CN109477459A - Wind turbine and its method with yaw system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of wind turbine including yaw system and a kind of maintenance and the methods for repairing its yaw system.The wind turbine includes rotor, and the rotor has mounted at least two wind turbine blades of wheel hub, which is rotationally attached to the power train in the wind turbine.The yaw system includes yaw bearing unit, which, which has, is connected to the first bearing part of main frame and is connected to the second bearing part of wind turbine tower.Yaw system further includes brake disc and multiple caliper units relative to brake disc setting.Each caliper unit is connected to actuating unit by moving element.The caliper unit and actuating unit are operated in pairs by least one driving unit, wherein an actuator stretching, extension, while another actuator is shunk in alternating order.Meanwhile a brake disc unit occlusion, and another actuating unit is detached from alternating order.The actuating unit and caliper unit are used for the yawing rotation that opposite wind turbine tower executes cabin.

Description

Wind turbine and its method with yaw system

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of wind turbines comprising cabin, top with main frame have the wind of mounting flange Power turbine pylon, the mounting flange with the yaw bearing of yaw system for connecting.Yaw system further includes relative to connection The caliper unit being arranged to the brake disc of wind turbine tower, wherein caliper unit is connected to driving unit, is used for Multiple brake pads in caliper unit are operated between occlusal position and disengaging configuration.

The invention further relates to a kind of method of yaw system for operating wind turbine as described above, wherein this method packet It includes step: caliper unit is positioned relative to brake disc, caliper unit is connected to driving unit, and single by driving Member yaws cabin relative to wind turbine tower.

Background technique

It is well known that the capacity of wind turbine increases to megawatt [MW] range from kilowatt [kW] range, this is in turn The size of the size and rotor that mean wind turbine increases.It it is known that when increasing the diameter of sweeping area, rotor will The size bigger relative to available cabin space increase.By increasing the size of wind turbine rotor, weight also increases, Intensity needed for this also increases yaw system in turn and capacity.Therefore, yaw motor and yaw gear is relatively enough The yaw bearing of size, which is placed, becomes more and more difficult to meet these requirements.Since space is limited, close to yaw system with into Row maintenance also becomes more and more difficult.

Traditional yaw system includes the multiple yaw gears driven by the electric yaw motor of respective numbers, wherein pinion gear The tooth of shape yaw gear is meshed with the tooth for the bull gear for being connected to wind turbine tower.The known problem of this yaw system It is that odontotripsis on bull gear is uneven, because wind turbine usually yaws in relatively small yaw range back and forth.It is another A known problem is that pneumatic yawing rotation frequently results in yaw gear damage, also results in yaw odontotripsis or even broken teeth. This maintenance is usually extremely complex and time-consuming, therefore increases maintenance cost.

Some traditional yaw systems further include the friction element of brake pad form, make to rub by pre-tensioned spring Element is passively pushed against on yaw ring or the sliding surface of brake disc, to apply constant friction torque.Other are traditional Yaw system further includes the brake pad for contacting the active operation of brake disc, wherein hydraulic system operation brake pad, so as to Apply high friction torque when not yawing and applies low friction torque in yaw.This system that is passively or actively is shaken by stick-slip Dynamic, stick slip vibration generates loud sharp noise when main frame is slided along brake pad.This noise causes client discontented, and And it optionally also will cause the complaint for living in wind turbine bystander.Used grease and other unwanted particles The lubrication of sliding shim and tooth may be polluted, and also pollutes the inside of wind turbine tower.

Hydraulic soft yaw system " is used for 5MW by a kind of article of the method to solve the above problems in S.Stubkier et al. It is disclosed in a possibility that turbine loads reduce analysis and its sensitivity to yaw bearing friction ".This article discloses one kind The three-vane 5MW wind turbine of yaw system with hydraulic operation, the yaw system include six hydraulic motors, each Hydraulic motor is connected to pinion gear, and pinion gear transfers to engage the gear ring on wind turbine tower.The accumulator of hydraulic operation is set It sets in motor two sides and is connected to motor fluid.Two hydraulic accumulators are connected with each other by cross-coupling, so that when a storage Pressure decline in energy device when pressure rise, in another accumulator.By being operated motor as pump unit, realize in motor The increase of portion's pressure, thus by cabin hydraulic locking.Accumulator serves as damper, even if cabin is allowed to be locked in desired yaw When angle, it still is able to slightly yaw in either direction.It is pointed out in this article, the above system is by providing damping effect Significantly reduce the fatigue load and maximum load on wind turbine.

The yaw bearing that this article also discloses in above-mentioned wind turbine can have ball bearing or have upper sliding The sliding bearing of gasket, wherein main frame is slided along these Upper gaskets.This article is pointed out, since the generation of most of fitful winds is more than The yaw torque of frictional force, the frictional force generated by the yaw bearing influence the yawing rotation under high wind speed minimum.In low wind Under speed, most of fitful winds will not generate the yaw torque more than frictional force, therefore yawing rotation will be in minimum value.This article refers to Out, optimum efficiency is realized by generating the yaw bearing of the frictional force of about 1 meganewton-meter [MNm].This article further refers to Out, it is realized by ball bearing in view of yaw torque is about the optimum for reducing fatigue load and maximum load.

However, providing damping effect, the combination of above system and ball bearing due to using the accumulator of hydraulic operation Cause cabin movement very unstable and the yawing rotation in either direction increases.This movement transfers to will lead to engaging tooth On abrasion increase, the especially abrasion in pinion gear, and may cause one or more broken teeths.

The patent application US2013/014946 of Sassen discloses a kind of yaw actuating and braking system, and one kind is for controlling Method of the Wind turbine nacelle processed relative to the yaw position of pylon.The system depends on the first and second linear actuators, One end of each linear actuators is fixed on the anchor portion of cabin, and the other end of each linear actuators has caliper, should Caliper interacts with the brake disc for being connected to pylon.

Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of Curve guide impellers of yaw system, consider the confined space of yaw system, and solve The problem of yaw gear damage and broken teeth.

Goal of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind turbine yaw systems to solve the above problems.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a kind of wind turbine yaw systems, and which reduce by yaw system The noise of generation.

Yet another object of the invention is that providing a kind of wind turbine yaw system, risk of mechanical failure is reduced.

Another object of the present invention is, provides a kind of method of Operation and maintenance wind turbine yaw system, This method provides being easy to close yaw system, and allow quickly and easily to replace the component being damaged or worn out.

Summary of the invention

It is achieved the object of the present invention by wind turbine, which includes:

Rotor is arranged relative to cabin, which includes at least two wind turbine blades for being installed to wheel hub, The wheel hub is configured to the power train being rotationally attached in the wind turbine,

Cabin is rotatably connected to wind turbine tower by yaw system, and cabin includes main frame, the master Frame is configured to support rotor during rotation, and main frame has the bottom on the top towards wind turbine tower during installation End,

Wind turbine tower comprising the flange of the top end is set, which is configured to connect to yaw system System,

Yaw system comprising yaw bearing unit, the yaw bearing unit have first bearing part and relative to the The second bearing part that one bearing portions is rotatably arranged, first bearing part are connected to main frame, and second bearing part connects It is connected to flange.Yaw system further includes brake disc and at least one caliper unit being arranged relative to brake disc, this at least one A caliper unit includes at least one brake pad, which is configured to move between occlusal position and disengaging configuration Dynamic, at least one described caliper unit is also connected to driving unit, and the driving unit is configured at least brake described in operation Unit is clamped,

It is characterized in that, at least one actuating unit by least one moving element be connected to it is described at least one Caliper unit, at least one described actuating unit is configured to will at least one described braking by least one described element Pincers move between retracted position and extended position, and wherein yaw system is configured at least one described caliper unit When occlusal position, yaw cabin relative to pylon by least one mobile described actuating unit in one direction.

This provides a kind of simple yaw system, does not need electric motor or hydraulic motor, pinion gear or bull gear, It is thus eliminated that the motor of replacement damage and the needs for the tooth for wearing or being broken due to pneumatically yawing.This saves in cabin Space, and therefore allow to be easy access to all parts of yaw system.

Compared with other traditional yaw systems, this configuration additionally provides relative clean and dry system, because it does not have There is the sliding shim of any required engaging tooth lubricated or load, otherwise lubrication may pollute peripheral parts and reduce brake pad Function or lubricating oil may drip on the side of wind turbine tower and pollute wind turbine tower.

This yaw system is adapted to the specific configuration and capacity of wind turbine.This yaw system can be applicable to fill Equipped with more greater trochanter and therefore with the wind turbine of bigger capacity.The wind turbine can be any kind of wind-force Turbine, such as variable speed wind turbines, wherein needing the ability of yawing.Rotor may include but be not limited to two or three wind-force whirlpools Turbine blade.

Wind turbine tower includes at least during installation towards the top of cabin.Top includes mounting flange, the installation Flange serves as the installation interface of yaw system.Brake disc, such as loop system Moving plate can be individual element, be configured to install It on to flange or is integrated into flange, so that brake disc and flange form discrete component.Brake disc allows braking torque to be passed It is delivered to wind turbine tower.

According to one embodiment, at least one described actuating unit includes the first actuating unit and at least second actuating Device unit, and at least one described caliper unit includes the first caliper unit and at least the second caliper unit, wherein First actuating unit is connected to the first caliper unit by the first moving element, and at least the second actuating unit passes through At least the second moving element is connected at least the second caliper unit.

