CN109465209A - A kind of power battery stepped utilization method based on photovoltaic base station - Google Patents
A kind of power battery stepped utilization method based on photovoltaic base station Download PDFInfo
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- CN109465209A CN109465209A CN201811243780.7A CN201811243780A CN109465209A CN 109465209 A CN109465209 A CN 109465209A CN 201811243780 A CN201811243780 A CN 201811243780A CN 109465209 A CN109465209 A CN 109465209A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/344—Sorting according to other particular properties according to electric or electromagnetic properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of power battery stepped utilization methods based on photovoltaic base station, it include: to be screened to discarded power battery by battery sharing manager, different model, capacity, new and old battery are grouped, and the battery that allowance for depreciation is more than threshold value is rejected, discarded power battery is screened by battery sharing manager, different model, capacity, new and old battery are grouped, is screened by big data and rejects undesirable battery.Storage lead-acid battery is gradually substituted using step battery, realizes that resource makes full use of, is phased out lead-acid battery, avoids the wasting of resources.Battery of the present invention can guarantee the parameter request that step battery utilizes using process, and effectively prevent the waste and destruction to battery, and screening technique is precisely efficient, ensure that the safety and reliability that step battery utilizes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mobile communication battery technology fields, and in particular to is related to a kind of power battery based on photovoltaic base station
Stepped utilization method.
Background technique
Step battery performance indexes is better than lead-acid battery, fully meets base station applies.Step battery is compared to plumbic acid electricity
Pond cycle life, energy density, in terms of have a some superiority, performance indexes is better than lead-acid battery.Ladder
Grade battery fully meets the various operating conditions of existing net technically for electricity demanding, and different cycle life step batteries are suitable for different application
Scene, economic benefit are obvious.
At present there are mainly three types of step battery applications methods: battery core grade reorganization scheme, mould group grade reorganization scheme and PACK envelope
Fill application scheme, the core of step battery applications be to need the external characteristics parameter according to battery, to the performance of battery into
Row judgement simultaneously sorts, and in this, as the foundation of battery group.And for the power battery of cascade utilization, due to its security performance
With the decline of chemical property, therefore before use, need to assess its health status and safety.
In the prior art with the utilization method of some pairs of step batteries, there are some technical problems, examples for existing method
Such as the technical solution of patent No. CN102396099, the utilization to step battery is using to waste and old lead acid power battery cathode
The recycling of plate, recovery process is complicated, and cost recovery is high；Such as existing technical solution, power battery reuse step
It is identified including (1) appearance, the analysis of (2) performance characteristics, (3) microstructure change, its advantage is that nondestructiving detecting means can be passed through
Cascade utilization power battery is screened with method, but disadvantage is that, screening step is too simple, classification method
Coarse, it is lower that matching rate is recycled in the power battery after screening.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is desirable to provide a kind of power battery stepped utilization method, to judge power battery
Performance realizes the sorting of cascade utilization power battery.This method mainly uses non-destructive testing side by improved method and step
Formula is not necessarily to complicated technology, and cost recovery is more at a low price；Secondly step elevator of the invention is using method in existing screening step
In improve, increase battery is grouped and carries out complementary energy test, and design step battery utilize device be used for dispose match
Well-graded battery is set, so that entire power battery obtains most efficiently recycling.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the power battery stepped utilization methods based on photovoltaic base station, including with
Lower step:
Step 1: discarded power battery is screened by big data and rejects undesirable battery, it will be remaining dynamic
Power battery is grouped according to electricity range or PCM phase-change material (PCM-Phase Change Material) quality；
Step 2: complementary energy test: the power battery after step 1 grouping being subjected to complementary energy test respectively, and judges discharge capacity
Whether meet preset complementary energy requirement, that is, judges whether battery allowance reaches preset standard, will not reach the electricity of preset standard
Pond is rejected, and enters step 3；
Step 3: the power battery for meeting complementary energy requirement being subjected to performance specificity analysis, performance characteristics analysis includes history
Operating parameter analysis and basic parameter analysis of experiments, reject ineligible power battery；
Step 4: by step 3 analysis after power battery carry out internal structure scanning, scanning mode by nuclear magnetic resonance at
(industry CT (industrial computerized tomography) refers to the nuclear imaging being applied in industry for picture or industry CT
Technology), and scanning result is analyzed, judge whether internal structure deformation quantity exceeds threshold value, will exceed the power electric of threshold value
Pond is rejected, and enters step 5；
Step 5: by power battery that step 4 obtains according to the different classes of different spaces for being placed in step battery and utilizing device
It is interior.
