CN109476757B - 抗-axl受体酪氨酸激酶抗体及其用途 - Google Patents
抗-axl受体酪氨酸激酶抗体及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109476757B CN109476757B CN201780044454.0A CN201780044454A CN109476757B CN 109476757 B CN109476757 B CN 109476757B CN 201780044454 A CN201780044454 A CN 201780044454A CN 109476757 B CN109476757 B CN 109476757B
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Abstract
本发明涉及与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶上的聚糖结合的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段。本发明还涉及与放射性同位素或细胞毒素缀合的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,且其中所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段在与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶结合之后被内化到细胞中。还提供了包含生理学上可接受的载体和治疗上有效量的所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段的组合物、所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段的治疗用途、用于检测癌症的方法以及当用于所述方法中时的试剂盒。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2016年5月20日提交的新加坡申请号10201604090Y的优先权的权益,其内容通过引用以其整体并入到本文中以用于所有目的。
发明领域
本发明一般涉及抗体。具体而言,本发明涉及抗-AXL受体酪氨酸激酶抗体及其用途。
发明背景
基于抗体的疗法近年来已成为用于癌症的重要治疗策略。所述疗法通过介导在抗原或受体功能上的改变、调节免疫系统或者递送与靶向特定抗原的抗体缀合的特异性药物来起作用。
基于抗体的癌症疗法的基础依据为这一事实:癌组织表达与正常的非癌组织相比可为过表达的、选择性表达的或突变的一系列抗原。针对癌组织上的特异性抗原的抗体可用于靶向和杀死所述癌组织。
然而,开发用于癌症的候选治疗抗体的关键挑战为鉴定适于基于抗体的疗法的抗原。抗原用于疗法的适用性取决于多个因素,包括但不限于所述抗原的性质(例如可及性、丰度、在癌细胞上的表达位置等)、治疗方案、抗体亲和力及其他药代动力学性质。
AXL受体酪氨酸激酶属于受体酪氨酸激酶(RTK)的TAM亚家族且已在多种癌症中检测到过表达。抗-AXL抗体已被分离且某些抗-AXL抗体为商购可得的。然而,这些可得的抗AXL抗体均不与表面AXL和可溶性AXL二者结合。这些可得的抗-AXL抗体的结合在各癌细胞系中并非为一致的。因此需要开发针对AXL的新抗体,所述新抗体解决目前可得的抗-AXL抗体的缺点问题。
发明简述
在一方面,提供了抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其包含(i)重链可变结构域,包含具有氨基酸序列GFTFTSYYMY(SEQ ID NO:3)的VHCDR1;具有氨基酸序列GVSPSNGGANFNEKFKT(SEQ ID NO:4)的VHCDR2、和具有氨基酸序列FLYGPRYFDV(SEQ ID NO:5)的VHCDR3;和(ii)轻链可变结构域,包含具有氨基酸序列RASESVDNYGISFMN(SEQ ID NO:6)的VLCDR1、具有氨基酸序列GASNQGS(SEQ ID NO:7)的VLCDR2和具有氨基酸序列QQSKEVPYT(SEQ ID NO:8)的VLCDR3。
在一方面,提供了抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其与如在本文中定义的抗原结合蛋白竞争与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶结合。
在一方面,提供了如在本文中定义的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其包含与其缀合的放射性同位素或细胞毒素。
在一方面,提供了组合物,其包含生理学上可接受的载体和治疗上有效量的如在本文中定义的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段。
在一方面,提供了如在本文中定义的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段在制备用于治疗癌症的药物中的用途。
在一方面,提供了用于在受试者中检测癌症的方法,所述方法包括:使获自所述受试者的样品与如在本文中定义的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段在体外接触;检测所述样品中所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段的结合;将所述结合与对照样品中的结合水平进行关联以确定所述样品中的结合水平,其中,相对于所述对照样品,在所述样品中的结合水平上的增加指示癌症。
在一方面,提供了试剂盒,当用于如在本文中定义的方法中时,其包含如在本文中定义的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,连同使用说明书。
定义
术语“AXL受体酪氨酸激酶”和“AXL”可交换使用,且包括AXL受体酪氨酸激酶的变体、同种型、物种同源物以及与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶具有至少一个共同表位的类似物。
术语“免疫应答”是指例如淋巴细胞、抗原呈递细胞、吞噬细胞、粒细胞以及由上述细胞或肝脏产生的可溶性大分子(包括抗体、细胞因子和补体)的作用,其导致对入侵病原体、感染病原体的细胞或组织、癌细胞或在自身免疫或病理性炎症的情况下对正常人细胞或组织的选择性损害、破坏或自人体消除它们。
术语“抗原结合蛋白”在本文中以最广泛的意义使用,是指具有免疫球蛋白样结构域的分子,其能够与抗原结合且包括单克隆抗体、重组抗体、多克隆抗体、嵌合抗体、人源化抗体、双特异性抗体和异种缀合抗体;单可变结构域、结构域抗体、抗原结合片段、免疫有效的片段、单链Fv、双抗体、TandabsTM等(对于备选“抗体”形式的概述,参见Holliger和Hudson,Nature Biotechnology,2005,第23卷,No.9,1126-1136)。
“抗体”亦指包含通过二硫键相互连接的至少两条重(H)链和两条轻(L)链的糖蛋白,或其抗原结合部分。各重链由重链可变区(本文缩写为VH)和重链恒定区组成。所述重链恒定区由三个结构域CH1、CH2和CH3组成。各轻链由轻链可变区(本文缩写为VL)和轻链恒定区组成。所述轻链恒定区由一个结构域CL组成。所述VH区和VL区可进一步细分成高变区,称为互补决定区(CDR),穿插着较保守的区域,称为框架区(FR)。各VH和VL由三个CDR和四个FR组成,以下列顺序从氨基端排列至羧基端:FR1、CDR1、FR2、CDR2、FR3、CDR3、FR4。所述重链的可变区和轻链的可变区包含与抗原相互作用的结合结构域。所述抗体的恒定区可介导免疫球蛋白与宿主组织或宿主因子的结合,所述宿主组织或宿主因子包括免疫系统的多种细胞(例如效应细胞)和经典补体系统的第一成分(Clq)。
如在本文中使用的术语抗体的“抗原结合片段”,是指保留与抗原(例如AXL受体酪氨酸激酶)特异性结合的能力的抗体的一个或多个片段。已显示的是,抗体的抗原结合功能可通过全长抗体的片段来完成。包含在术语抗体的“抗原结合片段”之内的结合片段的实例包括(i)Fab片段,其为由VL、VH、CL和CH1结构域组成的一价片段;(ii)F(ab’)2片段,其为包含通过铰链区的二硫键连接的两个Fab片段的二价片段;(iii)Fd片段,其由VH和CH1结构域组成;(iv)Fv片段,其由抗体单臂的VL和VH结构域组成,(v)dAb片段(Ward等,(1989)Nature341:544-546),其由VH结构域组成;和(vi)分离的互补决定区(CDR)。
如在本文中使用的术语“单克隆抗体”或“单克隆抗体组合物”,是指单分子组成的抗体分子的制品。单克隆抗体组合物显示出对特定表位的单一的结合特异性和亲和力。
