CN109471771A - A kind of the dynamic memory pool monitoring method and device of Nucleus system - Google Patents
A kind of the dynamic memory pool monitoring method and device of Nucleus system Download PDFInfo
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/30—Monitoring
- G06F11/3003—Monitoring arrangements specially adapted to the computing system or computing system component being monitored
- G06F11/3037—Monitoring arrangements specially adapted to the computing system or computing system component being monitored where the computing system component is a memory, e.g. virtual memory, cache
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- G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
- G06F12/0223—User address space allocation, e.g. contiguous or non contiguous base addressing
- G06F12/023—Free address space management
- G06F12/0238—Memory management in non-volatile memory, e.g. resistive RAM or ferroelectric memory
- G06F12/0246—Memory management in non-volatile memory, e.g. resistive RAM or ferroelectric memory in block erasable memory, e.g. flash memory
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system and devices, belong to dynamic memory pool analysis technical field.The present invention is based on the symbol resolution of memory pool variable, the structural information of Nucleus system dynamic memory pool chain table address and chained list node is determined by symbol resolution, and the information about firms of memory pool control block structural body, each dynamic memory pool information can be obtained by directly reading memory by above- mentioned information.The present invention can quickly, easily realize the monitoring to its dynamic memory pool information in Nucleus system operation, and Nucleus user is enable accurately to understand the service condition of system current memory.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system and devices, belong to dynamic memory pool point
Analyse technical field.
Background technique
Nucleus operating system is one formula multiple task operating system of trying to be the first of design for real-time embedded application,
95% code is to be write as with ANSIC, therefore be highly convenient for transplanting and can support most types of processor.Simultaneously
Nucleus system has many advantages, such as, such as: provide that source code, cost performance are high, be easy to learn and use, functional module is abundant, these all make
It obtains Nucleus system to be used widely in numerous areas, such as: network, routing, data communication, automobile, Medical Instruments, safety
Secrecy, Industry Control, satellite communication etc..
Dynamic memory distribution is widely applied in Nucleus system, these dynamic memory distributions are typically all to be based on
The dynamic memory management module of Nucleus operating system realizes that some dynamic memory distributions are directly to operate to be in Nucleus
It is carried out in the global memory pool of system, it is also some, it is the dedicated memory pool that application module is created in Nucleus memory management
Middle distribution.However the data of the distribution of memory, release and storage be for Nucleus system user it is sightless, it is interior
The service condition and health status deposited are unknowable.Since dynamic memory distribution carrys out the scale of storage allocation block as needed, because
This with memory block continuous distribution and release, it will cause to occur the memory fine crushing that can not distribute between partial memory block empty
Between, i.e., memory fragmentation, these memory fragmentations will gradually cause running efficiency of system low with accumulated time；If in the presence of in
Leakage is deposited, then will appear the case where memory exhausts at last with time change, is restarted so as to cause system in case of system halt.If can
To find the service condition and its health status of memory in system operation early, so that it may take steps in optimization early
Use is deposited, thus the potential risk during avoidance system is run.So to the prison of Nucleus system dynamic memory pool operating status
It surveys, the operating status and health status of system can be intuitively understood, this is significant to the stable operation of Nucleus system.
Dynamic memory pool structure in Nucleus system is as shown in Figure 1, Nucleus system passes through dynamic memory pool control block
Chained list DMD_Created_Pools_List carrys out maintenance and management dynamic memory pool.System one dynamic memory pool of every generation, just
One dynamic memory pool control block relevant to the memory pool of creation can be synchronized, memory pool control block stores dynamic memory pool
Title, scale, available space, smallest allocation space, memory block chain table address, hangs up waiting task dispatching information at address.In dynamic
It deposits the creation of pond control block to be added in memory pool control block chained list later, in this way, system can pass through dynamic memory pool
Control block chained list finds the memory pool and is managed to it.