In step 1, described pair of discarded power battery is screened by big data and rejects undesirable battery specifically
It include: to obtain the image of power battery using video camera and enter to carry out big data operation in computer, by the power battery
Appearance carries out big data screening, appearance deformation, crackle, leakage, dry tack free, wound, misaligned, connector are broken,
Damaged, burn into pollutes, the power battery of blurring rejects (bibliography: GB/T 31484-2015 power for electric vehicle
Battery cycle life requires and test method, the electronic vehicle lithium ion storage of QC/T 743-2006, GB/T 31485-
2015 power accumulator safety requirements for electric vehicle and test method, the electronic vehicle lithium ion storage of QC/T 743-2006,
GB/T 31486-2015 power accumulator requirement on electric performance for electric vehicle and test method, QC/T 743-2006 are electronic automobile-used
Lithium-ions battery), and remaining power battery is divided into mini standards power battery, plug-in power battery and two-phase and is become
Mobilization force battery.
The mini standards power battery is that electricity L range is 2kWh≤L < 500kWh, output power and input power
W range is the power battery of 0.6kW≤W < 300kW；
Plug-in power battery is that electricity L range is 500kWh≤L < 2000kWh, output power and input power range
For the power battery of 300kW≤W < kW；
Two-phase unsteady flow power battery is the Ni-MH power cell for having phase change material PCM cooling, screening criteria are as follows: screening
Out PCM mass range 2~45g two-phase unsteady flow power battery
Two-phase unsteady flow power battery is calculated by following formula to be maintained between 26 DEG C -48 DEG C of normal working temperature
PCM mass, to filter out the two-phase unsteady flow power battery in PCM mass range in 2~45g:
In formula, QdisFor the heat that battery is released, unit J；MpcmFor the quality of PCM, unit kg；CPFor PCM's
Specific heat capacity, unit are J × Kg-1×K-1；Tm、TiThe respectively initial temperature of the melting temperature of PCM and PCM, unit are DEG C；H
For the latent heat of phase change of PCM, unit is J/kg or J/g.
In step 2, for mini standards power battery, complementary energy calculation method are as follows: by mini standards power battery
It charges, by the power battery after charging at 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C with 1I5The current discharge of (unit A), until cell voltage reaches
Stop discharging when final discharging voltage and records discharge time, I5Refer to power battery 5h rate discharge current value；Use 1I5Electric current
Value and discharge time data calculate discharge capacity, judge whether discharge capacity meets preset surplus requirement, that is, judge the electric discharge
Whether capacity C meets C >=100AH, if so, being determined as that the discharge capacity meets preset surplus requirement, enters step 3；It is no
Then, if discharge capacity C < 100AH, judge that the power battery surplus is undesirable, and it is undesirable to reject surplus
Power battery；
For plug-in power battery, complementary energy calculation method are as follows: carried out on charge-discharge machine to plug-in power battery
It is charged and discharged test, when plug-in power battery is in charged state, the capacity of the power battery after the Δ t time
Changing value is Δ C=Kc× I × Δ t, wherein I is the charging current value for flowing through plug-in power battery, in the range of 2A≤I≤
20A, KcFor modified index, in the range of 0.9≤Kc≤ 1.1, the residual capacity C of power battery time t momentt=C0+ Δ C, C0
For initial capacity；
When plug-in power battery is in discharge condition, the changing value of the capacity of the power battery after the Δ t time
For Δ C2=Kd× I × Δ t, the residual capacity C of power battery time t momentt2=C0-ΔC2IfThen sentence
It is set to the power battery surplus and meets preset surplus requirement, enters step 3；Otherwise, then judge that the power battery surplus is not inconsistent
It closes and requires, and reject the undesirable power battery of surplus；
For two-phase unsteady flow power battery, complementary energy calculation method are as follows: measurement initial time t0In initial cell voltage V0
With initial cells temperature T0, at interval of Δ tiSecond (generally 1-5s) measures cell voltage ViWith battery temperature Ti, SOCiTo be spaced i
A Δ tiThe residual capacity of battery after secondIf SOCi>=50AH, then be determined as
The discharge capacity meets preset surplus requirement, enters step 3；Otherwise judge that the power battery surplus is undesirable, and pick
Except the undesirable power battery of surplus, Vi-1Indicate (i-1)-th Δ tiThe voltage of second.