术语“人源化抗体”旨在指这样的抗体,其中将来源于诸如小鼠等其他哺乳动物物种种系的CDR序列移植到人类框架序列上。可在所述人类框架序列中进行另外的框架区修饰。
术语“嵌合抗体”旨在指这样的抗体,其中可变区序列来源于一个物种且恒定区序列来源于另一个物种,例如其中可变区序列来源于小鼠抗体且恒定区序列来源于人类抗体的抗体。
用于抗体的术语“高亲和力”是指抗体对靶抗原具有10-7或更小、10-8M或更小、更优选10-9M或更小乃至更优选10-10M或更小的KD。
如在本文中使用的术语“受试者”,包括任何人或非人动物。术语“非人动物”包括所有脊椎动物,例如哺乳动物和非哺乳动物,如非人灵长类动物、羊、狗、猫、马、奶牛、鸡、两栖动物、爬行动物等。除非有说明,否则术语“患者”或“受试者”可交换使用。
附图简述
当结合非限制性实例和附图考虑时,参考详述将使本发明得到更好理解,其中:
图1显示TAG_TNB1的分型。将TAG_TNB1的小鼠单克隆抗体分型为具有IgG2b重链和κ轻链。对于TNB1的重链和轻链,亦对多肽和核苷酸序列测序。
图2显示TAG_TNB1抗原的确定。(A)使用BT549细胞系的总细胞裂解物,经由蛋白质印迹确定抗原大小。在非还原条件下观察到约97kDa和64kDa处的双联体。R=还原条件和NR=非还原条件。(B)使用BT549细胞裂解物进行的结合了TAG_TNB1的抗原靶标与蛋白G-琼脂糖珠粒的免疫沉淀(IP)。将洗脱的IP产物进行SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳并将平行样品进行蛋白质印迹。将所述IP产物从凝胶上切下并加工用于质谱分析。(C)使用来自TNBC(BT549)和NSCLC(H1299)的IP,针对AXL的质谱覆盖率。对于BT549和H1299,在合并的MS运行中的肽覆盖率分别为约35%-42%。
图3显示TAG_TNB1与AXL蛋白结合。(A)采用BT549细胞裂解物,使用TAG_TNB1和抗-AXL商品化抗体(ABCAM.Cat#:ab54803)二者的免疫印迹观察到相似的双联体条带。(B)经由siRNA瞬时敲除AXL。与对照(SC和LP)相比,TAG_TNB1和抗-AXL二者均显示信号强度的显著减小。SC:加扰序列,KD:使用AXL靶向序列敲减;LP:Lipofectamine试剂对照。使用肌动蛋白作为上样对照(loading control)。
图4显示TAG-TNB1识别糖基化形式的AXL蛋白。(A)高碘酸盐处理。TAG-TNB1结合在用偏高碘酸钠处理之后显著减少(左图),表明TAG_TNB1的结合为聚糖依赖性的。相比之下,商品化抗-AXL未显示在结合强度上的任何减小(右图)。(B)PNG酶处理。使用渐增浓度的PNG酶处理细胞裂解物样品。TAG_TNB1的免疫印迹显示TAG_TNB1的结合不为N-聚糖依赖性的。经PNG酶处理的样品的结合依然很强,分子量因失去蛋白质上的N-联聚糖而减小。(C)b-消除处理。TAG_TNB1的结合在使用b-消除处理之后被破坏,表明mAb结合为O-联聚糖依赖性的。使用内部mAb(已知为O-联依赖性的)和人胚胎干细胞(hESC)裂解物完成实验对照。将肌动蛋白用作所有实验的上样对照。(D)使用游离末端糖封闭细胞表面结合。Lewis Y和4型B抗原的游离末端糖与TAG_TNB1的细胞表面结合的流式细胞仪分析。使用两种末端糖封闭(第2图和第4图)均观察到在结合上的部分偏移(朝阴性对照)。阴影:阴性对照,虚线:仅TAG-TNB1;实线:使用末端糖预孵育的TNB1。
图5显示TAG-TNB1在癌细胞系和正常细胞系中的靶标普遍性。除正常细胞系和祖细胞系之外,还用乳腺癌、卵巢癌、肾癌、肺癌、成神经细胞瘤、头颈癌、结肠直肠癌、胰腺癌进行了细胞表面结合的流式细胞仪分析。经由m-gating确定结合变化(binding shift)。0=未结合,1<20%结合,2=20%-40%结合,3=40%-60%结合,4>80%结合。
图6显示AXL在TAG_TNB1结合和非结合细胞系中的表达。(A)AXL的mRNA表达。qRT-PCR一致性地显示AXL的mRNA水平在TAG-TNB1结合细胞系(BT549、MDA-MB-231、Hs578T和H1299)中较高。使用的引物:5’-GGTGGCTGTGAAGACGATGA-3’(Axl-5’;1820-1839)1(SEQ IDNO:9);5’-CTCAGATACTCCATGCCACT-3’(Axl-3’;2103-2122)1(SEQ ID NO:10)(B)AXL的蛋白表达特性。AXL蛋白的表达与使用的不同商品化抗体(Abcam和LSBio)显著不同。与商品化抗体相比,TAG_TNB1的蛋白结合特性与mRNA的结果最相似。TAG_TNB1的结合亦显示更少的多重条带,表明TAG_TNB1更具特异性。使用肌动蛋白作为上样对照。
图7显示TAG_TNB1与抗-AXL商品化抗体的比较。对细胞表面结合和胞内结合(经固定和透化(fixed and perm))二者进行流式细胞仪分析。阴影:阴性对照,实线:仅TAG_TNB1;虚线:抗-AXL商品化mAb。
图8显示TAG_TNB1抗体对增殖的作用。(A)经由Xcelligence系统,使用单次剂量实验进行细胞增殖的抑制。上左:BT549,上右:MDA-MB-231,下左:H1299,和下右:MCF10A(正常乳腺上皮细胞)。黑色实线:缓冲液对照,灰线:mAb处理(100ng/ul),竖直线:将mAb掺加到培养基中的时间点。
图9显示使用嵌合-TAG_TNB1(ch_TNB1)的抗体依赖性细胞毒性(ADCC)效应。使用ADCC试剂盒(Promega)进行ADCC实验。将赫赛汀用于MCF-7细胞系用作阳性对照。嵌合_TAG_TNB1对TNBC和NSCLC二者均未显示任何显著的ADCC效应。圆形:使用赫赛汀的MCF-7;正方形:使用ch_TNB1的H1299;三角形:使用ch_TNB1的BT549。
图10显示嵌合TAG_TNB1(ch_TNB1)对细胞增殖的抗体药物缀合物(ADC)效应。使用Xcellligence系统,经由ADC进行对细胞增殖(ch_TNB1结合和非结合细胞系)的抑制。将ch_TNB1与有效荷载药物(drug payload)(皂草素)缀合并在接种之后约24小时用10ng/ul的单次剂量处理细胞。重复数n=6。
图11显示ch_TNB1对细胞活性的ADC效应。使用mAb结合和非结合细胞二者,用CellTitre Glo测定法测定经ch_TNB1缀合ADC处理的细胞的细胞活性的确定。在接种之后约24小时用10ng/ul的单次剂量处理细胞并在处理之后培养3天以上。重复数n=6。
图12显示经由Cell Titre Glo测定法确定ch_TNB1-ADC缀合物的IC50。在接种之后约24小时用10ng/ul的单次剂量处理细胞并在处理之后培养3天以上。发现mAb结合细胞系H1299、BT549、Hs578T、MDA-MB-231的IC50分别为35.33pM、1240.80pM、528.91pM和339.78pM。重复数n=4。
图13显示ch_TNB1-ADC对H1299体内模型的作用。用H1299接种动物以形成异种移植物并进行mAb处理。当与仅缓冲液对照、仅mAb(仅TAG_TNB1)对照二者和同种型(IgG)-ADC对照进行比较时,在ch_TNB1-ADC处理组中观察到肿瘤生长的显著抑制。各动物组有3只动物。在第0天、第8天和第14天给予所述动物总共3次剂量的ch_TNB1-ADC(每只动物每次剂量40ug)。
发明详述
在第一方面,本发明涉及抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其包含(i)重链可变结构域(VHCDR),包含具有氨基酸序列GFTFTSYYMY(SEQ ID NO:3)的VHCDR1;具有氨基酸序列GVSPSNGGANFNEKFKT(SEQ ID NO:4)的VHCDR2;和具有氨基酸序列FLYGPRYFDV(SEQ ID NO:5)的VHCDR3;和(ii)轻链可变结构域(VLCDR),包含具有氨基酸序列RASESVDNYGISFMN(SEQID NO:6)的VLCDR1、具有氨基酸序列GASNQGS(SEQ ID NO:7)的VLCDR2和具有氨基酸序列QQSKEVPYT(SEQ ID NO:8)的VLCDR3。
在一个实施方案中,所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段可包含与SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5、SEQ ID NO:6、SEQ ID NO:7和SEQ ID NO:8的同一性为约80%、约85%、约90%、约95%、约96%、约97%、约98%或者约99%的重链CDR区和轻链CDR区。