For each specified dynamic memory pool, system by memory block header structure chained list dm_memory_list come pair
It carries out maintenance and management.It is relevant to the memory block interior will to synchronize creation one for system one dynamic memory block of every distribution
Counterfoil header structure, memory block header structure store the idle state of the memory block, affiliated memory pool pointer and with the memory
Block be connected upper one piece and next piece of memory block header structure pointer.After the creation of memory block header structure, it is just added to phase
It answers in the memory block header structure chained list of memory pool.
Therefore memory pool control block stores the macroscopic information of memory pool, the then more description in detail of memory block header structure chained list
The specific distribution condition in specified memory pond so specifically to monitor the dynamic memory pool of Nucleus system needs accurate and effective
Obtain dynamic memory pool chained list, memory pool control block and memory block header structure chained list operation information.And it lacks in the prior art
The real-time monitoring of few dynamic memory pool to Nucleus system, causes Nucleus system that can not understand dynamic memory pool in time
Service condition.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of dynamic memory pool monitoring methods of Nucleus system, to realize to Nucleus
The real-time monitoring of the dynamic memory pool of system；The present invention also provides a kind of monitorings of the dynamic memory pool of Nucleus system simultaneously
Device.
The present invention provides a kind of dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system to solve above-mentioned technical problem, should
Monitoring method the following steps are included:
1) Nucleus system dynamic memory pool chained list initial address is obtained by symbol resolution, the type of chained list node is believed
The member type of breath and memory pool control block structural body；
2) dynamic memory pool chained list is traversed, the memory address of each memory pool control block is obtained；
3) memory is directly read according to the offset of each member's relative origin of memory pool control block and member type, with
Title, address, gross space, remaining space and the hang-up number of tasks for obtaining each dynamic memory pool, realize each memory pool information
Monitoring.
The present invention determines Nucleus system dynamic by symbol resolution based on the symbol resolution of memory pool variable
The information about firms of the structural information and memory pool control block structural body of memory pool chain table address and chained list node, by above-mentioned
Information, which directly reads memory, can obtain each dynamic memory pool information.The present invention quickly, can be realized easily to Nucleus
The monitoring of its dynamic memory pool information in system operation, enables Nucleus user accurately to understand system current memory
Service condition.
Further, the distribution of each memory block in memory pool can be accurately understood in order to facilitate Nucleus user and make
With situation, this method further includes the monitoring of memory pool distribution information, process are as follows: traversal dynamic memory pool chained list obtains specified memory
The initial address of the memory block header structure chained list in pond, according to the initial address of obtained memory block header structure chained list to the memory block
Header structure chained list is traversed, and the size of each memory block in the specified memory pond is obtained, and counts same size memory block
Quantity.
Further, the distribution situation of memory fragmentation in memory pool can be accurately understood in order to facilitate Nucleus user, it should
Method further includes the monitoring to memory pool fragment information, process are as follows: traversal dynamic memory pool chained list obtains the interior of specified memory pond
The initial address of counterfoil header structure chained list, according to the initial address of obtained memory block header structure chained list to the memory block header structure
Chained list is traversed, and determines the distribution situation of each memory block use and idle condition and memory fragmentation.
Further, the out-of-limit situation of memory pool can accurately be understood in order to facilitate Nucleus user, this method further includes pair
The out-of-limit monitoring of memory pool, process are as follows: traversal dynamic memory pool chained list obtains the memory block header structure chained list in specified memory pond
Initial address traverses the memory block header structure chained list according to the initial address of obtained memory block header structure chained list, inspection
The correctness that the data member correctness and chain table pointer looked into all memory block header data structures are directed toward, if correct,
Illustrate that the memory pool is not out-of-limit.
Further, in order to realize in memory block header data structure data member correctness and chain table pointer be directed toward
Correctness judgement, the present invention gives specific judgment mode, judges that memory block header structure data member correctness is
Judge that memory block idle state identifies correctness, if idle state ident value is Boolean, then it is assumed that control block idle state mark
Know correct；Judging that chain table pointer is directed toward correctness is to directly read current memory control block to be directed toward a upper memory block pointer and institute
Belong to memory pool pointer, if two pointers are directed toward corresponding memory block and memory pool, then it is assumed that chain table pointer is directed toward correct.
