CN109481067B - 3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109481067B CN109481067B CN201811584165.2A CN201811584165A CN109481067B CN 109481067 B CN109481067 B CN 109481067B CN 201811584165 A CN201811584165 A CN 201811584165A CN 109481067 B CN109481067 B CN 109481067B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
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- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the problems of single design of the occlusal plate, complex procedure in the treatment process and inaccurate manufacture in the treatment process of temporomandibular joint disorder. The occlusal plate comprises tooth occlusion sleeves designed with at least 2 pairs of continuous symmetrical molars, the tooth occlusion sleeves at two sides are connected through a connecting plate, and corresponding tooth placing holes are arranged in the occlusion sleeves; the connecting plates are arranged on the inner side and the outer side, the shape of the bottom surface of the inner side of the tooth occlusion sleeve is consistent with that of the bottom surface of the upper dentition, the bottom surface of the outer side of the tooth occlusion sleeve is effectively occluded with the lower dentition, and the tooth occlusion sleeves are communicated with each other.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments in the oral cavity field, particularly relates to a therapeutic instrument for temporomandibular joint disorder, and particularly relates to a 3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is a common clinical condition in the oral cavity with major clinical manifestations of local soreness or pain in the joints, joint articulation and mandibular movement disorders. The site of pain may be in or around the joint area; and pain with different tenderness; the joint soreness and swelling or pain is particularly obvious when chewing and opening, the bounce occurs when opening the mouth, the ringing can occur at different stages of the mandible movement, and can be crisp single ringing or cracked ringing, the common movement obstacles are mouth opening limitation, jaw deflection during opening, left and right side movement limitation of the mandible and the like. In addition, it is accompanied by temporo pain, dizziness, tinnitus and other symptoms.
In order to reduce the tension degree of temporomandibular joint disorder diseases, a conservative treatment mode usually needs to keep a certain distance between upper and lower teeth by using a foreign object for a long time so as to reduce the tension degree of joints and further treat temporomandibular joint disorder diseases. The currently more effective way of conservative treatment is to wear bite pads (bite plates). The existing occlusal pad model is designed according to the broad spectrum of the conditions of most patients, the occlusion design is single, when doctors perform specific operation, the occlusion treatment has the problems of complex treatment procedure, inaccurate manufacture, need of frequently adjusting occlusal height according to the conditions of the patients, more times of repeated diagnosis of the patients and the like. In addition, the occlusal splint needs to be fixed on the upper teeth by using the hanging ring in the operation process, so that the comfort level is poor; and because the occlusion design is single, the occlusal plate can not completely solve the clinical problems of various temporomandibular joint disorders.
With the development of the digitization technology and the 3D printing technology, the field of applying the digitization technology and the 3D printing technology in clinic is more and more, the digitization technology and the 3D printing technology can be applied to more accurately and rapidly prepare an individualized model or prosthesis according to the self condition of a patient, and due to individuation, the prepared model and prosthesis have high inosculation, good prognosis effect and no need of repeated adjustment. If the digital technology and the 3D printing technology can be reasonably applied to the field of temporomandibular joint disorder diseases, the treatment efficiency of doctors can be greatly improved, and the pain of patients is reduced.
The invention provides a 3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the problems of single design of the occlusal plate, complex procedure and inaccurate manufacture in the treatment process of temporomandibular joint disorder in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that in the prior art, the treatment instrument for the temporomandibular joint disorder disease is single in design, the treatment procedure is complex, the prognosis effect is poor due to poor instrument precision and the like, the invention provides the 3D printed occlusal plate for treating the temporomandibular joint disorder disease and the preparation method thereof by effectively combining the digitization technology and the 3D printing technology.
A preparation method of a 3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder disease comprises the following steps:
data acquisition and processing
1. Utilizing cone beam CT to shoot craniomaxillofacial surface of a patient;
2. respectively scanning data of the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the dentition of the upper and lower jaws when the dentition of the upper and lower jaws are occluded by using a three-dimensional scanner; or scanning data of the upper jaw model, the lower jaw model and the occlusion record;
3. importing the patient cone beam CT data into the matched software of the 3D printer to reconstruct the upper and lower jaw parts of the patient; the head of the patient is placed right according to the orbital-ear plane of the patient;
4. then, the three-dimensional scanning data is also imported into the matched software of the 3D printer, and the upper dentition and the lower dentition are registered to the reconstructed upper and lower jaw dentition parts of the patient;
5. copying the registered upper dentition scanning curved surface data to move upwards by a distance consistent with the thickness of the occlusal pad;
6. and (4) deriving the registered upper dentition scanning data and the upwards-shifted upper dentition scanning data.
(II) guide plate design and production
1. Importing the exported upper dentition scanning data and the upper dentition scanning data after the upper dentition scanning data is moved upwards into CAD software to design the occlusal pad;
2. and printing the designed occlusal pad by using a 3D printer to finish the manufacturing of the occlusal pad.
Further, the 3D printer is matched with software such as Super Virtual software or Proplan software;
furthermore, after the upper dentition is copied and moved upwards, the bottom surface of the lower upper dentition is subjected to fuzzy treatment according to the condition of the lower dentition so as to meet the effective contact between the dentition and the lower dentition and the space for the lower dentition to move left and right.
Or, the image data of the lower dentition, the scanning data of the upper dentition after the upper dentition and the upper tooth row are moved upwards are imported into the CAD, and the bottom surface of the lower upper dentition is subjected to fuzzy processing according to the condition of the lower dentition so as to meet the effective contact between the dentition and the lower dentition and the space of the lower dentition during left-right movement.
Further, the bottom surface of the upper dentition below the lower part is subjected to passivation fuzzy treatment.