This yaw system includes at least one caliper unit, i.e. packaged type caliper unit, passes through at least one Moving element is connect at least one actuating unit.Each caliper unit and its adjacent actuating unit can be set in pairs It sets, wherein the actuating unit is towards clockwise or counterclockwise.Including the first caliper unit and the first actuator list First pair of member can be set relative to second pair of circumference along brake disc for including the second caliper unit and the second actuating unit It sets.This allows first pair and second pair independently or to be synchronously carried out operation according to desired yawing rotation.

Caliper unit includes at least one brake pad, which is configured to contact brake disc in occlusion.System Mobile gasket can be the removable brake pad unit being arranged in clamp structure, for example, L shape or U-shaped yoke, are configured to move The brake pad makes it be engaged or be detached from occlusion with the contact surface of brake disc.At least one brake pad, such as can Mobile brake pad unit can be arranged relative to the top and or bottom side of brake disc.Caliper unit may include multiple individual Brake pad, such as 1 to 5 brake pad.When caliper unit is mobile relative to brake disc, brake pad is non-loaded, and And when caliper unit is for when yawing cabin, brake rim to be loaded, so that the abrasion on each brake pad is reduced to It is minimum.

Caliper unit is also coupled to driving unit, which is configured as operation caliper unit.Driving Unit can be hydraulic, pneumatically or electrically driving unit, be configured to through suitable hydraulic or pneumatic fluid or electrical connection driving Caliper unit.Fluid can be hydraulic oil, compressed air or other suitable fluids, can pass through the conjunction in driving unit Suitable compressor and/or pumping system is supplied to caliper unit.Pumping system may be also connected at least one directional control valve use In control actuating unit, and at least one directional control valve is connected to for controlling caliper unit.It can be according to actuator The configuration of unit and caliper unit selects corresponding control valve.Driving unit may be also connected to suitable control unit, The control unit is configured as controlling the operation of this yaw system.Control unit and/or driving unit is settable in the cabin, wind In in power turbine pylon or combinations thereof.This enables driving unit to control each brake pad offer by caliper unit Holding torque.

Actuating unit is configured to move caliper unit on the direction of substantially tangent line relative to radial direction, and It is also coupled to driving unit or is connected to another driving unit of control unit.Actuating unit can be hydraulic, gas Dynamic or electric actuator.Moving element can be the piston rod of actuating unit or be connected to the intermediate bar of piston rod.Actuator Unit can be such as, but not limited to linear actuators.This enables driving unit to start individual actuating unit, and therefore Control is supplied to the driving torque of cabin.

Driving unit can be with such as, but not limited to, generates the operating pressure between 100 bars to 500 bars.Each caliper list Member can be with such as, but not limited to, generate between 200 kilonewton meters [kNm] and 1600kNm maximum keeps torque.Driving unit can With such as, but not limited to, the maximum drive torque between 200kNm and 1600kNm is generated for each caliper unit.This allows root Driving capability and/or the guarantor of yaw system are selected according to the upgrading of the capacity (such as specified MW) of rotor and wind turbine Hold ability.

It can choose each actuating unit, so that it has the above-mentioned maximum guarantor for keeping torque greater than caliper unit Hold torque.In the case where yaw system is by very high moment of face, caliper will be thus on actuating unit unintentionally edge Start to slide relative to brake disc before one direction is mobile.Therefore, it will not be overloaded on mechanical part, and therefore mechanical breakdown Least risk.

According to specific embodiment, the first actuating unit is towards a direction of rotation, and at least the second actuating unit Towards opposite direction of rotation.

Each actuating unit in first pair and second pair can be all towards identical direction of rotation, for example, suitable Hour hands or counter clockwise direction.Direction of rotation defines cabin and the therefore direction of Rotor Yaw.Alternatively, the first of the first centering Actuating unit can be towards direction be rotated clockwise, and the second actuating unit of the second centering can be towards rotation side counterclockwise To vice versa.This makes during yawing rotation, and actuating unit can be operated at least two groups, wherein one group Operation be different from another group.

In instances, it but is not limited to, the half in all actuating units can be activated towards rotating clockwise direction The other half of device unit can be towards direction of rotation counterclockwise.This stretches half and the other half shrinks, and vice versa.

The caliper unit of first pair and the second centering can also operate at least two groups, wherein during yawing rotation One group operates differently with another group.In instances, it but is not limited to, the half of all caliper units may be at load shape State is engaged with brake disc, and the other half caliper unit may be at unloaded condition, i.e., with braking disk detachment.

According to one embodiment, the first and second actuating units are configured to the independent operation during yaw, wherein described One in first and second actuating units is stretched in one direction, and another in first and second actuating unit One is shunk in the opposite direction.

During relatively small yawing rotation, i.e., yaw is equal to or less than the angle threshold on any direction of rotation, and/or During relatively large yawing rotation, i.e., yaw is greater than the angle threshold on any direction of rotation, can as described above in groups Operate each actuating unit.

In an example, the first actuating unit can by driving unit from retracted position towards extended position actively Ground stretching, extension, and the second actuator can initiatively be shunk from extended position towards retracted position, or vice versa.Alternatively, described One in first and second actuating units can initiatively move as described above, and another actuating unit is due to this The active movement of a actuating unit and passively move.This allows yaw system to be applied according to the aerodynamic force acted on rotor At least minimum driving torque or maximum drive torque.

In another example, the first and second actuating units can be stretched by driving unit from retracted position direction Position is initiatively stretched, or is actively shunk from extended position towards retracted position.Alternatively, the first and second actuators list One in member can initiatively move as described above, and another actuating unit is due to the active of this actuating unit It moves and passively moves.This allows yaw system to apply the necessary driving torque needed so that cabin and Rotor Yaw.This Allow some actuating units for relocating the caliper unit not being engaged.

Actively the quantity of mobile actuating unit can change, for example, as wind speed, wind direction or wind turbine blade On load function.This allows yaw system to save energy and only the starting execution required amount of actuator list of yawing rotation Member.The actuating unit passively moved can be optionally serve as brake, by adjusting in these actuating units Portion's pressure controls the speed of yawing rotation.

According to a specific embodiment, the first and second caliper units are further configured to during yaw independently It is operated, wherein one in first and second caliper unit is engaged with brake disc, and described first and second cause Another in dynamic device unit is detached from brake disc.

During relatively large yawing rotation, each caliper unit can also be operated in groups as described above.

In the first mode of operation, the first caliper unit can be engaged by driving unit, while the second caliper list Member can be detached from by driving unit, and vice versa.Therefore, the first caliper unit can be used for executing yawing rotation, and second Caliper unit can be resetted by actuating unit as described above relative to brake disc.After caliper unit reset, system Dynamic pincers unit can operate in a second mode, wherein the first caliper unit can be detached from by driving unit, while the second system Dynamic pincers unit can be engaged by driving unit with brake disc.If necessary to further yawing rotation, then caliper unit can Alternately to switch between the first and second mode of operation.When cabin yaw is to desired yaw angle, the first and second systems Dynamic pincers unit can be engaged by driving unit with brake disc, so as to by cabin and therefore by locked rotor in desired yaw Angle.Therefore, by using wriggling function, cabin can be yawed into required yaw angle.This allows yaw system to apply at least The smallest holding torque, so that therefore cabin yaw simultaneously makes Rotor Yaw.

The quantity of the caliper unit of occlusion can also change, for example, as on wind speed, wind direction or wind turbine blade Load function.Then, the caliper unit of disengaging can reset, and then from the caliper unit of all or part of occlusions Adapter tube.This allows yaw system to save energy and only the starting execution required amount of caliper unit of yawing rotation.This also permits Perhaps yaw system applies at least the smallest holding torque always.

According to another specific embodiment, the first and second caliper units are configured to synchronize during yaw and be operated, Wherein all caliper units are engaged with brake disc.

During relatively large small movement, each caliper unit can be one in same operation mode as described above Play operation.Then, the first and second actuating units can move between retracted position and extended position as described above.This Yaw system is allowed to apply maximum holding torque and at least minimum driving torque or most according to the aerodynamic force that acts on rotor Big driving torque, yaws cabin.

According to one embodiment, brake disc extends towards the center of wind turbine tower, and at least described at least one A caliper unit or at least one described actuating unit are connected to main frame.

Yaw system can be arranged relative to the inner surface of wind turbine tower, and wherein brake disc can be inward towards aweather The center of power turbine pylon extends.This enables caliper unit and actuating unit to be located at the interior of wind turbine tower Portion is enable to have easy access to all parts and allows simply and readily to replace the component of any damage.

One end of actuating unit can be directly connected to the bottom end of main frame securely, for example, by bolt, screw or Other fasteners.Actuating unit can transfer to connect, such as be rotatably connected to the first mounting pin, first mounting pin jail Admittedly be connected to the bottom end of main frame.Caliper unit can be movably disposed relative to the bottom end of main frame.Caliper list Member can be strongly attached to one end of the second mounting pin, and the other end of second mounting pin can be slidably arranged in groove In, which is formed in the bottom end of main frame.This prevents caliper unit from radially moving when actuating unit is activated far From brake disc.Other kinds of radial fixing device can be used.Actuating unit can be connected in the other end, such as rotatable Ground is connected to the second mounting pin.This allows actuating unit to keep caliper unit mobile relative to brake disc.

Alternatively, actuating unit can be to connect at one end for example, passing through mounting bracket, such as it is rotatably connected to wind-force Turbine pylon.Actuating unit can be connected in the other end, such as be rotatably connected to another and caliper unit jail The mounting pin being solidly connected.The mounting pin can be towards the bottom of wind turbine tower.This also allows actuating unit to make to brake It is mobile relative to brake disc to clamp unit.