Further, memory pool memory overflow situation can accurately be understood in order to facilitate Nucleus user, this method is also wrapped
Include the monitoring to memory pool leakage, process are as follows: traversal dynamic memory pool chained list finds the memory pool control block of memory pool, according to setting
It fixes time to be spaced and reads the memory pool available space size, determine that available space accounts for gross space percentage and changes over time situation,
When memory pool available space is changed over time in trend is gradually reduced, the case where determining the memory pool there are memory overflows.
Further, broken to memory pool in order to enable Nucleus user intuitively to find out the distribution situation of memory fragmentation
The monitoring of piece information further includes showing the distribution situation of memory fragmentation by way of pie chart and distribution map.
Further, in order to enable Nucleus user intuitively to find out that memory pool whether there is leakage, memory pool is let out
The monitoring of leakage further includes available space is accounted for gross space percentage changing over time situation to show by way of Dynamic Graph.
The present invention also provides a kind of dynamic memory pool monitoring device of Nucleus system, which includes processing
Device and memory and storage on a memory and the computer program that can run on a processor, described in the processor execution
The dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system of the invention is realized when computer program.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is existing Nucleus system dynamic memory pool structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that memory pool information of the present invention summarizes monitoring function implementation flow chart；
Fig. 4 is that memory pool information summarizes monitoring instance graph in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is memory pool distribution condition monitoring function implementation flow chart in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is USYSYMEM memory pool distribution condition monitoring instance graph of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is memory pool fragment monitoring function implementation flow chart in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is DM_GWS memory pool chip distribution monitoring instance graph of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is DM_GWS memory pool fragment ratio monitoring instance graph of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the out-of-limit monitoring function implementation flow chart of memory in the present invention；
Figure 11 is the out-of-limit monitoring instance graph of GW_DM memory of the present invention；
Figure 12 is memory overflow monitoring function implementation flow chart of the present invention；
Figure 13 is espdrv memory overflow monitoring instance graph；
Figure 14 is the structure chart of the dynamic memory pool monitoring device of Nucleus system of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The embodiment of the dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system of the present invention
The dynamic memory pool monitoring method of the present embodiment passes through symbol resolution based on the symbol resolution of memory pool variable
To determine the address of Nucleus system dynamic memory pool chained list and its structural information of chained list node, memory pool control block and interior
The structural information of the structural bodies such as counterfoil header structure；Then dynamic memory pool chained list and memory pool are obtained by directly reading memory
The actual value of control block structural body member obtains the currently used situation of dynamic memory pool；Further read memory block header structure
Information, to understand the distribution and service condition of each memory block in specified memory pond in more detail.The implementation process of this method
As shown in Fig. 2, wherein each functional module includes that the monitoring of memory pool information, the memory pool distribution monitoring of information, memory pool are broken
The monitoring of the monitoring of piece information, memory out-of-limit monitoring and memory overflow, other than the monitoring of memory pool information, remaining monitoring
It can be selected, each process is described in detail as needed below with reference to specific example.
Accurately and effectively obtain the operation information of dynamic memory pool chained list, memory pool control block and memory block header structure chained list
It is the premise realized to memory pool monitoring, the acquisition of these information can be realized directly by rdma read, and the present invention is using symbol
The mode of number parsing obtains the initial address of dynamic memory pool chained list and its data type of each member of chained list node and interior
Deposit pond control block and its build structure type and its member data type.
Symbol resolution, which refers to, connects the definition and reference of symbol, and a critical function of symbol resolution is exactly basis
Designation parses its specific information, data type and address such as variable, the initial address of function and end address, structure
The information such as the member Name of body and type, symbol include global variable, static variable, function, type, Label etc..Nucleus
System dynamic memory pool variable symbol information is stored in the specific position of file destination, the i.e. symbol table of ELF file, the invented party
Method loads the ELF file comprising required symbol first, then searches symbol in the symbol table of ELF file according to designation
Data type and memory address directly acquire its data type and memory address for simple variable, for structural body etc.
