CN109466331B

CN109466331B - Vehicle-mounted high-voltage discharge and cover opening protection circuit system and method and electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN109466331B
Application number: CN201811456899.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈金龙
Original assignee: Guangzhou Xiaopeng Motors Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Xiaopeng Motors Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-30
Filing date: 2018-11-30
Publication date: 2020-12-22
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-30
Also published as: CN109466331A

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to a vehicle-mounted high-voltage discharging and cover opening protection circuit system, a method thereof and an electric vehicle. The circuit system includes: a power source; a high voltage load module connected with the power source through a first control circuit and forming a load loop based on control of the first control circuit according to a vehicle operation mode; and the cover opening protection module is connected with the high-voltage load module in parallel and is coupled with the high-voltage component box cover, and the cover opening protection module forms a cover opening protection loop based on the control of the first control circuit so as to control whether the high-voltage component box cover can be opened or not. The uncovering protection module can further comprise a second control circuit which is controlled by the first control circuit in a combined mode to form an uncovering protection loop. According to the high-voltage discharging and cover opening protection circuit system, the cover opening protection mechanism is driven by the discharging energy, the linkage effect that the cover opening can be carried out when the vehicle is powered off is achieved, and meanwhile, the high-voltage electricity safety is protected under various vehicle operation conditions.

Description

Vehicle-mounted high-voltage discharge and cover opening protection circuit system and method and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of electric vehicles in general, in particular to a high-voltage discharging and cover opening protection circuit system and method and an electric vehicle.

Background

High voltage electrical safety of electric vehicles has been a major concern. For the power-off protection of the whole vehicle, on one hand, the release of the voltage of a high-voltage main loop or the stored energy of a circuit is realized by mainly adopting a bleeder circuit at present, and on the other hand, the cover-opening protection function is adopted, namely, the disassembly and maintenance of a protective cover are carried out on a high-voltage device on the premise of the high-voltage safe power-off of the whole vehicle. The power-off protection in both aspects has various disadvantages, for example, the high-voltage discharge circuit cannot rapidly or completely release energy, and the discharged energy is directly wasted; the uncovering protection function has failure risk in the case of abnormal power failure, and shielding treatment is needed in special operation conditions such as high-voltage uncovering test. These are potentially harmful to the use of electric vehicles.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a high-voltage release and cover-opening protection circuit system, a method thereof, and an electric vehicle, which effectively solve the above defects in the prior art.

In a first aspect of the invention, a vehicle mounted high voltage bleed and decap protection circuitry is provided. The circuit system includes: a power source; a high voltage load module connected with the power source through a first control circuit and forming a load loop based on control of the first control circuit according to a vehicle operation mode; and the cover opening protection module is connected with the high-voltage load module in parallel and is coupled with the high-voltage component box cover, and the cover opening protection module forms a cover opening protection loop based on the control of the first control circuit so as to control whether the high-voltage component box cover can be opened or not.

In some embodiments, the decap protection module further comprises a second control circuit that is controlled in conjunction with the first control circuit to form an decap protection loop.

In certain embodiments, the circuitry further includes a main control module that provides first and second control signals to control the first and second control circuits, respectively, according to the vehicle operating mode.

In some embodiments, the door protection module includes a series connection of a dissipative element and a solenoid coil and a core wound by the solenoid coil and positioned to mate with an armature positioned inside the lid of the high voltage component.

In certain embodiments, the load circuit further comprises a capacitor in parallel with the high voltage load module, and the high voltage load module comprises a motor controller and a drive motor controlled by the motor controller.

In certain embodiments, the first control circuit comprises a first relay and the second control circuit comprises a second relay.

In some embodiments, the main control module includes a vehicle control unit, the vehicle control unit includes a CAN high data line interface and a CAN low data line interface, the vehicle operation information is obtained through the CAN high data line interface and the CAN low data line interface, and the vehicle operation mode is determined according to the vehicle operation information.

