CN109477765A - Device is practiced in fastening, method is practiced in fastening, program is practiced in fastening and fastening practice system - Google Patents

Device is practiced in fastening, method is practiced in fastening, program is practiced in fastening and fastening practice system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109477765A
CN109477765A CN201780040335.8A CN201780040335A CN109477765A CN 109477765 A CN109477765 A CN 109477765A CN 201780040335 A CN201780040335 A CN 201780040335A CN 109477765 A CN109477765 A CN 109477765A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
bolt
fastening
axial force
practiced
nut
Prior art date
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CN201780040335.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
山边雅之
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Co Walka
Nihon Valqua Kogyo KK
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Co Walka
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/24Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B19/00Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass

Abstract

Realize the raising of the tightening technology of the screw bolt and nut of operator.Multiple bolts (4-1,4-2 ... 4-N) is included, they are arranged in a manner of it can fasten;Axial force transducer (sensor 10-1,10-2 ... 10-N, load cell 24), detection is applied to the axial force (F) of each bolt;And comparison unit (information processing unit 12, PC 28), the identification information (76) of each bolt is associated with detection axial force and the detection axial force each bolt is compared.Thereby, it is possible to be fastened with fastening force appropriate to screw bolt and nut, can be improved by the safety of secure component.

Description

Device is practiced in fastening, method is practiced in fastening, program is practiced in fastening and fastening practice system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the practice technologies experienced and learn to carry out the fastening processing of screw bolt and nut with fastening tool.
Background technique
About the terminal operation of the screw bolt and nut for the mutual fastening of component, determined by the material of component, size etc. Component intensity and power corresponding with the type of bolt, nut input condition it is critically important.The excessive input power the case where Under, it is possible to lead to the breakage of component, fracture of bolt etc., it is tight in addition to screw bolt and nut on the contrary, in hypodynamic situation Gu generating other than relaxation, it is also possible to which the fastening for falling into component such as is released from the states.Experience of the input condition of power by operator Influence.
Fastening about such bolt is experienced, just like under type: being formed with the different screw thread of diameter by configuring up and down The rotation permission portion in hole, the configuration load sensor between the rotation permission portion carry out the bolt through the load cell Fastening, so as to the correlativity between the torque value experiencing the axial force of bolt and be applied to tool (for example, patent document 1)。
Prior art document
Patent document
Patent document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2015-90359 bulletin
Summary of the invention
Subject to be solved by the invention
In addition, in the terminal operation of screw bolt and nut, as long as being not that will appreciate that the torque applied via tool Value just can be realized optimal fastening, and it is also critically important for grasping the difference of the surface state of bolt, nut.Due to surface state The fastening force of difference, the axial force, i.e. bolts and nuts that act on bolt can generate difference.The surface state be, for example, relative to The difference etc. of the frictional resistance of the contact surface of bolts and nuts.Although in the case where generating friction between the parts, in the contact Lubriation material is coated on face or the coating etc. of resistance is reduced using the screw bolt and nut of the less material of resistance or implementation Processing, but its functional effect disunity.There are the following problems: if not considering the difference of such surface state and being fastened Tightening state appropriate can not then be become, and play the fastening function of bolt/nut with being unable to fully.
In addition, about the fastening experience made in the real machine of the fastening such as flange object Part between, it is tight due to will receive Gu the influence of the thickness of object Part, material etc., so in the presence of being difficult to experience the difference due to the surface state of screw bolt and nut The different projects of caused tightening state.
Therefore, in view of the above subject, it is an object of the invention to realize the tightening technology of the screw bolt and nut of operator It improves.
In addition, other purposes of the invention are that the influence for making the surface state of screw bolt and nut to fastening visualizes.
Means for solving the problems
In order to achieve the above objectives, according to the present invention to fasten the one aspect for practicing device, multiple bolts, they are set It is set to and is able to carry out fastening;Axial force transducer, detection are applied to the axial force of each bolt;And comparison unit, it will be each The identification information of bolt is associated with detection axial force and compares between the detection axial force each bolt.
In order to achieve the above objectives, according to the present invention to fasten the one aspect for practicing device, comprising: multiple bolts, it Screw thread surface state it is different;Axial force transducer, to because use fastening tool carry out nut fastening due in institute The axial force generated on bolt is stated to be detected;And processing unit, receive the sensor from the axial force transducer Output keeps the identification information of the surface state comprising the bolt associated with detected axial force, and generates expression The comparative pattern of the size of the respective axial force of bolt exports.
It is practiced in device in above-mentioned fastening, it is possible to have display unit, the display unit are connect with the processing unit, Show the comparative pattern received from the processing unit output.
It is practiced in device in above-mentioned fastening, is also possible to the fastening and practices device with bearing shell, which makes Multiple bolts in one column ground be arranged, and by the bolt and the axial force transducer be accommodated in inside and to it Supported, the processing unit generates the comparative pattern output, and comparative pattern output is according to the bolt in institute The arrangement in bearing shell is stated to arrange made of the identification information.
It is practiced in device in above-mentioned fastening, is also possible to the fastening and practices device with storage unit, which stores institute The identification information of the bolt of configuration, the processing unit are examined when detecting axial force from storage unit reading The identification information of the bolt measured generates the comparative pattern output.
It is practiced in device in above-mentioned fastening, is also possible to the surface shape in the identification information comprising indicating the bolt The torque coefficient of state, the processing unit show the axial force that the torque coefficient and the comparative pattern export in association Display.
It is practiced in device in above-mentioned fastening, is also possible to the processing unit according to the axial force and institute detected The identification information of bolt is stated to calculate tightening torque, generates the size comprising indicating the respective tightening torque of bolt The comparative pattern of information exports.
In order to achieve the above objectives, fastening according to the present invention practices the one aspect of method, comprising the following steps: by more A bolt is arranged to the process fastened;The work of the axial force of each bolt is applied to using axial force transducer detection Sequence;And it is the identification information of each bolt is associated with detection axial force and compare between the detection axial force each bolt Process.