According to one embodiment, yaw bearing is one of ball bearing, roller bearing or sliding bearing.

The main frame of cabin is connected to first bearing part, and wind turbine tower such as its flange is connected to the second axis Bearing portion point.From cabin and thus the airload of rotor and structural load are transmitted to wind turbine tower by yaw bearing Frame.Yaw bearing can be sliding bearing, and wherein first bearing part can be rotatably arranged relative to second bearing part.The Two bearing portions may include multiple sliding shims towards first bearing part, such as be partially disposed in cavity.Main frame Bottom end can define first bearing part and can be slided along sliding shim.This generates generally constant friction torsions Square, this transfers to reduce the opposite yawing rotation under low wind speed.The lubricant supplied by external lubrication system, for example, lubricating oil or Lubricating grease can be introduced between the slidingsurface of the first and second bearing portions, to reduce the friction and wear of sliding shim.

Yaw bearing can be ball bearing or roller bearing, wherein the first and second bearing portions can be by more A ball or roller are rotatably connected to each other.The gap between two bearing portions can be sealed, with prevent dust, moisture, Rainwater or other particles enter gap and pollute ball or roller.It gap can be partially or completely by lubricant, such as lubricating oil Or lubricating grease filling, optionally, supplying from external lubrication system should lubricant.This reduce what is generated in ball or roller bearing Friction, therefore the torque that cabin and Rotor Yaw need becomes smaller.Which also eliminates any negative between cabin and yaw bearing The needs of the sliding shim of load, sliding shim may generate big sharp noise due to stick slip vibration.Furthermore, it is not necessary that lubrication Sliding shim, therefore reduce the risk of grease contaminated peripheral parts.

Compared with using traditional yaw system of yaw motor and sliding shim, which combines with driving unit Provide silencing system.Noise can be substantially all derived from driving unit, compared with traditional yaw system, for wind turbine Interior staff and anyone near wind turbine is lived in, more tolerable sound caused by the driving unit Sound is in much lower decibel level.

Another known problem of traditional yaw system is, friction torque is according to the lubrication and wear condition of sliding shim And airload and structural load and significant changes from cabin and rotor.It reduce the available driving energy of yaw motor Power.This yaw system has the available driving energy for by Load Balanced being distributed on multiple actuating units and increasing driving unit The advantages of power.Compared with traditional yaw system, this also allows the easy promotion or upgrading of this yaw system.

According to one embodiment, yaw system is configured in multiple angular segments yaw cabin along a direction of rotation, Wherein each angular segments are limited by the retracted position and the extended position of at least one actuating unit.

Relative motion between the retracted position and extended position of each actuating unit defines absolute angle section, wherein Cabin can yaw and caliper unit is not necessarily to reset.The relative motion of each actuating unit and absolute angle section thus Can be according to the desired yaw misalignment of the wind direction relative to measurement, i.e. yaw error selects.

In instances, it but is not limited to, can choose actuating unit with opposite between 100 millimeters [mm] and 500mm Movement, or limit the absolute angle section between 2 degree and 20 degree.The angular segments can also be relative to reference yaw angle in any rotation Turn to limit the angular movement between ± 1 degree and ± 10 degree on direction.This allows most of yaws of this yaw system correction cabin Error, without resetting caliper unit.Control unit can be configured as when between the current yaw angle and wind direction of cabin When yaw misalignment or yaw error are more than predetermined threshold, start yaw system.

Control unit can be configured to yaw cabin and therefore make Rotor Yaw at the selected yaw relative to wind direction Angle, for example, keeping rotor windward or leeward by actuating unit and caliper unit.Can retracted position and extended position it Between any position stop actuating unit and thus stop caliper unit, such as by closing control valve, to allow machine Cabin is locked in any desired yaw angle, for example, between 0 degree and 360 degree.When cabin yaw to desired yaw angle, example When being such as aligned with wind direction, actuating unit and therefore caliper unit can optionally reset to final position, so that cabin It can similarly be yawed on any direction of rotation relative to the deflection angle, without resetting caliper unit.

According to one embodiment, the circle of the caliper units of a certain number of actuating units and respective numbers along brake disc Week distribution, the quantity is between 4 and 16.

As previously mentioned, actuating unit and caliper unit can be set into it is multipair, along the circle distribution of brake disc.Such as All actuating units of fruit are towards identical direction of rotation, then actuating unit and caliper unit can be set in alternating order It sets.Alternatively, first pair and second pair of the first actuating unit or first pair and second pair of the first caliper unit or third Caliper unit can position adjacent to each other.

The quantity and phase of actuating unit can be selected according to the capacity of the configuration of wind turbine and wind turbine Answer the caliper unit of quantity.In instances, but be not limited to, the quantity can between 4 to 16, for example, between 8 to 12, Or Any Digit therebetween.

According to one embodiment, yaw system further includes at least third system relative to the setting of at least one described brake disc Dynamic pincers unit, wherein at least third caliper unit is strongly attached to main frame and is connected further to described at least one A actuating unit.

Optionally, actuating unit may be coupled to another caliper unit, i.e., fixed caliper unit, rather than Actuating unit is directly connected to main frame.The caliper unit can be strongly attached to the bottom end of main frame, for example, logical Bolt, screw or other fasteners are crossed, and are fixed on radial direction.Alternatively, caliper unit may be coupled to mounting pin or Every one end of element, the other end may be coupled to the bottom end of main frame.The caliper unit is may be coupled on driving unit And it is operated by control unit.

Therefore, actuating unit can be located in packaged type caliper unit and the fixed caliper list as previously described Between member.The two caliper units can have identical configuration or different configurations.This allows above-mentioned actuating unit Quantity is reduced to half.In the configuration, the driving torque of each actuating unit can double, to keep maximum drive to turn round Square.

During relatively small yawing rotation, first pair and second pair of third caliper unit can pass through driving unit It is detached from, while the first and/or second caliper unit can be engaged by driving unit.It therefore, can be as described above by the One or second actuating unit reset any first or second caliper unit for not being engaged.This allows driving unit to apply at least The smallest driving torque and the smallest holding torque.

During relatively large yawing rotation, first pair and second pair of third caliper unit can be single by driving Member is detached from, while the first and/or second caliper unit can be engaged by driving unit.Then, the first and second actuator Unit can be moved along opposite direction of rotation.Then, first pair and second pair of third caliper unit can pass through driving Unit occlusion.In addition, the first and/or second caliper unit can be detached from and be resetted by driving unit as described above.Then, First pair and second pair of third caliper unit can be detached from by driving unit, while the first and/or second caliper list Member can be engaged by driving unit.If desired, can repeat the above process.Therefore, by using alternate wriggling function, Cabin can yaw desired yaw angle.

The purpose of the present invention is also realized by a kind of method of yaw system for operating wind turbine, comprising:

The wind turbine with the rotor being arranged relative to cabin is provided, the rotor includes being installed to wheel hub extremely Few two wind turbine blades, the wheel hub are configured to be rotatably connected to the power train in wind turbine,

Cabin is rotatably connected to wind turbine tower by yaw system, cabin includes main frame, the main frame Frame is configured to support rotor during rotation, and main frame has the bottom end on the top towards wind turbine tower during installation,

Wind turbine tower includes the flange that the top end is arranged in, which is configured to connect to yaw system,

Yaw system further includes brake disc and at least one caliper unit relative to brake disc setting, this at least one A caliper unit includes at least one brake pad, which is configured to move between occlusal position and disengaging configuration Dynamic, at least one described caliper unit is also connected to driving unit, and the driving unit is configured as at least making described in operation Dynamic pincers unit,

First at least one described caliper unit is positioned relative to brake disc,

First at least one described actuating unit is set relative at least one described caliper unit It sets, the first actuating unit is connected to by the second caliper unit by least one moving element,

At least the first actuating unit or the first caliper unit are coupled at least one driving unit,

By being engaged the first caliper unit with brake disc and moving the first actuating unit in one direction, make Cabin is yawed relative to wind turbine tower, and

Optionally, by the way that the first actuating unit is stopped at predetermined position and keeps the first caliper unit and braking Disk occlusion, is maintained at yaw angle for cabin.

This provides a kind of method simply and readily for installing yaw system as described above.This method make it possible to from The inside of wind turbine tower is close to actuating unit and caliper unit.And some traditional yaw systems need to yaw Motor and pinion gear are mounted on the outer surface of yaw bearing.This to provide easy access to during maintenance and repair each Component.

Caliper unit is positioned relative to brake disc, so that brake pad is towards the contact surface in brake disc.Then it makes Dynamic pincers unit is removably couplable to main frame, for example, being connected to the second mounting pin and by the installation by that will brake wrench structure In the groove of pin insertion main frame bottom end.Actuating unit is locating and connect to main frame relative to main frame, such as passes through One mounting pin.Alternatively, actuating unit may be coupled to fixed caliper unit, which connects securely It is connected to main frame.Before or after installing caliper unit, actuating unit can be connected to by above-mentioned moving element can Mobile caliper unit and/or fixed caliper unit.For each pair of actuating unit of the circle distribution along brake disc And caliper unit, repeat the process.Then, actuating unit and/or caliper unit pass through at least one suitable pipeline Or hose arrangement is coupled to driving unit.This enables worker to install this yaw system, without in limited available cabin It is in place that multiple yaw motors are manipulated in space.Further, since this yaw system is coupled without using tooth form, worker need not will be any small Gear is correctly aligned with gear ring.

