CN109464226A - A kind of silicon nitride ceramics artificial knee joint - Google Patents
A kind of silicon nitride ceramics artificial knee joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN109464226A CN109464226A CN201711177602.4A CN201711177602A CN109464226A CN 109464226 A CN109464226 A CN 109464226A CN 201711177602 A CN201711177602 A CN 201711177602A CN 109464226 A CN109464226 A CN 109464226A
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- condyle
- femur
- face
- tibial plateau
- entocondyle
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
- A61F2/3859—Femoral components
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
- A61F2/3877—Patellae or trochleae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
- A61F2/389—Tibial components
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
- C04B35/584—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicon nitride
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2/30721—Accessories
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
- A61F2002/3006—Properties of materials and coating materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/30199—Three-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/30205—Three-dimensional shapes conical
- A61F2002/30215—Stepped cones, i.e. having discrete diameter changes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30772—Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
- A61F2002/30784—Plurality of holes
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
- C04B2235/3225—Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of silicon nitride ceramics artificial knee joints, are made of femoral condyle prosthesis, tibial plateau prosthesis and artificial whirbone, are related to joint prosthesis technical field.The femoral condyle prosthesis, tibial plateau prosthesis and artificial whirbone are made of silicon nitride ceramic material, by selecting silicon nitride ceramic material, so that silicon nitride ceramics artificial knee joint, other than every excellent properties with bioceramic implantation material, also there is high rigidity, high bending strength, high-fatigue strength, high-fracture toughness, excellent frictional behaviour, good bone long upper and Bone Ingrowth ability, good anti-infection ability and good developability, the abrasion and stress shielding problem of artificial knee joint can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to joint prosthesis technical fields, more particularly to a kind of silicon nitride ceramics artificial knee joint.
Background technique
Knee joint is the maximum joint of human body, by the distal portions of femur (thigh), the proximal end of shin bone and knee joint
The kneecap (knee cap) in front forms, and outside is covered with tough and tensile tendon.Knee joint is also the important weight-bearing joints of human body, mainly
Function is to carry out stretching and beading activity, and the size of knee joint stretching and beading scope of activities directly affects daily life.
However, the diseases such as Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic arthritis will lead to gonalgia and its
The forfeiture of function, to seriously affect sufferer life.Currently, artificial knee replacement surgery has become treatment diseases of knee joint
Effective means.But present inventor has found in long-term R&D process, existing artificial knee joint is by gold mostly
Belong to material or high molecular material is made, there is biggish wear problem, such as metal condyle of femur and polyethylene in clinical application
Between liner, can all there be mill between polyethylene liner and metal tibial platform or between plastics kneecap and metal condyle of femur
Damage generates abrasive dust particle；These abrasion less serious case will lead to bone dissolution, prosthese aseptic loosening and infection, it is heavy then will lead to prosthese lose
Effect.In addition, stress screening can occur in clinical application due to the difference of material property between metal material and the primary bone of human body
A series of problems, such as gear, the presence of stress shielding can cause bone dissolution, shorten the service life of prosthese.
Summary of the invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a kind of silicon nitride ceramics artificial knee joints, can improve artificial knee
The abrasion and stress shielding problem in joint.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of femoral condyle prosthesis is provided, it is described
Condyle of femur includes entocondyle and external condyle, and entocondyle and external condyle are distally being respectively formed with mutually independent spherical region, and
Proximal end is connected to each other to form bonding pad, and the intermediate recess of bonding pad forms patellar trochlea ditch, and patellar trochlea ditch is used to accommodate kneecap,
The material of condyle of femur is silicon nitride ceramics.
In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of tibial plateau prosthesis is provided,
The tibial plateau includes being contacted with condyle of femur for contacting the lower surface to form a fixed connection with human tibia to be formed
Shin-secondary the upper surface of femoral joint activity friction, and contact with kneecap to form the secondary concave front surface of friction, tibial plateau
Material is silicon nitride ceramics.