在一个优选的实施方案中,如在本文中公开的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段的重链可变区可包含在SEQ ID NO:1中所述的氨基酸序列。
在一个实施方案中,如在本文中公开的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段可包含重链可变区,所述重链可变区包含与在SEQ ID NO:1中所述的氨基酸序列具有约80%、约85%、约90%、约95%、约96%、约97%、约98%或者约99%同一性的氨基酸序列。
在另一个优选的实施方案中,如在本文中公开的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段的轻链可变区可包含在SEQ ID NO:2中所述的氨基酸序列。
在另一个实施方案中,如在本文公开的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段可包含轻链可变区,所述轻链可变区包含与在SEQ ID NO:2中所述的氨基酸序列具有约80%、约85%、约90%、约95%、约96%、约97%、约98%或者约99%同一性的氨基酸序列。
如在本文中使用的两个氨基酸序列之间的同源性百分比等同于所述两个序列之间的同一性百分比。两个序列之间的同一性百分比为所述序列共享的相同位置的数量的函数(即,同源性%=相同位置的数量/位置总数×100),其考虑了空位的数量和各空位的长度,这需要被引入以用于两个序列的最佳比对。
在一个实施方案中,如在本文中公开的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段可选自由以下组成的组:单克隆抗体、重组抗体、多克隆抗体、嵌合抗体、人源化抗体、双特异性抗体和异种缀合抗体;单可变结构域、结构域抗体、抗原结合片段、免疫有效的片段、单链Fv、单链抗体、不含铰链区的单价抗体、微抗体、双抗体和TandabsTM。
在另一个实施方案中,所述结合蛋白可为多克隆抗体或单克隆抗体。在一个优选的实施方案中,所述结合蛋白为单克隆抗体。
在另一个优选的实施方案中,所述单克隆抗体为TNB1。所述单克隆抗体可以是人源化的。
本发明的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段可与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶结合。在一些实施方案中,所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段可与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶上的聚糖结合。在一个优选的实施方案中,所述AXL受体酪氨酸激酶上的聚糖位于细胞表面上。
如在本文中使用的聚糖,是指其可以是单糖的同聚物或异聚物的多糖。聚糖包括N-联聚糖和O-联聚糖。N-联聚糖为其单糖与天冬酰胺侧链中的氮连接的聚糖。O-联聚糖为其单糖连接到丝氨酸或苏氨酸氨基酸残基的聚糖。
在一个优选的实施方案中,所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶上的O-联聚糖结合。
在另一方面,本发明涉及抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其与如在本文中公开的抗原结合蛋白竞争与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶结合。就结合而言的竞争,可涉及结合亲和力或结合机制。例如,与如在本文中公开的抗原结合蛋白竞争与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶结合的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,可通过以至少相同的亲和力或以更高的亲和力与AXL结合来竞争。竞争性结合亦可通过降低结合亲和力(avidity)来实现。在另一个实施例中,与如在本文中公开的抗原结合蛋白竞争与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶结合的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,可通过与AXL上的聚糖结合来竞争。
在另一方面,本发明涉及与治疗部分缀合的如在本文中公开的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,所述治疗部分例如细胞毒素、药物(例如免疫抑制剂)、放射性同位素或放射性毒素。
所述缀合物在本文中称为“免疫缀合物”或“抗体药物缀合物(ADC)”。含有一种或多种细胞毒素的免疫缀合物称为“免疫毒素”。细胞毒素或细胞毒素剂包括对细胞有害(例如杀死细胞)的任何物质。实例包括一甲基瑞奥西汀E(MMEA-1)、mertansine(DM-1)和皂草素、紫杉醇、细胞松弛素B、短杆菌肽D、溴化乙锭、依米丁、丝裂霉素、依托泊苷、替尼泊苷(tenoposide)、长春新碱、长春碱、秋水仙碱、多柔比星、柔红霉素、二羟基蒽二酮(dihydroxy anthracin dione)、米托蒽醌、光神霉素、放线菌素D、1-去氢睾酮、糖皮质激素、普鲁卡因、丁卡因、利多卡因、普萘洛尔和嘌呤霉素及其类似物或同源物。治疗剂亦包括例如抗代谢物(例如甲氨蝶呤、6-巯嘌呤、6-硫鸟嘌呤、阿糖胞苷、5-氟尿嘧啶、达卡巴嗪)、烷化剂(例如氮芥、苯丁酸氮芥、美法仑、卡莫司汀(BSNU)和洛莫司汀(CCNU)、环磷酰胺(cyclothosphamide)、白消安、二溴甘露醇、链脲霉素、丝裂霉素C和顺二氯化二氨基铂(DDP)顺铂)、蒽环类(例如柔红霉素(前称道诺霉素)和多柔比星)、抗生素(例如更生霉素(原名放线菌素)、博来霉素、光神霉素和安曲霉素(AMC))和抗有丝分裂剂(例如长春新碱和长春碱)。可与本发明的抗体缀合的治疗用细胞毒素的其他实例包括倍癌霉素、刺孢霉素、美登素和瑞奥西汀及其衍生物。
在一个优选的实施方案中,所述细胞毒素可选自一甲基瑞奥西汀E(MMEA-1)、mertansine(DM-1)和皂草素。
可使用本领域可得的接头技术将细胞毒素与本发明的抗体缀合。已用于将细胞毒素与抗体缀合的接头类型的实例包括但不限于腙、硫醚、酯、二硫化物和含肽接头。
亦可将本发明的抗体与放射性的同位素(放射性同位素)缀合以产生细胞毒性放射性药物,亦称为放射性免疫缀合物。可与抗体缀合以在诊断上或在治疗上使用的放射性同位素的实例包括但不限于碘131、铟111、钇90和镥177。用于制备放射性免疫缀合物的方法在本领域中为已建立的。放射性免疫缀合物的实例为市购可得的,包括Zevalin.TM.(IDECPharmaceuticals)和Bexxar.TM.(Corixa Pharmaceuticals),且类似方法可用于使用本发明的抗体制备放射性免疫缀合物。
本发明的抗体缀合物可用于调节给定的生物反应,且所述药物部分不被解释为限于传统的化学治疗剂。例如,所述药物部分可以是具有所需生物活性的蛋白质或多肽。所述蛋白质可包括例如具有酶活性的毒素或其活性片段,例如相思豆毒素、蓖麻毒素A、假单胞菌外毒素或白喉毒素;蛋白质,例如肿瘤坏死因子或干扰素-γ;或者生物反应调节剂,例如淋巴因子、白介素-1(“IL-1”)、白介素-2(“IL-2”)、白介素-6(“IL-6”)、粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(“GM-CSF”)、粒细胞集落刺激因子(“G-CSF”)或其他生长因子。
在一些实施方案中,包含与之缀合的放射性同位素或细胞毒素的抗原结合蛋白或抗原结合片段,可在与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶结合之后被内化到细胞中。包含与之缀合的放射性同位素或细胞毒素的抗原结合蛋白或抗原结合片段的内化释放所述放射性同位素或细胞毒素并可引发细胞死亡。
在一些实施方案中,所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段可通过补体依赖性细胞毒性(CDC)来引发细胞死亡。
在另一方面,本发明提供组合物,其包含生理学上可接受的载体和治疗上有效量的如在本文中公开的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段。
组合物可包含本发明的(例如两种或更多种不同的)抗原结合蛋白、其抗原结合片段、抗体或者免疫缀合物或双特异性分子之一或其组合。例如,本发明的药物组合物可包含与靶抗原上的不同表位结合或具有补体活性的抗体(或免疫缀合物或双特异性分子)的组合。
