CN109468711B - Carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon nano tube-graphene composite fiber and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing graphene oxide with a solvent, and then performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a graphene oxide spinning solution; (2) carrying out wet spinning on the graphene oxide spinning solution to obtain graphene oxide fibers; (3) and placing the graphene oxide fiber in a thermal chemical vapor deposition furnace, and continuously introducing hydrogen and a reaction precursor gas for reaction to obtain the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber. The carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber with excellent mechanical property and conductivity can be prepared by adopting the method, and the preparation process does not need a catalyst, and has the characteristics of simple operation and large-scale preparation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of carbon material preparation, and particularly relates to a carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Since the discovery of 2004, graphene has become the most promising carbon material due to its excellent properties such as electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, mechanical properties, and electron mobility. An important challenge in graphene research applications is the design and efficient assembly of graphene material macrostructures. The flexible graphene fiber is prepared by wet spinning and chemical reduction of graphene oxide at Zhejiang university in 2011, and the application of graphene is expanded. However, due to the reasons of small interaction force of graphene sheets and the like, the existing graphene fiber is not ideal in strength and conductivity. In order to solve the problem, researchers compound the carbon nanotube and the graphene, which have excellent mechanical properties and electrical conductivity, so that the two materials are supported by each other, thereby improving the internal porosity and the mechanical properties and the electrical conductivity. However, the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber prepared by the prior art has both unsatisfactory mechanical property and conductivity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber and a preparation method and application thereof.
In one aspect of the present invention, a method of preparing a carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises: (1) mixing graphene oxide with a solvent, and then performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a graphene oxide spinning solution; (2) carrying out wet spinning on the graphene oxide spinning solution to obtain graphene oxide fibers; (3) and placing the graphene oxide fiber in a thermal chemical vapor deposition furnace, and continuously introducing hydrogen and a reaction precursor gas for reaction to obtain the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber.
Optionally, in the step (1), the solvent is used in an amount of 50 to 300 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the graphene oxide.
Optionally, in step (1), the solvent consists of at least one of water, dimethyl sulfoxide, and dimethylformamide.
Optionally, step (2) is performed according to the following steps: and (3) enabling the graphene oxide spinning solution to pass through a spinning head with the aperture of 50-300 mu m at the extrusion speed of 0.1-3 mL/min, then staying in a coagulating bath for 1-5min, and then drying to obtain the graphene oxide fiber.
Optionally, the coagulation bath consists of at least one of ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, and butanone.
Optionally, step (3) is performed according to the following steps: (3-1) placing the graphene oxide fiber in a thermochemical vapor deposition furnace, vacuumizing, and introducing 100-1000 mL/min argon; (3-2) heating the thermal chemical vapor deposition furnace to 500-1000 ℃, continuously introducing 50-200 mL/min hydrogen and 50-200 mL/min reaction precursor gas, keeping the temperature for 10-60min, stopping heating, and closing the hydrogen and the reaction precursor gas; (3-3) continuously introducing 100-1000 mL/min argon, and closing the argon after the temperature of the thermochemical vapor deposition furnace is reduced to room temperature to obtain the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber.
Optionally, in the step (3-2), the reaction precursor gas is composed of at least one of acetylene, methane, butane and acetone.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, a carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber is provided. According to the embodiment of the invention, the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber is prepared by the method.
In yet another aspect of the invention, an electrode is provided. According to the embodiment of the invention, the electrode is prepared by adopting the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber.
In yet another aspect of the invention, an electronic device is presented. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electronic device has the above-described electrode.
Compared with the prior art, the method for preparing the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber uses graphene oxide as a raw material, and adopts a wet spinning technology to prepare the graphene oxide fiber, wherein the primary raw material of the graphene oxide is graphite, the source is wide, the cost is low, and the preparation of the graphene oxide by adopting the wet spinning technology has the characteristics of simple and convenient operation and easy implementation, then the obtained graphene oxide is placed in a thermochemical vapor deposition furnace, active growth points are generated when oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the graphene oxide fiber are decomposed, so that the carbon nanotube is grown on the surface of the graphene oxide fiber in situ, and meanwhile, the graphene oxide fiber is thermally reduced into the graphene fiber to obtain the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber The electrode has the characteristics of high strength, high specific surface area and high conductivity, the conductivity and other properties of the electrode can be obviously improved when the electrode is used for preparing an electrode material, and the electronic device has excellent conductivity when the electrode is used for an electronic device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an electron microscope image of the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber obtained in example 1;
fig. 2 is an electron microscope image of the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber obtained in example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
In one aspect of the present invention, a method of preparing a carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
s1: mixing graphene oxide with a solvent, and performing ultrasonic dispersion
In the step, graphene oxide and a solvent are mixed, and then the mixed solution is subjected to ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a graphene oxide spinning solution. Specifically, the solvent is used in an amount of 50 to 300 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of graphene oxide, and the solvent is composed of at least one of water, dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide, for example, the solvent may be composed of one or more of water, dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide mixed in any proportion.
