CN109477972A - The multilayer high grade of transparency display generated for light field - Google Patents

The multilayer high grade of transparency display generated for light field Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109477972A
CN109477972A CN201780043691.5A CN201780043691A CN109477972A CN 109477972 A CN109477972 A CN 109477972A CN 201780043691 A CN201780043691 A CN 201780043691A CN 109477972 A CN109477972 A CN 109477972A
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China
Prior art keywords
display
pixel
transparent
light
image
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CN201780043691.5A
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CN109477972B (en
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塞尔希奥·佩迪塞斯-冈萨雷斯
赛义德·萨迪
埃内斯特·雷赫马图拉·波斯特
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from US15/629,091 external-priority patent/US10565925B2/en
Priority claimed from US15/649,587 external-priority patent/US10554962B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/366—Image reproducers using viewer tracking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/50—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels
    • G02B30/52—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels the 3D volume being constructed from a stack or sequence of 2D planes, e.g. depth sampling systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/388—Volumetric displays, i.e. systems where the image is built up from picture elements distributed through a volume
    • H04N13/395—Volumetric displays, i.e. systems where the image is built up from picture elements distributed through a volume with depth sampling, i.e. the volume being constructed from a stack or sequence of 2D image planes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/02—Composition of display devices
    • G09G2300/023—Display panel composed of stacked panels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

It is a kind of to show that equipment may include the first display and multiple transparent displays for being configured as generating image.Each of multiple transparent displays can be configured as the slice for generating image to provide depth and 3-D effect to image, or at least one of multiple transparent displays can be configured as blocking, diffusion or scattering light associated with the image generated by the first display, so that the different user in multiple users sees the different content derived from the image generated by the first display.Each transparent display can be substantial transparent.In addition it is possible to use smectic C liquid crystal makes at least one of multiple transparent displays.

Description

The multilayer high grade of transparency display generated for light field
Technical field
The disclosure relates generally to electronic consoles.
Background technique
There are a variety of different types of electronic visible displays, such as liquid crystal display (LCD), light emitting diode (LED) Display, Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display, polymer color dispersion-type liquid crystal display, electrochromic display device (ECD), electrophoresis Display and electric moistening display.Some displays are configured as with specific frame rate rendering color images or video, and its His display can show static or semi-static content with colored or black and white.Display can be provided as the one of following item Part: desktop computer, laptop computer, tablet computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), smart phone, wearable device (for example, smartwatch), satellite navigation, portable media player, portable game machine, digital signage, billboard, from Help service terminal computer, point of sale device or other suitable equipment.Control panel used in automobile or family or shape State screen or other electric appliances may include display.Display may include touch sensor, can detecte touch sensor Touch sensitive area in touch or object (for example, finger or stylus of user) presence or position.Touch sensor can make User can directly interact with the content shown on display.
Summary of the invention
Solution to the problem
One or more embodiments are related to showing equipment.On the one hand, a kind of display equipment may include being configured as producing The first display and multiple transparent displays of raw image.Each of multiple transparent displays can be configured as generation The slice of image can be configured with providing depth and at least one of 3-D effect or multiple transparent displays to image For blocking, diffusion or light associated with the image generated by the first display is scattered, so that the different user in multiple users See the different content derived from the image generated by the first display.Each transparent display can be substantial transparent. Each transparent display can be substantial transparent.In addition it is possible to use smectic C liquid crystal makes multiple transparent displays At least one of.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing shows one or more embodiments；However, attached drawing is not construed as the reality present invention is limited only to shown in Apply example.By reading described in detail below and referring to attached drawing, various aspects and advantage be will be apparent.
Fig. 1 is shown in which that display shows the example display device of submarine image.
Fig. 2 shows the example display devices of Fig. 1, and wherein information is presented with semi-static mode in display.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 all illustrates the example display device with display, and wherein display has and is configured as with difference The different zones of display pattern operation.
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 all illustrates the exploded view of a part of example display.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 all illustrates the exploded view (in left side) of example display and the example with the example display is shown Show the front view of equipment (on right side).
The exploded view (in left side) and showing with the example display that Fig. 9 and Figure 10 all illustrates another example display The front view of example display equipment (on right side).
Figure 11 and Figure 12 all illustrates the exploded view (in left side) of another example display and with the example display The front view of example display device (on right side).
Figure 13 and Figure 14 all illustrates the exploded view of another example display.
Figure 15 and Figure 16 all illustrates the exploded view of another example display.
Figure 17 shows a part of Examples section emissive display.
Figure 18 A- Figure 18 E shows Examples section emission type pixel.
Figure 19-Figure 23 all illustrates the exploded view of example display.
Figure 24 A- Figure 24 B all illustrates the side view of exemplary polymers color dispersion-type liquid crystal (PDLC) pixel.
Figure 25 shows the side view of example electrochrome pixel.
Figure 26 shows the perspective view of example electricity dispersion pixel.
Figure 27 shows the top view of the example electricity dispersion pixel of Figure 26.
Figure 28 A- Figure 28 C all illustrates the top view of example electricity dispersion pixel.
Figure 29 shows the perspective view of example electrowetting pixel.
Figure 30 shows the top view of the example electrowetting pixel of Figure 29.
Figure 31 A- Figure 31 C all illustrates the top view of example electrowetting pixel.
Figure 32 shows example computer system.
Figure 33 and Figure 34 all illustrates the sectional view of example display.
Figure 35 A- Figure 35 D all illustrates example liquid crystal.
Figure 36 A- Figure 36 B respectively illustrates the example smectic C liquid crystal in scattering and pellucidity.
Figure 37 A- Figure 37 D all illustrates Exemplary projection system.
Figure 38 shows the exemplary architecture of the projector of Figure 37.
Figure 39 shows the exemplary architecture of the projection device of Figure 37.
Figure 40 shows the exemplary exploded view of the projection layer of Figure 39.
Figure 41 shows the exemplary method for realizing optical projection system.
Figure 42 shows the example operating method of projection device.
Figure 43 shows another example display device with display.
Figure 44 shows the exploded view of the example display of the display equipment of Figure 41.
Figure 45 A- Figure 45 E shows the example of the part emission type pixel with the channel α.
Figure 46 shows another example implementation of the display of Figure 43-Figure 44.
Figure 47 shows the exploded view of the example display device including camera.
The exemplary method that Figure 48 shows for realizing display.
Figure 49 shows the example operating method of display.
Figure 50 shows the exploded view of example display.
Figure 51 shows another example display.
Figure 52 shows another example display.
Figure 53 shows another example display.
Figure 54 A- Figure 54 L shows the example of the visual effect by the example display realization of Figure 50-Figure 53.
Figure 55 shows the example of the content detection and application that illustrate visual effect.
The exemplary method that Figure 56 shows for realizing display.
Figure 57 shows the example operating method of display.
Figure 58 shows the example of display equipment.
Figure 59 shows the exploded view that the example parallax of the display equipment of Figure 58 is realized.
Figure 60 A- Figure 60 C shows the exemplary view of the parallax configuration of the display of Figure 59.
Figure 61 shows the example that the solid type of the display equipment of Figure 58 is realized.
Figure 62 shows another example of color filter arrangement.
Figure 63 shows another example of color filter arrangement.
Figure 64 shows another example display device.
Figure 65 shows for realizing the exemplary method of display equipment.
Figure 66 shows the example operating method of display equipment.
Preferred forms
One or more embodiments are related to a kind of display equipment.On the one hand, a kind of display equipment may include being configured For the first display and multiple transparent displays for generating image.Each of the multiple transparent display can be matched The slice for generating image is set to provide at least one in depth and 3-D effect or the multiple transparent display to image It is a to can be configured as blocking, diffusion or scattering light associated with the image generated by the first display, so that multiple users In different user see the different content derived from the image generated by the first display.Each transparent display can be base It is transparent in sheet.Each transparent display can be substantial transparent.In addition it is possible to use smectic C liquid crystal is to make State at least one of multiple transparent displays.
One or more embodiments are related to a kind of method.On the one hand, a kind of method may include: to be provided arranged to produce First display of raw image；And provide multiple transparent displays.Each of the multiple transparent display can be by It is configured to generate the slice of image to provide in depth and 3-D effect or the multiple transparent display at least to image One can be configured as blocking, diffusion or scattering light associated with the image generated by the first display, so that multiple use Different user in family sees the different content derived from the image generated by the first display.It is every in the transparent display One can be it is substantial transparent.Smectic C liquid crystal can be used to manufacture at least one in the multiple transparent display It is a.
One or more other embodiments are related to a kind of method.On the one hand, a kind of method may include: aobvious using first Show that device shows image.This method can also include: by the upper slice for generating image of each of multiple transparent displays To provide depth and 3-D effect to image to show image, or it is next using at least one of the multiple transparent display Stop, diffuse or scatter light associated with the image generated by the first display, so that the different user in multiple users is seen To the different content derived from the image generated by the first display.Each of the multiple transparent display can be base It is transparent in sheet.Smectic C liquid crystal can be used to manufacture at least one of the multiple transparent display.
This overview section is provided just for the sake of introducing certain concepts, rather than determines any of theme claimed Crucial or essential feature.With reference to the accompanying drawings with it is described in detail below, many other features of the invention and embodiment will be apparent.
Specific embodiment
Although the disclosure is drawn a conclusion with the claim for limiting novel feature, it is believed that according in conjunction with attached drawing to explanation The considerations of book, is better understood with various features described herein.For purposes of illustration, provide process described in the disclosure, Machine, manufacture and its any modification.Described any specific structure and function details are not necessarily to be construed as limiting, and only make For the basis of claim, and as instruct those skilled in the art use in various ways it is substantially any it is appropriate in detail The representative basis of feature described in the structure stated.In addition, term and phrase used in the disclosure be not intended to it is restricted , and it is to provide the comprehensibility description to described feature.
Fig. 1 is shown in which that display 110 shows the example display device 100 of submarine image.It is non-through as example The mode of limitation is crossed, the display 110 in Fig. 1 can be shown with the frame rate of 30 frames (FPS) per second with high definition video Color film.In a particular embodiment, display equipment 100, which can be configured as following item, operates: e-book reading Device, global positioning system (GPS) equipment, camera, personal digital assistant (PDA), computer monitor, TV, video screen, meeting Room display, giant display (for example, Information sign or billboard), hand-hold electronic equipments, mobile device are discussed (for example, honeycomb Phone or smart phone), tablet device, wearable device (for example, smartwatch), can head-mounted display (for example, virtual existing Real earphone, augmented reality earphone etc.), electronic window (for example, window with electronically controlled opacity or figure), electronics Any suitable combination of display system, other suitable electronic equipments or above-mentioned item.In a particular embodiment, equipment is shown 100 may include electronic visible displays 110, can be referred to as display screen or display 110.In a particular embodiment, it shows Show that equipment 100 may include: power supply (for example, battery), for using wireless communication protocol (for example, bluetooth, WI-FI or honeycomb) Send or receive wireless device, processor, computer system, the touch sensor, the display for controlling display 110 of information Device controller or any other suitable equipment or component.As example rather than by way of limitation, display equipment 100 can be with Including display 110 and touch sensor, which allows user to use stylus or the finger and display of user The content shown on 110 interacts.In a particular embodiment, display equipment 100 may include equipment body, such as keep or One or more components or partial shell, chassis or shell comprising showing equipment 100.As example rather than pass through limitation Mode, display 110 may include preceding display and rear display (as described below), and preceding display and rear display (with And other equipment) can be with the equipment body coupling of display equipment 100 (for example, by epoxy resin or by one or more A machanical fastener is mechanically fixed, connects or attaches).
In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include the display of any suitable type, for example, any in its Phase is (for example, nematic (it may also used as twisted nematic (TN), super twisted nematic (STN) etc.), smectic C (SmA), smectic B (SmB), smectic C phase (SmC) or cholesteric) liquid crystal display (LCD), light emitting diode (LED) display Device, Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display, quantum dot displays (QD), polymer color dispersion-type liquid crystal (PDLC) display, Electrochromic display device (ECD), electrophoretic display device (EPD), electric dispersion display or electric moistening display.
The example of liquid crystal (LC) nematic includes LC material, which includes rodlike (such as bar that can be one-dimension oriented Shape) molecule.For example, rodlike molecule can be with autoregistration with long-range direction sequence, wherein their long axis is substantially parallel.To LC Material, which applies electric field, can control molecularly oriented.In addition, rodlike molecule can have it is weak or even without sequence of positions.
The liquid crystal display of TN system is made of nematic crystal, and wherein nematic LC molecule is accurate in the first state Ground distorts (for example, spiral), to make the light polarization by LC material.In this example, TN LC has 90 degree of distorted-structures.? Under second state, the electric field of application reconfigures nematic LC molecule to be aligned with electric field.In this configuration, LC material will not Change the polarization of the light by LC material.
The liquid crystal display of STN system is similar to TN system.However, the nematic LC molecule of STN system is accurately from about 180 degree twists into about 270 degree.
The example of liquid crystal (LC) smectic includes with sequence of positions along a direction to the LC material with confining layers. The LC material can be similar liquids in layer.For example, SmA LC has the molecule along layer access normal orientation.It is applied to LC material Added electric field can control molecularly oriented.It should be appreciated that each smectic phase has position and is orientated suitable there are different smectic phases Sequence.
The example of nematic and smectic crystal includes one of biphenyl and analog, such as, but not limited to following material It is or a variety of: Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) number: 61204-01-1 (4- (trans- -4- pentylcyclohexyl) benzonitrile)；No. CAS: 68065- 81-6 (4 '-(trans- -4- pentylcyclohexyl) biphenyl -4- formonitrile HCN)；No. CAS: 52709-87-2 (4- butoxy -4 '-cyano connection Benzene)；No. CAS: 52709-83-8 (4- butyl -4 '-cyanobiphenyl)；No. CAS: 61204-00-0 (4- (trans- -4- butylcyclohexyl Base) benzonitrile)；No. CAS: 82832-58-4 (trans-, trans- -4 '-butyl -4- (3,4- difluorophenyl) dicyclohexyl)；No. CAS: 40817-08-1 (4- cyano -4 '-pentylbiphenyl)；No. CAS: 52364-71-3 (4- cyano -4 '-amoxy biphenyl)；No. CAS: 52364-72-4 (4- cyano -4 '-heptan oxygroup biphenyl)；No. CAS: 52364-73-5 (4- cyano -4 '-n-octyloxy biphenyl)；CAS Number: 54211-46-0 (4- cyano -4 "-amyl para-terpheny)；No. CAS: 52709-86-1 (4- cyano -4 '-propoxyl group -1,1 ' - Biphenyl)；No. CAS: 63799-11-1 ((S) -4- cyano -4 '-(2- methyl butyl) biphenyl))；No. CAS: 58743-78-5 (4- cyanogen Base -4 '-ethoxybiphenyl)；No. CAS: 41424-11-7 (4 '-cyano -4- hexyloxy-biphenyl)；No. CAS: 52709-84-9 (4- Cyano -4 '-n-octyl biphenyl)；No. CAS: 57125-49-2 (4- cyano -4 '-dodecyl biphenyl)；No. CAS: 52709-85-0 (4- cyano -4 '-nonyl biphenyl)；No. CAS: 70247-25-5 (4 '-cyano -4- decyloxy biphenyl)；No. CAS: 57125-50-5 (4 '-cyano -4- dodecyloxy biphenyl)；No. CAS: 54296-25-2 (4- cyano -4 "-propyl para-terpheny)；No. CAS: 58932-13-1 (4 '-cyano -4- nonyl epoxide biphenyl)；No. CAS: 134412-17-2 (3,4- bis- fluoro- 4 '-(trans- -4- amyl rings Hexyl) biphenyl)；No. CAS: 85312-59-0 (3,4- bis- fluoro- 4 '-(trans- -4- propylcyclohexyl) biphenyl)；No. CAS: 82832- 57-3 (trans-, trans- -4 '-propyl dicyclohexyl of -4- (3,4- difluorophenyl))；No. CAS: 118164-51-5 (it is trans-, trans-- 4- (3,4- difluorophenyl) -4 '-amyl dicyclohexyl)；No. CAS: 134412-18-3 (3,4- bis- fluoro- 4 '-(trans- -4- ethyls Cyclohexyl) biphenyl)；No. CAS: 1373116-00-7 (2,3- bis- fluoro- 4- [(trans- -4- propylcyclohexyl) methoxyl group] benzene first Ether)；No. CAS: 139215-80-8 (trans-, trans- -4 '-ethyl -4- (3,4,5- trifluorophenyl) dicyclohexyl)；No. CAS: 123560-48-5 (trans-, -4 '-propyl dicyclohexyl of trans- -4- (4- ethyoxyl -2,3- difluorophenyl))；No. CAS: 189750-98-9 (4- ethyoxyl -2,3- bis- fluoro- 4 '-(trans- -4- propylcyclohexyl) biphenyl)；No. CAS: 84540-37-4 (4- Ethyl -4 '-(trans- -4- propylcyclohexyl) biphenyl)；No. CAS: 135734-59-7 (trans-, trans- -4 '-ethyl -4- (4- tri- Fluorine methoxyl group phenyl) dicyclohexyl)；No. CAS: 95759-51-6 (2 '-fluoro- 4- amyls -4 " 1,1 ': 4 ', 1 "-three connection of-propyl - Benzene)；No. CAS: 41122-71-8 (4- cyano -4 '-heptylbiphenyl)；No. CAS: 61203-99-4 (4- (trans- -4- cyclohexyl Base) benzonitrile)；No. CAS: 154102-21-3 (bis- [4- (trans- -4- pentylcyclohexyl) benzene first of (R) -1- phenyl -1,2- second diyl Acid esters])；No. CAS: 131819-23-3 (trans-, trans- -4 '-propyl -4- (3,4,5- trifluorophenyl) dicyclohexyl)；No. CAS: 137644-54-3 (trans-, trans- -4 '-amyl -4- (3,4,5- trifluorophenyl) dicyclohexyl)；No. CAS: 96184-40-6 (4- [trans- -4- [(E) -1- acrylic] cyclohexyl] benzonitrile)；No. CAS: 132123-39-8 (3,4,5- tri- fluoro- 4 '-(trans- -4- third Butylcyclohexyl) biphenyl)；No. CAS: 173837-35-9 (2 ', 3,4,5- tetra- fluoro- 4 '-(trans- -4- propylcyclohexyl) biphenyl)；With No. CAS: 137529-41-0 (trans-, trans- -3,4,5- tri- fluoro- 4 '-(4 '-propyl dicyclohexyl -4- base) biphenyl).
Other of nematic and smectic crystal example include carbonate, one of such as, but not limited to following material or It is a variety of: No. CAS: 33926-46-4 (amyl 4- (4- ethoxy phenoxy carbonyl) carbonic acid phenyl ester)；With No. CAS: 33926-25-9 (4- (4- ethoxy phenoxy carbonyl) phenyl-carbonic acid ethyl ester).
Other of nematic and smectic crystal example include phenylester, one of such as, but not limited to following material or It is a variety of: No. CAS: 62716-65-8 (4- ethoxyl phenenyl -4- butylbenzoic acid ester)；No. CAS: 38454-28-3 (4- (own oxygen Base) phenyl 4- butylbenzoic acid ester)；No. CAS: 42815-59-8 (4- n-octyl phenyl 4- butylbenzoic acid ester [liquid crystal])；CAS Number: 114482-57-4 (4- cyano-phenyl 4- (3- cyclobutenyl oxygroup) benzoic ether)；No. CAS: 38690-76-5 (4- cyano benzene Base 4- heptyl benzoate M21064- methoxyphenyl 4- (3- cyclobutenyl oxygroup) benzoic ether)；No. CAS: 133676-09-2 ((R) -2- octyl 4- [4- (hexyloxy) benzoyloxy] benzoic ether)；No. CAS: 87321-20-8 ((S) -2- octyl 4- [4- (hexyloxy) benzoyloxy] benzoic ether)；No. CAS: 51128-24-6 (4- butoxy phenyl 4- amyl benzoic ether)；CAS Number: 50802-52-3 (4- Hexyloxy-phenyl 4- amyl benzoic ether)；No. CAS: 50649-64-4 (4- n-pentyloxy phenyl 4- penta Yl benzoic acid ester)；With No. CAS: 2512-56-3 (4- octylphenyl salicylate).
Other of nematic and smectic crystal example include schiff bases, one of such as, but not limited to following material or It is a variety of: No. CAS: 30633-94-4 (N- (4- methoxyl group -2- hydroxyl benzal) -4- butylaniline)；No. CAS: 36405-17-1 (4 '-butoxy benzal -4- cyano-aniline)；No. CAS: 37075-25-5 (4 '-(octyloxy) benzal -4- cyano-aniline)； No. CAS: 16833-17-3 (butyl 4- [(4- benzylidene) amino] butyl cinnamate)；No. CAS: 17224-18-9 (N- (4- butoxy benzal) -4- antifebrin)；No. CAS: 17696-60-5 (terephthalic acid (TPA) is bis- (para aminophenyl ethyl ether))；CAS Number: 55873-21-7 (4 '-cyano benzal -4- butoxy aniline)；No. CAS: 34128-02-4 (4 '-cyano benzal -4- second Oxygroup aniline)；No. CAS: 24742-30-1 (4 '-ethoxybenzylidene -4- cyano-aniline)；No. CAS: 17224-17-8 (N- (4- Ethoxybenzylidene) -4- antifebrin)；No. CAS: 29743-08-6 (4 '-ethoxybenzylidene -4- butylaniline)；No. CAS: 35280-78-5 (4 '-hexyloxy benzal -4- cyano-aniline)；No. CAS: 26227-73-6 (N- (4- benzylidene) -4- Butylaniline)；No. CAS: 10484-13-6 (N- (4- benzylidene) -4- acetoxyl group aniline)；No. CAS: 836-41-9 (N- (4- benzylidene) aniline)；No. CAS: 6421-30-3 (ethyl 4- [(4- benzylidene) amino] cinnamic acid second Ester)；No. CAS: 322413-12-7 (4- [(benzylidene) amino] talan)；With No. CAS: 13036-19-6 (4- [(4- benzylidene) amino] benzonitrile).
Other of nematic and smectic crystal example include azoxybenzene, one in such as, but not limited to following material Kind is a variety of: No. CAS: 1562-94-3 (4,4 '-azoxydianisole)；No. CAS: 4792-83-0 (4,4 '-to azo oxygroup Ethoxybenzene)；No. CAS: 6421-04-1 (diethoxy azobenzene -4,4 '-diethyl dicarboxylates)；No. CAS: 2312-14-3 (4,4 '-bis- dodecyloxy azobenzenes)；No. CAS: 2587-42-0 (4,4 '-bis- (hexyloxy) azobenzenes)；No. CAS: 19482- 05-4 (4,4 '-dioxy carbonyl oxygroup benzene)；No. CAS: 23315-55-1 (4,4 '-dipropoxy azobenzene)；No. CAS: 23315- 55-1 (4,4 '-dibutoxy azobenzene)；No. CAS: 25729-12-8 (4,4 '-two n-octyloxy azobenzene)；With No. CAS: 25729-13-9 (4,4 '-two nonyl epoxide azobenzene).
Other of nematic and smectic crystal example include other chemical groups, such as, but not limited to following material: liquid Crystalline substance, 2040 electrical effect type of TK-LQ, mesomorphic range: 20-40 C [nematic crystal] comes from TCI AMERICA (Portland, Russia Strangle Gang Zhou), product number T0697；And liquid crystal, 3858 electrical effect type of TK-LQ, mesomorphic range: 38-58 C [nematic liquid It is brilliant], it comes from TCI AMERICA (Portland, Oregon), product number T0699.
The example of cholesteryl liquid crystal includes cholesteryl compound, such as, but not limited to following material: No. CAS: 604-35- 3 (cholesterol acetates)；No. CAS: 604-32-0 (cholesterol benzoate)；No. CAS: 604-33-1 cholesterol linoleate；CAS Number: 1182-42-9 (caprylic acid cholesterol)；No. CAS: 303-43-5 (cholesterol acid ester)；No. CAS: 1183-04-6 (gallbladder is solid Alcohol decylate)；No. CAS: 1908-11-8 (cholesterol laurate)；No. CAS: 4351-55-7 (cholesterol formic acid esters)；CAS Number: 1510-21-0 (cholesterol hydrogen succinate ester)；No. CAS: 633-31-8 (cholesterol ester c)；No. CAS: 6732-01-0 (cholesterol diphenate)；No. CAS: 32832-01-2 (cholesterol 2,4- dichlorobenzoic acid ester)；With No. CAS: 1182- 66-7 (Cholesteryl pelargonate).
The example of cholesteryl liquid crystal includes cholesteryl carbonate, such as, but not limited to following material: No. CAS: 15455-83- 1 (cholesterol nonyl carbonic ester)；No. CAS: 15455-81-9 (cholesterol heptyl carbonic ester)；No. CAS: 17110-51-9 (gallbladder is solid Alcohol oleic acid carbonic ester)；No. CAS: 23836-43-3 (cholesterol ethyl carbonate)；No. CAS: 78916-25-3 (cholesterol isopropyl Carbonic ester)；No. CAS: 41371-14-6 (cholesterol butylcarbonate)；No. CAS: 15455-79-5 (cholesterol amyl carbonic acid Ester)；No. CAS: 15455-82-0 (cholesterol n-octyl carbonic ester)；With No. CAS: 15455-80-8 (cholesterol hexyl carbonic acid Ester).
Other examples of cholesteryl liquid crystal include discotic mesogenic, such as, but not limited to following material: No. CAS: 70351-86- 9 (2,3,6,7,10,11- six ((hexyloxy) triphenylenes)；(2,3,6,7,10,11- six is [(just pungent with No. CAS: 70351-87-0 Base) oxygroup] triphenylene).
In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include any conjunction of the display of two or more suitable types Suitable combination.As example rather than by way of limitation, display 110 may include showing with electrophoresis, electrowetting or LC SmA LCD, OLED or QD display of device combination.In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include emissive display, wherein Emissive display includes the emission type pixel for being configured as emitting or modulating visible light.The disclosure covers any suitable type Emissive display, such as LCD, light-emitting diode display or OLED display.In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include non- Emissive display, wherein non-emissive display include can be configured as absorption, transmission or reflection ambient visible light it is non- Emission type pixel.The disclosure covers the non-emissive display of any suitable type, such as PDLC display, LC SmA are shown Device, electrochromic display device (ECD), electrophoretic display device (EPD), electric dispersion display or electric moistening display.In a particular embodiment, non-emissive Escope may include non-emissive pixel, which can be configured as substantial transparent (for example, pixel The incident light for being greater than 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or any appropriate percentage over the display can be transmitted).With can be with The display for being configured as substantial transparent pixel can be referred to as, and there is the display of the high grade of transparency or the high grade of transparency to show Device.In a particular embodiment, environment light can refer to the light for being originated from the one or more sources being located at outside display equipment 100, such as Room light or sunlight.In a particular embodiment, it is seen that light (or light) can refer to the visible light of human eye, such as wavelength about 400 To the light in 750 nanometer ranges.Although the disclosure describes and illustrates the particular display with particular display type, this public affairs It opens and covers any suitable display with any suitable type of display.
In a particular embodiment, display 110 can be configured as any suitable information of display or media content, such as Digital picture, video (for example, film or live video chat), website, text (for example, e-book or text message) or application Any appropriate combination of program (for example, video-game) or media content.In a particular embodiment, display 110 can be with coloured silk Color, black and white or the colored combination with black and white show information.In a particular embodiment, display 110 can To show the information being frequently changed (for example, video that frame rate is 30 or 60FPS), or can show relatively infrequently Change semi-static information (for example, can about update per hour it is primary, per minute update it is primary, be updated once every second or often Any suitable interval that updates updates primary text or digital picture).As example rather than by way of limitation, display 110 one or more parts, which can be configured as, shows video with colour, and display 110 it is one or more other Part can be configured as shows the semi-static information (for example, being updated once every second or updating one per minute with black and white Secondary clock).Although the disclosure describes and illustrates to be configured as the particular display for showing specific information in a specific way, The disclosure covers any suitable display for being configured as showing any suitable information in any suitable manner.
Fig. 2 shows the example display devices 100 with display 110 of Fig. 1, and wherein display 110 is with semi-static mould Formula is presented information.In a particular embodiment, display 110 can be configured as operation mode there are two types of tools, i.e., dynamically (or hair Emitting) mode and semi-static (or non-emissive) mode.In the example of fig. 1, display 110 can operate in a dynamic mode (for example, display video), and in the figure 2 example, display 110 can be to show time, date, weather, monthly plan The semi-static mode of device and map operates.In Fig. 2, the information shown with semi-static mode can be with relatively long interval (for example, every 1 second, every 10 seconds or 60 seconds every) Lai Gengxin.
When operating in a dynamic mode (as shown in Figure 1), display 110 be can have with one or more in properties : display 110 can with bright or true to nature color, with high-resolution or with high frame rate (for example, being greater than or equal to The frame rate of 20FPS) show content (for example, text, image or video)；Or display 110 can be with emission type mode It operates, equipment 100 is shown in emission type mode or display 110 includes light source or light source.With the operation of emission type mode Can permit display 110 shows information (for example, display 110 can be in dark in the case where not needing external light source It may be viewed by room).For LCD, light source can be the headlight or back light for illuminating LCD, and then LCD modulated light source is to generate (or transmitting) image.For OLED display, the pixel of OLED display can generate light (for example, from red, green and indigo plant Sub-pixels), the light guide causes the image of transmitting.In a particular embodiment, when operating in a dynamic mode, display 110 With colored, black and white or colored content can be shown both with black and white.
When being operated under semi-static mode (as shown in Figure 2), display 110 can have with one in properties or Multinomial: display 110 can come display text or image with colored or black and white；Display 110 can be with non-emissive Mode operates；Reflectivity can be presented in display 110；Display 110 can have relatively low renewal rate (for example, frame Rate or renewal rate are less than 0.1,1 or 10FPS)；Or display 110 can consume little power or not consume power.Make For example rather than by way of limitation, the display 110 operated in a dynamic mode can consume about 1-50 watts of power (type and size that depend, at least partially, on display 110), and when being operated under semi-static mode, display 110 can To consume the power less than 0.1,1,10 or 100 milliwatts.As another example rather than by way of limitation, in semi-static mould The display 110 operated under formula can only consume power when updating the content of display, and in the immovable of display static state Power or consumption insignificant power (for example, less than 10 λ W) can not be consumed when content.Display 110 is in non-emissive mode It is that display 110 provides illumination that lower operation, which can refer to using external ambient light (for example, room light or sunlight), without the use of being wrapped Include the internal light source in display equipment 100 or display 110.As example rather than by way of limitation, display 110 can To include electric dispersion or electric moistening display of the use environment light as light source.In a particular embodiment, display 110 is non- Operation, which can refer to, under emission type mode shows information by non-emissive pixel.In a particular embodiment, non-emissive pixel can Light is absorbed with finger, the pixel of transmission or reflection.In a particular embodiment, non-emissive pixel can refer to do not emit it is visible The pixel of light or the pixel amount of the particular color of the amount of light (for example, intensity) or visible light not being modulated.
In a particular embodiment, display equipment 100 can be configured as meeting room display or Information sign, and work as When operating under semi-static mode, display 110 can be with read clock, Weather information, calendar of conference, the art work, poster, meeting The appropriate combination of record or Company Logo or any other suitable information or information.In a particular embodiment, equipment is shown 100 can be configured as personal display equipment (for example, TV, tablet computer or smart phone), and when semi-static When operating under mode, display 110 can show individualized content, for example, favorite television program reminder, family's photograph album, Customize small tool segment, headline news, stock price, social networks feeding, daily discount coupon, favorite sports score, when The appropriate combination of clock, Weather information or traffic condition or any other suitable information or information.As example rather than pass through limit The mode of system, when people are ready to work in the morning, their TV or smart phone can be shown (with semi-static mode) Time relevant to the commuting of the people, weather or traffic condition.In a particular embodiment, display equipment 100 may include touching Sensor, and display 110 can show the book that user can interact by touch sensor (with semi-static mode) Frame or blank.In a particular embodiment, user can select certain operational modes or display 110 for display 110 It can automatically be switched between dynamic mode and semi-static mode.As example rather than by way of limitation, when aobvious When showing that equipment 100 enters sleep state, display 110 can be automatically switched to operate with the semi-static mode of low-power.? In specific embodiment, when operating under semi-static mode, display 110 can be reflexive and may be used as mirror. As example rather than by way of limitation, one or more surfaces or layer in display 110 may include reflector or tool There is the surface of reflectance coating, and when display 110 is in semi-static mode, display 110 can serve as mirror.