In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of artificial whirbone is provided, it is described
Kneecap is ovoid, and including the bindiny mechanism for being fixedly connected with the original kneecap of human body and is used for and condyle of femur and shin bone
For contact with platform to form the secondary outer peripheral surface of joint motion friction, the bindiny mechanism is set to the bottom surface of the ovoid, described
Outer peripheral surface corresponds to the spherical surface of the ovoid；The material of the kneecap is silicon nitride ceramics.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: being in contrast to the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of silicon nitride ceramics people
Work knee joint is made of femoral condyle prosthesis, tibial plateau prosthesis and artificial whirbone, and the femoral condyle prosthesis, artificial shin bone are flat
Platform and artificial whirbone are made of silicon nitride ceramic material, compare existing ceramic material, macromolecule material and metal material,
It also has high rigidity, high bending strength, high fatigue strong other than every excellent properties with bioceramic implantation material
Degree, high-fracture toughness, excellent frictional behaviour, good bone it is long upper with Bone Ingrowth ability, it is good anti-aging property, good
Anti-infection ability, good developability can improve the abrasion and stress shielding problem of artificial knee joint.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of each component of artificial knee joint；
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis on coronal-plane；
Fig. 3 a is structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis on coronal-plane；
Fig. 3 b is structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis in sagittal plane；
Fig. 4 is structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis on coronal-plane；
Fig. 5 is one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis in the structural schematic diagram on 90 ° of cross sections of bending the knee；
Fig. 6 is one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis in the structural schematic diagram on 90 ° of coronal-planes of bending the knee；
Fig. 7 is one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis in the structural schematic diagram on 0 ° of cross section of bending the knee；
Fig. 8 a is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis；
Fig. 8 b is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis；
Fig. 9 is one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis in the structural schematic diagram on 0 ° of cross section of bending the knee；
Figure 10 is structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis in sagittal plane；
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application tibial plateau prosthesis；
Figure 12 a is that the application tibial plateau prosthesis shows with structure of femoral condyle prosthesis's group unification embodiment in sagittal plane
It is intended to；
Figure 12 b is that the application tibial plateau prosthesis shows with structure of femoral condyle prosthesis's group unification embodiment on coronal-plane
It is intended to；
Figure 13 a is schematic cross-section of Figure 12 a along the direction AA；
Figure 13 b is Figure 12 b respectively along the schematic cross-section in the direction BB, CC；
Figure 14 is bascule schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application tibial plateau prosthesis upper surface in sagittal plane；
Figure 15 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application artificial knee joint；
Figure 16 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application artificial whirbone；
Figure 17 is the structural schematic diagram that the application artificial whirbone and femoral condyle prosthesis organize unification embodiment；
Figure 18 is that the application artificial whirbone and femoral condyle prosthesis organize structural representation of unification embodiment during bending and stretching
Figure.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and effect clearer, clear and definite, right as follows in conjunction with drawings and embodiments
The present invention is further described.
Femoral condyle prosthesis, tibial plateau prosthesis and artificial whirbone provided herein belongs to bio-medical technology field,
More anatomical term is used in structure description or effect description, these anatomical terms are only used to clearly demonstrate description scheme
Feature can not bring restriction to the application.
Specifically, basic anatomy posture are as follows: body erect, two fronts at eye level, two foots close up, and toe is facing forward；Upper limb
Fall in trunk two sides, palm is towards front (thumb is on the outside)；Each position direction is explained based on basic anatomy posture,
In, on head residence, for foot under, nearly head side is upper end, and remote head side is lower end；In four limbs, then usual end, distal end describe the pass between position
System is or proximal end close to the root of trunk, and relative distance is farther out or the position of end is distal end；Front and rear leans on body abdomen
Before face person is, and after backrest surface is；Inner side and outer side, is subject to the middle line of body, is inside away from the nearly person of middle line, opposite from middle line
Farther is outside, wherein lower limb calf has shin, fibula arranged side by side, and for shin bone in inside, fibula occupies outside, therefore can be used again shin side and
Diseased side is referred to as.
Based on basic anatomy posture, human body can be set to three typical mutually perpendicular axis, wherein sagittal axis is
Horizontal line in the front-back direction；Coronal (volume shape) axis is the horizontal line of left and right directions；Vertical axis is that up and down direction and horizontal line are mutual
Vertical vertical line.Human body or organ can be cut into different sections according to axis, sagittal plane is hanging down of being done along sagittal axis direction
Vertical cut face, it is that human body is divided into the two-part longitudal section in left and right；Coronal-plane is the plumb cut done along coronal axis direction, it
It is the longitudal section that human body is divided into front and back two；Horizontal plane or cross section is along the horizontal cross sections that horizontal line is done, it is by people
Body be divided into up and down two, it is perpendicular with above-mentioned two longitudal section.