S2: carrying out wet spinning on the graphene oxide spinning solution
In the step, the graphene oxide spinning solution obtained in the step is subjected to a wet spinning process to prepare the graphene oxide fiber. Specifically, the graphene oxide spinning solution passes through a spinning head with the aperture of 50-300 μm at an extrusion speed of 0.1-3 mL/min, then stays in a coagulation bath for 1-5min, and then is dried to obtain the graphene oxide fiber, wherein the coagulation bath is composed of at least one of ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone and butanone, for example, the coagulation solution can be composed of one or more of ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, butanone and the like which are mixed in any proportion.
S3: placing the graphene oxide fiber in a thermal chemical vapor deposition furnace, and continuously introducing hydrogen and a reaction precursor gas to react
In the step, the obtained graphene oxide is placed in a thermochemical vapor deposition furnace, and argon gas of 100-1000 mL/min is introduced after vacuumizing; then heating the thermal chemical vapor deposition furnace to 500-1000 ℃, continuously introducing 50-200 mL/min hydrogen and 50-200 mL/min reaction precursor gas, keeping the temperature for 10-60min, stopping heating, and closing the hydrogen and the reaction precursor gas; and continuously introducing 100-1000 mL/min of argon, and closing the argon after the temperature of the thermochemical vapor deposition furnace is reduced to room temperature to obtain the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber, wherein the reaction precursor gas is composed of at least one of acetylene, methane, butane and acetone, and for example, the reaction precursor gas can be formed by mixing one or more of acetylene, methane, butane, acetone and the like in any proportion. And (3) cracking the precursor gas in a high-temperature inert atmosphere to generate a carbon source, and growing the carbon source at the active points of the graphene oxide sheets to form the carbon nanotubes. Specifically, the mass of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber accounts for 1-5% of the mass of the graphene.
The method for preparing the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber uses graphene oxide as a raw material, and adopts a wet spinning technology to prepare the graphene oxide fiber, wherein the primary raw material of the graphene oxide is graphite, the source is wide, the cost is low, and the graphene oxide prepared by the wet spinning technology has the characteristics of simple and convenient operation and easy implementation, then the obtained graphene oxide is placed in a thermochemical vapor deposition furnace, active growth points are generated when oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the graphene oxide fiber are decomposed, so that the carbon nanotube grows on the surface of the graphene oxide fiber in situ, and the graphene oxide fiber is thermally reduced into the graphene fiber to obtain the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber High strength, high specific surface area and high conductivity.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, a carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber is provided. According to the embodiment of the invention, the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber is prepared by the method. Therefore, the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber has the characteristics of flexibility, high strength, high specific surface area and high conductivity.
In yet another aspect of the invention, an electrode is provided. According to the embodiment of the invention, the electrode is prepared by adopting the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber. Therefore, the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber is used as a material for preparing the electrode, and the obtained electrode has excellent performances such as electric conductivity.
In yet another aspect of the invention, an electronic device is presented. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electronic device has the electrode described above. Thereby, the electronic device is made to have excellent conductive characteristics. In particular, the electronic device may be a supercapacitor, a wearable flexible electronic device, or the like.
The invention will now be described with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to be limiting in any way.
Example 1
(1) Mixing 1g of graphene oxide and 200g of deionized water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h at room temperature by 50KHz to obtain a graphene oxide spinning solution;
(2) taking the graphene oxide spinning solution obtained in the step (1), allowing the graphene oxide spinning solution to pass through a spinning head with the inner diameter of 100 microns at an extrusion speed of 0.5mL/min, solidifying in ethanol for 2min, collecting and drying to obtain continuous graphene oxide fibers;
(3) placing the graphene oxide fiber obtained in the step (2) in a thermochemical vapor deposition furnace, vacuumizing, and introducing 500mL/min argon; then heating the vapor deposition furnace to 600 ℃, continuously introducing 100mL/min hydrogen and 100mL/min acetylene gas, keeping the temperature for 20min, stopping heating, and closing the hydrogen and the reaction precursor gas; and continuously introducing 500mL/min of argon, and closing the argon after the temperature of the thermochemical vapor deposition furnace is reduced to room temperature to obtain the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber.
The diameter of the prepared carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber is about 30 μm, and the mass of the carbon nanotube is 2% of that of the graphene. The length of the grown carbon nanotube is 20-40 μm, and the diameter is 107 nm (as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2). The strength of the composite fiber is 600-900MPa, and the conductivity is more than 106S/m, specific surface area about 450m2/g。
Example 2
(1) Mixing 1g of graphene oxide and 100g of dimethyl sulfoxide, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h at room temperature by 50KHz to obtain a graphene oxide spinning solution;
(2) taking the graphene oxide spinning solution obtained in the step (1), allowing the graphene oxide spinning solution to pass through a spinning head with the inner diameter of 200 mu m at the extrusion speed of 2mL/min, solidifying in acetone for 3min, collecting and drying to obtain continuous graphene oxide fibers;
(3) placing the graphene oxide fiber obtained in the step (2) in a thermochemical vapor deposition furnace, vacuumizing, and introducing 500mL/min argon; then heating the vapor deposition furnace to 800 ℃, continuously introducing 200mL/min hydrogen and 200mL/min acetylene gas, keeping the temperature constant for 30min, stopping heating, and closing the hydrogen and the reaction precursor gas; and continuously introducing 500mL/min of argon, and closing the argon after the temperature of the thermochemical vapor deposition furnace is reduced to room temperature to obtain the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber.