In order to achieve the above objectives, according to the present invention fasten practices a side of method, using fastening tool by spiral shell The process that the parent phase multiple bolts different for the surface state of screw thread are fastened;Using axial force transducer detection because described in The fastening of nut and the process of axial force generated on the bolt;It is taken into the sensor output of the axial force transducer Process;And keep the identification information of the surface state comprising the bolt associated with the axial direction force information, and generate expression The process of the comparative pattern output of the size of the respective axial force of bolt.
In order to achieve the above objectives, according to the present invention to fasten the one aspect for practicing program, a kind of practiced by fastening fills Program is practiced in the fastening that the computer set executes, wherein program is practiced in the fastening makes the computer execute following functions: being utilized Axial force transducer obtains each axial force of multiple bolts for being configured to be fastened, by the identification information of each bolt with Detection axial force is associated and compares between the detection axial force each bolt.
In order to achieve the above objectives, according to the present invention to fasten the one aspect for practicing program, a kind of practiced by fastening fills Program is practiced in the fastening that the computer set executes, wherein program is practiced in the fastening makes the computer execute following function: being used Fastening tool fastens the nut multiple bolts different relative to the surface state of screw thread, is taken into using axial force transducer The sensor of the axial force generated on the bolt by the fastening of the nut exports, and makes the surface shape comprising the bolt The identification information of state is associated with the axial force, and generates the comparative pattern for indicating the size of the respective axial force of bolt Output.
It is practiced in program in above-mentioned fastening, is also possible to the fastening and practices program the computer is made to execute following function: Tightening torque is calculated according to the identification information of the axial force and the bolt that detect, is generated comprising indicating the bolt The comparative pattern of the information of the size of the respective tightening torque exports.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the one aspect of fastening practice system according to the present invention, one kind is for practicing nut The fastening practice system of fastening relative to bolt, includes multiple bolts, they are configured to be fastened;It is axial Force snesor, detection are applied to the axial force of each bolt;And comparison unit, by the identification information of each bolt with from described The detection axial force that axial force transducer obtains is associated and compares between the detection axial force each bolt.
In order to achieve the above objectives, a side of fastening practice system according to the present invention, one kind is for practicing nut The fastening practice system of fastening relative to bolt, includes fastening, which is characterized in that, comprising: fastening Portion is practiced, has the different multiple bolts of threaded surface state and to due to the nut for using fastening tool to implement fastens The axial force transducer that the axial force generated on the bolt is detected;Processing unit, with the axial force transducer Connection, receiving sensor output are related to detected axial force by the identification information of the surface state comprising the bolt Join and generate the comparative pattern output for the size for indicating the respective axial force of bolt;And monitor, with the place Unit connection is managed, shows the comparative pattern output.
Invention effect
In accordance with the invention it is possible to obtain any one effect below.
(1) contrast images of the axial force by the different screw bolt and nut of display surface state to each other, can make reality The difference of the person's of trampling cognition fastening force.
(2) it is compared, can be learnt to corresponding with surface state by the difference of the surface state to screw bolt and nut Terminal operation adjustment technical ability.
(3) screw bolt and nut can be fastened with appropriate fastening force, is can be improved by the safety of secure component.
(4) by learning knowledge related with surface state and the fastening technical ability, can expand and secure component, operation The selectivity of the corresponding bolt of the application conditions such as environment, nut.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be show an embodiment fastening practice device structural example figure.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart for showing an example of fastening practice processing.
Fig. 3 is the figure for showing an example of comparative pattern.
Fig. 4 is the figure for showing the embodiment of fastening practice system
Fig. 5 is the partial sectional view for showing the structural example in the portion of practice.
Fig. 6 is the top view for showing the structure of upper surface side in the portion of practice.
Fig. 7 is the figure for showing the surface structure example of load cell.
Fig. 8 is the figure for showing the structural example of middle plate.
Fig. 9 is the figure for showing the structural example of PC.
Figure 10 is the figure for showing an example of database.
Figure 11 is the figure for showing an example of comparative pattern.
Figure 12 is the flow chart for showing an example of fastening practice processing.
Figure 13 is the figure for showing an example of comparative pattern.
Figure 14 is the flow chart for showing an example of fastening practice processing.
Specific embodiment
(embodiment)
The structural example of device is practiced in the fastening that Fig. 1 shows an embodiment.Structure shown in FIG. 1 is an example, this hair It is bright to be not limited to such structure.
It is the fastening processing of bolt 4 and nut 6 to be experienced by manually terminal operation and more that device 2 is practiced in the fastening An example of the different devices of its tightening state is grasped between a bolt in visual mode.Fastening practices device 2 with surface The different multiple bolt 4-1,4-2 of state ... 4-N and multiple nut 6-1,6-s identical with the bolt surface state 2,……6-N.In addition, fastening practice device 2 with sensor 10-1,10-2 ... 10-N, information treatment part 12, monitor 14。
Bolt 4-1,4-2 ... 4-N and nut 6-1,6-2 ... 6-N for example sets the type based on surface state Deng identification information, and be determined by the identification information.Practice that be provided with surface state on device 2 respectively different in the fastening Bolt 4-1,4-2 ... 4-N can confirm surface state not while experiencing respective fastening in visual mode Together.The surface state is for example comprising for assigning, the coating of function, coating, (coating covers the overlay film being made of resin etc. for formation Film) obtained from surface state;The surface state of lubricating oil is coated with before fastening;The usual surface of overlay film etc. is not implemented Surface state;Either aging or the surface state etc. of iron rust etc. is attached with because of use environment.Then, similar face shape is combined The screw bolt and nut of state practiced using the fastening of fastening tool 8.