Knee joint is the maximum joint of human body, by the distal portions of femur (thigh), the proximal end of shin bone and knee joint
The kneecap (knee cap) in front forms, and outside is covered with tough and tensile tendon.Distal femur is expanded to two sides, as two spheres lean on
Together, entocondyle, external condyle are referred to as.There is recessed groove to be known as patellar trochlea between two condyles, kneecap when knee joint stretching and beading
Bone (knee cap) slides up and down in this groove, forms patello-femoral articulate.High among the proximal end of shin bone, both sides are flat, referred to as
Medial and lateral tibial plateau.It is secondary that the inside and outside condyle of femur forms joint motion friction with the inside of shin bone, outside platform respectively.It is overall
On say, knee joint include three pieces of bones, form two articular surfaces (patellofemoral joint face and shin femoral joint face).
Correspondingly, artificial knee joint is also to be made from multiple components.Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is each component of artificial knee joint
Structural schematic diagram.The artificial product that these implantation human bodies function medically usually is known as " prosthese ".Artificial knee joint packet
Include three parts: lateral femoral condyle prosthesis 101, tibial prosthesis 102 and patellar prosthesis 103, wherein tibial prosthesis 102 can be by shin
Bone platform gasket 1021 and tibial plateau 1022 form.
Existing femoral condyle prosthesis is usually to be made of metal material, due to material between metal material and the primary bone of human body
Stress shielding phenomenon can occur in clinical application for the difference of characteristic, and it is a series of that the presence of stress shielding can cause bone dissolution etc.
Problem shortens the service life of prosthese.On this basis, the application provides a kind of femoral condyle prosthesis, is by silicon nitride ceramics
Material is made.
Specifically, referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is structural representation of one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis on coronal-plane
Figure.In one embodiment, condyle of femur 20 includes entocondyle 201 and external condyle 202, and entocondyle 201 and external condyle 202 are in distal end
It is respectively formed with mutually independent spherical region 2011 and 2021, and is connected to each other to form bonding pad in proximal end, the centre of bonding pad
Recess forms patellar trochlea ditch 203, and patellar trochlea ditch 203 is for accommodating kneecap, and wherein the material of condyle of femur 20 is silicon nitride pottery
Porcelain.
Femoral condyle prosthesis 20 provided by present embodiment is made of silicon nitride ceramic material, compared to existing ceramic material
Matter condyle of femur and metal material condyle of femur also have height other than every excellent properties with bioceramic implantation material
The long upper and Bone Ingrowth energy of hardness, high bending strength, high-fatigue strength, high-fracture toughness, excellent frictional behaviour, good bone
Power, good anti-aging property, good anti-infection ability and good developability, can improve femoral condyle prosthesis abrasion and
Stress shielding problem.
Please referring to Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, Fig. 3 a is structural representation of one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis on coronal-plane
Figure, Fig. 3 b is structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis in sagittal plane.In one embodiment, inside
The spherical region 2011 of condyle 201, external condyle 202 spherical region 2021 on coronal-plane and sagittal plane single sphere diameter having the same.
It is identical by the way that the spherical region 2021 of the spherical region 2011 of entocondyle 201 and external condyle 202 to be arranged on coronal-plane and sagittal plane
Single sphere diameter, constant tension of knee joint peripheral soft tissue during buckling is able to maintain, to improve kneed
Stability.
Please continue to refer to Fig. 2, in one embodiment, in the spherical region of entocondyle 201 2011 to the transition position of bonding pad
Set and be formed with shrinking zone 204, by be arranged shrinking zone 204 can guarantee the artificial whirbone being in contact with it good stability and
Contact area, additionally it is possible to reduce pain and soft tissue interference phenomenon when reduction knee joint hyperextension before knee.
Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis on coronal-plane.One
In embodiment, 202 side of condyle tilts 3~8 degree, such as 5 degree, 7 to patellar trochlea ditch 203 outward on the basis of sagittal axis
Degree etc., in this way, the anxiety that can reduce Lateral tension bang are excessively relaxed with unnecessary soft tissue is reduced.
Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis in the structural representation on 90 ° of cross sections of bending the knee
Figure.Depth of the depth of the patellar trochlea ditch of condyle of femur 502 provided by present embodiment closer to the primary patellar trochlea ditch of human body
Degree.It is specific as shown in Figure 5, wherein 501 be the primary condyle of femur of human body, and 502 be condyle of femur provided by present embodiment, and 503 are
Condyle of femur made of other modes；By setting the depth of the patellar trochlea ditch of condyle of femur 502 to closer to the primary kneecap of human body
The depth of bone coaster ditch, can reduce excessive filling, so that the operation that artificial knee joint can be more bionical.
Referring to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis in the structural representation on 90 ° of coronal-planes of bending the knee
Figure.The patellar trochlea ditch of condyle of femur 601 provided by present embodiment is to distally extending longer.It is specific as shown in fig. 6, its
In, 601 be condyle of femur provided by present embodiment, and 602 be condyle of femur made of other modes；By by condyle of femur 601
Patellar trochlea ditch extends to distal end, and when can make the high buckling of knee joint, kneecap is still able to maintain enough connect with the condyle of femur
Contacting surface product, to significantly reduce the generation of kneecap stock syndrome.
Referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis in the structural representation on 0 ° of cross section of bending the knee
Figure.In the present embodiment, in bonding pad side, the highest point of external condyle 202 is higher than the bottom surface of patellar trochlea ditch 203 by 2~
6mm, such as 3mm, 5mm etc. can make kneecap have good patellar tract in this way, especially curved in knee joint
Bent early stage prevents the outer lateral dislocation of kneecap.
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are please referred to, Fig. 8 a is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis, and Fig. 8 b is this
Apply for that the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of femoral condyle prosthesis, Fig. 9 are one embodiments of the application femoral condyle prosthesis at 0 ° of bending knee
Structural schematic diagram on cross section.In the present embodiment, the back side of patellar trochlea ditch has first end face 801, second end face
802 and third end face 803, the back side of entocondyle spherical region has the 4th end face 804, the 5th end face 805；External condyle spherical region
The back side has the 6th end face 806, the 7th end face 807, wherein the side edge of the condyle on the outside of second end face 802 is using sagittal axis as base
8-16 degree, such as 10 degree, 12 degree, 14 degree etc. are shunk in quasi- condyle side inwardly, and second end face 802 is in the side edge of entocondyle to swear
16-24 degree, such as 18 degree, 20 degree, 22 degree etc. are shunk to the external condyle side on the basis of shape axis, it in this way, can
Reduce the interference of condyle of femur 20 and knee joint two sides soft tissue.
Fig. 8 and Figure 10 are please referred to, Figure 10 is structural representation of one embodiment of the application femoral condyle prosthesis in sagittal plane
Figure.In the present embodiment, the angle that first end face 801 and the 7th end face 807 of the 5th end face 805/ project in sagittal plane is 6
Degree, in this way, can be avoided and excessively cut off femur front end cortex bone in surgical procedure.
The acute angle of second end face 802 and third end face 803 is projected as 45 degree in sagittal plane, third end face 803
It is also 45 degree with the projection of the acute angle of the 6th end face 806 of the 4th end face 804/ in sagittal plane, so as in guarantor
Work condyle of femur and primary femur have ideal contact area, while being also beneficial to the quick execution of surgical procedure.
In clinical application for traditional metal implant, general there are two types of the modes for forming biological fixation, first is that with
Bone cement as mounting medium, but bone cement itself can many problems of bring one, such as grinding particle, primary bone and bone cement it
Between, the combination integrity problem between bone cement and metal implant, chemical exothermal problem, the coating of cement sheath, generate and point
Cloth problem, stress shielding problem, removal problem when overhauling etc. both increase the risk of operative failure.Another fixed form
It is exactly that generally can help skeletonization if plasma titanium starches spraying by increasing the roughness of implant surface without using bone cement
Cell in bone length, forms reliable biological fixation, the primary trabecular bone structure of human body can also be simulated, in implantation material table as soon as possible
Surface construction goes out similar porous structure, such as tantalum metal bone trabecula, and be aided with hydroxyapatite coating layer etc., to lure osteoblast bone into
It grows into, to form good biological fixation.It in this way can be the revision procedure reserved space in later period, be particularly suitable for
The young and big sufferer of activity, but there is also reliabilities for the combination between coating and implantation material both different metals itself
Problem.