In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include the combination of the display of two or more seed types, these are aobvious Show that device is substantially parallel with each other orientated, one of display is located at behind another display.As example rather than pass through limit The mode of system, display 110 may include positioned at the subsequent LCD of PDLC display, be located at electrochromic display device (ECD) it is subsequent OLED display is located at the subsequent LCD of electric moistening display or is located at the subsequent LCD of SmA display.In a particular embodiment, Display 110 may include two distinct types of display, and display 110 can be referred to as dual mode display or double Display.In a particular embodiment, dual mode display 110 may include dynamic (or emission type) display and it is semi-static (or Non-emissive) display.As example rather than by way of limitation, display 110 may include dynamic color display, Be configured as under emission type mode and with high frame rate (for example, 24,25,30,60,120 or 240FPS or it is any its His suitable frame rate) show video, as shown in Figure 1.Display 110 can also include semi-static display, be configured To be come under the non-transmitting mode of low-power with relatively low frame rate or renewal rate (for example, 0.1,1 or 10FPS) with black Information is shown with white or colour, as shown in Figure 2.For this example dual mode display 110, dynamic display can be located at The above or below of semi-static display.As example rather than by way of limitation, dynamic display can be located at semi-static Behind display, and when dynamic display activity, semi-static display can be configured as it is substantial transparent so that dynamic Display may be viewed by.In addition, semi-static display can show letter when display 110 operates under semi-static mode It ceases (for example, text or image), and dynamic display can be inactive or be powered down.In a particular embodiment, when dynamic State display is non-movable or when being powered down, and white, reflexive, dark-coloured or black can be presented (for example, light in dynamic display Learn and absorb), or transparence is substantially presented.In a particular embodiment, display that is inactive or being powered down can refer to reception Little power or the display (for example, from display controller) for not receiving electric power, and inactive or under being powered down state, Display can consume little power (for example, less than 10 λ W) or not consume electric power.In a particular embodiment, dynamic display can be with Referred to as emissive display, and semi-static display can be referred to as non-emissive display.Although the disclosure is described and is said The specific combination of bright particular display type, but the disclosure covers any suitable combination of any suitable type of display.
In a particular embodiment, dual mode display 110 may include have two or more operation modes (for example, Dynamically Announce mode and the semi-static display pattern of low-power) single type display.As example rather than pass through limitation Mode, display 110 may include LCD, which adjusts under dynamic operation mode as to the light from back light or headlight The emissive display of system operates.Under semi-static operation mode, display 110 can be used as use environment light (for example, room Interior light or sunlight) it is operated to provide the low-power non-emissive display of illumination (wherein back light or headlight close) for LCD.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 all illustrates the example display device 100 with display 110, and wherein display 110 has and matched It is set to the different zones operated with different display modes.In a particular embodiment and as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, double mode is shown Device 110 can be operated with mixed display mode, and wherein display 110 includes multiple portions, area or region, and display Each of 110 are partially configured as operating with dynamic mode or semi-static mode.In a particular embodiment, display 110 One or more dynamic parts 120, which can be configured as, to be operated with dynamic mode (for example, using by display equipment 100 or aobvious The light for showing that device 110 generates shows image or video), and the semi-static parts 130 of one or more of display 110 can be by It is configured to operate (for example, coming display text or image under non-emissive mode with low renewal rate) with semi-static mode. As example rather than by way of limitation, the dynamic part 120 of display 110 can be with high-resolution or by true to nature or bright Bright color shows image or video, and the semi-static part 130 of display 110 can be with black and white and with opposite Low renewal rate shows the information (for example, primary text, cribbage-board can be about updated once every second or be updated per minute Or clock).External light source (for example, environment room light) can be used to illuminate semi-static part 130.In a particular embodiment, Dual mode display 110 may include dynamic display for showing dynamic part 120 and for showing semi-static part 130 Semi-static display.As example rather than by way of limitation, dynamic display can be located at behind semi-static display, And the part located immediately at the front of dynamic part 120 of semi-static display can be configured as it is substantial transparent so that can Pass through the partially viewed dynamic part 120 of those of semi-static display.In addition, dynamic display is located at outside dynamic part 120 The region in portion can be inactive or be closed.As another example rather than by way of limitation, semi-static display can To be located at behind dynamic display, and the part located immediately at semi-static 130 front of part of dynamic display can be matched Be set to it is substantial transparent so that the partially viewed semi-static part 130 of those of dynamic display can be passed through.
In the example of fig. 3, display equipment 100 is operated as E-book reader, and wherein the E-book reader is aobvious Show a part of image and text from book " Moby Dick " (" beluga note ").Display 110 has the dynamic of display image Part 120, wherein image can be shown with emission type mode by true to nature or bright color, and display 110 has The semi-static part 130 of display text, wherein text can be with black and white and with non-emissive mode (for example, using ring Border illumination is bright) it shows.In a particular embodiment, the region of dynamic display being located at outside dynamic part 120 can be with right and wrong It is movable or be closed (for example, be located at dynamic part 120 outside pixel or back light can be closed).In the example of fig. 4, Show that the operation of equipment 100 is chess, two players can remotely carry out game in the chess.It is aobvious Show that device 110 has dynamic part 120, show the live video of another player, this allows two players in chess game Period interacts.Display 110 also has there are two semi-static part 130, shows chessboard, timer and gaming controls.? In specific embodiment, display 110 can be reconfigurable, allow 130 root of dynamic part 120 and semi-static part It is moved or is resized according to the application run in equipment 100 is being shown.As example rather than by way of limitation, The display equipment 100 shown in figs. 3 and 4 can be configured as electronic reader (in Fig. 3) and as long-range The same equipment of game machine (in Fig. 4) operation.In a particular embodiment, display 110 can have any appropriate number of Dynamic part 120 and any appropriate number of semi-static part 130, and each dynamic part 120 and semi-static part 130 can With any suitable size and any suitable shape.As example rather than by way of limitation, dynamic part 120 or Semi-static part 130 can about cover 1st/16th of display 110,1/8th, a quarter, half or whole, And it can have square, rectangle or circular shape.As another example rather than by way of limitation, dynamic part 120 Or semi-static part 130 may include 1,2,10,100 or any appropriate number of pixel.Although the disclosure is described and is shown It include to be particularly shown the particular display that mode operated and had the certain amount of region of particular size and shape, still The disclosure covers including any suitable of any suitable size and shape is operated and had with any suitable display pattern Any suitable display in the region of quantity.
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 all illustrates the exploded view of a part of example display 110.In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include preceding display 150 and rear display 140, wherein rear display 140 is located at behind preceding display 150.As showing Example rather than by way of limitation, preceding display 150 can be electric moistening display, and rear display 140 can be directly Positioned at the subsequent OLED display of preceding display 150.In a particular embodiment, preceding display 150 or rear display 140 can be with Referred to as layer, and each layer of display 110 may include one or more displays.As example rather than pass through limitation Display 150 before the first layer of mode, display 110 may include or can be referred to as, and the second layer of display 110 can With include or can be referred to as after display 140.In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include not showing in Fig. 5 or Fig. 6 Other surfaces, layer or equipment out, wherein these other surfaces, layer or equipment can be arranged on display 140 and 150 it Between, behind the rear display 140 or front of preceding display 150.As example rather than by way of limitation, display 110 can To include before protection cap, dazzle reduce layer (for example, polarizer or with the layer of anti-reflection coating) or be located at preceding display 150 The touch sensor layer in face.As another example rather than by way of limitation, display 110 may include being located at rear display 140 subsequent back lights or the headlight between display 140 and 150.
In a particular embodiment, show that the display 110 of equipment 100 can have the associated cone (viewing Cone), for example, can reasonably watch the angular regions or solid angle of display 110 in it.In a particular embodiment, it shows Show that the relative position of the surface of device 110, layer or equipment is referred to watch the people of display 110 out of associated the cone.? In the example of Fig. 5, people can be referred to as from the viewing display 110 of point 164 watches display in the cone of display 110 110, and the viewing display 110 before display 110 can be referred to as.Relative to the point 164 in Fig. 5, preceding display 150 are arranged on or are located at rear 140 front of display, and similarly, rear display 140 is arranged on or is located at preceding display 150 Below.
In a particular embodiment, display 110 can form sandwich shape structure, which includes in a hierarchical manner The display 140 and 150 (and any additional surface, layer or equipment of a part as display 110) combined. As example rather than by way of limitation, display 140 and 150 can cover each other, wherein face surface (for example, The front surface of display 140 and the rear surface of display 150) between there is small the air gap, or the surface wherein faced It is in contact with each other, bonds or combines.In a particular embodiment, display 140 and 150 can use substantial transparent adhesive (example Such as, the penetrating adhesive of optics) it is combined together.Although the disclosure is described and illustrated specific with certain layer and specific structure Display, but the disclosure covers any suitable display with any suitable layer and any suitable structure.In addition, Although the present disclosure describes the specific example of preceding display display after subsequent, the disclosure covers positioned at any suitable number The subsequent any appropriate number of display of other displays of amount.For example, the disclosure cover display 140 positioned at Fig. 5 with Any appropriate number of display between 150, and these displays can have any suitable of display described herein Characteristic.Thus, for example, equipment may include three displays: preceding display, the subsequent center display of preceding display and Display after center display is subsequent.When the corresponding part of present displays is transparent, the part of center display can be with It is watched by preceding display, and when the corresponding part of center display and preceding display is transparent, the portion of rear display Center display and the viewing of preceding display can be passed through by dividing.
In a particular embodiment, preceding display 150 and rear display 140 can be included in the table of display 140 or 150 With rule or multiple pixels 160 of duplicate pattern arrangement on face.The disclosure covers the pixel 160 of any suitable type, for example, Emission type pixel (for example, LCD or OLED pixel) or non-emissive pixel (for example, electrophoresis or electrowetting pixel).In addition, pixel 160 can have any suitable size (for example, width or height of 25 λ m, 50 λ m, 100 λ m, 200 λ m or 500 λ m) and appoint What suitable shape (for example, square, rectangle or circle).In a particular embodiment, each pixel 160 can be display 140 or 150 individually addressable element can be controlled separately element, allow to carry out (example independently of the state of other pixels 160 Such as, pass through display controller) state of pixel 160 is set.In a particular embodiment, the addressability of each pixel 160 can To be provided by one or more control line for being couple to display controller from each pixel 160.In a particular embodiment, each Pixel 160 can have their own dedicated control line or each pixel 160 can with other pixels 160 it is shared one or A plurality of control line.As example rather than by way of limitation, each pixel 160, which can have, is connected to display by control line The one or more electrodes or electric contact of device controller, and it is supplied to by display controller the one or more of pixel 160 The state of pixel 160 can be set in corresponding voltage or electric current.In a particular embodiment, pixel 160 can be monochrome pixels, It can be set to various states, such as black, white, partially transparent, transparent, reflexive or opaque.As example rather than By way of limitation, a control signal can be used to address monochrome pixels (for example, when 0V is applied to pixel control line When, pixel closes either black, and white or transparence is presented in pixel when applying 5V).In a particular embodiment, pixel 160 can be may include three or more sub-pixels (for example, red, green and blue sub-pixel) colour element, and And pixel 160 can be set to various colors state (for example, red, yellow, orange etc.) and black, white, part thoroughly It is bright, transparent, reflexive or opaque.As example rather than by way of limitation, colour element can have associated control Line processed, the control line provide control signal to the corresponding sub-pixel of each of colour element.
In a particular embodiment, display controller, which can be configured as, individually or dividually addresses preceding display 150 With each pixel 160 of rear display 140.As example rather than by way of limitation, display controller preceding can will be shown Show that the specific pixel 160 of device 150 is configured in activity or emission type state, and display controller can be by rear display The 140 corresponding pixel 160 of one or more is configured in closing or inactive state.In a particular embodiment, pixel 160 It can be arranged along row and column, and active matrix scheme can be used for (or the sub- picture of each pixel 160 of each pixel 160 Element) driving signal is provided.In active matrix method, each pixel 160 (or each sub-pixel), which has, is deposited on display Associated capacitor and transistor on substrate, wherein capacitor keeps charge (for example, being directed to a screen refresh period) And transistor supplies electric current to pixel 160.In order to activate specific pixel 160, row control line appropriate is connected, while along right The column control line transmission driving signal answered.In other specific embodiments, passive matrix approach can be used for carrying out pixel 160 Addressing, wherein passive matrix includes being configured as selectively activating the multiple row of each pixel and the grid of more lines of conductive metal. In order to connect specific pixel 160, activate particular column (for example, sending charge downwards along the column), and particular row is coupled to ground. The specific row and column intersects at specified pixel 160, and then pixel 160 is activated.Although the disclosure is described and is shown The specific pixel addressed in a specific way, but the disclosure covers any suitable pixel addressed in any suitable manner.
In a particular embodiment, preceding display 150 or rear display 140 may each be color monitor or white and black displays Device, and preceding display 150 or rear display 140 may each be emissive display or non-emissive display.As example Rather than by way of limitation, preceding display 150 can be non-emissive black and white display, and then display 140 can be hair Emitting color monitor.In a particular embodiment, color monitor can be used additive color or the technology that loses lustre generates color image Or text, and color monitor can be based on any suitable color system (for example, red green blue color system or blueness/product Red yellow/black color system) Lai Shengcheng color.In a particular embodiment, each pixel of emission type color monitor can have Three or more sub-pixels, each sub-pixel are configured as transmitting particular color (for example, red, green or blue).In spy Determine in embodiment, each pixel of non-emissive color monitor can have three or more sub-pixels, each sub-pixel quilt It is configured to absorb, reflect or scatter particular color (for example, red, green or blue).
In a particular embodiment, the size of the pixel 160 of preceding display 150 or size can be the picture of rear display 140 Plain 160 correspondence size or the integral multiple of size, vice versa.As example rather than by way of limitation, preceding display 150 Pixel 160 can have the pixel 160 of size identical with the pixel 160 of rear display 140 or preceding display 150 Size can be twice of the size of the pixel 160 of rear display 140, three times or any suitable integral multiple.Show as another Example rather than by way of limitation, the size of the pixel 160 of rear display 140 can be the big of the pixel 160 of preceding display 150 Small twice, three times or any suitable integral multiple.In the example of hgure 5, the size of the pixel 160 of preceding display 150 is with after The size of the pixel 160 of display 140 is roughly the same.In the example of fig. 6, the size of the pixel 160 of rear display 140 is about It is four times (for example, four times of area) of the size of the pixel 160 of preceding display 150.Although the disclosure is described and illustrated tool There is the specific pixel of particular size, but the disclosure covers any suitable pixel with any suitable size.
In a particular embodiment, preceding display 150 and rear display 140 can be substantially aligned with relative to each other.Preceding display Device 150 and rear display 140 can be combined to form display 110, so that one or more pictures of preceding display 150 Element 160 is superimposed or Chong Die with one or more pixels 160 of rear display 140.In fig. 5 and fig., the picture of preceding display 150 Element 160 is aligned relative to the pixel 160 of rear display 140, so that the part on the boundary of rear display picture element 160 is located immediately at preceding Below the corresponding part on the boundary of display picture element 160.In Fig. 5, the pixel 160 of preceding display 150 and rear display 140 has There is roughly the same size and shape, and as shown in four dotted lines, pixel 160 is applied, so that each of preceding display 150 Pixel 160 is above the respective pixel 160 of rear display 140, and their boundary substantial registration.In Fig. 6, Preceding display 150 and rear display 140 are aligned, so that each pixel 160 of rear display 140 is located immediately at preceding display 150 The lower section of four respective pixels 160, and it is each after display picture element 160 boundary located immediately at preceding display picture element 160 The beneath portions on boundary.Although the disclosure is described and illustrated being particularly shown with the specific pixel being aligned in a specific way Device, but the disclosure covers any suitable display with any suitable pixel being aligned in any suitable manner.
In a particular embodiment, preceding display 150 may include one or more parts, each part be include one or The region or part of the preceding display 150 of multiple preceding display picture elements 160.It is preceding aobvious as example rather than by way of limitation Show that device part may include single pixel 160 or one group of multiple contiguous pixels 160 (for example, 2,4,10,100,1000 or any Appropriate number of pixel 160).As another example rather than by way of limitation, preceding display part may include preceding display The region of device 150, for example, before occupying the area of display 150 about 1/10th, a quarter, half or substantially all Region.In a particular embodiment, preceding display part can be referred to as multi-mode part, and may include one or more Preceding display picture element, each preceding display picture element are configured as operating in different modes.Side as example rather than by limitation The multi-mode part of formula, preceding display 150 can have display picture element before the one or more operated in the first pattern, at this In first mode, pixel emission, modulation, absorption or reflection visible light.In addition, multi-mode part can have and grasp in a second mode Display picture element before the one or more of work, in the second mode, display picture element is base to visible light before one or more This is transparent.In a particular embodiment, rear display 140 may include be located at least one multi-mode part it is subsequent one or Display part after multiple, each rear display part includes being configured as transmitting, modulation, the picture for absorbing or reflecting visible light Element.As example rather than by way of limitation, in Fig. 5, the pixel 160 of preceding display 150 be can be configured as substantially It is transparent, and it is corresponding after display picture element 160 can be configured as transmitting (behind preceding display picture element 160) can It is light-exposed.As another example rather than by way of limitation, in Fig. 5, the pixel 160 of preceding display 150 be can be configured as Absorb or reflect incident visible light (for example, pixel 160 can be configured as semi-static part 130), and rear display 140 respective pixel 160 can be inactive or be closed.In the example of fig. 6, the pixel 160 of rear display 140 can be with It is configured as transmitting, modulation, absorbs or reflects visible light, and four superposition pixels 160 of preceding display 150 can be configured It is substantial transparent.In the example of fig. 3, display 110 may include display (for example, LCD) and non-emissive after emission type Display (for example, electric moistening display) before type.In the part of Fig. 3 120, the pixel of rear display can be configured as transmitting Image shown in Fig. 3, and before corresponding multi-mode the pixel of display part can be configured as it is substantial transparent.In Fig. 3 Part 130 in, the pixel of preceding display, which can be configured as, shows text as shown in the figure, and it is corresponding after display part Pixel can be configured as inactive or be closed.
The exploded view (in left side) and showing with example display 110 that Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 all illustrates example display 110 The front view of example display equipment 100 (on right side).In Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 (and other accompanying drawings described below), exploded view is shown The various layers or equipment of composition example display 110, and forward sight shows and shows when watching before display equipment 100 How example display 110 can be presented.In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include preceding display 150, rear display 140 (being located at behind preceding display 150) and back light 170 (being located at behind rear display 140).It is preceding in the example of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 Display 150 is semi-static display, and then display 140 is the LCD for being configured as dynamic display operation.In Fig. 7, Display 110 with dynamic mode operation, and in fig. 8 it is shown that device 110 with semi-static mode operation.In Fig. 7, LCD 140 is aobvious Show the image of tropical scene, and back light 170 is used as light source, to provide the light selectively modulated by LCD 140.
In a particular embodiment, LCD may include the layer of liquid crystal molecule being located between two optical polarizators.As showing Example rather than by way of limitation, LCD pixel can use twisted nematic effect, wherein twisted nematic cell is positioned in Between two linear polarizations, their polarization axle arrangement at right angles to each other.Electric field based on application, the liquid crystal point of LCD pixel Son can change the polarization for propagating through the light of the pixel, so that light is stopped by one of polarizer, transmits or partly transmits.? In specific embodiment, LCD pixel can be arranged to matrix (for example, row and column), and passive matrix or active square can be used Battle array scheme is addressed each pixel.In a particular embodiment, each LCD pixel may include three or more height pictures Element, each sub-pixel are configured as the color component by selectively modulating white light illumination source to generate particular color component (for example, red, green or blue).As example rather than by way of limitation, the white light from back light can illuminate LCD, And each sub-pixel of LCD pixel may include transmission particular color (for example, red, green or blue) and removal or filter Except the colour filter (for example, red filter can transmit feux rouges and remove green and blue component) of other color components.LCD picture The sub-pixel of element can selectively modulate their associated color components, and LCD pixel can emit particular color. LCD pixel also refers to the LCD picture for filtering out or removing the particular color component of specific quantity from incident illumination source to the modulation of light Element.As example rather than by way of limitation, when each sub-pixel of LCD pixel is (for example, red, green and blue sub- picture Element) when being configured as substantially transmiting all incident lights of its corresponding color component, white can be presented in LCD pixel, and works as When LCD pixel substantially filters out or stops all colours component of incident light, black can be presented in LCD pixel.Show as another Example and rather than by way of limitation, when LCD pixel is removed from light source or is filtered out other color components and is made particular color When component propagates through the pixel in the case where little or no decaying, which can be presented particular color.Work as LCD The blue subpixels of pixel are configured as substantially transmiting all blue lights, while its red and green sub-pixels is configured as substantially It is upper stop it is all smooth when, which can be presented blue.It is configured as in a specific way although the disclosure is described and illustrated The specific liquid crystal display of operation, but the disclosure covers any suitable liquid crystal for being configured as operating in any suitable manner Display.
In a particular embodiment, incident light, which can refer to, comes from and surface (for example, surface of pixel or display) phase interaction With or hit the light in one or more sources on a surface.As example rather than by way of limitation, impinge upon in pixel Incident light can partly be transmitted through the pixel, or partly from the pixel reflect or scatter.In a particular embodiment, Incident light can be come with the angle with surface nearly orthogonal impact surfaces or incident light can in an angular range (for example, In 45 degree orthogonal with surface) impact surfaces.Incident light source may include external light source (for example, environment light) or internal light source (for example, light from back light or headlight).
In a particular embodiment, back light 170 can be positioned at LCD 140 is subsequent substantially opaque or nontransparent illumination Layer.In a particular embodiment, one or more LED can be used in back light 170 or fluorescent lamp to generate illumination for LCD 140.This A little light sources can be on the side or edge behind LCD 140 or positioned at back light 170, and passes through one or more light Guider, diffusing globe or reflector are directed to LCD 140.In other specific embodiments, instead of back light 170 or in addition to back light Except 170, display 110 may include headlight (being not shown in Fig. 7 or Fig. 8).It is preceding as example rather than by way of limitation Lamp can be between display 140 and 150 or positioned at preceding 150 front of display, and headlight can provide photograph for LCD 140 It is bright.In a particular embodiment, headlight may include the substantial transparent layer for allowing light to pass through headlight.In addition, headlight can wrap Include the light source (for example, LED) for being located at one or more edges, and light source can be by from one or more in headlight A surface reflection to provide light to LCD 140.Although the disclosure is described and illustrated specific headlight and back with specific configuration Lamp, but the disclosure covers any suitable headlight and back light with any suitable configuration.
The display 110 that Fig. 7 is shown with dynamic mode operation, the wherein display of LCD 140 can be digital picture or view A part of frequency and can be used back light 170 as light source with color true to nature come the image that shows.When display 110 with When dynamic mode operation, semi-static display 150 can be configured as it is substantial transparent, to allow from back light 170 and LCD 140 light passes through semi-static display 150, so as to watch the image from LCD 140.In a particular embodiment, it shows Device 140 or 150 is substantial transparent can refer to the transmission of display 140 or 150 be greater than or equal to 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or 99% incidence visible light, or transmission are greater than or equal to the incidence visible light of any suitable percentage.As example rather than By way of limitation, when operating in a transparent mode, semi-static display 150 can transmit to come to the cone of display 110 From about 90% visible light of LCD 140.Fig. 8 is shown with the example display 110 of Fig. 7 of semi-static mode operation, In semi-static display 150 show time, date and weather.In a particular embodiment, when display 110 is under semi-static mode When operation, LCD 140 and back light 170 can be inactive or be closed, and LCD 140 or back light 170 can show Substantial transparent, substantially black (for example, optical absorption) or substantially white (for example, optical reflection or scattering).As Example rather than by way of limitation, when in the closed position, LCD 140 can be substantially transparent, and back light 170 Black can substantially be presented.As another example rather than by way of limitation, LCD 140 can have partial reflection painting Layer (for example, in front surface or rear surface), wherein the partial reflection coating makes LCD when back light 170 and LCD are closed 140 show reflexive or white.
In a particular embodiment, Fig. 7 and semi-static display 150 shown in fig. 8 can be LC SmA display, and Fig. 7 and dual mode display shown in Fig. 8 110 may include LCD 140 (having back light 170) and LC SmA display 150 Combination.As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, LCD 140 can be located at behind SmA display 150.As will be described in further detail below, SmA display 150, which can have, to be configured as that transparence is substantially presented or white or black is substantially presented (for example, not having Apply voltage) pixel 160.SmA pixel can be maintained in the case where not applying electric field its state (bistability) or its can Electric field can be needed to maintain its state.Substantially white or black can be changed into for state is basically transparent by applying electric field. In Fig. 7, in the case where display 110 is with dynamic mode operation, the pixel of SmA display 150 be configured as substantially be in Existing transparence, so as to watch LCD 140.In a particular embodiment, and as shown in Figure 8, when display 110 is quiet with half When morphotype formula operates, the pixel of SmA display 150 can be addressed separately (for example, passing through display controller) to change or The state (if necessary) for maintaining each pixel, so that transparence or white be presented.It is formed in Fig. 8 and is shown by SmA display 150 Text and the sun/cloud atlas picture pixel can be configured as it is substantial transparent.These transparent pixels can present dark-coloured or black Color, because they show black or the optical absorption surface of LCD 140 or back light 170.Other pixels of SmA display 150 can With the background for being configured in closed state to form substantially white.In other specific embodiments, when display 110 with When semi-static mode operates, the pixel of SmA display 150 is addressed, so that transparence or black is presented in each pixel.Shape It can be configured as substantially black (or optical absorption) at text and the sun/cloud atlas picture pixel, and form SmA display The pixel of 150 white background pixels can be configured as in the open state, therefore they are substantially transparent.LCD 140 or back light 170 can be configured as reflection or scattering incident light so that SmA display 150 correspondence transparent pixels present it is white Color.
In a particular embodiment, Fig. 7 and semi-static display 150 shown in fig. 8 can be PDLC display, and scheme 7 and dual mode display shown in Fig. 8 110 may include LCD 140 (with back light 170) and PDLC display 150 combination. As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, LCD 140 can be located at behind PDLC display 150.As will be described in further detail below, PDLC is aobvious Show that device 150 can have pixel 160, pixel 160 is configured as substantially presenting when applying a voltage to pixel 160 transparent Shape, and be configured as that white or black are substantially presented when being in close state (for example, not applying voltage).In Fig. 7 In, in the case where display 110 is with dynamic mode operation, the pixel of PDLC display 150 is configured as substantially presenting saturating Bright shape, so as to watch LCD 140.In a particular embodiment, and as shown in Figure 8, when display 110 is with semi-static mould When formula operates, the pixel of PDLC display 150 can be addressed separately (for example, passing through display controller), so that each picture Transparence or white is presented in element.Forming the text shown in Fig. 8 by PDLC display 150 and the sun/cloud atlas picture pixel can be with It is configured as substantial transparent.Dark-coloured or black can be presented in these transparent pixels, because they show LCD 140 or back light 170 black or optical absorption surface.Other pixels of PDLC display 150, which can be configured as, to be in close state to be formed Substantially white background.In other specific embodiments, when display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, PDLC display 150 pixel is addressed, so that transparence or black is presented in each pixel.Forming text and the sun/cloud atlas picture pixel can be with It is configured as substantially black (or optical absorption), and the pixel for forming the white background pixels of PDLC display 150 can be by It is configured in the open state, therefore they are substantially transparent.LCD 140 or back light 170 can be configured as reflection or Incident light is scattered, so that white is presented in the correspondence transparent pixels of PDLC display 150.
In a particular embodiment, Fig. 7 and semi-static display 150 shown in fig. 8 can be electrochromic display device (ECD), and And dual mode display 110 shown in Fig. 7 and 8 can be LCD 140 (having back light 170) and electrochromic display device (ECD) 150 Combination.As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, LCD 140 can be located at behind electrochromic display device (ECD) 150.As retouched in detail further below It states, electrochromic display device (ECD) 150 can have pixel 160, and pixel 160 is configured as substantially presenting transparence or substantially Blue, silver color, black or white is presented, and electrochromism picture can be changed by applying a burst of charge to the electrode of pixel The state (for example, changing from transparent to white) of element.In Fig. 7, in the case where display 110 is with dynamic mode operation, electricity The pixel of color changing display 150 is caused to be configured as that transparence is substantially presented, so as to watch LCD 140.In fig. 8, exist In the case that display 110 is operated with semi-static mode, the pixel of electrochromic display device (ECD) 150 is addressed separately (for example, passing through Display controller) so that transparence or white is presented in each pixel.It is shown in formation Fig. 8 by electrochromic display device (ECD) 150 Text and the sun/cloud atlas picture pixel can be configured as substantial transparent.Dark-coloured or black can be presented in these transparent pixels, Because they show black or the optical absorption surface of LCD 140 or back light 170.Other pixels of electrochromic display device (ECD) 150 It can be configured as and white is substantially presented.
In a particular embodiment, Fig. 7 and semi-static display 150 shown in fig. 8 can be electric dispersion display, and Fig. 7 and dual mode display shown in fig. 8 110 may include LCD 140 (having back light 170) and electric dispersion display 150 Combination.As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, LCD 140 can be located at behind electric dispersion display 150.As detailed further below , short grained color, movement or the position for including in the pixel 160 based on electric dispersion display 150, electric dispersion display Substantial transparent shape, opaque shape, black or white can be presented in 150 pixel 160.It can be by being applied to one of pixel Or the voltage of multiple electrodes controls short grained movement or position in pixel.In Fig. 7, in display 110 with dynamic mode In the case where operation, the pixel of electric dispersion display 150 is configured as that transparence is substantially presented, so as to watch LCD 140.In a particular embodiment, and as shown in Figure 8, when display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, electric dispersion display 150 pixel can be addressed separately (for example, passing through display controller), so that transparence or white is presented in each pixel. Forming the text shown in Fig. 8 by electric dispersion display 150 and the sun/cloud atlas picture pixel can be configured as substantially thoroughly It is bright.Dark-coloured or black can be presented in these transparent pixels, because they show that the black or optics of LCD 140 or back light 170 are inhaled Receive surface.Other pixels of electric dispersion display 150, which can be configured as, is substantially presented opaque shape or white (for example, packet The little particle being contained in pixel can be white or it is reflexive, and can position those particles make pixel present it is white Color).In other specific embodiments, when display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, formed in Fig. 8 by electric dispersion display The texts and the sun/cloud atlas picture pixel of 150 displays can be configured as it is substantially dark-coloured or black (for example, comprising Little particle in pixel can be black, and can position those particles and make pixel that black be presented).In addition, electric color Dissipate display 150 other pixels can be configured as it is substantial transparent, and these transparent pixels can pass through display LCD 140 or back light 170 white or reflective surface and white is presented.In a particular embodiment, LCD 140 or back light 170 can be with It can be configured as with reflexive or partial reflection Front-coating mirror or LCD 140 or back light 170 inactive or be closed Shi Chengxian white.
In a particular embodiment, Fig. 7 and semi-static display 150 shown in fig. 8 can be electric moistening display, and Fig. 7 and dual mode display shown in Fig. 8 110 may include LCD 140 (having back light 170) and electric moistening display 150 Combination.As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, LCD 140 can be located at behind electric moistening display 150.As detailed further below , electric moistening display 150 can have pixel 160, and each pixel 160 includes electrowetting fluid, which can be with It is controlled to make pixel 160 that substantial transparent shape, opaque shape, black or white be presented.Based on being applied to electrowetting pixel One or more voltages of electrode include that electrowetting fluid in pixel can be moved to change the appearance of pixel.In Fig. 7 In, in the case where display 110 is with dynamic mode operation, the pixel of electric moistening display 150 is configured as substantially presenting Transparence, allow the light from LCD 140 pass through electric moistening display 150 and can from display equipment 100 before It is watched.In a particular embodiment, and as shown in Figure 8, when display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, electrowetting The pixel of display 150 can be addressed separately (for example, passing through display controller) so that each pixel present transparence or White.Forming the text shown in Fig. 8 by electric moistening display 150 and the sun/cloud atlas picture pixel can be configured as substantially It is upper transparent.Dark-coloured or black can be presented in these transparent pixels, because they show the black or light of LCD 140 or back light 170 Learn sorbent surface.Other pixels of electric moistening display 150, which can be configured as, is presented substantially opaque shape or white (example Such as, electrowetting fluid can be white, and may be oriented such that white is presented in pixel).In other specific embodiments In, when display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, formed the text shown in Fig. 8 by electric dispersion display 150 and the sun/ The pixel of cloud atlas picture can be configured as substantially dark-coloured or black (for example, electrowetting fluid can be black or light Learn absorption).In addition, other pixels of electric dispersion display 150 can be configured as substantial transparent, and these transparent pictures White can be presented by the white or reflective surface of display LCD 140 or back light 170 in element.
