CN109467372B - Sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board and preparation method thereof, and assembled integrated insulation wall and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board and preparation method thereof, and assembled integrated insulation wall and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109467372B CN109467372B CN201811533735.5A CN201811533735A CN109467372B CN 109467372 B CN109467372 B CN 109467372B CN 201811533735 A CN201811533735 A CN 201811533735A CN 109467372 B CN109467372 B CN 109467372B
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board and a preparation method thereof, and an assembled integrated insulation wall and a preparation method thereof. The surface and the interior of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board provided by the invention are provided with uniformly distributed and closed pore structures, so that the material has excellent strength and good insulation performance. The embodiment result shows that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board provided by the invention is 0.033-0.035W/(m.k).
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board and a preparation method thereof, and an assembled integrated insulation wall and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of building industry and housing industrialization, people have higher and higher performance requirements on building engineering, and in addition to safety performance requirements, the heat insulation effect of building walls is also more and more emphasized, so that heat insulation materials are continuously developed. At present, building heat-insulating materials are mainly divided into organic heat-insulating materials, inorganic heat-insulating materials and heat-insulating materials compounded by inorganic gel materials and heat-insulating aggregates. The existing organic heat-insulating materials, such as polystyrene board heat-insulating materials and foamed polyurethane foam heat-insulating materials, have good heat-insulating performance, but have poor fire resistance and potential safety hazards; existing inorganic thermal insulation materials, such as: the aluminum silicate fiber heat-insulating material and the rock wool heat-insulating material have high preparation cost, and limit the large-scale application of the materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board and a preparation method thereof, and an assembled integrated insulation wall and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 69-81 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 23-27 parts of desulfurized ash, 3.7-7.2 parts of foaming agent, 0.6-1.4 parts of water reducing agent, 0.5-1.4 parts of graphite powder, 0.1-0.3 part of polypropylene fiber and 40-49 parts of water.
Preferably, the blowing agent comprises hydrogen peroxide or sodium a-olefin sulfonate.
Preferably, the water reducing agent comprises a lignin-based water reducing agent or a polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water reducing agent.
The invention provides a preparation method of a sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing sulphoaluminate cement, desulfurized fly ash, graphite powder and polypropylene fiber to obtain an admixture;
(2) mixing a foaming agent and a water reducing agent with the admixture in the step (1), and then adding water to obtain a casting material;
(3) and (3) sequentially pouring and maintaining the pouring material obtained in the step (2) to obtain the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board.
Preferably, the curing in the step (3) is normal-temperature curing;
the temperature of the normal-temperature curing is 20-25 ℃, and the time of the normal-temperature curing is 10-14 d.
The invention also provides an assembled integrated heat-insulating wall, which comprises a decorative layer, a heat-insulating layer, a bearing layer and a mortar plastering layer which are sequentially connected in a laminated manner;
the heat insulation layer comprises a heat insulation plate and a steel keel for fixing the heat insulation plate; the heat-insulation board is the sulphoaluminate cement foaming heat-insulation board in the technical scheme or the sulphoaluminate cement foaming heat-insulation board prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme.
Preferably, the thickness ratio of the bearing layer to the heat-insulating layer is (3.0-3.5): 1.
preferably, the connection mode of the heat-insulating layer and the bearing layer comprises bolt connection and/or riveting.
Preferably, the connection mode of the heat-insulating layer and the decorative layer comprises bonding; the connection mode of bearing layer and mortar plastering layer includes bonding.
The invention provides a preparation method of the assembly type integrated heat preservation wall in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
providing reinforced concrete as a bearing layer;
providing a steel keel, and fixing the heat insulation board in a space formed by the steel keel to obtain a heat insulation layer;
fixedly connecting the bearing layer with the heat-insulating layer to obtain a composite board;
coating a plastering slurry on the bearing layer of the composite board, coating a decorative coating on the heat-insulating layer of the composite board, and drying to respectively obtain a mortar plastering layer and a decorative layer; after a mortar plastering layer and a decorative layer are formed, an assembled integrated heat-insulating wall is obtained;
the mortar surface layer and the decorative layer are formed in no order.
