punching of the lightening hole of the gear blank is realized, uneven stress deformation of the gear blank is avoided, the technology is carried out in batches through the traditional punching steps of the lightening hole, the problems of uneven stress of the gear blank and stress concentration in the punching process are avoided by utilizing the uniform distribution of the punches among different batches, and the technical problem of easy deformation of the gear blank in the punching process is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic machining of gear blanks, in particular to a bidirectional gradient punching device and a gear blank machining process.
Background
The gear is a toothed mechanical part capable of being meshed with each other, the application of the gear in the mechanical transmission and the whole mechanical field is extremely wide, in order to lighten the weight of the gear, the gear is convenient to take and use in the use process, a plurality of lightening holes are usually drilled on the gear when the gear is machined, in order to ensure that the gear can normally operate without deviation when working, the machined lightening holes are required to be uniformly distributed on the end face of the gear, namely the lightening holes are required to have the same coaxiality with the gear, currently, the gear lightening holes are machined by adopting a drilling machine drilling mode, a drill bit is fixedly installed on a drilling spindle, the motor spindle drives the drill bit to rotate at a high speed through a belt pulley, so that the lightening holes are drilled on the gear by adopting the method, and when the drill bit rotates at a high speed to drill, the gear is easy to deviate, so that the machined lightening holes are inaccurate in precision and are unevenly distributed, and the lightening holes distributed on the gear are not coaxial with the gear.
At present, the gear is also subjected to the processing of lightening holes through the punching die, and the coaxiality is guaranteed by processing a plurality of lightening holes, but a plurality of punches are needed for processing a plurality of lightening holes at the same time, and the existing punching die can cause a plurality of problems such as material clamping after the gear is punched due to the plurality of punches, uneven stress deformation in the gear blank punching process and the like.
The patent number CN201410547698.9 discloses a long rectangular table hydraulic punching machine, which comprises a frame, an oil cylinder, a sliding plate supporting plate, a row of upper die supports, a lower die support and a workbench, wherein a punching needle is correspondingly and detachably arranged below each upper die support, a material pressing plate is arranged below each row of punching needles, a lower die is arranged below the material pressing plate, one row of punching needles is divided into a plurality of groups, 4-6 punching needles are arranged in each group, each group of punching needles are sequentially arranged from high to low in a gradient mode, and the length difference of two adjacent punching needles is 6-10cm. According to the long rectangular table hydraulic punching machine, the row of punching needles are arranged and divided into the groups, and the punching needles in each group are sequentially arranged from high to low in a gradient mode, so that a row of holes are sequentially punched for several times in the process of one-time pressing of the oil cylinder, the pressure of the oil cylinder can be reduced, bending deformation of a material part is avoided, all holes can be punched once, re-fixing punching is not needed, and the precision and efficiency are improved.
However, the above patent still has the following problems:
1. the processing object of the patent is a long strip-shaped workpiece, is not suitable for processing a gear weight reducing hole, and has the problems that in the process of resetting an upper die, a punching needle can be reset along with the upper die, the punching needle is reset with a gear blank by friction force, and the gear blank is sleeved on the punching needle and cannot fall off, namely the material is clamped;
2. The problem that the gear blank is deformed due to uneven stress occurs when the gear blank is applied to processing of the gear lightening holes in the patent.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the bidirectional gradient punching device, the female die and the male die are exchanged, the male die where the punched punch is located is changed into a stationary state, the female die is designed to move and extrude relative to the male die, and the uniform punching of the gradient punch assembly is matched, so that after the gear blank is subjected to weight-reducing hole punching, the gear blank is still sleeved on the punch, the gear blank is ejected from the punch through the ejection mechanism, the technical problem of material clamping of the punch in the punching process is solved, the uniform punching of the weight-reducing hole of the gear blank is realized, and uneven stress deformation of the gear blank is avoided.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a bi-directional gradient punching device, comprising: the back-flushing female die mechanism and the back-flushing male die mechanism are arranged right opposite, the back-flushing female die mechanism and the back-flushing male die mechanism are coaxially arranged,
the die assembly is arranged on the die sleeve assembly and is opposite to the backflushing male die mechanism, and the die sleeve assembly is driven by the driving device to drive the backflushing die assembly to extrude towards the backflushing male die mechanism;
The recoil male die mechanism comprises a male die outer sleeve assembly and a punch assembly, the male die outer sleeve assembly and the female die outer sleeve assembly are coaxially arranged, a gear blank is placed between the male die outer sleeve assembly and the recoil female die mechanism, and the punch assembly is coaxially arranged in the male die outer sleeve assembly;
the recoil female die mechanism moves relative to the recoil male die mechanism along the axis direction of the recoil female die mechanism, and after the recoil female die mechanism is matched with the recoil die head assembly to clamp and position the gear blank, the gear blank and the punch head assembly which is arranged in a static mode are punched to form a lightening hole.
As an improvement, the female die jacket assembly comprises:
the middle part of the female die mounting sleeve is hollow, the inside of the female die mounting sleeve is coaxially provided with the recoil head assembly, and the end part of the female die mounting sleeve, which is opposite to the recoil male die mechanism, is provided with a mounting step;
the die template is in a cover shape and is arranged on the mounting step and is coaxially arranged with the die mounting sleeve, the end part of the die template, which is opposite to the recoil male die mechanism, and the gear blank are in profiling arrangement, the end part of the die template, which is opposite to the recoil male die mechanism, is provided with a punching hole which is correspondingly matched with the punch assembly, one end of the die template, which is matched with the die mounting sleeve, is provided with a fixing step, and a positioning pin is arranged between the connecting part of the die template and the die mounting sleeve; and
Pressing a die cover; the die gland is arranged at the connecting part of the die mounting sleeve and the die template, covers the fixed step, is fixedly connected with the die mounting sleeve, and is provided with countersunk screw holes corresponding to the punched holes one by one.
As an improvement, a discharge hole is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the female die template.