Fig. 9 and Figure 10 all illustrates the exploded view (in left side) of another example display 110 and has example display 110 Example display device 100 front view (on right side).In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include preceding display 150 (it can be semi-static or non-emissive display) and rear display 140 (it can be emissive display, such as LED, OLED or QD display).In the example of figure 9, display 110 operates in a dynamic mode and shows the figure of tropical scene Picture, and in the example in Figure 10, display 110 operates under semi-static mode.In figure 9 and in figure 10, rear display 140 can be with It is OLED display, wherein each pixel includes one or more organic compound films in response to electric current and luminous.As showing Example rather than by way of limitation, each OLED pixel may include three or more sub-pixels, and each sub-pixel includes quilt It is configured to specific the organising of the transmitting particular color component (for example, red, green or blue) when electric current passes through the sub-pixel Close object.When the red of OLED pixel, green and blue sub-pixel are switched on identical amount, white can be presented in pixel.When When one or more sub-pixels of OLED pixel use the current turns ON of specific quantity, particular color can be presented (for example, red in pixel Color, green, yellow, orange etc.).Although it is aobvious that the disclosure is described and illustrated the specific OLED for being configured as operating in a specific way Show device, but the disclosure covers any suitable OLED display for being configured as operating in any suitable manner.
The display 110 that Fig. 9 is shown with dynamic mode operation, the wherein display of OLED display 140 can be digitized map The image of a part of piece or video.When display 110 is with dynamic mode operation, semi-static display 150 can be configured To be substantial transparent, to allow the light from OLED display 140 to pass through semi-static display 150, come from so as to watch The image of OLED display 140.Figure 10 is shown with the example display 110 of Fig. 9 of semi-static mode operation, wherein semi-static Display 150 shows time, date and weather.In a particular embodiment, when display 110 operates under semi-static mode, OLED display 140 can be inactive or be closed, and substantial transparent shape, base can be presented in OLED display 140 Black (for example, optical absorption) or substantially white (for example, optical reflection or scattering) in sheet.As example rather than pass through limit Incident most of light on its front surface, and OLED can be absorbed in the mode of system, when closed, OLED display 140 Dark-coloured or black can be presented in display 140.As another example rather than by way of limitation, when closed, OLED is aobvious Show that device 140 can reflect or scatter most of incident light, and reflexive or white can be presented in OLED display 140.
In the example of Fig. 9 and Figure 10, preceding display 150 can be any suitable non-emissive (or semi-static) display Device, for example, PDLC display, electrochromic display device (ECD), electric dispersion display, in its any phase LCD (for example, nematic, TN, STN, SmA etc.) or electric moistening display.In figure 9 and in figure 10, preceding display 150 can be PDLC display, electroluminescent change Color display, electric dispersion display or electric moistening display, and the pixel of preceding display 150 can be configured as when OLED is aobvious Show it is substantial transparent when device 140 operates, so that the light for allowing to be emitted by OLED display 140 passes through preceding display 150.Specific In embodiment, and as shown in Figure 10, when display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, (it can be preceding display 150 PDLC display, electrochromic display device (ECD), electric dispersion display, electric moistening display or in its any phase LCD (for example, Nematic, TN, STN, SmA etc.)) pixel can be addressed separately so that transparence or white is presented in each pixel.Form figure Text and the sun/cloud atlas picture pixel shown in 10 by preceding display 150 can be configured as substantial transparent.These are transparent Dark-coloured or black can be presented by the black or optical absorption surface for showing OLED display 140 in pixel.Preceding display 150 Other pixels can be configured as substantially opaque shape or white is presented, to form white background shown in Figure 10. In other specific embodiments, when display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, (it can be PDLC and shows preceding display 150 Device, electrochromic display device (ECD), electric dispersion display, electric moistening display or in its any phase LCD (for example, nematic, TN, STN, SmA etc.)) pixel can be addressed so that transparence or black is presented in each pixel.Form text and the sun/cloud The pixel of image can be configured as (or optical absorption) of substantially black, and before being formed display 150 white back The pixel of scene element can be configured as substantial transparent.OLED display 140 can be configured as reflection or scattering incident light, So that white is presented in the correspondence transparent pixels of preceding display 150.
Figure 11 and Figure 12 all illustrates the exploded view (in left side) of another example display 110 and has example display The front view of 110 example display device 100 (on right side).In the example of Figure 11 and Figure 12, rear display 140 is that electrophoresis is aobvious Show device.In a particular embodiment, each pixel of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 may include the volume filled with liquid, wherein suspending There are white and black particle or particle (capsule).White and black particle can be it is electrically controllable, and by pixel Mobile particle in volume, pixel can be configured as presentation white or black.As it is used herein, white object (for example, Grain or pixel) it can refer to and substantially reflect or scatter incident light or the object of white is presented, and black object can refer to substantially It absorbs incident light or dark-coloured object is presented.In a particular embodiment, the electrophoretic particles of both colors can to positive charge or Negative electrical charge all has different affinity.As example rather than by way of limitation, white particle can be attracted to positive electricity The positive side of lotus or electric field, and black particle can be attracted to the negative side of negative electrical charge or electric field.By applying and electrophoretic display The orthogonal electric field in surface is watched, the particle of any color can be moved to the front surface of pixel, and is overleaf hidden another Color is planted in order to avoid watching.As example rather than by way of limitation ,+5V the signal for being applied to electrophoretic display can be by white Grain pulls to front surface and makes pixel that white be presented.Similarly, black particle can be pulled to the front surface of pixel and made by+5V signal Black is presented in pixel.
In Figure 11 and Figure 12, preceding display 150 is transparent OLED display.In a particular embodiment, transparent OLED display can be also substantial transparent emissive display.In a particular embodiment, transparent OLED display can To refer to the OLED display for including substantial transparent component.As example rather than by way of limitation, transparent OLED picture The negative electrode of element can be made of semi-transparent metals (for example, magnesium silver alloy), and positive electrode can be made by tin indium oxide (ITO) At.As another example rather than by way of limitation, transparent OLED pixel may include transparent film transistor (TFT), It can be made of the thin layer of zinc tin oxide.Figure 11 is shown with the display 110 of dynamic (or emission type) mode operation, In transparent OLED display 150 show a part of image or video.When display 110 is with dynamic mode operation, electrophoresis Display 140 can be configured as it is substantially dark-coloured, to provide black background for transparent OLED display 150 and to change The contrast of kind display 110.Figure 12 shows the display 110 operated with semi-static mode.Transparent OLED display 150 It is powered down and is substantially transparent, and the pixel of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 is configured as presenting white or black to generate figure Text and image shown in 12.
Figure 13 and Figure 14 all illustrates the exploded view of another example display 110.In the example in figure 13, display 110 With dynamic mode operation and show the image of tropical scene, and in the example in figure 14, display 110 is with semi-static mode behaviour Make.In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include preceding display 150 (it can be semi-static or non-emissive display) With rear display 140 (it can be LCD).In the example of Figure 13 and Figure 14, preceding display 150 can be any suitable non- Emission type (or semi-static) display, such as PDLC display, electrochromic display device (ECD), electric dispersion display, electrowetting are shown Device or LCD (for example, nematic, TN, STN, SmA etc.) in its any phase.When display 110 is with dynamic mode operation, Semi-static display 150 can be configured as it is substantial transparent, with allow the light from LCD 140 pass through semi-static display 150, so as to watch the image from LCD 140.
In a particular embodiment, and as shown in Figure 14, when display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, preceding display (it can be PDLC display, electrochromic display device (ECD), electric dispersion display, electric moistening display or any in its to device 150 The LCD (for example, nematic, TN, STN, SmA etc.) of phase) pixel can be addressed separately so that each pixel present transparence Or white.Forming the text shown in Figure 14 by preceding display 150 and the sun/cloud atlas picture pixel can be configured as substantially It is transparent.Dark-coloured or black can be presented by the black or optical absorption surface for showing LCD 140 in these transparent pixels.It is preceding aobvious Show that other pixels of device 150 can be configured as and substantially opaque shape or white is presented, to be formed white shown in Figure 14 Color background.In other specific embodiments, when display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, (it can be preceding display 150 PDLC display, electrochromic display device (ECD), electric dispersion display, electric moistening display or in its any phase LCD (for example, Nematic, TN, STN, SmA etc.)) pixel can be addressed so that transparence or black is presented in each pixel.Formed text and The sun/cloud atlas picture pixel can be configured as (or optical absorption) of substantially black, and display 150 before being formed The pixel of white background pixels can be configured as substantial transparent.LCD 140 or surface 180 can be configured as reflection or dissipate Incident light is penetrated, so that white is presented in the correspondence transparent pixels of preceding display 150.
In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include positioned at the subsequent backing layer 180 of LCD 140, and backing layer 180 It can be reflector or back light.As example rather than by way of limitation, backing layer 180 can be reflector, such as reflexive Surface (for example, surface with reflective metal or dielectric coating), or can be configured as substantially scattering big portion Divide incident light and the opaque surface of white is presented.In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include semi-static display 150, LCD 140 and backing layer 180, wherein backing layer 180 is configured as reflector, and the reflector is by arriving reflection of ambient light The pixel of LCD 140 for LCD 140 provides illumination.The pixel of LCD 140 can be directed to by the light that reflector 180 reflects, The pixel modulates the light from reflector 180 to generate image or text.In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include Headlight 190, headlight 190 are configured as providing illumination to LCD 140, and wherein headlight 190 includes substantial transparent layer, wherein according to Bright source is located on one or more edges of headlight 190.As example rather than by way of limitation, display 110 be can wrap LCD 140, semi-static display 150, reflector 180 and headlight 190 are included, wherein reflector 180 and headlight 190 are LCD together 140 provide illumination.Reflector 180 can be by reflecting or scattering to LCD 140 for incoming ambient light or light from headlight 190 Pixel for LCD 140 provide illumination.If there is enough environment light can be used for illuminating LCD 140, then headlight 190 can close It closes or can be operated with reduced setting.If can be used for illuminating LCD 140 (for example, black without enough environment light In dark room), then headlight 190 can be connected to provide illumination, and the light from headlight 190 can be anti-from reflector 180 It penetrates, and then illuminates the pixel of LCD 140.In a particular embodiment, can the amount based on existing environment light upward or downward The light quantity (for example, headlight can provide increased illumination when environment light is reduced) provided by headlight 190 is provided.In particular implementation In example, if not existing enough environment light to be scattered or reflected by semi-static display 150, headlight 190 can be used for Illumination is provided for semi-static display 150.As example rather than by way of limitation, in dark room, it can connect Headlight 190 is to illuminate semi-static display 150.
In the example of Figure 13 and Figure 14, backing layer 180 can be configured as providing the back light of illumination to LCD 140.Make For example rather than by way of limitation, display 110 may include LCD 140, semi-static display 150, back light 180 and preceding Lamp 190.In a particular embodiment, the illumination of LCD 140 can be provided mainly by back light 180, and when LCD 140 is operated Headlight 190 can be closed.When display 110 operates under semi-static mode, back light 180 can be closed, and can close Headlight 190 can connect headlight 190 to provide illumination for semi-static display 150.
Figure 15 and Figure 16 all illustrates the exploded view of another example display 110.In the example of fig. 15, display 110 With dynamic mode operation and show the image of tropical scene, and in the example of Figure 16, display 110 is with semi-static mode behaviour Make.In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include that (it can be semi-static or non-emissive and shows preceding display 150 Device) and rear display 140 (it can be LED, OLED or QD display).In the example of Figure 15 and Figure 16, preceding display 150 It can be any suitable non-emissive (or semi-static) display, such as PDLC display, electrochromic display device (ECD), electric dispersion Display, electric moistening display or the LCD (for example, nematic, TN, STN, SmA etc.) in its any phase.In Figure 15 and Figure 16 In, rear display 140 can be OLED display, and when display 110 is with dynamic mode operation, semi-static display 150 can be configured as substantial transparent, pass through semi-static display 150 with the light for allowing to be emitted by OLED display 140, from And the image from OLED display 140 can be watched.
In a particular embodiment, and as shown in Figure 16, when display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, preceding display (it can be PDLC display, electrochromic display device (ECD), electric dispersion display, electric moistening display or any in its to device 150 The LCD (for example, nematic, TN, STN, SmA etc.) of phase) pixel can be addressed separately so that each pixel present transparence Or white, and OLED display 140 can be closed and be configured as that black is substantially presented.In other specific embodiments In, when display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, the pixel of preceding display 150 can be addressed, so that each pixel is presented Transparence or black, and OLED display 140 can be closed and be configured as that white is substantially presented.In particular implementation In example, and as shown in figs. 15 and 16, display 110 may include OLED display 140,150 and of semi-static display Headlight 190.In the example of Figure 16, if not existing enough environment light to be scattered or reflected by semi-static display 150, Then display 110 may include headlight 190 to provide illumination for semi-static display 150.When display 110 is with semi-static mould When formula operates, if there is enough environment light can be used for illuminating semi-static display 150, then headlight 190 can close or can To be operated with reduced setting.If can be used for illuminating semi-static display 150 without enough environment light, can connect Headlight 190 is to provide illumination for semi-static display 150.It in a particular embodiment, can be based on the amount of existing environment light The light quantity provided from headlight 190 to semi-static display 150 is provided upward or downward.
Figure 17 shows a part of Examples section emissive display 200.In a particular embodiment, part emission type is aobvious Show that device 200 may include part emission type pixel 160, wherein each part emission type pixel 160 includes one or more basic Upper transparent region and the one or more addressable areas for being configured as modulation or transmitting visible light.In the example of Figure 17, Dotted line includes Examples section emission type pixel 160 comprising substantial transparent region (being labeled as " penetrating (CLEAR) ") and packet Include the addressable area of red (" R "), green (" G ") and blue (" B ") sub-pixel.In a particular embodiment, part emission type Display 200 can be part emission type LCD, and part emission type LCD pixel 160 may include LCD sub-pixel, wherein often A LCD sub-pixel is configured as modulating specific color component (for example, red, green or blue).In other specific embodiments In, part emissive display 200 can be the part emission type LED for being respectively provided with part emission type LED or OLED pixel 160 Or OLED display.Each part emission type LED or OLED pixel 160 may include sub-pixel, and each sub-pixel is configured as Emit specific color component (for example, red, green or blue).In a particular embodiment, transparent region and addressable area It can take up any suitable score of the area of part emission type pixel 160.As example rather than by way of limitation, thoroughly Area pellucida domain can take up 1/4,1/3,1/2,2/3,3/4 or any suitable score of the area of part emission type pixel 160.Class As, it is 1/4,1/3,1/2,2/3,3/4 or any suitable to can take up the area of part emission type pixel 160 for addressable area Score.In the example of Figure 17, transparent region and addressable area occupy the area of part emission type pixel 160 about Half.In a particular embodiment, part emissive display can be referred to as partial display, and part emission type LCD or OLED display can be known respectively as part LCD display or part OLED display.In addition, part emission type pixel can be with Referred to as partial pixel, and part emission type LCD, OLED or QD pixel can be known respectively as part LCD pixel or part OLED pixel.
Figure 18 A- Figure 18 E shows Examples section emission type pixel 160.In a particular embodiment, part emission type pixel 160 can have any suitable shape, such as square, rectangle or circle.The hair of Examples section shown in Figure 18 A- Figure 18 E Emitting pixel 160 has the transparent region and sub-pixel of various arrangements, shapes and sizes.Figure 18 A show with shown in Figure 17 The similar part emission type pixel 160 of part emission type pixel 160.In Figure 18 A, part emission type pixel 160 includes three A adjacent rectangle sub-pixel (" R ", " G " and " B ") and the transparent region below these three sub-pixels, transparent region tool There is the size roughly the same with these three sub-pixels.In Figure 18 B, part emission type pixel 160 includes three adjacent rectangles The transparent region of sub-pixel and neighbouring blue subpixels positioning, the transparent region have the size roughly the same with each sub-pixel And shape.In Figure 18 C, part emission type pixel 160 is subdivided into four quadrants, wherein three sub-pixels occupy three as Limit, and transparent region is located at fourth quadrant.In Figure 18 D, there are four rectangular sub-pixels for the tool of part emission type pixel 160, and And transparent region is located between this four sub-pixels and surrounding.In Figure 18 E, there are four round for the tool of part emission type pixel 160 Sub-pixel, and transparent region is located between this four sub-pixels and surrounding.Although the disclosure is described and illustrated with specific Arrangement, the specific part emission type pixel of the particular sub-pixel of shapes and sizes and transparent region, but the disclosure covers and has Any suitable part emission type picture of any suitable arrangement, any suitable sub-pixel of shapes and sizes and transparent region Element.
Figure 19-Figure 23 all illustrates the exploded view of example display 110.Example display 110 in Figure 19-Figure 23 is wrapped Part emissive display is included, display 150 or rear display 140 before which is configured as.In spy Determine in embodiment, part emissive display may be used as emissive display, and in addition, part emissive display it is saturating Area pellucida domain can permit environment light or a part of the light from headlight or back light is transmitted through part emissive display.In spy Determine in embodiment, environment light (for example, light from the one or more sources being located at outside display 110) can pass through part and send out The transparent region of emitting display, and environment light can be used for illuminating part emissive display pixel or another display The pixel of (for example, electrophoretic display device (EPD)).
In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include display 150 or rear display 140 before being configured as Partially transparent display.Each pixel of partially transparent display can have one or more semi-static addressable areas, It can be configured as presentation white, black or transparence.In addition, each pixel of partially transparent display can have one or Multiple substantial transparent regions allow environment light or the light from headlight or back light to pass through.As example rather than pass through limit The mode of system, partially transparent electrophoretic display device (EPD) may be used as semi-static display, and the pixel of the semi-static display can be matched It is set to presentation white or black.In addition, each pixel of partially transparent electrophoretic display device (EPD) can have one or more clear areas Domain (similar to above-mentioned part emission type pixel), can be with transmitted ambient light or a part of the light from headlight or back light. In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include part emissive display and partially transparent electrophoretic display device (EPD), and this two The pixel of a display can be aligned relative to each other, so that their own addressable area is substantially nonoverlapping, and And their own transparent region is substantially nonoverlapping.As example rather than by way of limitation, part emission type picture The transparent region of element can transmit the light for illuminating the electrophoresis region of partially transparent pixel, and similarly, partially transparent pixel Transparent region can transmit the light for illuminating the sub-pixel of part emission type LCD pixel.In a particular embodiment, partially transparent electrophoresis Display can be referred to as part electrophoretic display device (EPD).
In a particular embodiment, display 110 may include segmentation back light, and region is configured as generating illumination light, and Other regions are configured as not generating light.In a particular embodiment, segmentation back light can be aligned relative to part LCD, make score The light generating region of section back light is aligned to illuminate the sub-pixel of part LCD.As example rather than by way of limitation, segmentation Back light can produce light in stripes, and each striation can be aligned to illuminate the corresponding sub-pixel item of part LCD.Although The disclosure is described and illustrated including part emissive display, partially transparent display and including being segmented the specific combination of back light Particular display, but the disclosure cover including part emissive display, partially transparent display or segmentation back light appoint Any suitable display including what suitable combination.
Example display 110 in Figure 19 includes part LCD 150, layer 210 and layer 220.In the example of Figure 19, layer Before 210 can be reflector (for example, being configured as the reflective surface reflected incident light), and layer 220 can be Lamp.As example rather than by way of limitation, reflector can reflect incident light about 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or Any suitable percentage.When the display 110 in Figure 19 is with the operation of emission type mode, headlight 220 is switched on and illuminates anti- Emitter 210, and the light from headlight 190 is reflected into part LCD 150 by reflector 210,150 modulation light of part LCD with Emit image, video or other content.Under emission type mode, environment light (transparent region for being transmitted through display 150) It can be used for illuminating part LCD 150.When display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, headlight 220 is powered down, and environment Light (for example, room light or sunlight) passes through the transparent region of part LCD 150.Environment light passes through substantial transparent headlight 220, And it is reflected from reflector 210.150 modulation light of the illumination bright part LCD150 of reflection, part LCD with generate text, image or Other content.Under non-emissive mode, display 110 can need seldom electric power, because headlight is powered down and part LCD 150 can not need a large amount of electric power to operate.
In other specific embodiments, in Figure 19, layer 210 can be back light, and layer 220 can be positioned at back light Transflector between 210 and part LCD 150.Transflector, which can refer to, carries out part reflection and carry out portion to incident light Divide the layer of transmission.As example rather than by way of limitation, transflector may include: the glass with reflective coating Substrate, the reflective coating cover the multiple portions of the substrate；The half-silvered mirror of partial transmission and partial reflection；Or wiregrating Polarizer.In a particular embodiment, transflector can be with any suitable part of transmission or reflection incident light.As example Rather than by way of limitation, transflector 220 can reflect about the 50% of incident light and can transmit incident light About 50%.In the example of Figure 19, when display 110 is with the operation of emission type mode, back light 210 can be switched on and can To send light by transflector 220 to illuminate part LCD 150.In a particular embodiment, if there is enough environment light It can be used for illuminating part LCD 150, then can be decreased or turned off the light from back light 210.When display 110 is with semi-static mode When operation, back light 210 can be closed, and transflector 220 can by by reflection of ambient light to part LCD 150 come Illuminate part LCD 150.Environment light (for example, being originated from the light outside display 110) can be via the clear area of part LCD 150 Domain is transmitted in display 110.
In the example of fig. 20, preceding display 150 is part emission type LCD, and then display 140 is that pixel is configured as The partially transparent electrophoretic display device (EPD) of white or black is presented.Example display 110 in Figure 20 includes part LCD 150, part Electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 and segmentation back light 170.In a particular embodiment, the picture of part LCD 150 and part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 Element can have identical size, and pixel can be aligned relative to each other.Pixel can be aligned, so that their boundary Above or below each other, and make the transparent region and the pixel of another display of the pixel of a display Addressable area superposition, vice versa.When the display 110 in Figure 20 is with the operation of emission type mode, segmentation back light 170 is connect It is logical, and the light-emitting section for being segmented back light 170 generates the transparent region for propagating through part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 and illuminates part The light of the sub-pixel of LCD 150,150 pairs of light of part LCD are modulated to generate image or other content.It is segmented back light 170 Darker area does not generate light.When display 110 is with the operation of emission type mode, the pixel of part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 can be by It is configured to that white or black is presented.When display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, it is segmented back light 170 and 150 quilt of part LCD Power-off, and environment light illuminates the addressable of the pixel of part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 across the transparent region of part LCD 150 Region.Each pixel of part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 can be configured as presentation white or black, so that part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 generate text, image or other content.
In the example of Figure 21, rear display 140 is part emission type LCD, and preceding display 150 is that pixel is configured as The partially transparent electrophoretic display device (EPD) of white or black is presented.Example display 110 in Figure 21 includes part LCD 140, part Electrophoretic display device (EPD) 150 and segmentation back light 170.In a particular embodiment, the picture of part LCD 140 and part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 150 Element can have identical size, and pixel (and their own transparent region and addressable area) can be relative to that This alignment.When the display 110 in Figure 21 is with the operation of emission type mode, segmentation back light 170 is switched on, and is segmented back light 170 light-emitting section generates the light for illuminating the sub-pixel of part LCD 140.Sub-pixel is modulated to generate and propagate through portion light Divide the image or other content of the transparent region of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 150.The darker area of segmentation back light 170 does not generate light.When aobvious When showing device 110 with the operation of emission type mode, the pixel of part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 150 can be configured as presentation white or black. When display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, it is segmented back light 170 and part LCD 150 is powered down, and ambient lighting highlights Divide the addressable area of the pixel of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 150.Propagate through the environment light of the transparent region of part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 150 It can be absorbed or be reflected by the sub-pixel of part LCD 140.
In the example of Figure 22, rear display 140 is part emitting OLED display, and preceding display 150 is part Transparent electrophoretic display device (EPD).Example display 110 in Figure 22 includes part OLED display 140 and part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 150. In a particular embodiment, part OLED display 140 and the pixel of part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 150 can have identical size, And pixel (and their own transparent region and addressable area) can be aligned relative to each other.When the display in Figure 22 When device 110 is with the operation of emission type mode, the sub-pixel of part OLED display 140, which can emit, propagates through part electrophoresis showed The light of the transparent region of device 150.When display 110 is with the operation of emission type mode, the pixel of part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 150 can be with It is configured as that white or black is presented.When display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, part OLED display 140 can be by Power-off, and the addressable area of the pixel of ambient lighting bright part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 150, be both configured to present black or White.The environment light for propagating through the transparent region of part electrophoretic display device (EPD) 150 can be by the sub- picture of part OLED display 140 Element is absorbed, scatters or is reflected.
In the example of Figure 23, rear display 140 is electrophoretic display device (EPD), and preceding display 150 is partially transparent LCD 150.Example display 110 in Figure 23 includes electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140, headlight 190 and part LCD 150.In specific embodiment In, electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 can be part electrophoretic display device (EPD) or (as shown in figure 23) and can be with seldom transparent region or not have There is the electrophoretic display device (EPD) of transparent region.In a particular embodiment, the pixel of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 and part LCD 150 can phases For aligned with each other.When the display 110 in Figure 22 is with the operation of emission type mode, back light 190 can be switched on to illuminate electricity Phoretic display 140, and electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 is configured such that its pixel is white, so that they will be from back The light forescatering of lamp is reflected into part LCD 150.The sub-pixel modulation of part LCD 150 is scattered by electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 Incident light, to generate image or other content.When display 110 is with the operation of semi-static mode, back light 190 and part LCD 150 can be powered down.Electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 is penetrated by ambient lighting, which passes through the transparent region of part LCD 150 And pass through headlight 190.The pixel of electrophoretic display device (EPD) 140 is configured as presentation white or black and propagates through headlight 190 to generate With the text or image of the transparent region of part LCD 150.
In a particular embodiment, display screen can be contained in electric appliance (for example, in door of refrigerator) or be comprised in vapour In a part of vehicle (for example, in the windshield or mirror of automobile).As example rather than by way of limitation, display screen can To be comprised in windshield to provide the information of covering in a part of windshield.In a kind of operation mode In, display screen can be substantially transparent, and in another operation mode, display screen matrix can be configured as display can By the information of driver or passenger's viewing.In a particular embodiment, display screen may include multiple pixels, wherein each pixel It can be configured as substantial transparent to incident light or at least partly opaque or substantially opaque to incident light.Make For example rather than by way of limitation, semi-static display may include multiple semi-static pixels, wherein semi-static pixel can It is substantial transparent or opaque to be configured as.In a particular embodiment, it is configured as with two or more modes (wherein one Kind of mode includes that transparence is presented in the pixel of display screen) display screen that is operated can be referred to as the display with the high grade of transparency Device.In a particular embodiment, when pixel is in its substantial transparent to visible light mode, which can be without following Operation: transmitting generates visible light；Modulate one or more frequencies (i.e. color) of visible light；Or both.
In a particular embodiment, at least partly opaque material or pixel can refer to it is to visible light part transparent simultaneously And the material or pixel that partly visible light is reflected, scattered or is absorbed.As example rather than by way of limitation, portion Divide opaque pixel that partially transparent shape and part black or white can be presented.It is substantially non-transparent material or pixel It can be the material that substantially all incidence visible lights reflected, scattered or absorbed and transmitted with seldom light or non-transmitted light Or pixel.In a particular embodiment, the scattering or reflection of the light from opaque material can refer to mirror-reflection, diffusing reflection (example Such as, incident light is scattered on many different directions) or mirror-reflection and irreflexive combination.As example rather than pass through The mode of limitation, black can be presented in the opaque material for substantially absorbing all incident lights, and substantially scatters or reflect institute White can be presented by having the opaque material of incident light.
Figure 24 A- Figure 24 B all illustrates the side view of exemplary polymers color dispersion-type liquid crystal (PDLC) pixel 160.In specific reality It applies in example, PDLC display may include the multiple PDLC pixels 160 for being arranged to be formed display screen, wherein each PDLC pixel 160 can be separately addressable (for example, using active matrix or passive matrix approach).In the example of Figure 24 A and Figure 24 B In, PDLC pixel 160 includes substrate 300 (for example, thin slice of transparent glass or plastics), electrode 310, liquid crystal (LC) drop 320 With polymer 330.Electrode 310 is substantial transparent, and can be made of the film of transparent material (for example, ITO), this is thin Film is deposited on the surface of substrate 300.LC drop 320 is suspended in cured polymer 330, wherein LC drop 320 and poly- The concentration for closing object 330 can be roughly equal.In a particular embodiment, when applying seldom voltage between electrode 310 or do not apply When voltage, PDLC pixel 160, which can be, is substantially non-transparent (for example, white or black can be presented in pixel 160), and works as When applying voltage between electrode 310, PDLC pixel 160 can be substantial transparent.In Figure 24 A, when two 310 couplings of electrode It is connected together so that incident ray 340 can be scattered or be absorbed light between electrode when voltage or electric field almost no or no The LC drop 320 of the random orientation of line 340 stops.Under this "Off" state, PDLC pixel 160 be it is substantially opaque or Non-transmissive, and white (for example, by scattering most incident light) or black can be presented (for example, passing through absorption Most incident light).In Figure 24 B, when applying voltage (for example, 5V) between electrode 310, generated electric field makes LC Drop 320 is aligned, so that incident ray 340 is transmitted through PDLC pixel 160.Under this " unlatching " state, PDLC pixel 160 It can be at least partly transparent.In a particular embodiment, the amount of the transparency of PDLC pixel 160 can be applied by adjusting Voltage control (for example, the higher voltage that applies leads to transparency of higher amount).Side as example rather than by limitation Formula, in the case where the application voltage of 2.5V, it is transparent (for example, incident light can be transmitted that PDLC pixel 160 can be 50% 50%), and in the case where the application voltage of 5V, it is transparent that PDLC pixel 160 can be 90%.
In a particular embodiment, PDLC can be prepared by the way that heavy polymer to be added in combinations of low molecular weight liquid crystals Material.Liquid crystal can be dissolved or dispersed in liquid polymers, then carry out solidification process (for example, polymerization or solvent evaporation). During polymer becomes solid from liquid, LC variable obtains and formation incompatible with solid polymer and is dispersed in entire solid Drop (for example, LC drop 320) in polymer (for example, polymer 330).In a particular embodiment, polymer and liquid crystal Liquid mixture can be placed between the two layers, wherein every layer includes substrate 300 and electrode 310.Then it can make polymer Solidification, so that the sandwich of PDLC equipment is formed, as shown in Figure 24 A- Figure 24 B.
PDLC material may be considered that a part for being known as a kind of material of liquid crystal polymer composite material (LCPC). PDLC material may include the about the same relative concentration of polymer and liquid crystal.Another type of LCPC is polymer stabilizing Type liquid crystal (PSLC), wherein the concentration of polymer can be the 10% of LC concentration.Similar with PDLC material, PSLC material is also poly- It closes and contains LC drop in object adhesive, but the concentration of polymer is significantly less than LC concentration.In addition, LC can in PSLC material To be continuously distributed in entire polymer not as droplet distribution.LC is added a polymer to be formed and mutually be separated PSLC mixture creates the domain of LC being differently directed, and light can be scattered from these domains, and wherein the size in domain can be with Determine the intensity of scattering.In a particular embodiment, pixel 160 may include PSLC material, and apply " closing for electric field no Close " under state, substantial transparent shape can be presented in PSLC pixel 160.In this state, the liquid crystal near polymer tends to It is aligned with stable configuration with polymer network.Since the homogeneous of both polymer and LC orient, polymer stabilizing type is verified Quasi- nematic crystal allows light to pass through without being scattered.In the case where having " unlatching " state for applying electric field, PSLC pixel 160 It can present substantially opaque.In this state, electric field on LC molecule applied force to be aligned with vertical electric field.However, Polymer network attempts to be maintained at LC molecule on horizontal homogeneous direction.As a result, forming domain, wherein the LC in domain is equal It orients evenly, but domain is randomly oriented.In this state, incident light encounters the different refractive index in domain, and light is dissipated It penetrates.Although the disclosure is described and illustrated the specific polymer stabilizing for being configured to form the specific pixel with specific structure Type liquid crystal material, but the disclosure covers any conjunction for being configured to form any suitable pixel with any suitable structure Suitable polymer stabilized liquid crystal material.