Step 3 includes:
When analysis of history operating parameter, it is unsatisfactory for the power battery of following any condition, is directly rejected:
It charges under conditions of 1.5-2.0 multiplying power, until voltage reaches number≤10 time of 5.5-6.0V；
It discharges under conditions of 1.5-2.0 multiplying power, until voltage reaches number≤10 time of 2.0-3.0V；
Number of run≤10 time under 60-100 DEG C of high temperature；
Lifespan is less than 10 years；
Battery room temperature 5h rate discharge capacity is greater than the 80% of standard value；
The basic parameter analysis of experiments includes testing and recording the parameter of battery, and the parameter of battery includes: voltage, interior
Resistance, capacity, high temperature performance and retention of charge, room temperature are 25 DEG C ± 3 DEG C, and high temperature is 55 DEG C ± 3 DEG C, and low temperature is -25 DEG C
± 3 DEG C, when analysis basic parameter test, first carry out voltage detecting: if detected value is zero or lower than discharge cut-off voltage,
Directly reject the power battery；Final discharging voltage be enterprise technology condition as defined in final discharging voltage, range 2-5V, such as
Fruit is unsatisfactory for, then directly rejects the power battery；
Then it carries out inner walkway: for the battery of voltage tester qualification, surveying its internal resistance, if internal resistance, which increases, is greater than initial value
1.8 times, then directly reject；
For the power battery of inner walkway qualification, if being unsatisfactory for following either condition, directly reject:
Under the conditions of 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of room temperature, 0.3 multiplying power discharge capacity is greater than the 70% of rated value；
Under the conditions of 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of room temperature, 0.5 multiplying power discharge capacity is greater than the 65% of rated value；
Under the conditions of -20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of low temperature, 0.3 multiplying power discharge capacity >=room temperature actual capacity 80%；
Under the conditions of 60 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of high temperature, 0.3 multiplying power discharge capacity >=room temperature actual capacity 60%；
Under the conditions of 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of room temperature, charge maintenance capability >=rated value 85% of power battery, 60 DEG C ± 5 of high temperature
Under the conditions of DEG C and under the conditions of ± 5 DEG C of -20 DEG C of low temperature, charge maintenance capability >=rated value 65% of power battery.
In step 4, internal structure non-destructive testing is carried out to the battery that step 4 screens using industry CT, is formed three-dimensional
Imaging, if detection discovery inside battery rejects the battery there are pole piece protrusion phenomenon, and total using Li nuclear-magnetism to remaining power
Vibration imager carries out non-destructive testing the Carbon anode of battery, if lithium fiber content >=10% present on the Carbon anode, determines
The power battery is unqualified battery, rejects the power battery.
In step 5, step battery includes user demand measuring and calculating unit, trace to the source label and charge calculation unit using device,
The user demand measuring and calculating unit is according to measuring and calculating user demand with service agreement, and the label of tracing to the source is each power battery
Tracking of tracing to the source is carried out, and the information that will trace to the source in real time sends back step battery using device, the charge calculation unit is according to power
The electricity charge information of battery is settled accounts and is recorded.
Photovoltaic base station includes off-network type photovoltaic base station and parallel networking type photovoltaic base station, wherein off-network type photovoltaic base station is by light
Component, ordinary inverter and integrated controller composition are lied prostrate, the integrated controller is connect with step battery using device.
It is different from the prior art, above-mentioned technical proposal has the advantages that
The present invention precisely matches the power battery stepped utilization method based on photovoltaic base station of sophisticated design, benefit by one
With method by improved method and step, non-destructive testing mode is mainly used, is not necessarily to complicated technology, cost recovery is more at a low price；
Secondly step elevator of the invention is improved in existing screening step using method, and increase, which is grouped battery, goes forward side by side
The test of row complementary energy, and design step battery utilize device for dispose the well-graded battery of configuration so that entirely power battery obtains
It is recycled to most efficient.
Power battery is carried out classified packets first by the present invention, and more than being carried out in different ways according to different groups
Amount detection, had both improved surplus detection efficiency, in turn ensures the accuracy of surplus detection, avoids algorithm of the same race to different type
The excessive disadvantage of the not applicable caused error of power battery.Surplus detection algorithm precision of the invention is high, high-efficient, can
At most optimal power battery is retained, and guarantees the stability and compatibility of cascade utilization.
Battery can guarantee the parameter request that step battery utilizes using process, and effectively prevent the waste to battery
And it destroys.It ensure that the safety and reliability that step battery utilizes.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is done with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description and is further illustrated, it is of the invention above-mentioned or
Otherwise advantage will become apparent.
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The power battery stepped utilization method based on photovoltaic base station is present embodiments provided, passes through improved side using method
Method step mainly uses non-destructive testing mode, is not necessarily to complicated technology, cost recovery is more at a low price；Secondly step of the invention electricity
Ladder is improved in existing screening step using method, and increase is grouped battery and carries out complementary energy test, and designs
Step battery utilize device for dispose configure well-graded battery so that entirely power battery obtains most efficiently recycling.
As shown in Figure 1, the power battery stepped utilization method based on photovoltaic base station of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: discarded power battery is screened by big data and rejects undesirable battery, it will be remaining dynamic
Power battery is grouped according to electricity range or PCM mass.