Further, the upper dentition and the upper dentition data after the upward movement are physically combined to form an occlusal plate structure with a trepanning in the middle; the inner bottom surface of the trepanning of the occlusal plate is completely consistent with the upper dentition, and the outer bottom surface of the occlusal plate is the bottom surface which is effectively occluded with the lower dentition.
Further, the range of the dentition when the three-dimensional scanner is used for scanning the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the occlusal dentition of the upper and lower jaws respectively is as follows: the scanning range of the maxillary dentition is that the maxillary dentition at least comprises all tooth surfaces and palate parts of 2 symmetrical pairs of molars; the scanning range of the lower jaw dentition is all tooth surfaces of teeth corresponding to the upper dentition; the scanning range when the upper and lower dentitions are occluded is the outer tooth surfaces of the corresponding teeth of the upper and lower dentitions.
Further, the range of the dentition when the three-dimensional scanner is used for scanning the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the occlusal dentition of the upper and lower jaws respectively is as follows: the scanning range of the maxillary dentition is the whole tooth surface and the palate part of all the teeth of the maxillary dentition; the scanning range of the mandibular dentition is all tooth surfaces of all teeth of the mandibular dentition; the scanning range of the occlusal occlusion of the upper and lower dentitions is the outer tooth surface of all teeth.
Or, during CAD design, at least 2 pairs of continuous symmetrical molars are reserved, and the molars at two sides are connected with a connecting plate with the middle matched with the shape of the upper jaw to form the occlusal splint connected by the connecting plate.
Further, during CAD design, all upper dentition teeth are reserved; forming the occlusal plate of the whole dentition.
Further, the upper parts of the inner and outer side surfaces of the occlusal plate are matched with the upper parts of dentition, and the matching degree can ensure effective socket joint.
Further, the upper part of the lateral side of the outer side of the occlusal plate extends 2-5mm upwards to the upper jaw; the upper part of the medial side extends 2-8mm to the medial maxillary aspect. This arrangement further ensures the stability of the bite plate after nesting.
Furthermore, the small particles for increasing the friction force are arranged in the bite plate, so that the retention and the stability of the nesting structure can be further increased, and the bite plate is prevented from falling off.
Further, cone beam CT applies the DICOM3.0 format, with the layer thickness set to 1.25 mm; the shooting range is from the upper edge of the orbit to the lower edge of the mandible;
further, the three-dimensional scanner is Smartoptics, 3shape or a priori
Further, the scanning precision of the three-dimensional scanner is not lower than 15 um;
further, the storage format of the scanning data of the three-dimensional scanner is STL; the format is beneficial to the subsequent matching with each software for image data processing.
Further, the registered upper dentition scanning data are copied and moved upwards by 2-15mm, and the size of the upward movement can meet various temporomandibular joint disorder symptoms;
further, the 3D printed material is a biocompatible material.
Further, the precision of 3D printing is not lower than 50 um;
further, the 3D printed material is a transparent or translucent biocompatible material, which may increase the aesthetic appearance of the resulting bite plate.
The invention also discloses a 3D printed occlusal plate prepared by the method, which comprises at least 2 pairs of tooth occlusion sleeves of continuous symmetrical molars, wherein the tooth occlusion sleeves are matched with the upper dentition, and the tooth occlusion sleeves at two sides are connected through a connecting plate; the connecting plates are arranged on the inner side and the outer side, and the shapes of the connecting plate on the inner side and the connecting plate on the outer side are consistent with those of the inner side and the outer side of the top of the upper jaw or the upper dentition; when the occlusal splint is inosculated with all upper dentition teeth, the connecting plate is not arranged; the shape of the inner bottom surface of the tooth occlusion sleeve is consistent with that of the upper dentition, the outer bottom surface of the tooth occlusion sleeve is effectively occluded with the lower dentition, and the tooth occlusion sleeves are communicated with each other.
Further, the outer bottom surface of the tooth occlusion sleeve is passivated, so that the outer bottom surface of the occlusion sleeve can meet the effective occlusion when the lower dentition moves left and right.
Further, the thickness of the dental occlusion sleeve is in the range of 1.5-10mm, and this posterior end can satisfy most temporomandibular joint disorder conditions.
Further, the thickness of the bottom surface of the tooth occlusion sleeve is 2-5 mm; the thickness of the side surface and/or the connecting plate is 1.5-5 mm; the arrangement can ensure effective separation of the upper jaw and the lower jaw and reduce material loss of the side surface.
Further, the bite plate includes 2 pairs of continuous symmetrical molar bite sleeves, specifically two pairs of continuous symmetrical molar bite sleeves of the first molar and the second molar. This arrangement ensures stability of the structural configuration at the minimum of the bite set arrangements.
Further, the bite plate includes 3 pairs of molar bite covers of continuous symmetry, specifically is that first molar and second molar and wisdom tooth 3 pairs of molar bite covers of continuous symmetry.
Further, the inner side connecting plate is anastomosed to the inner part or the upper part of the upper jaw by 2-5mm at the base of the dentition; the upper jaw of the outer side connecting plate on the base of the dentition is anastomosed by 2-5 mm. This arrangement ensures stability in fitting.
Furthermore, the connecting plate on the inner side and the connecting plate on the outer side are integrally connected with the occlusion sleeve.
Or the connecting plate on the inner side and the connecting plate on the outer side are connected with the meshing sleeve in a combined mode, and the connecting plates and the combined bag are made of different materials.
Further, the bite plate includes a fit to all of the upper dentition teeth. In this way, the bite plate can be effectively sleeved with the upper dentition.
Further, the upper parts of the inner and outer side surfaces of the occlusal plate are matched with the upper parts of dentition, and the matching degree can ensure effective socket joint.