Each bolt 4-1,4-2 ... be provided on 4-N detection generate in the axial direction axial force F sensor 10-1, 10-2,……10-N.The axial force F be due to nut 6-1,6-2 ... 6-N relative to bolt 4-1,4-2 ... 4-N carry out Fastening and the power that generates, in addition to nut 6-1,6-2 ... other than the torque of the fastening of 6-N or its fastening amount, also by bolt 4- 1,4-2 ... the influence of the surface state of 4-N.Therefore, it is necessary to adjust be based on bolt 4-1,4-2 ... the surface state of 4-N Different adjusting nut 6-1,6-2 ... the fastening method of 6-N.It is practiced in device 2 in fastening, not about the surface state Together, by visual observation identify nut 6-1,6-2 ... the experience and its influence of the fastening situation of 6-N.
Information treatment part 12 is an example of the processing unit of the disclosure, and is to be taken into sensor 10-1,10-2 ... 10-N Detection information and generate to bolt 4-1,4-2 ... the comparison list for the comparative pattern that the mutual tightening state of 4-N compares An example of member.The information treatment part 12 is by the axial force information from sensor 10-1,10-2 ... 10-N and has been carried out tight Solid bolt 4-1,4-2 ... 4-N and nut 6-1,6-2 ... the identification information of 6-N is associated, carries out bolt 4-1,4- 2 ... the generation of the comparative pattern of the axial force F of 4-N.
Monitor 14 is an example of the display unit of the disclosure, shows the comparative pattern generated by information treatment part 12.
In addition, monitor 14 can be reception and show the display of the signal issued from for example external information process unit Device device, alternatively, being also possible to the display unit for the information processing unit being integrally formed with information treatment part 12.
In addition to this, can also with bolt 4-1,4-2 ... be applied on 4-N based on nut 6-1,6-2 ... 6-N's The mode of tractive force (axial force) in the axial direction of fastening is for example (not shown) by secure component to be arranged.That is, nut 6-1,6- 2 ... 6-N in fastening not along bolt 4-1,4-2 ... the thread of 4-N carries out moving in rotation, as long as but making bolt 4-1,4-2 ... 4-N is and to the fastening by secure component by along the axial force F axially pulled.In order to for example make Nut 6-1,6-2 ... the mutual tightening torque of 6-N, fastening height are consistent, using same material and have mutually level quilt Secure component.
<fastening practice processing>
Fig. 2 shows an examples of fastening practice processing.Fastening practice processing is that processing method is practiced in the fastening of the disclosure Or an example of processing routine is practiced in fastening, the present invention is not limited to the processing sequences, process content.
Information treatment part 12 obtain for carry out fastening practice bolt 4-1,4-2 ... the identification information (S1) of 4-N.Letter Breath processing unit 12 can also with bolt 4-1,4-2 ... 4-N be selected as opportunity read in identification information.Identification information for example may be used To be read from the database (not shown) in the storage unit for being prestored to information treatment part 12, alternatively, can also be by practitioner Or its manager is inputted using input unit.Further, it is also possible to by fastening practice device 2 by the communication with external equipment come It is taken into.
When nut 6-1,6-2 ... 6-N are fastened (S2), be taken into sensor 10-1,10-2 ... each sensing of 10-N Device output, collects detection axial force (S3).
Information treatment part 12 is associated by the identification information being taken into and axial force F and is patterned, and generates use In to each bolt 4-1,4-2 ... comparative pattern that the axial force of 4-N compares exports (S4).
When generating comparative pattern output, which can be exported to display on such as monitor 14, or Person, can also be by the data notification to external information processing unit etc..
<comparative pattern>
Fig. 3 shows an example of comparative pattern.
In comparative pattern shown in Fig. 3, the identification information for determining bolt is set on transverse axis, on longitudinal axis setting detection Axial force F out.For the identification information, as long as such as bolt 4-1,4-2 ... 4-N, against fastening sequence come Set bolt A, bolt B ... bolt N.In this example embodiment, about tightening sequence, device 2 is practiced according to fastening is configured at In sequence fastened, bolt 4-1 is expressed as bolt A, bolt 4-2 is expressed as to bolt B ... by bolt 4-N table It is shown as bolt N.
For bolt A, bolt B, such as shows and utilize the high lubrication of implementation and reducing friction resistance in bolt surface High functional coating after bolt in the case where testing result.In addition, bolt N is, for example, common metal surface, especially show The detection axial force of the bolt of uncoated coating, lubricating oil etc. is gone out.Moreover, relative to the axial force F A of bolt A, bolt B Axial force F B is detected higher value, and the axial force F N of bolt N is detected the value lower than axial force F A, FB.
The difference of such axial force shows the fastening force of bolts and nuts.I.e., it is known that if using detection axial force Biggish bolt A, bolt B, then can obtain stronger fastening force, in contrast, detect the fastening of the lesser bolt N of axial force Power is weaker than bolt A, bolt B.Therefore, it is known that using bolt N, need to fasten nut with bigger power.
In addition, if being inquired into from other viewpoint, it is being set in by the lesser situation of the fastening strength of secure component, is making Torque smaller with frictional resistance and relative to application and bolt A, the B for being easy to get fastening strength are easier to carry out fastening and adjust It is whole.On the contrary, due to apply biggish torque, therefore, it is difficult to carry out fastening tune about being difficult to obtain in the bolt N of fastening strength It is whole.The difficulty of such fastening adjustment can have an impact to by the deviation etc. of the Product Safety of secure component, quality.As this Sample, experience the fastening characteristics for being used for the screw bolt and nut of fastening, identification and the characteristic of other bolts, nut is not both critically important , in accordance with the invention it is possible to realize such practice.In addition, by the difference for the surface state for experiencing bolt, nut to fastening The influence of processing, it can be appreciated that consider the state of the object to be fastened, use environment select bolt, nut is very heavy It wants.That is, passing through the surface state of the coating of the surface state accompanying by experiencing such as iron rust and rust quality or rust-preventing characteristic Between tightness difference, can experience recognize fastening object use environment, screw bolt and nut it is selected Importance.
<effect of an embodiment>
According to this structure, effect as follows can be obtained.
(1) can experience screw bolt and nut surface state it is different in the case where, the fastening of nut, also, pass through use Contrast images indicate the difference of the axial force generated by the fastening, and fastening practice can be recognized in visual mode Experience.