本发明的药物组合物亦可以联合治疗来施用,即,与其他试剂组合。在一些实施方案中,本发明的组合物可包含选自以下的另外的活性药物成分:贝伐单抗、卡铂、紫杉醇或吉非替尼。在其他实施方案中,本发明的组合物可与化疗一起施用。
如在本文中使用的“药学上可接受的载体”或“生理学上可接受的载体”,包括其为生理学上相容的任何及所有溶剂、分散介质、包衣、抗细菌剂和抗真菌剂、等渗剂和吸收延迟剂,等等。优选的是,所述载体适于静脉内、肌内、皮下、胃肠外、脊柱或表皮施用(例如通过注射或输注)。根据施用途径,可用材料包被所述活性化合物(即抗体、免疫缀合物或双特异性分子)以保护所述化合物免受可将所述化合物灭活的酸和其他自然条件的作用。
药学上可接受的载体包括无菌水溶液或分散体和用于临时制备无菌注射液或分散体的无菌散剂。用于药学上活性物质的这类介质和试剂的用途在本领域中为已知的。除非任何常见介质或物质与所述活性化合物不相容,否则均考虑其在本发明的药物组合物中的使用。亦可将补充的活性化合物并入所述组合物中。
本发明的药物组合物可包含一种或多种药学上可接受的盐。“药学上可接受的盐”或“生理学上可接受的盐”是指这样的盐,其保留母体化合物的所需生物活性且不产生任何不合乎需要的毒性效应。所述盐的实例包括酸加成盐和碱加成盐。酸加成盐包括来源于非毒性无机酸的酸加成盐以及来自非毒性有机酸的酸加成盐,所述非毒性无机酸例如盐酸、硝酸、磷酸、硫酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、亚磷酸等,所述无毒性有机酸例如脂肪族一元和二元羧酸、苯基取代的链烷酸、羟基链烷酸、芳香酸、脂肪族和芳族磺酸等。碱加成盐包括来源于碱金属或碱土金属以及来自非毒性有机胺的碱加成盐,所述碱金属或碱土金属例如钠、钾、镁、钙等,所述非毒性有机胺例如N,N’-二苄基乙二胺、N-甲基葡糖胺、氯普鲁卡因、胆碱、二乙醇胺、乙二胺、普鲁卡因等。
本发明的药物组合物亦可包含药学上可接受的抗氧化剂。药学上可接受的抗氧化剂的实例包括:(1)水溶性抗氧化剂,例如抗坏血酸、半胱氨酸盐酸盐、硫酸氢钠、焦亚硫酸钠、亚硫酸钠等;(2)油溶性抗氧化剂,例如抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、丁羟茴醚(BHA)、丁羟甲苯(BHT)、卵磷脂、没食子酸丙酯、α-生育酚等;和(3)金属螯合剂,例如柠檬酸、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、山梨糖醇、酒石酸、磷酸等。
可用于本发明的药物组合物的合适的水性和非水性载体的实例包括水、乙醇、多元醇(例如甘油、丙二醇、聚乙二醇等)及其合适的混合物、诸如橄榄油等植物油以及诸如油酸乙酯等注射用有机酯。例如通过使用诸如卵磷脂等包衣材料、通过在分散体的情况下维持所需粒度以及通过使用表面活性剂,可保持适当的流动性。
这些组合物可以含有佐剂,例如防腐剂、润湿剂、乳化剂和分散剂。预防微生物的存在,可通过上述灭菌流程和通过将各种抗细菌剂和抗真菌剂包含在内二者来保证,所述抗细菌剂和抗真菌剂例如对羟基苯甲酸酯、三氯叔丁醇、山梨酸苯酚等。将诸如糖、氯化钠等等渗剂包含在所述组合物中,亦可为合乎需要的。另外,通过将诸如单硬脂酸铝和明胶等延迟吸收的试剂包含在内,可导致注射用药物形式的延长吸收。
可使用本领域已知的各种方法中的一种或多种,经由一种或多种施用途径来施用本发明的组合物。如技术人员将理解的,所述施用途径和/或方式将根据所需结果而不同。用于本发明的抗体的优选施用途径包括静脉内、肌内、皮内、腹膜内、皮下、脊柱或其他胃肠外施用途径,例如通过注射或输注。如在本文中使用的短语“胃肠外施用”,意指除肠内和局部施用之外的施用方式,通常通过注射进行且包括但不限于静脉内、肌内、动脉内、鞘内、囊内、眶内、心内、皮内、腹膜内、经气管、皮下、表皮下、关节内、囊下、蛛网膜下、脊柱内、硬膜外和胸骨内注射和输注。
可选地,本发明的抗体可经由非胃肠外途径来施用,例如局部、表皮或粘膜施用途径,如鼻内、经口、经阴道、经直肠、舌下或局部施用。
在一方面,提供了如在本文中公开的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段在制备用于治疗癌症的药物中的用途。
一般理解的是,癌症治疗包括抑制癌细胞生长、抑制癌细胞增殖、引发细胞死亡和激活对癌细胞的宿主免疫应答中的一种或多种。
可使用如在本文中公开的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段治疗的优选的癌症,包括通常响应免疫疗法的癌症。用于治疗的优选癌症的非限制性实例包括黑素瘤(例如转移性恶性黑素瘤)、肾癌(例如透明细胞癌)、前列腺癌(例如激素难治性前列腺癌)、乳腺癌、结肠癌和肺癌(例如非小细胞肺癌)。另外,本发明包括可使用本发明的抗体抑制其生长的难治性或复发性恶性肿瘤。
可使用本发明的方法治疗的其他癌症的实例包括骨癌、胰腺癌、皮肤癌、头颈癌、皮肤或眼内恶性黑素瘤、子宫癌、卵巢癌、直肠癌、肛区癌、胃癌、睾丸癌、子宫癌、输卵管癌、子宫内膜癌、宫颈癌、阴道癌、外阴癌、霍奇金病、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、食道癌、小肠癌、内分泌系统癌、甲状腺癌、甲状旁腺癌、肾上腺癌、软组织肉瘤、尿道癌、阴茎癌、慢性或急性白血病(包括急性髓性白血病、慢性髓性白血病、急性成淋巴细胞性白血病、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病)、儿童实体瘤、淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤、膀胱癌、肾或输尿管癌、肾盂癌、中枢神经系统(CNS)肿瘤、原发性CNS淋巴瘤、肿瘤血管发生、脊髓肿瘤、脑干胶质瘤、垂体腺瘤、Kaposi肉瘤、表皮样癌、鳞状细胞癌、T-细胞淋巴瘤、包括石棉诱导的癌症等环境诱导性癌症及所述癌症的组合。
在一个优选的实施方案中,所述癌症选自三阴性乳腺癌、非小细胞肺癌、卵巢癌、肾癌或胰腺癌。
在其他实施方案中,本文所公开的药物可与另外的活性药物成分一起施用。在一些实施方案中,所述另外的活性药物成分选自由贝伐单抗、卡铂、紫杉醇或吉非替尼。
在又另外的实施方案中,在本文中公开的药物可与化疗一起施用。
所述另外的活性药剂或化疗可分开施用、与如在本文中公开的药物、组合物、抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段同时施用或序贯施用。如在本文中使用的序贯地,是指在施用所述药物、组合物、抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段之前或之后施用所述另外的活性药剂或化疗。可在施用所述药物、组合物、抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段之前和/或之后立即、1小时、2小时、3小时、4小时、5小时、6小时、7小时、8小时、9小时、10小时、11小时、12小时、13小时、14小时、15小时、16小时、17小时、18小时、19小时、20小时、21小时、22小时、23小时、24小时、2天、3天、4天、5天、6天或7天进行所述另外的活性药剂或化疗的施用。
在另一方面,提供了用于在受试者中检测癌症的方法,所述方法包括:使获自所述受试者的样品与如在本文中公开的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段在体外接触;检测所述样品中所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段的结合;将所述结合与对照样品中的结合水平进行关联以确定所述样品中的结合水平,其中,相对于所述对照样品,在所述样品中的结合水平上的增加指示癌症。
在一些实施方案中,所述对照样品来自相同的受试者。在一些实施方案中,所述对照样品来自不同的受试者。
在一些实施方案中,待用于如在本文中公开的检测癌症的方法的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段结合AXL受体酪氨酸激酶。
待用于如在本文中公开的检测癌症的方法的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,亦可包含可检测标签。
如在本文中使用的可检测标签,包括荧光标签、化学发光标签、磷光标签和显色标签。所述标签可以是组成型可检测的,或者可在与细胞或底物结合之后为可检测的。可检测标签的实例包括但不限于Alexa 染料、FITC、TRITC、PE、Texas Red、染料、GFP、YFP、RFP、CFP、APC、R-PE、探针、SYTOX Green、碘化丙啶、生物素、辣根过氧化物酶、碱性磷酸酶。在优选的实施方案中,所述可检测标签选自生物素、碱性磷酸酶、辣根过氧化物酶、FITC、PE或染料。
所述可检测标签可使用选自流式细胞术、组织切片或免疫组织化学的测定来检测。