As an improvement, the backflushing die assembly includes:
the punch ejector rod penetrates through the female die mounting sleeve and the female die template, is coaxially arranged with the female die template, one end of the punch ejector rod is arranged in the female die mounting sleeve, and the other end of the punch ejector rod is arranged at the end, opposite to the recoil male die mechanism, of the female die template;
the first back flushing pad sleeve is sleeved outside the punch ejector rod and is positioned in the covering area of the female die template;
the second recoil cushion sleeve is sleeved outside the punch ejector rod and is positioned in the die gland;
the third back flushing pad sleeve is sleeved outside the punch ejector rod, is positioned in the die gland and is positioned between the second back flushing pad sleeve and the die mounting sleeve;
The back-flushing front limiting body is arranged in the female die mounting sleeve and sleeved on the punch ejector rod;
the cushion block is arranged in the female die mounting sleeve, is abutted against the end part of the punch ejector rod, which is positioned in the female die mounting sleeve, and is slidably arranged along the axial direction of the female die mounting sleeve;
the back-flushing limiting body is arranged in the female die mounting sleeve and opposite to the other ends of the punch ejector rod and the cushion block; and
the recoil bottom pad is arranged in the female die mounting sleeve and opposite to the female die template, and is arranged at the other end of the female die mounting sleeve.
As an improvement, the male die jacket assembly comprises:
the male die outer sleeve is in a cylindrical shape, a back flushing front sleeve, a back flushing middle sleeve and a back flushing rear sleeve are sequentially arranged in the male die outer sleeve along the axial direction of the male die outer sleeve, the back flushing front sleeve is positioned at the end part of the male die outer sleeve, which is opposite to the back flushing female die mechanism, and the placement area is arranged in the male die outer sleeve; and
the male die bottom pad is arranged outside the male die outer sleeve, is coaxially connected with the male die outer sleeve and is arranged at the other end of the male die outer sleeve assembly relative to the recoil female die mechanism.
As an improvement, the punch assembly includes:
the punching heads are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the lightening holes, the progressive gradient of the punching heads is set into n+1 groups according to the progressive gradient of the progressive reduction of the length, and n satisfies the relation: n > 1, and the number of punches of the 1 st to n th groups is 3, the number of punches of the n+1 th group is a, and a satisfies the relationship: 3 is more than a and is more than or equal to 0;
the punch mounting block is fixedly arranged in the recoil rear sleeve, and the punches are fixedly arranged on the punch mounting block;
the male die template is arranged in the recoil front sleeve and the recoil middle sleeve in a sliding manner, is sleeved on the punch, is in copying arrangement with the gear blank at the end part, which is opposite to the recoil female die mechanism, of the male die template, and is provided with a limiting step in limiting fit with the recoil front sleeve; and
the punch die comprises a punch die mounting block, a punch die template and a punch die sleeve pad, wherein the punch die sleeve pad is sleeved on the punch, the punch die sleeve pad is positioned between the punch die mounting block and the punch die template, a plurality of elastic pieces are arranged between the punch die mounting block and the punch die template, and the elastic pieces are sleeved on the punch in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
As a modification, the connecting lines between 3 punches in the 1 st to n th groups form an acute triangle, the difference in length between the punches in the 1 st to n+1 th groups is gradually reduced, and the punches in the 1 st to n th groups are staggered.
As an improvement, a cooling liquid inlet is formed in the punch bottom pad, and a cooling liquid pipeline is arranged on the punch mounting block and is communicated with the cooling liquid inlet and the punch.
As an improvement, a sliding groove is formed in the male die bottom pad along the axial direction of the male die bottom pad, an ejection mechanism is arranged in the sliding groove in a sliding manner, and the ejection mechanism comprises:
the ejection block is arranged in the sliding groove in a sliding way, and one end of the ejection block, which is opposite to the punch, is connected with an external driving device;
the recoil ejector rods are fixedly arranged on the ejection block along the axial circumference of the male die bottom pad at equal intervals, and the other ends of the recoil ejector rods point to the male die sleeve pad.
The punching device has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention compares the comparative document CN201410547698.9, it changes the punch pin that the die and punch pin are in exchange, change the punch pin that punches a hole into stationary, and design the die pin to move and extrude relatively to the punch pin, after making the gear blank finish the lightening hole punching, the gear blank still covers and is set up on the punch pin, push out the gear blank from the punch pin through the ejector mechanism, and the comparative document is that the upper die that the punch pin is in the initiative moves, the punch pin is apt to carry the gear blank to reset and cause the card material after finishing the reset after punching;
(2) Compared with a comparison file, the invention sets the lengths of the punches in a gradient way when the punches are arranged, so that the punches are grouped, the three-point connecting lines of the punches with the same length form acute triangle distribution with the nearest triangle size, the principle of three-point stabilization is utilized to avoid the deformation of the gear blank caused by stress concentration and uneven force application of the punches caused by punching the gear blank by the punches, and the comparison file only sets the lengths of the punching pins in a gradient way and does not consider the force application condition of the punching pins in the punching process;
(3) According to the invention, compared with a document, the punch with the least number and the shortest length is placed at the last time for punching, the punch which is used for punching before is inserted into the gear blank to support the strength of the gear blank, so that even if the last punch is stressed unevenly on the gear blank, the gear blank can be prevented from deformation due to the guiding and supporting of the former punch;
(4) Compared with the comparison document, when the length of the punch is arranged in a gradient way, the length difference between two adjacent groups of punches is gradually reduced along the sequence from long to short of the length of the punch so as to match the condition that the elastic piece is gradually compressed and the reverse resistance is larger and larger in the extrusion process of the gear blank, so that the punch is more smooth to punch;
(5) Compared with a comparison document, the length difference between two adjacent groups of punches is always smaller than the thickness of a gear blank, and in the process of punching the gear blank in the former group, the punch in the latter group can rapidly prop against the gear blank to support the stress concentration part on the gear blank so as to prevent the gear blank from deforming;
(6) Compared with a comparison document, the invention has the advantages that the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid channel are arranged on the backflushing male die mechanism, and the cooling liquid is utilized to directly cool the punch, so that the problem that the punch cannot continuously work due to the fact that the temperature of the punch stored in the backflushing male die mechanism is too high and heat cannot be dissipated in the punching process is avoided;
(7) Compared with the comparison document, the invention has the advantages that the material outlet is formed on the back-flushing female die mechanism, and the waste materials generated in the punching process are automatically discharged from the material outlet by utilizing the movement of the back-flushing female die mechanism, so that the material discharge is smooth;
(8) Compared with the comparison document, the invention is provided with the ejection mechanism, the ejection mechanism is used for ejecting the punched gear blank by ejecting the male die template, and simultaneously, before the gear blank is punched, the male die template and the female die template are matched for clamping and positioning the gear blank.