Undesirable battery described in the present embodiment includes appearance deformation, crackle, leakage, dry tack free, wound, row
Arrange irregular, connector fracture, damaged, burn into pollutes, the power battery of blurring.This part by utilizing big data sieve
Scheme is selected, power battery is screened.Big data screening method particularly includes: obtain the image of power battery simultaneously using video camera
Into big data operation is carried out in high-speed computation computer, the appearance of the power battery is subjected to big data screening, appearance is become
Shape, crackle, leakage, dry tack free, wound, the fracture of misaligned, connector, damaged, burn into pollution, blurring it is dynamic
Power battery is rejected, and remaining power battery is divided into 1. mini standards power batteries, 2. plug-in power batteries and 3. pairs
Phase transformation mobilization force battery.The mini standards power battery be electricity L range be 2kWh≤L < 500kWh, output power and
Input power W range is the power battery of 0.6kW≤W < 300kW；Plug-in power battery is that electricity L range is 500kWh≤L
< 2000kWh, output power and input power range are the power battery of 300kW≤W < kW；Two-phase unsteady flow power battery is tool
The Ni-MH power cell for having phase change material PCM cooling, screening criteria are as follows: filter out in PCM mass range in the double of 2~45g
Phase transformation mobilization force battery.Two-phase unsteady flow power battery by paraffin/graphite meet PCM the Ni-MH power cell of SC type is carried out it is cold
But.When battery is large current discharge, PCM absorbs the heat that battery is released, itself undergoes phase transition, so that battery temperature reducesIn formula, QdisFor the heat that battery is released, J；MpcmFor the quality of PCM, kg；CPFor the specific heat of PCM
Hold, J × Kg-1×K-1；Tm、TiThe respectively initial temperature of the melting temperature of PCM and PCM, DEG C；H is the latent heat of phase change of PCM,
J/kg or J/g.Using above-mentioned formula, two-phase unsteady flow power battery can be calculated and be maintained at 26 DEG C -48 of normal working temperature
PCM mass between DEG C filters out the two-phase unsteady flow power battery in PCM mass range in 2~45g.
Step 2: the power battery after step 1 grouping is carried out complementary energy test, and whether judges discharge capacity by complementary energy test
Meet preset complementary energy requirement, that is, judges whether battery allowance reaches preset standard, if so, into following steps 3, otherwise,
Reject the power battery.Detailed process are as follows: after the screening of step 1 and grouping, the power battery of cascade utilization is divided into
Three classes, respectively 1. mini standards power batteries, 2. plug-in power batteries and 3. two-phase unsteady flow power batteries.In step 2
Different modes are respectively adopted to calculate by the battery allowance of these three batteries.Classified calculating can effectively improve calculating effect
Rate, and most accurately surplus most accurately can be calculated according to different types of power battery.
1. complementary energy calculation method is to press the mini standards power battery for mini standards power battery
Predetermined charging method charges；By the power battery after charging at 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C with 1I5(A) current discharge, until battery is electric
Stop discharging when pressure reaches final discharging voltage and records discharge time, the I5(A) refer to power battery 5h rate discharge current
Value；Use 1I5(A) current value and discharge time data calculates discharge capacity；Judge whether discharge capacity meets preset surplus
It is required that judging discharge capacity C >=100AH, if so, being determined as that the discharge capacity meets preset surplus requirement, enter
Following steps 3.Otherwise, if discharge capacity C < 100AH, judge that the power battery surplus is undesirable, and reject surplus
Undesirable power battery.
2. for plug-in power battery, complementary energy calculation method is, on charge-discharge machine to plug-in power battery into
Row is charged and discharged test.
When plug-in power battery is in charged state, the changing value of the capacity of the power battery after the Δ t time
For Δ C=Kc× I × Δ t, wherein I is the charging current value for flowing through plug-in power battery, in the range of 2A≤I≤20, KcFor
Modified index, in the range of 0.9≤Kc≤ 1.1, if the residual capacity C of power battery time t momentt=C0+ Δ C, C0It is initial
Capacity.
When plug-in power battery is in discharge condition, the changing value of the capacity of the power battery after the Δ t time
For Δ C2=Kd× I × Δ t, wherein I is the charging current value for flowing through plug-in power battery, in the range of 2A≤I≤20A, Kd
For modified index, in the range of 0.9≤Kd≤ 1.1, if the residual capacity C of power battery time t momentt2=C0-ΔC2, C0For
Initial capacity, ifIf so, be determined as that the power battery surplus meets the requirement of preset surplus, into
Lower step 3.Otherwise, then judge that the power battery surplus is undesirable, and reject the undesirable power battery of surplus.