Further, the upper part of the lateral side of the outer side of the occlusal plate extends 2-5mm upwards to the upper jaw; the upper part of the lateral surface of the inner side extends 2-5mm to the inner side or the upper side of the upper jaw. This arrangement further ensures the stability of the bite plate after nesting.
Further, small particles for increasing friction are provided on the inner side of the bite plate near the teeth or the maxillary skin. The friction force is effectively increased by arranging the small particles, and the stability of the bite plate after the nesting is further increased.
Furthermore, the small particles are sprayed and adhered to the inner surface of the occlusal plate by a particle spraying gun, so that the mode is more concise and convenient.
Further, the material of the bite plate is made of a biocompatible material.
Further, the material precision of the bite plate is not lower than 50 um;
further, the bite plate is made of a biocompatible material that is transparent or translucent, which may increase the aesthetic appearance of the resulting bite plate.
When the appliance is used, the occluding plate is only required to be sleeved on the upper dentition of a patient, the sleeving is very stable due to the completely matched design, and the stability of the sleeving can be further improved due to the further arrangement of the small particle structure.
Compared with the bite plate instrument in the prior art, the bite plate in the technical scheme has individuality, high inosculation and strong pertinence due to digital scanning and processing, does not need repeated debugging of doctors, and is simple and convenient to use.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall front view of the bite plate with total dentition according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall front view of the bite plate with total dentition according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the occlusal plate with all dentitions of the present invention as seen from above;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the lower side of the bite plate with all dentitions of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a longitudinal cross-sectional structure of an occlusal plate with full dentition according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic front view of an overall dental articulator in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 7 is a rear view of the entire structure of the bite plate with partial dentition according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a tooth occlusion sleeve; 11. a first molar engaging sleeve; 12. a second molar engaging sleeve; 13. a third molar engaging sleeve; 14. a middle incisor bite sleeve; 15. a lateral incisor bite sleeve; 16. a cuspid bite sleeve; 17. a first premolar engagement sleeve; 18. a second premolar engagement sleeve; 21. an inner connecting plate; 22. an outer connecting plate; 311. an inner bottom surface; 312. an outer bottom surface; 32. the upper part of the lateral surface of the outer side; 33. the upper part of the inner side; 4. placing the holes.
Detailed Description
The attached drawing is only a schematic structural diagram, and a person skilled in the art can well obtain a structural diagram according with clinical needs by combining the attached drawing and clinical practice.
Example 1A method of preparing a 3D printed bite plate for the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders
A preparation method of a 3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder disease comprises the following steps:
data acquisition and processing
1. Utilizing cone beam CT to shoot craniomaxillofacial surface of a patient; cone beam CT applies the DICOM3.0 format with the layer thickness set to 1.25 mm; the range of the shots is from the superior orbital margin to the inferior mandibular margin.
2. Respectively scanning data of the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the dentition of the upper and lower jaws when the dentition of the upper and lower jaws are occluded by using a three-dimensional scanner; the range of the dentition when the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the occlusal dentition of the upper and lower jaws are respectively scanned by the three-dimensional scanner is as follows: the scanning range of the maxillary dentition is that the maxillary dentition at least comprises all tooth surfaces and palate parts of 2 symmetrical pairs of molars; the scanning range of the lower jaw dentition is all tooth surfaces of teeth corresponding to the upper dentition; the scanning range when the upper and lower dentitions are occluded is that the upper and lower dentitions correspond to the outer tooth surfaces of the teeth; the three-dimensional scanner is Smartoptics, 3shape or the first-come; the scanning precision of the three-dimensional scanner is not lower than 15 um; the storage format of the scanning data of the three-dimensional scanner is STL; the format is beneficial to the subsequent matching with each software for image data processing.
3. Leading the patient cone beam CT data into Super Virtual software or Proplan software to reconstruct the upper and lower jaw parts of the patient; the head of the patient is placed right according to the orbital-ear plane of the patient;
4. then, the three-dimensional scanning data is also imported into Super Virtual software or Proplan software, and the upper dentition and the lower dentition are registered to the reconstructed dentition parts of the upper jaw and the lower jaw of the patient;
5. copying the registered upper dentition scanning curved surface data to move upwards by a distance consistent with the thickness of the occlusal pad; the specific distance is 2-15mm, and the upward movement size can meet various temporomandibular joint disorder diseases; after the upper dentition is copied and moved upwards, the bottom surface of the lower upper dentition is subjected to fuzzy treatment according to the condition of the lower dentition so as to meet the effective contact between the dentition and the lower dentition and the space of the lower dentition during left-right movement. Blurring upper dentition passivation
6. And (4) deriving the registered upper dentition scanning data and the upwards-shifted upper dentition scanning data.
(II) guide plate design and production
1. Importing the exported upper dentition scanning data and the upper dentition scanning data after the upper dentition scanning data is moved upwards into CAD software to design the occlusal pad; the upper dentition and the upper dentition data after the upward movement are physically combined to form an occlusal plate structure with a trepanning in the middle; the inner bottom surface of the trepanning of the bite plate is completely consistent with the upper dentition, and the outer bottom surface 312 of the bite plate is a bottom surface which is effectively occluded with the lower dentition; the upper portions 32 of the inner and outer sides of the bite plate are engaged with the upper portion of the dentition, and this engagement ensures effective socket joint. The lateral upper part 32 of the outer side of the bite plate extends 2-5mm upwards to the upper jaw; the upper part 33 of the lateral surface of the inner side extends 2-8mm to the inner side of the maxilla. This arrangement further ensures the stability of the bite plate after nesting.