In some embodiments, when the vehicle operation mode is normal power-on of the vehicle, the main control module controls the first relay and the second relay to be closed, so that the load circuit and the uncovering protection circuit are conducted, and the high-voltage component box cover cannot be uncovered; when the vehicle operation mode is that the vehicle normally powers down, the main control circuit controls the first relay to be disconnected and the second relay to be closed, so that the uncovering protection circuit is conducted, high voltage is discharged to the uncovering protection module, and the high-voltage component box cover can not be uncovered within a duration.

In some embodiments, when the vehicle operation mode is diagnosis during vehicle power-on or vehicle power-on and the vehicle gear is in a non-stop gear, the main control module controls the first relay to be closed and the second relay to be opened, so that the cover opening protection circuit is opened, and the high-voltage component box cover can be uncovered; when the vehicle operation mode is a power-off fault, the main control module controls the second relay to be closed, so that the cover opening protection circuit is conducted, and the high-voltage component box cover can not be uncovered.

In a second aspect of the invention, a method for high voltage bleed off and decap protection using the circuitry described in the first aspect of the invention is provided. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring vehicle operation information; and controlling the on-off of the load loop and the uncovering protection loop based on the vehicle operation information.

In a third aspect of the invention, an electric vehicle is provided comprising the circuitry described according to the first aspect of the invention.

According to the vehicle-mounted high-voltage discharging and cover opening protection scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, electric energy is fully and effectively utilized, the cover opening protection mechanism is driven by the discharged energy, the linkage effect that the cover can be opened when the vehicle is powered off is achieved, meanwhile, the high-voltage device is prevented from being detached under the abnormal condition of power off, the high-voltage electricity utilization safety is protected, and the test operation can be facilitated under special conditions.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of high voltage bleed and decap protection circuitry according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of high voltage bleed and decap protection circuitry according to another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of a main control section according to one embodiment of the present invention; and

fig. 4 shows a flow diagram of a method of performing high pressure venting and decap protection according to one embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the drawings and the following examples.

As used herein, the term "include" and its various variants are to be understood as open-ended terms, which mean "including, but not limited to. The term "based on" may be understood as "based at least in part on". The term "one embodiment" may be understood as "at least one embodiment". The term "another embodiment" may be understood as "at least one other embodiment".

Embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As described above, embodiments of the present invention provide a vehicle-mounted high-voltage discharging and cover opening protection circuit system, which effectively improves high-voltage electricity utilization safety of an electric vehicle and is applicable to various normal or abnormal operating conditions.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of high voltage bleed and decap protection circuitry 100 according to one embodiment of the invention. As shown, the circuit system 100 includes a power source 101 and a high voltage load module 102, the power source 101 may be an electric vehicle high voltage battery providing high voltage electricity for an electric vehicle, and the high voltage load module 102 may include various vehicle high voltage electrical components requiring high voltage electricity supply. The high voltage load module 102 is connected to the power source 101 through the first control circuit 103(S1), and the first control circuit 103 may control the high voltage load module 102 to form a load circuit with the power source 101 according to the vehicle operation mode.

Since the vehicle high-voltage electrical components usually include a capacitive device, even after the entire vehicle is powered down, i.e., the first control circuit 103 disconnects the load circuit, the high-voltage load module 102 still has residual power. According to the embodiment of the invention, the high-voltage load power supply is adopted to be linked with the uncovering protection of the protective cover of the high-voltage electrical component in consideration of the effective utilization of electric energy.

In this embodiment, the circuit system 100 further includes an open-cover protection module 104 connected in parallel with the high-voltage load module 102 through points a and b. Meanwhile, the open cover protection module 104 is coupled with a high-voltage component box cover (not shown) for protecting the high-voltage electrical components contained therein. The open-cover protection module 104 may form an open-cover protection loop based on the control of the first control circuit 103 to control whether the high-voltage component box cover can be uncovered.