The invention provides a sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 69-81 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 23-27 parts of desulfurized ash, 3.7-7.2 parts of foaming agent, 0.6-1.4 parts of water reducing agent, 0.5-1.4 parts of graphite powder, 0.1-0.3 part of polypropylene fiber and 40-49 parts of water. The assembled integrated inner wall provided by the invention takes the sulphoaluminate cement as a main raw material, has the characteristics of high hydration hardening rate and early strength, has the advantages of low alkalinity, high stability and low drying shrinkage expansion rate, is used for preparing the porous foam heat-insulating material, can quickly condense and solidify generated foam in a cementing material to form a pore structure, and is beneficial to improving the stability of the foam and the performance of a product; the foaming agent can form closed pores, so that the board with excellent waterproof performance, heat preservation performance and compressive strength is obtained, and the production cost of the building material is reduced. The embodiment result shows that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board is 0.033-0.035W/(m.k), the compressive strength is 0.7-1.0 MPa, the performance requirement of the assembled integrated insulation wall is met, and the cost of the building insulation material is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an assembled integrated thermal insulation wall provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a schematic structural diagram of an assembled integrated thermal insulation wall provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a steel keel in an insulation layer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a reinforcing mesh structure of steel joists in the insulating layer;
in the figure, 1 is a mortar plastering layer, 2 is a bearing layer, 3 is an insulating layer and 4 is a decorative layer; 31 is a frame, 32 is a cross keel, 33 is a vertical keel, and 34 is a reinforcing mesh.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 69-81 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 23-27 parts of desulfurized ash, 3.7-7.2 parts of foaming agent, 0.6-1.4 parts of water reducing agent, 0.5-1.4 parts of graphite powder, 0.1-0.3 part of polypropylene fiber and 40-49 parts of water.
The preparation raw materials of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board comprise, by mass, 69-81 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, more preferably 71-78 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, and even more preferably 74-75 parts of sulphoaluminate cement. In the invention, the sulphoaluminate cement comprises the following mineral components in mass content: SiO 22 9.63％、CaO 42.58％、Al2O3 34.05、Fe2O3 1.20％、MgO 1.31％、SO38.63 percent, and the balance of inevitable impurities. In the invention, the loss on ignition of the low-alkalinity fast-hardening sulfate cement is 0.28. The sulphoaluminate cement with the optimized components has the characteristics of high hydration hardening rate and early strength, has the advantages of low alkalinity, high stability and small drying shrinkage expansion rate, and is favorable for obtaining the heat-insulating plate with high strength performance.
Based on the mass parts of the sulphoaluminate cement, the preparation raw materials of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board provided by the invention comprise 23-27 parts of desulfurized ash, preferably 24-26 parts of desulfurized ash, and more preferably 25 parts of desulfurized ash. In the invention, the desulfurized fly ash comprises the following components in percentage by mass, namely SiO2 41.87～42.51％、Al2O3 25.37～26.43％、CaO 10.42～11.56％、SO35.47-6.35%. In the embodiment of the present invention, the desulfurized ash is preferably derived from coal gangue power plant.
The preparation raw materials of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board provided by the invention comprise 3.7-7.2 parts of foaming agent, preferably 4.3-6.7 parts, and more preferably 5.4-5.7 parts by mass based on the sulphoaluminate cement. In the present invention, the blowing agent preferably comprises hydrogen peroxide or sodium a-olefin sulfonate, more preferably hydrogen peroxide. In the present invention, the hydrogen peroxide is preferably used as a hydrogen peroxide solution, and the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is preferably 20 to 30%, and more preferably 25 to 28%. The invention preferably uses hydrogen peroxide as a foaming agent, the hydrogen peroxide is decomposed to generate oxygen and water, and a closed pore structure can be formed on the surface and inside of the cement mixture in the oxygen escape process, so that the obtained plate has excellent heat insulation performance, sound insulation performance and light weight.
Based on the sulphoaluminate cement in parts by mass, the preparation raw materials of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board provided by the invention comprise 0.6-1.4 parts of water reducing agent, preferably 0.8-1.3 parts, and more preferably 0.9-1.2 parts. In the present invention, the water reducing agent preferably includes a lignin-based water reducing agent and/or a polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water reducing agent, and more preferably a polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water reducing agent. When the water reducing agent is a mixture of two components, the invention has no special requirement on the dosage ratio of the components in the mixture. The invention preferably uses the polycarboxylate high-efficiency water reducing agent, obviously reduces the water-cement ratio of the slurry and improves the density of the wall of the foam hole under the condition of ensuring the same workability of the foam concrete slurry, thereby improving the mechanical property, the thermal property and the like of the product.
Based on the sulphoaluminate cement in parts by mass, the preparation raw materials of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board provided by the invention comprise 0.6-1.4 parts of graphite powder, preferably 0.8-1.3 parts, and more preferably 0.9-1.3 parts. In the invention, the content of C atoms in the graphite powder is not less than 90 percent; the ignition residue of the graphite powder is preferably 20-30%, more preferably 25%, and the drying weight loss is preferably 45-50%, more preferably 50%. In the invention, the graphite powder has good dispersibility in a mixture of raw materials for preparing the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board, and can form high-efficiency reflection on heat; the infrared ray absorber contained in the graphite powder can greatly improve the heat preservation and insulation performance of the plate; in addition, the graphite powder can improve the energy efficiency and the comprehensive performance of the slurry.