And importing the image data of the lower dentition, the scanning data of the upper dentition after the upper dentition and the upper tooth row are moved upwards into the CAD, and performing fuzzy processing on the bottom surface of the lower upper dentition according to the condition of the lower dentition so as to meet the requirements of effective contact between the tooth surface and the lower dentition and the space of the lower dentition during left-right movement. And (4) carrying out passivation fuzzy treatment on the bottom surface of the upper dentition below the upper dentition.
2. And printing the designed occlusal pad by using a 3D printer to finish the manufacturing of the occlusal pad.
The small particles for increasing friction force are arranged in the bite plate, so that the retention and stability of the sleeving structure can be further increased, and the bite plate is prevented from falling off. The 3D printed material is a transparent or translucent biocompatible material. The precision of 3D printing is not lower than 50 um.
Example 2A method of preparing a 3D printed bite plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder
A preparation method of a 3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder disease comprises the following steps:
data acquisition and processing
3. Utilizing cone beam CT to shoot craniomaxillofacial surface of a patient; cone beam CT applies the DICOM3.0 format with the layer thickness set to 1.25 mm; the shooting range is from the upper edge of the orbit to the lower edge of the mandible
4. Respectively scanning data of the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the dentition of the upper and lower jaws when the dentition of the upper and lower jaws are occluded by using a three-dimensional scanner; the range of the dentition when the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the occlusal dentition of the upper and lower jaws are respectively scanned by the three-dimensional scanner is as follows: the scanning range of the lower jaw dentition is all tooth surfaces of teeth corresponding to the upper dentition; the scanning range when the upper and lower dentitions are occluded is that the upper and lower dentitions correspond to the outer tooth surfaces of the teeth; the three-dimensional scanner is Smartoptics, 3shape or the first-come; the scanning precision of the three-dimensional scanner is not lower than 15 um; the storage format of the scanning data of the three-dimensional scanner is STL; the format is beneficial to the subsequent matching with each software for image data processing.
The range of the dentition when the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the occlusal dentition of the upper and lower jaws are respectively scanned by the three-dimensional scanner is as follows: the scanning range of the maxillary dentition is the whole tooth surface and the palate part of all the teeth of the maxillary dentition; the scanning range of the mandibular dentition is all tooth surfaces of all teeth of the mandibular dentition; the scanning range of the occlusal occlusion of the upper and lower dentitions is the outer tooth surface of all teeth.
3. Leading the patient cone beam CT data into Super Virtual software or Proplan software to reconstruct the upper and lower jaw parts of the patient; the head of the patient is placed right according to the orbital-ear plane of the patient;
4. then, the three-dimensional scanning data is also imported into Super Virtual software or Proplan software, and the upper dentition and the lower dentition are registered to the reconstructed dentition parts of the upper jaw and the lower jaw of the patient;
5. copying the registered upper dentition scanning curved surface data to move upwards by a distance consistent with the thickness of the occlusal pad; the specific distance is 2-15mm, and the upward movement size can meet various temporomandibular joint disorder diseases;
6. and (4) deriving the registered upper dentition scanning data and the upwards-shifted upper dentition scanning data.
(II) guide plate design and production
1. Importing the exported upper dentition scanning data and the upper dentition scanning data after the upper dentition scanning data is moved upwards into CAD software to design the occlusal pad; the upper dentition and the upper dentition data after the upward movement are physically combined to form an occlusal plate structure with a trepanning in the middle; the inner bottom surface of the trepanning of the bite plate is completely consistent with the upper dentition, and the outer bottom surface 312 of the bite plate is a bottom surface which is effectively occluded with the lower dentition; during CAD design, at least 2 pairs of continuous symmetrical molars are reserved, and the molars at two sides are connected with a connecting plate with the middle matched with the shape of the upper jaw to form an occlusal plate connected by the connecting plate.
The upper portions 32 of the inner and outer sides of the bite plate are engaged with the upper portion of the dentition, and this engagement ensures effective socket joint. The lateral upper part 32 of the outer side of the bite plate extends 2-5mm upwards to the upper jaw; the upper part 33 of the lateral surface of the inner side extends 2-8mm to the inner side of the maxilla. This arrangement further ensures the stability of the bite plate after nesting.
And importing the image data of the lower dentition, the scanning data of the upper dentition after the upper dentition and the upper tooth row are moved upwards into the CAD, and performing fuzzy processing on the bottom surface of the lower upper dentition according to the condition of the lower dentition so as to meet the requirements of effective contact between the tooth surface and the lower dentition and the space of the lower dentition during left-right movement. And (4) carrying out passivation fuzzy treatment on the bottom surface of the upper dentition below the upper dentition.
3. And printing the designed occlusal pad by using a 3D printer to finish the manufacturing of the occlusal pad.
The small particles for increasing friction force are arranged in the bite plate, so that the retention and stability of the sleeving structure can be further increased, and the bite plate is prevented from falling off. The 3D printed material is a transparent or translucent biocompatible material. The precision of 3D printing is not lower than 50 um.
Example 3A method for preparing a 3D printed bite plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorders
A preparation method of a 3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder disease comprises the following steps:
data acquisition and processing
5. Utilizing cone beam CT to shoot craniomaxillofacial surface of a patient; cone beam CT applies the DICOM3.0 format with the layer thickness set to 1.25 mm; the shooting range is from the upper edge of the orbit to the lower edge of the mandible
6. Respectively scanning data of the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the dentition of the upper and lower jaws when the dentition of the upper and lower jaws are occluded by using a three-dimensional scanner; the range of the dentition when the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the occlusal dentition of the upper and lower jaws are respectively scanned by the three-dimensional scanner is as follows: the scanning range when the upper and lower dentitions are occluded is that the upper and lower dentitions correspond to the outer tooth surfaces of the teeth; the three-dimensional scanner is Smartoptics, 3shape or the first-come; the scanning precision of the three-dimensional scanner is not lower than 15 um; the storage format of the scanning data of the three-dimensional scanner is STL; the format is beneficial to the subsequent matching with each software for image data processing.