Based on this, condyle of femur provided by the present application is provided with porous coarse structure on the surface contacted with primary femur, and one
Aspect is capable of increasing the roughness of contact surface, can help osteoblast as soon as possible bone it is long on；On the other hand this is porous coarse
Structure is similar with the primary trabecular bone structure of human body, can lure osteoblast Bone Ingrowth into, and then effectively by femoral condyle prosthesis
It is fixedly connected with primary femur, forms good biological fixation.Wherein, the mean porosities of the porous coarse structure be 30%~
70%, average pore size is 100~1000 microns, average void intercept is 500~1500 microns.
In one embodiment, condyle of femur is shiny surface, i.e. condyle of femur and shin bone in the one side not contacted with primary femur
Platform and the one side of kneecap contact are shiny surface, by being set as shiny surface, can reduce the abrasion between each component, are extended false
The service life of body.Wherein, the roughness value Ra of the shiny surface is 0.01~1.6 micron.
On this basis, present invention also provides the tibial plateau prosthesis of silicon nitride ceramics material and artificial whirbones, because of nitrogen
The superperformance of SiClx ceramic material, the tibial plateau and kneecap of silicon nitride ceramics material all have good performance.
Specifically, Figure 11 is please referred to, Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application tibial plateau prosthesis.At this
In embodiment, tibial plateau 110 includes for contacting with human tibia with the lower surface 1101 to form a fixed connection and femur
Condyle is contacted to form shin-femoral joint upper surface 1102, and is contacted with kneecap to form the secondary concave front surface 1103 of friction,
The material of tibial plateau 110 is silicon nitride ceramics.Tibial plateau 110 provided by present embodiment has the phase of silicon nitride ceramics
Performance is answered, referring specifically to the description of above embodiment, details are not described herein.
Please continue to refer to Figure 11, and simultaneously refering to fig. 12,13 and 14, Figure 12 a are the application tibial plateau prosthesis and artificial
Condyle of femur group unifies structural schematic diagram of the embodiment in sagittal plane, Figure 12 b the application tibial plateau prosthesis and artificial femur
Condyle group unifies structural schematic diagram of the embodiment on coronal-plane, and Figure 13 a is schematic cross-section of Figure 12 a along the direction AA；Figure 13 b
It is Figure 12 b respectively along the schematic cross-section in the direction BB, CC, Figure 14 is that one embodiment of the application tibial plateau prosthesis upper surface exists
Bascule schematic diagram in sagittal plane.In one embodiment, it is provided on the upper surface 1102 of tibial plateau 110 for dividing
Not Jie Shou the entocondyle of condyle of femur and the entocondyle reception area 11021 of external condyle and external condyle reception area 11022, wherein being preced with
On shape face and sagittal plane, entocondyle reception area 11021 and the single sphere diameter having the same of external condyle reception area 11022.Inside
Condyle reception area 11021 is in ball-and-socket shape, to be coupled to receive spherical condylus medialis femoris, to form restrictive activity friction
It is secondary；External condyle reception area 11022 is in concave saddle, to be coupled to receive spherical condylus lateralis femoris, to be formed, restricted phase
Lower compared with for inside, activity friction is secondary, and then as knee joint is from the motion process stretched to buckling, so that on the inside of femur
Inside reception area 11021 original place activity of the condyle on tibial plateau, and condylus lateralis femoris, it is flat in shin bone with the movement of bending knee
Received outside area 11022 on platform makees 10 degree~25 degree around entocondyle and be servo-actuated.
Simultaneously in this way, it can make tibial plateau 110 and condyle of femur that there is maximum contact area, especially exist
Entocondyle part forms the friction pair for being similar to flexural pivot, reduces contact stress, reduces abrasion, and then guarantees that knee closes
The high stability for saving inside also solves the problems, such as that moderate buckling is unstable.
In one embodiment, lower surface 1101 is porous coarse structure, wherein the mean porosities of porous coarse structure
For 30%~70%, average pore size be 100~1000 microns, average void intercept is 500~1500 microns.It is porous by being arranged
Coarse structure can make lower surface 1101 have the long upper and Bone Ingrowth performance of good bone, and then effectively by tibial plateau 110
It is fixedly connected with primary shin bone, forms good biological fixation.Concrete principle please refers to the description of above embodiment, herein not
It repeats again.