The preparation raw materials of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board provided by the invention comprise 0.1-0.3 part of polypropylene fiber, preferably 0.2 part of sulphoaluminate cement. In the invention, the length of the polypropylene fiber is preferably 3-6 mm, and more preferably 4-5 mm; the diameter of the polypropylene fiber is preferably 18-48 μm, and more preferably 20-40 μm; the tensile strength of the polypropylene fiber is preferably more than or equal to 358 MPa. According to the invention, the anti-fracture capability of the plate is preferably enhanced by the polypropylene fiber, so that the capability of the plate to generate plastic deformation under the action of external force is greatly improved, and the toughness of the heat-insulating plate is improved.
The preparation raw materials of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board provided by the invention comprise 40-49 parts of water, preferably 43-47 parts of water, and more preferably 43-46 parts of water based on the sulphoaluminate cement in parts by mass. The water is not particularly required in the present invention and may be any known to those skilled in the art.
The sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board is prepared by taking sulphoaluminate cement, desulfurized fly ash, a water reducing agent, a foaming agent, graphite powder, polypropylene fibers and water as raw materials, the consumption of the cement is reduced by utilizing the desulfurized fly ash, the shrinkage is supplemented, and the stability of the size of the board is improved; under the action of the foaming agent, the surfaces and the interiors of the mixture of cement, desulfurized ash, water and the like form a closed pore structure, so that the obtained heat-insulating plate has excellent heat-insulating property, sound-insulating property and light weight; the invention also improves the workability of the foam concrete slurry through the water reducing agent, reduces the water-cement ratio of the slurry, and improves the density of the wall of the foam hole, thereby improving the mechanical property, the thermal property and the like of the heat-insulating plate product; in the invention, the graphite powder can be stably dispersed in the slurry of raw material components such as cement, desulfurized fly ash, water and the like, can reflect heat radiation, and further improves the heat preservation and insulation performance of the plate; in the invention, the polypropylene fiber can enhance the fracture resistance of the sulphoaluminate cement and greatly improve the plastic deformation capacity of the board under the action of external force, so that the toughness of the thermal insulation board is well developed.
The density of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board is lower than 170kg/m3. In the invention, the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board is provided with pores, and the pore diameter of the pores is preferably 1-5 mm, and more preferably 2-3 mm; the porosity is calculated by the total volume of the sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board in the volume occupied by the poresThe ratio is preferably 90.3 to 91.2%, more preferably 90.5 to 90.8%. The sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board provided by the invention is a cement foaming insulation board with the porosity.
In the invention, the thickness of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board is preferably 45-50 mm, and more preferably 50 mm. The heat conductivity coefficient of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board is 0.033-0.035W/(m.k); the compressive strength is preferably 0.7-1.0 MPa; the maximum sound insulation amount reaches 50 dB.
The invention provides a preparation method of a sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing sulphoaluminate cement, desulfurized fly ash, graphite powder and polypropylene fiber to obtain an admixture;
(2) mixing a foaming agent and a water reducing agent with the admixture in the step (1), and then adding water to obtain a casting material;
(3) and (3) sequentially pouring and maintaining the pouring material obtained in the step (2) to obtain the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board.
The invention mixes sulphoaluminate cement, desulfurized fly ash, graphite powder and polypropylene fiber to obtain admixture. The mixing mode of the sulphoaluminate cement, the desulphurized ash, the graphite powder and the polypropylene fiber is not required to be specially mixed, and the method is well known by the technical personnel in the field. In the present embodiment, the mixing is preferably performed in a cement mortar mixer.
After the admixture is obtained, the foaming agent and the water reducing agent are mixed with the admixture, and then water is added to obtain the casting material. In the invention, the mixing is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring, and the stirring speed is preferably 80-100 r/min, and more preferably 85-90 r/min; the stirring time is preferably 1-2 min, and more preferably 2 min. In the present invention, the foaming agent and the water reducing agent are preferably mixed in a solution manner to promote the dispersion of the foaming agent and the water reducing agent in the admixture; the foaming agent and the water reducing agent are preferably independently prepared into a solution with the mass concentration of 20-30%, and more preferably 25-30%. In the invention, the water for preparing the water reducing agent solution and the foaming agent solution is preferably part of water of the preparation raw materials of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board.
After the pouring material is obtained, the pouring material is sequentially poured and maintained, and the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board is obtained. The invention has no special requirements for the concrete implementation mode of pouring and the mould for pouring, and can be realized by adopting the method well known by the technical personnel in the field.
After pouring, the pouring blank obtained by pouring is maintained, and the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board is obtained. In the present invention, the curing is preferably normal temperature curing; the temperature of the normal-temperature curing is preferably 20-25 ℃, and more preferably 22-23 ℃; the time for normal-temperature curing is preferably 7-14 d, and more preferably 10-14 d;
the invention is maintained under the condition of normal temperature, so that the foaming agent is decomposed at a slow and uniform speed, pores with uniform sizes are formed in the plate, and the heat insulation performance of the plate is improved.