Further, the range of the dentition when the three-dimensional scanner is used for scanning the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the occlusal dentition of the upper and lower jaws respectively is as follows: the scanning range of the maxillary dentition is the whole tooth surface and the palate part of all the teeth of the maxillary dentition; the scanning range of the mandibular dentition is all tooth surfaces of all teeth of the mandibular dentition; the scanning range of the occlusal occlusion of the upper and lower dentitions is the outer tooth surface of all teeth.
3. Leading the patient cone beam CT data into Super Virtual software or Proplan software to reconstruct the upper and lower jaw parts of the patient; the head of the patient is placed right according to the orbital-ear plane of the patient;
4. then, the three-dimensional scanning data is also imported into Super Virtual software or Proplan software, and the upper dentition and the lower dentition are registered to the reconstructed dentition parts of the upper jaw and the lower jaw of the patient;
5. copying the registered upper dentition scanning curved surface data to move upwards by a distance consistent with the thickness of the occlusal pad; the specific distance is 2-15mm, and the upward movement size can meet various temporomandibular joint disorder diseases; after the upper dentition is copied and moved upwards, the bottom surface of the lower upper dentition is subjected to fuzzy treatment according to the condition of the lower dentition so as to meet the effective contact between the dentition and the lower dentition and the space of the lower dentition during left-right movement. Fuzzy treatment for passivating bottom surface of lower upper dentition
6. And (4) deriving the registered upper dentition scanning data and the upwards-shifted upper dentition scanning data.
(II) guide plate design and production
1. Importing the exported upper dentition scanning data and the upper dentition scanning data after the upper dentition scanning data is moved upwards into CAD software to design the occlusal pad; the upper dentition and the upper dentition data after the upward movement are physically combined to form an occlusal plate structure with a trepanning in the middle; the inner bottom surface of the trepanning of the bite plate is completely consistent with the upper dentition, and the outer bottom surface 312 of the bite plate is a bottom surface which is effectively occluded with the lower dentition; during CAD design, all upper dentition teeth are reserved; forming the occlusal plate of the whole dentition. The upper portions 32 of the inner and outer sides of the bite plate are engaged with the upper portion of the dentition, and this engagement ensures effective socket joint.
The lateral upper part 32 of the outer side of the bite plate extends 2-5mm upwards to the upper jaw; the upper part 33 of the lateral surface of the inner side extends 2-8mm to the inner side of the maxilla. This arrangement further ensures the stability of the bite plate after nesting.
And importing the image data of the lower dentition, the scanning data of the upper dentition after the upper dentition and the upper tooth row are moved upwards into the CAD, and performing fuzzy processing on the bottom surface of the lower upper dentition according to the condition of the lower dentition so as to meet the requirements of effective contact between the tooth surface and the lower dentition and the space of the lower dentition during left-right movement. And (4) carrying out passivation fuzzy treatment on the bottom surface of the upper dentition below the upper dentition.
4. And printing the designed occlusal pad by using a 3D printer to finish the manufacturing of the occlusal pad.
The small particles for increasing friction force are arranged in the bite plate, so that the retention and stability of the sleeving structure can be further increased, and the bite plate is prevented from falling off. The 3D printed material is a transparent or translucent biocompatible material. The precision of 3D printing is not lower than 50 um.
EXAMPLE 4A method of preparing a 3D printed bite plate for the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders
A preparation method of a 3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder disease comprises the following steps:
data acquisition and processing
7. Utilizing cone beam CT to shoot craniomaxillofacial surface of a patient; cone beam CT applies the DICOM3.0 format with the layer thickness set to 1.25 mm; the shooting range is from the upper edge of the orbit to the lower edge of the mandible
8. Respectively scanning data of the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the dentition of the upper and lower jaws when the dentition of the upper and lower jaws are occluded by using a three-dimensional scanner; the range of the dentition when the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the occlusal dentition of the upper and lower jaws are respectively scanned by the three-dimensional scanner is as follows: the scanning range when the upper and lower dentitions are occluded is that the upper and lower dentitions correspond to the outer tooth surfaces of the teeth; the three-dimensional scanner is Smartoptics, 3shape or the first-come; the scanning precision of the three-dimensional scanner is not lower than 15 um; the storage format of the scanning data of the three-dimensional scanner is STL; the format is beneficial to the subsequent matching with each software for image data processing.
The range of the dentition when the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the occlusal dentition of the upper and lower jaws are respectively scanned by the three-dimensional scanner is as follows: the scanning range of the maxillary dentition is the whole tooth surface and the palate part of all the teeth of the maxillary dentition; the scanning range of the mandibular dentition is all tooth surfaces of all teeth of the mandibular dentition; the scanning range of the occlusal occlusion of the upper and lower dentitions is the outer tooth surface of all teeth.
3. Leading the patient cone beam CT data into Super Virtual software or Proplan software to reconstruct the upper and lower jaw parts of the patient; the head of the patient is placed right according to the orbital-ear plane of the patient;
4. then, the three-dimensional scanning data is also imported into Super Virtual software or Proplan software, and the upper dentition and the lower dentition are registered to the reconstructed dentition parts of the upper jaw and the lower jaw of the patient;
5. copying the registered upper dentition scanning curved surface data to move upwards by a distance consistent with the thickness of the occlusal pad; the specific distance is 2-15mm, and the upward movement size can meet various temporomandibular joint disorder diseases;
6. and (4) deriving the registered upper dentition scanning data and the upwards-shifted upper dentition scanning data.