Each caliper unit and actuating unit use suitable control unit, for example, wind turbine control system into Row operation.When cabin yaw is to desired yaw angle, the movement of actuating unit stops, and caliper unit is stung with brake disc It closes, that is, is in its load condition.This enables yaw system by applying maximum holding torque, and making cabin thus makes rotor phase Wind turbine is locked.

This yaw system can be appropriately mounted in the arbitrary wind-power turbine with brake disc, therefore this yaw system It may be mounted in new wind turbine or be retrofitted in existing wind turbine.Advantageously, this yaw system can be with It is used in combination with ball bearing or roller bearing, however, it can also be used in the wind-force with another type of yaw bearing In turbine.

According to one embodiment, described the step of yawing cabin relative to wind turbine tower, includes:

Further along the opposite direction or the same direction relative to this direction, at least one mobile described cause At least second in dynamic device unit.

According to the orientation of each actuating unit, they can shrink or stretch on the direction of substantially tangent line.Each cause Dynamic device unit can be set at least two groups, wherein one group of stretching, extension, and at least another group of contraction.Alternatively, two groups can be according to the phase The yaw direction of prestige is stretched or is shunk.Similarly, at least two groups can be set into each caliper unit, wherein one group of occlusion, And at least another group of disengaging.Alternatively, two groups can be engaged simultaneously.Every group of starting can be controlled by control unit.

If necessary to relatively small yawing rotation, then the first and second caliper units can keep being engaged with brake disc.Extremely Few first actuating unit can actively be moved by driving unit along direction clockwise or counterclockwise, such as be stretched.The Two actuating units can also be moved actively in the same rotational direction, such as be shunk, so that driving unit be enable to apply Maximum drive torque.Alternatively, the second actuating unit of the second centering can due to the first actuating unit movement and in phase It is passively moved on same direction of rotation, therefore driving unit can apply the smallest driving torque.It can be by changing actively The quantity of mobile actuating unit adjusts the amount of the driving torque of application.

According to one embodiment, this method is further comprised the steps of:

Before the movement, at least second at least one described caliper unit is made to be engaged with braking disk detachment,

At least second caliper unit is mobile relative to the brake disc, and

After movement, it will at least the second caliper unit be engaged again with brake disc.

If necessary to relatively large yawing rotation, then actuating unit and caliper unit can be in different operation moulds Between formula alternately.First caliper unit can keep being engaged with brake disc, and the first actuating unit can be revolved at one Turn to move on direction, such as stretches.Second caliper unit can be moved out to be engaged with brake disc, and second actuator Unit can move in the opposite rotation direction, such as stretch.Then, the second caliper device unit can be moved to and brake Disk occlusion, and the first caliper unit can be moved out and be engaged with brake disc.Then, the first actuating unit can be It moves, such as shrinks on the opposite direction of rotation, and the second actuating unit can be on one direction of rotation It is mobile, such as shrink.Then, the first caliper unit can be moved to and be engaged with brake disc, and the second caliper unit can It is engaged with being moved out with brake disc.It can repeat the above process until cabin is located in desired yaw angle.

According to one embodiment, this method is further comprised the steps of:

Further the third at least one described caliper unit is positioned relative to brake disc, by the third Caliper unit is strongly attached to main frame,

The first actuating unit is further connected to the third caliper unit, and

It is when yawing cabin, the first caliper unit is mobile relative to third caliper unit.

One or more of above-mentioned first pair and second pair may include two caliper units, and wherein actuating unit is set It sets between the two caliper units.

During relatively small yawing rotation, the third caliper unit of first pair and the second centering can be moved out with The occlusion of brake disc.Then, the first and second caliper units can keep being engaged with brake disc.First actuating unit can be with It moves, such as stretches in one rotational direction, and the second actuating unit can also move in the same rotational direction, Such as it shrinks.When cabin yaw is to desired yaw angle, the third caliper unit of first pair and the second centering can be moved To being engaged again with brake disc.This allows driving unit to apply at least minimum driving torque.

During relatively large yawing rotation, the third caliper unit of first pair and the second centering can be moved out With being engaged for brake disc.Then, the first and second caliper units can keep being engaged with brake disc.First actuating unit can It to move in one rotational direction, such as stretches, and the second actuating unit can also be on one direction of rotation It is mobile, such as shrink.The third caliper unit of first pair and the second centering can be subsequently moved to be engaged with brake disc.So Afterwards, the first and second caliper units can be moved out is engaged with brake disc.First actuating unit is to can be opposite Direction of rotation on move, such as shrink, and the second actuating unit of the second centering can also be in the opposite rotation It moves, such as stretches on direction.Then, the first and second caliper units can be engaged with brake disc again.Then, first pair It can be moved out with the third caliper unit of the second centering and be engaged with brake disc.If necessary to further yaw fortune It is dynamic, then it can repeat the process.When cabin yaw is to desired yaw angle, third caliper unit and the first and second brakings Pincers unit can be all engaged with brake disc again.This allows to yaw cabin using the wriggling function of substitution.

At least one of according to one embodiment, this method is further comprising the steps of:

The old actuating unit of at least one actuating unit is adjacent at least one caliper unit Caliper unit disconnects, and removes the old actuating unit, clamps the new actuator of cell location relative to the ad-jacent brake Unit, and new actuating unit is reconnected to adjacent caliper unit, or

The old caliper unit of at least one caliper unit is adjacent at least one actuating unit Actuating unit disconnects, and removes the old caliper unit, fixed relative to the adjacent actuators unit and brake disc Position new brake clamps unit, and new caliper unit is reconnected to adjacent actuating unit.

Method also provides for the methods simply and readily for repairing or repairing yaw system as described above.By will be inclined The component of boat system is placed on the inside of wind turbine, and worker is not by the limit of the confined space between main frame and engine room cover System.Therefore, worker can be easily close to all parts, and can be repaired in fast and convenient mode.

If parts damages need replacing, worker can from wind turbine tower close to damage component and by its from Driving unit separation.Therefore, the component of damage can be easily removed, and new component can be easily positioned.Once will New component installation is in place, new component can be reconnected to actuator unit.

Hereinafter, specific purposes and the realization of above-mentioned principle are disclosed.

The purpose of the present invention realizes that the wind turbine, which has, is rotatably connected to tower by a kind of wind turbine Frame and the cabin for being configured with yaw system, the yaw system are used to that cabin to be positioned and be locked during the operation of wind turbine It is scheduled on the yaw position relative to pylon.Wind turbine includes that at least one is fixed to the brake disc of pylon, at least one system Dynamic pincers unit, at least one caliper unit include at least one brake pad, which is engaged configured with brake disc Position and disengaging configuration, and it is also connected to driving unit, which is configured to operate at least one described caliper list Member.There may be at least one actuating unit, which is fixed to cabin and is configured as by extremely A few moving element moves at least one caliper between retracted position and extended position.

Actuating unit may be coupled to two caliper units, and one of caliper unit is configured to relative to cabin Packaged type caliper unit, and another caliper unit is fixed as fixed caliper unit relative to cabin.

It is thus achieved that cabin can be made to lock relative to pylon when the mobile packaged type caliper unit of actuator. The locking can be executed in the case where keeping larger holding torque by being furthermore achieved.

Another advantage is that the configuration, which can save space and/or increase, keeps torque and/or each caliper list of reduction The abrasion of member.

Another advantage is that the configuration can permit caliper unit setting, and there are many caliper units to arrange, fixed Formula and packaged type, and actuator is arranged to face to the same direction, such as clockwise or counterclockwise, so that when removable When the brake pad of formula caliper unit is in occlusal position, extension actuator causes cabin to move clockwise, and when contraction When in contrast.

Under special circumstances, the brake pad that actuator may be at the position of full extension, and be engaged accordingly by This provides the holding torque of the actuator torque independently of the middle position in actuator direction of extension.

Similarly, when actuator is in fully collapsed position, keep torque can be independently of in actuator contraction direction On middle position actuator torque.

Meanwhile one or more fixed brake units can have the brake pad being engaged accordingly, to provide machine Generally rigid locking of the cabin relative to pylon.

On the one hand, packaged type caliper unit is rotatably connected to moving element by the first mounting pin.One A aspect, actuating unit are rotatably connected to the main frame of cabin by the second mounting pin, and the second mounting pin is also connected to Fixed caliper unit.

In one aspect, the first mounting pin is identical as the second mounting pin.This allows fixed and packaged type caliper list Member is identical and/or interchangeable.

In one aspect, packaged type caliper unit is configured with guide pin, which is provided in main frame Groove interaction.Groove can prevent caliper unit from radially moving.Another advantage can be, actuator It can be stretched than other modes longer.

In one aspect, packaged type caliper unit can be exchanged with fixed caliper unit.Packaged type clamp list Member can be identical as fixed brake unit.By similar or identical mounting pin and main frame or mounting flange, it is ready to receive Mounting pin, caliper unit can be used identical element and be easy to set up or reset.There may be multiple receiver holes, permit Perhaps it various configurations and rearranges.

In one aspect, yaw system includes at least a pair of of actuating unit, wherein the first actuating unit is configured to It shrinks and stretches in the opposite direction of second actuating unit.

This allows corresponding first packaged type caliper unit to operate in one direction, and corresponding second removable Dynamic formula caliper unit operates on the same direction or opposite direction.Operation can be synchronous or independent of each other, make in this way When proper another is engaged and moves, one is positioned while being detached from.Meanwhile fixed caliper unit can be engaged at any time and Locking.