In one embodiment, upper surface 1102 and front surface 1103 are roughness value Ra in 0.01~1.6 micron range
Interior shiny surface；Because upper surface 1102 is used to contact with condyle of femur to form shin-femoral joint activity friction pair, front surface 1103 is used
It is secondary to form joint motion friction in being contacted with kneecap, easily cause to wear during joint motion, so by upper surface 1102
It is set as the extremely low shiny surface of roughness with front surface 1103, the abrasion between tibial plateau 110 and condyle of femur can be reduced, prolonged
The service life of long prosthese.
Further, Figure 15 is please referred to, Figure 15 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application artificial knee joint, this reality
The tibial plateau prosthesis 1501 that the mode of applying provides can not use tibial plateau in clinical application because its upper surface is shiny surface
Liner, is directly used cooperatively with femoral condyle prosthesis 1502, artificial whirbone 1503.In this way, it can not only reduce existing
Tibial plateau gasket and tibial plateau between abrasion, additionally it is possible to simplify surgical procedure, shorten operating time.
Figure 16 is please referred to, Figure 16 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application artificial whirbone.In the present embodiment,
Kneecap 160 is ovoid, and including the connection structure 1601 for being fixedly connected with the original kneecap of human body and is used for and femur
Condyle and tibial plateau contact are to form the secondary outer peripheral surface 1602 of joint motion friction, wherein connection structure 1601 is set to oval
The bottom surface of body, outer peripheral surface 1602 correspond to the spherical surface of ovoid；The material of kneecap 160 is silicon nitride ceramics.Present embodiment institute
The kneecap 160 of offer has the respective performances of silicon nitride ceramics, no longer superfluous herein referring specifically to the description of above embodiment
It states.
Figure 17 and Figure 18 are please referred to, Figure 17 is the structure that the application artificial whirbone and femoral condyle prosthesis organize unification embodiment
Schematic diagram, Figure 18 are that the application artificial whirbone and femoral condyle prosthesis organize structural representation of unification embodiment during bending and stretching
Figure.In the present embodiment, outer peripheral surface 1602 for contacted with the front surface of the patellar trochlea ditch of condyle of femur and tibial plateau with
It is secondary to form joint motion friction, and outer peripheral surface 1602 and the patellar trochlea ditch of corresponding coupling single sphere diameter having the same, thus
The contact area of kneecap and condyle of femur can be made to maximize, and even if kneecap still can in coaster ditch when kneecap malalignment
Keep good contact and sliding.
In one embodiment, the edge of ovoid is set as fillet, in this way, can reduce kneecap 160 with
The interference problem of surrounding soft tissue.
In one embodiment, the tool of bindiny mechanism 1601 can enhance kneecap in this way there are three interconnecting piece
160 stationarity being connect with original kneecap.
In one embodiment, the outer peripheral surface 1602 of kneecap 160 is roughness value Ra in 0.01~1.6 micron range
Shiny surface；Because outer peripheral surface 1602 is contacted with condyle of femur and tibial plateau to form joint motion friction pair, in joint motion process
In easily cause to wear, so setting the extremely low shiny surface of roughness for outer peripheral surface 1602, kneecap 160 and condyle of femur can be reduced
Abrasion between tibial plateau extends the service life of prosthese.
In one embodiment, 160 bottom surface of kneecap has porous coarse structure, the i.e. contact of kneecap 160 and primary kneecap
Face is porous coarse structure, the contact surface of kneecap 160 and primary kneecap can be made to have well by the way that porous coarse structure is arranged
Bone is long upper and Bone Ingrowth performance, and then effectively kneecap 160 is fixedly connected with primary kneecap, formed it is good it is biological admittedly
It is fixed.Concrete principle please refers to the description of above embodiment, and details are not described herein.Wherein, the average pore of porous coarse structure
Rate is 30%~70%, average pore size is 100~1000 microns, average void intercept is 500~1500 microns.
Please continue to refer to Figure 15, the application also provides a kind of artificial knee joint, and the artificial knee joint includes: artificial femur
Condyle, tibial plateau prosthesis and artificial whirbone, wherein femoral condyle prosthesis, tibial plateau prosthesis and artificial whirbone and above-mentioned embodiment party
Femoral condyle prosthesis, tibial plateau prosthesis and artificial whirbone technical characteristic having the same in formula, specifically please refer to above-mentioned implementation
The description of mode, details are not described herein.