(2) the adjustment technical ability of terminal operation corresponding with the surface state of screw bolt and nut can be learnt.
(3) it is able to carry out the appropriate fastening to match with surface state, it is tight thereby, it is possible to improve gasket fastened etc. Gu the fastening function of component can be improved by the safety of tight component.
(4) by making practitioner's identification based on by the type of secure component and operating environment, bolt, nut fastening Axial force can promote using the optimal screw bolt and nut matched with setting condition.
(5) practitioner can skillfully grasp rapidly nut and the fastening of bolt is handled, further, it is possible to promote the spiral shell of practician The terminal operation is corrected in the proficiency of female terminal operation or promotion.
(embodiment 1)
<fastening practice system 20>
Fig. 4 is the figure for showing an example of fastening practice system 20.Structure shown in Fig. 4 is an example, the present invention is not limited to Such structure.
For example, as shown in figure 4, the fastening practice system 20 have the different multiple bolt 4-1,4-2 of surface state, 4-3, 4-4, portion 22, deformation analyzer 26 and PC are practiced with the load cell 24 for detecting the deformation generated in the bolt (Personal Computer: personal computer) 28.Fastening practice system 20 in, carry out grasp nut 6-1,6-2,6-3, The fastening of the tightening state of the fastening of 6-4 different from surface state bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 is practiced.
Practicing portion 22 is an example for experiencing the device of terminal operation of nut and bolt, is accommodated with load inside housings and passes The major part of sensor 24 and bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4.In addition, the top plate side in the portion of practicing 22 make bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3, The threaded portion of the one end of 4-4 is exposed, and nut 6-1,6-2,6-3,6-4 are screwed on the exposed portion.
Deformation analyzer 26 is the axis for the bolt for connecting and capable of detecting load cell 24 with load cell 24 Shape changing detection signal after the shape changing detection signal in portion amplifies and will be amplified is converted to the lists of computer-readable data An example of member.Axial force F is indicated by the deformation that the deformation analyzer 26 determines.
PC 28 is an example of the information treatment part 12 of the disclosure, is taken into axial force F (strain data) from deformation analyzer 26 And generate the contrast images of bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4.The PC 28 is the personal computer of such as notebook type, the PC 28 Main part 30 is included, with the operation inputting parts such as the information processing function and keyboard;And monitor 32, show comparison diagram As etc..
As long as in addition, PC 28 can be carried out for the axial force F that detects bolt and identification information being associated with or it is raw At the computer of the mutual contrast images of bolt, it can be any computer, be not limited to notebook type PC.PC 28 It such as can be the computer for making main body Yu monitor absolute construction, on the contrary, being also possible to monitor and main part is integrally formed Mobile communication terminal etc..
<practicing portion 22>
Fig. 5 is the partial sectional view for showing the structural example in the portion of practice.
Practice portion 22 and be formed with incorporating section 40 in the inside of external shell, the incorporating section 40 store bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3, 4-4 and the load cell 24 being arranged on each bolt.The incorporating section 40 is an example of the bearing shell of the disclosure, makes bolt 4- 1,4-2,4-3,4-4 and each load cell 24 are in a column ground configuration, also, being supported to prevents them in 40 internal shift of housing section Or it is detached to outside.Incorporating section 40 is such as flowering structure: being internally provided with bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 and load-transducing Device 24 is placed in the middle plate 42 of specified altitude, will not the depth of parallelism, bumps to the floor for being provided with the portion of practice 22 etc. etc. generate shadow It rings.In addition, top plate 44 is arranged to cover the height of upper surface part of load cell 24 in the top plate side of incorporating section 40.At this On top plate 44, it is formed with the front end opening outstanding of bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 for configuring for thread spindle side towards upper surface Portion 52 (Fig. 6).The screw spindle part of bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 relative to from the part outstanding of top plate 44 be set so as into The length of the fastening of row nut 6-1,6-2,6-3,6-4.
In addition to this, it is formed with opening portion 46 in a part of the side in the portion of practicing 22, is passed through in the opening portion 46 Intert the cable 48 into load cell 24.In addition, on the bottom side of shell, it is formed in left and right ends side for by middle plate 42 maintain the foot 50 of specified altitude.It can also be formed in the foot 50 for base plate part for example (not shown) or survey Determine the threaded hole that device etc. is fixed.Fixed by that will practice portion 22, the terminal operation of practitioner becomes easy, also, energy Enough deviations reduced in the fastening of nut in additional vibration, swing or fastening direction, to be not likely to produce the shape of bolt Become the deviation of detection.
For example, as shown in fig. 6, the opening width W1 for the opening portion 52 being formed on the top plate 44 in the portion of practice 22 is formed as comparing The diagonal-size W2 of nut 6-1,6-2,6-3,6-4 are big.That is, making nut 6- using fastening tool 8 in the fastening practice of nut 1,6-2,6-3,6-4 are entered in opening portion 52, with the upper surface part side contacts of the end face of nut and the load cell 24 Mode is fixed.Therefore, as long as top plate 44 is formed as thinner than the longitudinal thickness of nut 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4, or The width W1 of opening portion 52 is set as the size being inserted into for fastening tool 8 by person.
In addition, top plate 44 is contacted with the upper surface side of load cell 24, it is therefore prevented that displacement, He Congshou in incorporating section 40 Receive the disengaging in portion 40.The top plate 44 is for example threadedly secured in housing side portion or foot 50 using being arranged on four angles On.Moreover, top plate 44 is arranged to carry out the setting and exchange of bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4, load cell 24 And unload as needed, the bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 are the bolts for being practiced.
In addition, can also be formed on top plate 44 for example (not shown) for the setting position of fixed load sensor 24 Supporting slice etc., and make the side side contacts of the supporting slice Yu load cell 24.