在一些实施方案中,通过如在本文中公开的方法检测的癌症可选自黑素瘤(例如转移性恶性黑素瘤)、肾癌(例如透明细胞癌)、前列腺癌(例如激素难治性前列腺癌)、乳腺癌、结肠癌和肺癌(例如非小细胞肺癌)、可使用本发明的抗体抑制其生长的难治性或复发性恶性肿瘤、骨癌、胰腺癌、皮肤癌、头颈癌、皮肤或眼内恶性黑素瘤、子宫癌、卵巢癌、直肠癌、肛区癌、胃癌、睾丸癌、子宫癌、输卵管癌、子宫内膜癌、宫颈癌、阴道癌、外阴癌、霍奇金病、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、食道癌、小肠癌、内分泌系统癌、甲状腺癌、甲状旁腺癌、肾上腺癌、软组织肉瘤、尿道癌、阴茎癌、慢性或急性白血病(包括急性髓性白血病、慢性髓性白血病、急性成淋巴细胞性白血病、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病)、儿童实体瘤、淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤、膀胱癌、肾或输尿管癌、肾盂癌、中枢神经系统(CNS)肿瘤、原发性CNS淋巴瘤、肿瘤血管发生、脊髓肿瘤、脑干胶质瘤、垂体腺瘤、Kaposi肉瘤、表皮样癌、鳞状细胞癌、T-细胞淋巴瘤、包括石棉诱导的癌症等环境诱导性癌症及所述癌症的组合。
在一个优选的实施方案中,通过如在本文中公开的方法检测的癌症可选自三阴性乳腺癌、非小细胞肺癌、卵巢癌、肾癌或胰腺癌。
在另一方面,提供了一种试剂盒,当用于如在本文中公开的方法中时,其包含如在本文中公开的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,连同使用说明书。
在本文中说明性阐述的本发明,可在缺少未在本文中具体公开的任何要素、限制的情况下适当实施。因此,例如术语“包括”、“包含”、“含有”等,应扩展地理解且没有限制。另外,用于本文的术语和表达已用作描述术语而非限制术语,并且在所述术语和表达的使用上不意图排除所显示和描述的特征的任何等同物或其部分,但要认识的是,各种修改可能在所要求保护的本发明的范围之内。因此,应理解的是,尽管已通过优选的实施方案和任选特征来具体公开了本发明,但本领域技术人员可采用在本文中公开的其中呈现的本发明的修改和变动,且认为所述修改和变动在本发明的范围之内。
本发明已在本文中广泛且一般性地描述。落入所述一般性公开内容中的各种更窄的种类和亚属分组亦形成本发明的一部分。这包括具有从该属中去除任何主题的附带条件或负面限制的本发明的一般描述,无论是否在本文中具体记载了被移除的材料。
其他实施方案均在所附权利要求和非限制性实施例中。另外,当以马库什群组的方式描述本发明的特征或方面时,本领域技术人员将认识的是,本发明亦因此以所述马库什群组中的任何独立要素或要素亚组的方式来描述。
实验部分
通过参考具体实施例,将更详细地进一步阐述本发明的非限制性实例和对比性实例,所述实施例不应以任何方式理解为限制本发明的范围。
材料和方法
分型
使用来自Roche的小鼠单克隆抗体分型试剂盒(Roche,#11493027001)进行分型。根据制造商说明书实施所述方案。简单地说,用150μl杂交瘤培养上清液将管中的沉淀复溶。通过涡旋使所述溶液充分混合,然后加至分型试纸条(isostrip)。在孵育10min之后分析结果。
裂解物蛋白提取
在冰冷的PBS(Invitrogen,美国)中刮取贴壁的BT549和H1299细胞并于4℃以1500rpm离心5分钟。将所述沉淀悬浮于用2%Triton以1:100稀释的蛋白酶抑制剂混合物(Calbiochem-Novabiochem,英国)制备的匀浆缓冲混合液中,并置于冰上15分钟。将获得的细胞裂解物转移到1.5mL微量离心管中并于4℃以14,000g离心1分钟。收集上清液并转移到新的小瓶中。
使用DC测定法的蛋白质定量
制备含0.2mg/mL-1.5mg/mL牛血清白蛋白的蛋白质标准。通过用2%Triton/PBS将所述样品裂解物稀释10倍来制备样品。以每孔5μL向微孔中加入标准和样品。通过以1:50稀释度向试剂A(BioRad,美国)中加入试剂S(BioRad,美国)来制备试剂A’。以每孔25μL向各孔中加入试剂A’,接着加入200μL试剂B(BioRad,美国)。使所述培养板在暗处于室温孵育15分钟。然后使用Tecan I-control(Tecan,瑞士)定量所述样品中的蛋白质并生成标准曲线。
免疫沉淀
对BT549和H1299细胞进行裂解物蛋白提取并将收集的澄清细胞裂解物立即用于免疫沉淀(IP)。使用自动化Phynexus MEA系统(Phynexus,Inc.,美国)进行IP。简单地说,将TAG_TNB1直接捕获至蛋白G或链霉亲和素PhyTip柱(5μL树脂床)上。在用洗涤缓冲液I(10mMNaH2PO4/140mM NaCl pH 7.4)洗去未结合的蛋白之后,使澄清细胞裂解物通过经mAb官能化的柱。用洗涤缓冲液II(140mM NaCl pH 7.4)进一步洗柱,以及用洗脱缓冲液(200mMNaH2PO4/140mM NaCl pH 2.5)在低pH洗脱结合的蛋白并立即用1M Tris-Cl pH 9.0中和。将洗脱物储存于4℃以用于进一步分析。
蛋白质印迹
(i)凝胶电泳
向细胞裂解物或来自IP的洗脱物中加入蛋白上样染料。将所得混合物于95℃煮沸5分钟。组装电泳仪并使用以5%MOPS SDS电泳缓冲液(NuPAGE)和95%MilliQ水制备的MOPS缓冲液充满电泳槽(gel tank)。将每孔10μL SeeBlue Plus 2分子量标志物(Invitrogen,美国)和26μL样品上样至孔中。通过SDS-PAGE(NuPage 4-12%梯度胶,Invitrogen)分离所述样品,接着进行蛋白质印迹或银染。
(ii)凝胶转移至膜
用20%甲醇、10%Tris-甘氨酸和70%MilliQ水制备转移缓冲液。将分离的蛋白转移到聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜(Millipore,MA)上并使所述转移以200V进行2小时。使用丽春红-S染料(Sigma-Aldrich,德国)将所述转移膜染色30秒,并用MilliQ水轻柔洗涤以检查条带和气泡的显现。
(iii)免疫印迹
通过将所述膜在5%牛奶中孵育30分钟来完成封闭步骤。封闭之后,将所述膜与以1:200与2.5%牛奶稀释的纯化mAb一起孵育过夜。使用1%BSA/PBS/0.1%Tween-20(PBS-T)将所述膜洗涤3次,每次5分钟,然后用辣根过氧化物酶缀合的兔抗小鼠抗体(1:10000,Dako)孵育。最后用PBS-T将所述膜洗涤3次,每次5分钟。
(iv)化学发光检测
将所述膜转移至Hypercassette(Amersham Biosciences,英国)上。通过ECL检测(GE Healthcare,瑞典)使HRP-缀合的第二抗体的结合显影。
银染和液相色谱-质谱法
通过用固定液(50%甲醇和5%乙酸)将所述凝胶固定30分钟然后用MilliQ水于室温水合1小时来进行银染。使用0.02%硫代硫酸钠将所述凝胶敏化处理2分钟并用MilliQ水洗涤2次,每次1分钟。加入冷硝酸银并将所述凝胶于4℃孵育40分钟。用MilliQ洗涤2次,每次1分钟,然后在剧烈振荡下用0.04%福尔马林和2%碳酸钠显影。显影之后,用3.65g/250mL EDTA 2Na洗涤10分钟并用MilliQ水漂洗3次,每次5分钟,然后切胶以用于液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)分析。
抗原靶标验证
已验证的靶向AXL受体酪氨酸激酶的siRNA和作为阴性对照的非靶向siRNA购自Ambion(Ambion,CA,美国)以用于实验。使用的siRNA的详情在下表1中概述。
表1:使用的siRNA的详情
在转染之前24小时,将5×105个BT549细胞接种到6-孔板的各孔中。根据制造商方案,使用Lipofectamine试剂(Invitrogen,卡尔斯巴德,美国),用siRNA转染具有60-80%细胞汇合的孔。
制备含基础培养基(RPMI)、lipofectamine和siRNA的混合物并于室温孵育20分钟以允许形成siRNA复合物。吸除各孔中的培养基并替换成新鲜培养基(RPMI+10%FBS),然后加入200μl所述siRNA复合物。将所述细胞在5%CO2气氛下于37℃培养72小时。72小时之后,将来自各孔的细胞收获、定量、如所述进行蛋白质印迹程序以分析siRNA的沉默效率。用于探测TAG-TNB1抗原的商品化AXL抗体在下表2中显示。
表2:用于蛋白质印迹的商品化第一抗体和第二抗体的稀释
流式细胞仪分析