In one embodiment, the application, which also provides, a kind of prepares above-mentioned femoral condyle prosthesis, tibial plateau prosthesis and artificial
The method of kneecap.The step of specific preparation femoral condyle prosthesis, is as follows:
Step 1: preparing raw material powder, and silicon nitride ceramic, yttrium oxide and aluminium oxide sufficiently mix according to predetermined ratio
It closes；Wherein the amount of silicon nitride ceramic accounts for the 88% of total weight, and the amount of yttrium oxide and aluminium oxide accounts for the 12% of total weight.
Step 2: the good raw material powder of mixing is carried out abundant ball milling 10 hours in the ball mill using zirconium oxide balls.
Step 3: being granulated the good raw material powder of ball milling and dried by sponging granulator, specific granulation conditions are as follows: is granulated gas
Atmosphere is air, and slurry solid content is 45%-55%, and atomizer rotating speed is 8000 turns per minute, and feeding rate is per minute 0.4
It rises, drying temperature is 80 DEG C, and drying time is 15 hours.
Step 4: cold moudling will be carried out in the raw material powder merging mold after granulating and drying, obtains the first green body；Wherein,
The pressure of cold moudling is 30MPa.
Step 5: it handles the first green body progress isostatic cool pressing to obtain green body part.
Step 6: according to the shape need and related process parameters of condyle of femur, by machining, green body part is handled
Obtain semi-finished product to be sintered.
Step 7: being sintered 150 minutes and be sintered under nitrogen protection pore-creating processing at a temperature of 2200 DEG C, obtains silicon nitride pottery
Porcelain condyle of femur finished product blank.
Step 8: silicon nitride ceramics condyle of femur finished product blank is subjected to hip treatment, actual conditions again are as follows: the time is
15 hours, temperature was 2000 DEG C, pressure 200MPa.
Step 9: after silicon nitride ceramics condyle of femur finished product blank is carried out pore-creating according to the technical requirements of finished product condyle of femur
Reason, polishing treatment, surface acid-washing processing and laser marking and cleaning appropriate, then can be obtained finished product condyle of femur.
Similarly, on the basis of above-mentioned processing step, appropriate adjustment technological parameter can be made tibial plateau prosthesis and
Artificial whirbone etc..
Above scheme, a kind of silicon nitride ceramics artificial knee joint provided herein, by femoral condyle prosthesis, artificial shin
Bone platform and artificial whirbone composition, the femoral condyle prosthesis, tibial plateau prosthesis and artificial whirbone are by silicon nitride ceramics material
Material is made, and existing oxide ceramics material, macromolecule material and metal material is compared, in addition to bioceramic implantation material
Every excellent properties except, also have high rigidity, high bending strength, high-fatigue strength, high-fracture toughness, excellent frictional property
Energy, good bone long upper and Bone Ingrowth ability, good anti-aging property, good anti-infection ability, good developability, energy
Enough improve the abrasion and stress shielding problem of artificial knee joint.
Mode the above is only the implementation of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by description of the invention and accompanying drawing content, it is relevant to be applied directly or indirectly in other
Technical field is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of femoral condyle prosthesis, which is characterized in that the condyle of femur includes entocondyle and external condyle, the entocondyle and outside
Condyle is distally being respectively formed with mutually independent spherical region, and is connected to each other to form bonding pad in proximal end, in the bonding pad
Between recess form patellar trochlea ditch, the patellar trochlea ditch is silicon nitride ceramics for accommodating kneecap, the material of the condyle of femur.
2. condyle of femur according to claim 1, which is characterized in that on coronal-plane and sagittal plane, the entocondyle and institute
State the spherical region single sphere diameter having the same of external condyle.
3. condyle of femur according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the spherical region of the entocondyle to the bonding pad
Crossover position is formed with shrinking zone.
4. condyle of femur according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the bonding pad side, the highest of the external condyle
Point is 2~6mm higher than the bottom surface of the patellar trochlea ditch.
5. condyle of femur according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the patellar trochlea ditch is on the basis of sagittal axis to described
External condyle side tilts 3~8 degree.