3. two-phase unsteady flow power battery, complementary energy calculation method is the cell voltage and battery temperature for measuring the battery, root
Battery allowance is predicted according to cell voltage and battery temperature.According to the internal driving R of the battery in battery equivalent circuit0And with
Predetermined time interval determines the cell voltage and battery temperature, predicts battery allowance, specifically, measurement is initial
Time t0In initial cell voltage V0With initial cells temperature T0, at interval of Δ tiSecond measurement cell voltage ViAnd battery temperature
Ti, SOCiTo be spaced i Δ tiThe residual capacity of battery after second If SOCi≥
50AH, if so, being determined as that the discharge capacity meets preset surplus requirement, into following steps 3.Otherwise, if the electric discharge is held
Measure SOCi< 50AH then judges that the power battery surplus is undesirable, and rejects the undesirable power battery of surplus.Δti
Value range be 1-5s.
Step 3: the power battery for meeting complementary energy requirement being subjected to performance specificity analysis, and according to the performance characteristics analysis bag
Include historical operating parameter analysis and basic parameter analysis of experiments.Specifically, it when analysis of history operating parameter, is unsatisfactory for following any
One condition, directly reject:
(1) it charges under conditions of 1.5-2.0 multiplying power, until voltage reaches number≤10 time of 5.5-6.0V；
(2) it discharges under conditions of 1.5-2.0 multiplying power, until voltage reaches number≤10 time of 2.0-3.0V；
(3) number of run≤10 time under 60-100 DEG C of high temperature；
(4) lifespan is less than 10 years；
(5) battery room temperature 5h rate discharge capacity is greater than the 80% of standard value.
The basic parameter analysis of experiments tests and records the major parameter of battery, comprising: voltage, internal resistance, capacity, height
Warm nature energy, retention of charge.Room temperature is 25 DEG C ± 3 DEG C, and high temperature is 55 DEG C ± 3 DEG C, and low temperature is -25 DEG C ± 3 DEG C.Specifically,
When analyzing basic parameter test, it is unsatisfactory for following either condition, is directly rejected:
(1) it voltage detecting: if detected value is zero or lower than discharge cut-off voltage, directly rejects；Discharge off electricity
Pressure is final discharging voltage as defined in enterprise technology condition, range 2-5V.
(2) inner walkway: for the battery of voltage tester qualification, surveying its internal resistance, if internal resistance, which increases, is greater than the 1.8 of initial value
Times, then it directly rejects；
(3) under the conditions of 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of room temperature, 0.3 multiplying power discharge capacity is greater than the 70% of rated value；
(4) under the conditions of 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of room temperature, 0.5 multiplying power discharge capacity is greater than the 65% of rated value；
(5) under the conditions of -20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of low temperature, 0.3 multiplying power discharge capacity >=room temperature actual capacity 80%；
(6) under the conditions of 60 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of high temperature, 0.3 multiplying power discharge capacity >=room temperature actual capacity 60%；
(7) under the conditions of 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of room temperature, charge maintenance capability >=rated value 85% of power battery, 60 DEG C of high temperature
Under the conditions of ± 5 DEG C and under the conditions of ± 5 DEG C of -20 DEG C of low temperature, charge maintenance capability >=rated value 65% of power battery.
In the present embodiment, charge maintenance capability experimental procedure includes: to carry out the test of 0.3 rate capability of room temperature, and record is put
Actual capacity out is simultaneously fully charged, and battery environment temperature is 20 DEG C of ± 5 DEG C of open circuits storages 28 days.Open circuit storage 28 days
Afterwards, 0.3 rate capability of room temperature is carried out under continuous charge condition to test and record the residual capacity after storage.
Step 4: by step 3 analysis after power battery carry out internal structure scanning, scanning mode by nuclear magnetic resonance at
Picture or industry CT, industry CT (industrial computerized tomography) refer to the nuclear imaging being applied in industry
Technology, and scanning result is analyzed, judge whether internal structure deformation quantity exceeds threshold value, if so, rejecting the power electric
Pond；If it is not, then entering step 5；Specifically, it is lossless that using industry CT above-mentioned steps are deleted with the battery progress internal structure elected
Detection forms three-dimensional imaging, if detection discovery inside battery rejects the battery there are pole piece protrusion phenomenon, and to remaining electricity
Pond is carried out non-destructive testing using Carbon anode of the Li NMR imaging instrument to battery, if lithium fiber content present on the Carbon anode
>=10%, then determine that the power battery for unqualified battery, is rejected.Since industry CT and Li NMR imaging instrument are able to detect
Inside battery micro-variations out, and the equipment that the detection needs to use is more high-end, and testing cost is high, therefore in this programme
In, it carries out after step 3, detection efficiency can be further increased on the basis of other detections.