<load cell 24>
Load cell 24 shown in Fig. 7 is for example formed as tubular, external shell 54 and upper surface side with curved sides With the face 55 of bottom surface side.In addition, being formed on center portion for for the perforative through hole 56 of determinand, also, have There is the contact portion 58 being formed in along the through hole 56 with defined width in the inner circumference of face 55.
As described above, through hole 56 covers this and being run through by bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 as determinand The circumferential surface of thread spindle.The opening width W3 of through hole 56 is for example set as the size that be displaced bolt will not in inside, It is set as equal or slightly larger with the nominal diameter of bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4.
Contact portion 58 is, for example, the buckling body of the cylindrical shape configured along through hole 56, is had on part (not shown) Deformation meter.The contact portion 58 can become because nut 6-1,6-2,6-3,6-4 pressing upper surface side of bolt is fastened onto Shape.By detecting the deformation (deformation) by internal deformation meter, voltage value corresponding with the deflection is exported.Across being fastened Component and when being fastened to screw bolt and nut, the deformation of the contact portion 58 is equal with the deformation that bolt generates, according to the deformation The voltage value measurement of meter acts on the axial force F of bolt.
The formation width W4 of contact portion 58 is, for example, the width that can contact with nut, also be can be set as and nut Diagonal distance W2 it is same.
<middle plate 42>
In middle plate 42 shown in Fig. 8, such as on the setting position of bolt it is formed with opening portion 60.The opening portion 60 It is such as chimeric with head 62-1,62-2,62-3,62-4 of bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4, protrude screw spindle part upward.This Outside, opening portion 60 can prevent bolt in the terminal operation of nut by chimeric with head 62-1,62-2,62-3,62-4 It rotates, and opening portion 60 is formed as into hexagon to prevent the disengaging of bolt.The formation interval of opening portion 60 is set as Width at least than load cell 24 is wide, also, is set as the terminal operation for being easy to carry out nut and adjacent bolt.
On middle plate 42, corresponds to the forming position of for example each opening portion 60 and respectively form 2 through holes 63.The perforation Hole 63 is the hole for bearing part (not shown) to be arranged, by tapping the externally mounted part of the bearing part and load cell 24 Touching, can be fixed bearing to load cell 24.In addition, for example can be can be with load cell 24 for bearing part The shaft member or screwed part of external shell engagement.
<PC 28>
Fig. 9 shows the structural example of PC.There is identification information and the institute of storage bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 in PC 28 The function of the axial force F detected and the function etc. that these information associations are got up and generated comparative pattern.
PC 28 is for example with processor 64, storage unit 66, input operation part 68, communication unit 70, input and output portion (I/O) 72。
Processor 64 is carried out for executing the OS (Operating System: operating system) being located in storage unit 66, tight The solid calculation process for trampling program etc..The calculation process includes obtaining axial force information from deformation analyzer 26, reading institute The identification information of the screw bolt and nut of input and the generation processing of comparative pattern etc..
Storage unit 66 practices the storage of program, identification information, axial force information etc. for OS, fastening, has ROM (Read Only Memory: random access memory) and RAM (Random Access Memory: read-only memory).The storage unit 66 Use the storage devices such as the hard disk and semiconductor memory for being able to maintain storage content.It is formed in the storage unit 66 The database (DB) 74 of axial force information for managing inputted identification information, detecting etc..
Input operation part 68 is an example of the operating unit of input for information etc., and keyboard, mouse can be used for example Deng.
Communication unit 70 is controlled by processor 64, for based on wirelessly connect with deformation analyzer 26, and outside (not shown) The wireless connection of equipment is connected with internet.
I/O72 controls by processor 64 and is used to control the input and output of information, connects with deformation analyzer 26, monitor 32 It connects.
<database 74>
Figure 10 shows the structural example of database.
For example, as shown in Figure 10, being formed with database 74 in the storage unit 66 of PC 28, the database 74 storage is used for Fasten identification information, the axial force information detected of bolt etc. of practice.In the database 74, such as identification information 76 and be registered with bolt title, indicate the coating information of surface state, lifespan information, torque coefficient, size etc..The identification Information 76 can for example be inputted when carrying out fastening and practicing by practitioner, manager, alternatively, preset letter can also be read Breath.
In addition, in database 74, such as the axial force detected, calculated torque value etc. are stored with as practice Information 78.
In addition to this, it for example also can have operator's database in the storage unit 66 of PC 28, operator's database Information, the information of manager comprising carrying out the operator of fastening practice.It can also for example be stored in operator's database ID (IDentification: identification) information, Business Name information, operator's name information, date of fastening practice is carried out Time, the type of bolt, number etc., also, be associated with above-mentioned database 4.Operator's database for example can also be with When selecting the bolt for real machine, nut, as the information for indicating whether fastening experience.
Figure 11 shows an example of the comparative pattern generated according to detection axial force.Diagram shape, number shown in Figure 11 Value is an example, is not limited to the content.
As described above, horizontal axis indicates the identification information of bolt in the comparative pattern shown in Figure 11, the longitudinal axis indicates detection axis To power F.In this embodiment, using following situation: in order to which the influence to surface state to fastening axial force compares, being in The tightening torque value setting of nut 6-1,6-2,6-3,6-4 are being subjected to the case where fastening is practiced within the specified scope.Right Than the information in figure also including the tightening torque.In addition, the identification information as each bolt, for example, in each axial force chart The torque coefficient information for indicating surface state is shown near display.
The detected value of the axial force F of bolt shown in comparative pattern can for example be arranged according to the sequence for carrying out fastening practice Column, alternatively, the arrangement of bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 for being configured in the portion of practice 22 can also be compareed to show result.
As a result, in comparative pattern, the bolt A of nut, bolt B, bolt C, bolt D are fastened with identical torque The differences of the different axial force Fs as expression fastening strength of surface state and show.
<fastening processing>
Figure 12 shows the embodiment of fastening practice processing.The fastening practice processing be the disclosure fastening practice method or Person fastens an example for practicing program.