The invention provides a gear blank processing technology, which is characterized in that the traditional step of punching weight reducing holes is carried out in batches, the uniform distribution of punches among different batches and the control of the number of the punches are utilized, the problems of uneven stress of the gear blank and stress concentration in the punching process are avoided, and the technical problem that the gear blank is easy to deform when being punched through a punching die is solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the gear blank processing technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
upsetting, namely placing the cut cylindrical blank into an upsetter for extrusion, and extruding the cylindrical blank by the upsetter to form a cake-shaped blank;
step two, extrusion molding, namely transferring the round cake-shaped blank formed after upsetting through a mechanical material taking hand, placing the round cake-shaped blank into a containing cavity of a molding female die, and extruding the round cake-shaped blank to form a gear blank through extrusion of a molding male die and the molding female die;
step three, punching the lightening holes, namely transferring the extruded gear blank to a bidirectional gradient punching device through a mechanical material taking hand to punch the lightening holes, wherein the step comprises the following steps of:
step a, discharging, namely placing the gear blank in a placement area of a recoil male die mechanism to enable the gear blank to be buckled with the placement area;
step b, after the gear blank is well placed, the driving device drives the backflushing female die mechanism to extrude towards the backflushing male die mechanism, the backflushing female die mechanism is inserted into the placement area to extrude the gear blank, the gear blank is clamped and positioned through the matching of the female die template and the male die template, then the backflushing female die mechanism continues extruding, the elastic piece compresses, and the punch and the gear blank sequentially perform n+1 times of gradient punching according to the length from long to short to form a lightening hole, wherein n is more than 1;
Step c, cooling, synchronous with the step b, by inputting cooling liquid through a cooling liquid inlet on the punch bottom pad, the cooling liquid enters the punch sleeve pad along a cooling liquid pipeline to cool the punch;
step d, discharging the waste, wherein the waste formed by punching by the punch passes through the punching hole and is discharged from a discharge hole in synchronization with the step b;
step e, ejection, wherein after the punch head finishes gradient punching on the gear blank n+1 times, the driving device drives the ejection block to slide along the sliding groove, so that the recoil ejector rod pushes the punch sleeve pad to extrude the punch template, the punch template pushes the gear blank, and the gear blank slides along the punch head to be separated from the placement area;
step four, a step four is carried out; and (3) shaft hole stamping, namely transferring the gear blank to a punching device through a material taking manipulator after the gear blank is subjected to heavy hole shearing stamping and is separated from the placement area, and stamping the shaft hole by the punching device. The processing technology has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Compared with the traditional gear lightening hole stamping process, the invention performs gradient stamping for a plurality of times during the stamping step, so that lightening holes on gear blanks are stamped and formed in batches, and punches are uniformly distributed and the number of the punches is controlled in each stamping process, thereby avoiding deformation of the gear blanks caused by uneven stress of the gear blanks and stress concentration in the stamping process;
(2) Compared with the traditional stamping process of the gear weight reducing hole, the gear blank is matched with the relative static arrangement of the punch through the ejection step, so that the gear blank can not be blocked with the punch after the punching processing is finished, and the gear blank can be quickly separated from the punch.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of good stamping effect, quick stripping, no deformation of the uniformly stamped gear blank, and the like, and is particularly suitable for the technical field of weight-reducing hole stamping processing of the gear blank.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a gear blank of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional punching device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a punching apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a backflushing female die mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a female die plate according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a backflushing female die mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a recoil male die mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure shown at B in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a punch assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic elevational view of the punch assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a punch assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a coolant inlet and coolant tube of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of an ejector mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a three-dimensional structure of a molding male die of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a molding female die of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a second process according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, a bidirectional gradient punching device is used for processing a lightening hole 11 on a gear blank 1, wherein the lightening hole 11 is equidistantly arranged along the axial circumference of the gear blank 1 and comprises a backflushing female die mechanism 2 and a backflushing male die mechanism 3 which are arranged oppositely, the backflushing female die mechanism 2 and the backflushing male die mechanism 3 are coaxially arranged,
the backflushing female die mechanism 2 comprises a female die outer sleeve assembly 21 and a backflushing die head assembly 22, the female die outer sleeve assembly 21 is arranged on a driving device arranged outside, the backflushing die head assembly 22 is arranged on the female die outer sleeve assembly 21 and is opposite to the backflushing male die mechanism 2, and the female die outer sleeve assembly 21 is driven by the driving device to drive the backflushing die head assembly 22 to extrude towards the backflushing male die mechanism 3;
The recoil male die mechanism 3 comprises a male die outer sleeve assembly 31 and a punch assembly 32, wherein the male die outer sleeve assembly 31 and the female die outer sleeve assembly 21 are coaxially arranged, a placement area 311 for placing the gear blank 1 is arranged at one end, which is opposite to the recoil female die mechanism 2, of the male die outer sleeve assembly 31, and the punch assembly 32 is coaxially arranged in the male die outer sleeve assembly 31 and is positioned at the rear side of the placement area 311;
the recoil female die mechanism 2 moves relative to the recoil male die mechanism 3 along the axial direction of the recoil female die mechanism, and after the recoil female die mechanism is matched with the recoil die head assembly 22 to clamp and position the gear blank 1 placed in the placement area 311 through the female die outer sleeve assembly 21, the gear blank 1 and the punch assembly 32 which is arranged at rest are punched to form a lightening hole 11.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, which is a sectional view of the existing punching device, compared with the existing punching device, the present invention changes the moving mode of the female die and the male die, the recoil male die mechanism 3 provided with the punch assembly 32 is in a relatively static state, the recoil female die mechanism 2 relatively moves to cooperate with the recoil male die mechanism 3 to complete the punching of the lightening hole 11 on the gear blank 1, after the punching of the lightening hole 11 is completed, the recoil female die mechanism 2 resets, the gear blank 1 is still sleeved on the punch assembly 32, and the gear blank 1 is ejected from the punch assembly 32 by virtue of the ejection mechanism 4, so that the punch assembly 32 does not move, and the gear blank 1 is not driven to move, and the situation of material clamping occurs.