(II) guide plate design and production
1. Importing the exported upper dentition scanning data and the upper dentition scanning data after the upper dentition scanning data is moved upwards into CAD software to design the occlusal pad; the upper dentition and the upper dentition data after the upward movement are physically combined to form an occlusal plate structure with a trepanning in the middle; the inner bottom surface of the trepanning of the bite plate is completely consistent with the upper dentition, and the outer bottom surface 312 of the bite plate is a bottom surface which is effectively occluded with the lower dentition; during CAD design, all upper dentition teeth are reserved; forming the occlusal plate of the whole dentition. The upper portions 32 of the inner and outer sides of the bite plate are engaged with the upper portion of the dentition, and this engagement ensures effective socket joint.
The lateral upper part 32 of the outer side of the bite plate extends 2-5mm upwards to the upper jaw; the upper part 33 of the lateral surface of the inner side extends 2-8mm to the inner side of the maxilla. This arrangement further ensures the stability of the bite plate after nesting.
And importing the image data of the lower dentition, the scanning data of the upper dentition after the upper dentition and the upper tooth row are moved upwards into the CAD, and performing fuzzy processing on the bottom surface of the lower upper dentition according to the condition of the lower dentition so as to meet the requirements of effective contact between the tooth surface and the lower dentition and the space of the lower dentition during left-right movement. And (4) carrying out passivation fuzzy treatment on the bottom surface of the upper dentition below the upper dentition.
5. And printing the designed occlusal pad by using a 3D printer to finish the manufacturing of the occlusal pad.
The small particles for increasing friction force are arranged in the bite plate, so that the retention and stability of the sleeving structure can be further increased, and the bite plate is prevented from falling off. The 3D printed material is a transparent or translucent biocompatible material. The precision of 3D printing is not lower than 50 um.
Example 5A 3D printed dental articulator for the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders
A3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder comprises 2 pairs of continuous symmetrical molar occlusal sleeves inosculated with upper dentition, and corresponding tooth placing holes 4 are arranged in the occlusal sleeves; the two sides of the molar occlusion sleeves are connected through connecting plates, and the molar occlusion sleeves are characterized in that the connecting plates are arranged at the inner side and the outer side, and the shapes of the connecting plates at the inner side and the outer side are consistent with the inner side and the outer side of the top of the upper jaw or the upper dentition; the shape of the inner bottom surface 311 of the tooth occlusion sleeve 1 is consistent with that of the tooth bottom surface, the outer bottom surface 312 of the tooth occlusion sleeve 1 is effectively occluded with the lower dentition, and the tooth occlusion sleeves 1 are communicated with each other. The 2 pairs of molar occlusion sleeves of continuous symmetry are the molar occlusion sleeves of first and second molars and wisdom tooth 2 pairs of continuous symmetry, form a pair of first molar occlusion sleeves 11 and a pair of second molar occlusion sleeves 12.
The outer bottom surface 312 of the tooth occlusion sleeve 1 is passivated, so that the outer bottom surface 312 of the occlusion sleeve can meet the effective occlusion when the lower dentition moves left and right.
The bottom surface of the molar occlusion sleeve is 2-10mm thick; the thickness of the side surface and/or the connecting plate is 2-5 mm; the arrangement can ensure effective separation of the upper jaw and the lower jaw and reduce material loss of the side surface.
This arrangement ensures stability of the structural configuration at the minimum of the bite set arrangements.
The inner connecting plate 21 is anastomosed to the inner part or the upper part of the upper jaw at the base of the dentition by 2-5 mm; the upper jaw of the lateral connecting plate 22 on the base of the dentition is anastomosed by 2-5 mm. This arrangement ensures stability in fitting. The connecting plate on the inner side and the connecting plate on the outer side are integrally connected with the occlusion sleeve. The connecting plate of inboard and the connecting plate and the interlock cover combination of outside are connected, and the connecting plate chooses different materials with the combination package for use.
The upper portions 32 of the inner and outer sides of the bite plate are engaged with the upper portion of the dentition, and this engagement ensures effective socket joint. The lateral upper part 32 of the outer side of the bite plate extends 2-5mm upwards to the upper jaw; the lateral upper part 33 of the inner side extends 2-5mm towards the inner or upper side of the maxilla. This arrangement further ensures the stability of the bite plate after nesting.
Small particles for increasing friction are arranged on the inner side of the occlusal plate close to teeth or maxillary skin. The friction force is effectively increased by arranging the small particles, and the stability of the bite plate after the nesting is further increased. The small particles are sprayed and adhered to the inner surface of the occlusal plate by a particle spraying gun, and the mode is more concise and convenient.
The bite plate is made of a transparent or translucent biocompatible material, which may increase the aesthetic appearance of the resulting bite plate. The material precision of the bite plate is not lower than 50 um;
example 6A 3D printed dental articulator for the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders
A3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder comprises 3 pairs of continuous symmetrical molar occlusal sleeves inosculated with upper dentition, and corresponding tooth placing holes 4 are arranged in the occlusal sleeves; the two sides of the molar occlusion sleeves are connected through connecting plates, and the molar occlusion sleeves are characterized in that the connecting plates are arranged at the inner side and the outer side, and the shapes of the connecting plates at the inner side and the outer side are consistent with the inner side and the outer side of the top of the upper jaw or the upper dentition; the shape of the inner bottom surface 311 of the tooth occlusion sleeve 1 is consistent with that of the tooth bottom surface, the outer bottom surface 312 of the tooth occlusion sleeve 1 is effectively occluded with the lower dentition, and the tooth occlusion sleeves 1 are communicated with each other. The 3 pairs of molar occlusion sleeves of continuous symmetry are the molar occlusion sleeves of first molar and second molar and wisdom tooth 3 pairs of continuous symmetry, form a pair of first molar occlusion sleeve 11, a pair of second molar occlusion sleeve 12 and third molar occlusion sleeve 13.