Therefore, in one aspect, yaw system includes at least a pair of of actuating unit, and each actuating unit has removable Dynamic formula caliper unit and fixed caliper unit, wherein the first actuating unit is configured to make the first packaged type caliper list Member is shunk and is stretched on the opposite direction of the second actuating unit, which is configured to make second to move Clamp unit is shunk and stretching, extension.

In one aspect, yaw system is configured with fixed device, so that pylon becomes cabin, and vice versa.Ability Field technique personnel will be understood that disclosed arrangement can exchange relative to each other.

A purpose is realized by the method for disclosed operation wind turbine.This method includes fixed relative to pylon The movement of position cabin is detached from occlusion by setting the brake disc of all fixed caliper units to, and makes accordingly to make Moving plate is engaged, and one, multiple or all packaged type caliper units is engaged, Lai Dingwei cabin.

As needed, disclosed structural detail can be used for realizing following movement.

There may be by start in the same direction corresponding one, multiple or all actuators come move one, it is more The movement of the packaged type caliper unit of a or all occlusion brake discs.

In one aspect, this method may further include by making to brake disk detachment accordingly, so that one, Duo Gehuo The movement that all removable caliper units are detached from, and by one in starting opposite direction, multiple or all actuators, The movement of one mobile, multiple or all packaged type caliper units for being detached from brake disc.

In one aspect, this method can also include by starting one, multiple or all fixed caliper units To lock the movement of cabin relative to pylon in its occlusal position.

In one aspect, one or more but and not all packaged type caliper unit brake disc can be made to be engaged and phase The actuator answered is locked, it thus provides to the option that the holding is classified, and allow to position the packaged type not being engaged Caliper unit, or reduce the abrasion for the packaged type caliper unit not being engaged.

There may be the movements for the one or more movements summarized before repeating.

A purpose is realized by the method for operation wind turbine as outlined above, and wherein yaw system includes At least a pair of of actuating unit, each actuating unit have packaged type caliper unit and fixed caliper unit.First Actuating unit, which can be configured as the opposite direction along the second actuating unit, shrinks the first packaged type caliper unit And stretching, extension, second actuating unit are configured to that the second removable clamp unit is made to shrink and stretch.

This method may include acting the movement for positioning cabin relative to pylon by following.

There may be set all fixed caliper units to be detached from the movement of brake disc.

There may be the movements that one, multiple or all first packaged type caliper units are arranged in retracted position.

There may be one, multiple or all first removable caliper units to be engaged, it is engaged corresponding brake disc Movement.

There may be stretch one, multiple or all first packaged type calipers by corresponding first actuating unit The movement of unit.

Similarly, the method that operation wind turbine may be present, wherein this method includes being acted by following by cabin phase For the movement of pylon positioning.

Therefore, this method, which can permit one or more packaged type caliper units, yaws cabin, while positioning it His caliper unit.Meanwhile fixed brake caliper unit can be used for locking cabin.

There may be set all fixed caliper units to be detached from the movement of brake disc.

There may be the movements that one, multiple or all second packaged type caliper units are arranged in extended position.

There may be one, the occlusions of multiple or all second packaged type caliper units, are engaged corresponding brake disc Movement.

There may be shrink one, multiple or all second packaged type calipers by corresponding second actuating unit The movement of unit.

Continue above-mentioned location action, there may be the first and second packaged type caliper units are respectively set The movement with extended position is being shunk, and is essentially synchronously executing stretching, extension and shrinks corresponding first and second caliper unit Movement.

Be likely present make one, multiple or all first packaged type caliper units be detached from, and shrink one, it is multiple Or the movement of all first packaged type caliper units.

Be likely present make one, multiple or all second packaged type caliper units be detached from, and stretch one, it is more The movement of a or all second packaged type caliper units.

Possibly even exist and is further stung by starting one, multiple or all fixed caliper units at it Coincidence is set, while being shunk corresponding first packaged type caliper unit or being stretched corresponding second removable clamp unit and carrying out phase Movement for pylon locking cabin.

It can repeat above-mentioned movement.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the movement of stretching, extension can be the movement of contraction, and the movement shunk can be The movement of stretching, extension.That is, the direction of event or sequence can overturn.

A purpose may be implemented by the method for disclosed operation wind turbine, this method passes through one or more A caliper unit starts the movement for locking cabin relative to pylon in occlusal position.

In one aspect, lock out action may include that two caliper units are substantially locked in occlusal position simultaneously.

In one aspect, lock out action may include that one or more packaged type caliper units are locked in occlusion position Set, at the same one, multiple or all fixed caliper units be in disengaging configuration.

In one aspect, one or more actuators either actively or passively move corresponding packaged type caliper list Member.

In one aspect, when being moved below threshold value, occlusion one, multiple or all fixed caliper units.

This further allows packaged type caliper unit realizing " hard " locking by starting fixed caliper unit Yawing rotation is suppressed to lower than a certain special exercise before.

Inhibit to balance between mobile and passive movement in active.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein, thus described embodiment can combine in any way without Away from the purpose of the present invention.

Detailed description of the invention

Only by example and referring to attached drawing, present invention is described, in which:

Fig. 1 shows the exemplary embodiment of wind turbine,

Fig. 2 shows the exemplary embodiment of yaw system according to the present invention,

Fig. 3 shows the cross-sectional view of yaw system shown in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 shows the first setting of caliper unit and actuating unit,

Fig. 5 shows the second setting of caliper unit and actuating unit,

Fig. 6 a-c shows the first demonstration according to the present invention for making cabin with respect to the method that wind turbine tower yaws Property embodiment,

Fig. 6 ai-ci shows the embodiment using fixed caliper unit and packaged type caliper unit,

Fig. 7 a-f shows the second exemplary embodiment of the method for yawing cabin,

Fig. 7 ai-fi shows the embodiment using fixed caliper unit and packaged type caliper unit, and

Fig. 8 a-b, bi show driving unit exemplary embodiment and caliper unit and actuating unit it is corresponding Setting；This can be applied to the configuration for also using fixed caliper unit.

Hereinafter, these figures will be described one by one, and the different components seen in attached drawing and position will be different attached With identical digital number in figure.All components shown in certain figures and position not necessarily together with the attached drawing into Row discusses.

Label list

1 wind turbine

2 pylons

3 cabins

4 wheel hubs

5 wind turbine blades

6 yaw systems

7 caliper units (packaged type)

8 actuating units

9 moving elements

10 main frames

11 brake discs

12 mounting flanges

13 yaw bearing units

14 first bearing parts

15 second bearing parts

16 first mounting pins

17 grooves

18 second mounting pins

19 clamp structures

20 brake pads

21 caliper units (fixed)

22 first caliper units

22.7 first packaged type caliper units

22.21 the first fixed caliper unit

23 first actuating units

24 direction of rotation

25 second caliper units

25.7 second packaged type caliper units

25.21 the second fixed caliper unit

26 second actuating units

27 refer to yaw angle

28 expectation yaw angles

29 driving units

30 pipelines or guard system

31 pumping systems

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1 shows the exemplary embodiment of wind turbine 1.Wind turbine 1 includes being arranged in ground (not shown) On wind turbine tower 2.The top of wind turbine tower 2 is arranged in cabin 3, and is configured to via yaw system (Fig. 2 In show) opposite wind turbine tower 2 yaws.Wheel hub 4 is rotatably arranged with respect to cabin 3, wherein at least two wind-force whirlpool Turbine blade 5 is installed to wheel hub 5.Here, there are three wind turbine blades 5 for the configuration of wind turbine 1.Rotor, i.e. wheel hub 4 And wind turbine blade 5, it is connected to the generator (not shown) being arranged in cabin 3 via drive shaft (not shown), is used for Produce electricl energy output.

Fig. 2 shows the exemplary embodiments of yaw system 6 comprising the cause of multiple caliper units 7 and other quantity Dynamic device unit 8.Actuating unit 8 and caliper unit 7 be arranged in pairs and by control unit (not shown) individually or together The operation of step ground.Actuating unit 8 is shown here as linear actuators, the moving element 9 with extensible piston rod type.System Dynamic pincers unit 7 is shown here as packaged type caliper unit.

One end of each actuating unit 8 is strongly attached to be located in cabin 3 by mounting pin (showing in Fig. 3 and 4) Main frame 10.The other end of actuating unit 8 is connected to adjacent braking by another mounting pin (showing in Fig. 3 and 4) Clamp unit 7.

7 relative brake disk 11 of caliper unit is movably disposed, and brake disc 11 is mounted on wind turbine tower 2, Such as it is mounted on the mounting flange 12 of top setting of wind turbine tower 2.

Actuating unit 8 is configured to make 7 opposing actuator unit 8 of caliper unit by stretching or shrinking moving element 9 And thereby relative brake disk 11 is mobile.

Fig. 3 shows the cross-sectional view of yaw system 6 shown in Fig. 2, and wherein yaw system further includes ball bearing form Yaw bearing unit 13.Yaw bearing unit 13 has first bearing part 14 and opposite first bearing part 14 rotatably The second bearing part 15 of setting.First bearing 14 is strongly attached to main frame 10, and second bearing part 15 is securely It is connected to the mounting flange 12 of wind turbine tower 2.

Caliper unit 7 is connected to the first mounting pin 16, and the form of the first mounting pin 16 is the cunning extended towards main frame 10 Action-oriented pin.Main frame 10 has the groove 17 being arranged in bottom end, which is configured to oneself of the first mounting pin 16 of reception By holding.When caliper unit 7 is mobile, the first mounting pin 16 can be slided along groove 17.First mounting pin 16 and groove 17 are anti- Only caliper unit 7 moves radially.