In fastening practice processing, selected bolt 4-1,4-2,4- practiced for practitioner (operator), manager 3,4-4 and nut 6-1,6-2,6-3,6-4 (S11), and be arranged in the portion of practicing 22.It, will be each when having selected screw bolt and nut The identification information of screw bolt and nut is input to PC 28 (S12).In the input of identification information, for example, in addition to key-press input Mode inputs other than information shown in Keeping Unit of bolt, the main part of nut or bolt, nut etc., can also read in Bar code information etc..Further, it is also possible to the combination for the multiple screw bolt and nut practiced is preset, it will be with the combination The identification information of information changing is stored into database 74.
Prepare as practice, operating force that setting is applied by the tool of the fastening of carry out nut, i.e., set tightening torque It is worth (S13).About tightening torque value, such as the nominal diameter of bolt for practice is corresponded to set.The torque value As long as size for example correspond to nominal diameter and different, do not destroy bolt because of fastening.In fastening practice, for example, It, can be but it is also possible to be common spanner etc. using torque wrench as the tool that can measure tightening torque.It cannot utilizing In the case where the tool for measuring torque value, for example, tightening action can be set, without setting specific tightening torque value.About The tightening action, the power (tightening torque) that the spanner for corresponding to screw thread nominal applies, which for example also can use, " only uses wrist Applied force ", " from elbow applied force ", " from shoulder applied force " (" a Wall card hand volume technology piece ": change within Heisei on September 30th, 22, The methods of Nihon Valqua Kogyo KK's distribution, page 116).
When carrying out fastening processing according to set condition (S14), PC 28 is taken into sensor output (S15).In PC In 28, the generation of figure prepares as a comparison, for example, make the information of detected axial force F with as detecting the axial force The identification information of the load cell 24 of the sensor of the information of F matches (S16).PC 28 is handled by the integration, will be determined It is associated by the bolt, its tightening sequence and the detected axial force F that have carried out fastening practice.
PC 28 reads the identification information of screw bolt and nut, which is associated with the axial force F detected (S17).In this process, the information of axial force F and the type of the coating of screw bolt and nut, the information of torque coefficient etc. are associated with Get up, the type of the coating of the screw bolt and nut, the information of torque coefficient are the information for generating comparative pattern.
Carry out being taken into of the axial force F, with the matching ("No" of S18) of identification information until until fastening practice completion. When fastening practice is completed ("Yes" of S18), the comparative pattern of axial force is generated using the information to associate, makes monitor 32 show the comparative pattern (S19) of the generation.
Comparative pattern can be according to being arranged in order for axial force be taken into, alternatively, can also match according to predetermined order It sets.In addition, comparative pattern generation processing is not limited to carry out after all fastening practice and completing, it can also be with the inspection of axial force F Survey is that opportunity generates figure in real time, and updates it and show content.
<effect of embodiment 1>
(1) the nut fastening in the case where the surface state difference of screw bolt and nut can be experienced, further, it is possible to pass through use Contrast images indicate the difference of the axial force generated by the fastening, and the body of fastening practice is recognized in visual mode It tests.
(2) the adjustment technical ability of terminal operation corresponding with the surface state of screw bolt and nut can be learnt.
(3) it is practiced, can be experienced due to surface by continuously carrying out the fastening of multiple bolts with identical tightening torque The difference of tightening state caused by state, further, it is possible to identify tightening state not in visual mode by detection axial force F Together.
(4) practicing portion 22 and using enables the top plate 44 of housing section to load and unload, and makes bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 Head is supported on the structure of the middle plate 42 in incorporating section in a manner of engaging, and which thereby enhances bolt 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 Replace performance.
(5) by enabling middle plate 42 to be loaded and unloaded on shell, the bolt different to nominal diameter, nut be can easily be done Replacement, various sizes of bolt, nut can be replaced with, therefore, fastening is can be improved and practice the convenience of device.
(6) by the way that foot 50 is arranged in the portion of practicing 22, make the middle plate 42 of mounting bolt and load cell 24 from practice The setting face in portion 22 separates, and the influence of inclination, the vibration in setting face etc. can be reduced when fastening processing.
(7) by being accommodated in load cell 24 in the incorporating section 40 in the portion of practice 22, and by making top plate 44 and load The end 55 of the upside of sensor 24 contacts to support the load cell 24, can prevent the displacement of load cell 24, and And it can prevent due to being pressed with caused by the contact of fastening tool 8 etc., breakage.
(embodiment 2)
Figure 13 shows the comparative pattern of embodiment 2.
It is shown in the comparative pattern shown in Figure 13 according to detected axial force F and calculated torque value.? In the embodiment 2, for example, in order to grasp the different influences to fastening processing of the surface state of screw bolt and nut, for detection Axial force F out carries out the calculation processing for fastening required torque.It is below about the relationship of axial force F and tightening torque T Formula is set up.
T=kFd ... (1)
In addition, k is the torque coefficient for indicating surface state, d indicates the nominal diameter of bolt.
In fastening processing, for example, according to identical fastening amount is set in bolt A, bolt B, bolt C, bolt D In the case of detection axial force F carry out calculated torque.In addition, in fastening processing, for example, fastening number is counted, if The fastening of same number is carried out in whole bolts, then the quantity for the thread that nut passes through is consistent, can be realized identical tight Gu amount.In the case where making the identical situation of fastening amount in this way, the axial force for acting on bolt becomes the value of same degree.
In comparative pattern, for example, horizontal axis shows the identification information of bolt, the longitudinal axis shows the calculated torque of institute Value.The case where surface covering of low friction is for example implemented to bolt A and bolt B is shown in the comparative pattern, to bolt C Such as the case where being coated with lubricating oil and not to bolt D implement coating in the case where calculated result an example.Bolt A, spiral shell The torque coefficient of the coating of bolt B is the value smaller than bolt C, bolt D.Moreover, considering the axial force based on equal fastening amount It is tight in the case where bolt A, bolt B relative to using according to the size of the torque coefficient different as surface state when as a result Gu turn round be lesser value the case where, bolt C, bolt D tightening torque become biggish value.