The outer bottom surface 312 of the tooth occlusion sleeve 1 is passivated, so that the outer bottom surface 312 of the occlusion sleeve can meet the effective occlusion when the lower dentition moves left and right.
The bottom surface of the molar occlusion sleeve is 2-10mm thick; the thickness of the side surface and/or the connecting plate is 2-5 mm; the arrangement can ensure effective separation of the upper jaw and the lower jaw and reduce material loss of the side surface.
This arrangement ensures stability of the structural configuration at the minimum of the bite set arrangements.
The inner connecting plate 21 is anastomosed to the inner part or the upper part of the upper jaw at the base of the dentition by 2-5 mm; the upper jaw of the lateral connecting plate 22 on the base of the dentition is anastomosed by 2-5 mm. This arrangement ensures stability in fitting. The connecting plate on the inner side and the connecting plate on the outer side are integrally connected with the occlusion sleeve. The connecting plate of inboard and the connecting plate and the interlock cover combination of outside are connected, and the connecting plate chooses different materials with the combination package for use.
The upper portions 32 of the inner and outer sides of the bite plate are engaged with the upper portion of the dentition, and this engagement ensures effective socket joint. The lateral upper part 32 of the outer side of the bite plate extends 2-5mm upwards to the upper jaw; the lateral upper part 33 of the inner side extends 2-5mm towards the inner or upper side of the maxilla. This arrangement further ensures the stability of the bite plate after nesting.
Small particles for increasing friction are arranged on the inner side of the occlusal plate close to teeth or maxillary skin. The friction force is effectively increased by arranging the small particles, and the stability of the bite plate after the nesting is further increased. The small particles are sprayed and adhered to the inner surface of the occlusal plate by a particle spraying gun, and the mode is more concise and convenient.
The bite plate is made of a transparent or translucent biocompatible material, which may increase the aesthetic appearance of the resulting bite plate. The material precision of the bite plate is not lower than 50 um.
Example 7A 3D printed dental articulator for the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders
A3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder comprises a tooth occlusion sleeve 1 which is inosculated with all teeth of an upper dentition, and a corresponding tooth placing hole 4 is arranged in the occlusion sleeve; the shape of the inner bottom surface 311 of the tooth occlusion sleeve 1 is consistent with that of the tooth bottom surfaces of the upper dentition, the outer bottom surface 312 of the tooth occlusion sleeve 1 is effectively occluded with the lower dentition, and the tooth occlusion sleeves 1 are communicated with each other. Forming a pair of first molar engaging sleeves 11; a pair of second molar engaging sleeves 12; a pair of third molar engaging sleeves 13; a pair of incisor occlusal sleeves 14; a pair of lateral incisor occlusal sleeves 15; a pair of canine engaging sleeves 16; a pair of first premolar occlusal sleeves 17; a pair of second premolar engagement sleeves 18; wherein the third molar engagement sleeve 13 may be absent; all the occlusion sleeves are communicated and connected with each other.
The outer bottom surface 312 of each tooth occlusion sleeve 1 is passivated, so that the outer bottom surface 312 of the occlusion sleeve can meet the effective occlusion when the lower dentition moves left and right.
The bottom surface of the tooth occlusion sleeve 1 is 2-5mm thick; the thickness of the side surface and/or the connecting plate is 1.5-5 mm; the arrangement can ensure effective separation of the upper jaw and the lower jaw and reduce material loss of the side surface.
The upper portions 32 of the inner and outer sides of the bite plate are engaged with the upper portion of the dentition, and this engagement ensures effective socket joint.
The lateral upper part 32 of the outer side of the bite plate extends 2-5mm upwards to the upper jaw; the lateral upper part 33 of the inner side extends 2-5mm towards the inner or upper side of the maxilla. This arrangement further ensures the stability of the bite plate after nesting.
Small particles for increasing friction are arranged on the inner side of the occlusal plate close to teeth or maxillary skin. The friction force is effectively increased by arranging the small particles, and the stability of the bite plate after the nesting is further increased. The small particles are sprayed and adhered to the inner surface of the occlusal plate by a particle spraying gun, and the mode is more concise and convenient.
The bite plate is made of a transparent or translucent biocompatible material, which may increase the aesthetic appearance of the resulting bite plate. The material precision of the bite plate is not lower than 50 um.
The above description of the embodiments is only for the understanding of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications could be made to the invention without departing from the principle of the invention, which would also fall within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a 3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder disease comprises the following steps:
data acquisition and processing
1) Shooting the craniomaxillofacial surface of a patient by utilizing cone beam CT, wherein the DICOM3.0 format is applied to the cone beam CT, and the layer thickness is set to be 1.25 mm; the shooting range is from the upper edge of the orbit to the lower edge of the mandible;
2) respectively scanning data of the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the dentition of the upper and lower jaws when the dentition of the upper and lower jaws are occluded by using a three-dimensional scanner; or scanning data of the upper jaw model, the lower jaw model and occlusion records, wherein the three-dimensional scanner is Smartoptics and 3shape, and the scanning precision of the three-dimensional scanner is not lower than 15 um;
3) importing the patient cone beam CT data into the matched software of the 3D printer to reconstruct the upper and lower jaw parts of the patient; the head of the patient is placed right according to the orbital-ear plane of the patient;
4) then, the three-dimensional scanning data is also imported into the matched software of the 3D printer, and the upper dentition and the lower dentition are registered to the reconstructed upper and lower jaw dentition parts of the patient;
5) copying the registered upper dentition scanning curved surface data to move upwards by a distance consistent with the thickness of the occlusal plate;
6) deriving the registered upper dentition scanning data and the upper dentition scanning data after moving upwards;
(II) guide plate design and production
1) Importing the exported upper dentition scanning data and the upper dentition scanning data after the upper dentition scanning data is moved upwards into CAD software to design the occlusal splint;
2) printing the designed occlusal plate by using a 3D printer to finish the manufacturing of the occlusal plate;
the upper part of the lateral surface of the outer side of the occlusal plate extends 2-5mm upwards to the upper jaw; the upper part of the lateral surface of the inner side extends 2-8mm to the inner side of the upper jaw;
after the upper dentition is copied and moved upwards, the bottom surface of the lower upper dentition is subjected to fuzzy processing according to the condition of the lower dentition; or
And importing the image data of the lower dentition, the scanning data of the upper dentition after the upper dentition and the upper tooth row are moved upwards into CAD, and performing fuzzy processing on the bottom surface of the lower upper dentition according to the condition of the lower dentition.