In one or more embodiments, the LC drop 320 of Figure 24 A- Figure 24 B is not colored.Therefore, when being controlled as locating When opaque state, white is presented in pixel.For example, LC drop is scattered light.In one or more embodiments, to LC Drop 320 adds dyestuff.Dyestuff is coloured.Dyestuff helps to carry out absorbing and also carrying out non-absorbing light scattered to light It penetrates.The example color of dyestuff includes but is not limited to: black, white, silver color (for example, TiO2), red, green, blue, cyan, Magenta and yellow.By adding dyestuff and by pixel control to LC drop 320 in opaque state, institute is presented in pixel The color of the dyestuff used.
In one or more embodiments, PDLC display can include one or more pixels without containing dyestuff.? In one or more embodiments, PDLC display can include one or more pixels, wherein each pixel includes dyestuff.? In one or more embodiments, PDLC display can include multiple pixels, wherein only some pixels are (for example, the picture of display The subset of element) it include dyestuff.In addition, in a particular embodiment, different dyestuffs can be used for different pixels.For example, PDLC display can have one or more pixels including the first dye colour, one including the second different dye colours A or multiple pixels etc..PDLC display may include the pixel of two or more different dyeing.For example, PDLC display can wrap Include one or more pixels for dying black, the pixel of one or more white colourings, one or more pixels for dying silver color, One or more dyes red pixel, one or more pixels for dying green, one or more pixels for dying blue, one A or multiple pixels for dying cyan, one or more pixel for dying magenta, the pixel of one or more stained yellows or Any combination of aforementioned item.
Figure 25 shows the side view of example electrochrome pixel 160.In a particular embodiment, electrochromic display device (ECD) can It to include electrochrome pixel 160, is arranged to form display screen, wherein can be can be single for each electrochrome pixel 160 (for example, using active matrix or the passive matrix approach) solely addressed.In the example of Figure 25, electrochrome pixel 160 includes Substrate 300 (for example, thin slice of transparent glass or plastics), electrode 310, ion storage 350,360 and of ionic conductivity electrolyte Electrochromic layer 370.Electrode 310 is substantial transparent, and can be made of the film of ITO, which is deposited over base On the surface of plate 300.Electrochromic layer 370 includes showing the material of electrochromism (for example, tungsten oxide, nickel oxide material Or polyaniline), wherein electrochromism refers to the reversible change of the color when applying a burst of charge to material.In particular implementation In example, in response to the charge or voltage applied, electrochrome pixel 160 can be in substantial transparent state (for example, incident Light 340 propagates through electrochrome pixel 160) with opaque, coloured or translucent state (for example, incident light 340 can be by Electrochrome pixel 160 is partly absorbing, filters out or scatters) between change.In a particular embodiment, opaque, coloured or In the state of translucent, blue, silver color, black, white or any other suitable face can be presented in electrochrome pixel 160 Color.When applying a burst of charge or voltage (for example, the switch in Figure 25 can be closed between electrode 310 with moment to electrode 310 Apply instantaneous voltage) when, electrochrome pixel 160 can change from a kind of state to another state.In a particular embodiment, Once the state of electrochrome pixel 160 changes with a burst of charge, then electrochrome pixel 160 can not need to appoint What electric power maintains its state, and therefore, electrochrome pixel 160 needs electricity when can only be changed between states Power.As example rather than by way of limitation, once the electrochrome pixel 160 of electrochromic display device (ECD) has been configured (for example, being transparent or white) makes display show some specific informations (for example, image or text), then shown information It can be maintained in a static mode, without any electric power or refreshing pixels.
Figure 26 shows the perspective view of example electricity dispersion pixel 160.In a particular embodiment, electric dispersion display can wrap Multiple electric dispersion pixels 160 are included, are arranged to form display screen, wherein each electricity dispersion pixel 160 can be and can individually seek (for example, using active matrix or passive matrix approach) of location.As example rather than by way of limitation, electric dispersion pixel 160 may include two or more electrodes, wherein can apply voltage to electrode by active or passive matrix.In specific reality It applies in example, electric dispersion pixel 160 may include preceding electrode 400, attract sub-electrode 410 and pixel shell 430.Preceding electrode 400 can It is oriented with being arranged essentially parallel to the viewing surface of display screen, and preceding electrode 400 can be substantial transparent to visible light.As Example rather than by way of limitation, preceding electrode 400 can be made of the film of ITO, which can be deposited over pixel shell In the front surface or rear surface of body 430.Attract sub-electrode 410 that can orient at a certain angle relative to preceding electrode 400.As Example rather than by way of limitation, attract sub-electrode 410 can be substantially orthogonal (for example, relative to preceding electrode with preceding electrode 400 400 are oriented with about 90 degree).In a particular embodiment, electric dispersion pixel 160 can also include be arranged in shell 430 with The dispersion sub-electrode 420 on surface for attracting sub-electrode 410 opposite.Attract sub-electrode 410 and dispersion sub-electrode 420 can be by The film of ITO or other conductive materials (for example, gold, silver, copper, chromium or Conducting forms carbon) film be made.
In a particular embodiment, the back or front of electrode 400 before pixel shell 430 can be at least partially situated at.Make For example rather than by way of limitation, shell 430 may include several walls, several described walls include by shell 430 The internal volume that wall is defined, and one or more electrodes can be attached to or be deposited on the respective table of the wall of shell 430 On face.As example rather than by way of limitation, preceding electrode 400 can be deposited on shell 430 antetheca or rear wall it is interior ITO electrode on surface (for example, surface of pixel-oriented volume) or outer surface.In a particular embodiment, the antetheca of shell 430 Or rear wall also refers to the layer for the pixel 160 that can be advanced through when incident light and the interaction of pixel 160, and shell 430 antetheca or rear wall can be substantial transparent to visible light.Therefore, in a particular embodiment, it is right to can have its for pixel 160 Visible light is substantial transparent and state or mode without following operation: transmitting generates visible light；Modulate visible light One or more frequencies (i.e. color)；Or both.As another example rather than by way of limitation, attract sub-electrode 410 or Dispersion sub-electrode 420 can be attached to or be deposited on inner surface or the outer surface of the side wall of shell 430.
Figure 27 shows the top view of the example electricity dispersion pixel 160 of Figure 26.In a particular embodiment, shell 430 can be with Comprising the electrically controllable material that can be moved in the volume of shell, and electrically controllable material can be at least partly impermeable to visible light It is bright.As example rather than by way of limitation, electrically controllable material can be reflectivity, or can be white, black, ash Color, blue or any other suitable color.In a particular embodiment, the pixel 160 of display can be configured as reception and apply Electrode 400 and attract the voltage between sub-electrode 410 and electric field is generated based on the voltage applied before being added in, wherein electric field is extremely Partially extend through the volume of pixel shell 430.In a particular embodiment, electrically controllable material can be configured as in response to The electric field that is applied and towards preceding electrode 400 or attract sub-electrode 410 mobile.In a particular embodiment, electrically controllable material can be with Opaque particle 440 including white, black or reflectivity, and it includes in pixel volume that these particles, which can be suspended in, In transparent fluid 450.As example rather than by way of limitation, electric dispersion particle 440 can (it can be in by titanium dioxide Existing white) it is made, and can have the diameter of about 1 λ m.As another example rather than by way of limitation, electric dispersion Grain 440 can be made of any suitable material, and can be coated with coloured or reflective coating.Particle 440, which can have, appoints What suitable size, such as the diameter of 0.1 λ m, 1 λ m or 10 λ m.Particle 440 can have any suitable diameter range (example Such as, from 1 λ m to the diameter range of 2 λ m).Although the disclosure is described and illustrated the specific electricity with specific components and particular size Dispersion particle, but the disclosure covers any suitable electric dispersion with any suitable component and any suitable size Grain.In a particular embodiment, the operation of electric dispersion pixel 160 can be related to electrophoresis, and wherein particle 440 has charge or eelctric dipole Son, and applied electric field can be used and carry out mobile particle.As example rather than by way of limitation, particle 440 can be with With positive charge and the negative side of negative electrical charge or electric field can be attracted to.Alternatively, particle 440 can have negative electrical charge and The positive side of positive charge or electric field can be attracted to.When electric dispersion pixel 160 is configured as transparent, particle 440 can be made It is moved to and attracts sub-electrode 410, so that incident light (for example, light 340) be allowed to pass through pixel 160.When pixel 160 is configured as When opaque, electrode 400 before particle 440 can be made to be moved to, to be scattered or absorb to incident light.
In one or more embodiments, the particle 440 of Figure 27 is not colored.Therefore, when being controlled as in impermeable When bright state, white is presented in pixel.For example, 440 pairs of light of particle are scattered.In one or more embodiments, to particle 440 Add dyestuff.Dyestuff is coloured.Dyestuff helps to carry out absorbing and being also scattered non-absorbing light to light.Dyestuff Example color includes but is not limited to: black, white, silver color (for example, TiO2), red, green, blue, cyan, magenta and Huang Color.By adding dyestuff and by pixel control to particle 440 in opaque state, used dyestuff is presented in pixel Color.
In one or more embodiments, electric dispersion display can include one or more pixels without containing dyestuff. In one or more embodiments, electric dispersion display can include one or more pixels, wherein each pixel includes dye Material.In one or more embodiments, electric dispersion display can include multiple pixels, wherein only some pixels are (for example, display The subset of the pixel of device) it include dyestuff.In addition, in a particular embodiment, different dyestuffs can be used for different pixels.Example Such as, electric dispersion display can have one or more pixels including the first dye colour, including the second different dyestuff face One or more pixels of color etc..Electric dispersion display may include the pixel of two or more different dyeing.For example, electric dispersion is aobvious Show that device can include that one or more dyes the pixel of black, pixel, the one or more of one or more white colourings are dyed The pixel of silver color, one or more red pixel, one or more pixels for dying green, one or more dyed dye indigo plant The pixel of color one or more dyes that the pixel of cyan, one or more dyes the pixel of magenta, one or more dyes Huang Any combination of the pixel of color or aforementioned item.
Figure 28 A- Figure 28 C all illustrates the top view of example electricity dispersion pixel 160.In a particular embodiment, pixel 160 can To be configured as operating in different modes, including transparent mode (as shown in Figure 28 A), partially transparent mode (as shown in Figure 28 B) With opaque pattern (as shown in fig. 28 c).It is " to inhale by electrode designations according to operation mode in the example of Figure 28 A- Figure 28 C Draw ", " repulsion " and " part attract ".In a particular embodiment, " attraction " refers to the electrode for being configured as attracting particle 440, And " repulsion " refers to the electrode for being configured as repelling particle 440, vice versa.Be applied to electrode opposite voltage depend on Grain 440 has positive charge or negative electrical charge.As example rather than by way of limitation, if fruit granule 440 has positive charge, then " attraction " electrode can be coupled to ground, and " repulsion " electrode can have the positive voltage (for example,+5V) applied to it.At this In the case of kind, positively charged particle 440 will be attracted grounding electrode and be repelled by positive electrode.
In transparent operation mode, the major part of electrically controllable material 440 is (for example, be greater than 80%, 90%, 95% or any Suitable percentage) attraction sub-electrode 410 can be attracted to and be located near attraction sub-electrode 410, so as to cause pixel 160 It is substantial transparent to incidence visible light.As example rather than by way of limitation, if fruit granule 440 has negative electrical charge, then inhale Introduction electrode 410 can have the positive voltage (for example,+5V) of application, and preceding electrode 400 is coupled to ground potential (for example, 0V).Such as Shown in Figure 28 A, particle 440 is attracting aggregation around sub-electrode 410, and only small fraction of incident light can be prevented to propagate through Pixel 160.In transparent mode, little or no electrically controllable material 440 is (for example, suitable less than 20%, 10%, 5% or any Percentage) can be located near preceding electrode 400, and pixel 160 can transmit the front surface for being incident on pixel 160 or rear table 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or more or any suitable percentage of the visible light on face.
In partially transparent operation mode, the first part of electrically controllable material 440 can be located near preceding electrode 400, and And the second part of electrically controllable material 440 can be located near attraction sub-electrode 410.In a particular embodiment, electrically controllable material 440 first part and second part can include the electrically controllable material between 10% to 90%.Shown in Figure 28 B Divide in transparent mode, preceding electrode 400 and attraction sub-electrode 410 can be both configured to partly attract particle 440.In Figure 28 B In, about the 50% of particle 440, which is located at, to be attracted near sub-electrode 410, and about the 50% of particle 440 is located at preceding electrode 400 Near.In a particular embodiment, when with the operation of partially transparent mode, the amount of first part or second part can be applied to Voltage between preceding electrode 400 and attraction sub-electrode 410 is substantially directly proportional.As example rather than by way of limitation, if Particle 440 has negative electrical charge and preceding electrode 400 is coupled to ground, then is located at and attracts the amount of the particle 440 near sub-electrode 410 can With substantially directly proportional to the voltage for being applied to attraction sub-electrode 410.In addition, the amount for the particle 440 being located near preceding electrode 400 can To be inversely proportional with the voltage for being applied to attraction sub-electrode 410.In a particular embodiment, when with the operation of partially transparent mode, electricity It is opaque that dispersion pixel 160 can be part, wherein electric dispersion pixel 160 is to visible light part transparent and to visible light It partly reflected, scattered or is absorbed.In partially transparent mode, pixel 160 be to incidence visible light it is partially transparent, The amount of middle transparency can attract the part of the electrically controllable material 440 near sub-electrode 410 substantially directly proportional to being located at.
In opaque operation mode, the major part of electrically controllable material 440 is (for example, being greater than 80%, 90%, 95% or appointing What suitable percentage) it can be located near preceding electrode 400.As example rather than by way of limitation, as fruit granule 440 has Have negative electrical charge, then attract sub-electrode 410 that can be coupled to ground potential, and preceding electrode 400 have apply positive voltage (for example,+ 5V).In a particular embodiment, when being operated with opaque pattern, pixel 160, which can be, to be substantially non-transparent, wherein pixel 160 are substantially reflected, scattered or are absorbed to all incidence visible lights.As shown in fig. 28 c, particle 440 can be attracted to Preceding electrode 400, to form opaque layer on the electrode and prevent light from passing through pixel 160.In a particular embodiment, particle 440 It can be white or reflexive, and in opaque pattern, white can be presented in pixel 160.In other specific embodiments In, particle 440 can be black or absorbability, and in opaque pattern, black can be presented in pixel.
In a particular embodiment, electrically controllable material 440 can be configured as light absorbing one or more spectral components simultaneously And other one or more spectral components of transmitted light.As example rather than by way of limitation, electrically controllable material 440 can be with It is configured as absorbing feux rouges and transmits green light and blue light.Three or more combination of pixels can be formed together can be with It is configured as the colored colour element of display, and multiple colour elements can be combined to form color monitor.In specific reality It applies in example, technicolo dispersion display can be manufactured by using the particle 440 with different colours.It is non-through as example The mode of limitation is crossed, is 440 property of can choose of particle transparent or reflection to particular color (for example, red, green or blue) Property, and the combination of three or more colored electrodeposition dispersion pixels 160 can be used to form colour element.
In a particular embodiment, when by the electrode 400 before attracting sub-electrode 410 to be moved to of particle 440, it is located at attractor The dispersion sub-electrode 420 on 410 opposite of electrode can be used for before electrode 400 that particle 440 is remote before attracting voltage to be applied to Disperse from attraction sub-electrode 410.As example rather than by way of limitation, apply voltage in electrode 400 forward to attract Before grain 440, dispersion sub-electrode 420 can be applied a voltage to first particle 440 is pulled away from attraction sub-electrode 410 and is entered In pixel volume.When front electrode 440 is configured as attracting particle 440, which can cause particle 440 by substantially uniformly Before ground is distributed on electrode 440.In a particular embodiment, electric dispersion pixel 160 can keep its state when electric power removes, and And electric dispersion pixel 160 only can need electric power when changing its state (for example, from transparent to opaque).In specific embodiment In, electric dispersion display can continue to show information after electric power removal.Electric dispersion display can be only shown by the update Information when consume electric power, and when being not carried out the update to shown information, electric dispersion display can consume very low Electric power or do not consume electric power.
Figure 29 shows the perspective view of exemplary electrical wetting pixel 160.In a particular embodiment, electric moistening display can be with It including multiple electrowetting pixels 160, is arranged to form display screen, wherein can be can be independent for each electrowetting pixel 160 (for example, using active matrix or passive matrix approach) of addressing.In a particular embodiment, electrowetting pixel may include preceding electricity Pole 400 attracts sub-electrode 410, liquid electrode 420, pixel shell 430 or hydrophobic coating 460.Preceding electrode 400 can be substantially The viewing surface of display screen is parallel to orient, and preceding electrode 400 can be substantial transparent to visible light.Preceding electrode 400 can Be deposited on shell 430 antetheca or rear wall inner surface or outer surface on ITO electrode.Attract sub-electrode 410 and liquid Electrode 420 (be located at and attract sub 410 opposites of sub-electrode) can orient at a certain angle both with respect to preceding electrode 400.As showing Example rather than by way of limitation, attract sub-electrode 410 and liquid electrode 420 can with preceding electrode 400 substantially orthogonal to.It inhales Introduction electrode 410 or liquid electrode 420 can be attached to or be deposited on inner surface or the outer surface of the side wall of shell 430 On.Attract sub-electrode 410 and liquid electrode 420 can be by the film of ITO or other conductive materials (for example, gold, silver, copper, chromium Or the carbon of Conducting forms) film be made.
Figure 30 shows the top view of the exemplary electrical wetting pixel 160 of Figure 29.In a particular embodiment, electrically controllable material 440 may include that can be coloured or opaque electrowetting fluid 440.As example rather than by way of limitation, electricity profit Black (for example, can substantially absorb light) can be presented in wet fluid 440, or can be absorbed or transmit some color components (for example, feux rouges can be absorbed and transmit blue light and green light).Electrowetting fluid 440 can with transparent fluid 470 together by comprising In pixel volume, and electrowetting fluid 440 and transparent fluid 470 can be it is unmixing.In a particular embodiment, electricity profit Wet fluid 440 may include oil, and transparent fluid 470 may include water.In a particular embodiment, electrowetting can refer to by applying The modification of the wetting property of the Electric Field on Surface added, and electrowetting fluid 440 can refer to the electric field in response to application and move Or it is attracted to the fluid on surface.As example rather than by way of limitation, electrowetting fluid 440 can be towards with positive Apply alive electrode movement.When electrowetting pixel 160 is configured as transparent, electrowetting fluid 440 can be adjacent to suction Introduction electrode 410 is mobile, so that incident light (for example, light 340) be allowed to pass through pixel 160.When pixel 160 be configured as it is impermeable When bright, electrowetting fluid 440 can be mobile adjacent to preceding electrode 400, so that incident light is scattered or inhaled by electrowetting fluid 440 It receives.
In a particular embodiment, electrowetting pixel 160 may include that one or more surfaces of pixel shell 430 are arranged in On hydrophobic coating 460.Hydrophobic coating 460 can be located at electrowetting fluid 440 and preceding electrode and attract between sub-electrode.As Example rather than by way of limitation, hydrophobic coating 460 can be fixed to or be deposited on and preceding electrode 400 and attract sub-electrode On the inner surface of one or more walls of 410 adjacent pixel shells 430.In a particular embodiment, hydrophobic coating 460 can wrap The material that electrowetting fluid 440 can be soaked easily is included, this can cause electrowetting fluid on the surface adjacent with electrode Form substantially uniform layer (rather than globule).
Figure 31 A- Figure 31 C all illustrates the top view of exemplary electrical wetting pixel 160.In a particular embodiment, electrowetting Pixel 160 can be configured as to be operated in different modes, including transparent mode (as shown in fig. 3 1A), partially transparent mode are (as schemed Shown in 31B) and opaque pattern (as shown in Figure 31 C).Electrode in Figure 31 A- Figure 31 C is labeled with positive charge symbol and negative electricity Lotus symbol, the relative charge and polarity of indicator electrode.In the transparent operation mode shown in Figure 31 A, preceding electrode 400 is closed (for example, without charge or voltage of application) attracts sub-electrode 410 to have positive charge or voltage, and relative to attractor electricity Pole 410, liquid electrode 420 have negative electrical charge or voltage.It, can be to attraction sub-electrode as example rather than by way of limitation 410 application+5V voltages, and liquid electrode 420 can be coupled to ground.In transparent operation mode, electrowetting fluid 440 Most of (for example, be greater than 80%, 90%, 95% or any suitable percentage), which can be attracted to, attracts sub-electrode 410 simultaneously It is substantial transparent to incidence visible light so as to cause pixel 160 near attraction sub-electrode 410.Shown in Figure 31 B Dividing in transparent operation mode, the first part of electrowetting fluid 440 is located near preceding electrode 400, and electrowetting fluid 440 Second part, which is located at, to be attracted near sub-electrode 410.Preceding electrode 400 and attraction sub-electrode 410 are both configured to attract electrowetting stream Body 440, and the amount of the electrowetting fluid 440 on each electrode depends on the relative charge or voltage that apply to electrode.When with When partially transparent mode operates, it is opaque and partially transparent that electrowetting pixel 160 can be part.Shown in Figure 31 C In opaque operation mode, the major part of electrowetting fluid 440 is (for example, be greater than 80%, 90%, 95% or any suitable hundred Point ratio) near the preceding electrode 400.Preceding electrode 400 has positive charge, and sub-electrode 410 is attracted to close, so as to cause electricity profit Wet fluid is moved to the surface adjacent to preceding electrode 400 of pixel shell 430.In a particular embodiment, in opaque pattern, Electrowetting pixel 160, which can be, to be substantially non-transparent, to reflect, scatter or absorb essentially all of incidence visible light. As example rather than by way of limitation, electrowetting fluid 440 can be black or absorbability, and pixel 160 can be with Black is presented.
In one or more embodiments, the electrowetting fluid 440 of Figure 29-Figure 31 is not colored.Therefore, when being controlled as When in opaque state, white is presented in pixel.For example, 440 pairs of light of electrowetting fluid are scattered.Implement in one or more In example, dyestuff is added to electrowetting fluid 440.Dyestuff is coloured.Dyestuff helps to carry out absorbing and also to non-suction to light The light of receipts is scattered.The example color of dyestuff includes but is not limited to: black, white, silver color (for example, TiO2), red, green Color, blue, cyan, magenta and yellow.By adding dyestuff and by pixel control to electrowetting fluid 440 in impermeable Bright state, pixel show the color of used dyestuff.
In one or more embodiments, electric moistening display can include one or more pixels without containing dyestuff. In one or more embodiments, electric moistening display can include one or more pixels, wherein each pixel includes dye Material.In one or more embodiments, electric moistening display can include multiple pixels, wherein only some pixels are (for example, display The subset of the pixel of device) it include dyestuff.In addition, in a particular embodiment, different dyestuffs can be used for different pixels.Example Such as, electric moistening display can have one or more pixels including the first dye colour, including the second different dyestuff face One or more pixels of color etc..Electric moistening display may include the pixel of two or more different dyeing.For example, electrowetting is aobvious Show that device can include that one or more dyes the pixel of black, pixel, the one or more of one or more white colourings are dyed The pixel of silver color, one or more red pixel, one or more pixels for dying green, one or more dyed dye indigo plant The pixel of color one or more dyes that the pixel of cyan, one or more dyes the pixel of magenta, one or more dyes Huang Any combination of the pixel of color or aforementioned item.
In a particular embodiment, one or more glass substrates or plastic base can be used manufacture PDLC display, Electrochromic display device (ECD) or SmA display.As example rather than by way of limitation, PDLC electrochromic display device (ECD) or SmA Display can be manufactured with two glass or plastic sheet, wherein PDLC, electrochromism or SmA material be respectively, sandwiched in this two Between a sheet material.In a particular embodiment, roll-to-roll (roll-to-roll) processing technique can be used to make on plastic base Make PDLC, electrochromism or SmA display.In a particular embodiment, display production may include carrying out figure to substrate Case is to include passive or active matrix.As example rather than by way of limitation, substrate can be carried out with passive matrix Patterning, which includes the conduction region or conductor wire that other edge is extended to from an edge of display.As another One example rather than by way of limitation, substrate can be patterned and applied and is brilliant for one group of active matrix coated with generating Body pipe.First substrate may include the group transistor, which can be configured as two traces (for example, keeping mark Line and sweep trace) it is coupled together, and the second substrate being located on the side opposite with first substrate of display can wrap Include one group of conductor wire.In a particular embodiment, conductor wire or trace extend to one end of substrate, and can be (for example, logical Tension press-fit or zebra stripes connector pad) it is couple to one or more control panels.In a particular embodiment, can pass through The conductor wire of the connection of pixel electrode patterns bottom substrate using formation to manufacture electric dispersion display or electricity profit Wet display.In a particular embodiment, can be used ultrasonic wave, chemistry or hot attachment technology (for example, ultrasonic wave, chemistry, heat or It is spot welded) plastic grid is attached to bottom substrate.In a particular embodiment, can use conductive material (for example, metal or ITO electrode) is patterned to form to plastic grid or bottom substrate.In a particular embodiment, working fluid pair can be used Cell (cell), which is filled, (to be transferred it is, for example, possible to use dipping, inkjet deposited or silk-screen printing or rotogravure to fill Cell).As example rather than by way of limitation, for electric dispersion display, working fluid may include being suspended in Opaque charged particle in prescribed liquid (for example, water).It is aobvious for electrowetting as another example rather than by way of limitation Show that device, working fluid may include the combination of oil and water.In a particular embodiment, head substrate can be attached to plastic wire Lattice, and head substrate can be sealed cell.In a particular embodiment, head substrate may include transparent electrode. Although the disclosure describes the particular technology for manufacturing particular display, the disclosure covers for manufacturing any suitable display Any suitable technology of device.
Figure 32 shows example computer system 3200.In a particular embodiment, one or more computer systems 3200 Execute the one or more steps of one or more methods described or illustrated herein.In a particular embodiment, one or more A computer system 3200 provides function described or illustrated herein.In a particular embodiment, in one or more computers The software run in system 3200 executes the one or more steps of one or more methods described or illustrated herein, or Function described or illustrated herein is provided.Specific embodiment includes the one or more of one or more computer systems 3200 Part.Herein, in appropriate circumstances, calculating equipment may include to referring to for computer system, vice versa.This Outside, in appropriate circumstances, one or more computer systems may include to referring to for computer system.
The disclosure covers any appropriate number of computer system 3200.The disclosure covers using any suitable physics shape The computer system 3200 of formula.As example rather than by way of limitation, computer system 3200 may is that embedding assembly Machine system, system on chip (SOC), one board computer system (SBC) are (for example, system in computer (COM) or module in module (SOM)), desk side computer system, on knee or notebook computer system, interactive information pavilion, mainframe, computer system Net, mobile phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), server, tablet computer systems or two or more in these Combination.In appropriate circumstances, computer system 3200 may include one or more computer systems 3200；Be it is single or It is distributed；Across multiple positions；Across more machines；Across multiple data centers；Or reside in cloud, which can wrap Include one or more cloud components in one or more networks.In appropriate circumstances, one or more computer systems 3200 One or more methods described or illustrated herein can be executed in the case where not having tangible space or time restriction One or more steps.As example rather than by way of limitation, one or more computer systems 3200 can be in real time Or the one or more steps of one or more methods described or illustrated herein is executed with batch mode.Appropriate In the case of, one or more computer systems 3200 can execute described herein or be shown in different time or at different locations The one or more steps of one or more methods out.
In a particular embodiment, computer system 3200 include processor 3202, memory 3204, storage device 3206, Input/output (I/O) interface 3208, communication interface 3210 and bus 3212.Although the disclosure is described and illustrated in specific The particular computer system with certain amount of specific components of arrangement, but the disclosure covers in any suitably-arranged Any suitable computer system with any appropriate number of any appropriate component.
In a particular embodiment, processor 3202 includes for executing instruction (for example, the instruction for constituting computer program) Hardware.As example rather than by way of limitation, in order to execute instruction, processor 3202 can be from internal register, interior Portion's cache, memory 3204 or the retrieval of storage device 3206 (or acquisition) instruction；It decodes and executes them；And then will One or more result write-in internal registers, internally cached, memory 3204 or storage device 3206.In particular implementation In example, processor 3202 may include for the one or more internally cached of data, instruction or address.In feelings appropriate Under condition, the disclosure covers including any appropriate number of any suitable internally cached processor 3202.As example Rather than by way of limitation, processor 3202 may include one or more instruction caches, one or more data height Speed caching and one or more conversion lookup buffers (TLB).Instruction in instruction cache can be memory 3204 Or the copy of the instruction in storage device 3206, and the inspection that instruction cache can instruct those with OverDrive Processor ODP 3202 Rope.Data in data high-speed caching can be the copy of memory 3204 or the data in storage device 3206, wherein locating The instruction executed at reason device 3202 operates the data；At processor 3202 execute prior instructions as a result, its Described in result accessed by the subsequent instructions executed in processor 3202 or for be written memory 3204 or storage dress Set 3206；Or other suitable data.Data high-speed caching can be with the read or write of OverDrive Processor ODP 3202.TLB can add The virtual address of fast processor 3202 is converted.In a particular embodiment, processor 3202 may include for data, instruction or ground One or more internal registers of location.In appropriate circumstances, the disclosure covers including any appropriate number of any suitable Internal register processor 3202.In appropriate circumstances, processor 3202 may include one or more arithmetical logics Unit (ALU)；It is multi-core processor；Or including one or more processors 3202.Although the disclosure is described and illustrated specific Processor, but the disclosure covers any suitable processor.
In a particular embodiment, memory 3204 includes main memory, for storing the instruction executed for processor 3202 Or the data for the operation of processor 3202.As example rather than by way of limitation, computer system 3200 can will be instructed Memory 3204 is loaded into from storage device 3206 or another source (for example, another computer system 3200).Then, processor Instruction from memory 3204 can be loaded into internal register or internally cached by 3202.In order to execute instruction, processor 3202 from internal register or internally cached search instruction and can be decoded instruction.During execute instruction or it Afterwards, internal register or interior can be written in one or more results (can be intermediate result or final result) by processor 3202 Portion's cache.Then, processor 3202 can be by one or more write-in memories 3204 in those results.In specific reality Apply in example, processor 3202 only execute one or more internal registers or it is internally cached in or memory 3204 (with deposit Storage device 3206 or elsewhere with respect to) in instruction, and only to one or more internal registers or internally cached In or memory 3204 (with storage device 3206 or elsewhere with respect to) in data operated.One or more memories Processor 3202 can be couple to memory 3204 by bus (each may include address bus and data/address bus).Bus 3212 It may include one or more memory bus, as described below.In a particular embodiment, one or more memory management unit (MMU) it resides between processor 3202 and memory 3204, and the requested memory of easily accessible processor 3202 3204.In a particular embodiment, memory 3204 includes random access memory (RAM).In appropriate circumstances, which can To be volatile memory, and in appropriate circumstances, which can be dynamic ram (DRAM) or static state RAM (SRAM). In addition, in appropriate circumstances, which can be the RAM of single port or multiport.The disclosure covers any suitable RAM.? In situation appropriate, memory 3204 may include one or more memories 3204.Although the disclosure is described and illustrated spy Determine memory, but the disclosure covers any suitable memory.
In a particular embodiment, storage device 3206 includes the mass storage device for data or instruction.As showing Example rather than by way of limitation, storage device 3206 may include: hard disk drive (HDD), floppy disk drive, flash storage Device, CD, magneto-optic disk, tape or universal serial bus (USB) driver or two or more combinations in these.? In situation appropriate, storage device 3206 may include the medium of removable or non-removable (or fixed).In appropriate situation Under, storage device 3206 can be inside or outside computer system 3200.In a particular embodiment, storage device 3206 is Non-volatile solid-state memory.In a particular embodiment, storage device 3206 includes read-only memory (ROM).Appropriate In the case of, which may is that masked edit program ROM, programming ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electric erasable PROM (EEPROM), electricity variable ROM (EAROM) or flash memory or two or more combinations in these.The disclosure is contained Lid uses the mass storage device 3206 of any suitable physical form.In appropriate circumstances, storage device 3206 can be with Including one or more storage control units convenient for the communication between processor 3202 and storage device 3206.In feelings appropriate Under condition, storage device 3206 may include one or more storage devices 3206.Although the disclosure is described and illustrated specifically Storage device, but the disclosure covers any suitable storage device.
In a particular embodiment, I/O interface 3208 includes providing to set for computer system 3200 and one or more I/O The hardware of one or more interfaces of communication between standby, software or both.In appropriate circumstances, computer system 3200 can To include one or more of these I/O equipment.People and department of computer science may be implemented in one or more of these I/O equipment Communication between system 3200.As example rather than by way of limitation, I/O equipment may include: keyboard, keypad, microphone, Monitor, printer, scanner, loudspeaker, still camera, stylus, tablet computer, touch screen, trace ball, is taken the photograph mouse Camera, another suitable I/O equipment or two or more combinations in these.I/O equipment may include one or more A sensor.The disclosure covers any suitable I/O equipment and any suitable I/O interface 3208 for them.Appropriate In the case where, I/O interface 3208 may include that processor 3202 is enabled to drive one or more of these I/O equipment One or more equipment or software driver.In appropriate circumstances, I/O interface 3208 may include that one or more I/O connect Mouth 3208.Although the disclosure is described and illustrated specific I/O interface, the disclosure covers any suitable I/O interface.