使用胰蛋白酶将细胞收获成单细胞悬液,以每10μL体积2×105个细胞重悬于1%牛血清白蛋白(BSA)/PBS并与各mAb克隆(5μL纯化mAb)一起孵育30分钟。然后用冷的1%BSA/PBS洗涤细胞,并用1:500稀释的异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)缀合的山羊-小鼠抗体(DAKO,丹麦)于暗处进一步孵育10分钟。孵育之后,再次洗涤细胞并用200μL的1%BSA/PBS重悬以用于在FACS Calibur(Becton,Dickinson and Company,美国)上进行分析。
高碘酸盐处理
如上所述使BT549裂解物和膜蛋白流分进行凝胶电泳并转移至PVDF膜。用5%牛奶将膜封闭30分钟之后,用10mL pH 4.5的100mM乙酸钠将其漂洗两次。然后,将所述膜与5mL的100mM偏高碘酸钠一起于暗处室温孵育30分钟,孵育两次。然后,用10mL pH 4.5的100mM乙酸钠将所述膜漂洗四次并用10mL PBS漂洗一次。然后将所述膜与5mL的0.5M硼氢化钠一起于室温孵育30分钟。然后将所述膜用5mL PBS漂洗,用5%牛奶再次封闭30分钟并最后与TNB1mAb一起孵育过夜。平行制备对照(未处理的)膜,唯一不同为使用乙酸钠替代偏高碘酸钠来孵育。
PNG酶消化
根据制造商方案进行PNG酶消化(New England Biolabs)。简单地说,首先将10-20μg糖蛋白在1x糖蛋白变性缓冲液中于95℃变性10分钟。然后将变性蛋白与1μl唾液酸酶一起于37℃孵育。然后,加入1x G7反应缓冲液和10%NP-40并与渐增浓度的PNG酶F一起于37℃孵育1小时。然后用SGS-PAGE分离消化的蛋白并转移至蛋白质印迹。
β-消除
将进行具有三种不同处理的膜印迹;(1)未处理[NT],(2)氢氧化钠处理[SH]和(3)PBS处理作为阴性对照。将NT印迹与5%脱脂乳一起于4℃孵育过夜。在42℃,将SH印迹在50ml的50mM氢氧化钠溶液中孵育过夜以及将PBS印迹在50ml的1X PBS中孵育过夜。第二天,将所有印迹用5%脱脂乳封闭,用0.1%PBS/Tween以5分钟间隔洗涤3次并随后用一抗孵育过夜。使用Licor系统,在第三天进行二抗孵育和免疫检测。
抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性(ADCC)测定
使用报告基因生物测定法(reporter bioassay)(Promega;ADCC ReporterBioassay,#G7010)测定ADCC活性。根据制造商方案进行所述ADCC生物测定。简单地说,将细胞以每孔5,000个细胞接种到含低4%IgG-血清(Promega;#G711A)培养基的96孔透明底黑色组织培养板(Corning;#3904)中。将一抗的连续稀释物一式三份于37℃、5%CO2孵育约15min。孵育之后,以每孔约150,000个细胞向孔中加入工程改造的效应细胞。超过5h之后(或者如结果中所指示的),向孔中加入Bio-GloTM萤光素酶分析底物(Promega;#G719A和#G720A)并使用200酶标仪(Tecan)测定发光。增殖-Xcelligence测定
以每孔2500个细胞的密度和每孔90uL将细胞接种到E-培养板(Roche,巴塞尔,瑞士)(各孔的底部有80%的表面积覆盖了交错的金微电极)中。然后在含5%CO2的潮湿空气中将培养板于37℃培养48小时。48小时之后,向各孔中加入10uL(1mg/ml)的mAb或缓冲液并将培养板再次置于37℃、含5%CO2的潮湿空气中。使用xCELLigence系统实时细胞分析仪(Roche,巴塞尔,瑞士)监测细胞生长,其经由穿越所述金微电极的阻抗产生的细胞电导来测定贴壁细胞的增殖。从低细胞数至汇合,测定结果为实时获取的。
增殖-CellTiter-Glo发光细胞活性(CTG)测定
以每孔1000-5000个细胞的密度范围(取决于使用的细胞类型)和每孔90uL将细胞接种到黑色包被96孔板(Grenier Bio-one,英国)中。然后在含5%CO2的潮湿空气中将所述培养板于37℃培养24小时。24小时之后,向各孔中加入10uL的mAb或缓冲液并将培养板再次置于37℃、含5%CO2的潮湿空气中。在t=0小时、加入mAb或缓冲液之后3天和5天,向各孔中加入100uL的CTG底物(Promega,威斯康辛州,美国)。然后将培养板置于暗处10分钟,适当振荡。然后使用Tecan I-control(Tecan,瑞士)定量所述样品的细胞活性。CTG测定提供用于基于ATP定量来确定活细胞数(贴壁和悬浮细胞二者)的同类方法,其指示代谢活性细胞的存在。
抗体药物缀合物(ADC)
将嵌合TAG_TNB1mAb与皂草素毒素直接缀合(Advanced Targeting Systems,SanDeigo,美国)。简单地说,如上文在CTG测定中所述将细胞接种到96孔上并以0-4.5ug/ml的浓度范围将ADC(缀合的ch_TAG_TNB1-皂草素)给药到各孔中。在如前所述的处理之后5天测定所述细胞的细胞活性。
体内模型
如前所述制备所述抗体药物缀合物(Advanced Targeting Systems)。对于动物模型,采用占先模型。将各裸小鼠在右胁皮下注射含5×106个H1299细胞的100μL体积PBS/基质胶(1:1体积;BD MatrigelTM基质,#354234)。在第0、7和14天腹膜内施用所述药物(每次剂量40μg)。对肿瘤大小监测40余天。使用IgG同种型ADC药物缀合物作为对照。
结果和讨论
TAG_TNB1为针对三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)细胞系BT549培育的IgG2b单克隆抗体(mAb)。如通过流式细胞仪所确定,发现所述mAb优先与多种TNBC细胞系的细胞表面结合。TAG_TNB1是通过用完整细胞免疫动物来培育的,因此需要针对TAG_TNB1的抗原靶标的表征。TAG_TNB1的表征有益于辨别其在治疗TNBC患者上的治疗或诊断价值。
TAG_TNB1与约97kDa和64kDa处的两个不同条带结合,这使用BT549细胞的总裂解物经由蛋白质印迹在图2(A)中显示。另外,仅在非还原条件下观察到所述抗体的结合,表明所述抗体识别构象表位。进行免疫沉淀(IP)富集所述抗原靶标,以利于使用质谱法(MS)的靶标抗原鉴定。如在图2B中所示,从IP富集抗原靶标,以及切取平行凝胶上的对应条带,用胰蛋白酶消化样品并使用MS分析。来自MS的结果表明,所述TAG_TNB1的抗原靶标很可能为AXL受体酪氨酸激酶。使用两种细胞系BT549(TNBC)和H1299(非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)细胞系)进行所述样品的多重IP-MS运行。分析了序列覆盖率且发现针对BT549和H1299,从合并的MS结果分别鉴定出AXL受体酪氨酸激酶的至少35%和42%的肽序列。
使用商品化抗-AXL抗体验证了抗原靶标。商品化抗-AXL抗体的免疫印迹亦显示在约97kDa和64kDa处的类似条带,表明TAG_TNB1与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶结合(图3A)。来自使用siRNA瞬时敲除AXL的结果确认AXL为TAG_TNB1的靶抗原,其中与使用加扰序列对照和lipofectamine试剂的敲除相比,观察到在抗原条带上的显著减少(图3B)。使用商品化抗-AXL抗体确定AXL蛋白的瞬时敲除。使用肌动蛋白作为上样对照,显示所有样品之间的均匀上样。
为确定TAG_TNB1是否靶向聚糖表位,进行了高碘酸盐处理。偏高碘酸钠(NaIO4)通过氧化来破坏邻位二醇之间的糖的环结构以产生两个醛基。然后通过硼氢化钠NaBH4将所述醛基还原成羟基。该处理将影响靶向聚糖表位的抗体的结合。来自高碘酸盐处理的结果表明,当与未处理对照相比时,TAG_TNB1的结合显著减少(在图4A(左图)中显示),表明TAG_TNB1识别AXL上的聚糖表位。使用商品化抗-AXL抗体的高碘酸盐处理和免疫印迹未显示在信号强度上的任何减小,表明所述商品化抗体不识别AXL上的聚糖表位。为进一步阐明TAG_TNB1是经由N-联聚糖还是经由O-联聚糖基团与AXL受体蛋白结合,分别采用PNG酶处理和β-消除测定法。PNG酶能够切开与抗原连接的所有N-联糖。在PNG酶处理之后,仍观察到抗原条带,但具有更低MW(图4B)。这表明TAG_TNB1与其抗原的结合不为N-联依赖的。使用肌动蛋白作为上样对照。使用氢氧化钠(NaOH)进行B-消除以确定TAG_TNB1是否经由O-联聚糖与其抗原结合。NaOH将水解与抗原连接的所有O-联糖。使用PBS处理作为阴性对照。另外,将使用TAG-A1(内部的)探测的hESC裂解物用作阳性对照以确保实验方法为正确的。处理之后,抗原条带消失,表明TAG_TNB1与其抗原的结合为O-联依赖的(图4C)。同样使用肌动蛋白作为上样对照。为确定TAG_TNB1可能识别的末端聚糖表位,进行了聚糖阵列分析(未显示数据)。购买并测试了对于TAG_TNB1具有阳性信号的末端聚糖。使用流式细胞仪,用末端聚糖LewisY和4型B抗原观察细胞表面结合的封闭。显示了直方图上朝向阴性对照结合的部分偏移(图4D)。总之,TAG_TNB1与存在于AXL上的O-联聚糖特异性表位结合。