Step 5: by the power battery after scanning according to the different classes of step battery that is placed in using in the different spaces of device.
In the step 5, step battery includes user demand measuring and calculating unit, trace to the source label and charge calculation unit using device, described
It is according to precisely measuring and calculating user demand that user demand, which calculates unit with service agreement, and the label of tracing to the source is each power battery
Tracking of tracing to the source is carried out, and the information that will trace to the source in real time sends back step battery using device, the charge calculation unit is dynamic according to this
The electricity charge information of power battery is settled accounts and is recorded.
In step 5, step battery has mini standards power battery module, plug-in power battery module using device
With two-phase unsteady flow power battery module, three Mo Zu be respectively with step 1-4 choose come 1. mini standards power batteries,
2. plug-in power battery and 3. two-phase unsteady flow power batteries are constituted, which constitutes scheme and uses mould common in the art
Group grade reorganization scheme, step battery using device includes user demand measuring and calculating unit, trace to the source label and charge calculation unit, two-way
Current transformer management module, input switch, output switch and central processing unit, the mini standards power battery module, plug
Formula power battery module and two-phase unsteady flow power battery module are connect with bidirectional converter management module respectively, and input switch is through double
To current transformer management module and output switch connection, bidirectional converter management module, user demand measuring and calculating unit, trace to the source label and
Charge calculation unit is connect with central processing unit.The label of tracing to the source carries out tracking of tracing to the source for each power battery, and in real time
Information of tracing to the source is sent back into the central processing unit that step battery utilizes device, user demand calculates unit using service agreement as foundation
Precisely measuring and calculating user demand, the measuring method are carried out according to service agreement content, and service agreement content is having for user's signing
The electricity consumption agreement of detailed use demand, the measuring method be come according to the demand of client it is customized, for example including electricity consumption time, use
Design parameter typing to user demand is calculated unit, realizes the first pacing to electricity consumption by the parameters such as electric strength and electricity consumption range
It calculates, user demand calculates unit and user demand is sent to central processing unit, and central processing unit generates control instruction and respectively drives
The opening and closing of bidirectional converter management module, input switch, output switch, to realize the accurate control to the output of power battery electricity
System, and charge calculation unit is settled accounts and is recorded according to the electricity charge information of the power battery simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, step 5 is arrived by step 1, is realized most accurate to different model capacity, different new and old battery packs
Screening, and in the algorithm of well-designed five steps, can Stepwise Screening go out undesirable battery, to protect
The quality for demonstrate,proving remaining power, which meets to recycle, to be required, and ensure that the stability and validity of cascade utilization.Entire algorithm steps ring
Ring links closely, and using method by improved method and step, mainly uses non-destructive testing mode, is not necessarily to complicated technology, cost recovery
More at a low price；Secondly step elevator of the invention is improved in existing screening step using method, increase to battery into
Row, which is grouped, simultaneously carries out complementary energy test, and design step battery utilize device for dispose the well-graded battery of configuration so that entirely
Power battery obtains most efficiently recycling.Power battery is carried out classified packets first by the present embodiment, and according to different groups
It does not carry out surplus detection in different ways, had both improved surplus detection efficiency, in turn ensure the accuracy of surplus detection, keep away
The excessive disadvantage of not applicable caused error of the algorithm of the same race to different type power battery is exempted from.Surplus of the invention, which detects, to be calculated
Method precision is high, high-efficient, can retain at most optimal power battery, and guarantee the stability and compatibility of cascade utilization
Property.Battery can guarantee the parameter request that step battery utilizes using process, and effectively prevent the waste to battery and break
It is bad.It ensure that the safety and reliability that step battery utilizes.
The step battery that method through this embodiment screens, can be fully effectively used, and performance
Stablize, classification is reasonable.It can be realized and gradually substitute storage lead-acid battery using step battery, realize that resource makes full use of, gradually
Lead-acid battery is eliminated, the wasting of resources is avoided.Photovoltaic base station includes off-network type photovoltaic base station and parallel networking type photovoltaic base station, wherein
The characteristics of off-network type photovoltaic base station is that photovoltaic power generation is made of photovoltaic module, ordinary inverter, integrated controller.To step electricity
Integrated controller is gone back in pond during utilizing, the unified control such as intelligence collection solar energy, wind energy, oil machine, alternating current, battery group are more
Kind AC-battery power source, is combined, the original new energy system configuration of reasonably optimizing on demand, is improved operational efficiency, is saved base station sky
Between.Integrated controller is connect with step battery using device.The high voltage direct current of photovoltaic is converted by integrated controller
At 48V direct current.The characteristics of parallel networking type photovoltaic base station is photovoltaic power generation by photovoltaic module, gird-connected inverter, grid-connected distribution box etc.