The invention also provides an assembled integrated heat-insulating wall, which comprises a decorative layer, a heat-insulating layer, a bearing layer and a mortar plastering layer which are sequentially connected in a laminated manner; the heat insulation layer comprises a heat insulation plate and a steel keel for fixing the heat insulation plate; the heat-insulation board is the sulphoaluminate cement foaming heat-insulation board in the technical scheme or the sulphoaluminate cement foaming heat-insulation board prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the fabricated integrated thermal insulation wall provided by the invention comprises a decorative layer 4, a thermal insulation layer 3, a bearing layer 2 and a mortar plastering layer 1 which are sequentially connected in a stacked manner; the heat insulation layer 3 comprises heat insulation plates and steel keels for fixing the heat insulation plates, each steel keel comprises a frame 31, a transverse keel 32 and a vertical keel 33, and the transverse keel 32 and the vertical keel 33 form a reinforcing mesh 34; the reinforcing mesh 34 and the frame 31 constitute a space for fixing the insulation board.
In the invention, the preparation raw materials of the steel keel preferably comprise C-type light steel, and more preferably C-type light steel with the model number of C80X 40X 20X 2.5; the distance between the adjacent transverse keels and the adjacent vertical keels in the steel keel is preferably 450-550 mm independently, and more preferably 480-520 mm; the connection mode between the transverse keels, the vertical keels and the frame is preferably welding.
In the invention, the heat insulation plate is fixed in the space formed by the steel keels in the technical scheme to form the heat insulation layer, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer is preferably 45-50 mm, and more preferably 50 mm. The invention has no special requirements on the size of the heat preservation plate, and the plate matched with the fixed space of the steel keel is obtained preferably by cutting.
The assembled integrated heat-insulating wall provided by the invention comprises a bearing layer, wherein the bearing layer is preferably reinforced concrete. In the present invention, the thickness of the concrete layer in the reinforced concrete is preferably 10 mm. In the present invention, the reinforced concrete preferably includes a steel reinforcement cage and concrete; the mass ratio of the steel bar framework to the concrete is 1 (10-13); the steel bar framework is composed of two steel bar meshes and short steel bars, the steel bar meshes are formed by cross connection of transverse steel bars and vertical steel bars, and the two steel bar meshes are connected through the short steel bars to form the steel bar framework. The invention has no special requirements on the forming mode of the steel reinforcement framework, and the method is well known by the technical personnel in the field.
In the invention, the diameter of the steel bar for the steel bar framework is preferably 8-10 mm, and more preferably 8 mm; the type of the steel bar is preferably HPB 300; the steel bar framework preferably comprises transverse steel bars and longitudinal steel bars, and the transverse steel bars and the longitudinal steel bars are welded to form a steel bar mesh. In the invention, the distance between the adjacent transverse steel bars and the distance between the adjacent longitudinal steel bars are independently less than or equal to 200mm, and more preferably 100-180 mm.
In the present invention, the raw materials of the concrete in the reinforced concrete preferably include cement, aggregate, desulfurized slag and water.
The raw materials of the concrete preferably comprise 1.5-2 parts by mass of cement, and more preferably 1.6-1.8 parts by mass of cement; the cement preferably comprises a 42.5 grade ordinary portland cement.
The raw material of the concrete preferably comprises 10-12 parts of aggregate, more preferably 10.5-11.5 parts by mass based on the mass part of the cement. The aggregate preferably comprises coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate preferably comprises broken stone, and the broken stone is preferably continuous graded broken stone; the particle size of the crushed stone is preferably 5-20 mm, and more preferably 8-18 mm; the fine aggregate preferably comprises medium sand, and the fineness modulus of the medium sand is preferably 2.86-2.94, and more preferably 2.90-2.92.
The raw materials of the concrete preferably comprise 1.5-2 parts of desulfurized slag, more preferably 1.6-1.8 parts by mass based on the mass of the cement; in the invention, the chemical components of the desulphurization slag preferably comprise SiO in percentage by mass241.92～42.46％、Al2O325.45～26.35％、CaO10.51～11.47％、SO35.52-6.30% and the balance impurities. The grain size of the desulfurization slag is preferably less than or equal to 80 mu m, and more preferably 20-60 mu m; the preferable specific surface area of the desulfurized slag is 393-405 m2/kg, more preferably 395 to 402m2In terms of/kg. In the present invention, the desulfurized slag is preferably from coal gangue power plants in Pingyuchao, Shanxi.
In the invention, the cement and the desulphurization slag are both cementing materials. In the invention, the water-cement ratio of the concrete raw material in the reinforced concrete is 0.3-0.4, and more preferably 0.3 according to the mass of water/the total mass of the cementing material. The invention has no special requirements on the dosage of the water, and the water-to-glue ratio can be controlled within the range.
In the invention, the connection mode of the insulating layer and the bearing layer preferably comprises bolt connection and/or riveting, and more preferably bolt connection; based on the thickness of the heat-insulating layer, the thickness ratio of the bearing layer to the heat-insulating layer is preferably (3-3.5): 1, and more preferably 3: 1.