In a particular embodiment, communication interface 3210 include provide for computer system 3200 and it is one or more other One or more interfaces of communication (for example, packet-based communication) between computer system 3200 or one or more networks Hardware, software or both.As example rather than by way of limitation, communication interface 3210 may include: to be used for and ether Net or other network interface controllers communicated based on wired network (NIC) or network adapter, or for it is wireless The wireless NIC (WNIC) or wireless adapter that network (for example, WI-FI network) is communicated.The disclosure covers any suitable Network and any suitable communication interface 3210 for the network.As example rather than by way of limitation, department of computer science System 3200 can be communicated with lower network: ad hoc network, personal area network (PAN), local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), Two or more groups in the one or more part of Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) (MAN), body area network (BAN) or internet or these networks It closes.One or more parts of one or more networks in these networks can be wired or wireless.As an example, meter Calculation machine system 3200 can be communicated with lower network: wireless PAN (WPAN) (for example, bluetooth WPAN), WI-FI network, WI- MAX network, cellular phone network (for example, global system for mobile communications (GSM) network) or other suitable wireless networks or this Two or more combinations in a little networks.In appropriate circumstances, computer system 3200 may include for these nets Any suitable communication interface 3210 of any network in network.In appropriate circumstances, communication interface 3210 may include one A or multiple communication interfaces 3210.Although the disclosure is described and illustrated specific communication interface, the disclosure covers any Suitable communication interface.
In a particular embodiment, bus 3212 includes the hardware that the component of computer system 3200 is coupled to each other, software Or both.As example rather than by way of limitation, bus 3212 may include: accelerated graphics port (AGP) or other figures Shape bus, enhanced industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, front side bus (FSB), super transmission (HT) interconnection, industry standard architecture (ISA) bus, infinite bandwidth (INFINIBAND) interconnection, low pin count (LPC) bus, memory bus, Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, peripheral component interconnection (PCI) bus, PCI-Express (PCIe) bus, Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) Local (VLB) bus of bus, Video Electronics Standards Association or other suitable buses or two or more in these Combination.In appropriate circumstances, bus 3212 may include one or more bus 3212.Although the disclosure is described and illustrated Specific bus, but the disclosure covers any suitable bus or interconnection.
Figure 33 and Figure 34 all illustrates the exemplary sectional view of example display.The specific embodiment shown in Figure 33 In, display includes the first glassy layer, the first ITO layer, the first dielectric layer, LC material (for example, LC SmA), the second dielectric Layer, the second ITO layer and the second glassy layer.In the specific embodiment shown in Figure 34, display includes the first glassy layer, first ITO layer, LC material (for example, LC SmA), the second ITO layer and the second glassy layer.The display of Figure 34 does not include dielectric layer.
Figure 35 A- Figure 35 D all illustrates example liquid crystal.Specifically, Figure 35 shows nematic, SmA, SmC and cholesteric LC Alignment.In operation, alignment can be adjusted by applying electric field.Figure 35 A shows the molecule in Nematic liquid crystalline phase.To In column type liquid crystalline phase, molecule does not have sequence of positions, but tends to be directed toward the same direction for being referred to as " localizer ".Figure 35 B is shown The SmA interphase of liquid crystal.In Figure 32 B, localizer is perpendicular to smectic plane, and without specific sequence of positions in layer. SmA interphase is bistable.Transparence is presented in liquid crystal layer in SmA interphase.SmB interphase passes through perpendicular to smectic plane Localizer orient, but molecule is arranged to hexagonal network in layer.Figure 32 C shows SmC interphase, wherein molecule It is arranged as in SmA interphase, but localizer is in the constant inclination angle for being orthogonal to smectic plane survey.Figure 32 D shows Cholesteric (or chiral nematic) liquid crystalline phase is gone out.Cholesteryl liquid crystal is mutually usually by the nematic mesomorphic molecule containing chiral center Composition, the chiral center generate molecular separating force, which is conducive to the alignment between molecule each other in minute angle.Cholesteric Type Formation of liquid crystals with can be visualized as very thin 2-D corresponding to the structure of the stacking of column-shaped layer, wherein in every layer Localizer of the localizer relative to above and below is twisted.In this configuration, localizer is formed with continuous spiral pattern.
Figure 36 A- Figure 36 B respectively illustrates the example SmA liquid crystal in scattering state and pellucidity.Figure 36 A- Figure 36 B Show the bi-stable character of the SmA interphase of liquid crystal.In the SmA interphase of liquid crystal molecule, molecular self-assembling is at layer cloth It sets.In SmA interphase, liquid crystal molecule is along layer rather than crossing over layer has biggish ionic conductivity.When application low-frequency electrical When field, lead to ionic current mechanics effect along this biggish ionic conductivity of layer.Figure 36 A is shown to be taken with chaos To liquid crystal molecule SmA interphase, light is scattered so that opaque shape is presented.For example, as in conjunction with described by Figure 36 A White is presented in the layer of realization.The frequency for increasing the electric field for being applied to liquid crystal molecule inhibits ion motion, passes through liquid crystal molecule Dielectric is redirected to be aligned with field, to generate permeability status.Figure 36 B shows the liquid redirected to realize permeability status The SmA interphase of brilliant molecule.Due to the high viscosity of SmA interphase, the SmA interphase of liquid crystal molecule is bistable.
In one or more embodiments, the liquid crystal molecule (liquid crystal) of Figure 36 is not colored.Therefore, when being controlled as being in When opaque state, white is presented in pixel.For example, liquid crystal is scattered light.In one or more embodiments, add to liquid crystal Add dyestuff.Dyestuff is coloured.Dyestuff helps to carry out absorbing and being also scattered non-absorbing light to light.Dyestuff shows Example color includes but is not limited to: black, white, silver color (for example, TiO2), red, green, blue, cyan, magenta and Huang Color.By adding dyestuff and by pixel control to liquid crystal in opaque state, pixel shows used dyestuff Color.
In one or more embodiments, the liquid crystal display including smectic C liquid crystal can include not containing dyestuff One or more pixels.In one or more embodiments, liquid crystal display including smectic C liquid crystal can include one or Multiple pixels, wherein each pixel includes dyestuff.In one or more embodiments, the liquid crystal including smectic C liquid crystal Show that device can include multiple pixels, wherein only some pixels (for example, subset of the pixel of display) include dyestuff.In addition, In specific embodiment, different dyestuffs can be used for different pixels.E.g., including the liquid crystal display of smectic C liquid crystal There can be one or more pixels including the first dye colour, one or more pictures including the second different dye colours Element etc..Liquid crystal display including smectic C liquid crystal may include the pixel of two or more different dyeing.E.g., including smectic A The liquid crystal display of phase liquid crystal can include one or more dye the pixels of black, the pixel of one or more white colouring, One or more dyes the pixel, one or more pixels for dying red, one or more pixels for dying green, one of silver color A or multiple pixels for dying blue, one or more pixels for dying cyan, one or more pixels for dying magenta, one The pixel of a or multiple stained yellows or any combination of aforementioned item.
Figure 37 A- Figure 37 D all illustrates Exemplary projection system 3700.With reference to Figure 35 A, optical projection system 3700 includes that projection is set Standby 3702 and projector 3704.In general, projector 3704 can on projection device 3702 projected image.Projector 3704 can Large-scale image (for example, video, animation, photo, lantern slide or other information) is projected on projection device 3702.As saying Bright property and non-limiting example, projection device 3702 may include about 180 inches or more diagonally measured Projection layer.Optical projection system 3700 is able to solve (for example, improvement) visibility problem related with environment light, a large amount of without consuming Electric power and/or heat.In addition, optical projection system 3700 can display color black, and other traditional optical projection systems cannot be shown Show colors black.For example, traditional optical projection system attempts for colors black to be shown as the static state of projector projected image on it The default color on surface.
In a particular embodiment, projection device 3702 can coordinate the operation of the image projected with projector 3704.Showing In example, the projection layer of projection device 3702 is electronic controllable and pixel is addressable white and substantially saturating to be presented on Bright or black and it is substantial transparent between white, black, substantial transparent and/or intergrade.In the disclosure, it is configured as Present black and it is substantial transparent or it is white with it is substantial transparent between intergrade pixel be referred to as " gray scale ".By with come Mutually control the appearance of the display layer of projection device 3702 in phase from the projection of the image (for example, frame) of projector 3704, it can be with The black region of image is projected in being configured as on light absorbing region of projection layer；The white area of image can be projected On the region for being configured as that light is scattered or is diffused of projection layer；The dark areas of image can be projected in projection layer Be configured as present black or dead color region on；And/or the brighter areas of image can be projected in being matched for projection layer It is set on the region that brighter (for example, whiter or gray scale) is presented.
In one or more embodiments, projection device 3702 can be with the projector of projected image (or multiple images) 3704 phases show image (or multiple images) in phase (for example, simultaneously) with black and white and/or gray scale.For example, projection device 3702 can time-synchronously show content identical with the content that projector 3704 projects on projection layer, so that image is folded Add.In one or more other embodiments, projection device 3702 can show color image.
Refer to 3702 energy of projection device with the phrase " mutually coordinating " of the operation of projector 3704 applied to projection device 3702 It is enough to be interacted with projector 3704 to be simultaneously operated and depend, at least partially, on projecting according to the operation of projection device 3702 The mode for the operation that the operation of instrument 3704 and/or the operation of projector 3704 depend, at least partially, on projection device 3702 come into Any one of the various modes of row operation.In a particular embodiment, phrase " mutually coordinate " means to be substantially synchronized or together Step.In one or more embodiments, phrase " mutually coordinating " means substantial registration or alignment.In a particular embodiment, short Language " mutually coordinate " means to be substantially synchronized and substantial registration or synchronization and alignment.
For example, synchronize the timing of the image of the image and/or projection that can refer to display so that with projection device 3702 Image shows the mode of substantially time synchronization to project the image projected by projector 3704.For example, projection device 3702 can To start and stop the display image starting and stop projection given image substantially the same time with projector 3704. Alignment can refer to that the image projected by projector 3704 is substantially superimposed with the image shown by projection device 3702, for example, making Obtain the projection of image and the image substantial registration shown by projection device 3702.
In the example of Figure 37 A, projection device 3702 includes one or more sensors 3706.In a particular embodiment, Projection device 3702 include be located therein including projection layer edge sensor 3706.In some embodiments, it projects The projection layer for including in equipment 3702 includes one or more sensors 3706, which is located at projection Layer centre and/or be distributed on entire projection layer (for example, display of projection layer).Sensor 3706 can be included in throwing In shadow equipment 3702 or any suitable position in projection device 3702.For example, can be by one or more sensors 3706 are mounted in the shell of projection device 3702 or on shell.
In one or more embodiments, one or more of sensor 3706 is configured as detection light, e.g. light Detection sensor.The example of light detecting sensors includes but is not limited to photodiode and phototransistor.In specific embodiment In, one or more of sensor 3706 or the one or more other types for being all implemented as detection user Sensor.For example, one or more of sensor 3706 is able to detect, being physically present of user, user sets relative to projection One or more of standby 3702 degree of approach and/or distance (for example, the distance between user and projection device 3702) and/or user A attribute.The example of the attribute of user can include but is not limited to: the physical characteristic of the identity of user, such as height etc is used Whether family wears glasses or the age.For example, one or more of sensor 3706 or whole may be implemented as camera.At other In embodiment, sensor 3706 may include be configured as detection light (for example, luminous intensity and/or color) sensor (for example, Photodiode and/or phototransistor) and/or be able to detect user and/or user property as described herein it is any its The combination of the sensor of his type.
In specific arrangements, projector 3704 is implemented as LCD projector.In other embodiments, 3704 quilt of projector It is embodied as digital light projection (DLP) projector.In other embodiments, projector 3704 is implemented as laser-projector.It can be with Projector 3704 is realized using any suitable technology.Therefore, provided particular example is not intended as described herein Embodiment limitation.Projector 3704 may include the add-on assemble (for example, camera) that will be described in more detail herein, with Help the image synchronization for showing vision and projection device 3702.
In the example of Figure 37 A, computing system 3708 is couple to demultiplexer 3710.Computing system 3708 can be as Any one of various different data processing systems as described herein, including but not limited to: laptop computer, desk-top calculating Machine or tablet computer.The exemplary architecture of computing system 3708 is described in conjunction with Figure 32.On the one hand, computing system 3708 via Wireless connection is couple to demultiplexer 3710.On the other hand, computing system 3708 is couple to signal point by wired connection From device 3710.For example, the connection between computing system 3708 and demultiplexer 3710 may is that high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI), Video Graphics Array (VGA), display port or digital visual interface (DVI) wired connection.
Demultiplexer 3710 can receive vision signal from computing system 3708.Vision signal based on the received, signal The second letter that separator 3710 can generate the first signal for being provided to projector 3704 and be provided to projection device 3702 Number.Can be transmitted by wired or wireless connection (for example, being wirelessly connected by router or via direct) the first signal with Second signal.In response to from received first signal of demultiplexer 3710, projector 3704 can be in projection device 3702 One or more images are projected on projection layer.In response to from the received second signal of demultiplexer 3710, projection device 3702 Black and white, gray scale and/or color image can be mutually shown in phase with the image projected from projector 3704.One or more real Apply in example, the first signal and the second signal be it is identical so that 3704 projection of color images of projector, and projection device 3702 is raw It at the identical image of the image projected with projector 3704, but is generated with black and white, gray scale or colour, so that two images exist Substantially superposition (and alignment) on the projection layer of projection device 3702.In a particular embodiment, demultiplexer 3710 can be defeated Second signal is as black and white or grayscale video signal out.
In one or more embodiments, demultiplexer 3710 can make the first signal and second signal synchronized with each other. For example, each of projector 3704 and projection device 3702 all have the delay with the time for receiving vision signal, and With showing image or projected image in the case where in projector 3704 in projection device 3702 after receiving vision signal Time delay.For example, the operation for such as decoding, handling, applying color and/or coverage etc is needed to facilitate and each accordingly be set The time of standby delay.The delay of projector 3704 can be identical or different with the delay of projection device 3702.In particular implementation In example, demultiplexer 3710 can make signal synchronous so that image that projection device 3702 and projector 3704 project and/or Frame mutually shows image and/or frame in phase (for example, essentially simultaneously).For example, demultiplexer 3710 considers projection device 3702 delay and the delay of projector 3704, and postpone corresponding signal as needed to realize the simultaneously operating of coordination.
Embodiment shown in Figure 37 A is provided for illustrative and not limiting purpose.In specific arrangements, Signal separator Device 3710 is included in projector 3704.It that case, computing system 3708 is couple to projector 3704.Projector 3704 are couple to projection device 3702 via wired or wireless connection.Demultiplexer 3704 in projector 3704 to from 3708 received signal of computing system is separated, and the first signal is supplied to the internal component of projector 3704, by second Signal is supplied to projection device 3702, as described herein.The second signal for being provided to projection device 3702 can be by having Line is wirelessly connected transmission.
In specific arrangements, demultiplexer 3710 is included in projection device 3702.It that case, calculating system System 3708 is couple to projection device 3702.Projection device 3702 is couple to projector 3704.Letter in projection device 3702 Number separator 3710 is separated to from 3708 received signal of computing system, and the first signal is supplied to projector 3704, Second signal is supplied to the internal component of projection device 3702.First signal can be wired or wireless.
Figure 37 B shows the example that computing system 3708 is couple to projector 3704.Projector 3704 can be set to projection Standby 3702 provide vision signal.As discussed, between computing system 3708 and projector 3704 and projector 3704 and throw Connection between shadow equipment 3702 can be the combination of wired connection, wireless connection or wired connection and wireless connection.
Figure 37 C shows the example that computing system 3708 is couple to projection device 3702.Projection device 3702 can be to throwing Shadow instrument 3704 provides vision signal.As discussed, between computing system 3708 and projection device 3702 and projection device Connection between 3702 and projector 3702 can be the combination of wired connection, wireless connection or wired connection and wireless connection.
In one or more embodiments, the connection between projection device 3702 and projector 3704 can support control to believe The exchange of breath.In addition to the video signal, control information can also be sent to another equipment from an equipment.Therefore, specific In embodiment, projection device 3702 can be used as Master device operation, and projector 3704 is as the control in projection device 3702 Under slave equipment operation.In a particular embodiment, projector 3704 can be used as Master device operation, and 3702 conduct of projection device Slave equipment operation under the control of projection device 3702.
In general, main equipment can control the operation from equipment.The exemplary operations packet for the slave equipment that can be controlled by main equipment Include but be not limited to: calibration, color compensating, image places (for example, move up, move down, move to left, move to right), image size adjusts, again Positioning or the text in mobile image and/or the size for readjusting the text in image.In one or more embodiments, main Equipment can control the synchronization of signal, as previously with reference to described in demultiplexer 3710.For example, main equipment is from department of computer science System 3708 receives video data, executes any necessary processing, and provide vision signal and order data to from equipment.This In embodiment, for example, computer system 3708 or video source can only be led to main equipment as shown in Figure 37 B and Figure 37 C Letter.For example, computer system 3708 does not know the presence from equipment, because main equipment handles the communication and control from equipment.Example Such as, from the perspective of calculating equipment 3708, calculating equipment 3708, which behaves like, is connected to projector.
In a particular embodiment, it main equipment and can be operating independently from equipment.For example, with reference to Figure 37 A, projection device Each of 3702 and projector 3704 can receive vision signal.But for the purpose of coordination (for example, synchronous), One in projection device 3702 or projector 3704 can be used as Master device operation, and another is used as from equipment operation.Example Such as, in Figure 37 A, projection device 3702 still can be communicated with projector 3704 by wired or wireless connection to exchange Order data, so that it includes synchronizing and/or being aligned in interior operation that the equipment for allowing to be designated as main equipment, which is controlled from equipment,.
Figure 37 D shows the Exemplary projection system 3700 including multiple projection devices 3702.For purposes of illustration, it shows Four projection devices 3702.It should be appreciated, however, that can actually include any amount of projection device 3702.In Figure 37 D Example in, projector 3704 can project the image across multiple projection devices 3702.In the example shown, each difference Projection device 3702 pixel wherein included can be controlled as the image synchronization that be projected with projector 3704 so that each throwing Shadow equipment 3702 and a part of the image projected by projector 3704 mutually operate in phase.
For example, projection device 3702-1 can it is synchronous with the upper left a quarter of image projected by projector 3704 and/ Or alignment.For example, projection device 3702-1 can show the upper left a quarter of the identical image projected by projector 3704.It throws Shadow equipment 3702-2 can be synchronous with the upper right a quarter of the image projected by projector 3704 and/or be aligned.For example, projection Equipment 3702-2 can show the upper right a quarter of the identical image projected by projector 3704.Projection device 3702-3 can It is synchronous with the lower-left a quarter of the image that is projected by projector 3704 and/or be aligned.For example, projection device 3702-3 can be shown Show the lower-left a quarter of the identical image projected by projector 3704.Projection device 3702-4 can be thrown with by projector 3704 The bottom right a quarter of the image of shadow is synchronous and/or is aligned.It is thrown for example, projection device 3702-4 can be shown by projector 3704 The bottom right a quarter of the identical image of shadow.
It should be appreciated that the specific part for being projected the image that instrument 3704 projects shown by projection device 3702 is by being used The quantity of projection device and the arrangement of these equipment determine.For example, in the case where two projection devices are used only, each Projection device can show the approximately half of of projected image.
Figure 38 shows the exemplary architecture of the projector 3704 of Figure 37.In the example of Figure 38, projector 3704 includes electricity Power circuit 3802, optical projection system (OPS) 3804, infrared (IR) remote receiver (Rx) 3806, wireless device 3808, cooling System 3810, processor 3812, optional camera (for example, sensor) 3814, memory 3818 and user interface 3820.Electric power Circuit 3802 can provide electric power to the various assemblies of projector 3704.For example, power circuit 3802 can make to obtain from electrical socket The electrical power obtained adapts to the specific voltage and current requirements of the component of projector 3704.OPS 3804 can be thrown from projector 3704 Shadow image.In one example, OPS 3804 may include polarizer, LCD panel, analyzer and one or more lens.It can OPS 3804 is realized to use any one of various optical projection technologies including DLP and laser.IR remotely connects IR order can be received from remote control equipment and be converted into order to be provided to the electric signal of processor 3812 by receiving device 3806.Including Wireless device 3808 with projection device 3702, demultiplexer 3710 and/or calculating equipment 3708 to be communicated.Wireless device 3808 can be in conjunction with any one of Figure 32 various wireless devices being generally described.In a particular embodiment, projector 3704 include the communication port (not shown) for supporting wire communication.The example of communication port includes but is not limited to: the port HDMI, VGA port, display port and the port DVI.Other examples of communication port include but is not limited to: universal serial bus (USB) end Mouth and ethernet port.
Cooling system 3810 may be implemented as fan or for adjust the temperature in projector 3704 other are suitable System.Processor 3812 be capable of handling from the received image data in source so as to use OPS 3804 projected and/or handled from The image data that camera 3814 obtains.Processor 3812 can control the operation of OPS 3804.In a particular embodiment, processor 3812 are able to carry out the instruction being stored in memory 3818.Optionally include camera 3814.Camera 3814 is positioned at behaviour Capture shows the image data of equipment 3702, projects to the figure on the projection layer for showing equipment 3702 from projector 3704 during work As or both.For example, camera 3814 has orientation identical with OPS 3804, so as in the picture number generated by camera 3814 It captures according to middle from the projected image on the projection layer that projector 3704 is projected in projection device 3702.In one or more embodiments In, processor 3812 can control OPS 3804 and adjust projected image based on by 3814 captured image data of camera.For example, Processor 3812 is capable of handling image data to detect projected image therein, and adjusts perspective view by control OPS 3804 Picture.For example, processor 3812 can determine the image projected by projector 3704 based on the image data obtained from camera 3814 Whether it is aligned with the image shown by projection device 3702.
For example, processor 3812 can in response to detect projected image extend beyond projection device 3702 projection layer and Reduce projected image size, can in response to detect projected image do not utilize projection device 3702 entire projection layer and Increase the size of projected image, and/or color, brightness, focus can be adjusted based on by 3814 captured image data of camera And/or other suitable parameters.User interface 3820 may include one for operating the various functions of projector 3704 or Multiple controls, button, display, touch interface and/or switch.
In one or more embodiments, processor 3812 be able to carry out be stored in it is in memory 3818, make projector 3704 are operated as main equipment as described herein to control the program code of the operation of projection device 3702.At one or In multiple embodiments, processor 3812 be able to carry out be stored in it is in memory 3818, make projector 3704 as such as this paper institute The program code that the slave equipment stated is operated.
In a particular embodiment, projector 3704 may be implemented as " ready-made " projector of standard.In this case, The vision signal being projected can be provided to projector 3704.Projected image is synchronous with projection device 3702 can be by such as throwing The distinct device of shadow equipment 3702 and/or computer system 3708 etc is handled.
Figure 39 shows the exemplary architecture of the projection device 3702 of Figure 37.In the example of Figure 39, projection device 3702 is wrapped Include power circuit 3902, projection layer 3904, IR remote receiver (Rx) 3906, wireless device 3908, display controller 3910, Processor 3912, memory 3914 and user interface 3916.Power circuit 3902 can be to the various assemblies of projection device 3702 Electric power is provided.For example, power circuit 3902 can make the component of the electrical power obtained from electrical socket adaptation projection device 3702 Specific voltage and current requirements.In another example, power circuit 3902 includes battery and can make the electric work from battery Rate adapts to the specific voltage and current requirements of the component of projection device 3702.IR remote receiver (Rx) 3906 can be set from remote control It is standby to receive IR order, and order is converted into be provided to the electric signal of processor 3912.Including wireless device 3908 with throwing Shadow instrument 3704, demultiplexer 3710 and/or calculating equipment 3708 are communicated.In a particular embodiment, projection device 3702 Communication port (not shown) including supporting wire communication.The example of communication port includes but is not limited to: the port HDMI, the end VGA Mouth, display port and the port DVI.Other examples of communication port include but is not limited to: USB port and ethernet port.
Processor 3912 is capable of handling from such as demultiplexer 3710, computer system 3708 and/or projector 3704 Etc the received image data in source, and the operation of display controller 3910 can be controlled.In a particular embodiment, it handles Device 3912 is able to carry out the instruction being stored in memory 3914.In one or more embodiments, processor 3912 can be held Row be stored in it is in memory 3914, make projection device 3702 as main equipment as described herein operated with control projection The program code of the operation of instrument 3704.In one or more embodiments, processor 3912, which is able to carry out, is stored in memory It is in 3914, make projection device 3702 as the program code operated as described herein from equipment.
Display controller 3910 is couple to projection layer 3904, and can based on from the received instruction of processor 3912 come Control the operation of projection layer 3904.For example, display controller 3910 may include for realizing one of projection layer 3904 or The control of multiple layers (for example, each display) and/or drive circuit.User interface 3916 may include for operating projection One or more controls, button, display, touch interface and/or the switch of the various functions of equipment 3702.For the mesh of explanation , sensor 3706 is not shown in Figure 39.However, as noted, one or more of any category combinations described herein A sensor can be incorporated in projection device 3702 and/or in projection layer 3704.
In a particular embodiment, projection layer 3904 is embodied as single layer.The single layer may be implemented as display.It is aobvious Show that device is electronic controllable, and including pixel or particle (capsule).It is addressable that projection layer 3904 can be pixel.? In example, projection layer 3904 can show black, white and gray-scale pixels.In another example, pixel or particle include one kind The particle of the above different colours.In a particular embodiment, display is transparent.In a particular embodiment, display is not Bright (for example, nontransparent).For example, display can be the display of " electric ink " type.Projection layer 3904 can be shown Show the image synchronous with projector 3704.For example, the projection of projector 3704 is superimposed with the identical image shown by projection layer 3904 Color image.
Figure 40 shows the exemplary exploded view of projection layer 3904.In the example of Figure 40, projection layer 3904 includes multiple Layer.As shown, projection layer 3904 includes layer 4002 and layer 4004.
In a particular embodiment, layer 4002 is to provide the interior layer of black background.For example, layer 4002 may be implemented as be in Existing black or the display on ater (for example, static) surface.Layer 4004 is exterior layer, is implemented as with individually addressable Pixel display.In one or more embodiments, layer 4004 is implemented as transparent display.For example, being based on from display Device controller 3910 is supplied to the electronic control signal of pixel, can control the pixel of layer 4004 as transparence or carry out to light scattered It penetrates.For example, the pixel of layer 4004 can individually be controlled for transparence so as to allow black background by pixel as it can be seen that control be pair Light is scattered that white is presented and prevents black background as it can be seen that or control is by being configured as between transparence and scattering Any intergrade be presented translucent or gray scale.The transparent display of exemplary types includes but is not limited to: LCD including smectic A LCD, light-emitting diode display, light enhancement layer or the OLED display of phase liquid crystal.
It therefore, is transparent region for the pixel of layer 4004, black is presented in projection layer 3904.For the pixel of layer 4004 To the region that light is scattered, white is presented in projection layer 3904.For layer 4004 pixel be in it is transparent with scatter between in Gray scale is presented in the region of intercaste (for example, translucent), projection layer 3904.Projection layer 3904 display with from projector 3704 project Identical image synchronous black white image and/or gray level image, so that the projected image from projector 3704 and projection layer 3904 The image superposition of upper display.
In a particular embodiment, layer 4002 is to provide the interior layer of white background.For example, layer 4002 may be implemented as be in The display on existing white or pure white (for example, static) surface.Layer 4004 is exterior layer, is implemented as with individually addressable Pixel display.In one or more embodiments, layer 4004 is implemented as transparent display.For example, can be by layer 4004 Pixel control be transparence, black (for example, using the particle for being dyed to black being scattered to light) or transparence and dissipate Any intergrade between penetrating.For example, the pixel of layer 4004 can individually be controlled to the white for allowing layer 4004 for transparence Background by pixel as it can be seen that control for light is scattered so as to black is presented and prevent layer 4004 white background as it can be seen that or Control is the translucent or gray scale of presentation.The transparent display of exemplary types includes but is not limited to: LCD, including smectic C liquid crystal LCD, light-emitting diode display, light enhancement layer or OLED display.
It therefore, is transparent region for the pixel of layer 4004, white is presented in projection layer 3904.For the pixel of layer 4004 To the region that light is scattered, black is presented in projection layer 3904.Transparence and scattering are arranged to for the pixel of layer 4004 Between intergrade (for example, translucent) region, projection layer 3904 present gray scale.The display of projection layer 3904 with from projector 3704 The identical image of projection synchronous black white image and/or gray level image, so that projected image and projection from projector 3704 The image shown on layer 3904 is substantially superimposed.
In a particular embodiment, projection layer 3904 includes interior layer and two or more exterior layers.Interior layer can be Black or white.In one or more embodiments, exterior layer is transparent.Each of exterior layer may be implemented as herein One of described different types of transparent display.One or more of exterior layer all can be by colors staining. For example, each exterior layer can have the pixel dyed with particular color, so that the different exterior layers in exterior layer are configured with The pixel of different colours.Therefore, in a particular embodiment, projection layer 3904 can synchronously show cromogram with projector 3702 Picture.
Any one of various display technologies as described herein can be used to realize projection layer 3904.For example, can By the layer for including in projection layer 3,904 4002, layer 4004 and/or other exterior layers are embodied as PDLC display, electrochromism is shown Show device, electric dispersion display, electric moistening display, suspended particulate equipment or is in its any phase (for example, nematic, TN, STN Or SmA) LCD.
The face of the pixel in the display of projection device 3702 is synchronously controlled by the image projection with projector 3704 The black region of image can be projected in being controlled as on light absorbing region for projection layer 3904 by color and/or transparency；It can The white area of image to be projected on the region for being controlled as that light is scattered or is diffused of projection layer 3904；It can incite somebody to action The dark areas of image is projected on the region for being controlled as that black or dead color (gray scale) is presented of projection layer 3904；And/or it can The brighter areas of image to be projected in the region for being controlled as presenting light color (for example, white or gray scale) of projection layer 3904 On.
In a particular embodiment, projection layer 3904 can show the black and white of the identical image projected by projector 3704, ash Degree or colored version.Projection layer 3904 can be with the image synchronization that is projected by projector 3702 (for example, in real time) and/or right Image (for example, frame) is shown quasi-ly, so that image is applied.In this way, projection layer 3904 can with by projector 3704 Show video and/or static image to the image synchronization of projection.
In a particular embodiment, processor 3912 can control display controller 3910 to control the property of projection layer 3904 Matter.For example, processor 3912 can control and adjust luminous intensity, color, contrast, brightness, gamma (gamma), saturation Degree, white balance, hue shift and/or other imaging parameters.Processor 3912 can adjust one or more of these properties Or all to match the particular color configuration file stored in memory 3914.For example, under the control of processor 3912, display Device controller 3910 adjusts the light quantity of one or more exterior layers across projection layer 3904 or is projected layer in specific time The light quantity of 3904 one or more exterior layers reflection is to manipulate luminous intensity.
In a particular embodiment, display controller 3910 can adjust projection layer 3904 under the control of processor 3912 Property, such as refresh rate, (for example, pixel and/or the transparency of particle) change rate or other dynamic characteristics.To property The adjustment of matter can synchronize to generate visual effect and/or synchronous with the projected image from projector 3904.Visual effect Example includes but is not limited to: stronger illumination and darker black in the environment of bright irradiation.
In one or more embodiments, sensor 3706 is able to detect the light projected from projector 3704.Sensor 3706 are able to detect the color of the intensity of the light projected from projector 3704 and/or light.In a particular embodiment, projection device 3702 can adjust and/or calibrate the projection layer of projection device 3702 based on and in response to the data from sensor 3706, With synchronous with projector 3704.For example, sensor 3706 is able to detect the edge of the projected image from projector 3704, comes from Specific light pattern or their combination in the projected image of projector 3704.The light pattern instruction that sensor 3706 detects exists The known position of the projection layer 3904 of projection device 3702 detects which part of image.Therefore, 3702 energy of projection device Enough sizes that the image shown on projection layer is reset based on the data obtained from optical sensor 3706 with from projector The image superpositions of 3704 projections, and/or based on the data obtained from sensor 3706 (for example, being detected by optical sensor 3706 The color and/or intensity of light) come adjust projection layer 3904 pixel appearance to present darker or brighter.In another example In, projection device 3702 can be rotated based on the data from sensor 3706 image with the figure that is projected by projector 3704 As alignment with it is synchronous.