使用流式细胞术确定了TAG_TNB1的结合特异性,其中研究了活细胞表面结合(图5)。TAG_TNB1显示与多种TNBC细胞系的强结合,但不结合管腔A型或HER2阳性乳腺癌细胞。TAG_TNB1不与正常细胞(无限增殖细胞和原代细胞)和祖细胞结合,表明TAG_TNB1可与癌细胞的特定亚型结合。此外,尽管TAG_TNB1是针对TNBC细胞系培育的,但跨多种癌症中亦观察到mAb的结合,所述癌症包括卵巢癌、肾癌、肺癌、成神经细胞瘤、头颈癌、结肠直肠癌、胰腺癌。这表明TAG_TNB1可靶向AXL受体酪氨酸激酶上保守的糖基化癌症抗原靶标,其可存在于多种癌症类型中且在具有有限治疗选项的TNBC中为更普遍的。
其次,在TAG_TNB1结合和非结合细胞系二者中检测了AXL的表达(图6)。研究了AXL的mRNA和蛋白质表达二者。使用流式细胞术,TAG_TNB1的细胞表面结合特性类似于mRNA和蛋白质表达的结果。使用的商品化抗体亦显示类似的免疫印迹特性。这些结果意味着AXL在癌症中的过表达导致TAG_TNB1的结合。然而,使用不同商品化AXL抗体的免疫印迹在印迹上显示不同的多条带特性。更重要的是,TAG_TNB1结合显示更少条带,表明TAG_TNB1为更具特异性的。使用肌动蛋白作为用于免疫印迹的上样对照。
TAG_TNB1与商品化抗-AXL抗体相比的特异性在图7中显示。对所述抗体的细胞表面和胞内结合特异性二者进行流式细胞仪分析。总共检测了4种不同的抗-AXL商品化抗体。仅针对经测试的4个商品化抗-AXL抗体中的2个观察到细胞表面结合,且这两种抗体均为多克隆抗体。经由固定和透化处理的抗体的胞内结合表明所有商品化抗-AXL抗体均与所述细胞结合。
通过测试TAG_TNB1对生长抑制的作用、抗体依赖性细胞毒性(ADCC)和抗体药物缀合物来研究其治疗潜力。使用Xcelligence系统观察TAG_TNB1对其结合细胞的增殖的影响。在100ng/ml的单次剂量实验中,TAG_TNB1显示抑制两种TNBC细胞系(BT549和MDA-MB-231)和一种NSCLC(H1299)。重要的是,在相同剂量下,所述mAb不影响乳腺正常表皮细胞的增殖。使用替代细胞系统(Promega ADCC试剂盒),研究了嵌合TAG_TNB1(ch_TNB1)的ADCC潜力。将临床级赫赛汀与MCF-7细胞系用作阳性对照以确保所述测定的有效性。所述ch_TNB1未显示对TNBC(BT549)和NSCLC(H1299)细胞二者的任何显著的ADCC效应。首先采用使用pH-RODO染料的免疫荧光法证实了所述mAb被内化的能力以及携带有效荷载药物的可能性。在t=0min(4℃),所述mAb局限于细胞膜处,形成围绕所述细胞的环。于37℃孵育4-8小时之后,观察到胞内点状聚簇的抗体结合(未显示数据)。接着,将ch_TNB1与有效荷载药物(皂草素)直接缀合,以及使用Xcelligence,显示10ng/ml ch_TNB1-ADC的剂量对NSCLC细胞、卵巢细胞和TNBC细胞的细胞增殖的显著抑制。对MCF-7(一种非TAG_TNB1结合细胞系)未观察到ADC效应。为进一步确定ADC对细胞活性的作用,以10ng/ml给药细胞并使用Cell Titre Glo(CTG)测定法测定细胞活性。与Xcelligence数据一致,对所有结合细胞系均观察到显著的细胞死亡(>50%),而对非结合细胞未观察到细胞死亡。确定所述mAb缀合物的IC50范围为35.33pM-1240.80pM,各细胞系不同。
最后,使用小鼠肿瘤异种移植物来确定ch_TNB1在体内抑制肿瘤生长的能力。在时程实验中,在同一天将肿瘤细胞和第一剂量的ch_TNB1-ADC接种给动物,在注射mAb之前2小时细胞注射。以7天间隔(分别在第7天和第14天)施用两次额外剂量的ch_TNB1-ADC并监测肿瘤生长。约25天之后,仅使用缓冲液、仅使用TAG_TNB1和使用同种型(IgG)-ADC对照(分别为条件1、2和3)处理的动物的肿瘤体积开始增加并再持续2周。另一方面,对于使用ch_TNB1-ADC处理的动物,肿瘤的增殖在研究阶段始终受到抑制。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> AGENCY FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
<120> 抗-AXL受体酪氨酸激酶抗体及其用途
<130> 9869SG4396
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Asp His Pro Asn Val Met Arg Leu Ile Gly Val Cys Phe Gln Gly Ser
595 600 605
Glu Arg Glu Ser Phe Pro Ala Pro Val Val Ile Leu Pro Phe Met Lys
610 615 620
His Gly Asp Leu His Ser Phe Leu Leu Tyr Ser Arg Leu Gly Asp Gln
625 630 635 640
Pro Val Tyr Leu Pro Thr Gln Met Leu Val Lys Phe Met Ala Asp Ile
645 650 655
Ala Ser Gly Met Glu Tyr Leu Ser Thr Lys Arg Phe Ile His Arg Asp
660 665 670
Leu Ala Ala Arg Asn Cys Met Leu Asn Glu Asn Met Ser Val Cys Val
675 680 685
Ala Asp Phe Gly Leu Ser Lys Lys Ile Tyr Asn Gly Asp Tyr Tyr Arg
690 695 700
Gln Gly Arg Ile Ala Lys Met Pro Val Lys Trp Ile Ala Ile Glu Ser
705 710 715 720
Leu Ala Asp Arg Val Tyr Thr Ser Lys Ser Asp Val Trp Ser Phe Gly
725 730 735
Val Thr Met Trp Glu Ile Ala Thr Arg Gly Gln Thr Pro Tyr Pro Gly
740 745 750
Val Glu Asn Ser Glu Ile Tyr Asp Tyr Leu Arg Gln Gly Asn Arg Leu
755 760 765
Lys Gln Pro Ala Asp Cys Leu Asp Gly Leu Tyr Ala Leu Met Ser Arg
770 775 780
Cys Trp Glu Leu Asn Pro Gln Asp Arg Pro Ser Phe Thr Glu Leu Arg
785 790 795 800
Glu Asp Leu Glu Asn Thr Leu Lys Ala Leu Pro Pro Ala Gln Glu Pro
805 810 815
Asp Glu Ile Leu Tyr Val Asn Met Asp Glu Gly Gly Gly Tyr Pro Glu
820 825 830
Pro Pro Gly Ala Ala Gly Gly Ala Asp Pro Pro Thr Gln Pro Asp Pro
835 840 845
Lys Asp Ser Cys Ser Cys Leu Thr Ala Ala Glu Val His Pro Ala Gly
850 855 860
Arg Tyr Val Leu Cys Pro Ser Thr Thr Pro Ser Pro Ala Gln Pro Ala
865 870 875 880
Asp Arg Gly Ser Pro Ala Ala Pro Gly Gln Glu Asp Gly Ala
885 890
Claims (22)
1.一种抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其包含(i)重链可变结构域,包含氨基酸序列GFTFTSYYMY(SEQ ID NO:3)编码的VHCDR1;氨基酸序列GVSPSNGGANFNEKFKT(SEQ ID NO:4)编码的VHCDR2、和氨基酸序列FLYGPRYFDV(SEQ ID NO:5)编码的VHCDR3;和(ii)轻链可变结构域,包含氨基酸序列RASESVDNYGISFMN(SEQ ID NO:6)编码的VLCDR1、氨基酸序列GASNQGS(SEQ ID NO:7)编码的VLCDR2和氨基酸序列QQSKEVPYT(SEQ ID NO:8)编码的VLCDR3,其中所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段结合AXL受体酪氨酸激酶。