The assembled integrated wall provided by the invention comprises a decorative layer. In the present invention, the connection between the insulating layer and the decorative layer preferably includes adhesion, and the adhesion is preferably achieved by the adhesive property of the raw material forming the decorative layer. In the present invention, the chemical composition of the decorative layer preferably includes desulfurized gypsum in which CaSO is contained4The mass content of the compound is more than or equal to 90 percent. In the invention, the thickness of the decorative layer is preferably 10-15 mm, and more preferably 13-15 mm.
The assembled integrated wall provided by the invention comprises a mortar plastering layer. In the invention, the connection mode of the bearing layer and the mortar finishing layer preferably comprises bonding, and the bonding is preferably realized through the self bonding performance of the raw materials for forming the mortar finishing layer. In the invention, the thickness of the mortar surface layer is preferably 10-15 mm, and more preferably 11-14 mm. In the present invention, the raw material for forming the mortar finishing layer preferably includes desulfurized fly ash, sand, cement, a water repellent, a fiber material and water.
In the invention, in the raw materials for forming the mortar plastering layer, the mass ratio of desulfurized fly ash, sand, cement and water is preferably 1 (7-8) to (1.8-2.2) to (1.8-2.0), and more preferably 1:7.8 to 2.02 to 1.82. The desulphurised ash is preferably an industrial waste product well known to the person skilled in the art. In the present invention, the desulfurized fly ash preferably comprises the following components in mass content: SiO 22 41.87～42.51％、Al2O3 25.37～26.43％、CaO 10.42～11.56％、SO35.47-6.35%. In the invention, the sand is preferably medium sand with good gradation, and the fineness modulus of the medium sand is preferably 2.86-2.94, and more preferably 2.90-2.92; the cement is preferably ordinary portland cement grade 42.5 or ordinary portland cement grade 52.5, preferably ordinary portland cement grade 42.5.
In the invention, in the raw materials for forming the mortar plastering layer, the ratio of the mass of the fiber material to the total volume of the desulfurized fly ash, the sand, the cement and the water is preferably 0.8-0.99 kg:1m3More preferably 0.9 to 0.95kg:1m3(ii) a The length of the fiber material is preferably 3-6 mm, and more preferably 4-5 mm; the diameter of the fiber material is preferably 18-48 mu m, and more preferably 20-40 mu m; the tensile strength of the fiber material is preferably more than or equal to 358 MPa; the fiber material is preferably a safe and nontoxic fiber material; the fibrous material preferably comprises polypropylene staple fibers. The source of the fibrous material is not particularly critical to the present invention and commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art may be used.
The invention utilizes the fiber material to reduce the cracks generated by the shrinkage of the mortar and prevent the cracks from expanding, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the impact strength of the assembled integrated heat-insulating wall.
In the invention, in the raw material for forming the mortar finishing layer, the ratio of the mass of the water-proofing agent to the total mass of the desulfurized fly ash and the cement is preferably 4-6: 100, more preferably 4.5-5.5: 100, and still more preferably 5: 100. In the present invention, the water repellent preferably comprises a silicone water repellent, preferably an aqueous emulsion type silicone water repellent KB-WP08E manufactured by hangzhou rejiang new materials technology ltd. The invention preferably utilizes the waterproof agent to improve the waterproof performance of the mortar surface layer, plays a role in heat insulation for the heat-preservation layer, provides a foundation and prolongs the service life of the wall body.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the assembly type integrated heat preservation wall in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
providing reinforced concrete as a bearing layer;
providing a steel keel, and fixing the heat insulation board in a space formed by the steel keel to obtain a heat insulation layer;
fixedly connecting the bearing layer with the heat-insulating layer to obtain a composite board;
coating a plastering slurry on the bearing layer of the composite board, coating a decorative coating on the heat-insulating layer of the composite board, and drying to respectively obtain a mortar plastering layer and a decorative layer; after a mortar plastering layer and a decorative layer are formed, an assembled integrated heat-insulating wall is obtained;
the mortar surface layer and the decorative layer are formed in no order.
The present invention provides reinforced concrete as a bearing layer, and in the present invention, the method of forming the reinforced concrete preferably includes the steps of:
welding the raw steel bars according to the size of the scheme to obtain a steel bar framework; mixing the raw materials of the concrete filler to form concrete slurry;
and pouring the concrete slurry into a steel reinforcement framework after the supporting template, and curing to obtain the reinforced concrete.
The invention has no special requirement on the welding mode of the steel reinforcement framework, and the method which is well known by the technical personnel in the field can be adopted. The invention has no special requirements on the mixing mode of the concrete filler, and the mode known by the technical personnel in the field can be adopted.