As illustrative and non-limiting example, when the given image and projection device being projected on projection device 3702 When 3702 projection layer 3904 is aligned and synchronizes, which will have the expected luminous intensity and/or face detected by sensor 3706 The known pattern of color.Based on the luminous intensity and/or color detected by sensor 3706, processor 3912 can control projection layer 3904 pixel with the image being detected by sensor 3706, projector 3704 projects to be aligned and synchronize.For example, processor 3912 can determine the direction and distance that the region of the image or image that are shown by projection layer 3904 to be shifted, so as to by throwing Shadow instrument 3704 project image alignment with it is synchronous.Therefore, projection device 3702 can control pixel and carry out and change, for example, by showing Show the displacement for the image that layer is shown.
In a particular embodiment, as described herein, processor 3912 can generate order data, which is provided To projector 3704 to control its operation.For example, processor 3912 can be based on to the sensor number obtained from sensor 3706 According to analysis generate order data, to control the size that projector 3704 increases projected image, reduce the size of projected image And/or shift projected image.
In one or more embodiments, sensor 3706 is able to detect the degree of approach of the user relative to projection device 3702 And/or distance.For example, sensor 3706 is implemented as determining connecing for projection device 3702 and the distance between user Proximity sensor.In another example, sensor 3706 may be implemented as one or more cameras.It that case, passing Sensor 3706 can capture image data according to from the surface of projection device 3702 outward towards the angle of projector 3704.Example Such as, sensor 3706 can capture image data, which can be handled with device 3912 processed and for example projected with detecting There are the positions relative to projection device 3702 of one or more attributes, user of user, user in the preset distance of equipment 3702 It sets and other information.In a particular embodiment, processor 3912 can determine the attribute of user as described herein, and execution includes But be not limited to the operation of following operation: the mankind in (for example, in frame) identification image data execute face recognition to determine user The identity of (for example, mankind), gaze detection is (for example, the user of the detection based on the eyes of user and/or other facial characteristics sees The direction seen), and determine the distance between user and projection device 3702.
In a particular embodiment, processor 3912 can control projection layer based on the data obtained from sensor 3706 3904 pixel.As described above, data can specify being physically present of user, user relative to projection device 3702 position, One or more attributes of the distance between user and projection device 3702 and/or user.As illustrative and non-limiting show Example, processor 3912, which is able to respond, applies specific visual effect in detecting specified conditions in sensing data.For example, In response to determining that user wears glasses, processor 3912 can increase the font size of the text in image to be shown.Another In example, processor 3912 be able to respond in determine the age of user be higher than threshold age (for example, via image procossing and/or Face recognition and/or characteristic processing) Lai Zengjia font size.In another example, processor 3912 can be according to by based on use Visual effect is applied to image specified by the preference for the user that the identity at family determines.In a particular embodiment, it can respond Apply the effect in determining that user is located at least at the minimum range away from projection device 3702.It should be appreciated that about such as herein Any change that the display of image or the region of image in the projection device 3702 are made can be transmitted and/or synchronize To projector 3704, so that projector 3704 projects under the control of projection device 3702 (for example, as main equipment) with identical Or the image of similar manner modification.
In one or more embodiments, one or more of sensor 3706 can sense or detect the water of environment light The color of environment light around flat and/or projection device 3702.In this case, processor 3912 can be based on the number of detection According to adjusting the image shown by projection device 3702.For example, processor 3912 can compensate for the environment light for being confirmed as yellow.
The exemplary method 4100 that Figure 41 shows for realizing optical projection system.In one or more embodiments, method 4000 can be used to implement the optical projection system as described in herein in conjunction with Figure 37-Figure 40.
In frame 4102, projection layer is provided.Projection layer includes multiple pixels.Pixel can be electronic controllable, with throwing Image on shadow to projection layer mutually changes the appearance of at least one of multiple pixels in phase.Projection layer and project to projection layer On image synchronization and alignment ground display image.
In frame 4104, a part of one or more displays as projection layer is provided.In a particular embodiment, it projects Layer may include opaque display.In a particular embodiment, projection layer may include using as described herein different saturating Any technology in bright display technology is come one or more transparent displays for realizing.For example, one or more transparence displays Device can be LCD, the LDC including smectic C liquid crystal, light-emitting diode display, light enhancement layer or OLED display.
In some embodiments, non-emissive display includes at least one pixel including dyestuff in multiple pixels. In some embodiments, display includes at least the pixel for not including dyestuff and white is substantially presented in multiple pixels. In one or more embodiments, non-emissive display includes at least one pixel including dyestuff in multiple pixels.It is non- Emissive display may be implemented as PDLC display, electrochromic display device (ECD), electric dispersion display, polymer stabilizing type LCD, electric moistening display, cholesteric LCD or the LCD including smectic C liquid crystal.
In frame 4106, a part of one or more sensors as projection device is optionally provided.In particular implementation In example, sensor is able to detect light.Multiple pixels can be based at least partially on by sensor detection light and electronic controllable simultaneously With the image synchronization projected on projection layer.
In a particular embodiment, one or more of sensor be able to detect user and projection layer (or projection device) it Between distance.It can be based at least partially on by the distance of sensor detection and multiple pixels are electronically controlled.
In a particular embodiment, one or more of sensor is able to detect the use in the range of projection layer of offer One or more attributes at family.One or more attributes by the user of sensor detection can be based at least partially on come to more A pixel is electronically controlled.
In frame 4108, projector is optionally provided.Projector can project image on projection layer.
In frame 4110, camera is optionally provided.Camera can capture the image data for projecting to the image on projection layer. In a particular embodiment, projector is configured as adjusting the figure projected on projection layer based on the image data from camera Picture.
Figure 42 shows the example operating method 4200 of projection device.In frame 4202, projection device and projection is projected to Image on layer mutually controls the pixel of projection layer in phase.For example, control projection layer multiple pixels with project to projection layer On image mutually change the appearance of at least one of this multiple pixel in phase.As discussed, multiple pixels can be electricity It is sub controllable, with the image synchronization projected on projection layer and with being aligned to show image.
In frame 4204, projection device optionally generates and analyte sensors information.For example, projection device optionally uses One or more sensors carry out detection light.In another example, projection device is optionally examined using one or more sensors Survey user and/or one or more user properties.The example of user property can include but is not limited to: user and projection device it Between distance, the position of user, the identity of user, height, whether age, user wear glasses and/or other physics of user are special Sign.As discussed, analyte sensors information can be carried out in part with image procossing.
In frame 4206, sensor information can be based in part on to be electronically controlled to multiple pixels.For example, projection Equipment is able to use sensor and comes the distance between detection of projection devices and user.It can be based at least partially on and be examined by sensor The distance of survey is electronically controlled pixel.For example, the attribute of distance and/or user based on user is (for example, determine user Whether wear glasses), with enlarged drawing and/or it can increase size text (for example, passing through image procossing).In another example In, it, can be with enlarged drawing in response to determining that user distance projection device at least threshold distance and/or user is confirmed as minimal ages As and/or can increase size text.
In another example, projection device can determine the height of user.Projection device can move (example based on height Such as, it is raised and lowered) text in image.As illustrative and non-limiting example, projection device can be in mobile image The position of text, for example, the display text in the picture higher or lowerly in terms of height, with matched with the height of user or with Other modes correspond to user height so that text substantially with the eye alignment of user.
With reference to Figure 37-Figure 42, in one or more embodiments, display 4002 and/or display 4004 can include One or more pixels without containing dyestuff.In one or more embodiments, display 4002 and/or display 4004 can Including one or more pixels, wherein each pixel includes dyestuff.In one or more embodiments, display 4002 and/ Or display 4004 can include multiple pixels, wherein only some pixels (for example, subset of pixel) include dyestuff.In addition, In specific embodiment, different dyestuffs can be used for different pixels.For example, 4004 energy of display 4002 and/or display It is enough that there are one or more pixels, one or more pixels including the second different dye colours including the first dye colour Deng.Display 4002 and/or display 4004 can include the pixel of two or more different dyeing.For example, display 4002 and/ Or display 4004 can include one or more dye the pixels of black, the pixel of one or more white colouring, one or Multiple pixels for dying silver color, one or more pixels for dying red, one or more pixels for dying green, one or more A pixel for dying blue, one or more pixels for dying cyan, one or more pixels for dying magenta, one or more Any combination of the pixel of a stained yellow or aforementioned item.
In a particular embodiment, one or more displays of projection device 3702 are capable addressable or column addressable 's.In one or more embodiments, one or more displays of projection device 3702 may include being controllable to display to lead to Saturating shape, gray scale, white, the single pixel of black or particular color.The size of the single pixel can be set to about show The size of device, so that entire projection layer can be electronically controlled for complete and uniform white, complete and uniform black, completely And uniform transparence, complete and uniform gray scale or complete and uniform particular color.For example, the single pixel of display can Black, white, silver color, red, green, blue, cyan, magenta or yellow is presented to be colored.
Figure 43 shows another example display device 100 with display 110.Figure 44 shows the display equipment of Figure 43 Example display 110 exploded view.With reference to Figure 43 and Figure 44, in a particular embodiment, display equipment 100 is configured as: preceding Display 150 and rear display 140 are implemented as substantial transparent display.In a particular embodiment, preceding display 150 Size and shape is had basically the same with rear display 140.In the example of Figure 43 and Figure 44, show equipment 100 rear Without entity backing or other layers behind display 140.Therefore, it can watch from the people that the cone watches display equipment 100 preceding The information presented on display 150 and/or rear display 140, while display equipment 100 can also be understood thoroughly and be located at display to watch The subsequent object of equipment 100.Similarly, it can be watched positioned at the display subsequent user of equipment 100 before being at least partly presented on Content on display 150 and/or rear display 140, while can also understand thoroughly display equipment 100 and be located at display equipment to watch The object of 100 fronts.For example, product can be shown (for example, intelligent hand by the way that product to be placed on behind display equipment 100 Machine), and show that equipment 100 can show the information about product.
In a particular embodiment, display 110 can show information with increased contrast.Display 110 includes quilt The referred to as additional channel in " channel α (alpha) ".The channel α is conducive to increase the contrast of the information shown on display 110. In one aspect, the channel α is conducive to show black Colored pixels, to provide increased contrast in the displayed image. In addition, the channel α can indication range from as described herein penetrating (for example, transparent), silver color, white, black, gray scale or other The pixel of suitable color.For example, can control the pixel in the channel α so that opaque shape is at least partly presented.In one or more In embodiment, the pixel of preceding display 150 and rear display 140 has basically the same size and shape.In other implementations In example, the shape and/or size and/or quantity of the pixel of preceding display 150 and rear display 140 can as described herein that Sample is different.
In a particular embodiment, preceding display 150 is pixel addressable display.Preceding display 150 may be implemented as Optical modulation layer.Preceding display 150 can be emissive display.In a particular embodiment, preceding display 150 is transparent OLED (TOLED) display.In this example, TOLED display can be by active matrix or passive matrix drive, and has some bases Transparent region in sheet.In a particular embodiment, preceding display 150 is LCD.In this example, preceding display 150 can correspond to The LCD formed by polarizer, LC panel, colour filter and polarizer.In another example, preceding display 150 can be with LC panel (for example, using ITO, LC and ITO material) is corresponding.In a particular embodiment, preceding display 150 may be implemented as light enhancing Layer (for example, light amplifier layer).For example, preceding display 150 may be implemented as QD layers.It can be by any conjunction with transparency Suitable optical modulation layer or display is used as preceding display 150.
In a particular embodiment, preceding display 150 includes that can generate red, green and blue pixels.Generally, such as Described in the disclosure, transparency is realized by leaving gap between the pixels.In this respect, TOLED display 150 is always It is maximum transparent.TOLED display 150 cannot generate colors black.On the contrary, the pixel for being intended to black in color is shown For substantial transparent (for example, penetrating).In bright environment, due to that cannot show that black picture element and ambient lighting are penetrated The fact that by display 110, it is horizontal that TOLED display 150 provides low contrast.Contrast is normally measured as (most bright Degree-most dark brightness)/(average brightness).Environment light is brighter, and contrast is poorer.
In a particular embodiment, rear display 140 is embodied as non-emissive display.Display 140 is that pixel can afterwards Addressing.For example, rear display 140 may be implemented as PDLC display, PSLC, electrochromic display device (ECD), electric dispersion are shown Device, electric moistening display, suspended particulate equipment, ITO display are in its any phase (for example, nematic, TN, STN or SmA) LCD.Display 140 is controllably the generation channel α afterwards.The transparency and one or more picture of display 140 after the control of the channel α Element.For example, rear display 140 be pixel it is controllable to generate black picture element, transparent (for example, penetrating) pixel or black and thoroughly In the case where any intergrade (for example, translucent) between bright, the channel α controls transparency with the picture of display 140 after determination Whether element is presented black in color, transparent or specific gray shade.It is controllable white to generate of pixel in rear display 140 In the case where the transparent pixels (for example, translucent pixel) of color pixel, transparent pixels or different level, the channel α controls transparency Whether presented with the pixel of display 140 after determination white, transparent or semitransparent in color.In one or more embodiments In, rear display 140 is not needed using colour filter.In one or more embodiments, rear display 140 does not need polarizer.
In a particular embodiment, rear display 140 is aligned with preceding display 150, as described in the disclosure.For example, The pixel alignment of the pixel of display 140 and preceding display 150 afterwards.As illustrated examples, the pixel of rear display 140 can be with It is superimposed with the pixel of preceding display 150.In another example, the pixel of rear display 140 can be with the pixel of preceding display 150 Substantial transparent region superposition, it is visible with the region that will pass through substantial transparent.Therefore, the pixel of rear display 140 can To show substantial transparent shape, black, white, gray scale or another suitable color, this is depended on for passing through preceding display for control The substantial transparent region of the pixel of device 150 is visible to be particularly shown technology.For example, control after display 140 with show with White, black and/or the gray-scale pixels of the selected pixel alignment of preceding display 150, wherein the selected pixel of preceding display 150 The pixel (for example, the red, green and blue sub-pixel in these pixels are closed) by preceding display 150 corresponding to image is aobvious It is shown as substantial transparent white, black and/or gray areas.
In a particular embodiment, display 110 can show the image including one or more black regions.Display afterwards 140 can show black region by the way that black is presented in pixel corresponding with the black region of image control.It will be preceding aobvious Show pixel corresponding with the black region of the image control of device 150 for transparence is presented.Therefore, when before equipment 100 When viewing, the black picture element from rear display 140 is visible, to generate the black portions of image.By showing black Pixel rather than black is indicated using penetrating pixel, the contrast of display 110 is improved.
In a particular embodiment, display 110 can show the image including one or more white areas.Display afterwards 140 can be displayed in white region by the way that white is presented in pixel corresponding with the white area of image control.It will be preceding aobvious Show pixel corresponding with the white area of the image control of device 150 for transparence is presented.Therefore, when before equipment 100 When viewing, the white pixel from rear display 140 is visible, to generate the white portion of image.
In a particular embodiment, display 110 can show the image including one or more gray areas.Display afterwards 140 can show gray areas by the way that gray scale is presented in pixel corresponding with the gray areas of image control.It will be preceding aobvious Show pixel corresponding with the gray areas of the image control of device 150 for transparence is presented.Therefore, when before equipment 100 When viewing, the gray-scale pixels from rear display 140 are visible, to generate the gray portion of image.
In a particular embodiment, rear display 140 can control and being displayed in red of preceding display 150, green or blue Pixel alignment pixel present at least partly opaque or opaque (for example, black, white and/or gray scale).By rear Before being shown in display 140 behind the pixel of the display color of display 150 or with the display color of preceding display 150 The opaque pixel or at least partly opaque pixel of pixel superposition, rear display 140 is at least relative to being controlled as Opaque pixel is shown in display 140 afterwards to stop the environment light distributed below from display 110.By reducing environment Light improves the contrast of display 110.
As illustrative and non-limiting example, with reference to Figure 43, the part 4302 of the image shown on display 110 passes through Display 140 shows the image 4202 being superimposed with the image 4404 on preceding display 150 to be formed afterwards.After forming image 4402 The pixel of display 140 can be black, white or gray scale.The pixel of the image 4404 of preceding display 150 can be any face Color.The pixels block of the rear display 140 of image 4402 is formed from the display subsequent environment light of equipment 100, thus for display The generated combination image 4302 of device 110 provides increased contrast.
In a particular embodiment, rear display 140 is that pixel is addressable.In other embodiments, rear display 140 is Row is addressable or column are addressable, to control transparency and be provided arranged to the area for being scattered, reflecting or absorbing to light Domain.In one or more embodiments, rear display 140 may include being controllable to show penetrating shape, gray scale, white or black Single pixel.The size of display 140, makes after the size of the single pixel of display 140 can be set to about afterwards Can will entirely after display electronics control as complete and uniform white, complete and uniform black, completely and uniformly Transparence or complete and uniform gray scale.It should be understood, however, that the single pixel of rear display 140 can be colored Black, white, silver color, red, green, blue, cyan, magenta or yellow is presented.In some embodiments, display 110 are illuminated using side in LCD configuration or use front lit (frontlit).In some embodiments, display 110 includes touching Touch input layer.It should be understood that display 110 can operate under the control of Video Controller and/or processor (not shown).
Figure 45 A- Figure 43 E shows the example of the part emission type pixel with the channel α.In a particular embodiment, part Emission type pixel 160 can have any suitable shape, such as square, rectangle or circle.Shown in Figure 45 A- Figure 45 E Examples section emission type pixel 160 can have various arrangements, the sub-pixel of shapes and sizes and the region α.In Figure 45 A- Figure 45 E Example in, the region α is provided by rear display 140.Preceding display 150 provides red, green and blue sub-pixel and basic Upper transparent region, wherein the region α of rear display 140 can be visible by the substantial transparent region.
In Figure 45 A, part emission type pixel 160 includes three adjacent rectangle sub-pixels (" R ", " G " and " B ") and position The region α below these three sub-pixels, wherein the region α has the size roughly the same with these three sub-pixels.In Figure 45 B In, part emission type pixel 160 includes three adjacent rectangle sub-pixels and the region α with blue subpixels adjacent positioned, the α Region has the size and shape roughly the same with each sub-pixel.In Figure 45 C, part emission type pixel 160 is subdivided into Four quadrants, wherein three sub-pixels occupy three quadrants and the region α is located in fourth quadrant.In Figure 45 D, part emits The tool of type pixel 160 is there are four rectangular sub-pixel, and wherein transparent region is located between this four sub-pixels and around.In Figure 45 E, The tool of part emission type pixel 160 is there are four round sub-pixel, and wherein the region α is located between this four sub-pixels and around.Although The disclosure is described and illustrated the specific part emission type with specific arrangements, the particular sub-pixel of shapes and sizes and the region α Pixel, but the disclosure covers appointing with any suitable arrangement, any suitable sub-pixel of shapes and sizes and the region α What suitable part emission type pixel.
In a particular embodiment, shown in Figure 45 A- Figure 45 E after display 140 pixel be sized to The penetrating region of the part emission type pixel of preceding display 150 it is identical and with the penetrating regional alignment.In other embodiments, exist The pixel of display 140 is sized to emit with all parts of preceding display 150 after shown in Figure 45 A- Figure 45 E Type pixel it is identical and with all parts emission type pixel alignment.In this case, for example, the pixel of rear display 140 Before size will be arranged to display 150 include red, green and blue sub-pixel and substantial transparent region including The area of pixel.
Figure 46 shows another example implementation of display 110.In the example of Figure 46, front layer 150 includes that part emits Type pixel 160.In a particular embodiment, the part emission type pixel of layer 150 include be illustrated as three of sub-pixel 4602 it is adjacent Sub-pixel (" R ", " G " and " B "), then layer 140 pixel provide the region α 4604.Electrically conducting transparent line 4606 is preceding display 150 " R ", " G " and " B " sub-pixel 4602 provides control signal.
As discussed with reference to Figure 45, the region α is generated by rear display 140, and is sent out by the part of preceding display 150 The penetrating region of emitting pixel is visible.In the example of Figure 46, sub-pixel 4602 is OLED.Spy depending on rear display 140 Fixed to realize, the region α 4604 can be configured to display transparence, black, gray scale or white.In the example of Figure 46, the region α 4604-1 It is configured as being displayed in white or being rendered as opaque.The region α 4604-2 is configured as display black or absorbs light.The example of Figure 46 It shows and does not need to be incorporated to fixed black masks for the preceding display 150 of TOLED display, to allow preceding display 150 real Now than the transparency of other TOLED display higher degrees, while still providing increased contrast.
In a particular embodiment, with reference to Figure 43-Figure 44, when white (black) region that show image by display 110 When, the pixel corresponding with white (black) region of rear display 140 is controlled as that white (black) is presented.Display before control The pixel corresponding with white (black) region of device 150, so that " R ", " G " and " B " sub-pixel is closed.In specific embodiment In, with reference to Figure 43-Figure 44, the transparency of the pixel corresponding with the selected areas of image of rear display 140 be controlled as be in It is now white, gray scale, black or another color, to stop or at least partly to stop environment light.Display 150 before controlling Pixel corresponding with the selected areas of image, so that " R ", " G " and " B " sub-pixel are suitably opened to generate expected face Color.Furthermore, it is possible to application based on display 110 or use to change the amount in used substantially transparent region, to realize the phase The transparency and pixel density of prestige.
Figure 47 shows the exploded view of the example display device including camera.In the example of Figure 47, display equipment 100 is wrapped Include camera 4702.Camera 4702 can capture image and/or video (hereinafter collectively referred to as " image data ").Camera 4702 can be by It is mounted in the shell or shell of display equipment 100, and outwardly facing 150 front of preceding display as described in connection with fig. 5 The cone.
Camera 4702 is couple to memory 4704.Memory 4704 is couple to processor 4706.It is retouched herein in connection with Figure 32 The example of memory and processor is stated.On the one hand, memory 4704 may be implemented as local storage, be configured as Store instruction and data, such as the image data from camera 4702.Processor 4706, which is able to carry out, is stored in memory 4704 In instruction with start the pixel for controlling transparent display (for example, rear display 140) transparency and transparent color it is aobvious Show the operation of the addressable area of the part emission type pixel of device (for example, preceding display 150).
Processor 4706 is able to carry out the instruction being stored in memory 4702 to analyze image data.In specific embodiment In, processor 4706 can be watched attentively from the people in the cone is detected in image data, and watching attentively based on user or user The angle relative to 110 surface of display is watched attentively to determine the perspective of the pixel of preceding display 150 and the pixel of rear display 140 (see-through) it is overlapped.It is overlapped in response to identified perspective, one of display 140 after processor 4706 can adjust Or one or more or all part emission type pixels of multiple or all pixels transparencies and/or the preceding display 150 of adjustment Addressable area.For example, by such as the transparency of the pixel of display 140 adjust describedly after and/or preceding display 150 The addressable area of part emission type pixel, processor 4706 can make the operation of rear display 140 and preceding display 150 same Step, so that the region of any image shown by each corresponding display is aligned relative to the visual angle (for example, watching attentively) of user. Processor 4706 can dynamically adjust the image shown on rear display 140 and preceding display 150, so as to over time It is aligned along the change of perspective (for example, watching attentively) of user.
For example, processor 4706 can to image data execute Object identifying, in detection image data the mankind or use Family.On the one hand, processor 4706 detects the face of user and identifies the feature of such as eyes etc.Processor 4706 can be true Determine the direction of user watched attentively relative to display 110.The direction watched attentively based on user, processor 4704 can determine preceding aobvious Show perspective overlapping of the pixel of device 150 above the pixel of rear display 140.
Examples described herein embodiment promotes to increase in display by stopping environment light and/or generating black picture element The contrast added.The ability for increasing contrast as described above means preceding display 150 (for example, transparent color displays) energy It is enough to be operated with the brightness of lower degree.For example, preceding display 150 can reduce driving " R ", " G " and " B " sub-pixel, The magnitude of current carried in the line.The reduction of electric current needed for driving display 110 is conducive to improve the expansible of panel size Property, improve the service life of display 110, and help to reduce user's eye fatigue experienced.
With reference to Figure 43-Figure 47, in one or more embodiments, rear display 140 can include one without containing dyestuff A or multiple pixels.In one or more embodiments, rear display 140 can include one or more pixels, wherein each Pixel all includes dyestuff.In one or more embodiments, rear display 140 can include multiple pixels, wherein only some pictures Element (for example, subset of the pixel of rear display 140) includes dyestuff.In addition, in a particular embodiment, different dyestuffs can be by For different pixels.For example, rear display 140 can have one or more pixels including the first dye colour, including Different one or more pixels of the second dye colour etc..Display 140 may include the pixel of two or more different dyeing afterwards. For example, rear display 140 can include that one or more dyes the pixel of black, the pixel of one or more white colourings, one A or multiple pixels for dying silver color, one or more pixels for dying red, one or more pixels for dying green, one Or multiple pixels for dying blue, one or more pixels for dying cyan, one or more pixels for dying magenta, one Multiple stained yellows pixel or aforementioned item any combination.
Display 140 can show the different colored areas of the one or more of the image emitted by preceding display 150 afterwards, This pixel for depending on present displays 150 is controlled as these of presentation transparence (for example, penetrating) Shi Qian display 150 Pixel (for example, part emission type pixel) is shown below or the particular color of visible pixel.Display 140 can also be preceding afterwards Display 150 is controlled as behind the pixel of display color (for example, being superimposed with these pixels of preceding display 150) display not Same Colored pixels (for example, at least partly opaque).In this respect, can be used be colored or be not colored one or Multiple pixels realize the channel α.The pixel being colored may include be dyed to black, white, silver color, red, green, blue, Cyan, magenta, the pixel of yellow or any combination for being colored pixel.
As combined the display 110 configured described by Figure 43-Figure 47 can be by showing after changing pixel by pixel The transparency of the pixel of device 140 is shown including color from transparence to black or from transparence to the image of white.As combined Display 110 described in Figure 43-Figure 47 can be incorporated in any one of a variety of different units or system. It may include that the example apparatus of display 110 includes but is not limited to: tablet computer；Mobile phone；Giant display；It is public aobvious Show device；Window；Laptop computer；Camera；See-through display；Head-mounted display；Head-up display；Such as goggles, ear The virtual reality device of machine, glasses, mobile phone and tablet computer etc；Such as earphone, glasses, mobile phone and plate meter The augmented reality equipment of calculation machine etc；And other suitable equipment.
The exemplary method 4800 that Figure 48 shows for realizing display.In one or more embodiments, method 4800 For realizing the display as described in herein in conjunction with Figure 43-Figure 47.
In frame 4802, the first transparent display is provided.For example, the first transparent display can be manufactured to include multiple Pixel.The transparency of each pixel in multiple pixels of first display can be electronically controlled.In one or more In embodiment, multiple pixels of the first transparent display are electronic controllables, to be shown as penetrating shape, white, gray scale or black.
In frame 4804, the second transparent display is provided.In one or more embodiments, the second transparent display can be with It is manufactured to transmitting image.In the exemplary embodiment, the second transparent display is located at before the first transparent display.Specific In embodiment, the second transparent display is colourful transparent display.On the one hand, the second transparent display includes multiple portions hair Emitting pixel, wherein each part emission type pixel has addressable area and penetrating region.
In one or more embodiments, the second transparent display is emissive display, and the first transparent display is Non-emissive display.For example, non-emissive display can be polymer color dispersion-type liquid crystal display, electrochromic display Device, electric dispersion display or electric moistening display.Emissive display can be liquid crystal display, light emitting diode indicator or Organic light emitting diode display.In particular example, emissive display is transparent organic light emitting diode display, rather than Emissive display is electrophoretic display device (EPD).In another example, emissive display is transparent LED display, rather than Emissive display is the liquid crystal display for including smectic C liquid crystal.
In frame 4806, image or image sequence are shown including the equipment of the first transparent display and the second transparent display Column.In one or more embodiments, by keeping the region corresponding with the black region of image of the second transparent display saturating Black is presented to show the black of image in region corresponding with the black region of image that is bright and making the first transparent display Region.In one or more embodiments, it is shown in the region corresponding with the colored areas of image of the second transparent display Image is shown in the case that the presentation of the region corresponding with colored areas of color and the first transparent display is opaque.It is retouched The operation for the colored areas for displaying images stated can be performed simultaneously with the operation of black region for displaying images.
In a particular embodiment, the part emission type pixel pair of the pixel of the first transparent display and the second transparent display Standard, and can be visible by the penetrating region of the part emission type pixel of the second transparent display.
In frame 4808, memory and processor are optionally provided.Memory being capable of store instruction.Processor, which is couple to, to be deposited Reservoir.In response to executing instruction, processor can start the transparency and second of the pixel for controlling the first transparent display The operation of the addressable area of the part emission type pixel of transparent display.
In one or more embodiments, camera is optionally provided.For example, camera can be for before the second transparent display The cone in face generates image data.As described above, the second transparent display can be located at before the first transparent display.Example Such as, processor can analyze image data and watching attentively from the people detected in the cone in image data.Processor can also be based on User watch attentively or the position of user determines the perspective of the pixel of the second transparent display and the pixel of the first transparent display Overlapping.
In a particular embodiment, processor can based on perspective overlapping come adjust the first transparent display pixel and/or The pixel of second transparent display.For example, given perspective overlapping (for example, the angle of user watched attentively and/or relative to display Position), processor can by the region of the image shown by the first transparent display be shown by the second transparent display The corresponding region of image is aligned.
In the example shown, the first transparent display and the second transparent display can be substantially parallel to each other (for example, such as Figure 44 Shown in).In operation mode, in the case where the first transparent display and the second transparent display substantial registration, by (image) region that one transparent display is shown and (identical image) corresponding region pair shown by the second transparent display It is quasi-.When from the visual angle of user (for example, the visual angle changed) viewing, processor can make the region shown by the first display And/or the corresponding region of the identical image shown by the second transparent display is shifted to be aligned.
Figure 49 shows the example operating method 4900 of display.In one or more embodiments, display is implemented For the example display in conjunction with described in Figure 43-Figure 47.
In frame 4902, the image to show in equipment is received.Equipment can from the camera of equipment, from other of equipment Circuit, the source from device external, the memory from equipment or the processor in response to equipment execute instruction to receive image.If Standby may include the first transparent display and the second transparent display.First transparent display may include multiple pixels, wherein The transparency of each of multiple pixels is electronically controllable.Second transparent display can emit image.
In one or more embodiments, the second transparent display is colourful transparent display.In a particular embodiment, Two transparent displays are located at before the first transparent display.
In frame 4904, image is shown in equipment.In one or more embodiments, by making the second transparent display Areas transparent corresponding with the black region of image and the black region with image by making the first transparent display Black is presented to show the black region of image in corresponding region.In one or more embodiments, the second transparent display Region corresponding with the colored areas of image display color, and the first transparent display is corresponding with colored areas Opaque shape is presented in region.The operation of described colored region for displaying images can be with black for displaying images The operation in region is performed simultaneously.
In frame 4906, perspective overlapping is optionally determined.For example, processor can determine the pixel of the second transparent display It is Chong Die with the perspective of the pixel of the first transparent display.The figure from the camera capture by that can be integrated into equipment can be passed through Perspective overlapping is determined using image procossing as detecting the visual angle of user in data and/or watching attentively.Perspective overlapping instruction is given In the case where the visual angle (for example, watch attentively and/or position) of user, the region of the image shown by the first transparent display whether with By the regional alignment for the identical image that the second transparent display is shown.
In frame 4908, be optionally based on perspective overlapping adjust one of the first display and/or second display or Multiple pixels.In one or more embodiments, the second transparent display includes multiple pixels, wherein the second transparent display The transparency of each pixel in multiple pixels is electronically controllable.In this case, the processor of equipment can be based on saturating Apparent weight is folded to adjust the transparency of the one or more of the first transparent display or all pixels.In other one or more implementations In example, the processor of equipment can adjust the one or more or all pixels of the second transparent display based on perspective overlapping Appearance (for example, color and/or transparency).It should be appreciated that processor can be come based on perspective overlapping while to adjust first transparent The one or more or all pixels of both display and the second transparent display.For example, processor can be as adjusted describedly Pixel, so that in the case where visual angle and/or position of the given user relative to equipment, the figure that is shown by the first transparent display As the corresponding region of identical image that is shown with as the second transparent display of region be aligned.