It is further noted that the driving device in the present invention is preferably a hydraulic driving device, such as a hydraulic cylinder, which can drive the workpiece to reciprocate.
As shown in fig. 4, 5, 6 and 7, as a preferred embodiment, the die housing assembly 21 includes:
the middle part of the female die mounting sleeve 211 is hollow, the inside of the female die mounting sleeve 211 is coaxially provided with the recoil head assembly 22, and the end part of the female die mounting sleeve, which is opposite to the recoil male die mechanism 3, is provided with a mounting step 212;
the female die template 213 is in a cover shape, is arranged on the mounting step 212 and is coaxially arranged with the female die mounting sleeve 211, the end part of the female die template 213, which is opposite to the recoil male die mechanism 3, is in profiling arrangement with the gear blank 1, the end part of the female die template 213, which is opposite to the recoil male die mechanism 3, is provided with a punching hole 214 which is correspondingly matched with the punch assembly 32, one end of the female die template 213, which is matched with the female die mounting sleeve 211, is provided with a fixing step 215, and a positioning pin 218 is arranged between the connecting part of the female die template 213 and the female die mounting sleeve 211; and
a die gland 216; the die pressing cover 216 is disposed at a connection portion between the die mounting sleeve 211 and the die template 213, and covers the fixing step 215, and is fixedly connected to the die mounting sleeve 211, and countersunk screw holes 217 corresponding to the punched holes 214 one by one are formed in the die mounting sleeve 211.
As shown in fig. 6, further, a discharge hole 219 is formed on the circumferential sidewall of the female die plate 213.
Since the step of extrusion molding of the gear blank 1 is already completed when the lightening hole 11 is formed in the gear blank 1, both side surfaces of the gear blank 1 are not flat but uneven, and thus deformation of the gear blank 1 during extrusion processing is prevented by the profiling arrangement of the die plate 213 and the gear blank 1.
Further, during the punching process, the punch of the punch assembly 32 is inserted into the die plate 213 through the punch 214 along with the extrusion of the recoil die mechanism 2, at this time, the waste punched from the gear blank 1 is discharged into the die plate 213, and the waste is rapidly discharged from the discharge port 219 by forming the discharge port 219 on the circumferential side wall of the die plate 213, and the discharge port 219 is preferably formed at the lower part of the die plate 213 in the vertical direction, so as to facilitate the discharge of the waste.
To further explain, when the die plate 213 is assembled with the die mounting sleeve 211, in order to ensure that the punched holes 214 on the die plate 213 are just arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the punches 312, the correct assembly mode of the die plate 213 and the die mounting sleeve 211 can be quickly determined by positioning the positioning pins 218.
As shown in fig. 4 and 7, as a preferred embodiment, the backflushing die assembly 22 includes:
a punch pin 221, wherein the punch pin 221 penetrates through the die mounting sleeve 211 and the die plate 213, is coaxially arranged with the die plate 213, and has one end arranged in the die mounting sleeve 211 and the other end arranged on the end of the die plate 213 opposite to the recoil male die mechanism 3;
a first back-punching pad sleeve 222, wherein the first back-punching pad sleeve 222 is sleeved outside the punch top rod 221 and is positioned in the covering area of the die template 213;
a second back-flushing pad sleeve 223, wherein the second back-flushing pad sleeve 223 is sleeved outside the punch ejector rod 221 and is positioned in the die gland 216;
a third back punch pad 224, the third back punch pad 224 is sleeved outside the punch stem 221, is located in the die gland 216, and is located between the second back punch pad 223 and the die mounting sleeve 211;
the back-flushing front limiting body 225 is arranged in the female die mounting sleeve 211, and is sleeved on the punch ejector rod 221;
the cushion block 226 is arranged in the die mounting sleeve 211, is abutted against the end part of the punch ejector rod 221 positioned in the die mounting sleeve 211, and is slidably arranged along the axial direction of the die mounting sleeve 211;
A back-flushing limiting body 227, wherein the back-flushing limiting body 227 is arranged in the die mounting sleeve 211, and is opposite to the other ends of the punch push rod 221 and the cushion block 226; and
the back flushing bottom pad 228 is disposed in the die mounting sleeve 211, and is disposed at the other end of the die mounting sleeve 211 with respect to the die plate 213.
It should be noted that, the punch pin 221 is pressed against the center of the gear blank 1 to gradually extrude the gear blank 1 toward the punch assembly 32, and the first, second and third recoil cushion sleeves 222, 223 and 224 play a role in guiding and increasing strength of the punch pin 221 during extrusion.
Further, the cushion block 226 can drive the punch pin 221 to move by an external driving device, and the pre-recoil limiter 225 and the post-recoil limiter 227 limit the movement of the pin 221.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, as a preferred embodiment, the male die housing assembly 31 includes:
a male die outer sleeve 312, wherein the male die outer sleeve 312 is in a cylindrical shape, a back flushing front sleeve 313, a back flushing middle sleeve 314 and a back flushing rear sleeve 315 are sequentially arranged in the male die outer sleeve 312 along the axial direction, the back flushing front sleeve 313 is positioned at the end part of the male die outer sleeve 312, which is opposite to the back flushing female die mechanism 2, and the placement area 311 is arranged in the male die outer sleeve; and
The punch bottom pad 316 is disposed outside the punch housing 312, coaxially connected to the punch housing 312, and disposed at the other end of the punch housing assembly 31 with respect to the recoil female mechanism 2.