Data type that aleatory variable then needs further analytic structure body member and structural body member are relative to structural body initial address
Memory address offset.Then Nucleus system dynamic memory pool chained list initial address, the type structure of chained list node letter are obtained
Then the member type of breath and memory pool control block structural body traverses dynamic memory pool chained list, obtains each memory pool control block
Memory address, in offset and member type according to each member of memory pool control block relative to its initial address directly read
It deposits, to obtain the actual value of each dynamic memory pool information.
For this example, as shown in figure 3, loading Nucleus aims of systems file first, then obtained by symbol resolution
Take the dynamic memory pool address chained list DMD_Created_Pools_List and structural information and memory pool control block DM_PCB_
The structural information of STRUCT structural body stores offset value of the member of DM_PCB_STRUCT relative to structural body first address；Root
According to the address of dynamic memory pool chained list DMD_Created_Pools_List, with can knowing the beginning of first dynamic memory pool
Location, which is also dynamic memory pool control block address, according to memory pool control block structural body DM_PCB_STRUCT member's phase
Its memory value is directly read for the offset of memory pool control block address, the relevant information of the memory pool can be obtained, then will
Title, address, gross space, remaining space and the hang-up number of tasks of the memory pool of reading insert table, just complete first in this way
The Information Statistics of a memory pool.Then global memory pool's chained list DMD_Created_Pools_List is moved to next node, reads
It takes the information of second dynamic memory pool and inserts table, which repeats, until having read all dynamic memory pool letters
It ceases and completion of filling in a form, result is as shown in Figure 4.
After the completion of memory pool information monitoring, memory pool distribution information, memory pool fragment can be believed according to user's actual need
Breath, memory is out-of-limit and memory overflow is monitored.
1. the monitoring of memory pool distribution information.
Memory pool distributes information monitoring process are as follows: traversal dynamic memory pool chained list obtains the memory build knot in specified memory pond
The initial address of structure chained list obtains memory block header structure structural body member type by symbol resolution, then traverses memory build
Structure chained list directly reads memory, obtains the memory block distribution condition in specified memory pond, realizes the prison to memory pool distribution information
It surveys.
For this example, as shown in figure 5, traversing dynamic memory pool first after having selected a particular memory pond
Chained list searches the memory pool, then by memory pool initial address in memory pool control block structural body DM_PCB_STRUCT, finds
Then the memory pool traverses the memory block header structure chained list of the memory pool, inquires the size of each memory block, and count identical big
The quantity of small memory block, and these information are inserted into corresponding table, as a result as shown in Figure 6.
2. the monitoring of memory pool fragment information.
Memory pool fragment information monitoring process are as follows: the memory block header structure chained list in traversal specified memory pond is analyzed in each
Counterfoil uses and idle condition, the size of memory fragmentation and its position in memory pool is recorded, to obtain memory fragmentation
Size and distribution.
For specified memory pool, this example using monitoring process as shown in fig. 7, by the way of first, in accordance in step 1
The memory pool is found, the memory block header structure chained list of the memory pool, audit memory block occupancy situation are then traversed, residue can use sky
Between information, and can not storage allocation distribution situation, i.e. the distribution situation of memory fragmentation.It checks, can incite somebody to action in order to facilitate user
The distribution situation of fragment is showed in the form of pie chart and memory fragmentation distribution map, and pie chart can be intuitive to see in memory pool
The accounting of memory fragmentation, memory fragmentation distribution map can be intuitive to see distribution situation of the memory fragmentation in memory pool, knot
Fruit is as shown in Figure 8, Figure 9.
3. the out-of-limit monitoring of memory.