Figure 50 shows the exploded view of another example display 110.In the example of Figure 50, the first display is shown (for example, rear display 140) and second display (for example, preceding display 150).In the example of Figure 50, rear 140 He of display Preceding display 150 in the disclosure as being aligned describedly.For example, the pixel of preceding display 150 and rear display 140 can be right Standard so that their boundary is above or below each other, and/or make a display pixel transparent region with The addressable area of the pixel of another display is superimposed, and vice versa.
Display 140 may be implemented as color monitor afterwards.For example, rear display 140 may be implemented as any conjunction Suitable shine (for example, emission type) layer or optical modulation layer.The example implementation of display 140 includes but is not limited to afterwards: LCD, shining Diode display, light enhancement layer, OLED and QD.Display 140 can emit light or modulate the light source of such as back light etc afterwards To generate image.Display 140 can be transparent or can not be transparent afterwards.
Preceding display 150 is implemented as transparent display, can selectively carry out to the light from rear display 140 Diffusion.For example, preceding display 150 can diffuse the associated light of the image generated with rear display 140.Preceding display 150 can be scattered environment light or be diffused the light from rear display 140 to generate visual effect.Preceding display The example implementation of device 150 includes but is not limited to: PDLC display, PSLC display, electrochromic display device (ECD), electric dispersion are shown Device, electric moistening display, suspended particulate equipment, ITO display are in its any phase (for example, nematic, TN, STN, cholesteric Type, SmA, SmB, SmC) LCD or any LC display.Display 110 can also include touch-sensitive layer.
In a particular embodiment, preceding display 150 includes that one or more reflection-types, Transflective or emission type are shown Layer.Preceding display 150 can be operated as diffusing globe, and in order to create any various visual effects, such as fuzzy and white increases The enhancing of strong or other colors.The example of different types of blur effect can include but is not limited to: vignetting, speed, movement, depth Degree, transition, frame, examination (censorship), stops (block) or texture at high bright layers, privacy filter.
In a particular embodiment, display 110 uses active display or light modulation display as rear aobvious as mentioned Show device 140, preceding display 150, and includes front lit.In a particular embodiment, display 110 uses active display or light Modulation display includes back illumination as rear display 140, preceding display 150 as mentioned.Using back illumination or preceding In one or more embodiments of illumination, equipment 110 is illuminated including side.Display 110 may include touch-sensitive layer, regardless of whether making It is illuminated with front lit, back illumination and/or side.
In a particular embodiment, spacer 5002 is optionally included in display 110.The addition of spacer 5002 can operate To increase the scattered quantum generated by preceding display 150.For example, spacer 5002 can be it is adjustable, with change after display The distance between 140 and preceding display 150.Spacer 5002 can be set between rear display 140 and preceding display 150. For example, one or more spacers 502 can be couple to the top of display 140 and 150, it is couple to display 140 and 150 One or both sides are couple to the bottom of display 140 and 150, or in any combination at the edge of display.Display 110 may include one or more spacers 5002.In a particular embodiment, spacer 5002 is electrically or mechanically controlled. By further changing the distance between rear display 140 and preceding display 150, can increase or decrease by preceding display 150 The scattered quantum of generation.For example, the distance between display 140 and preceding display 150 are increased and are produced by preceding display 150 after increasing Raw scattered quantum.
Display 110 can operate in a number of different modes.In the first mode, rear display 140 is opened and is shown Show color image, and preceding display 150 is transparent.In a second mode, rear display 140 is in close state, and preceding aobvious Show that device 150 (it may include bistable display layer) can show image or any information while consuming little power.? In third or " environment " mode, display 110 can diffuse environment light by using preceding display 150 white to enhance Color.In the 4th or " back light " mode, display 110 can be enhanced by being diffused to environment light color (such as black, White, silver color (for example, TiO2), red, green, blue, cyan, magenta and yellow), while also using rear display 140 To generate the pixel of enhanced color.In the 5th mode, display 110 can be by using preceding display 150 to rear aobvious Show that the pixel of device 140 is diffused to generate blur effect.
In the example of Figure 50, preceding display 150 is configured with blur effect to show the frame 5004 that white is presented. The region 5006 of preceding display 150 be it is transparent, people is watched in the transparent region located immediately at preceding display 150 The content shown on 5006 subsequent rear displays 140.For example, word " Hello (hello) " is shown by rear display 140, and And by the transparent region 5006 of preceding display 150 as it can be seen that wherein frame 5004 surrounds the content.
In the example of Figure 50, including processor 5008 and memory 5010.Processor 5008 is shown after being configured as control Show the operation of device 140 and preceding display 150.In one or more embodiments, processor 5008 can be controlled by display Device and/or other drive circuit (not shown) control display 110.In one or more embodiments, processor 5008 And/or memory 5010 is a part of display controller.Processor 5008 can start display 110 as described herein Various operation modes.In a particular embodiment, display 110 can be operated with environmental pattern, wherein after display 140 can be Transmitting or modulation light are under the control of processor 5008 to generate image, and preceding display 150 is operable as in processor 5008 Environment light is scattered under control and the light from rear display 140 is diffused.As previously mentioned, processor 5008 can Display 140 and 150 phase of preceding display operate in phase after control, to generate one or more visual effects and/or realize this Any one of various operation modes described in text.
In a particular embodiment, display 110 with back light mode operation, wherein before display 150 be operable as by Environment light is diffused with the region of presentation white of rear display 140 and/or the region of pixel alignment and/or pixel Enhance white colour.White pixel is generated by using both rear display 140 and preceding display 150, reduces display 110 It generates and quantity of power used in the pixel of white is presented, since it is desired that less electric current is come the white picture of display 140 after driving Element, especially in light environment.White face is shown without using from the bright white pixel of rear display 140 The ability of color further helps in the eye fatigue for reducing user in low luminous environment.
In a particular embodiment, processor 5008, which can receive to specify, can store the image data in memory 5010 Signal.Image data includes the information being embedded as another layer, channel, label or metadata.Embedding information is to wanting By display 110 using also being encoded by the certain visual effects that the image data that display 100 is shown is realized in real time.? On the one hand, embedding information is obtained or is read from image data by processor 5008, to realize the specific view specified by embedding information Feel effect.For example, embedding information is considered individual channel, such as the diffusion with the channel separation for providing RGB information Or scatter channel.In response to reading embedding information, before processor 5008 controls display 150 and/or the creation of rear display 140 by The specified visual effect of embedding information.After processor 5008 can control display 140 and preceding display 150 with it is synchronized with each other And/or alignment ground operation.
In a particular embodiment, processor 5008 can execute image procossing to the image data obtained from reception signal. Processor 5008, which is able to detect in image data, makes processor 5008 start or realize certain visual effects and/or operation mode Specified conditions.In this way, processor 5008 is capable of handling received vision signal to determine when to activate scattering layer (example Such as, preceding display 150).As illustrative and non-limiting example, preceding display 150 can be controlled as transparent or substantially It is transparent.For example, processor 5008 is able to respond in the group from image data, sensing data or image data and sensing data Display 150 is before real-time detection is dynamically activated to predetermined condition in conjunction to diffuse light.In general, what the condition referred to It is to contrast (for example, contrasting with scatter channel) with other information carrying in reception signal or being embedded in image data, The attribute of image data and/or the content of sensing data.
As illustrative and non-limiting example, processor 5008 is able to use image procossing to analyze image data to examine Survey unsuitable content.For example, processor 5008 can be by executing optical character identification or other Object identifyings or passing through Be compared to the image specified by vision signal and image library to detect unsuitable content, wherein described image library include can Image with the inappropriate content to match with reception signal.In this case, processor 5008 can be by aobvious before controlling Show the operation of device 150 with hide or cover after display 140 entirety or rear display 140 be confirmed as showing it is inappropriate in Examination or blocking effect, such as blur effect are realized in the region of appearance.Processor 5008 can determine to be blurred in image or The position and/or region in the region or text otherwise covered or the shape of text.Processor 5008 is aobvious before capable of controlling Show the pixel of device 150 with the fuzzy determination region emitted by rear display 140.In another example, processor 5008 can be real When and/or substantially in real time identify image data in white area, and when show on display 110 control before Display 150 and/or rear display 140 enhance these regions.In another example, processor 4204 can in real time and/or Certain patterns or texture in detection image data substantially in real time, and control preceding enhancing pattern of display 150 or texture.
The content of detection image and/or vision signal is come by using processor 5008 and be based on and/or in response to detection Content come using preceding display 150 apply effect, do not need to modify to original contents.In other words, described herein Embodiment by applying image procossing described herein and visual effect can be applied using preceding display 150 come dynamically Execute the described operation when receiving traditional vision signal.
In one or more embodiments, processor 5008 is able to detect the embedding information or image data received in signal The embedding information of middle insertion, while also based on any other condition detected in image data and/or being based on sensor number According to dynamically applying visual effect.
In a particular embodiment, user interface is provided.It together can include user interface and/or can with display 110 To generate and show that user interface, user interface may include one or more buttons or switch and/or touching on display 110 Touch interface.By user interface, user can configure many aspects of the operation of display 110.User can be by user circle The example of the operation of face configuration includes but is not limited to: activation deactivates preceding display 150, selects for generating visual effect Source, it is specified to be used or by certain visual effects to be used, and specified one or more or each visual effect Intensity or amount.It is selected about source, for example, user can be based on the label or other embedding informations in image data, based on figure Visual effect to be applied is designated whether as processing (for example, dynamically), sensing data or any combination of them.
As described in reference diagram 50, display 110 can be integrated into any in a variety of different units or system In one kind, or use in any one of a variety of different units or system.For example, display 110 can be by For realizing TV, public display, monitor, mobile phone, tablet computer, electronic reader, advertising panel, wearable Equipment, digital camera, head-up display and transparent display.
Figure 51 shows another example display 110.In the example of Figure 51, signal 5102 is by scattered information (for example, dissipating Penetrate channel) send drive circuit 5104 to.The operation of display 150 before drive circuit controls.More specifically, driver is electric Road 5104 can decode the scattered information from signal 5102, and each picture of preceding display 150 is controlled based on signal 5102 Element.Signal 5106 sends red, green and blue video data to drive circuit 5108.After drive circuit 5108 controls The operation of display 140.Drive circuit 5108 being capable of decoded signal 5106 and display 140 after being controlled based on signal 5106 Each pixel.As shown, preceding display 150 can to emit from rear display 140 red, green and blue light carry out Diffusion.
Figure 52 shows another example display 110.For purposes of illustration, drive circuit 5104 and driving is not shown Device circuit 5108.In the example of Figure 52, processor 5008 is included and is capable of handling signal 5106.For example, processing Device 5008 may be implemented as image processor.Processor 5008 being capable of (for example, passing through drive circuit) display 140 backward Output signal 5106.In addition, processor 5008 can be generated from signal 5106 or sending out signals 5102, and (for example, passing through drive Dynamic device circuit) forward display 150 signal 5102 is provided.
In one or more embodiments, processor 5008 can from signal 5106 extract embedding data, and from insertion number According to generation signal 5102.As discussed, embedding data can indicate certain types of effect and/or operation mode, such as want The contrast of execution enhances and/or color enhancing.Such data encoding can be signal 5102 by processor 5008.Specific In embodiment, processor 5008 can analyze the content of signal 5106 and/or sensing data, the certain kinds to be executed with determination The effect and/or operation mode of type.Processor 5008 generates signal 5102, and signal 5102 is encoded and controlled to such operation The operation of the pixel of display 150 is before making to realize effect as described herein and/or operation mode.
Figure 53 shows another example display 110.In the example of Figure 53, including one or more sensors 3706. The edge of display 150 before one or more sensors 3706 can be included in is dispersed in entire preceding display 150, In one or more positions in the shell of display 110, or on other suitable positions on.Sensor 3706 can be by At any suitable position in display 110 or in display 110.As discussed, in a particular embodiment, it passes One or more of sensor 3706 is configured as detection light.The example of the sensor of detection light includes but is not limited to two pole of photoelectricity Pipe and phototransistor.In a particular embodiment, one or more of sensor 3706 or whole are implemented as Detect the other kinds of sensor of following item: being physically present of user, the degree of approach and/or distance of user to display 110, Any one of the identity of user, the position of user and/or each attribute of user as described herein.For example, sensor One or more of 3706 or whole may be implemented as camera.In other embodiments, sensor 3706 may include by Be configured to detection light (for example, luminous intensity and/or color) sensor (for example, photodiode and/or phototransistor) and It is able to detect the combination of the other kinds of sensor of the identity of user, the degree of approach of user and/or user.
In one or more embodiments, processor 5008 can carry out the sensing data generated by sensor 3706 Operation.Processor 5008 can be based at least partially on the sensing data that obtains from sensor 3706 to modify signal 5102 And/or signal 5104.In a particular embodiment, processor 5008 can detect the level of environment light from sensor 3706.Processing Display 150 after device 5008 can activate, so that the selected pixel of preceding display 150 is no longer transparent, but based on detection To environment light level light is diffused.Selected pixel can diffuse light to realize that color enhances.For example, response In the environment light for detecting threshold level or threshold quantity, display 150 is in selected areas (example before processor 5008 can control Such as, rear display 140 present white region) in light is diffused.Therefore, in the environment with high ambient light, display Device 110 can provide increased contrast by color enhancing.
For example, processor 5008 can control preceding display based on the brightness of image of the image emitted by rear display 140 The pixel of device 150.It is superimposed in the region for being greater than threshold quantity with average image brightness in rear display 140 of preceding display 150 In region, the pixel of display 150 is scattered light before processor 5008 can make.In addition, processor 5008 can control By the amount for the scattering that the pixel of preceding display 150 provides.In one or more embodiments, for example, detection is by rear display 140 The image of display, be higher than threshold binary image brightness brightness of image region.These regions can be image include (but It is not limited to) white area of white text or text.It is aobvious by being used in the region that brightness of image is more than threshold binary image brightness Show that 150 pairs of light of device diffuse, display 110 becomes easier to read under high ambient light condition by increased contrast.
For example, processor 5008 can be by controlling in preceding display 150 and by rear display in the case where colours white The pixel of the regional alignment of the presentation white for the image that device 140 is shown diffuses light to execute white enhancing, to enhance The white colour of displayed image and the contrast for increasing display 110.For example, preceding display 150 is configured as carrying out light The pixel of scattering is also scattered environment light.In such a configuration, the level of environment light is higher, by using preceding display 150 pixel for being superimposed or being aligned with the white area (for example, pixel) of the presentation white of the image generated by rear display 140 The contrast for being diffused and being generated to light is bigger.
In a particular embodiment, when executing white enhancing as described above in high ambient light environment, for example, working as environment When light level is more than the threshold value determined from sensing data, processor 5008 can also reduce power and by the life of rear display 140 At light quantity.For example, when rear display 140 is LCD or OLED display, processor 5008 can reduce it is generated and/ Or the light quantity of back light, while still realizing abundant or increased contrast.
In a particular embodiment, may include display 150 before one or more, wherein using different colours to one or Multiple and different preceding displays 150 are dyed.For example, one of them preceding display 150 can enhance white.It is aobvious before another Show that device 150 can have the pixel with orchil, the preceding display for being dyed to red is enabled to enhance red.In color In enhancement mode, for example, the control preceding display 150 of white is in preceding display and the image that is shown by rear display 140 It presents and light is diffused in the region of the region superposition of white, to enhance the white area of image by increased contrast Domain.Controlling has the preceding display 150 of orchil in the presentation with the image shown by rear display 140 of preceding display Light is diffused in the region of red region superposition, to enhance the red area of image.It can add additional preceding aobvious Show device 150 to enhance additional color, such as green, blue, magenta, yellow and black.
Generally, with reference to Figure 50-Figure 53, color enhancing refers to following situation: rear display 140 shows image, and It is unrestrained to the region application for being rendered as selected color of the image generated by rear display 140 for the preceding display 150 of selected color It penetrates.For example, can be by controlling the pixel of preceding display 150 in the presentation white with rear display 140 of preceding display 150 Regional alignment or superposition region in light is diffused (for example, be no longer transparent, wherein before display 150 pixel White is presented) enhancing of Lai Shixian white colour.For example, can be by the pixel of display 150 before controlling in preceding display 150 Light is diffused (for example, display before wherein with the regional alignment of the presentation green of rear display 140 or the region being superimposed Pixel be dyed to green) Lai Shixian green color (or another color) enhancing.
Scattering refers to diffusing using 150 pairs of light of preceding display, wherein being controlled as the pixel being scattered to light Do not coordinate mutually with the same color region from rear display 140.It should be appreciated that can be by stacking additional preceding display 150 allow to control before multiple preceding displays in display 150 to be scattered in the region of alignment or pixel to light, To realize a greater amount of scatterings.
Figure 54 A- Figure 54 L is shown can showing by the visual effect for combining the display 110 of Figure 50-Figure 53 description to realize Example.Figure 54 A shows the example for the scattering realized by preceding display 150.In the example of Figure 54 A, 150 pairs of light of display are carried out Scattering is to generate blur effect.Blur effect be used to create halation 5402 above the image 5404 that rear display 140 is shown (for example, executing vignetting).In this example, white and opaque shape is presented in the adjacent edges of display 110 in halation 5402, and And start to show the increased transparency mobile towards the center of display 110, to allow image 5404 visible.
In one or more embodiments, the information from the signal for conveying scattered information is solved in response to processor Code can realize halation 5402 by preceding display 150.In one or more embodiments, processor can be to received video Signal executes image procossing, to analyze the content of image 5404, and dynamically applies visual effect in response to image procossing. In this example, processor can identify landscape, and in response to this, and calling obscures to create halation 5402.
Figure 54 B, which is shown, to be scattered using 150 pairs of light of preceding display to create the image shown by rear display 140 The example of speed or movement effects.In Figure 54 B, by the image that rear display 140 is shown be focus alignment or clearly.Before Display 150 is operable as the light in the specific region to the image shown by rear display 140 and is scattered, to create figure Movement effects shown in 54B.As illustrated examples, processor 5008 is able to carry out light stream detection to identify the quick of image The region of movement.Using the known location in image with the quickly region of movement (for example, from frame to frame), processor 5008 makes The pixel of preceding display 150 being superimposed with being confirmed as of being shown by rear display 140 with the region quickly moved to light into Row scattering.
Figure 54 C, which is shown, is scattered so that blur effect is applied to selected areas light by what preceding display 150 was realized Example.Blur effect creates depth effect above the image shown by rear display 140.In the example of Figure 54 C, for The area including the object 5406 or image positioned closer to visual field (for example, in the foreground) shown by rear display 140 Domain, preceding display 150 are controlled as transparent.It include further from visual field (for example, carrying on the back for what is shown by rear display 140 In scape) region including the object or image of such as object 5408 etc of positioning, preceding display 150 is controlled as applying mould Paste.For example, preceding display 150 is controllable to the increased fuzzy object being applied to further from visual field.With in visual field away from The increase of the distance of object 5406, blur effect can gradually increase.
In one or more embodiments, blur effect is specified by the signal of reception and registration scattered information.It is one or more its In his embodiment, processor 5008 is able to respond in determining that image meets one or more conditions and dynamically executes image procossing And apply blur effect.In one example, processor 5008 can determine that the object (for example, object 5406) in image occupies It is more than the threshold percentage of visual field shown in image.In this case, processor 5008 can be applied automatically described Fuzzy or another effect, such as halation shown in Figure 54 A.
As illustrative and non-limiting example, processor 5008 is able to respond in detecting portrait images, landscape, food Image etc. and use preceding display 150 to apply effect.When executing image procossing, processor 5008 be able to carry out including (but It is not limited to) operation including following item: Object identifying, face detection and/or identification, by by image and reference image data storehouse Test object, execution optical character identification and/or the text that will test is compared to be compared with glossary.In response to Detect that object, processor 5008 can make preceding display 150 apply one or more visual effects using described technology It is added on identified object.
Figure 54 D shows the scattering that is executed by preceding display 150 to realize the example of privacy filter effect.In Figure 54 D Example in, rear display 140 shows image, and preceding display 150 is scattered by carrying out in region 5410 and 5412 to light It penetrates to create privacy effect, to cover the face and/or identity of people shown in image.The privacy of preceding display 150 filters Device effect is superimposed upon the overlying regions of rear display 140 to be blurred.Effect shown in Figure 54 D is also used as examining Effect is to cover or hide the inappropriate content including textual portions.
In one or more embodiments, processor 5008 is based on receiving on individual channel and/or in received view The scattered information that frequency signal is embedded in determines the region of privacy filter to be applied.In one or more other embodiments, Processor 5008 dynamically identifies the object that privacy filter is applied in image by image procossing, and in response to knowing Not Chu object apply privacy filter.
Figure 54 E shows fuzzy and white enhancing the example for generation layer effect.It is rear aobvious in the example of Figure 54 E Show that device 140 shows image, and preceding display 150 generates the layer in image top.For example, being made by the layer that preceding display 150 generates Fuzzy region 5414 is created with obscuring, and may include that one or more figures or touch control (it is impermeable to be generated as white Bright pixel), such as text 5416.Preceding display 150 may also include substantial transparent subregion 5418, by rear display 140 The image of display can be watched by the subregion 5418.
Figure 54 F- Figure 54 H, which is shown, applies scattering using preceding display 150 to create transition and/or white reinforcing effect Example.The transition effect for showing from Figure 54 F and being moved to Figure 54 G, be moved to Figure 54 H.It is generated by preceding display 150 fuzzy And/or white enhancing can passage at any time be adjusted to and the modified-image or image synchronous that are shown by rear display 150, To create transition effect or movement effects.
Figure 54 I, which is shown, applies scattering using preceding display 150 to create the example of frame effect.Frame effect is similar to The halation effect described in conjunction with Figure 54 A.In the case where frame effect, (it is shown as compared to from the pixel for having maximum fuzzy It is substantially opaque) it is relatively slowly transitioned into substantial transparent pixel, display 150 is before controlling to generate sharper keen side Edge.For example, device 150 displayed as before is generated, region 5420 apply it is the maximum amount of fuzzy, region 5422 be gray level (for example, Moderate obscures), and region 5424 is transparent, so that may be viewed by by the image that rear display 140 is shown.
Figure 54 J, which is shown, applies scattering using preceding display 150 to create the example of grain effect.In the example of Figure 54 J In, it be used to for texture to be added to the image shown by rear display 140 by the scattering that preceding display 150 is realized.
Figure 54 K, which is shown, to be enhanced using the color that white area of the preceding display 150 to image executes to increase contrast Example.For example, the level in response to detecting the environment light more than threshold quantity, display 150 to examine in the picture before controlling It measures to apply on the region of white text and obscure to enhance image.Original image is shown in left side, and due to by preceding display The diffusion of 150 light applied and shown with the enhancing image of increased contrast on right side.Figure 54 K, which is shown, is applied to increasing Add the high bright layers of the text of contrast.
Figure 54 L shows preceding display 150 can generate information band above the image 5432 shown by rear display 140 The example of (ticker tape) 5430.Information band 5430 can provide rolling text and convey information with display 150 before using, Then display 140 can show the image of unprocessed form.
In one or more embodiments, one or more user settings can be stored in and such as store by display 110 In the memory of device 5010 etc.For example, these settings can indicate whether that application scattering is quick to obscure to processor 5008 Sense and/or unsuitable object (including text).In addition, setting can specify how processor 5008 energetically applies herein It is described fuzzy.As noted, in one or more embodiments, increased by stacking additional preceding display 150 The fuzzy amount applied, wherein display 150 can apply mould by being diffused pixel configuration to light before each Paste.
Figure 55 shows the example of display content detection and visual effect application.In the example of Figure 55, image is shown 5502.Image 5502 is displayed on the rear display 140 of equipment 110.Image 5502 includes people and text.In the example of Figure 55 In, processor 5008 can identify the face of the people in image 5502.In addition, processor 5008 can identify in image 5502 Text simultaneously further determines that text is unsuitable.For example, processor 5008 can be by the text in the text and database of identification Originally it is compared.The text of text and database in response to determining image matches, and processor 5008 is it is determined that using examining Effect is looked into cover or the text of blurred picture.
Therefore, processor 5008 can generate the signal of specified scattered information, which causes by preceding display 150 The creation of the image 5504 of display.Other than scattering region 5506 and scattering region 5508, the region of image 5504 is transparent Or it is substantial transparent.Scattering region 5506 is corresponding with the position of the face in image 5502, size and shape.Fringe area Domain 5508 is associated with size, the location and shape of text to cover or limit from image 5502.Processor 5008 is aobvious before making Show that device 150 and image 5502 simultaneously show image 5504, so that privacy effect is applied to face and to unsuitable text It is covered or is limited, as shown in image 5510.Image 5510 is when the display 110 that viewing is operated as described The image that user may be viewed by.
The exemplary method 5600 that Figure 56 shows for realizing display.In one or more embodiments, method 5600 For realizing the display as described in herein in conjunction with Figure 50-Figure 55.
In frame 5602, the first display is provided.First display can show image.In frame 5604, second is provided Display.Second display can be non-emissive and transparent.In addition, second display may include multiple pixels, this is more A pixel is electronic controllable, selectively to diffuse the light generated by the first display.
In one or more embodiments, the first display is emissive display.For example, emissive display can be LCD, light-emitting diode display, light enhancement layer or OLED display.Second display can be polymer color dispersion-type liquid crystal display, electricity Cause color changing display, electric dispersion display, PSLC display, electric moistening display or the LCD including smectic C liquid crystal.
In a particular embodiment, second display includes at least one pixel comprising dyestuff in multiple pixels.
In a particular embodiment, it is superimposed by the region of image that the first display generates with the region of second display, In the selected pixel in the region of second display in multiple pixels be configured as diffusing light.For example, the area White can be presented in domain.
In a particular embodiment, multiple pixels are electronic controllables, with to the light generated by the first display selectively It is diffused, to generate the visual effect for being applied to image.The example of visual effect can include but is not limited to: vignetting, speed Degree, movement, depth, high bright layers, privacy filter, transition, frame, examination, blocking (for example, application is maximum fuzzy) or texture. In a particular embodiment, multiple pixels are electronic controllables, selectively to be diffused to the light generated by the first display, To increase the contrast of image.Second display can also be scattered to light or enhance image.For example, can be to multiple pixels It is electronically controlled selectively to be diffused to the light generated by the first display, to increase the contrast of image.
In frame 5606, processor is optionally provided.It as discussed, may include additional drive circuit.Driving Processor can be couple to the first display and second display by device circuit.In a particular embodiment, processor can extract The scattered information being embedded in image and/or vision signal, to generate the visual effect specified by the scattered information extracted.In spy Determine in embodiment, processor can execute image procossing to vision signal or image substantially in real time, with wanting for detection image Apply the region of visual effect, and control the selected pixel in multiple pixels of second display, to be directed to this region Generate visual effect.
In frame 5608, one or more spacers are provided.Spacer can be set to be shown in the first display and second Between device.Spacer can change the distance between the first display and second display.
In frame 5610, one or more sensors are provided.Sensor can generate sensor information.First display And/or multiple pixels of second display can be based at least partially on sensor information and electronic controllable.In one or more In embodiment, sensor is configured as detection environment light.It that case, multiple pixels can be at least partly that electronics can Control, with level (for example, environment light in response to detecting minimum level) Lai Zengjia image based on the environment light detected Contrast.In one or more embodiments, sensor is configured as the attribute of detection user.Therefore, multiple pixels can be with It is electronic controllable, visual effect is applied to image to be based at least partially on the attribute of user.For example, the attribute of user can To include previous any attribute described in the disclosure.The example for the visual effect that can apply includes but is not limited to: base Font size, enhancing text in attribute (for example, whether age, distance, position and/or user wear glasses) Lai Zengjia text And/or customized information is conveyed on information band).
Figure 57 shows the example operating method 5700 of display.In one or more embodiments, display is implemented To combine example display described in Figure 50-Figure 56.
In frame 5702, image is generated on the first display.In frame 5704, the processor of equipment is optionally from specified Scattered information is extracted in the received vision signal of image.For example, processor can analyze received vision signal.If scattering Information is embedded into video signals, then processor can extract scattered information.
In frame 5706, equipment optionally generates and analyte sensors information.It is, for example, possible to use one or more to sense Device generates sensor information.In frame 5708, image procossing is optionally executed.For example, processor is configured as holding image Row image procossing is with the selected pixel to be adjusted in the multiple electronic controllable pixels of determination to diffuse to light.
In frame 5710, equipment selectively diffuses light using the pixel of second display.For example, using Multiple electronic controllable pixels of two displays are come the associated light of the image that selectively diffuses with generated by the first display.The Two displays can be non-emissive and transparent.
In a particular embodiment, sensor information and/or image procossing are based at least partially on control multiple electronics can Control the selected pixel in pixel.For example, sensor is configured as detection environment light.Therefore, the institute in multiple electronic controllable pixels It selects pixel to can be electronic controllable, increases the comparison of image to be based at least partially on the level of the environment light detected Degree.In another example, sensor is configured as the attribute of detection user.Therefore, the selected picture in multiple electronic controllable pixels Element is based at least partially on the attribute of user and electronic controllable.In a particular embodiment, it is based at least partially on image procossing Control the selected pixel (for example, as processor by executing region determined by image procossing) in multiple electronic controllable pixels. In a particular embodiment, the selected pixel in multiple electronic controllable pixels is controlled as diffusing light selectively to generate It is applied to the visual effect of image and/or light is selectively diffused to increase the contrast of image.
In frame 5712, thus it is possible to vary the interval between preceding display and rear display.In a particular embodiment, based on biography Sensor information and/or the result of image procossing automatically change the interval.For example, increasing light in expectation described herein Under any situation of diffusion, can for example increase in response to detecting specific user property preceding display and rear display it Between interval, with based on environment light level or other conditions increase it is available maximum fuzzy.
In a particular embodiment, equipment shows image, so that one of the field emission image by making the first display Divide and by making the region corresponding with the part of image of second display to the region production by the first display Raw light is diffused the part to show image.Generally, processor determination will be to the one or more that light is diffused The position in region.For example, the position for the diffusion that processor will be applied and the amount coding of diffusion are being generated and provided to In the signal of second (for example, preceding) display.As discussed, it does not need to repair to use preceding display to provide customized content Change original contents.
In a particular embodiment, processor can analyze image (for example, vision signal) and determine image or vision signal Whether includes or specify multimedia and text.In response to determining that image includes multimedia content and text, processor can be controlled Display shows image and/or video letter before display shows the multimedia segment of image and/or vision signal and controls afterwards Number textual portions.By separating multimedia content and the text in shown image, equipment can be with lower power consumption Operation.
Figure 58 shows the example of display equipment 110.In the example of Figure 58, display equipment 110 realizes automatic multiple views Display is capable of providing the view coherent video that can be perceived by the user, without special goggles (eyewear) (for example, Glasses) help.
In the example of Figure 58, display 140 and display 150 are electronic controllables.Display 140 and display 150 It is that pixel is addressable.Example shown in Figure 58 can also include touch input layer (not shown).Display 140 can be by reality It is now active display.For example, display 140 may be implemented as LCD, light-emitting diode display, light enhancement layer or OLED display. Display 150 is formed using two or more displays 150-1 to 150-N.Display 150 may be implemented as one or Multiple transparent displays.In a particular embodiment, display 150 can be referred to as exterior layer.In one or more arrangements, show Show that device 140 and display 150 are aligned as described by the disclosure.For example, the pixel of display 150 and display 140 can be right Standard so that their boundary is above or below each other, and/or make a display pixel transparent region with The addressable area of the pixel of another display is superimposed, and vice versa.
In a particular embodiment, display equipment 110 is configured as realizing that being able to use multiple and different displays generates three Tie up the Stereoscopic type displays of (3D) view.For example, each of display 140 and 150 can show 2D image.On it The particular display 140 or display 150 for showing the given part of image generate 3D view.For example, in display 140 and 150 Each can show the slice of image to provide depth and 3D view.The 3D view presented depend, at least partially, on The corresponding spatial resolution in space between layer.For example, in (x, y, z) coordinate system, x and y coordinates respectively with the left side in layer Right direction and up and down direction are corresponding.By selection display 140 or select the particular display in display 150 (for example, more The particular display of depth or z coordinate is indicated in a display) Lai Shixian z coordinate.
In a particular embodiment, each of display 140 and 150 is implemented as electronic controllable display.For example, every A display 150 may be implemented as in the disclosure it is described light can be reflected, scattered and/or be diffused it is various Any one of bright display.For example, each display 150 may be implemented as PDLC display, electrochromic display device (ECD), Electric dispersion display, electric moistening display, suspended particulate equipment, ITO display or in its any phase (for example, nematic, TN, STN, cholesteric or SmA) LCD or any LC display.Furthermore it is possible to the pixels of one or more displays 150 into Row dyeing.Each display 150 is that pixel is addressable, to show transparence into scattering, reflection, absorption or therebetween any Intercaste.For example, each display 150 is electronic controllable, it is anti-to be carried out to environment light and/or from the light of back light or headlight It penetrates, scatter or absorbs.Display 140 may be implemented as color monitor.In another example, display 140 can be by reality The now display for different luminous intensities can be generated for different pixels.