The diameter of the placement area 311 in the recoil front sleeve 313 is adapted to the diameter of the gear blank 1, and the placement area just accommodates the recoil female die mechanism 2 to be inserted therein, and the placed gear blank 1 is extruded, so that the gear blank 1 is punched with the punch assembly 32 located in the recoil front sleeve 313 and the recoil middle sleeve 314, and the lightening hole 11 is formed in the gear blank 1.
As shown in fig. 9, 10, 11 and 12, as a preferred embodiment, the punch assembly 32 includes:
the punches 321, a plurality of the punches 321 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the lightening holes 11, and are arranged into n+1 groups according to the sequential gradient of sequentially decreasing lengths, and n satisfies the relationship: n > 1, and the number of punches 321 of the 1 st to n th groups is 3, the number of punches 321 of the n+1 th group is a, a satisfies the relationship: 3 is more than a and is more than or equal to 0;
a punch mounting block 322, wherein the punch mounting block 322 is fixedly arranged in the recoil rear sleeve 315, and the punches 321 are fixedly arranged on the punch mounting block 322;
The male die template 323 is slidably arranged in the back flushing front sleeve 313 and the back flushing middle sleeve 314, is sleeved on the punch 321, and is arranged in a copying way with the gear blank 1 at the end part opposite to the back flushing female die mechanism 2, and a limiting step 3231 in limiting fit with the back flushing front sleeve 313 is arranged on the male die template 323; and
the punch sleeve gasket 324 is sleeved on the punch 321, and is located between the punch mounting block 322 and the punch template 323, and a plurality of elastic pieces 325 are arranged between the punch mounting block and the punch template 323, and the elastic pieces 325 are sleeved on the punch 321 in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Further, the lines between 3 punches 321 in the 1 st to n th groups form an acute triangle, the length difference between the punches 321 in the 1 st to n+1 th groups is gradually reduced, and two adjacent groups of punches 321 in the 1 st to n th groups are staggered.
In the present invention, the number of the punches 321 is preferably 7, that is, n is 2, a is 1, it is divided into 3 groups, namely, a first punch 321a of the first group, a second punch 321b of the second group and a third punch 321c of the third group, wherein the length difference between the first punch 321a and the second punch 321b is 2mm, the length difference between the second punch 321b and the third punch 321c is 1mm, the first punch 321a and the second punch 321b are staggered, the third punch 321c is disposed between any adjacent first punch 321a and second punch 321b, and the 7 punches 321 are equidistantly disposed along the axial circumference of the gear blank 1.
Further, the male die plate 323 and the female die plate 213 cooperate with each other to sandwich the gear blank 1 for positioning, and therefore, the end surfaces of the male die plate 323 and the female die plate 213 that contact the gear blank 1 are in a profile configuration with the gear blank 1.
Further, when the recoil die mechanism 2 presses the punch 321 with the gear blank 1, the elastic member 325 is extruded, so that the higher the extrusion degree of the elastic member 325 is, the larger the reaction force generated by the elastic member is, and therefore, the smaller the length difference between the adjacent two sets of punches 321 is when the punching stroke goes to the rear, so as to adapt the reaction force, and the problem that the punch 321 cannot adapt to the punching operation due to the too large length difference is avoided, wherein, in fig. 9, only one spring is shown for convenient and visual observation of the internal structure.
It is worth emphasizing that the traditional punching die is to install the punch on the moving punch, fix the work piece or position the work piece with the die, the punch that moves presses the punch into the work piece, like driving nails into the plank, but the invention is to reverse it, the nail is motionless, move the plank to the nail, make nails drive into the plank, but, doing so, can invert nails at the moment that the plank contacts, the nail is buckled, namely in the invention, the punch 321 can appear buckling when the gear blank 1 is stamped with the punch 321, in order to overcome the punch 321 buckling, the invention is through setting up the punch template 323, utilize the punch template 323 thickness to wrap up the punch 321 and increase the intensity of the punch 321, and moreover, through setting up the length difference between two adjacent groups of punches 321 and being smaller than the thickness of the gear blank 1, in the process that the former group of punch 321 is stamped with the gear blank 1, the latter group of punch 321 is fast to the gear blank 1, increase the stress point, and the arrangement of stress point is as far as possible along the circumference of the gear blank 1, disperse the impact force of the gear blank 1, and in the third group 321 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the gear blank 1, in order to overcome the impact force of the triangle-shaped point, the impact angle of the triangle-shaped blank 1 is formed, and the three-phase difference can be achieved, the three-angle is evenly distributed, and the impact angle of the triangle-shaped is formed, the three-shaped is not in the triangle-shaped, and the impact angle is formed, and the three-shaped is the angle-shaped, and the impact angle is formed, and the angle is the three and is the angle-shaped, and is the best and the angle-shaped, and is the angle-shaped, and the is the angle-shaped and the angle is the and the.
And the group with the least number, namely the group with the shortest punch length is placed at the end and is stamped with the gear blank 1, so that the fact that the punch of the last group possibly cannot reach three-point balance is fully considered, and when the punch of the last group and the gear blank 1 are stamped, even if the punch of the last group cannot reach three-point stress balance, the punch 321 inserted before can also support and guide the gear blank 1, and uneven stress deformation of the gear blank 1 is avoided.
As shown in fig. 13, as a preferred embodiment, the punch base 316 is provided with a coolant inlet 3161, and the punch mounting block 322 is provided with a coolant pipe 3221, and the coolant pipe 3221 communicates the coolant inlet 3161 with the punch 321.
In the process of punching the punch 321 and the gear blank 1, a high temperature is generated to raise the temperature of the punch 321, and if the punch 321 is not cooled, the temperature of the punch 321 is continuously raised, so that the punch 321 is cooled through the cooling liquid inlet 3161 and the cooling liquid pipe 3221, and the influence on the subsequent punching work due to the temperature rise of the punch 321 is avoided.