Fig. 4 shows the first setting of caliper unit 7 and actuating unit 8.Actuating unit 8 passes through the second mounting pin 18 are connected to main frame 10, as shown in figure 3, by suitable clamp device, such as bolt, screw or other fasteners are firm by it Admittedly be connected to the bottom end of main frame 10.

The free end of moving element 9 is rotatably connected to the first mounting pin 16.Alternatively or additionally, actuator list The other end of member 8 is rotatably connected to the second mounting pin 18.This makes actuating unit 8 that can substantially follow caliper list The rotary motion of member 7.

Caliper unit 7 includes clamp structure 19, is provided with multiple brake pads 20.Brake pad 20 is configured to removable Dynamic brake pad can move between occlusal position and disengaging configuration, and in occlusal position, brake pad is to brake disc 11 Apply pressure, in disengaging configuration, brake pad does not apply pressure to brake disc 11.There are two systems for the outfit of caliper unit 7 herein Mobile gasket, but it can be equipped with less or more brake pad.

Fig. 5 shows the second setting of caliper unit 7 and actuating unit 8.The setting is different from setting shown in Fig. 4 It sets, because being that actuating unit 8 ' is connected to two caliper units 7,21.Herein, a caliper unit 7 be configured as The upper packaged type caliper unit, and another caliper unit 21 is configured as fixed caliper unit.

Caliper unit 21 is also connected to the second mounting pin 18, which is strongly attached to main frame 10, Thus prevent caliper unit 21 from radially moving.Caliper unit 21 has identical as caliper unit 7 shown in Fig. 4 Structure.In this embodiment, actuating unit 8 ' has bigger moving element 9 ' than actuating unit 8, therefore has more Big driving torque.

Fig. 6 a-c shows the first of the method according to the present invention for yawing cabin 3 relative to wind turbine tower 2 Exemplary embodiment.When the embodiment is suitable for only needing relatively small yawing rotation.

First pair including the first caliper unit 22 and the first actuating unit 23 is configured such that the first actuator Unit 23 (is indicated) towards a direction of rotation by arrow 24.Including the second caliper unit 25 and the second actuating unit 26 Second pair is arranged so that the second actuating unit 26 towards opposite direction of rotation (being indicated by arrow 24 ').

It (is indicated by arrow 27) firstly, cabin 3 is located in reference to yaw angle, as shown in Figure 6 a.First and second calipers Unit 22,25 is all placed on their occlusal position, so that the brake pad 20 of each caliper unit 22,25 is to brake disc 11 Apply pressure.Optionally, the first and second caliper units 22,25 are further located at reference position.

As shown in Figure 6 b, if necessary to yawing rotation in the counterclockwise direction, start the first actuating unit 23, make movable Element 9 stretches, and stretches the first caliper unit 22 towards extended position.Start the second actuating unit 26, making can Dynamic element 9 is shunk, and shrinks the second caliper unit 25 to retracted position.

When the yaw of cabin 3 to desired yaw angle (being indicated by arrow 28 ') for example, when realigning wind direction, stopping first With the movement of the second actuating unit 23,26.Then, by driving unit (being shown in Fig. 8) by the first and second actuator lists Member 23,26 is maintained at its current location, so that cabin 3 is locked in desired yaw angle.

As fig. 6 c, if necessary to yawing rotation along clockwise direction, start the first actuating unit 23, and making can Dynamic element 9 is shunk, and shrinks the first caliper unit 22 towards retracted position.Start the second actuating unit 26 simultaneously Moving element 9 is stretched, and stretches the second caliper unit 25 towards extended position.

When cabin 3 deflects into desired yaw angle (being indicated by arrow 28 "), the first and second actuating units 23,26 Movement stop, and cabin 3 is locked in desired yaw angle as described above.

The relative motion of first and second actuating units 23,26 defines an angular segments (by the institute of arrow 28 ' and 28 " The endpoint of instruction), wherein yaw system 6 can make the yaw of cabin 3 without relocating caliper unit 7.

Fig. 6 ai-ci shows the embodiment for implementing the setting of Fig. 5.Attached drawing is merely illustrative, and those skilled in the art Member can set caliper unit and actuator to have required spacing, and required spacing is according to the quantity of the setting installed And/or depending on the size of actuator and arm.

In the figure of i- label, a caliper unit 7 is configured as packaged type caliper unit as described above, and Another caliper unit 21 is configured as fixed caliper unit.The embodiment is the example implemented, and is described A kind of specific operation mode.

Fig. 6 ai shows the pairs of caliper unit and actuating unit around circumference setting.

Referring to the name in Fig. 6 a-c, there are the first settings, can with being connected to the first of the first actuating unit 23 Mobile caliper unit 22.7 and the first fixed caliper unit 22.21.There are the second setting, has and be connected to the Second packaged type caliper unit 25.7 of two actuating units 26 and the second fixed caliper unit 25.21.

Cabin 3 is located in reference in yaw angle 27.First and second fixed caliper units 22.21,25.21 can be at Occlusal position.Alternatively or additionally, the first and second packaged type caliper units 22.7,25.21 can be at making cabin 3 The occlusal position locked relative to pylon 2.

When only fixed caliper unit 21 is engaged, removable clamp unit 7 can be positioned for ready for accordingly It is moved.Corresponding first and second packaged types caliper unit 22.7,25.7 can even position for ready for each other Independently moved.

If yawing rotation is that in the counterclockwise direction, as shown in Fig. 6 bi, there are several selections.

First packaged type caliper unit 22.7 can be ready to stretch and be engaged.Fixed caliper unit 21 can To be detached from.

First actuating unit 23 can stretch and lead to yaw counterclockwise.

Second packaged type caliper unit 25.7 can be ready to shrink and be engaged.Second actuating unit 26 can be with It shrinks and leads to yaw counterclockwise.

It may be performed simultaneously the starting of corresponding first and second actuating unit 23,26.The result is that rotating counterclockwise It is yawed on direction 24.

Mobile first packaged type caliper unit in can also being yawed by first on first in the counterclockwise direction 24a 22.7 execute yaw.During this period, it the second packaged type caliper unit 25.7 or is in place in place or just.The One packaged type caliper unit 22.7 can be detached from and the second packaged type caliper caliper unit 25.7 can be engaged and It shrinks, and continues the first yaw in the second yaw of 24b in the counterclockwise direction.Fixed caliper unit 21 can be stung at any time It closes.

When reaching desired yaw angle 28 ', fixed caliper unit 21 can be engaged, so that cabin 3 is locked in The position.Packaged type caliper unit 7 can support the locking or be ready to and (be positioned as) shrink and/or stretch Exhibition.Packaged type caliper unit 7 can also be engaged and actuator locks.

Desired yaw angle 28 " is deflected into along clockwise direction on the contrary, showing in Fig. 6 ci.

Fig. 7 a-f shows the second of the method according to the present invention for yawing cabin 3 relative to wind turbine tower 2 Exemplary embodiment.When the embodiment is adapted for needing relatively large yawing rotation.

Firstly, cabin 3 is located in reference in yaw angle (being indicated by arrow 27), as shown in Figure 7a.First and second brakings Pincers unit 22,25 is all placed on their occlusal position, so that the brake pad 20 of each caliper unit 22,25 is to brake disc 11 apply pressure.Optionally, the first and second caliper units 22,25 are further located at reference position.

As shown in Fig. 7 b-f, if necessary to yawing rotation in the counterclockwise direction, the first caliper unit 22, which is maintained at, is stung Coincidence is set, so that the holding of brake pad 20 is contacted with brake disc 11.Start the first actuating unit 23 stretching, extension moving element 9, from And stretch the first brake caliper unit 22 towards extended position, as shown in Figure 7b.Cabin 3 is to inclined among yaw to first Boat angle.

Second caliper unit 25 is moved to disengaging configuration, and in the disengaging configuration, brake pad 20 is not applied to brake disc 11 Plus-pressure, so that the second caliper unit 25 be enable to slide relative to brake disc 11.Start the stretching, extension of the second actuating unit 26 Moving element 9, to make the second caliper unit 25 slide towards extended position, as shown in Figure 7b.Therefore, in the first caliper When unit 22 is for yawing cabin 3, the second caliper unit 25s resets.

Then, the second caliper unit 25 is moved to occlusal position, in the occlusal position brake pad 20 to brake disc 11 Apply pressure.Start the second actuating unit 26 and shrink moving element 9, thus makes the second caliper unit 24 towards contraction Position is shunk, as shown in Figure 7 c.Therefore, cabin 3 is yawed to the second intermediate yaw angle.

First caliper unit 2 is moved to disengaging configuration, so that brake pad 20 does not apply pressure to brake disc 11, thus The first caliper unit 25 is set to slide relative to brake disc 11.Start the first actuating unit 23 and receives moving element 9 Contracting, and slide the first caliper unit 25 towards retracted position, as shown in Figure 7 c.Therefore, the first caliper unit 22 It resets, while the second caliper unit 25 is for yawing cabin 3.

If necessary to yawing rotation further on the same direction, then as shown in Fig. 7 d and Fig. 7 e, institute above is repeated respectively State the process about Fig. 7 b and Fig. 7 c.This makes it possible to machine by using the wriggling function controlled by control unit (not shown) Farther intermediate yaw angle is arrived in the yaw of cabin 3.