According to the comparative pattern as a result, it is possible to learn to the difference because of surface state in the torque value needed for leading to fastening The case where generating biggish difference.As long as that is, being applied relative in the bolt for being applied with the lesser high-performance coating of torque coefficient Less tightening torque is added just to be able to carry out required fastening, in the bolt under the biggish surface state of torque coefficient, if Do not apply biggish tightening torque, then can not carry out required fastening.
In addition, as the identification information of each bolt, can show torque coefficient information in comparative pattern, can also show Show the value of set axial force F.
<practice of embodiment 2 is handled>
Figure 14 shows the embodiment of fastening practice processing.
It in fastening practice, selectes screw bolt and nut (S21), and is arranged in the portion of practicing 22, also, by the bolt and spiral shell Female identification information is input to PC 28 (S22).When fastening processing is when being ready to complete, implementation fastening processing is reached until nut To carry out defined fastening amount (S23) until setting position.The sensor that PC 28 is taken into the axial force F generated by fastening is defeated (S24) out reads the nominal diameter of torque coefficient, bolt from database 74, calculates tightening torque (S25).Then, it will test out The value of axial force F, calculated torque value T (S26) is associated with identification information.
The detection of the axial force F and the calculation processing of torque value T is repeated, until fastening processing complete until (S27's "No").When fastening processing is completed ("Yes" of S27), generates comparative pattern and be shown on monitor 32 (S28).
In addition, in the embodiment 2, such as in the case where using torque wrench as fastening tool 8, by torque wrench Detection torque value be taken into PC 28, carry out the comparison of the detection torque value Yu calculated torque value T.
<effect of embodiment 2>
By calculating tightening torque value using the axial force detected and being compared to each other in bolt, can correspond to The difference of the surface state of bolt experience the plus-minus of the power fastened, can be with and by showing the comparing result Visual mode identifies the plus-minus of the power.
(variation)
For the implementation described above and embodiment, it is being exemplified below variation.
(1) screw threads such as type, the torque coefficient grasped and indicate coating are shown in above embodiment or embodiment Surface state identification information, the fastening of bolt processing, but not limited to this.As long as selecting thread surface shape of more than two kinds The different screw bolt and nut of state, and the experience of the actual learning terminal operation and the comparison for detecting axial force.According to the knot Structure, can learn the tightening technology of the different nut of surface state, further, it is possible to grasp the tight of selected screw bolt and nut out Solid fraction state and the influence to surface state etc. compare.
(2) in fastening practice, fastening practice can also be carried out with additional temp condition.Fastening practices device 2 and for example may be used With in shell have heating unit and temperature detecting unit, to bolt 4-1,4-2 ... 4-N is heated, and is carried out and is provided The detection of the corresponding axial force F of temperature condition.In addition, in fastening practice processing, such as 1 or multiple temperature can also be set Degree condition considers temperature condition and compares between the axial force bolt.In this way, real by carrying out fastening while heating It tramples, additionally it is possible to the variation of experience surface state corresponding with temperature condition.Additionally it is possible to learn in selected bolt/nut When, consider the importance of thermal characteristics corresponding with the type of coating.
(3) comparison diagram that axial force F associates with identification information is shown in the above-described embodiment and examples Shape, but not limited to this.It in comparative pattern, such as can also show, indicate whether the axial force detected is adequately worth Comparing result of the evaluation information between multiple bolts.In the comparative pattern, as long as such as axial force F comprising detecting Information, the information of evaluation criteria and evaluation information.PC 28 for example stores the threshold as evaluation in storage unit 66 in advance The reference axial direction power of value, carried out when generating comparative pattern detection axial force evaluation, and generate the evaluation result by chart, The evaluation information that character, numerical value etc. are shown.In addition to this, other than evaluation information, which can also show hint Following advisory information, advisory information prompt is insufficient or the increase of superfluous axial force or corresponding tightening torque or Person is reduced.
(4) the case where making bolts and nuts fasten and detect axial force is shown only in the above-described embodiment, but unlimited In this.It is practiced in device in fastening of the invention, for example, sandwiched flange, gasket can be come in conjunction with the real machine fastened, uses spiral shell Screw bolt and nut fastens the flange and gasket, and detects the axial force of the bolt under the state.In this case, in order to detect bolt Axial force, use the sensor other than load cell 24.According to this structure, operator can be made in addition to experience The influence of flange, the material of gasket, size etc., also experience are influenced due to caused by the difference of the surface state of bolt, and Assign the cognition based on comparative pattern.
(5) in fastening processing of the invention, for example, it is also possible to apply torque until any one bolt disconnects, Axial force F when disconnecting to any one bolt compares.According to the practice, can experience based on the different of surface state It fastens difficulty and corresponding surface state carries out the importance of terminal operation.
As described above, most preferred embodiment etc. of the invention is illustrated.The present invention is not limited to Above-mentioned record.Those skilled in the art can of course be according to public in the record of claims or the mode for carrying out an invention The inventive concept opened carries out various modifications and changes.The deformation, change are also contained in the scope of the present invention certainly.
Industrial availability
In accordance with the invention it is possible to which the multiple bolts different for surface state, will indicate the identification information of the surface state It associates with the axial force of detected fastening, experiences the size of the axial force of the bolt to each other, also, pass through vision To recognize the influence, it can be achieved that according to the raising of selected and the bolt the fastening technical ability of the different bolts of surface state.
Label declaration
2: device is practiced in fastening;4,4-1,4-2 ... 4-N: bolt;6,6-1,6-2 ... 6-N: nut;8: fastening work Tool;10:10-1,10-2 ... 10-N: sensor;12: information treatment part;14,32: monitor;20: fastening practice system; 22: practicing portion;24: load cell;26: deformation analyzer;28:PC;30: main part;40: incorporating section;42: middle plate;44: top Plate;46,52,60: opening portion;48: cable;50: foot;54: external shell;55: face;56,63: through hole;58: contact Portion;60: opening portion;62: head;64: processor;66: storage unit;68: input operation part;70: communication unit;72: input and output Portion (I/O);74: database D B;76: identification information;78: practical information.