2.如权利要求1所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其中所述重链可变区包含在SEQ ID NO:1中所述的氨基酸序列。
3.如权利要求1所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其中所述轻链可变区包含在SEQ ID NO:2中所述的氨基酸序列。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其中所述抗原结合蛋白选自由以下组成的组:单克隆抗体、重组抗体、多克隆抗体、嵌合抗体、人源化抗体、双特异性抗体和异种缀合抗体;单可变结构域、结构域抗体、抗原结合片段、免疫有效的片段、单链Fv、单链抗体、不含铰链区的单价抗体、微抗体、双抗体和TandabsTM。
5.如权利要求4所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其中所述结合蛋白为单克隆抗体。
6.如权利要求5所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其中所述单克隆抗体为人源化的。
7.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其中所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段与所述AXL受体酪氨酸激酶上的聚糖结合。
8.如权利要求7所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其中所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段与所述AXL受体酪氨酸激酶上的O-联聚糖结合。
9.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其包含与其缀合的放射性同位素或细胞毒素。
10.如权利要求9所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其中所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段与选自一甲基瑞奥西汀E(MMEA-1)、mertansine(DM-1)和皂草素组成的组的细胞毒素缀合。
11.如权利要求10所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,其中包含与之缀合的放射性同位素或细胞毒素的所述抗原结合蛋白或抗原结合片段在与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶结合之后被内化到细胞中。
12.一种组合物,其包含生理学上可接受的载体和治疗上有效量的如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段。
13.如权利要求12所述的组合物,其中所述组合物包含选自由贝伐单抗、卡铂、紫杉醇或吉非替尼组成的组的另外的活性药物成分。
14.如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段在制备用于治疗癌症的药物中的用途,其中所述癌症选自三阴性乳腺癌、肾癌、头颈癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌和肺癌。
15.如权利要求14所述的用途,其中将所述药物与另外的活性药物成分一起施用。
16.如权利要求14所述的用途,其中将所述药物与化疗一起施用。
17.如权利要求15或16所述的用途,其中所述另外的药剂或化疗待分开施用、同时施用或序贯施用。
18.如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段在制备用于检测受试者的样品中的癌症的方法的试剂盒中的用途,其中所述方法包括:检测所述样品中所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段的结合;将所述结合与对照样品中的结合水平进行关联以确定所述样品中的结合水平,其中,相对于所述对照样品,在所述样品中的结合水平上的增加指示癌症;其中所述结合是如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段与AXL受体酪氨酸激酶的结合。
19.根据权利要求18所述的用途,其中所述抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段包含可检测标签。
20.根据权利要求19所述的用途,其中所述可检测标签选自生物素、碱性磷酸酶、辣根过氧化物酶、FITC、PE或Cy染料。
21.根据权利要求19所述的用途,其中使用选自流式细胞术、组织切片或免疫组织化学的测定法来检测所述可检测标签。
22.一种试剂盒,其包含如在权利要求1-11中任一项所述的抗原结合蛋白或其抗原结合片段,连同使用说明书。
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PCT/SG2017/050266 WO2017200493A1 (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2017-05-22 | Anti-axl tyrosine kinase receptor antibodies and uses thereof |
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CN115125272B (zh) * | 2021-03-29 | 2024-04-19 | 复旦大学 | 一种car-t治疗载体及其构建方法和应用 |
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WO2011159980A1 (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-22 | Genentech, Inc. | Anti-axl antibodies and methods of use |
CN103998468A (zh) * | 2011-11-03 | 2014-08-20 | 皮埃尔法布雷医药公司 | 抗原结合蛋白及其用作治疗癌症的定位产品的用途 |
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JP2016518382A (ja) | 2013-04-26 | 2016-06-23 | ピエール、ファーブル、メディカマン | Axl抗体薬物複合体および癌の治療のためのその使用 |
WO2015095766A2 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-06-25 | Stem Centrx, Inc. | Novel anti-lingo1 antibodies and methods of use |
CN114621347A (zh) | 2014-07-11 | 2022-06-14 | 根马布股份公司 | 结合axl的抗体 |
JP6913030B2 (ja) * | 2015-05-18 | 2021-08-04 | アジェンシス,インコーポレイテッド | Axlタンパク質に結合する抗体 |
WO2017189959A1 (en) | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-02 | Voyager Therapeutics, Inc. | Compositions for the treatment of disease |
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WO2011159980A1 (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-22 | Genentech, Inc. | Anti-axl antibodies and methods of use |
CN103998468A (zh) * | 2011-11-03 | 2014-08-20 | 皮埃尔法布雷医药公司 | 抗原结合蛋白及其用作治疗癌症的定位产品的用途 |
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