The present invention preferably supports the form within the framework of steel reinforcement to enable concrete grout to be cast therein. The concrete slurry is poured in a manner which is not particularly required by the invention and is well known to those skilled in the art.
After pouring, the invention preferably maintains the poured blank obtained after pouring to obtain the reinforced concrete. In the invention, the curing temperature is preferably 20-25 ℃, and more preferably 20 ℃; the humidity during maintenance is preferably 90-95%, and more preferably 93-95%; the curing time is preferably 7-14 d, and more preferably 10-14 d. After maintenance, the template is preferably removed to obtain reinforced concrete; the template may be removed in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. In the present invention, the curing is preferably performed under the above-mentioned conditions, and the reinforced concrete having a high compressive strength can be obtained.
In the present invention, the method for forming the steel keel preferably includes: the raw steel bars are welded into the steel keel, preferably in a manner well known to those skilled in the art.
According to the invention, the insulation board is preferably cut according to the size of the steel keel, and then the cut insulation board is fixed in the space formed by the steel keel, so that the insulation layer is obtained. The invention has no special requirements on the fixing mode of the heat-insulating plate, and can be realized by adopting a mode known by the technical personnel in the field.
After the bearing layer and the heat-insulating layer are obtained, the bearing layer and the heat-insulating layer are fixedly connected to obtain a composite board; the means of fixed connection preferably comprises bolting and/or riveting, more preferably bolting.
After the composite board is obtained, the invention coats the bearing layer of the composite board with the plastering slurry, coats the insulating layer of the composite board with the decorative coating, and respectively obtains the mortar plastering layer and the decorative layer after drying.
In the invention, the decorative coating preferably comprises gypsum and water, and the mass ratio of the gypsum to the water is preferably 1 (0.4-0.5), more preferably 1 (0.4-0.45), and still more preferably 1: 0.43. The present invention does not require any particular manner of mixing the gypsum and water, and may be accomplished in a manner well known to those skilled in the art.
In the invention, the coating amount of the decorative coating is preferably 6000-6500 g/m2More preferably 6200 to 6500g/m2(ii) a Further preferably 6500g/m2(ii) a The means of application preferably comprises brushing or smearing.
In the invention, the plastering slurry is preferably obtained by mixing the raw materials for forming the mortar plastering layer in the technical scheme. In the present invention, the manner of coating preferably includes brushing or smearing. During coating, the invention preferably coats the bearing layer with the plastering mortar, and a bottom layer is obtained after the plastering mortar is dried; then coating surface mortar on the bottom layer, and drying to form a surface layer; the bottom layer and the surface layer jointly form a mortar plastering layer.
In the invention, the thickness of the bottom layer is preferably 7-9 mm, and more preferably 7-8 mm; the thickness of the surface layer is preferably 4-6 mm, and more preferably 5-6 mm. The thickness of the mortar surface layer is the sum of the thickness of the bottom layer and the thickness of the surface layer. The mortar plastering layer is preferably coated on the bearing layer, so that the waterproof performance, the crack resistance and the strength performance of the assembled integrated heat-insulating wall can be improved.
In the present invention, the drying manner of the dried finishing paste or the decorative coating is preferably drying or naturally airing, and more preferably naturally airing. The drying sequence has no special requirements, and after one layer is coated, the other layer of coating is coated and dried again; or the coating can be dried simultaneously after the two layers of coating are coated.
In the invention, the mortar surface layer and the decorative layer are not formed in sequence.
For further illustration of the present invention, the sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board and the assembled integrated insulation wall provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Taking a steel bar with the model number of C80 multiplied by 40 multiplied by 20 multiplied by 2.5 as a raw material, controlling the distance between the adjacent transverse keel and the adjacent vertical keel to be 500mm, and welding to obtain a light steel keel for later use;
mixing sulphoaluminate cement, desulfurized ash, graphite powder and polypropylene fiber according to the dosage shown in the table 1, adding 25 mass percent of hydrogen peroxide solution, polycarboxylate superplasticizer and water into the mixture, uniformly stirring, pouring into a mold, sealing by using a polyethylene film, and maintaining for 14 days at 22 ℃ to obtain the sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board.
And cutting the obtained sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board, and fixing the cut sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board in the light steel keel to obtain the insulation layer.
Welding a steel bar framework by using a steel bar with the model of HPB300 and the diameter of 8mm as a raw material, wherein the distance between adjacent steel bars in the steel bar framework is 200 mm; erecting a mould in the steel bar framework for later use;
crushing stones: sand: cement: desulfurizing slag: the mass ratio of water is 5.32: 4.76: 1.66: 1.66: 1 to obtain concrete slurry, then pouring the concrete slurry into a mould formed by a steel reinforcement framework and a template, and curing for 14 days at 25 ℃ to obtain the reinforced concrete.