In another embodiment, the decap protection module 104 further comprises a second control circuit, which is controlled in conjunction with the first control circuit 103 to form the decap protection loop described above. In such an embodiment, the second control circuit also functionally implements separate control of whether the decap protection module 104 forms a high-pressure bleed circuit to the load circuit.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of high-voltage bleed and decap protection circuitry 200 according to another embodiment of the invention. In the present embodiment, the high voltage load module 102 includes a motor controller 201 and a driving motor 202 as a high voltage load of the power source 101. The first control circuit 103 can turn on or off a load circuit, and when the load circuit is turned on, the motor controller 201 converts electric energy supplied from the power battery 101 into three-phase alternating current power to be supplied to the drive motor 202 to provide driving force of the electric vehicle. The circuit system 200 may further include a capacitor 201, which blocks the direct current and has a function of filtering, etc.

In the present embodiment, a specific manner of coupling the lid opening protection module 104 and the high-voltage component lid 204 is shown. The high-voltage component box cover 204 is used to protect high-voltage electrical components (devices not specifically shown) housed in the high-voltage component box 205, and is provided at its inner side surface with a component that is contact-coupled to the lid opening protection module 104. Here, the high-voltage electrical components may include all electrical appliances of the vehicle using high-voltage electricity of the electric vehicle which need to be subjected to cover opening protection, and the cover opening protection of the high-voltage devices may exist in a series connection manner in a cover opening protection loop.

In one embodiment, the opening of the cover of the high-voltage device is protected by controlling the existence or nonexistence of electromagnetic attraction by adopting the on or off of the current of the electromagnet. In this embodiment, the inside surface of the high-voltage component case cover 204 is provided with an armature 206, the cover-opening protection circuit portion includes a solenoid coil 207 and an iron core 208, and one end of the iron core 208 is disposed opposite to the armature 206. In this manner, a contact at one end of the core 208 may be electromagnetically held in magnetic contact with a contact of the armature 206.

The open cover protection module 104 further includes a second control circuit 209(S2) connected in series in the open cover protection circuit, which controls whether the high-voltage component cover 204 is detachable according to the vehicle operation mode. The open-cover protection module 104 may further include a voltage divider resistor 210, and the magnitude of the resistance value may be determined according to the actual application. Alternatively, the voltage dividing resistor 210 may be implemented as a plurality of sets of resistors connected in series and parallel to achieve the voltage dividing/current limiting function.

It is understood that the decap protection circuit in this embodiment is utilized, but other separate decap protection mechanisms are possible. In other words, the current of the cover opening protection circuit is only used as a trigger signal, and after the discharge is completed, the opening operation of the independent cover opening protection mechanism of the vehicle is triggered.

In one embodiment, the first control circuit 103 and the second control circuit 209 may include respective relay or switch components. Alternatively, the first control circuit 103 may include a plurality of parallel-connected relay strings, each functioning to disconnect the high-voltage battery 101 from each high-voltage load terminal. The second control circuit 209 may comprise a controllable switch, such as a transistor or the like.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the main control module is adopted to control the on-off of the load loop and the uncovering protection loop according to the vehicle operation mode. Fig. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of a main control section 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, in the present embodiment, the main Control portion is implemented by a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU), which controls the high-voltage circuit portion and the uncovering protection circuit portion of the circuit system 200 by controlling the first Control circuit 103 and the second Control circuit 209, respectively. In other words, the first control circuit 103 and the second control circuit 209 are controlled by the entire vehicle control unit. According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the first control circuit 103 and the second control circuit 209 are implemented as relays or switches, the S1 switch is in a normally open state and the S2 switch is in a normally closed state.

The vehicle control unit also obtains vehicle operation information from a Controller Area Network (CAN) high-order data line (CAN _ H) interface and a CAN low-order data line (CAN _ L) interface by including the CAN high-order data line and the CAN low-order data line, and determines a vehicle operation mode according to the vehicle operation information. The whole vehicle control unit CAN receive vehicle gear information and information indicating whether the vehicle enters a diagnosis mode or not through CAN communication.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the working modes of the high-voltage leakage and uncovering protection circuit system can at least comprise three modes, namely a normal mode, a fault mode and a diagnosis mode.