When the yaw of cabin 3 is to desired yaw angle (by arrow 28 " ' instruction), for example, stopping when realigning wind direction The only movement of the first and second actuating units 23,26, and the first and second caliper units 22,25 are moved to stinging for they Coincidence is set.Then, the first and second actuating units 23,26 are maintained at by its present bit by driving unit (showing in Fig. 8) It sets, so that cabin 3 is locked in desired yaw angle, as depicted in fig. 7f.Optionally, cabin 3 is being locked in desired yaw Before angle, the first and second caliper units 22,25 are further located at reference position.

As described above, the relative motion of the first and second actuating units 23,26 defines multiple angular segments, wherein yawing System 6 can make the yaw of cabin 3 until it reaches desired yaw angle.

Fig. 7 ai-fi shows the embodiment for the method for yawing cabin 3 relative to wind turbine tower 2.These diagrams The pairs of caliper unit and actuating unit around circumference setting is gone out.

Referring to the name in Fig. 7 a-f, there are the first setting, which, which has, is connected to the first actuating unit 23 The first packaged type caliper unit 22.7 and the first fixed caliper unit 22.21.There are the second settings, have It is connected to the second packaged type caliper unit 25.7 and the second fixed caliper unit of the second actuating unit 26 26.21。

Fig. 7 ai shows the cabin 3 being located in reference in yaw angle 27.Fixed caliper unit 21 can be engaged to incite somebody to action Cabin 3 is locked in reference position.Packaged type caliper unit 7 can in place, it is in place or be engaged additional to provide Locking.

If necessary to arrive the yawing rotation of desired yaw angle 28 " ' (Fig. 7 fi) in the counterclockwise direction, can execute following Movement.

First packaged type caliper unit 22.7 can be ready in retracted position and then occlusion.Fixed braking Unit 21 is clamped to be detached from.If the second packaged type caliper unit 25.7 is engaged, they are also detached from.

The first actuator 23 be can star so that the first packaged type caliper unit 22.7 stretches simultaneously in the counterclockwise direction And be engaged, cabin 3 is moved to the first intermediate deflection angle.At the same time or before this, removable by extension actuator unit, second 24 ' the movement along clockwise direction of dynamic formula caliper unit 25.7.This shows in Fig. 7 bi.

Continue simultaneously as shown in Fig. 7 ci, the second removable clamp unit 25.7 is engaged with disk.First removable clamp unit 22.7 are detached from.Then, the second removable clamp unit 25.7 24 is moved in the counterclockwise direction by shrinking the second actuating unit 26 It is dynamic.Cabin is moved to the second intermediate deflection angle as a result,.While doing so, the first packaged type caliper unit 22.7 can To be prepared by shrinking 24 movements along clockwise direction of the first actuator 23.

Fixed caliper unit 21 can be engaged at any time and lock cabin.In one aspect, fixed caliper unit 21 can be engaged before and after being detached from and being engaged the corresponding first and second removable clamp unit 22.7,25.7 just, Vice versa.On the other hand, corresponding the first or solid of the removable clamp 22.7,25.7 of will only be engaged first and second Fixed pattern caliper unit 22.21,25.21 is engaged and is detached from.

Fig. 7 di-fi, which is shown, is realizing desired yaw angle 28 " ' before intermediate yaw Angle Position repetitive operation.This When, fixed caliper unit 21 can be engaged, and cabin 3 is locked in desired yaw angle 28 ' " in.Then can position or Prepare the first and second packaged type caliper units 22.7,25.7.Optionally, packaged type caliper unit 7 can be engaged And it further helps to lock cabin 3.

On the other hand, if the second setting shown in Fig. 5 is the behaviour of the method according to shown in Fig. 6 a-ch or Fig. 7 a-f Make, each pair of of above-mentioned centering further includes third clamp unit, i.e. caliper unit 21.In two methods, caliper unit 21 It is opposite with the first and second caliper units 22, the operation of 25 phases.When cabin 3 is yawing, such as the first and/or second braking It clamps unit 22,25 to shrink or stretch, caliper unit 21 is in disengaging configuration.When the first and/or second caliper unit 22,25 It resets, for example, caliper unit 21 is in occlusal position when sliding along brake disc 11.

Fig. 8 a shows the exemplary embodiment of driving unit 27, and Fig. 8 b shows caliper unit 7 and actuator list The corresponding setting of member 8.Driving unit 29 is connected to corresponding 7 He of caliper unit by suitable fluid line or guard system 30 Actuating unit 8.Driving unit 29 includes suitable pumping system 31, is configured in corresponding caliper unit 7 and actuator Suitable fluid is recycled between unit 8.Herein, the fluid of circulation is hydraulic oil, but other fluids can be used.

Driving unit 29 is configured as according to the specific configuration and rated capacity of wind turbine 1 being each caliper unit 7 generate maximum holding torque and maximum driving torque.Herein, driving unit 29 is configured as generating in 200kNm and 1600kNm Between maximum keep torque and/or the maximum drive torque between 200kNm and 1600kNm.

Pumping system 31 is connected at least one first direction control valve, such as there are three positions for tool, transfer by first Group pipeline or pipe are connected to actuating unit 8.Pumping system 31 is also connected at least one second direction control valve, such as with two A position transfers to be connected to caliper unit 7 by second group of pipeline or pipe.The operation of directional control valve is by control unit control System.

Fig. 8 bi shows the setting of fixed and packaged type type caliper unit.By increasing additional fixation Formula caliper unit can easily modify drive system shown in Fig. 8 a.Fixed caliper unit can in Fig. 8 a Shown in packaged type caliper unit 7 it is identical.

The present invention may include one or more of following aspect.

Aspect 1, a kind of wind turbine, comprising:

Rotor is arranged relative to cabin, which includes at least two wind turbine blades for being installed to wheel hub, The wheel hub is configured to the power train being rotationally attached in the wind turbine,

Cabin is rotatably connected to wind turbine tower by yaw system, and cabin includes main frame, the master Frame is configured to support rotor during rotation, and main frame has the bottom on the top towards wind turbine tower during installation End,

Wind turbine tower comprising the flange of the top end is set, which is configured to connect to yaw system System,

Yaw system comprising yaw bearing unit, the yaw bearing unit have first bearing part and relative to the The second bearing part that one bearing portions is rotatably arranged, first bearing part are connected to main frame, and second bearing part connects It is connected to flange.Yaw system further includes brake disc and at least one caliper unit being arranged relative to brake disc, this at least one A caliper unit includes at least one brake pad, which is configured to move between occlusal position and disengaging configuration Dynamic, which is also connected to driving unit, which is configured to the operation at least caliper list Member,

Wherein, at least one actuating unit is connected at least one described caliper by least one moving element Unit, at least one described actuating unit are configured to receiving at least one described caliper by least one described element It condenses to set and be moved between extended position, wherein yaw system is configured to be in occlusion at least one described caliper unit When position, yaw cabin relative to pylon by least one mobile described actuating unit in one direction.

Aspect 2, according to the wind turbine of aspect 1, wherein at least one described actuating unit include the first actuator Unit and at least the second actuating unit, and at least one described caliper unit includes the first caliper unit and at least the Two caliper units, wherein the first actuating unit is connected to the first caliper unit by the first moving element, and at least Second actuating unit is connected at least the second caliper unit by least the second moving element.

Aspect 3, according to the wind turbine of aspect 2, wherein the first actuating unit towards a direction of rotation, and At least the second actuating unit is towards opposite direction of rotation.

Aspect, according to the wind turbine of aspect 2 or 3, wherein the first and second actuating units were configured in the yaw phase Between independently operated, wherein one in first and second actuating unit stretch in one direction and described One and second another in actuating unit shrinking in opposite direction.

Aspect 5, according to the wind turbine of aspect 4, wherein first and second caliper unit is additionally configured to It is independently operated during yaw, wherein one in first and second caliper unit is engaged and described with brake disc In first and second actuating units another and braking disk detachment.

Aspect 6, according to the wind turbine of aspect 4, wherein first and second caliper unit is configured to yawing Period, which synchronizes, to be operated, wherein all caliper units are engaged with brake disc.

Aspect 7, according to the wind turbine of either side in aspect 1 to 6, wherein brake disc is towards wind turbine tower The center of frame extends, and at least one at least described caliper unit or at least one described actuating unit are connected to main frame Frame.

Aspect 8, according to the wind turbine of either side in aspect 1 to 7, wherein yaw bearing is ball bearing, roller One in bearing or sliding bearing.

Aspect 9, according to the wind turbine of either side in aspect 1 to 8, wherein the yaw system is configured to more Yaw the cabin along a direction of rotation in a angular segments, wherein each angular segments are by least one described actuating unit Retracted position and extended position determine.

Aspect 10, according to the wind turbine of either side in aspect 1 to 9, wherein a certain number of actuating units and The caliper unit of respective numbers is along the circle distribution of brake disc, and the quantity is between 4 and 16.

Aspect 11, according to the wind turbine of either side in aspect 1 to 10, wherein the yaw system further includes phase For at least third caliper unit of at least one described brake disc setting, wherein at least third caliper unit is secured Ground is connected to main frame and is connected further at least one actuating unit.