Fixing the reinforced concrete and the heat-insulating layer through bolts to obtain a composite board;
mixing gypsum and water according to the mass ratio of 1:0.43, uniformly stirring to obtain a decorative coating, and then coating the decorative coating on the surface of the heat-insulating layer of the composite board, wherein the coating amount is controlled at 6000g/cm2Naturally drying to form a decorative layer;
mixing desulfurized fly ash, sand, cement and water according to the mass ratio of 1:7.8:2.02:1.82 to form a mixture; adding a fiber material with the diameter of 20 mu m and the length of 5mm into the mixture, adding 0.8kg of fiber material per cubic meter of the mixture, uniformly stirring, and finally adding an aqueous emulsion type organosilicon waterproofing agent KB-WP08E produced by Hangzhou Ruijiang New Material technology Limited to obtain finishing slurry; brushing the finishing slurry on the bearing layer of the composite board, wherein the brushing amount is controlled to be 22000g/m2And forming a mortar finishing layer after drying to obtain the assembled integrated heat-insulating wall shown in figure 1, wherein the specific parameters are listed in Table 2.
Examples 2 to 5
Preparing a sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board and an assembled integrated insulation wall according to the method of the embodiment 1, wherein the difference is that the dosage of each component is different, and the specific reference is shown in table 1; wherein the foaming agent in example 3 is sodium a-olefin sulfonate, the water reducing agent is a lignin water reducing agent, the water reducing agent in example 4 is a mixture of the lignin water reducing agent and a polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to a mass ratio of 1:1, and the rest is the same as example 1.
Table 1 examples 1-5 raw material amounts and process parameters of sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board
TABLE 2 thickness parameter (mm) of the assembled integral heat preservation wall structure
| Examples | Decorative layer | Heat insulation layer | Bearing layer | Mortar surface layer | Total thickness of |
| 1 | 15 | 50 | 150 | 13 | 228 |
| 2 | 15 | 45 | 150 | 13 | 223 |
| 3 | 15 | 48 | 150 | 13 | 226 |
| 4 | 15 | 50 | 160 | 13 | 238 |
| 5 | 15 | 45 | 140 | 13 | 213 |
Performance testing and results
The heat-conducting performance of the sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board obtained in the embodiment 1-5 is measured according to GB/T10294-2008 heat-insulating material steady-state thermal resistance and related characteristics;
testing the compression resistance of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board obtained in the embodiment 1-5 according to GB50107-2010 concrete strength test evaluation standard;
testing the sound insulation performance of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board obtained in the embodiment 1-5 according to GB/T19889.3-2005 building sound insulation measurement specification;
the impact resistance of the sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board obtained in the embodiment 1-5 is tested according to the GB 22631-;
the fire resistance of the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board obtained in the embodiment 1-5 is tested according to a GB/T9978.1-2008 building material incombustibility test method, and the test result is shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Performance test results of the sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board obtained in embodiments 1-5
The test results in table 3 show that the sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board provided by the invention has a lower thermal conductivity coefficient, which indicates that the insulation performance of the board is better; in addition, the density of the heat-insulation board is small, which shows that the board has the advantage of light weight and is convenient to transport; the insulation board has larger sound insulation amount and excellent sound insulation performance, and can reduce the indoor noise of a building; the fireproof performance, the impact resistance and the compressive strength are excellent, and the safety performance of the insulation board is further enhanced.
The density of the foam concrete thermal insulation material used at the present stage is generally 200kg/m3Compared with organic building heat-insulating materials, the organic building heat-insulating material has the defects of high density and poor heat-insulating performance, so that the organic building heat-insulating material cannot be effectively replaced on a large scaleThe application is as follows. The invention takes sulphoaluminate cement and desulfurized fly ash as cementing materials to prepare the cement with the density lower than 200kg/m3The foam concrete heat-insulating material (low-density foam concrete heat-insulating material for short) not only reduces the production cost but also improves the durability of the product on the premise of reducing the density of the product and improving the heat-insulating property, and overcomes the defects of poor toughness and easy cracking by adding the polypropylene fiber. The organic building heat-insulating material has the advantages of non-inflammability, aging resistance, stable size and the like, has the advantages of low density and high heat-insulating property of the organic building heat-insulating material, can effectively replace the organic building heat-insulating material, and can be applied to heat insulation of new buildings and energy-saving reconstruction projects of old buildings.
Testing the water vapor transmission wet flow density of the assembled integrated heat preservation wall according to the GB/T17146-2015 standard specification;
testing the environmental protection performance of the assembled integrated heat-insulating wall according to GB/T35605-2017;
detecting the solid waste adding amount in the assembly type integrated wall according to the regulation of GB/T32989-2016;
the frost resistance is represented by the maximum number of freeze-thaw cycles that can be borne by a slow cooling method, wherein the repeated freeze-thaw cycles are tested, and the maximum number of freeze-thaw cycles can simultaneously meet the requirements that the strength loss rate is not more than 25% and the quality loss rate is not more than 5%. The test results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 Performance test results of fabricated integrated thermal insulation walls obtained in examples 1 to 5
According to the test results in the table 4, the doping amount of the solid waste in the fabricated integrated heat-insulating wall provided by the invention reaches 44%, so that the utilization rate of the waste is improved; the wall body can be recycled, so that the floor area and the treatment cost of the construction waste are reduced; and the heat-insulating wall has excellent frost resistance, softening coefficient and water-proof device penetration flow density, which shows that the wall has good water resistance.