Composition.By gird-connected inverter by the converting direct-current power into alternating-current power of photovoltaic, on the basis of meeting base station electricity consumption, photovoltaic system
The surplus part of power generation is delivered to power grid.Centralized purchasing, dispensing, transport and clearing are utilized to step battery.The buying is by total
The centralized purchasing of energy innovation center, portion, the dispensing actually report demand according to this province by provincial company, and general headquarters unify dispensing, institute
The transport that step battery is responsible in transport by branch company, each province is stated, the clearing are by unified negative by energy innovation center, general headquarters
Duty.User demand is precisely calculated using service agreement as foundation to the control step of step battery in the present embodiment, is implemented in full
Standard configurations promote battery modularized construction, system cost are effectively reduced, and it is super with phenomenon to prevent place capacity；Using minimum
Battery module equipping rules determine most basic battery module unit according to load scale, and subsequent need to develop according to load, lead to
Battery sharing manager is crossed by basic unit gradually expansion module.All steps are electrically accessed power & environment supervision system, realize prison in real time
Control.
The present invention provides a kind of power battery stepped utilization methods based on photovoltaic base station, implement the technical solution
Method and approach it is very much, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the general of the art
For logical technical staff, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improve and
Retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.The available prior art of each component part being not known in the present embodiment is subject to reality
It is existing.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of power battery stepped utilization method based on photovoltaic base station, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: discarded power battery being screened by big data and rejects undesirable battery, by remaining power electric
Pond is grouped according to electricity range or PCM mass；
Step 2: complementary energy test: the power battery after step 1 grouping being subjected to complementary energy test respectively, and whether judges discharge capacity
Meet preset complementary energy requirement, that is, judges whether battery allowance reaches preset standard, the battery for not reaching preset standard is picked
It removes, enters step 3；
Step 3: the power battery for meeting complementary energy requirement being subjected to performance specificity analysis, performance characteristics analysis includes history run
Parameter analysis and basic parameter analysis of experiments, reject ineligible power battery；
Step 4: the power battery after step 3 analysis being subjected to internal structure scanning, and scanning result is analyzed, in judgement
Whether portion's structural deformation amount exceeds threshold value, and the power battery that will exceed threshold value is rejected, and enters step 5；
Step 5: the power battery that step 4 obtains is utilized in the different spaces of device according to the different classes of step battery that is placed in.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein described pair of discarded power battery is by counting greatly in step 1
Undesirable battery is rejected according to screening and is specifically included: obtaining the image of power battery using video camera and enters computer
The appearance of the power battery is carried out big data screening, appearance deformation, crackle, leakage, surface is done by middle progress big data operation
Dry, wound, misaligned, connector fracture, damaged, burn into pollution, the power battery rejecting of blurring, and will be remaining
Power battery be divided into mini standards power battery, plug-in power battery and two-phase unsteady flow power battery.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the mini standards power battery is that electricity L range is
2kWh≤L < 500kWh, output power and input power W range are the power battery of 0.6kW≤W < 300kW；
Plug-in power battery is that electricity L range is 500kWh≤L < 2000kWh, and output power and input power range are
The power battery of 300kW≤W < kW；
Two-phase unsteady flow power battery is the Ni-MH power cell for having phase change material PCM cooling, screening criteria are as follows: filter out
Two-phase unsteady flow power battery of the PCM mass range in 2~45g.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, being protected it is characterized in that, calculating two-phase unsteady flow power battery by following formula
The PCM mass between 26 DEG C -48 DEG C of normal working temperature is held, to filter out the two-phase in PCM mass range in 2~45g
Unsteady flow power battery:
In formula, QdisFor the heat that battery is released, unit J；MpcmFor the quality of PCM, unit kg；CPFor the specific heat of PCM
Hold, unit is J × Kg-1×K-1；Tm、TiThe respectively initial temperature of the melting temperature of PCM and PCM, unit are DEG C；H is PCM
Latent heat of phase change, unit be J/kg or J/g.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, in step 2, for mini standards power battery, remaining
Energy calculation method are as follows: mini standards power battery charges, by the power battery after charging at 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C with 1I5
Current discharge, until when cell voltage reaches final discharging voltage stop discharge and record discharge time, I5Refer to power battery
5h rate discharge current value；Use 1I5Current value and discharge time data calculate discharge capacity, it is pre- to judge whether discharge capacity meets
If surplus requirement, that is, judge whether discharge capacity C meets C >=100AH, if so, it is pre- to be determined as that the discharge capacity meets