The out-of-limit monitoring process of memory are as follows: the memory block header structure chained list in traversal specified memory pond checks each memory build
The correctness that the correctness and memory block header structure pointer of structure member is directed toward, to judge whether there is in memory overwriting
Deposit leakage monitoring.Judge that memory block header structure data member correctness is to judge that memory block idle state identifies correctness, if empty
Not busy status indicator value is Boolean, then it is assumed that control block idle state mark is correct；It is straight for judging that chain table pointer is directed toward correctness
It connects and reads the current memory control block upper memory block pointer of direction and affiliated memory pool pointer, if two pointers are directed toward in corresponding
Counterfoil and memory pool, then it is assumed that chain table pointer is directed toward correct.When memory block free mark and memory block header structure pointer are directed toward
When correct, then it is assumed that the memory block is not out-of-limit, otherwise it is assumed that the memory pool has that memory is out-of-limit.
For specified memory pool, the monitoring process that this example uses is as shown in Figure 10, first, in accordance with the mode in step 1
The memory pool is found, the memory block header structure chained list of memory pool is then traversed, checks in all memory block header data structures
The correctness that the correctness and chain table pointer of data member are directed toward, for the head that detection is abnormal, by the memory block header structure
Information and a upper normal memory block header structure information insert table, and result is as shown in figure 11.
4. memory overflow monitors.
Memory overflow monitoring process are as follows: real-time monitoring memory pool available space size, according to available memory space size
Variation tendency is to determine whether there are memory overflows.
For this example, the monitoring process of memory overflow is as shown in figure 12, for specified memory pond, passes through traversal dynamic
Memory pool chained list finds the memory pool control block, and it is big according to specified time interval to read the memory pool available space by timer
It is small, when memory pool available space is changed over time in the trend gradually decreased, it can conclude that there are memories to let out for the memory pool
The case where leakage.It observes whether memory overflow occur in order to facilitate user is more intuitive, available space can be drawn and account for gross space
The curve that changes over time of percentage, result is as shown in figure 13.
By the above process, the present invention can quickly and conveniently obtain its dynamic memory in Nucleus system operation
Pond distribution and service condition can monitor that memory fragmentation is distributed, memory is out-of-limit and memory by memory pool distribution and service condition
Leakage situation, to make the service condition and its health status of the more intuitive accurate understanding system current memory of Nucleus user.
The embodiment of the dynamic memory pool monitoring device of Nucleus system of the present invention
The above method can be used as a kind of computer program, transport in the dynamic memory pool monitoring device of Nucleus system
Row, the dynamic memory pool monitoring device of Nucleus system of the invention are the equipment that computer etc. has data-handling capacity, should
Determining device includes: memory, processor and network module.Memory, processor and network module between each other directly or
It is electrically connected indirectly, to realize the transmission or interaction of data.For example, these elements between each other can be logical by one or more
It interrogates bus or signal wire is realized and is electrically connected.Memory includes that at least one can be deposited in the form of software or firmware (firmware)
The software function module being stored in memory, the software program and module that processor is stored in memory by operation, from
And perform various functions application and data processing, i.e., in the dynamic of the Nucleus system in realization embodiment of the present invention method
Deposit pond monitoring method.
Wherein, memory may be, but not limited to, random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM),
Read-only memory (Read Only Memory, ROM), programmable read only memory (Programmable Read-Only
Memory, PROM), erasable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM),
Electricallyerasable ROM (EEROM) (Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM) etc..
Wherein, memory is for storing program, and processor executes above procedure after receiving and executing instruction.
Processor may be a kind of IC chip, the processing capacity with signal.Above-mentioned processor can be logical
With processor, including central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), network processing unit (Network
Processor, NP) etc..Can also be digital signal processor (DSP)), specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate
Array (FPGA) either other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components.It can be real
Now or execute the embodiment of the present invention disclosed in each method, step and logic diagram.General processor can be microprocessor
Or the processor is also possible to any conventional processors etc..