In a particular embodiment, display equipment 110 can be realized the configuration of the parallax including one or more disparity barriers.? In parallax configuration, display equipment 110 can show different images to different viewpoints.For example, can be shown on display 140 Diagram picture.The image shown on display 140 includes two or more spatial reuse images wherein.Each spatial reuse Image can be watched from different viewpoints.In a particular embodiment, viewpoint is corresponding with the eyes of user, to generate 3D figure Picture.In a particular embodiment, viewpoint is corresponding with the position of different user, and different people is seen simultaneously and is set by display The different images of standby 110 display.In the latter case, everyone based on the people relative to display equipment 110 viewpoint simultaneously See different images.
In parallax configuration, each display 150 may be implemented as in the disclosure it is described can be in specific direction On light is stopped, diffused and/or is scattered to be formed for creating each of one or more disparity barriers that light field is shown Any one of kind type of display.It is addressable that each display 150 can be pixel, with show transparence to scattering, Reflection, absorption or any intergrade therebetween.For example, each display 150 is electronic controllable, to environment light and/or to come It reflected, scattered or is absorbed from the light of back light or headlight.It in one or more embodiments, can be in display 150 One or more is all dyed.
Solid type configuration or parallax configuration in, in a particular embodiment, display 110 be included in display 140 and/or Optional spacer between display 150.As being generally described herein with reference to Figure 50, spacer can optionally be included Between adjacent pairs of display 150.In alternative embodiments, it is convenient to omit some spacers, so that some pairs of phases Adjacent display has spacer, and other pairs of adjacent displays do not have spacer.It can realize Stereoscopic type displays Embodiment in and/or realize parallax configuration embodiment in use spacer.
In a particular embodiment, spacer may be implemented as solid and be held to create between display it is specific away from From.In a particular embodiment, the separation distance between adjacent displays is mechanically adjusted it is, for example, possible to use motor.? In specific embodiment, it is, for example, possible to use piezoelectric actuators electronically to adjust the separation distance between adjacent displays.
It, can be in display equipment in the specific embodiment of separation distance between adjustable at least a pair of of adjacent displays The adjusting is dynamically controlled during 110 operation.For example, processor can control be used to adjust for separation distance machinery and/ Or electronic mechanism, to compensate and/or modify the output of display equipment 110.Separation distance between two adjacent displays can be with Liquid filled with air gap or index matching.
In the example of Figure 58, drive circuit 5804 receives control signal 5802.In response to controlling signal 5802, driving Device circuit 5804 can generate the driving signal of driving display 150.Control signal 5802 keeps the control of drive circuit 5804 aobvious Show device 150 to realize Stereoscopic type displays, one or more disparity barriers or Stereoscopic type displays and one or more parallax screens Both barrier (for example, simultaneously).Drive circuit 5808 receives control signal 5806.In response to controlling signal 5806, driver electricity Road 5808 can generate the driving signal that can drive display 140.Control signal 5806 keeps the control of drive circuit 5808 aobvious Show device 140.
For illustrative and not limiting purpose, drive circuit 5804 receives control signal 5802, the control signal 5802 Drive circuit 5804 is set to transmit driving signal, it is different which show that display 150 to two or more users Content, and/or so that each of two or more transparent displays stopped to light, diffused or scattered so that Multiple users can see different contents from different viewpoints over the display simultaneously.For example, shown by display equipment 110 Each spatial reuse image in image can be watched from specific viewpoint.In this way, if each of multiple users are located at Different points of view in viewpoint, then each user is it can be seen that be directed to the spatial reuse image of the viewpoint, for example, different contents.
Display 140 is by being configured as the displays of multiple Stereoscopic type displays and/or one or more disparity barrier 150 filterings, to form multiple and different content images (for example, different spatial reuse images), multiple different content graph As that can be shown at corresponding multiple and different positions to multiple users simultaneously.For example, first group of pixel in display 140 can Be used to generate the content images 1 (for example, first spatial reuse image) shown to the user 1 at position 1, second group of pixel The content images 2 (for example, second space multiplexing image) shown to the user 2 at position 2, and third can be used to generate Group pixel can be used to generate the content images 3 (for example, third spatial reuse image) shown to the user 3 at position 3, etc. Deng.
Light from display 140 can be blocked or pass through display 150 (for example, multiple Stereoscopic type displays/parallaxes Barrier), so that creation is shown to two or more different users of two or more different corresponding positions simultaneously Multiple and different content images.For example, 1 quilt of content images can be made by passing through the blocking of 150 pairs of light of display or passing through The user 1 being shown at position 1, but content images 1 can be made to be not displayed to the user 2 at position 2 or the use at position 3 Family 3.Alternatively or additionally, the light from display 140 can be blocked or pass through display 150, so as to multiple transparent The place each of display 150-1 to 150-N creates image slice, to mention to be shown to the image of one or more users For depth and 3D effect.
Figure 59 shows the exploded view that the example parallax of display equipment 110 is realized.In the example of Figure 59, display 140 Show two different spatial reuse images.The pixel or region for being marked as " L " indicate can watch from viewpoint 5902 first The part of image, wherein the centrally located left side of viewpoint 5902 when before towards display 110.It is marked as " R " Pixel or region indicate the part for the second image that can be watched from viewpoint 5904, wherein should when before towards display 110 The centrally located right side of viewpoint 5904.
As shown, display 150 realizes disparity barrier.In the example of Figure 59, one in display 150 is illustrated as Disparity barrier.As shown, the display 150 as disparity barrier generates the region in penetrating (transparent) region and black.Control Display 150 processed is in particular directions to stop light, be diffused and/or be scattered.In this way, people only see from viewpoint 5902 To the part " L " corresponding with the first image.From viewpoint 5904, people only see the part " R " corresponding with the second image.? In specific arrangements, the interval in the region in display 140 and 150 is so that viewpoint 5902 and 5904 indicates the position of human eye.At this In the case of kind, each eye of user sees different images simultaneously, to generate 3D effect based on two shown images.
In specific arrangements, region (for example, L and R) and the interval in the region in display 150 in display 140 can With bigger, the different location for allowing viewpoint 5902 and 5904 to indicate that different people stands simultaneously.It that case, working as When watching before display 110, that stands at viewpoint 5902 the first sees the first image.When before display 110 When viewing, the second image is seen with the first the second people simultaneously to stand at viewpoint 5904 at viewpoint 5902 that stands.In this way, working as The first to be located at viewpoint 5902 and the second people is when being located at viewpoint 5904, everyone sees different images simultaneously.
Figure 60 A- Figure 60 C shows the exemplary diagram of the parallax configuration of the display equipment 110 of Figure 59.Figure 60 A, which is shown, to be worked as The content that people when watching before display equipment 110 at viewpoint 5902 sees.The people sees the first figure from viewpoint 5902 Picture.In the people that Figure 60 B shows when watching before display 110 between viewpoint 5902 and viewpoint 5904 sees Hold.Figure 60 C shows the content that the people when watching before display 110 at viewpoint 5904 sees.The people is from view Point 5904 sees the second image, is different from the first image.Equally, the people at viewpoint 5902 be located at viewpoint 5904 at Second people sees that the second image simultaneously sees the first image.
In a particular embodiment, additional disparity barrier layer can be added to display 110.As described above, display 150 Such as it can be formed by one or more different layers.By adding additional disparity barrier layer, display 110 can simultaneously to User at different points of view shows more than two different spatial reuse images.
Figure 61 shows the exemplary exploded view that the solid type of the display 110 of Figure 58 is realized.In the example of Figure 61, show Show that device 110 can generate 3D rendering.As shown, display 110 include layer 6102,6104,6104,6106,6108,6110, 6112,6114,6116,6118 and 6120.For example, layer 6102 may be implemented in display 140.Layer may be implemented in display 150 6104,6104,6106,6108,6110,6112,6114,6116,6118 and 6120.As shown, layer 6102-6120 is shown jointly Show the 3D view of sphere.For example, using processor and suitable interface/drive circuit (for example, unshowned display controls Device), layer 6102-6120 is electronic controllable.In this example, each of layer 6102-6120 is that pixel is addressable, To show different slices or the part of sphere (for example, will be with image of 3D display).
In the example of Figure 61, display equipment 110 may include backlight or headlamp.In the case where headlamp, show Show that equipment 110 can also include side illuminating layer.In addition, display equipment 110 may include one or more colour filters.In specific reality It applies in example, colour filter can be one of RGB color filter arrangement as shown in combination Figure 17 and Figure 18 A- Figure 18 E or a variety of. The example filter configuration of Figure 17 and Figure 18 A- Figure 18 E can be used between the exemplary layer of Stereoscopic type displays.
Figure 62 shows another example of color filter arrangement.In the example of Figure 62, color filter arrangement be cyan, yellow, Yellow and magenta.The example filter configuration of Figure 52 can be used between the exemplary layer of Stereoscopic type displays.
Figure 63 shows another example of color filter arrangement.In the example of Figure 63, color filter arrangement be cyan, yellow, Green and magenta.The example filter configuration of Figure 63 can be used between the exemplary layer of Stereoscopic type displays.
Figure 64 shows another example display device 110.In the example of Figure 64, including processor 6402.As shown, Processor 6402 is couple to sensor 3706 and is couple to drive circuit 5804 and 5808.Sensor 3706 may be implemented as Any one of described (for example, with reference to described in Figure 37) various types of sensor in the disclosure.For example, One or more of sensor 3706 is able to detect being physically present, the distance of user to display 110, showing equipment for user The position of user in 110 preset distance, the quantity of the preset range of display 110 or the user in distance and/or user Identity.As described herein, one or more of sensor 3706 is able to detect the attribute of user.One or more real It applies in example, one or more sensors 3706 are able to detect beacon associated with the user, to determine the identity of user.It should Understand, it can be in the disclosure in any one of described various embodiments discussed to the determination of user identity Use the sensor for being able to detect beacon.One or more sensors be able to detect light (e.g., including light including environment light Intensity).
In a particular embodiment, one or more of sensor 3706 is implemented as generally described in conjunction with Figure 47 Camera.Processor 6402 is operable as control display 140 and display 150.For example, what processor 6402 can be calculated as pair Separation distance between adjacent layer, and the separation distance is adjusted by control spacer.Processor 6402 can also be analyzed The image data obtained from camera sensor is to track the position and/or orientation of user, and/or executes and be located at display equipment 110 The gaze detection of user in the visual field of the camera of front (for example, in the cone).Based on the analysis, processor 6402 can be calculated The separation distance between separation distance and adjustment layer between layer is to realize separation distance calculated.
In a particular embodiment, camera can be contained in computer vision system.Computer vision system can make User is tracked with face recognition, to determine the identity and/or viewpoint (for example, direction of gaze or visual angle) of user.At one or In multiple embodiments, one or more of sensor 3706 may include Wave beam forming antenna.Wave beam forming antenna can be held Row RFID interrogation, to provide the conclusive data for being used for user's identifying purpose from the equipment or ticket (ticket) that enable RFID.? In one or more embodiments, Wave beam forming antenna can be via such as bluetoothᆶ、WiFiTMOr the short distance of another RF agreement etc The phone of user is inquired from wireless communication protocol.System including camera may be used to determine whether user relative to display equipment The identity of 110 orientation or position, eye position, direction of gaze and user.In one or more embodiments, processor 6402 The model and sensor geometries of customer position information and display equipment 110 can be combined to calculate each user's It watches frustum (frustum).
Processor 6402 can be based at least partially on sensor information to control display 140 and/or control display Any one or more of 150 or whole.For example, processor 6402 can calculate image and exposure mask using sensor information (disparity barrier) is to provide a user private display (that is, can only display in user depending on watching in axial narrow angle Device).For example, processor 6402 is able to use multiple source images and desired viewpoint as input, spatially again by source images With at the spatial reuse image shown on display 140 and/or display 150.In this way, display equipment 110 is automatic more views The example of point display, because display 110 is capable of providing view coherent video without special goggles.
Figure 65 shows for realizing the exemplary method 6500 of display equipment.In frame 6502, the first display is provided.The One display can generate image.
In frame 6504, multiple transparent displays are provided.Each of multiple transparent displays can generate image and cut Piece is can stop light to image offer depth and at least one of 3D effect or multiple transparent displays, be overflow It penetrates or scatters, so that the different user in multiple users sees different contents on the display device.
In a particular embodiment, each transparent display is substantial transparent.In a particular embodiment, two it is transparent aobvious Show that at least one of device is made using smectic C liquid crystal.
On the one hand, each display includes multiple pixels.
In a particular embodiment, the slice of image is generated, at each of multiple transparent displays place to mention to image For depth and 3D effect, and at least one of multiple transparent displays stop light, diffused or are scattered, so that more Different user in a user sees different contents on 3D display device.
In one or more embodiments, the first display is emissive display, and multiple transparent display right and wrong Emissive display.In one example, it is transparent to be at least 90% for each non-emissive display.Non-emissive display can To have about 90% or higher transparency.For example, each non-emissive display can have about 95% transparency. Emissive display may be implemented as LCD, the LCD including smectic C liquid crystal, light-emitting diode display, light enhancement layer or OLED and show Device.
In a particular embodiment, at least one pixel of at least one non-emissive display includes dyestuff.In specific reality It applies in example, at least one pixel in multiple pixels of at least one non-emissive display does not include dyestuff and presents basic Upper white.In a particular embodiment, at least one pixel in multiple pixels of at least one non-emissive display includes The liquid crystal of granular dyes, liquid crystal droplet or non-emissive display.In a particular embodiment, each in multiple transparent displays A includes multiple portions emission type pixel, wherein each part emission type pixel includes addressable area and penetrating region.
In frame 6506, processor is optionally provided.Processor can be couple to drive circuit, can also provide the drive Dynamic device circuit.
In frame 6508, one or more spacers are optionally provided.In a particular embodiment, spacer is controllable, To change the distance between continuous display in display.For example, spacer can be controlled by processor.For example, spacer It can be configured as by mechanical device (for example, transmission device or track), electronic device (for example, motor) or via vibration (for example, piezo-electric device) provides variable interval.Spacer can be used in Stereoscopic type displays configuration or parallax configuration One or both.Different displays can have different intervals.In one or more embodiments, processor can be dynamically The interval between different continuous displays is modified, to modify the cone of user in parallax configures.
In frame 6510, one or more sensors are optionally provided.Sensor can generate sensor information.For example, Sensor information is based at least partially on to adjust at least one pixel in multiple pixels of at least one display.
In a particular embodiment, sensor information include between each user in multiple users and display equipment away from From, and adjust based on the distance at least one pixel in multiple pixels.In a particular embodiment, sensor information is specified The quantity of the multiple users detected in the preset distance of display equipment, and the selected pixel in multiple pixels is at least partly Quantity of the ground based on user and be adjusted so that each user in multiple users sees different contents.For example, processor energy It is enough adjusted based on the quantity of the user detected parallax layer and/or multiple parallax layers (e.g., including realize new or additional Parallax layer), it enables each user to watch different contents, and each user can only watch in the user Hold.
In a particular embodiment, sensor information includes one or more users in the preset distance of display equipment Position.Processor can be based at least partially on the position of user to adjust one or more of multiple pixels.For example, processing Device can adjust parallax layer and/or multiple based on the position of the quantity of the user detected and/or each user detected Parallax layer (e.g., including realize new or additional parallax layer), it enables each user to watch different contents, and every A user can only watch the content for the user.
In a particular embodiment, sensor information specifies the identity of the user in multiple users, and at least one shows Selected pixel in multiple pixels of device is based at least partially on the identity of user and is adjusted.For example, in response to identifying use Family, processor can show the content specific to the user.For example, processor is by being able to access that the shifting of user using sensor Mobile phone is to access purchasing history, preference, browser history, call, upcoming appointment and/or other information.Place Reason device can select content related to user based on identified identity and for user's any other information obtained.
In a particular embodiment, sensor information specifies one in multiple users in the preset distance of display equipment Or one or more attributes of multiple users.Therefore, show the processor of equipment can be based at least partially on a user or Selected pixel in multiple pixels of the one or more attributes of multiple users to adjust at least one display.For example, response In the height for determining user, processor can adjust the visual angle of the content shown in display equipment 110, and user is seen See the content to watch at the viewpoint locating for the user.The attribute of user may include any attribute described herein, packet It includes but is not limited to: physical features, such as age；Whether user wears glasses；And other attributes described herein.In specific reality It applies in example, the spatial reuse image to show to the user can be modified based on the attribute of specific user.For example, detecting use Family, which is worn glasses, can make processor be directed to the size that the user increases spatial reuse image, or increases space for the user and answer With the size of the text in image.
Figure 66 shows the example operating method 6600 of display equipment.In frame 6602, display equipment uses the first display Device (for example, rear display) shows image.In frame 6604, display equipment passes through in each of multiple transparent displays The upper slice for generating image shows image, to provide depth and 3D effect to image, or using in multiple transparent displays At least one light associated with image is stopped, diffused or is scattered so that the different user in multiple users is wrapping It includes and sees the different content derived from image in the display equipment of the first display and multiple transparent displays.Each transparence display Device can be substantial transparent.At least one of two transparent displays are made using smectic C liquid crystal.
In a particular embodiment, each display includes multiple electronic controllable pixels.Therefore, it is based at least partially on sensing Device information adjusts the appearances of one or more pixels in multiple electronic controllable pixels.Sensor information can be is retouched herein Any one of different types of sensor information stated either is related to user, environment light or other data.For example, In response to handling sensor information, processor can adjust the appearance of one or more pixels of one or more displays.It passes Sensor information can be user at a distance from display, the quantity of user, the identity of user or other information as described herein.
In this example, sensor information designated user (for example, multiple users) is at a distance from display equipment.Therefore, pass through The upper slice for generating image of each of multiple transparent displays come show image or to light associated with image into Row stops, diffusion or scattering may include: to be based at least partially on the distance to adjust multiple electronics of at least one display At least one pixel in controllable pixel.
In another example, sensor information specifies the number of the multiple users detected in the preset distance of display equipment Amount.Therefore, by the upper slice for generating image of each of multiple transparent displays come show image or to image It may include: to be based at least partially on the quantity of multiple users to adjust at least that associated light, which is stopped, diffused or scattered, Selected pixel in multiple electronic controllable pixels of one display so that each user in multiple users see it is different interior Hold.
In another example, sensor information specifies the attribute of the selected user in multiple users.Therefore, by multiple The upper slice for generating image of each of transparent display come show image or light associated with image is stopped, Diffusion or scattering may include: to be based at least partially on the attribute of selected user to adjust multiple electronics of at least one display Selected pixel in controllable pixel.
As discussed, by the upper slice for generating image of each of multiple transparent displays come show image and Light associated with image is stopped, diffused or scattered using at least one of multiple transparent displays can be by simultaneously It executes.For example, processor can control display 140 and display 150 generates three-dimensional view and creates one or more parallaxes Layer, allows multiple and different users at different location to watch the different 3D contents presented by display equipment simultaneously, for example, empty Between the 3D rendering that is multiplexed.
As illustrative and non-limiting example, can based on user at a distance from display and/or the attribute of user come It adjusts the font size for example under stereoscopic Model in image or the font in parallax configuration in spatial reuse image is big It is small.In response to determine minimum range of the user away from display such as in response to determine user be at least minimal ages and/or It wears glasses, font size can be increased under the control of a processor.In another example, processor can be based in response to detection To the identity of user, user at a distance from display equipment or the user preference of other attributes of user and determination come apply effect, Image scaling, color adjustment and/or enhancing or other image procossings.
In another example, processor can be moved based on the image that the visual angle of user shows one or more displays Position.This displacement may include that the image shown to the display by realization parallax layer shifts.In another example, it shows Device 140 can be controlled by processor, to show the image with different content for each user detected.In addition, processing Device can control one or more of display 150 to realize disparity barrier based on the quantity of the user detected, so as to In showing different contents to each user detected.For example, processor quantity based on the user detected and can mention The different content of each this user is supplied to increase the quantity for the display for being used as disparity barrier.For example, with parallax screen The quantity of barrier increases, and angular selectivity and spatial image resolution also increase, to mean that user will experience higher figure The privacy of image quality amount and enhancing.
In a particular embodiment, one or more sensors are able to detect the direction of motion of user.It is passed in response to receiving Sensor information, processor can based on the user detected just relative to display equipment walking or advance direction come provide to The content of family customization.
For example, in the case where showing that equipment 110 is located in airport, railway station or other accesses, side that user is just walking To the possibility destination that can indicate user.The user to walk towards the gate of airport building may plan to multiply flight takeoff simultaneously And departure time table can be shown as content.User far from gate walking possibly off airport and/or proceeds to luggage Get place.Processor can be provided to the user about the map or information wherein picked up one's luggage for different flights.It uses Parallax realizes that the user for walking or advancing along different directions sees different contents.
Other than the direction that user is traveling at, if display can from the mobile phone access information of user, This information can be used to select the specific content shown to user, no matter advertisement, map, the context letter dated next time Breath etc..As discussed, in parallax realization, the user that cannot be located at other positions to customized content is watched, and It and is therefore opposite secret.
It should be appreciated that each of various embodiments described herein, no matter optical projection system, color enhancement layer, vision Effect layer, Stereoscopic type displays and/or disparity barrier are realized, can include and/or including any combination of various sensors In any sensor.The sensor information of generation can be used to adjust for the image shown by any display, no matter pass through Apply color correction, synchronization, the alignment of image in stack layer, displacement image, adjustment brightness, reduction and/or increases display Power (brightness), focusedimage, zoom in or out image, displaying format customization content, change content and/or based on user away from Quantity from, the position of user, the identity of user and/or the user detected applies visual effect.
In a particular embodiment, display as described herein 150 (for example, one or more displays) can with it is various Any display in other displays 140 together by comprising.Display 150 can be controlled by processor to execute various differences Any operation in operation.In illustrative and non-limiting example, one or more of display 150 or all can be by It is set as operating with transparent operation mode, wherein pixel is controlled as transparent.One or more is detected in response to sensor A user, processor can activate disparity barrier mould by realizing disparity barrier in one or more of display 150 Formula.As discussed, the quantity for the disparity barrier realized depends on the quantity of the user detected.Thus, it is only required to respond It is regarded in detecting that user's (for example, in specific frustum of display equipment and/or apart from interior) calls dynamically as needed Poor barrier is realized.In the case where not detecting user in given range or region, display equipment 110 can be used as conventional aobvious Show that device operates, wherein display 150 keeps transparent.
In one or more other embodiments, preceding display 150 (for example, individual monitor) can be added to existing Display (for example, rear display 140).For example, in automatic vending machine or other displays periodically used by many different users In the case where device, the surface of display may due to frequently using and be easily destroyed and/or dirty or contaminated.In this example In, the preceding display 150 that may be implemented as touch-screen display is that rear display 140 provides protection, and rear display 140 can be with It is higher-quality display.For example, preceding display 150 can be replaced when being destroyed, then display 140 keeps operation Property is simultaneously protected.
In one or more embodiments, preceding display 150 (for example, one or more displays) can be positioned in mirror Above part or mirror surface.When present displays 150 are configured as transparent, mirror images or mirror surface are visible to user.? In specific embodiment, preceding display 150 is implemented as touch screen.It that case, can be in response to touch from the user And the preceding display 150 for keeping transparent is activated, to show content to user.Therefore, content is superimposed on mirror images or mirror list Above face.
Term used herein is limited just for the sake of description specific embodiment without being intended to.Although such as This, will propose several definition through this document application now.
Computer readable storage medium refer to include or storage program code storage medium, the program code is by instructing System, device or equipment is executed to use or be used in conjunction with instruction execution system, device or equipment.As defined herein , " computer readable storage medium " is not temporary transmitting signal.Computer readable storage medium can be but unlimited In: electronic storage device, magnetic storage apparatus, optical storage apparatus, electric magnetic storage apparatus, semiconductor memory apparatus or aforementioned device Any suitable combination.Memory as described herein is the example of computer readable storage medium.Computer-readable storage The more specific exemplary non-exhaustive list of medium may include: portable computer diskette, hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EPROM (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable optic disk read-only storage (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD), memory stick, floppy disk etc..
In appropriate circumstances, computer readable storage medium may include: one or more based on semiconductor or its His integrated circuit (IC) (for example, field programmable gate array (FPGA) or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), hard disk drive (HDD), Hybrid hard disk (HHD), CD, CD drive (ODD), magneto-optic disk, MO drive, floppy disk, floppy disk drive (FDD), magnetic Band, solid state drive (SSD), ram driver, safe digital card or driver, any other it is suitable it is computer-readable it is non-temporarily When property storage medium or any suitable combination of two or more in these.In appropriate circumstances, computer can Reading non-transitory storage medium can be volatibility, non-volatile or volatile and non-volatile combination.
Herein, be otherwise noted unless expressly stated otherwise, or by context, otherwise "or" be inclusive rather than It is exclusive.Therefore, it is otherwise noted unless expressly stated otherwise, or by context, otherwise herein, " A or B " means " A, B or both ".In addition, being otherwise noted unless expressly stated otherwise, or by context, otherwise "and" is common and individual 's.Therefore, it is otherwise noted unless expressly stated otherwise, or by context, otherwise " A and B " means that " A and B are common herein Ground or respectively ".
Term " processor " refers at least one hardware circuit.Hardware circuit can be configured as execution and be included in program Instruction in code.Hardware circuit can be integrated circuit.The example of processor includes but is not limited to: central processing unit (CPU), array processor, vector processor, digital signal processor (DSP), field programmable gate array (FPGA), programmable Logic array (PLA), specific integrated circuit (ASIC), programmable logic circuit and controller.
As herein defined, term " real-time " means that user or system fully sense the specific place to be carried out immediately Reason or the processing responsiveness determined are horizontal, or enable a processor to keep up with the processing responsiveness level of some external procedures.Such as As defined herein, term " user " indicates the mankind.
As herein defined, based on context, term " if " expression " and when ... when " or " ... when " or " response In ... " or " response ... ".Therefore, based on context, phrase " if it is determined that " or " if detecting [condition or event] " It can be construed as to imply that " when in determination ... " or " in response to determination ... " or " when detecting [condition or event] " Or " in response to detecting [condition or event] " or " response detects [condition or event] ".
As herein defined, term " one embodiment ", " embodiment " or similar language mean to combine the embodiment Described a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is included within the present disclosure at least one described embodiment.Therefore, run through The disclosure occur the phrase " in one embodiment ", " in embodiment ", " in a particular embodiment ", " in one or more In embodiment " and similar language can with but be not necessarily all referring to identical embodiment.
Term " substantially " means not needing strictly to realize described characteristic, parameter or value, but can there is no harm in Hinder and occur deviation or variation in the amount of the expected effect to be provided of characteristic, including such as tolerance, measurement error, measurement accuracy limit System and other factors known to those skilled in the art.
Term first, second etc. can be used herein to describe various elements.Unless otherwise indicated or context separately have it is bright Really explanation, otherwise these elements should not be limited by these terms, because these terms are only used to by an element and another member Element distinguishes.
Computer program product may include one or more computer readable storage mediums, and have holds processor thereon The computer-readable program instructions of row each aspect of the present invention.In the disclosure, term " program code " can be with term as stored " computer-readable program instructions " or " instruction " in memory are used interchangeably.
For keeping explanation simple and clear purpose, element shown in the drawings is not necessarily drawn to scale.For example, in order to clear The size of Chu Qijian, some elements can be amplified relative to other elements.In addition, if thinking suitable, then among the figures Repeat reference numerals are to indicate corresponding, similar or similar feature.
All devices or step that can be found in the appended claims add the counter structure of functional element, material Material, movement and equivalent are intended to include executes the function with other claimed elements such as special requirement protection with being combined Any structure, material or movement.
The scope of the present disclosure cover those skilled in the art will appreciate that all of the example embodiment to this paper change Change, replacement, modification, change and modification.The scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the example embodiment for being described herein or showing.In addition, to the greatest extent Each embodiment herein is described or is shown as to include specific component, element, function, operation or step by the pipe disclosure, But any embodiment in these embodiments may include those skilled in the art will appreciate that, this paper it is any its Any combination or displacement of his place description and any component, element, function, operation or the step that show.In addition, in appended power Benefit refers to that the component of device or system or device or system is suitable for, is arranged to, can, be configured as, make it possible in requiring It is enough, can be used to or operate for executing specific function include the device, system, component, no matter itself or specific function whether It is activated, connects or unlocks, as long as the device, system or component are suitable for, are arranged to, can, be configured as, make it possible to Enough, it can be used to or operate for such.

Claims (15)

1. a kind of display equipment, comprising:
First display is configured as generating image；And
Multiple transparent displays；
Wherein, each of the multiple transparent display is configured as generating the slice of described image to mention to described image For at least one of depth and 3-D effect or the multiple transparent display be configured as stop, diffusion or scattering with The associated light of described image generated by first display, so that the different user in multiple users is seen from by described Different content derived from the described image that first display generates；
Wherein, each of described transparent display is substantially transparent；And
Wherein, at least one of the multiple transparent display is manufactured using smectic C liquid crystal.
2. display equipment according to claim 1, wherein each display includes multiple electronic controllable pixels.
3. display equipment according to claim 2, further includes:
Sensor is configurable to generate sensor information, wherein it is described to adjust to be based at least partially on the sensor information At least one pixel in display in the multiple pixel of at least one display.
4. display equipment according to claim 3, wherein the sensor information specifies the user in the multiple user To the distance of the display equipment, and at least one pixel described in being adjusted in the multiple pixel based on the distance.
5. display equipment according to claim 3, wherein the sensor information is specified selected in the multiple user Position of the user relative to the display equipment, and adjusted based on the visual angle for the selected user for using the position to determine At least one described pixel in whole the multiple pixel is realized with adjustment by least one of the multiple transparent display Disparity barrier.
6. display equipment according to claim 3, wherein the sensor information was specified in the predetermined of the display equipment The quantity of the multiple user apart from interior detection, and it is described to adjust to be based at least partially on the quantity of the multiple user Selected pixel in multiple pixels, so that each user in the multiple user sees different content.
7. display equipment according to claim 3, wherein the sensor information is specified selected in the multiple user The attribute of user, and be based at least partially on the attribute of the selected user and shown to adjust at least one in the display Selected pixel in the multiple pixel of device.
8. display equipment according to claim 1, wherein each of the multiple transparent display is configured as producing The slice of described image is given birth to provide depth and 3-D effect to described image, and described in the multiple transparent display At least one is configured as stopping, diffuse or scattering light associated with the described image generated by first display, makes The different user obtained in the multiple user sees the different content derived from the described image generated by first display.
9. display equipment according to claim 1, wherein first display is emissive display, and described Each transparent display in multiple transparent displays is non-emissive display.
10. display equipment according to claim 9, in which: it is transparent that each non-emissive display is at least 90%；And And the emissive display is liquid crystal display, light emitting diode indicator, light enhancement layer or organic light-emitting diode display Device.
11. display equipment according to claim 9, wherein at least one display in the non-emissive display At least one pixel in the multiple pixel includes dyestuff.
12. display equipment according to claim 1, wherein each of the multiple transparent display includes multiple Part emission type pixel, wherein each part emission type pixel includes addressable area and penetrating region.
13. a kind of method, comprising:
It is provided arranged to generate the first display of image；And
Multiple transparent displays are provided；
Wherein, each of the multiple transparent display is configured as generating the slice of described image to mention to described image For at least one of depth and 3-D effect or the multiple transparent display be configured as stop, diffusion or scattering with The associated light of described image generated by first display, so that the different user in multiple users is seen from by described Different content derived from the described image that first display generates；Wherein, each of described transparent display is substantially Transparent；And wherein, at least one of the multiple transparent display is manufactured using smectic C liquid crystal.
14. according to the method for claim 13, wherein each display includes multiple electronic controllable pixels.
15. according to the method for claim 14, further includes: it is provided arranged to generate the sensor of sensor information, In, the sensor information is based at least partially on to adjust the multiple pixel of at least one display in the display In at least one pixel.
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US62/362,536 2016-07-14
US15/629,091 2017-06-21
US15/629,091 US10565925B2 (en) 2014-02-07 2017-06-21 Full color display with intrinsic transparency
US15/649,587 US10554962B2 (en) 2014-02-07 2017-07-13 Multi-layer high transparency display for light field generation
US15/649,587 2017-07-13
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