As shown in fig. 14, as a preferred embodiment, the punch backing 316 is provided with a sliding groove 3162 along the axial direction thereof, and an ejector mechanism 4 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 3162, and the ejector mechanism 4 includes:
An ejector block 41, wherein the ejector block 41 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 3162, and one end thereof facing away from the punch 321 is connected to an external driving device;
the recoil ejector rods 42 are fixedly arranged on the ejection block 41 along the axial circumference of the punch bottom pad 316 at equal intervals, and the other ends of the recoil ejector rods 42 are directed to the punch sleeve pad 324.
During the process of stamping the gear blank 1, the ejector block 41 is driven by the driving device to slide along the sliding groove 3162, and the ejector block 41 pushes the recoil ejector rod 42 to move the male die plate 323 outwards along the placement area 311, so that the gear blank 1 is separated from the punch 321.
Further, the number of the recoil ejector pins 42 in the present invention is 3, and the recoil ejector pins 42 are equally distributed along the axial circumference of the ejector block 41, so that the stress of the male die plate 323 is ensured to be uniform, and only 1 recoil ejector pin 42 is shown in fig. 14 for the convenience of observing the structure.
Example 2:
a gear blank processing process of embodiment 2 of the present invention is described with reference to embodiment 1.
As shown in fig. 15, 16 and 17, a gear blank processing process includes the steps of:
upsetting, namely placing the cut cylindrical blank into an upsetter for extrusion, and extruding the cylindrical blank by the upsetter to form a cake-shaped blank;
Step two, extrusion molding, namely transferring the round cake-shaped blank formed after upsetting through a mechanical material taking hand, placing the round cake-shaped blank into a containing cavity 511 of a molding female die 51, and extruding the round cake-shaped blank to form a gear blank 1 through extrusion of a molding male die 52 and the molding female die 51;
step three, punching the lightening holes, namely transferring the extruded gear blank 1 to a bidirectional gradient punching device through a mechanical material taking hand to punch the lightening holes, wherein the step comprises the following steps of:
step a, discharging, namely placing the gear blank 1 in a placement area 311 of a recoil male die mechanism 3, and buckling the gear blank 1 with the placement area 311;
step b, stamping, namely after the gear blank 1 is placed, driving the backflushing female die mechanism 2 to extrude towards the backflushing male die mechanism 3 by a driving device, inserting the backflushing female die mechanism 2 into the placement area 311, extruding the gear blank 1, clamping and positioning the gear blank 1 through the matching of the female die template 213 and the male die template 323, continuously extruding the backflushing female die mechanism 2, compressing the elastic piece 325, and sequentially carrying out gradient stamping on the punch 321 and the gear blank 1 according to the sequence from long to short length to form a lightening hole 11;
step c, cooling, in synchronization with step b, by inputting cooling liquid through the cooling liquid inlet 3161 on the punch bottom pad 316, the cooling liquid enters the position of the punch sleeve pad 324 along the cooling liquid pipe 3221 to cool the punch 321;
Step d, discharging the waste, and discharging the waste formed by punching by the punch 321 from the discharge port 219 after passing through the punched hole 214 in synchronization with the step b;
step e, ejection, wherein after the punch 321 completes three times of stamping on the gear blank 1, the driving device drives the ejection block 41 to slide along the sliding groove 3162, so that the recoil ejector rod 42 pushes the punch sleeve pad 324 to extrude the punch template 323, the punch template 323 pushes the gear blank 1, and the gear blank 1 slides along the punch 321 to be separated from the placement area 311;
step four, a step four is carried out; and (3) shaft hole punching, namely after the gear blank 1 is subjected to heavy hole shearing and punching, the gear blank 1 is transferred to a punching device through a material taking manipulator, and the punching device performs shaft hole punching.
In the present invention, when the lightening hole 11 is punched in the gear blank 1 in the third step, the gear blank 1 is sequentially punched with the punches 321 of the 1 st to n+1 th groups, and in order to ensure the coaxiality of the upper lightening hole 11 of the gear blank 1, the gear blank 1 is sequentially punched, but the gear blank 1 is pressed once by the recoil punch mechanism 3 by the recoil punch mechanism 2.
The technical problem that the punch head drives the gear blank 1 to move through friction force to cause clamping after the traditional stamping die completes stamping of the lightening hole 11 on the gear blank 1 is further solved, in the step three, a recoil punch mechanism 3 provided with the punch head is fixed, a recoil die mechanism 2 is moved, the traditional punch head moving stamping structure is changed, and the gear blank 1 is moved to be stamped.
Further, in the process of punching the punch 321 of the 1 st to the nth groups and the gear blank 1, three-point distribution is adopted to contact the gear blank 1, and the angle difference between the three angles of the acute triangle formed by the three-point distribution is as small as possible, so that the impact force of the gear blank 1 is effectively dispersed, the punch 321 is ensured not to bend, the service life of the punch 321 is prolonged, and the gear blank 1 is ensured not to deform in the punching process.