Normal mode

The normal mode is that the vehicle is normally powered up and down. In one embodiment, when the vehicle enters the power-on process, the vehicle control unit controls the switch S1 and the switch S2 to be kept normally closed, the high-voltage load circuit and the cover opening protection circuit are both conducted, the electromagnetic coil 207 is energized, the contact at one end of the iron core 208 is kept in magnetic contact with the armature 206 contact of the high-voltage component box cover 204, the release and cover opening protection system is effective, and the high-voltage component box cover 204 cannot be opened. When the vehicle operation information received by the whole vehicle control unit indicates that the vehicle gear is in the non-P gear condition, the whole vehicle control unit controls the switch S2 to be switched off, the vehicle is in a driving state at the moment, and the release and cover opening protection system fails.

When the vehicle enters a lower current range, the whole vehicle control unit control switch S1 is switched off, the high-voltage load circuit is switched off, at the moment, if the vehicle is in a non-P gear, the whole vehicle control unit controls S2 to be closed, the cover opening protection circuit is switched on, the releasing and cover opening protection system is effective, the high-voltage component box cover 204 cannot be opened, and the vehicle performs high-voltage releasing. When the energy consumption of the leakage loop is finished or the energy consumption reaches a safe value, the magnetic force between the contact at one end of the iron core 208 and the contact of the armature 206 of the high-voltage component box cover 204 disappears, and at the moment, the complete vehicle is safely powered off, and the cover dismounting operation can be executed.

Failure mode

The failure mode is that the current range is abnormal under the normal condition of the vehicle, and S1 can not be disconnected. At this time, if the vehicle enters a lower current range, the vehicle control unit control switch S2 is closed, the cover opening protection circuit is turned on, the electromagnetic coil 207 is energized, the contact at one end of the iron core 208 is in magnetic contact with the armature 206 contact of the high-voltage component box cover 204, and the high-voltage component box cover 204 cannot be opened. Thus, in the vehicle failure mode, the lid removal operation cannot be performed.

Diagnostic mode

The diagnostic mode is a condition requiring the vehicle to be uncapped under high pressure, which is often performed by a professional tester. When the vehicle control unit receives a signal that the vehicle enters a diagnosis mode, the vehicle does not have high voltage, the switch S1 is kept closed, the high-voltage load loop keeps high voltage, meanwhile, the vehicle control unit controls the switch S2 to be disconnected, the uncovering protection loop is disconnected, the electromagnetic coil 207 is not electrified, and the contact at one end of the iron core 208 is in non-magnetic contact with the armature 206 contact of the high-voltage component box cover 204. At this time, the cover removing operation can be performed to meet the test requirements under special conditions.

Fig. 4 illustrates a flow diagram of a method 400 of performing high pressure bleed and decap protection according to one embodiment of the invention, where the method 400 may be implemented at any suitable processing component of a vehicle, such as an on-board vehicle control unit.

At 405, vehicle operation information is acquired. In one embodiment, the vehicle control unit acquires operation information of the vehicle through the CAN network, receives vehicle gear information, vehicle power on/off information, information indicating whether the vehicle enters a diagnosis mode, and the like. At 410, it is determined whether a power-on message is received for the entire vehicle. If the vehicle power-on information is received, S1 and S2 are controlled to be closed at 415. At this time, the release and cover-opening protection system is effective, and the high-voltage component box cover 204 cannot be opened.

At 420, it is determined whether a command for a diagnostic mode has been received. If the vehicle is currently in the diagnostic mode, i.e., the vehicle needs diagnostic service with power up, then control S1 remains closed and control S2 is opened 425. On the other hand, if the diagnostic mode command has not been received, at 430, it is determined whether the vehicle gear information indicates a non-P gear. When the vehicle operation information received by the whole vehicle control unit indicates that the vehicle gear is in the non-P gear condition, at 435, the whole vehicle control unit controls S1 to be kept closed and controls S2 to be disconnected, and at the moment, the vehicle is in a driving state, so that the cover opening protection can be disabled, and energy can be saved.