If surplus requirement, enter step 3；Otherwise, if discharge capacity C < 100AH, judge that the power battery surplus is not met and want
It asks, and rejects the undesirable power battery of surplus；
For plug-in power battery, complementary energy calculation method are as follows: charge on charge-discharge machine to plug-in power battery
And discharge test, when plug-in power battery is in charged state, the variation of the capacity of the power battery after the Δ t time
Value is Δ C=Kc× I × Δ t, wherein I is the charging current value for flowing through plug-in power battery, in the range of 2A≤I≤20A,
KcFor modified index, in the range of 0.9≤Kc≤ 1.1, the residual capacity C of power battery time t momentt=C0+ Δ C, C0It is first
Beginning capacity；
When plug-in power battery is in discharge condition, the changing value of the capacity of the power battery after the Δ t time is Δ C2
=Kd× I × Δ t, the residual capacity C of power battery time t momentt2=C0-ΔC2IfThen it is determined as this
Power battery surplus meets preset surplus requirement, enters step 3；Otherwise, then judge that the power battery surplus is undesirable,
And reject the undesirable power battery of surplus；
For two-phase unsteady flow power battery, complementary energy calculation method are as follows: measurement initial time t0In initial cell voltage V0With it is first
Beginning battery temperature T0, at interval of Δ tiSecond measurement cell voltage ViWith battery temperature Ti, SOCiTo be spaced i Δ tiBattery after second
Residual capacityIf SOCiIt is pre- to be then determined as that the discharge capacity meets by >=50AH
If surplus requirement, enter step 3；Otherwise judge that the power battery surplus is undesirable, and it is undesirable to reject surplus
Power battery, Vi-1Indicate (i-1)-th Δ tiThe voltage of second.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, step 3 includes:
When analysis of history operating parameter, it is unsatisfactory for the power battery of following any condition, is directly rejected:
It charges under conditions of 1.5-2.0 multiplying power, until voltage reaches number≤10 time of 5.5-6.0V；
It discharges under conditions of 1.5-2.0 multiplying power, until voltage reaches number≤10 time of 2.0-3.0V；
Number of run≤10 time under 60-100 DEG C of high temperature；
Lifespan is less than 10 years；
Battery room temperature 5h rate discharge capacity is greater than the 80% of standard value；
The basic parameter analysis of experiments includes testing and recording the parameter of battery, and the parameter of battery includes: voltage, internal resistance, appearance
Amount, high temperature performance and retention of charge, room temperature are 25 DEG C ± 3 DEG C, and high temperature is 55 DEG C ± 3 DEG C, and low temperature is -25 DEG C ± 3 DEG C,
When analyzing basic parameter test, first carries out voltage detecting: if detected value is zero or lower than discharge cut-off voltage, directly picking
Except the power battery；Final discharging voltage is final discharging voltage as defined in enterprise technology condition, range 2-5V, if discontented
Foot, then directly reject the power battery；
Then it carries out inner walkway: for the battery of voltage tester qualification, surveying its internal resistance, if internal resistance, which increases, is greater than initial value
It 1.8 times, then directly rejects；
For the power battery of inner walkway qualification, if being unsatisfactory for following either condition, directly reject:
Under the conditions of 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of room temperature, 0.3 multiplying power discharge capacity is greater than the 70% of rated value；
Under the conditions of 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of room temperature, 0.5 multiplying power discharge capacity is greater than the 65% of rated value；
Under the conditions of -20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of low temperature, 0.3 multiplying power discharge capacity >=room temperature actual capacity 80%；
Under the conditions of 60 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of high temperature, 0.3 multiplying power discharge capacity >=room temperature actual capacity 60%；
Under the conditions of 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of room temperature, charge maintenance capability >=rated value 85% of power battery, 60 DEG C of ± 5 DEG C of items of high temperature
Under part and under the conditions of ± 5 DEG C of -20 DEG C of low temperature, charge maintenance capability >=rated value 65% of power battery.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, being screened using industry CT to step 4 in step 4
Battery carries out internal structure non-destructive testing, forms three-dimensional imaging, if detection discovery inside battery is picked there are pole piece protrusion phenomenon
It is carried out non-destructive testing except the battery, and to remaining power using Carbon anode of the Li NMR imaging instrument to battery, if the carbon is negative
Lithium fiber content >=10% present on pole then determines that the power battery for unqualified battery, rejects the power battery.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that step battery includes user demand using device in step 5
Calculate unit, trace to the source label and charge calculation unit, the user demand measuring and calculating unit is according to measuring and calculating user with service agreement
Demand, the label of tracing to the source are that each power battery carries out tracking of tracing to the source, and the information that will trace to the source in real time sends back step battery
Using device, the charge calculation unit is settled accounts and is recorded according to the electricity charge information of power battery.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, photovoltaic base station includes off-network type photovoltaic base station and grid type
Photovoltaic base station, wherein off-network type photovoltaic base station is made of photovoltaic module, ordinary inverter.
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