6. condyle of femur according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the back side of the patellar trochlea ditch have first end face,
The back side of second end face and third end face, the entocondyle spherical region has the 4th end face and the 5th end face；The external condyle ball
The back side in shape area has the 6th end face and the 7th end face, wherein
The second end face shrinks 8-16 degree to the entocondyle side on the basis of side edge of the external condyle is by sagittal axis,
The second end face shrinks 16-24 degree to the external condyle side on the basis of side edge of the entocondyle is by sagittal axis；
The angle that the first end face and the 5th end face/the 7th end face project in sagittal plane is 6 degree, the second end face
The angle projected in sagittal plane with the third end face is 45 degree, the third end face and the 4th end face/the 6th end face
The angle projected in sagittal plane is 45 degree.
7. condyle of femur according to claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the surface that the condyle of femur is contacted with femur
With porous coarse structure, the mean porosities of the porous coarse structure are 30%~70%, average pore size is 100~1000
Micron, average void intercept are 500~1500 microns；
The surface that the condyle of femur is not contacted with femur is shiny surface, and the roughness value Ra of the shiny surface is 0.01~1.6 micro-
Rice.
8. a kind of tibial plateau prosthesis, which is characterized in that the tibial plateau includes solid to be formed for contacting with human tibia
Surely the lower surface connected is contacted with condyle of femur to form the secondary upper surface of shin-femoral joint activity friction, and contact with kneecap with
The secondary concave front surface of friction is formed, the material of the tibial plateau is silicon nitride ceramics.
9. tibial plateau according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the tibial plateau upper surface is provided with for distinguishing
The entocondyle of condyle of femur and the entocondyle reception area and external condyle reception area of external condyle are received, wherein in coronal-plane and sagittal plane
On, the entocondyle reception area and external condyle reception area single sphere diameter having the same.
10. tibial plateau according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the entocondyle reception area is in ball-and-socket shape, to coupling
Splice grafting receives spherical condylus medialis femoris, so that it is secondary to form restrictive activity friction；The external condyle reception area is in concave horse
Saddle, to be coupled to receive spherical condylus lateralis femoris, so that restricted lower activity friction pair for comparing inside is formed, into
And as knee joint is from the motion process stretched to buckling, so that entocondyle reception area of the entocondyle on tibial plateau is former
Ground activity, and the external condyle makees 10 around the entocondyle with external condyle reception area of the movement of bending knee on tibial plateau
~25 degree of degree is servo-actuated.
11. according to the described in any item tibial plateaus of claim 8-10, which is characterized in that the following table mask of the tibial plateau
There is porous coarse structure, the mean porosities of the porous coarse structure are 30%~70%, average pore size is 100~1000 micro-
Rice, average void intercept are 500~1500 microns；
The upper surface of the tibial plateau and front surface are shiny surface, and the roughness value Ra of the shiny surface is 0.01~1.6 micro-
Rice.
12. a kind of artificial whirbone, which is characterized in that the kneecap is ovoid, and including for fixing with the original kneecap of human body
The bindiny mechanism of connection and the outer peripheral surface that joint motion friction pair is formed for contacting with condyle of femur and tibial plateau, it is described
Bindiny mechanism is set to the bottom surface of the ovoid, and the outer peripheral surface corresponds to the spherical surface of the ovoid；The material of the kneecap
Material is silicon nitride ceramics.
13. kneecap according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the outer peripheral surface is used for sliding with the kneecap of the condyle of femur
The contact of the front surface of rut and the tibial plateau is secondary to form joint motion friction, and the kneecap of the outer peripheral surface and corresponding coupling
Bone coaster ditch single sphere diameter having the same.
14. kneecap according to claim 12 or 13, which is characterized in that the outer peripheral surface is shiny surface, the shiny surface
Roughness value Ra be 0.01~1.6 micron；
The bottom surface of the ovoid has a porous coarse structure, and the mean porosities of the porous coarse structure are 30%~
70%, average pore size is 100~1000 microns, average void intercept is 500~1500 microns；
The edge of the ovoid is set as fillet；There are three interconnecting pieces for bindiny mechanism's setting.
15. a kind of artificial knee joint, which is characterized in that the artificial knee joint includes as claim 1-7 is described in any item
Femoral condyle prosthesis, such as the described in any item tibial plateau prosthesis of claim 8-11 and as described in claim any one of 12-14
Artificial whirbone.
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| CN112174677A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-05 | 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 | Preparation method of silicon nitride trabecula bone |
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