Claims (14)

1. it is a kind of fastening practice device comprising:
Multiple bolts, they are configured to be fastened;
Axial force transducer, detection are applied to the axial force of each bolt;And
Comparison unit, by the identification information of each bolt with detection axial force it is associated and between the detection axial force each bolt into Row comparison.
2. it is a kind of fastening practice device comprising:
The surface state of multiple bolts, their screw thread is different;
Axial force transducer, to the axial force generated on the bolt by the fastening for the nut for using fastening tool to carry out It is detected;And
Processing unit receives the sensor output from the axial force transducer, makes the surface state comprising the bolt Identification information it is associated with detected axial force, and generate pair for indicating the size of the respective axial force of bolt Compare images outputting.
3. device is practiced in fastening according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
Device is practiced in the fastening also has display unit, which connect with the processing unit, shows from the processing The comparative pattern output that unit receives.
4. device is practiced in fastening according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that
Device is practiced in the fastening has bearing shell, which makes multiple bolts be arranged in a column, and The bolt and the axial force transducer are accommodated in internal and they are supported,
The processing unit generates the comparative pattern output, comparative pattern output be according to the bolt outside the bearing Arrangement in shell arranges made of the identification information.
5. practicing device according to fastening described in any one in claim 2 to 4, which is characterized in that
The identification information for the bolt that device is configured with storage unit, storage unit storage is practiced in the fastening,
The processing unit reads the identification letter of the detected bolt from the storage unit when detecting axial force Breath generates the comparative pattern output.
6. practicing device according to fastening described in any one in claim 2 to 5, which is characterized in that
The torque coefficient of surface state comprising the expression bolt in the identification information,
The axial force that the torque coefficient is exported with the comparative pattern is shown and is displayed in association with by the processing unit.
7. practicing device according to fastening described in any one in claim 2 to 6, which is characterized in that
The processing unit calculates tightening torque according to the identification information of the axial force and the bolt that detect, generates Comparative pattern output comprising indicating the information of the size of the respective tightening torque of bolt.
8. method is practiced in a kind of fastening, which is characterized in that include the following process:
Multiple bolts are arranged to the process fastened;
The process of the axial force of each bolt is applied to using axial force transducer detection;And
By the identification information of each bolt is associated with detection axial force and work that the detection axial force each bolt is compared Sequence.
9. method is practiced in a kind of fastening, which is characterized in that include the following process:
The process for being fastened the nut multiple bolts different relative to the surface state of screw thread using fastening tool;
Utilize the process for the axial force that axial force transducer detection generates on the bolt by the fastening of the nut;
The process for being taken into the sensor output of the axial force transducer;And
Keep the identification information of the surface state comprising the bolt associated with the axial direction force information, and generates the expression spiral shell The process of the comparative pattern output of the size of the respective axial force of bolt.
10. program is practiced in a kind of fastening that the computer for practicing device by fastening executes, wherein the fastening practice program make it is described Computer executes following function:
Each axial force for the multiple bolts for being configured to be fastened is obtained using axial force transducer,
The identification information of each bolt and detection axial force is associated and compare between the detection axial force each bolt.
11. program is practiced in a kind of fastening, which is executed by the computer that device is practiced in fastening and practices program, wherein the fastening Practicing program makes the computer execute following function:
The nut multiple bolts different relative to the surface state of screw thread are fastened using fastening tool,
The sensor for being taken into the axial force generated on the bolt by the fastening of the nut using axial force transducer is defeated Out,
Keep the identification information of the surface state comprising the bolt associated with the axial force, and it is each to generate the expression bolt From axial force size comparative pattern output.
12. program is practiced in fastening according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the computer is made to execute following functions:
Tightening torque is calculated according to the identification information of the axial force and the bolt that detect,
Generate the comparative pattern output comprising the information for indicating the size of the respective tightening torque of bolt.
13. a kind of fastening practice system, is used to practice fastening of the nut relative to bolt, the feature of the fastening practice system exists In, comprising:
Multiple bolts, they are configured to be fastened;
Axial force transducer, detection are applied to the axial force of each bolt;And
Comparison unit, by the identification information of each bolt it is associated with the detection axial force obtained from the axial force transducer and Detection axial force each bolt is compared.
14. a kind of fastening practice system, is used to practice fastening of the nut relative to bolt, the feature of the fastening practice system exists In, comprising:
Portion is practiced in fastening, has the different multiple bolts of threaded surface state and to the spiral shell because using fastening tool to implement The axial force transducer that female axial force for fastening and generating on the bolt is detected;
Processing unit is connect with the axial force transducer, receiving sensor output, by the surface state comprising the bolt Identification information it is associated with detected axial force and generate pair for indicating the size of the respective axial force of bolt Compare images outputting;And
Monitor is connect with the processing unit, shows the comparative pattern output.
CN201780040335.8A 2016-06-30 2017-06-07 Device is practiced in fastening, method is practiced in fastening, program is practiced in fastening and fastening practice system Pending CN109477765A (en)

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CN103776579A (en) * 2014-02-19 2014-05-07 长安大学 Device and method for testing amount of looseness of connecting pretightening force of after-fire high-strength bolt
CN204710626U (en) * 2015-06-11 2015-10-21 北京福田康明斯发动机有限公司 The colloid coating unit detected for bolt and bolt axial force test macro
CN105424258A (en) * 2015-11-06 2016-03-23 上海交通大学 Method and system for on-line detection of pretightening force of fastening device

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CN110544416A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-12-06 酷聘科技(北京)有限公司 Automatic evaluation machine for engine disassembly and assembly
CN115026752A (en) * 2021-03-04 2022-09-09 本田技研工业株式会社 Fastening tool control system and fastening tool
CN115026752B (en) * 2021-03-04 2024-03-12 本田技研工业株式会社 Fastening tool control system and fastening tool

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