When the entire vehicle power-off message is received at 440, control S2 is closed at 445 so that the bleed and open protection system is active and the high-voltage component box cover 204 cannot be opened. At this time, S2 is kept closed regardless of whether normal power down or power down fails. When the power is normally turned off, the high-voltage component box cover 204 cannot be opened, the vehicle carries out high-voltage discharge, the whole vehicle can execute the cover-dismounting operation after the energy consumption of the discharge loop is finished or the safety value is reached and the safety power failure of the whole vehicle is finished. When power fails, the cover opening protection circuit is kept on, and the high-voltage component cover 204 cannot be opened.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide an electric vehicle, which includes the high-voltage leakage and cover opening protection circuit system described above.

By the high-pressure active discharge and cover opening protection system, the linkage effect of the high-pressure discharge function and the cover opening protection function is realized, namely the cover opening protection is realized in the high-pressure discharge process, and the detachable cover is realized after the high-pressure discharge is completed. The electric energy is fully and effectively utilized, the high-voltage leakage current is used for maintaining the driving current of the cover opening protection device, and the energy is recycled. Meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention is suitable for all high-voltage devices needing uncovering protection on the direct current side except the high-voltage power battery. In addition, the embodiment of the invention also realizes the purpose of preventing the high-voltage device from being disassembled under the abnormal power failure condition, protecting the high-voltage power utilization safety and realizing convenient test operation under special conditions.

Those of skill in the art will understand that the logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be viewed as implementing logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an on-vehicle high pressure is released and is uncapped protection circuit system which characterized in that includes:

a power source;

a high voltage load module connected with the power source through a first control circuit and forming a load loop based on control of the first control circuit according to a vehicle operation mode;

the cover opening protection module is connected with the high-voltage load module in parallel and coupled with the high-voltage component box cover, the cover opening protection module comprises a second control circuit, and the cover opening protection module is controlled to form a cover opening protection loop based on the first control circuit and the second control circuit in a combined mode so as to control whether the high-voltage component box cover can be opened or not; and

a main control module providing first and second control signals to control the first and second control circuits, respectively, according to a vehicle operating mode,

wherein the first control circuit comprises a first relay and the second control circuit comprises a second relay,

when the vehicle operation mode is normal power-on of the vehicle, the main control module controls the first relay and the second relay to be closed, so that the load circuit and the uncovering protection circuit are conducted, and the cover of the high-voltage component box cannot be uncovered; when the vehicle operation mode is that the vehicle is normally powered off, the main control circuit controls the first relay to be opened and the second relay to be closed, so that the cover opening protection circuit is conducted, high voltage is discharged to the cover opening protection module, and the high-voltage component box cover can not be uncovered within a duration; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

when the vehicle operation mode is diagnosis in vehicle power-on or the vehicle is powered on and the vehicle gear is in a non-stop gear, the main control module controls the first relay to be closed and the second relay to be opened, so that the uncovering protection circuit is opened, and the high-voltage component box cover can be uncovered; when the vehicle operation mode is a power-off fault, the main control module controls the second relay to be closed, so that the uncovering protection circuit is conducted, and the high-voltage component box cover cannot be uncovered.

2. The circuit system of claim 1, wherein the door protection module comprises a series connection of a dissipative element and an electromagnetic coil and a core wound by the electromagnetic coil, the core being disposed in cooperation with an armature disposed inside the high voltage component box cover.

3. The circuit system of claim 2, wherein the load loop further comprises a capacitor in parallel with the high voltage load module, and the high voltage load module comprises a motor controller and a drive motor controlled by the motor controller.

4. The circuit system of claim 1, wherein the master control module comprises a vehicle control unit including a CAN high data line interface and a CAN low data line interface through which vehicle operation information is obtained and the vehicle operation mode is determined based on the vehicle operation information.

5. A method of high pressure bleed and decap protection using the circuitry of any one of claims 1-4, comprising:

acquiring vehicle operation information; and

and controlling the on-off of the load loop and the uncovering protection loop based on the vehicle operation information.

6. An electric vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a circuit system according to any one of claims 1-4.