The diameter of the obtained carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber is about 50 μm, and the mass of the carbon nanotube is 5% of that of the graphene. The length of the grown carbon nanotube is 40-60 μm, and the diameter is about 400 nm. The strength of the composite fiber is 600-800MPa, and the conductivity is more than 106S/m, specific surface area about 300m2/g。
Example 3
(1) Mixing 1g of graphene oxide and 150g of deionized water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h at room temperature by 50KHz to obtain a graphene oxide spinning solution;
(2) taking the graphene oxide spinning solution obtained in the step (1), allowing the graphene oxide spinning solution to pass through a spinning head with the inner diameter of 200 mu m at the extrusion speed of 2mL/min, solidifying in acetone for 3min, collecting and drying to obtain continuous graphene oxide fibers;
(3) placing the graphene oxide fiber obtained in the step (2) in a thermochemical vapor deposition furnace, vacuumizing, and introducing 300mL/min argon; then heating the vapor deposition furnace to 900 ℃, continuously introducing 100mL/min hydrogen and 100mL/min acetylene gas, keeping the temperature constant for 30min, stopping heating, and closing the hydrogen and the reaction precursor gas; and continuously introducing 300mL/min of argon, and closing the argon after the temperature of the thermochemical vapor deposition furnace is reduced to room temperature to obtain the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber.
The diameter of the obtained carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber is about 50 μm, and the mass of the carbon nanotube is 3% of that of the graphene. The length of the grown carbon nano tube is 20-40 μm, and the diameter is about 200 nanometers. The strength of the composite fiber is 600-800MPa, and the conductivity is more than 106S/m, specific surface area about 300m2/g。
Example 4
(1) Mixing 1g of graphene oxide and 150g of dimethylformamide, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h at room temperature by 50KHz to obtain a graphene oxide spinning solution;
(2) taking the graphene oxide spinning solution obtained in the step (1), allowing the graphene oxide spinning solution to pass through a spinning head with the inner diameter of 100 microns at an extrusion speed of 0.5mL/min, solidifying in ethyl acetate for 3min, collecting and drying to obtain continuous graphene oxide fibers;
(3) placing the graphene oxide fiber obtained in the step (2) in a thermochemical vapor deposition furnace, vacuumizing, and introducing 600mL/min argon; then heating the vapor deposition furnace to 500 ℃, continuously introducing 150mL/min hydrogen and 150mL/min butane gas, keeping the temperature for 15min, stopping heating, and closing the hydrogen and the reaction precursor gas; and continuously introducing 600mL/min of argon, and closing the argon after the temperature of the thermochemical vapor deposition furnace is reduced to room temperature to obtain the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber.
The diameter of the obtained carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber is about 25 μm, and the mass of the carbon nanotube is 3% of that of the graphene. The length of the grown carbon nano tube is 20-40 μm, and the diameter is about 50 nanometers. The strength of the composite fiber is 600-800MPa, and the conductivity is more than 106S/m, specific surface area about 500m2/g。
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should not be regarded as the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for preparing a carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber, comprising:
(1) mixing 1g of graphene oxide and 150g of dimethylformamide, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h at room temperature by 50KHz to obtain a graphene oxide spinning solution;
(2) taking the graphene oxide spinning solution obtained in the step (1), allowing the graphene oxide spinning solution to pass through a spinning head with the inner diameter of 100 microns at an extrusion speed of 0.5mL/min, solidifying in ethyl acetate for 3min, collecting and drying to obtain continuous graphene oxide fibers;
(3) placing the graphene oxide fiber obtained in the step (2) in a thermochemical vapor deposition furnace, vacuumizing, and introducing 600mL/min argon; then heating the vapor deposition furnace to 500 ℃, continuously introducing 150mL/min hydrogen and 150mL/min butane gas, keeping the temperature for 15min, stopping heating, and closing the hydrogen and the reaction precursor gas; and continuously introducing 600mL/min of argon, and closing the argon after the temperature of the thermochemical vapor deposition furnace is reduced to the room temperature to obtain the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber.
2. A carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber, wherein the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber is prepared by the method of claim 1.
3. An electrode, wherein the electrode is prepared from the carbon nanotube-graphene composite fiber according to claim 2.
4. An electronic device, wherein the electronic device has the electrode of claim 3.
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| CN111334897A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-26 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Carbon nano-based fiber, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114150497B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2023-08-15 | 北京大学 | Graphene-carbon nanofiber composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114672994B (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2024-06-11 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Graphene reinforced carbon nanotube composite fiber, and preparation method and device thereof |
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