Network module (being also communication module) is used to establish by network logical between electronic equipment and external communications terminals
The transmitting-receiving operation of network signal and data is realized in letter connection.Above-mentioned network signal may include wireless signal or wire signal.
For this example, as shown in figure 14, program performed by processor includes symbol resolution module, memory pool information
Monitoring modular, Memory Allocation monitoring modular, chip distribution monitoring modular, the out-of-limit monitoring modular of memory and memory overflow monitor mould
Block obtains Nucleus system dynamic memory pool chained list initial address by symbol resolution module, the type structure of chained list node is believed
The structural information of breath, memory pool control block structural body and memory block header structure body；Pass through memory pool information monitoring module, memory point
It realizes with monitoring modular, chip distribution monitoring modular, the out-of-limit monitoring modular of memory and memory overflow monitoring modular to dynamic memory
The case where pond, is monitored, and Nucleus user is made accurately to understand the service condition and its health status of system current memory.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system, which is characterized in that the monitoring method the following steps are included:
1) by symbol resolution obtain Nucleus system dynamic memory pool chained list initial address, chained list node type information, with
And the member type of memory pool control block structural body；
2) dynamic memory pool chained list is traversed, the memory address of each memory pool control block is obtained；
3) memory is directly read according to the offset of each member's relative origin of memory pool control block and member type, to obtain
Title, address, gross space, remaining space and the hang-up number of tasks of each dynamic memory pool, realize the monitoring of each memory pool information.
2. the dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that this method is also
Monitoring including memory pool distribution information, process are as follows: traversal dynamic memory pool chained list obtains the memory build knot in specified memory pond
The initial address of structure chained list carries out the memory block header structure chained list according to the initial address of obtained memory block header structure chained list
Traversal, obtains the size of each memory block in the specified memory pond, and count the quantity of same size memory block.
3. the dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that this method is also
Including the monitoring to memory pool fragment information, process are as follows: traversal dynamic memory pool chained list obtains the memory build in specified memory pond
The initial address of structure chained list, according to the initial address of obtained memory block header structure chained list to the memory block header structure chained list into
Row traversal determines the distribution situation of each memory block use and idle condition and memory fragmentation.
4. the dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that this method is also
Including the monitoring out-of-limit to memory pool, process are as follows: traversal dynamic memory pool chained list obtains the memory block header structure in specified memory pond
The initial address of chained list, according to the initial address of obtained memory block header structure chained list to memory block header structure chained list progress time
It goes through, the correctness that data member correctness and chain table pointer in all memory block header data structures are directed toward is checked, if just
Really, then illustrate that the memory pool is not out-of-limit.
5. the dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that judge memory
Build structured data member's correctness is to judge that memory block idle state identifies correctness, if idle state ident value is boolean
Value, then it is assumed that control block idle state mark is correct；Judging that chain table pointer is directed toward correctness is to directly read current memory control
Block is directed toward a upper memory block pointer and affiliated memory pool pointer, if two pointers are directed toward corresponding memory block and memory pool, recognizes
It is directed toward for chain table pointer correct.
6. the dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that this method is also
Including the monitoring leaked memory pool, process are as follows: traversal dynamic memory pool chained list finds the memory pool control block in specified memory pond,
The memory pool available space size is read according to setting time interval, determines that available space accounts for gross space percentage and changes over time
Situation, when memory pool available space is changed over time in trend is gradually reduced, determining the memory pool, there are the feelings of memory overflow
Condition.
7. the dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that memory pool
The monitoring of fragment information further includes showing the distribution situation of memory fragmentation by way of pie chart and distribution map.
8. the dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that memory pool
The monitoring of leakage further includes available space is accounted for gross space percentage changing over time situation to show by way of Dynamic Graph
Come.
9. a kind of dynamic memory pool monitoring device of Nucleus system, which is characterized in that the monitoring device includes processor and deposits
Reservoir and storage on a memory and the computer program that can run on a processor, the processor execution computer
The dynamic memory pool monitoring method of Nucleus system of any of claims 1-8 is realized when program.
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