According to the embodiment, the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board provided by the invention has excellent performances of high strength and high temperature resistance, and the sulphoaluminate cement is made into a light foaming material, so that closed pores are formed in the board, and the integral insulation performance of the board can be improved. The sulphoaluminate cement is used as a raw material, so that the heat preservation, heat insulation and sound insulation performance of the material can be improved, and the cost of the building heat preservation material can be reduced.
When the assembled integrated heat-insulating wall is prepared, the desulfurization ash, the desulfurization slag and the desulfurization gypsum are used, so that the comprehensive utilization of solid wastes is realized while the performance of the wall is ensured.
The invention combines the decorative layer, the heat-insulating layer, the bearing layer and the mortar plastering layer together to form the assembled integrated heat-insulating wall, so that the function of each layer can be fully exerted, the integral comprehensive performance of the wall is more excellent, the compressive strength, the heat-insulating capability and the noise-insulating capability of the wall are improved, and the safety, the confidentiality, the heat-insulating capability and the comfort of a building are comprehensively improved. In addition, the wall body is prepared into the assembled integrated wall body, so that the production of building materials is intensified, the labor production efficiency is effectively improved, the environmental pollution is avoided, and the defects of large noise, much dust, much construction waste, serious environmental pollution and the like of the traditional cast-in-place construction operation are overcome.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 69-81 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 23-27 parts of desulfurized ash, 3.7-7.2 parts of foaming agent, 0.6-1.4 parts of water reducing agent, 0.5-1.4 parts of graphite powder, 0.1-0.3 part of polypropylene fiber and 40-49 parts of water.
2. The sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board of claim 1, wherein the foaming agent comprises hydrogen peroxide or sodium a-olefin based sulfonate.
3. The sulphoaluminate cement foam insulation board of claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent comprises a lignin-based water reducing agent or a polycarboxylate-based superplasticizer.
4. A method for preparing a sulphoaluminate cement foamed insulation board according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
(1) mixing sulphoaluminate cement, desulfurized fly ash, graphite powder and polypropylene fiber to obtain an admixture;
(2) mixing a foaming agent and a water reducing agent with the admixture in the step (1), and then adding water to obtain a casting material;
(3) and (3) sequentially pouring and maintaining the pouring material obtained in the step (2) to obtain the sulphoaluminate cement foaming insulation board.
5. The production method according to claim 4, wherein the curing in the step (3) is an ambient curing;
the temperature of the normal-temperature curing is 20-25 ℃, and the time of the normal-temperature curing is 10-14 d.
6. An assembled integrated heat-insulating wall comprises a decorative layer, a heat-insulating layer, a bearing layer and a mortar plastering layer which are sequentially connected in a laminated manner;
the heat insulation layer comprises a heat insulation plate and a steel keel for fixing the heat insulation plate; the thermal insulation board is the sulphoaluminate cement foaming thermal insulation board disclosed by any one of claims 1-3 or the sulphoaluminate cement foaming thermal insulation board prepared by the preparation method disclosed by claim 4 or 5.
7. The fabricated integrated heat-insulating wall as claimed in claim 6, wherein the thickness ratio of the bearing layer to the heat-insulating layer is (3.0-3.5): 1.
8. the fabricated integrated thermal insulation wall according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the connection manner of the thermal insulation layer and the bearing layer comprises bolting and/or riveting.
9. The fabricated integrated thermal insulation wall of claim 6, wherein the connection means of the thermal insulation layer and the decorative layer comprises bonding; the connection mode of bearing layer and mortar plastering layer includes bonding.
10. The preparation method of the fabricated integrated heat preservation wall of any one of claims 6 to 9, comprising the following steps:
providing reinforced concrete as a bearing layer;
providing a steel keel, and fixing the heat insulation board in a space formed by the steel keel to obtain a heat insulation layer;
fixedly connecting the bearing layer with the heat-insulating layer to obtain a composite board;
coating a plastering slurry on the bearing layer of the composite board, coating a decorative coating on the heat-insulating layer of the composite board, and drying to respectively obtain a mortar plastering layer and a decorative layer; after a mortar plastering layer and a decorative layer are formed, an assembled integrated heat-insulating wall is obtained;
the mortar surface layer and the decorative layer are formed in no order.
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| CN101838130A (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2010-09-22 | 福建龙净环保股份有限公司 | Thermal-insulating block and manufacturing process thereof |
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| CN109467372A (en) | 2019-03-15 |
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