Aspect 12, a kind of method for the yaw system for operating wind turbine, comprising:

The wind turbine with the rotor being arranged relative to cabin is provided, the rotor includes being installed to wheel hub extremely Few two wind turbine blades, the wheel hub are configured to be rotatably connected to the power train in wind turbine,

Cabin is rotatably connected to wind turbine tower by yaw system, cabin includes main frame, the main frame Frame is configured to support rotor during rotation, the bottom end on the top towards wind turbine tower when main frame has installation,

Wind turbine tower includes the flange that the top end is arranged in, which is configured to connect to yaw system,

Yaw system further includes brake disc and at least one caliper unit relative to brake disc setting, this at least one A caliper unit includes at least one brake pad, which is configured to move between occlusal position and disengaging configuration Dynamic, at least one described caliper unit is also connected to driving unit, and the driving unit is configured as at least making described in operation Dynamic pincers unit,

First at least one described caliper unit is positioned relative to brake disc,

First at least one described actuating unit is set relative at least one described caliper unit It sets, the first actuating unit is connected to by the second caliper unit by least one moving element,

At least the first actuating unit or the first caliper unit are coupled at least one driving unit,

By being engaged the first caliper unit with brake disc and moving the first actuating unit in one direction, make Cabin is yawed relative to wind turbine tower, and

Optionally, by the way that the first actuating unit is stopped at predetermined position and keeps the first caliper unit and braking Disk occlusion, is maintained at yaw angle for cabin.

Aspect 13, according to the wind turbine of aspect 12, wherein it is described make cabin relative to wind turbine tower yaw The step of include:

Relative to one contrary direction or the same direction, further at least one mobile described actuating At least second in device unit.

Aspect 14, according to the wind turbine of aspect 13, wherein the method also includes steps:

Before the movement, at least second at least one described caliper unit is made to be engaged with braking disk detachment,

At least the second caliper unit is moved relative to the brake disc, and

After movement, it will at least the second caliper unit be engaged again with brake disc.

Aspect 15, according to the wind turbine of either side in aspect 12 to 14, wherein the method also includes steps:

Further the third at least one described caliper unit is positioned relative to brake disc, by the third Caliper unit is strongly attached to main frame,

The first actuating unit is further connected to the third caliper unit, and

When yawing cabin, relative to mobile first caliper unit of third caliper unit.

Aspect 16, according to the wind turbine of either side in aspect 12 to 15, wherein this method is further comprising the steps of At least one of:

The old actuating unit of at least one actuating unit is adjacent at least one caliper unit Caliper unit disconnects, and removes the old actuating unit, positions new actuator list relative to the adjacent caliper unit Member, and new actuating unit is reconnected to adjacent caliper unit, or

The old actuating unit of at least one caliper unit is adjacent at least one actuating unit Actuating unit disconnects, and removes the old caliper unit, new relative to the adjacent actuators unit and brake disc positioning Caliper unit, and new brake pincers unit is reconnected into adjacent actuating unit.

Claims (27)

1. a kind of wind turbine (1) has cabin (3), the cabin (3) is rotationally attached to pylon (2), and is configured with Yaw system (6), for positioning the cabin (3) relative to pylon (2) during the operation of the wind turbine (1) And yaw position (28) are locked in, the wind turbine (1) includes:

At least one brake disc (11), is fixed to pylon (2),

At least one caliper unit (7,21) comprising at least one brake pad (20), brake pad (20) configuration To move between the occlusal position and disengaging configuration of brake disc (11), and it is also connected to driving unit (29), the driving Unit (29) is configured to operate at least one caliper unit (7,21),

At least one actuating unit (8) is fixed to cabin (3) and is configured to receiving by least one moving element (9) It condenses and sets at least one mobile described caliper (7,21) between extended position, which is characterized in that

The actuating unit (8) is connected to two caliper units (7,21), and one of caliper unit (7) is configured to phase For the packaged type caliper unit of cabin (3), and another caliper unit (21) is fixed with respect to cabin (3) as fixation Formula caliper unit (21).

2. wind turbine (1) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the packaged type caliper unit (7) is logical It crosses the first mounting pin (16) and is rotationally attached to moving element (9).

3. wind turbine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the actuating unit (8) passes through the Two mounting pins (18) are rotationally attached to the main frame (10) of cabin (3), and second mounting pin (18) is additionally coupled to fix Formula caliper unit (21).

4. wind turbine (1) according to claim 3, which is characterized in that first mounting pin (16) and described the Two mounting pins (18) are identical.

5. wind turbine (1) described in one or more claims according to claim 1 or in claim 2-4, It is characterized in that, the packaged type caliper unit (7) is configured with guide pin, and the guide pin is set as in main frame (10) It interacts in groove.

6. wind turbine (1) described in one or more claims in -5 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute It is interchangeable that packaged type caliper unit (7), which is stated, with fixed caliper unit (21).

7. wind turbine (1) described in one or more claims in -6 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute Stating yaw system (6) includes at least a pair of of actuating unit, wherein the first actuating unit (23) is configured in the second actuator It shrinks and stretches in the opposite direction of unit (26).

8. wind turbine (1) described in one or more claims in -7 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute Stating yaw system (6) includes at least a pair of of actuating unit (8), and each actuating unit has packaged type caliper unit (7) and fixed caliper unit (21)；Wherein the first actuating unit (23) is configured to make the first packaged type caliper unit (22) it shrinks and stretches on the opposite direction of the second actuating unit (26), which is configured to make The removable clamp unit (25) of stretching, extension two is shunk and stretching, extension.

9. wind turbine (1) described in one or more claims in -8 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute It states yaw system (6) and is configured with fixed device, so that pylon (2) becomes cabin (3), and vice versa.

10. a kind of method for running wind turbine according to claim 1, this method includes that opposite pylon (2) position The movement of the cabin (3), passes through:

All fixed caliper units (21) are set to be detached from brake disc (11)；

By being engaged corresponding brake disc (11), one, multiple or all packaged type caliper units are engaged；

By starting corresponding one, multiple or all actuators, one mobile, multiple or all occlusions in the same direction The packaged type caliper unit (7) of brake disc (11).

11. method according to claim 10 further includes movement:

By being detached from corresponding brake disc (11) so that one, multiple or all packaged type caliper units (7) be detached from, And pass through one, multiple or all actuators in starting opposite direction, one mobile, multiple or all disengaging brake discs (11) packaged type caliper unit (7).

12. further including according to the method for claim 11, by by one, multiple or all fixed caliper units (21) start and to lock the movement of cabin (3) relative to pylon (2) in its occlusal position.

13. method according to claim 11 or 12, which is characterized in that it is one or more, but and not all packaged type Caliper unit (7) is engaged with brake disc (11), and corresponding actuator is locked.

14. method described in one or more in claim 10 to 13, including repeat one or more in claim 11-13 Movement.

15. a kind of method of operation wind turbine (1) according to claim 8, the method includes by cabin (3) phase For the movement of pylon (2) positioning, pass through:

All fixed caliper units (21) are set to be detached from brake disc (11),

By one, the setting of multiple or all first packaged type caliper units (22) in retracted position,

Occlusion one, multiple or all first packaged type caliper units (22), are engaged corresponding brake disc (11),

One, multiple or all first packaged type caliper units are stretched by corresponding first actuating unit (23) (22)。

16. a kind of method of operation wind turbine (1) according to claim 8, the method includes by cabin (3) phase For the movement of pylon (2) positioning, pass through:

All fixed caliper units (21) are set to be detached from brake disc (11),

One, multiple or all first packaged type caliper units (25) are provided in extended position,

Occlusion one, multiple or all first packaged type caliper units (25), are engaged corresponding brake disc (11),

One, multiple or all first packaged type caliper units are shunk by corresponding first actuating unit (23) (22)。

17. method described in 5 and 16 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that by first (23) and second (25) packaged type system Dynamic pincers unit is separately positioned on contraction and the movement of extended position, brakes with stretching, extension respectively and first (23) of contraction and second (25) The movement of pincers unit essentially synchronously executes.

18. according to the method for claim 15, further including movement:

Make one, multiple or all first packaged type caliper units (23) be detached from, and shrink one, it is multiple or all the One packaged type caliper unit (23).

19. according to the method for claim 16, further including movement:

Make one, multiple or all second packaged type caliper units (25) be detached from, and stretch one, it is multiple or all Second packaged type caliper unit (25).

20. method described in 8,19 or both according to claim 1 further includes relative to the dynamic of pylon (2) locking cabin (3) Make, which received simultaneously by starting one, multiple or all fixed caliper units (21) in its occlusal position It contracts corresponding first packaged type caliper unit (23) or the corresponding second removable clamp unit (25) of stretching, extension.

21. method described in one or more claims in 5-20 according to claim 1, including repeat claim 15- One or more movements in 20.

22. method described in one or more claims in 5-21 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that stretching, extension is to receive Contracting, and shrinking is stretching, extension.

23. a kind of method of operation wind turbine (1) according to claim 1, this method includes movement:

By the way that in occlusal position, cabin (3) is locked relative to pylon (2) for one or more caliper units (7,21) starting It is fixed.

24. the method for operation wind turbine (1) according to claim 23, which is characterized in that the lock out action packet It includes and two caliper units (7,21) is substantially locked in occlusal position simultaneously.

25. the method for operation wind turbine (1) according to claim 23, which is characterized in that the lock out action packet It includes and one or more packaged type caliper units (7) is locked in occlusal position, while one, multiple or all fixed systems Dynamic pincers unit (21) are in disengaging configuration.

26. the method for operation wind turbine (1) according to claim 25, which is characterized in that one or more actuating Device either actively or passively moves corresponding packaged type caliper unit (7).

27. the method for operation wind turbine (1) according to claim 26, which is characterized in that when being moved below threshold value When, occlusion one, multiple or all fixed caliper units (21).