The working process comprises the following steps:
in the invention, a cut cylindrical blank is placed into an upsetting machine for extrusion, the cylindrical blank is formed into a cake-shaped blank through the extrusion of the upsetting machine, the cake-shaped blank formed after the upsetting is transferred through a mechanical material taking hand and is placed into a cavity 511 of a forming female die 51, the cake-shaped blank is extruded into a gear blank 1 through the extrusion of a forming male die 52 and the forming female die 51, the gear blank 1 after the extrusion is transferred to a bidirectional gradient punching device through the mechanical material taking hand for the punching of a lightening hole, the gear blank 1 is placed in a placing area 311 of a backflushing male die mechanism 3, the gear blank 1 is buckled with the placing area 311, after the gear blank 1 is placed, a driving device drives a backflushing female die mechanism 2 to extrude towards the backflushing male die mechanism 3, the backflushing female die mechanism 2 is inserted into the placing area 311 for extruding the gear blank 1, the gear blank 1 is clamped and positioned through the matching of the female die template 213 and the male die template 323, then the backflushing female die mechanism 2 continues to extrude, the elastic piece 325 compresses, the punches 321 sequentially carry out the punching stroke weight reducing holes 11 with the gear blank 1 according to the sequence from long to short of the length, the first punch 321a of the first group, the second punch 321b of the second group and the third punch 321c of the third group are synchronously input through the cooling liquid inlet 3161 on the male die bottom pad 316, the cooling liquid enters the male die sleeve pad 324 along the cooling liquid pipe 3221 to cool the punch 321, the waste punched by the punch 321 is synchronously discharged from the discharge port 219 after passing through the punching 214, after the punch 321 completes the three times of punching of the gear blank 1, the driving device drives the ejection block 41 to slide along the sliding groove 3162 to enable the backflushing ejector rod 42 to push the male die sleeve pad 324 to extrude the male die template 323, the male die template 323 supports the gear blank 1, the gear blank 1 is slid along the punch 321 to be separated from the placement area 311, and after the gear blank 1 is cut and punched to be separated from the placement area 311, the gear blank 1 is transferred to a punching device by a material taking manipulator and is punched by the punching device.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A bi-directional gradient punching device, comprising: the back-flushing female die mechanism (2) and the back-flushing male die mechanism (3) are arranged right opposite, and the back-flushing female die mechanism (2) and the back-flushing male die mechanism (3) are coaxially arranged;
the backflushing female die mechanism (2) comprises a female die outer sleeve assembly (21) and a backflushing die head assembly (22), the female die outer sleeve assembly (21) is arranged on a peripheral driving device, the backflushing die head assembly (22) is arranged on the female die outer sleeve assembly (21) and is opposite to the backflushing male die mechanism (2), and the female die outer sleeve assembly (21) is driven by the driving device to extrude the backflushing die head assembly (22) to the backflushing male die mechanism (3);
the recoil male die mechanism (3) comprises a male die outer sleeve assembly (31) and a punch head assembly (32), wherein the male die outer sleeve assembly (31) and the female die outer sleeve assembly (21) are coaxially arranged, a gear blank (1) is placed between the male die outer sleeve assembly and the recoil female die mechanism (2), and the punch head assembly (32) is coaxially arranged in the male die outer sleeve assembly (31);
The recoil female die mechanism (2) moves relative to the recoil male die mechanism (3) along the axial direction of the recoil female die mechanism, and after the recoil female die mechanism is matched with the recoil die head assembly (22) to clamp and position the gear blank (1), the gear blank (1) and the punch assembly (32) which is arranged at rest are punched to form a lightening hole (11)
The die casing assembly (21) comprises:
the middle part of the female die mounting sleeve (211) is hollow, a counter punch assembly (22) is coaxially arranged in the female die mounting sleeve (211), and a mounting step (212) is arranged at the end part of the female die mounting sleeve, which is opposite to the counter punch mechanism (3);
the die template (213) is arranged in a cover shape, is arranged on the mounting step (212) and is coaxially arranged with the die mounting sleeve (211), the end part of the die template (213) opposite to the recoil male die mechanism (3) and the gear blank (1) are in profiling arrangement, the end part of the die template (213) opposite to the recoil male die mechanism (3) is provided with a punching hole (214) correspondingly matched with the punch assembly (32), one end of the die template (213) matched with the die mounting sleeve (211) is provided with a fixing step (215), and a positioning pin (218) is arranged between the connecting part of the die template (213) and the die mounting sleeve (211); and
A die gland (216); the die gland (216) is arranged at the connecting part of the die mounting sleeve (211) and the die template (213), covers the fixed step (215), is fixedly connected with the die mounting sleeve (211), and is provided with countersunk screw holes (217) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the punched holes (214);
the male die jacket assembly (31) comprises:
the male die outer sleeve (312) is in a cylindrical shape, a back flushing front sleeve (313), a back flushing middle sleeve (314) and a back flushing rear sleeve (315) are sequentially arranged in the male die outer sleeve (312) along the axial direction of the male die outer sleeve, the back flushing front sleeve (313) is positioned at the end part of the male die outer sleeve (312) opposite to the back flushing female die mechanism (2), and a placement area (311) for placing the gear blank (1) is arranged in the male die outer sleeve; and
the male die bottom pad (316), the male die bottom pad (316) set up in outside the male die overcoat (312), it with male die overcoat (312) coaxial coupling sets up, and it is relative recoil female die mechanism (2) set up in the other end of male die overcoat subassembly (31).
2. A bi-directional gradient punching device according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential side wall of the die plate (213) is provided with a discharge opening (219).
3. A bi-directional gradient punching apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said backflushing die assembly (22) comprises:
the punch ejector rod (221) penetrates through the die mounting sleeve (211) and the die template (213), is coaxially arranged with the die template (213), one end of the punch ejector rod (221) is arranged in the die mounting sleeve (211), and the other end of the punch ejector rod (221) is arranged on the end part, opposite to the recoil male die mechanism (3), of the die template (213);
the first back flushing pad sleeve (222) is sleeved outside the punch ejector rod (221), and the first back flushing pad sleeve (222) is positioned in the covering area of the female die template (213);
a second back-flushing pad sleeve (223), wherein the second back-flushing pad sleeve (223) is sleeved outside the punch ejector rod (221) and is positioned in the die gland (216);
a third back flushing pad sleeve (224), wherein the third back flushing pad sleeve (224) is sleeved outside the punch ejector rod (221), is positioned in the die gland (216), and is positioned between the second back flushing pad sleeve (223) and the die mounting sleeve (211);
the back-flushing front limiting body (225) is arranged in the female die mounting sleeve (211), and is sleeved on the punch ejector rod (221);
The cushion block (226) is arranged in the die mounting sleeve (211), is abutted against the end part of the punch ejector rod (221) positioned in the die mounting sleeve (211), and is slidably arranged along the axial direction of the die mounting sleeve (211);
a back-flushing limiting body (227), wherein the back-flushing limiting body (227) is arranged in the female die mounting sleeve (211) and is opposite to the other ends of the punch ejector rod (221) and the cushion block (226); and
the back flushing bottom pad (228) is arranged in the female die mounting sleeve (211), and the back flushing bottom pad (228) is arranged at the other end of the female die mounting sleeve (211) relative to the female die plate (213).