2. The method for preparing a 3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder according to claim 1, wherein the data of the upper dentition and the upper dentition after the upward shift are physically combined to form an occlusal plate structure with a trepanned middle; the inner bottom surface of the trepanning of the occlusal plate is completely consistent with the upper dentition, and the outer bottom surface (312) of the occlusal plate is a bottom surface which is effectively occluded with the lower dentition.
3. The method for preparing a 3D printed bite plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder according to claim 1, wherein the range of the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the occlusal dentition when the maxillary, mandibular and maxillary dentitions are respectively scanned by the three-dimensional scanner is: the scanning range of the maxillary dentition is that the maxillary dentition at least comprises all tooth surfaces and palate parts of 2 symmetrical pairs of molars; the scanning range of the lower jaw dentition is all tooth surfaces of teeth corresponding to the upper dentition; the scanning range when the upper and lower dentitions are occluded is the outer tooth surfaces of the corresponding teeth of the upper and lower dentitions.
4. The method for preparing a 3D printed bite plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder according to claim 1, wherein the range of the maxillary dentition, the mandibular dentition and the occlusal dentition when the maxillary, mandibular and maxillary dentitions are respectively scanned by the three-dimensional scanner is: the scanning range of the maxillary dentition is the whole tooth surface and the palate part of all the teeth of the maxillary dentition; the scanning range of the mandibular dentition is all tooth surfaces of all teeth of the mandibular dentition; the scanning range of the occlusal occlusion of the upper and lower dentitions is the outer tooth surface of all teeth.
5. The method for preparing a 3D printed bite plate for the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorder according to claim 1, wherein at least 2 pairs of consecutive symmetrical molars are retained during CAD design, and the molars on both sides are connected by a connecting plate having the middle matching the shape of the upper jaw to form a bite plate connected by the connecting plate; or, during CAD design, all upper dentition teeth are reserved; forming the occlusal plate of the whole dentition.
6. 3D printed occlusal plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising at least 2 pairs of tooth occlusal sleeves (1) of successive symmetrical molars fitted to the upper dentition, the tooth occlusal sleeves (1) on both sides being connected by a connecting plate, characterized in that corresponding tooth placement holes (4) are provided in the occlusal sleeves; the connecting plates are arranged on the inner side and the outer side, and the shapes of the connecting plate on the inner side and the connecting plate on the outer side are consistent with those of the inner side and the outer side of the top of the upper jaw or the upper dentition; the shape of the inner bottom surface (311) of the tooth occlusion sleeve (1) is consistent with that of the tooth bottom surface of the upper dentition, the outer bottom surface (312) of the tooth occlusion sleeve (1) is effectively occluded with the lower dentition, and the tooth occlusion sleeves (1) are mutually communicated and connected.
7. The 3D printed bite plate for the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders according to claim 6, wherein the bite plate comprises 2 pairs of consecutive symmetrical molar occlusions, in particular two pairs of consecutive symmetrical molar occlusions of a first molar and a second molar.
8. The 3D printed bite plate for treating temporomandibular joint disorder according to claim 6, wherein the bite plate comprises 3 pairs of consecutive symmetrical molar bite sleeves, in particular 3 pairs of consecutive symmetrical molar bite sleeves of the first and second molars and the wisdom teeth.
9. The 3D printed bite plate for the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorder according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the medial web (21) is anastomosed 2-5mm inside or above the upper jaw at the base of the dentition; the outer connecting plate (22) is anastomosed to the upper maxillary part at the base of the dentition by 2-5 mm.
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| CN110215304B (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2022-02-11 | 深圳市倍康美医疗电子商务有限公司 | Method for manufacturing molar heightening guide plate and molar heightening guide plate |
| CN110328856B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-04-30 | 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 | Method for manufacturing digital occlusal plate |
| CN110368110B (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-02-12 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | Method for manufacturing appliance for keeping median relation position |
| CN110667102A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-10 | 天津市口腔医院 | Manufacturing method of repositioning bite plate for treating recoverable anterior displacement of temporomandibular joint disc and repositioning bite plate |
| CN111358470A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-03 | 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 | Partial jaw measuring instrument based on 3D printing |
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| CN111658257B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-11-01 | 北京为开数字科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of digital guiding stable occlusion pad and stable occlusion pad |
| CN114010347B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2024-06-04 | 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 | Self-fixing type individuation mandibular retainer and construction method thereof |
| CN112353515B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-08-10 | 四川大学 | Digital occlusion adjustment guide plate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112603580A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-06 | 福建医科大学附属口腔医院 | Rat anterior anti-jaw dental crown and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN117796936B (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-04-30 | 四川大学 | Manufacturing method of serial repositioning biting plates guided by full-digital technology |
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