4. A bi-directional gradient punching device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the punch assembly (32) comprises:
the punching heads (321), a plurality of punching heads (321) and the lightening holes (11) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the punching heads are arranged into n+1 groups according to sequential gradients with lengths being reduced in sequence, and n satisfies the relation: n > 1, and the number of punches (321) of the 1 st to n th groups is 3, and the number of punches (321) of the n+1 th group is a, a satisfies the relationship: 3 is more than a and is more than or equal to 0;
The punch mounting block (322) is fixedly arranged in the recoil rear sleeve (315), and the punches (321) are fixedly arranged on the punch mounting block (322);
the male die template (323) is arranged in the back flushing front sleeve (313) and the back flushing middle sleeve (314) in a sliding manner, is sleeved on the punch (321), and is in copying arrangement with the gear blank (1) at the end part opposite to the back flushing female die mechanism (2), and a limiting step (3231) in limiting fit with the back flushing front sleeve (313) is arranged on the male die template (323); and
the punch sleeve gasket (324), punch sleeve gasket (324) cover is located on drift (321), it is located between drift installation piece (322) and punch template (323), and it with be provided with a plurality of elastic component (325) between punch template (323), this elastic component (325) one-to-one cover is located on drift (321).
5. A bidirectional gradient punching device according to claim 4, wherein the lines between 3 punches (321) in the 1 st to n th groups each form an acute triangle, and the difference in height between the punches (321) in the 1 st to n+1 th groups is gradually reduced, and the punches (321) in adjacent two groups in the 1 st to n th groups are staggered.
6. A bi-directional gradient punching device according to claim 4, wherein a cooling fluid inlet (3161) is provided in the punch bottom pad (316), and a cooling fluid conduit (3221) is provided in the punch mounting block (322), the cooling fluid conduit (3221) communicating the cooling fluid inlet (3161) with the punch (321).
7. A bidirectional gradient punching device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the punch bottom pad (316) is provided with a sliding groove (3162) along an axial direction thereof, an ejector mechanism (4) is slidably provided in the sliding groove (3162), and the ejector mechanism (4) comprises:
an ejection block (41), wherein the ejection block (41) is slidably arranged in the sliding groove (3162), and one end of the ejection block, which is opposite to the punch (321), is connected with an external driving device;
the recoil ejector rods (42) are fixedly arranged on the ejection block (41) along the axial circumference of the male die bottom pad (316) at equal intervals, and the other ends of the recoil ejector rods (42) point to the male die sleeve pad (324).
8. A gear blank processing process of a bi-directional gradient punching device as claimed in claim 7, comprising the steps of:
Upsetting, namely placing the cut cylindrical blank into an upsetter for extrusion, and extruding the cylindrical blank by the upsetter to form a cake-shaped blank;
step two, extrusion molding, namely transferring the round cake-shaped blank formed after upsetting through a mechanical material taking hand, placing the round cake-shaped blank into a containing cavity (511) of a molding female die (51), and extruding the round cake-shaped blank to form a gear blank (1) through extrusion of a molding male die (52) and the molding female die (51);
step three, punching the lightening holes, namely transferring the extruded gear blank (1) to a bidirectional gradient punching device through a mechanical material taking hand to punch the lightening holes, wherein the step comprises the following steps of:
step a, discharging, namely placing the gear blank (1) in a placement area (311) of a recoil male die mechanism (3) to enable the gear blank (1) to be buckled with the placement area (311);
step b, after the gear blank (1) is placed, a driving device drives a backflushing female die mechanism (2) to extrude towards a backflushing male die mechanism (3), the backflushing female die mechanism (2) is inserted into a placement area (311), the gear blank (1) is extruded, the gear blank (1) is clamped and positioned through the matching of a female die template (213) and a male die template (323), then the backflushing female die mechanism (2) continues to extrude, an elastic piece (325) compresses, and a punch (321) sequentially performs gradient punching for n+1 times with the gear blank (1) according to the sequence from the length to the length of the punch to form a lightening hole (11), wherein n is more than 1;
Step c, cooling, which is synchronous with the step b, and is carried out by inputting cooling liquid through a cooling liquid inlet (3161) on the punch bottom pad (316), wherein the cooling liquid enters the punch sleeve pad (324) along a cooling liquid pipeline (3221) to cool the punch (321);
step d, discharging the waste, wherein the waste punched by the punch (321) passes through the punched hole (214) and then is discharged from the discharge hole (219) in synchronization with the step b;
step e, ejection, wherein after the punch (321) finishes gradient punching on the gear blank (1) for n+1 times, a driving device drives an ejection block (41) to slide along a sliding groove (3162), so that a recoil ejector rod (42) pushes a punch sleeve pad (324) to extrude a punch template (323), the punch template (323) pushes the gear blank (1), and the gear blank (1) slides along the punch (321) to be separated from a placement area (311);
step four, a step four is carried out; and (3) shaft hole punching, namely transferring the gear blank (1) to a punching device through a material taking manipulator after the gear blank (1) is subjected to weight shearing hole punching and is separated from the placement area (311), and punching the shaft hole by the punching device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910049569.XA CN109482715B (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | Bidirectional gradient punching device and gear blank machining process |
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| CN201910049569.XA CN109482715B (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | Bidirectional gradient punching device and gear blank machining process |
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| CN109482715B true CN109482715B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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| CN112264513B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2023-06-16 | 安徽震祥精工科技有限公司 | Staged punching die |
| CN117299947B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-13 | 河北滚冲精密机械制造有限公司 | Rolling type continuous punching equipment |
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